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Journal articles on the topic 'Limnospira'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 January 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Misztak, Agnieszka E., Malgorzata Waleron, Magda Furmaniak, et al. "Comparative Genomics and Physiological Investigation of a New Arthrospira/Limnospira Strain O9.13F Isolated from an Alkaline, Winter Freezing, Siberian Lake." Cells 10, no. 12 (2021): 3411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10123411.

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Cyanobacteria from the genus Arthrospira/Limnospira are considered haloalkalotolerant organisms with optimal growth temperatures around 35 °C. They are most abundant in soda lakes in tropical and subtropical regions. Here, we report the comprehensive genome-based characterisation and physiological investigation of the new strain O9.13F that was isolated in a temperate climate zone from the winter freezing Solenoye Lake in Western Siberia. Based on genomic analyses, the Siberian strain belongs to the Arthrospira/Limnospira genus. The described strain O9.13F showed the highest relative growth in

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2

Martins, Valter F. R., Ana I. Lopes, Diana Gomes, et al. "Unravelling the Potential of Seven Microalgae Species: Nutritional, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties and Application." Applied Sciences 15, no. 12 (2025): 6691. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126691.

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Microalgae are a rich renewable source of a wide variety of bioactive compounds. This study focuses on seven microalgae—Limnospira sp., Dunaliella sp., Lobosphaera sp., Nannochloropsis sp., Odontella sp., Porphyridium sp., and Tetraselmis sp.— analyzing their nutritional compositions and the potential bioactivity of their hydroethanolic extracts obtained via ultrasound-assisted extraction. The total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH, and ORAC), as well as the antimicrobial activity of the extracts were determined. The protein content of the microalgae ranged from 22.9

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3

Moliboga, Elena, and Olga Bazhenova. "Cultivating Limnospira fusiformis from Lake Solenoye, Omsk." Food Processing: Techniques and Technology 53, no. 4 (2023): 689–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2469.

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Global food shortages make it necessary to look for alternative renewable bioresources. In the south of Western Siberia, the filamentous cyanoprokaryote Limnospira fusiformis triggers seasonal algae bloom in hypergaline alkaline Lake Solenoye. The species has valuable nutritional properties, and its phytomass is a potential source of proteins and biologically active substances. The O9.13F strain of L. fusiformis has a good potential as a bioadditive in animal feeding. The article offers a technology for cultivating O9.13F of L. fusiformis, isolated from Lake Solenoye. The research objectives w

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4

McDonnell, Brian, Elvina Parlindungan, Erika Vasiliauskaite, et al. "Viromic and Metagenomic Analyses of Commercial Spirulina Fermentations Reveal Remarkable Microbial Diversity." Viruses 16, no. 7 (2024): 1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v16071039.

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Commercially produced cyanobacteria preparations sold under the name spirulina are widely consumed, due to their traditional use as a nutrient-rich foodstuff and subsequent marketing as a superfood. Despite their popularity, the microbial composition of ponds used to cultivate these bacteria is understudied. A total of 19 pond samples were obtained from small-scale spirulina farms and subjected to metagenome and/or virome sequencing, and the results were analysed. A remarkable level of prokaryotic and viral diversity was found to be present in the ponds, with Limnospira sp. and Arthrospira sp.

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5

Sinetova, Maria A., Elena V. Kupriyanova, and Dmitry A. Los. "Spirulina/Arthrospira/Limnospira—Three Names of the Single Organism." Foods 13, no. 17 (2024): 2762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13172762.

