Academic literature on the topic 'Limits of knowledge'

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Journal articles on the topic "Limits of knowledge"

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Cherniak, Christopher. "Limits for knowledge." Philosophical Studies 49, no. 1 (January 1986): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00372879.

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Schultz, Adam. "Limits to knowledge." Nature 372, no. 6502 (November 1994): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/372142a0.

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Malachowski, Alan. "Knowledge and Its Limits." International Philosophical Quarterly 43, no. 1 (2003): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ipq200343167.

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Priest, Graham. "Knowledge and Its Limits." Journal of Philosophy 100, no. 5 (2003): 268–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jphil200310054.

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Kafatos, Menas. "Knowledge Limits in Cosmology." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 168 (1996): 431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900110307.

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In cosmology one faces the observational challenge that knowledge about distant regions of the universe is dependent on assumptions one makes about these regions which are themselves coupled to the observations. Within the framework of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker big bang models the universe becomes opaque to its own radiation at z ≈ 1,000 and the earlier, and more distant, regions of the universe are not directly accessible through observations. Other challenges exist such as possible merging of extended distant sources and confusion of spectra from distant galaxies. One, therefore, encounters horizons in our understanding of the universe. Such horizons exist in any mode of description. To use the quantum analogy, the observer is always part of the system under study, the universe, and a description of the universe entails including the observer and observing apparatus. Since the early universe should be described in quantum terms, it follows that non-locality in the universe is not an a-priori requirement but the outcome of the observing process itself. As such, the flatness and horizon problems may not be preconditions on theoretical models.
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Johnson, Michael. "The Limits to Knowledge." Culture and Dialogue 4, no. 1 (July 22, 2016): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24683949-12340007.

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What is knowledge and what, if any, are its limits? In this essay I present a scientist’s view of our limits to knowledge, which come in many forms. Limits are set by our imagination and cultural backgrounds, by our technology, and by some of the laws of physics themselves. Science creates knowledge about the world through making models and measurement; and understanding the limits of our measurements is a central tenet of physics. Within physics, the calculation of these limits is generally harder than the measurements themselves, and within other disciplines it can be very difficult indeed. But measurements can only be made within the context of a model, and choosing between competing models can be very contentious. When competing models predict the same outcomes a further principle is required – Occam’s razor.
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Jankowicz, A. Devi. "Limits to Knowledge Transfer." Journal of East-West Business 7, no. 2 (February 4, 2002): 39–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j097v07n02_03.

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Makous, W. "Limits to Our Knowledge." Science 287, no. 5457 (February 25, 2000): 1399b—1399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.287.5457.1399b.

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Cilliers, Paul. "Knowledge, limits and boundaries." Futures 37, no. 7 (September 2005): 605–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2004.11.001.

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Hall, Matthew. "Knowledge management and the limits of knowledge codification." Journal of Knowledge Management 10, no. 3 (May 2006): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13673270610670894.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Limits of knowledge"

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Parpia, Pasha. "Neural plasticity and the limits of scientific knowledge." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/58460/.

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Western science claims to provide unique, objective information about the world. This is supported by the observation that peoples across cultures will agree upon a common description of the physical world. Further, the use of scientific instruments and mathematics is claimed to enable the objectification of science. In this work, carried out by reviewing the scientific literature, the above claims are disputed systematically by evaluating the definition of physical reality and the scientific method, showing that empiricism relies ultimately upon the human senses for the evaluation of scientific theories and that measuring instruments cannot replace the human sensory system. Nativist and constructivist theories of human sensory development are reviewed, and it is shown that nativist claims of core conceptual knowledge cannot be supported by the findings in the literature, which shows that perception does not simply arise from a process of maturation. Instead, sensory function requires a long process of learning through interactions with the environment. To more rigorously define physical reality and systematically evaluate the stability of perception, and thus the basis of empiricism, the development of the method of dimension analysis is reviewed. It is shown that this methodology, relied upon for the mathematical analysis of physical quantities, is itself based upon empiricism, and that all of physical reality can be described in terms of the three fundamental dimensions of mass, length and time. Hereafter the sensory modalities that inform us about these three dimensions are systematically evaluated. The following careful analysis of neuronal plasticity in these modalities shows that all the relevant senses acquire from the environment the capacity to apprehend physical reality. It is concluded that physical reality is acquired rather than given innately, and leads to the position that science cannot provide unique results. Rather, those it can provide are sufficient for a particular environmental setting.
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Waters, Gillian Margaret. "The limits of young children's understanding of sources of knowledge." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/506/.