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Recent advances in research techniques have enabled rapid progress in the study of spirulina, an ancient edible cyanobacteria. Nowadays, spirulina species are classified into three genera: Spirulina, Arthrospira, and Limnospira. The latter now refers to industrially manufactured spirulina strains. Whole-genome sequencing revealed gene clusters involved in metabolite production, and the physiology of spirulina. Omics technologies demonstrated the absence of hazardous compounds in spirulina cells, confirming the safety of this biomass as a food product. Spirulina is a good source of different ch

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6

kareem, Haider, and Haider Alghanmi. "EFFECTS OF VARIOUS LIGHT INTENSITIES ON PHYCOCYANIN COMPOSITION OF CYANOBACTERIUM LIMNOSPIRA FUSIFORMIS (VORONICHIN) NOWICKA-KRAWCZYK, MÜHLSTEINOVÁ & HAUER." Malaysian Journal of Science 42, no. 1 (2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/mjs.vol42no1.1.

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Phycocyanin denotes a photosynthetic pigment discovered in Rhodophyta and cyanobacteria, which has been used in medical, industrial, and agricultural applications. In general, phycocyanin production by cyanobacteria depends on many environmental conditions, mainly light during the cultivation period. The goal of this research was to see how various light intensities of 47, 52, as well as 60 µmol m-2 s-1, affected the Phycocyanin production of cyanobacterium Limnospira fusiformis cultured in Zarrouk medium with a maximum temperature of 28°C. The outcomes revealed that with mild light intensity

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7

Gavilan-Figari, Isabel Milagros, Graciela Vanessa Peña-Urdániga, Angelica Naka, and Miguel Angel Castro-Rosas. "¿Espirulina una planta marina? Una respuesta a Ochoa y Moyano. Aplicaciones de la espirulina - planta marina: revisión panorámica." Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología 4 (May 17, 2024): 860. http://dx.doi.org/10.56294/saludcyt2024860.

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En respuesta al artículo “Aplicaciones de la espirulina - planta marina: revisión panorámica” de Ochoa y Moyano (2022), quisiéramos señalar que la palabra “planta” en el título del artículo (pues se trata de una cianobacteria o, en términos más generales, un alga), podría no ser adecuada. Además nos gustaría sugerir algunas observaciones de formato en la nomenclatura (no se usa cursiva) y una actualización sobre el nombre científico de la espirulina (género Limnospira).

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8

Schagerl, Michael, Alexander Kaptejna, Fabian Polz, et al. "Testing the Purity of Limnospira fusiformis Cultures After Axenicity Treatments." Cells 14, no. 2 (2025): 136. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14020136.

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Contaminations are challenging for monocultures, as they impact the culture conditions and thus influence the growth of the target organism and the overall biomass composition. In phycology, axenic cultures comprising a single living species are commonly strived for both basic research and industrial applications, because contaminants reduce significance for analytic purposes and interfere with the safety and quality of commercial products. We aimed to establish axenic cultures of Limnospira fusiformis, known as the food additive “Spirulina”. Axenicity is strived because it ensures that pathog

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9

Pineda-Rodriguez, Yirlis Yadeth, Marcelo F. Pompelli, Alfredo Jarma-Orozco, Novisel Veitía Rodríguez, and Luis Alfonso Rodriguez-Paez. "A New and Profitable Protocol to DNA Extraction in Limnospira maxima." Methods and Protocols 6, no. 4 (2023): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mps6040062.

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Limnospira maxima is a remarkable organism showing great potential as a versatile and sustainable food source, offering a powerful solution to address the pressing issues of malnutrition and undernourishment worldwide. L. maxima contains high amounts of proteins, vitamins, minerals, and essential fatty acids. It can be grown in both bioreactors and open systems; however, before considering industrial production, optimization studies of the cultivation must be conducted to obtain knowledge about the ideal environmental conditions. Additionally, for the molecular typing of L. maxima strains and

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10

Spínola, Maria P., Ana R. Mendes, and José A. M. Prates. "Innovations in Limnospira platensis Fermentation: From Process Enhancements to Biotechnological Applications." Fermentation 10, no. 12 (2024): 633. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10120633.

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The cyanobacterium Limnospira platensis, vulgarly Spirulina, has gained significant attention due to its high protein content, rich bioactive compounds, and health benefits, making it a valuable resource in biotechnology, nutraceuticals, food supplements, biopharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Recent advancements in fermentation technology have considerably improved the efficiency, scalability, and cost-effectiveness of L. platensis production while addressing environmental sustainability and enhancing product quality. Based on well-recognized databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Scie

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11

Pineda-Rodríguez, Yirlis Yadeth, Diana Sofia Herazo-Cárdenas, Adriana Vallejo-Isaza, et al. "Optimal Laboratory Cultivation Conditions of Limnospira maxima for Large-Scale Production." Biology 12, no. 12 (2023): 1462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12121462.

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Cultivating Limnospira maxima, renowned for its abundant proteins and valuable pigments, faces substantial challenges rooted in the limited understanding of its optimal growth parameters, associated high costs, and constraints in the procurement of traditional nitrogen sources, particularly NaNO3. To overcome these challenges, we conducted a comprehensive 4 × 3 factorial design study. Factors considered included white, red, blue, and yellow light spectra, along with nitrogen sources NaNO3 and KNO3, as well as a nitrogen-free control, for large-scale implementation. Optimal growth, measured by

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12

Castillo, María, Govinda Guevara, Sara Baldanta, et al. "Characterization of Limnospira platensis PCC 9108 R-M and CRISPR-Cas systems." Microbiological Research 279 (February 2024): 127572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2023.127572.

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13

Bai, Renao, Peng Su, Zhen Guo, et al. "An efficient protein isolation process for use in Limnospira maxima: A biorefinery approach." Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 104 (December 2021): 104173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104173.

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14

Segers, Charlotte, Mohamed Mysara, Amelie Coolkens, et al. "Limnospira indica PCC 8005 or Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG Dietary Supplementation Modulate the Gut Microbiome in Mice." Applied Microbiology 2, no. 3 (2022): 636–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol2030049.

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While dietary supplements can have beneficial effects on the health of the intestine, these effects can come with unresolved issues in terms of therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of action. In this study, the model probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103 and the anciently used dietary supplement Limnospira indica strain PCC 8005 were compared for their effects on murine intestinal ecology. Healthy male mice received either saline or suspensions of living cells of L. indica PCC 8005 or L. rhamnosus GG daily along a two-week intervention period, followed by a two-week washout perio

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15

Spínola, Maria P., Ana R. Mendes, and José A. M. Prates. "Chemical Composition, Bioactivities, and Applications of Spirulina (Limnospira platensis) in Food, Feed, and Medicine." Foods 13, no. 22 (2024): 3656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13223656.

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Spirulina (Limnospira platensis) is a microalga recognised for its rich nutritional composition and diverse bioactive compounds, making it a valuable functional food, feed, and therapeutic agent. This review examines spirulina’s chemical composition, including its high levels of protein, essential fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds, such as the phycocyanin pigment, polysaccharides, and carotenoids, in food, feed, and medicine. These compounds exhibit various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiviral, anticancer, antidiabe

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16

Pinchart, Pierre-Etienne, Amandine Leruste, Vanina Pasqualini, and Felice Mastroleo. "Microcystins and Cyanobacterial Contaminants in the French Small-Scale Productions of Spirulina (Limnospira sp.)." Toxins 15, no. 6 (2023): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15060354.

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Spirulina is consumed worldwide, in the form of food or dietary supplements, for its nutritional value and health potential. However, these products may contain cyanotoxins, including hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs), produced by cyanobacterial contaminants. The French spirulina market has the particularity of being supplied half-locally by approximately 180 small-scale spirulina production farms. Data about this particular production and possible contaminations with other cyanobacteria and MCs are scarce. Thus, we collected the results of MC analyses and total cyanobacteria counts, carried out

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17

Schagerl, M., R. Angel, U. Donabaum, A. M. Gschwandner, and D. Woebken. "Limnospira fusiformis harbors dinitrogenase reductase (nifH)-like genes, but does not show N2 fixation activity." Algal Research 66 (July 2022): 102771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2022.102771.