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Seven experiments determined whether young children's comprehension of aspectuality, when acquired, was robust enough to cope with demands and variations to the task. Four to 5-year-olds were able to choose whether to look or feel to find out information about a hidden item that was identifiable by sight or touch (Experiments 2 & 7). However, they had difficulty when the test question did not directly refer to a perceptual aspect of the target item (Experiment 7). Four to 6-year-olds coped well with irrelevant verbal descriptions of the items included in the test question (Experiments 2 & 3). Five and 6-year-old‟s performed well whether the target had to be discovered or located (Experiment 1) but had difficulty when irrelevant partially differentiating information was included in the array of items (Experiments 3 & 4) and when they received verbal pre-trial experience of the items (Experiments 5 & 6). In conclusion, children depended on their recall of their pre-trial experience of the items, even when it was unnecessary to do so. They had difficulty recognizing the relevance of verbal information and problems recalling it. Hence, their understanding of sources of knowledge is limited until at least 7 years of age.
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Carter, Alexander Miles Carter. "Breadths & Limits of Associations." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1525179254628416.

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Markland, Alistair. "Knowledge and global advocacy : a sociological study of INGO practitioners and their epistemic limits." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/2bf2fc16-7349-49f2-ad80-962d2e74d826.

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This doctoral research project conducts a political sociology of knowledge of non-governmental actors engaged in advocating and reporting on issues relating to conflict and human rights. It engages the following research question: what are the limits of knowledge produced by non-governmental advocates? This question is applied to empirical case studies looking at, firstly, Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch and the International Crisis Group, and secondly, a network of global activists working on post-war Sri Lanka (2010-2014). Applying a Bourdieusian sociological framework, the thesis argues that professional advocates' epistemic practices are shaped by an array of socio-political dependencies. Contrasting with past applications of Bourdieu to International Relations, this thesis reveals contextually-specific dependencies through multiple levels and scales of analysis. At the organisational level, these dependencies manifest through advocacy NGOs' market-like relations with their targeted consumers, as well as their relations with rival knowledge producers. At the level of the human practitioner, it is shown how leading advocacy NGOs are reliant upon a relatively narrow labour market, consisting of practitioners who share a strong dispositional affinity with their consumers. Studying a smaller group of global advocates working on post-war Sri Lanka, the thesis also demonstrates how symbiotic relations between NGO practitioners and leading policy stakeholders had a structuring effect on advocates' network relations, as well as stimulating a deference to a dominant policy discourse of 'liberal peace'. Shifting the attention to advocates' extraction of knowledge from its proximal contexts, this thesis also examines the influence of advocates' localised dependencies. In the case of post-war Sri Lanka, it is shown how foreign advocates' knowledge is informed by a limited set of domestic actors, primarily encompassing the country's liberal elites. Overall, these dependencies are argued to place significant constraints on knowledge generated in advocacy contexts - limits that differ to other modes of knowledge production.
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Benitez, Michael Anthony. "The discursive limits of "carnal knowledge"| Re-reading rape in Elizabethan, Jacobean, and Restoration drama." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1598621.

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This thesis, by analyzing how rape is treated in William Shakespeare’s Titus Andronicus (1592-3), Thomas Middleton and William Rowley’s The Changeling (1622), and Aphra Behn’s The Rover (1677), details how the early modern English theater frequently dramatizes the period’s problematic understanding of rape. These texts reveal the social and legal illegibility of rape, illuminating just how deeply ambivalent and inconsistent patriarchy is toward female sexuality. Both using and departing from a feminist critical tradition that emphasized rape as patriarchy’s sexual entrapment of women, my readings of the period’s legal treatises and other documents call attention to the ambiguity of how rape is defined in early modern England. As represented in these three plays, male rapists exploit the period’s paradoxical views of female sexual consent, thus complicating how raped women negotiate their social and legal status. The process of disclosing her violation ultimately places a raped woman in an untenable position.