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18

Deamici, Kricelle Mosquera, Michele Greque de Morais, Lucielen Oliveira dos Santos, Fabrice Gros, Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa, and Céline Laroche. "Magnetic Field Action on Limnospira indica PCC8005 Cultures: Enhancement of Biomass Yield and Protein Content." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (2022): 1533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031533.

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The effects of a magnetic field (MF) on the cyanobacteria Limnospira indica PCC 8005 growth rate and biomass composition were investigated. A device to apply the MF during the cultivation was built and the cyanobacteria were exposed to a steady 11 mT transverse MF. The growth increased with MF application, and when it was applied for 1 h per day, 123% more biomass was produced than in the control group. The protein content in the biomass cultured under this condition increased, achieving 60.4 w/w, while the Chl-a increased by 326%. The MF application for 1 h per day was found to be more effici

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19

Woldie, Ayirkm Adugna, Anupreet Kaur Chowdhary, Mutsumi Sekine, Mankul Beshi Zegeye, Masatoshi Kishi, and Tatsuki Toda. "Growth and biochemical composition of Limnospira fusiformis cultivated under simulated outdoor light intensity in photobioreactors." Biochemical Engineering Journal 211 (November 2024): 109482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2024.109482.

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20

Poughon, Laurent, Céline Laroche, Catherine Creuly, et al. "Limnospira indica PCC8005 growth in photobioreactor: model and simulation of the ISS and ground experiments." Life Sciences in Space Research 25 (May 2020): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lssr.2020.03.002.

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21

Pelagatti, Matilde, Giovanna Mori, Sara Falsini, Raffaello Ballini, Luigi Lazzara, and Alessio Papini. "Blue and Yellow Light Induce Changes in Biochemical Composition and Ultrastructure of Limnospira fusiformis (Cyanoprokaryota)." Microorganisms 11, no. 5 (2023): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051236.

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Limnospira fusiformis (also known as Spirulina) is a cyanobacterium that is widely cultivated due to its economic importance. It has specific pigments such as phycocyanin that allow it to grow at different light wavelengths compared to other cultivated algae. Our study investigated the effect of yellow (590 nm) and blue (460 nm) light fields on various biochemical features, including the pigment concentration, protein content, dry weight, and cell ultrastructure of L. fusiformis. Our findings revealed that biomass growth was faster in yellow light compared to blue light, with a higher relative

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22

D'Ascoli, Mariacristina, Antonio L. Langellotti, Giovanni L. Russo, Angela Sorrentino, and Prospero Di Pierro. "Phycocyanin extraction from Limnospira spp.: sustainable source of natural blue color for the food industry." Current Research in Food Science 11 (2025): 101141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crfs.2025.101141.

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23

Moliboga, E. A., O. P. Bazhenova, and M. V. Urman. "Antioxidant activity of Limnospira fusiformis (Voronichin) Nowicka-Krawczyk, Mühlsteinová et Hauer phytomass from Solenoye Lake (Omsk)." Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal, no. 51 (2024): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2024.51.3.

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24

Segers, Charlotte, Mohamed Mysara, Amelie Coolkens, et al. "Limnospira indica PCC 8005 Supplementation Prevents Pelvic Irradiation-Induced Dysbiosis but Not Acute Inflammation in Mice." Antioxidants 12, no. 3 (2023): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030572.

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Pelvic irradiation-induced mucositis secondarily leads to dysbiosis, which seriously affects patients’ quality of life after treatment. No safe and effective radioprotector or mitigator has yet been approved for clinical therapy. Here, we investigated the potential protective effects of fresh biomass of Limnospira indica PCC 8005 against ionizing irradiation-induced mucositis and dysbiosis in respect to benchmark probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103. For this, mice were supplemented daily before and after 12 Gy X-irradiation of the pelvis. Upon sacrifice, food supplements’ effi

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Yadav, Anu, Laurens Maertens, Tim Meese та ін. "Genetic Responses of Metabolically Active Limnospira indica Strain PCC 8005 Exposed to γ-Radiation during Its Lifecycle". Microorganisms 9, № 8 (2021): 1626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081626.

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Two morphotypes of the cyanobacterial Limnospira indica (formerly Arthrospira sp.) strain PCC 8005, denoted as P2 (straight trichomes) and P6 (helical trichomes), were subjected to chronic gamma radiation from spent nuclear fuel (SNF) rods at a dose rate of ca. 80 Gy·h−1 for one mass doubling period (approximately 3 days) under continuous light with photoautotrophic metabolism fully active. Samples were taken for post-irradiation growth recovery and RNA-Seq transcriptional analysis at time intervals of 15, 40, and 71.5 h corresponding to cumulative doses of ca. 1450, 3200, and 5700 Gy, respect

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26

Woldie, Ayirkm Adugna, Anupreet Kaur Chowdhary, Mutsumi Sekine, et al. "Growth characteristics and molecular identification of indigenous Limnospira strains from Ethiopian soda lakes as a protein source." Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 60 (September 2024): 103336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103336.

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27

Gholam, Sarah-Renée, Charlotte Segers, Mohamed Mysara, et al. "Limnospira indica PCC8005 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG Mixed Dietary Combination Reduces Pelvic Irradiation-Induced Symptoms in Mice." Applied Microbiology 3, no. 2 (2023): 448–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol3020031.

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Throughout their cancer treatments, around half of all patients will undergo irradiation that is accompanied by several side effects reducing their quality of life and leading to the interruption or extension of their treatment course. Pelvic irradiation leads to the triggering of mucositis and dysbiosis, further impairing the daily life of the patients. In this work, we address the ability of Limnospira indica strain PCC 8005 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103 in alleviating the above-mentioned side effects triggered by the local pelvic irradiation of 12 Gy in a mouse model. We fo

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28

Pinchart, Pierre-Etienne, Pia Marter, Henner Brinkmann, et al. "The genus Limnospira contains only two species, both unable to produce microcystins: L. maxima and L. platensis." iScience 28, no. 3 (2025): 112129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.112129.

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29

Baraldi, Luca, Luca Usai, Serenella Torre, et al. "Dairy Wastewaters to Promote Mixotrophic Metabolism in Limnospira (Spirulina) platensis: Effect on Biomass Composition, Phycocyanin Content, and Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Profile." Life 15, no. 2 (2025): 184. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15020184.

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This study explores the mixotrophic cultivation of Limnospira platensis using dairy byproducts, specifically scotta whey (SW), buttermilk wastewater (BMW), and dairy wastewater (DWW), to promote biomass production and enhance the composition of bioactive compounds. By assessing various concentrations (1%, 2%, and 4% v v−1) of these byproducts in a modified growth medium, this study aims to evaluate their effect on L. platensis growth, phycocyanin (C-PC) content, and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles. The results show that the optimal biomass production was achieved with 2% scotta and dai

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Ariza González, Anthony Ricardo, Alfredo de Jesus Jarma Orozco, Ana Isabel Pico Gonzalez, et al. "Efecto del extracto de <i>Limnospira maxima </i>sobre parámetros fisiológicos de Stevia <i>Stevia rebaudiana </i>Bert. y berenjena <i>Solanum melongena </i>L. bajo condiciones controladas." Temas Agrarios 28, no. 2 (2023): 178–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21897/qcvsnn05.

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A strategy that could partially or totally reduce the use of chemical synthesis fertilizers is the application of cyanobacteria with agricultural potential that promote plant growth, which powers them in the conception of a sustainable agriculture. The study evaluated the effect of four concentrations of an extract of Limnospira maxima (0, 4, 8, and 12 mg mL-1), on some physiological aspects of Stevia rebaudiana and Solanum melongena in house vegetation. Treatments were arranged under a complete random design and parameters of gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, biometric characteristics

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Ariza-González, Anthony Ricardo, Alfredo Jarma-Orozco, Juan de Dios Jaraba-Navas, et al. "Net Photosynthesis and Biomass Production in Stevia, Eggplant, and Cowpea Can Be Improved by Fertilization with Cyanobacteria (Limnospira maxima)." Horticulturae 9, no. 12 (2023): 1309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9121309.