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Cook, N. M. "Conditions and limits : contemporary female biographers and the biographical paradigm : an original contribution to knowledge." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2000. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843670/.

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This thesis aims to interrogate the notion that biography is a 'traditional, old-fashioned' genre immune to change through an investigation of the work of contemporary female biographers. Whilst biography is constrained by what could be defined as an historicist definition of fact, evidence that is immutable and cannot be altered to make a psychological or artistic point, the genre has been transformed because women's life writing has taught us that conventional biography is inadequate for telling the narratives of women's lives. Women writing biography have made experiments. Whilst some have failed, female biographers have demonstrated that the form can be adapted to incorporate a post-modern understanding of the self and the role of the author, and act as a valuable medium for telling the stories of the lives of women who have been hidden or ignored by history. The first two chapters provide a theoretical and historical framework for the writing of individual female biographers. Today a feminist epistemology has emerged- a more sophisticated post-modern form that is concerned with the theories or grounds of Knowledge rather than with the politics of feminism that dominated the biographies of the seventies. Chapters Three to Seven are devoted to contemporary female biographers who have made a significant contribution to the genre and thus helped to redefine the form. The final chapter is a synthesis of the conversations undertaken with women biographers for this thesis in order to provide a conceptual framework for my conclusions.
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Alkan, Olsson Johanna. "Setting limits in nature and the metabolism of knowledge : the case of the critical load concept /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2003/arts274s.pdf.

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Bradley, Lisa. "In and of an urban time : (re)imagining the (im)possible limits of time, knowledge and the city." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6454/.

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In the broadest sense this work is concerned with processes of cultural construction in the contemporary city, and their connections to the framing, recording and concrete manifestation of society and its ills. Acknowledging the academy to be a productive site in this regard this thesis takes a somewhat meta-theoretical approach, engaging with dominant analyses of urban problems and the methodological approaches they entail. My specific focus is on understandings of time and modes of temporality – crucial factors in the organisation of urban society but which appear largely naturalised in both everyday life and the academy. Attempting to uncover some of the ways in which the socially constructed nature of time has become invisible in these contexts, my aim in this work is to recast time and temporality as critical factors in the formation of urban culture and the organisation of urban society, which warrant detailed future study. Beyond that, this work seeks to establish this case as an impetus for the examination of other absences in urban knowledge production, and a renewed urban imagination. To this end I have designed a methodological approach of autoethnographic rhizoanalysis. I have rhizomatically analysed the urban studies canon for the (non)presence of time and temporality within its dominant texts, practices, performances and methods; and I have performed everyday and experimental autoethnography, as I have continued to make sense of time and temporality as a member of both the contemporary culture that experiences time as naturalised, and the academic culture which seeks to construct knowledge of the city. Along the way this work has also engaged with the craft of academic work, as I have worked to uncover some of the everyday assumptions and practices which may serve to maintain and strengthen hegemonic ideas of the nature of time, temporality and truth. As a counter to the ways in which existing approaches may limit rather than expand urban imaginations I have made a hand-embroidered, patchwork quilt to accompany this written thesis. This object allows for an alternative way of experiencing and performing this work as it relates to processes of knowledge production and cultural construction, of and in the contemporary city.
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Chapman, Dean. "Logic and the limits of explanation: the justification of deduction, Carrollian Regress, logical validity, and deductive inferential knowledge." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28324.

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This essay engages with the problems of the justification of deduction, Carrollian regress, and deductive inferential knowledge. Also, it is considered whether Lewis Carroll's tale of what the tortoise said to Achilles can be interpreted as suggesting an argument against the possibility of logically valid argument. Such an argument is presented and shown to be unsound. Any justification of one of our basic rules of deductive inference, such as modus ponens, will inevitably make use of the very rule it means to justify. It will be a 'rule-circular' argument and invite charges that it begs the question and 'keeps bad company'. Following Paul Boghossian, the contention in this essay is that a thinker need not know that the rule according to which a given inference proceeds is sound in order to be entitled to carry out the inference. Thus, a rule-circular argument for the soundness of modus ponens does not beg the question. Also, by a conceptual role semantics which takes as its starting point that of Boghossian, and with insights gained from Robert Brandom's inferentialism, it is argued that a thinker who carries out an inference which is meaning-constituting of some concept for her is entitled to that act of inference, in part because she is epistemically blameless in it. One of the ways to counter a Cartesian sceptic is to maintain that some of our beliefs are beliefs we are entitled to have no doubt about. To make that claim good, it is argued, one must hold two things: first, that some of our beliefs are such that we have conclusive evidence for them, evidence which guarantees their truth; and second, that for some of these beliefs, we know that we have conclusive evidence for them - there are infallibilist and intemalist constraints on the possibility of us having knowledge that is certain. Pace Boghossian, the contention here is that anyone who carries out an inference which is meaning-constituting of some concept for her, in fact knows that inference to be valid.
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Liapis, Vayos. ""Nothing that is not Zeus" the unknowability of the Gods and the limits of human knowledge in Sophoclean tragedy." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/615/.

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In the present thesis the author professes to offer neither a systematic account of Sophoclean theology (if indeed there is such a thing) nor a study of the epistemological problem per se in Sophoclean tragedy. His purpose is rather to illuminate - partly expanding on a brief but suggestive study by Hans Diller ("Gottliches und menschliches Wissen bei Sophocles", Kiel 1950) - the ways in which the epistemological chasm between Man and God in Sophoclean tragedy becomes manifest through a 'collision' between the incompleteness and limitedness of human knowledge on the one hand and the transcendence and the unknowability of the gods on the other. An introductory chapter is prefixed which deals with the development of the idea of divine unknowability in archaic Greek literature and in Presocratic philosophy. There follows a detailed examination of the extant plays one by one (with special emphasis on the close reading of practically all the choral odes), by means of which the author endeavours to demonstrate that the centrality of the epistemological problem (in relation, always, to the inscrutability of the Godhead) in Sophocles, far from reducing his dramas to abstract philosophical treatises, contains a tremendous tragic potential and makes for powerful plays. Aspects of each play's structure, of its thematic articulation and of its vocabulary are studied, while a variety of methodological approaches are employed in order to illuminate problems of interpretation. All important secondary literature is cited and / or discussed. Thus, while never losing sight of its central concern (divine unknowability, limitedness of human knowledge), the present thesis also aims to be a thorough study of Sophoclean tragedy as a whole.
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Books on the topic "Limits of knowledge"

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Bermejo, José. The limits of knowledge and the limits of science. Santiago de Compostela: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Servizo de Publicacións e Intercambio, 2010.

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The limits of pragmatism. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press International, 1987.

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Russell, Bertrand. Human knowledge : its scope and limits. New York: Routledge, 2009.

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Russell, Bertrand. Human knowledge: Its scope and limits. London: Routledge, 1992.

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DeCanio, Stephen J. Limits of Economic and Social Knowledge. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137371935.

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Unknowability: An inquiry into the limits of knowledge. Lanham, Md: Lexington Books, 2009.

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Feminism and geography: The limits of geographical knowledge. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1993.

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Reasons and rationalizations: The limits to organizational knowledge. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.

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Feminism and geography: The limits of geographical knowledge. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1993.

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Rose, Gillian. Feminism and geography: The limits of geographical knowledge. Cambridge: Polity Press in association with Blackwell, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Limits of knowledge"

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Brown, Jason W. "Limits of Knowledge." In Self and Process, 75–96. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3138-7_6.

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Rescher, Nicholas. "The Limits of Probabilistic Epistemology." In Forbidden Knowledge, 78–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3771-0_6.

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Brinkmann, Klaus. "Objective Knowledge and the Logic." In Idealism Without Limits, 221–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3622-3_4.