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Conventional fertilizers often result in the accumulation of chemical residues in the environment with a significant threat to ecosystems, with leaching to the groundwater disrupting the delicate balance of ecosystems. To mitigate the adverse effects of chemical residues, we need new methods and the use of eco-friendly alternatives. Cyanobacteria could play a crucial role in sustainable agriculture by reducing the partial/complete use of synthetic fertilizers. This study assessed the impacts of different concentrations of Limnospira maxima extract on the physiological aspects of Vigna unguicul

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Rizzoli, Matteo, Giovanni Antonio Lutzu, Luca Usai, et al. "Photoautotrophic Batch Cultivation of Limnospira (Spirulina) platensis: Optimizing Biomass Productivity and Bioactive Compound Synthesis Through Salinity and pH Modulation." Marine Drugs 23, no. 7 (2025): 281. https://doi.org/10.3390/md23070281.

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This study investigates the effects of salinity and pH modulation on the growth, biochemical composition, and bioactive compound production of Limnospira platensis under photoautotrophic batch cultivation. Cultures were grown in cylindrical photobioreactors using modified Jourdan medium, with controlled variations in NaCl concentrations (0.2–10 g L−1) and pH levels (9–11) to simulate moderate environmental stress. Maximum biomass productivity (1.596 g L−1) was achieved at pH 11 with 10 g L−1 NaCl, indicating that L. platensis can tolerate elevated stress conditions. Phycocyanin (PC) content pe

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Samylina, Olga S. "Phototrophic communities of Kulunda Steppe soda lakes (Altai Region): history of algological studies and modern data." Issues of modern algology (Вопросы современной альгологии), no. 2(26) (2021): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33624/2311-0147-2021-2(26)-53-62.

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The Kulunda Steppe soda lakes are the only occurrence of hypersaline soda lakes in Russia. They are characterized by a variable hydrological regime with cyclic high-amplitude fluctuations of temperature and brine concentration. The algae of the Kulunda Steppe soda lakes were first studied by Soviet phycologists headed by N.N. Voronikhin in 1927–1932 and new taxa were described: algal genus Lochmiopsis Woronich. et Popova (later revised to Ctenocladus circinnatus Borzì) and cyanobacterial species Aphanocapsa salina Woronich., Synechocystis crassa Woronich., Trichormus (Anabaena) pseudovariabili

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Spínola, Maria P., Mónica M. Costa, and José A. M. Prates. "Analysing the Impact of Spirulina Intake Levels on Performance Parameters, Blood Health Markers and Carcass Traits of Broiler Chickens." Animals 14, no. 13 (2024): 1964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14131964.

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This systematic review examines the impact of varying Spirulina (Limnospira platensis) intake levels on broiler chickens, focusing on growth performance, blood health markers and carcass traits. The data revealed cumulative Spirulina intakes from 3.13 g to 521 g per bird (total feed consumed multiplied by its proportion in the diet) establish a cubic relationship between dosage and growth outcomes. Initial benefits peak and diminish with increased intake, with the optimal threshold for growth performance identified at 45 g per bird. Lower intakes between 14 g and 29 g per bird enhance blood he

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Sánchez-Parra, Elisabet, Soumia Boutarfa, and Marina Aboal. "Are Cyanotoxins the Only Toxic Compound Potentially Present in Microalgae Supplements? Results from a Study of Ecological and Non-Ecological Products." Toxins 12, no. 9 (2020): 552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12090552.