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Kafatos, Menas. "Knowledge Limits In Cosmology." In Examining the Big Bang and Diffuse Background Radiations, 431–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0145-2_43.

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Scheffer, Marten. "The limits of knowledge." In Ecology of Shallow Lakes, 308–13. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3154-0_7.

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Fuery, Patrick. "The Limits of Knowledge." In Madness and Cinema, 133–59. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-62948-6_6.

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Heffernan, Jiménez Julián. "The Limits of Knowledge." In Limited Shakespeare, 113–50. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. |: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429398384-5.

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Shaw, William H. "Limits to Moral Knowledge." In Moore on Right and Wrong, 94–122. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8537-8_5.

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Laurikainen, Kalervo V. "The Limits of Knowledge." In Beyond the Atom, 67–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73852-4_6.

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Fetzer, James H. "Knowledge Representation." In Artificial Intelligence: Its Scope and Limits, 195–232. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1900-6_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Limits of knowledge"

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Lavrukhina, Irina. "Transformation Of Limits Of Freedom: From Philosophical To Sociopolitical Knowledge." In SCTCMG 2019 - Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.12.04.258.

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Suraweera, Himal A., Peter J. Smith, Mansoor Shafi, and Michael Faulkner. "Channel Capacity Limits of Cognitive Radio with Imperfect Channel Knowledge." In GLOBECOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2009.5425949.

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"ARAGOG SEMANTIC SEARCH ENGINE - Beyond the Limits of Keyword Search." In International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Ontology Development. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0002290600210027.

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Seitlinger, Paul, Abida Bibi, Õnne Uus, and Tobias Ley. "How working memory capacity limits success in self-directed learning." In LAK '20: 10th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3375462.3375480.

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Leitão, António, Rita Fernandes, and Luís Santos. "Pushing the Envelope: Stretching the Limits of Generative Design." In XVII Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - SIGraDi: Knowledge-based Design. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/despro-sigradi2013-0043.

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Green, R. J., and J. G. Walker. "Phase Unwrapping Using A-Priori Knowledge About The Band Limits Of A Function." In 1988 International Congress on Optical Science and Engineering, edited by Donald W. Braggins. SPIE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.949202.

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Adhikari, Ashutosh, Achyudh Ram, Raphael Tang, William L. Hamilton, and Jimmy Lin. "Exploring the Limits of Simple Learners in Knowledge Distillation for Document Classification with DocBERT." In Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Representation Learning for NLP. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.repl4nlp-1.10.

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Bressan, Marco, Stefano Leucci, Alessandro Panconesi, Prabhakar Raghavan, and Erisa Terolli. "The Limits of Popularity-Based Recommendations, and the Role of Social Ties." In KDD '16: The 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2939672.2939797.

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Käpylä, Jonna. "Value of Collaboration: The Opportunities and Limits of Shared Value Creation in the Collaborative Practices of Mining." In 12th International Conference on Knowledge Management and Information Systems. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010138901880195.

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Jenzer, Jean, and Heinz Keller. "Torsional Vibration and Admissible Limits in Marine Propulsion Installations." In ASME 2003 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2003-0580.

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The torsional vibration calculation (TVC) of new marine installations (propeller driven by diesel engines) is requested by the Classification Societies. The aim of this paper is to shortly introduce the basic knowledge of TVC, to present the validation process of the model and parameters (stiffness, inertia, excitation and damping) and the PC program used at Wa¨rtsila¨ (example of calculation including comparison with measurement). Moreover, the special situation regarding the admissible limits of the torsional stresses given by the Classification Societies is shown (different limits between various societies, for given intermediate and propeller shafts). A proposal to harmonize these limits is presented.
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Reports on the topic "Limits of knowledge"

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Cohen, Maxime, Georgia Perakis, and Robert Pindyck. Pricing with Limited Knowledge of Demand. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21679.

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Oonk, H. M., J. H. Schermerhorn, D. Glaser, and J. G. Morrison. Knowledge Desk Limited Objective Experiment (LOE). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413070.

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Wilkins, David C. Generic-Role Limited Shells: Explicit Control Knowledge for Learning and Tutoring. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada307590.

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Price, Roz. Nature-based Solutions (NbS) – What are They and What are the Barriers and Enablers to Their Use? Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.098.

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This rapid review examines literature around Nature-based Solutions (NbS), what are NbS, the pros and cons of NbS, design and implementation issues (including governance, indigenous knowledge), finance and the enabling environment. The breadth of NbS and the evidence base means that this rapid review only provides a snapshot of the information available, and therefore does not consider all types of NbS, nor all sectors that they have been used in. Considering this limited scope, this report highlights many issues, some of which are that Covid-19 has highlighted the importance of NbS, Pros of NbS include the low cost compared to infrastructure alternatives; the flexibility in addressing multiple climate challenges; potential co-benefits such as better water quality, improved health, cultural benefits, biodiversity conservation. The literature also notes the cons of NbS including slow adaptation or co-benefits, very context specific making effectiveness difficult to measure and many of the benefits are non-monetary and hard to measure. The literature consulted suggest a number of knowledge gaps in the evidence base for NbS effectiveness including lack of: robust and impartial assessments of current NbS experiences; site specific knowledge of field deployment of NbS; timescales over which benefits are seen and experienced; cost-effectiveness of interventions compared to or in conjunction with alternative solutions; and integrated assessments considering broader social and ecological outcomes
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Macdonald, Keir. The Impact of Business Environment Reforms on Poverty, Gender and Inclusion. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.006.

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This rapid review synthesises the literature from academic, policy, and knowledge institution sources on how business environment reforms in middle-income countries impacts on poverty, gender and inclusion. Although, there is limited evidence on the direct impact of business environment reforms on poverty, gender, and inclusion, this review illustrates that there is evidence of indirect effects of such reforms. Business environment reform (BER) targets inadequate business regulations and institutions, in order to remove constraints to business investment and expansion, enabling growth and job creation, as well as new opportunities for international business to contribute to and benefit from this growth. However, there is a lack of detailed knowledge of the impact of BER on gender and inclusion (G&I) outcomes, in terms of the potential to remove institutional barriers which exclude formerly marginalised groups from business opportunities, in ways that promote equal access to resources, opportunities, benefits, and services. The literature shows how the business environment affects women in business, and how women’s experiences of a given business environment can be different from those of men. This is the result of disparities in how they are treated under the law, but also based on structural and sociocultural factors which influence how men and women behave in a given business environment and the barriers they face.
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Marcos Morezuelas, Paloma. Gender, Forests and Climate Change. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003072.

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As users of forest products and guardians of traditional knowledge, women have always been involved in forestry. Nevertheless, their access to forest resources and benefits and participation in forest management is limited compared to mens despite the fact that trees are more important to women, who depend on them for their families food security, income generation and cooking fuel. This guide aims to facilitate the incorporation of a gender lens in climate change mitigation and adaptation operations in forests, with special attention to those framed in REDD. This guide addresses four themes value chains, environmental payment schemes, firewood and biodiversity that relate directly to 1) how climate change impacts affect women in the forest and 2) how mitigation and adaptation measures affect womens access to resources and benefits distribution.
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Hilbrecht, Margo, Sally M. Gainsbury, Nassim Tabri, Michael J. A. Wohl, Silas Xuereb, Jeffrey L. Derevensky, Simone N. Rodda, McKnight Sheila, Voll Jess, and Gottvald Brittany. Prevention and education evidence review: Gambling-related harm. Edited by Margo Hilbrecht. Greo, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33684/2021.006.