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Food supplements with microalgae are becoming increasingly abundant and can be easily found anywhere. The most popular products are based on cyanophytes, such as Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Arthrospira platensis and Limnospira maxima, or on chlorophytes, such as Chlorella or Haematoccus. Although they are all advertised as being very beneficial for health, these products might be harmful because they may contain cyanotoxins and other contaminants, and no information on production methods or strain origins is usually provided. While legislation on the presence of microcystins in waters for differ

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Ramos, Sergiana dos Passos, Monize Bürck, Stephanie Fabrícia Francisco da Costa, Marcelo Assis, and Anna Rafaela Cavalcante Braga. "Spirulina as a Key Ingredient in the Evolution of Eco-Friendly Cosmetics." BioTech 14, no. 2 (2025): 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/biotech14020041.

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Limnospira spp., commercially known as spirulina, is widely recognized for its remarkable benefits due to its rich composition of bioactive compounds like phycobiliproteins, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds. These natural bioactive compounds not only serve as colorants but also offer potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-aging properties. As a result, spirulina and its components are increasingly used in cosmetic formulations to promote skin hydration, reduce wrinkles, and protect against UV radiation damage. Its bioactive components en

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Guil-Guerrero, José L., and José A. M. Prates. "Microalgae Bioactives for Functional Food Innovation and Health Promotion." Foods 14, no. 12 (2025): 2122. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14122122.

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Microalgae are increasingly recognised as sustainable, nutrient-dense sources of bioactive compounds with broad health-promoting potential. Rich in carotenoids, phenolics, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phycobiliproteins, sterols, and essential vitamins, microalgae offer a promising foundation for functional foods targeting chronic disease prevention. This narrative review explores the nutritional profiles and biological effects of key species, including Spirulina (Limnospira platensis), Chlorella, Haematococcus, and Nannochloropsis. Scientific evidence supports their antioxidant, anti-inflammat

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Thajuddin, Fayaazuddin, Prakash Palanivel, Arutselvan Chithirai, et al. "Green synthesis of titanium oxide nanoparticles using aqueous extracts of Limnospira fusiformis and their multifunctional applications in biomedical and biodiesel production." Algal Research 89 (July 2025): 104082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2025.104082.

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Pokorny, Leo, Bela Hausmann, Petra Pjevac, and Michael Schagerl. "How to Verify Non-Presence—The Challenge of Axenic Algae Cultivation." Cells 11, no. 16 (2022): 2594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11162594.

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Many phycological applications require the growth and maintenance of pure algae cultures. In some research areas, such as biochemistry and physiology, axenic growth is essential to avoid misinterpretations caused by contaminants. Nonetheless, axenicity—defined as the state of only a single strain being present, free of any other organism—needs to be verified. We compare the available methods to assess axenicity. We first purified unialgal Limnospira fusiformis cultures with an established series of axenicity treatments, and by including two additional treatment steps. The presumable axenic cul

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Silkina, Alla, Mohamed A. Emran, Simon Turner, and Kam W. Tang. "Using Microalgae to Convert Brewery Carbon Gas Emissions into Valuable Bioproducts." Energies 17, no. 23 (2024): 6125. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17236125.

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The brewing industry is a major part of the agri-food sector, but its fermentation processes contribute significantly to global CO2 emissions, exacerbating the greenhouse gas crisis. Achieving net-zero emissions requires innovative solutions, and this study explored one such solution by using microalgae to capture CO2 from a brewery while simultaneously generating valuable bioproducts. Two microalgae species, Tetradesmus obliquus and Limnospira maxima, were cultivated in a 1000 L raceway and a 400 L tubular photobioreactor, both powered by the brewery’s CO2 waste gas. The specific growth rates

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Zhao, Chen, Fuqiang Li, Shigan Yan, et al. "Identification and activity assay in vivo and in vitro of novel antioxidant and anti-aging peptides from C-phycocyanin of Limnospira platensis." Algal Research 89 (July 2025): 104042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2025.104042.