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This report supports an evidence-based approach to the prevention and education objective of the National Strategy to Reduce Harm from Gambling. Applying a public health policy lens, it considers three levels of measures: universal (for the benefit of the whole population), selective (for the benefit of at-risk groups), and indicated (for the benefit of at-risk individuals). Six measures are reviewed by drawing upon a range of evidence in the academic and grey literature. The universal level measures are “Regulatory restriction on how gambling is provided” and “Population-based safer gambling/responsible gambling efforts.” Selective measures focus on age cohorts in a chapter entitled, “Targeted safer gambling campaigns for children, youth, and older adults.” The indicated measures are “Brief internet delivered interventions for gambling,” “Systems and tools that produced actual (‘hard’) barriers and limit access to funds,” and “Self-exclusion.” Since the quantity and quality of the evidence base varied by measure, appropriate review methods were selected to assess publications using a systematic, scoping, or narrative approach. Some measures offered consistent findings regarding the effectiveness of interventions and initiatives, while others were less clear. Unintended consequences were noted since it is important to be aware of unanticipated, negative consequences resulting from prevention and education activities. After reviewing the evidence, authors identified knowledge gaps that require further research, and provided guidance for how the findings could be used to enhance the prevention and education objective. The research evidence is supplemented by consultations with third sector charity representatives who design and implement gambling harm prevention and education programmes. Their insights and experiences enhance, support, or challenge the academic evidence base, and are shared in a separate chapter. Overall, research evidence is limited for many of the measures. Quality assessments suggest that improvements are needed to support policy decisions more fully. Still, opportunities exist to advance evidence-based policy for an effective gambling harm prevention and education plan.
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Chen, Xianglei, and Susan Rotermund. Entering the Skilled Technical Workforce After College. RTI Press, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.rb.0024.2004.

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This research brief uses nationally representative data from the 2012/17 Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study (BPS:12/17) to examine post-college transitions of US undergraduates into the skilled technical workforce (STW), defined here as workers in a collection of occupations that require significant levels of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) knowledge but not necessarily a bachelor’s degree for entry. Thus far, empirical research on the STW has been limited by a dearth of data; however, based on newly available data from BPS:12/17, the findings in this report indicate that STW employment provides workers with above-median salaries, more equitable wages, a variety of benefits, and clear career paths. STW jobs attract diverse populations, especially those from underrepresented groups (e.g., Hispanics, individuals from low-income backgrounds, and those whose parents do not have college education). US community colleges and sub-baccalaureate programs play a large role in developing the STW.
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Karam, Sofia, Morteza Nagahi, Vidanelage Dayarathna, Junfeng Ma, Raed Jaradat, and Michael Hamilton. Integrating systems thinking skills with multi-criteria decision-making technology to recruit employee candidates. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41026.

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The emergence of modern complex systems is often exacerbated by a proliferation of information and complication of technologies. Because current complex systems challenges can limit an organization's ability to efficiently handle socio-technical systems, it is essential to provide methods and techniques that count on individuals' systems skills. When selecting future employees, companies must constantly refresh their recruitment methods in order to find capable candidates with the required level of systemic skills who are better fit for their organization's requirements and objectives. The purpose of this study is to use systems thinking skills as a supplemental selection tool when recruiting prospective employees. To the best of our knowledge, there is no prior research that studied the use of systems thinking skills for recruiting purposes. The proposed framework offers an established tool to HRM professionals for assessing and screening of prospective employees of an organization based on their level of systems thinking skills while controlling uncertainties of complex decision-making environment with the fuzzy linguistic approach. This framework works as an expert system to find the most appropriate candidate for the organization to enhance the human capital for the organization.
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Strachan, Anna Louise. Potential Private Sector Involvement in Supporting Refugee Livelihoods and Self-reliance in Uganda: Annotated Bibliography. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.072.

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There is some evidence of the private sector playing a role in supporting refugee livelihoods and self-reliance in Uganda during the period 2016-2020. However, a number of evaluations and research reports highlight the potential for greater private sector involvement, if existing constraints are addressed. Key lessons identified in the literature include the need for more research, especially on market potential, to address the existing knowledge gaps on the role the private sector can play in supporting refugee livelihoods and self-reliance in Uganda. The literature notes that limited access to capital, as well as appropriate financing schemes, are key constraints to the growth of the agribusiness sector. Furthermore, access to natural resources required for agri-business, such as land and water needs to receive more attention from NGOs and donors. The evidence also shows that there is a need for guidelines on the monitoring and evaluation of humanitarian adaptations of market systems development programming. The literature also notes that local actors should be involved in the design and assessment of investment opportunities and risk of interventions to increase project impact.
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