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González-Portela, Ricardo E., Gabriel I. Romero-Villegas, Rahul V. Kapoore, et al. "Cultivation of Limnospira maxima under extreme environmental conditions in Saudi Arabia: Salinity adaptation and scaling-up from laboratory culture to large-scale production." Bioresource Technology 406 (August 2024): 131089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131089.

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Pistocchi, Rossella, Franca Guerrini, Silvana Vanucci, et al. "Good practices for the industrial cultivation of the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis under a greenhouse in a temperate zone (northern Italy)." Italian Botanist 18 (December 18, 2024): 193–214. https://doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.18.143333.

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Arthrospira, Spirulina, and Limnospira are cyanobacteria widely known as food supplements or additives and cultivated worldwide under the commercial name of spirulina. Many studies have been focused on the improvement of operational conditions for optimizing cell growth and harvesting. At present, greater attention is paid to obtaining a good-quality, possibly food-grade, product that can be added to different food formulations and to reducing the environmental impact by saving water and avoiding or minimizing the release of mineral salts in the environment. A few studies have addressed these

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Pistocchi, Rossella, Franca Guerrini, Silvana Vanucci, et al. "Good practices for the industrial cultivation of the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis under a greenhouse in a temperate zone (northern Italy)." Italian Botanist 18 (December 18, 2024): 193–214. https://doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.18.143333.

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<i>Arthrospira</i>, <i>Spirulina</i>, and <i>Limnospira</i> are cyanobacteria widely known as food supplements or additives and cultivated worldwide under the commercial name of spirulina. Many studies have been focused on the improvement of operational conditions for optimizing cell growth and harvesting. At present, greater attention is paid to obtaining a good-quality, possibly food-grade, product that can be added to different food formulations and to reducing the environmental impact by saving water and avoiding or minimizing the release of mineral salts in the environment. A few studies

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Harutyunyan, Baghish, Gunnar Mühlstädt, Leander Seibel, et al. "Algal biomass as a food and feed supplement: Process engineering analysis." Functional Foods in Health and Disease 15, no. 7 (2025): 380–95. https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v15i7.1662.

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Background: The global market for algae-based food and feed supplements is well-established and growing rapidly. The sector has grown fivefold since 2000. While microalgae products still hold a modest market share, the large-scale commercial production of microalgae as a primary source of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and other compounds remains in its early developmental stages. If successfully mass-produced, microalgae could make a significant contribution to global food and feed security. Objective: The study aims to compare the potential of selected algal strains as sustainable sources

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Roussel, Théotime, Sébastien Halary, Charlotte Duval, et al. "Monospecific renaming within the cyanobacterial genus Limnospira (Spirulina) and consequences for food authorization." Journal of Applied Microbiology, August 9, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jambio/lxad159.

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Abstract Aims The cyanobacterial genus, Limnospira (anc. Arthrospira Stizenberger ex Gomont 1892), commonly called ‘Spirulina’, is widely used for commercial purposes because of its high protein content and beneficial probiotic metabolites. Thus, the taxonomy of this genus is important because of its consequences for food applications. Methods and results We constructed a database with formation on all Limnospira strains plus new ones from 72 new French isolates. We used a polyphasic approach (phylogenetic, phylogenomic, presence or absence of coding DNA sequences, morphological and ultrastruc

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Roussel, Théotime, Cédric Hubas, Sébastien Halary, et al. "Limnospira (Cyanobacteria) chemical fingerprint reveals local molecular adaptation." Microbiology Spectrum, January 8, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01901-24.

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ABSTRACT Limnospira can colonize a wide variety of environments (e.g., freshwater, brackish, alkaline, or alkaline-saline water) and develop dominant and even permanent blooms that overshadow and limit the diversity of adjacent phototrophs, especially in alkaline and saline environments. Previous phylogenomic analysis of Limnospira allowed us to distinguish two major phylogenetic clades (I and II) but failed to clearly segregate strains according to their respective habitats in terms of salinity or biogeography. In the present work, we attempted to determine whether Limnospira displays metabol

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Sachdeva, Neha, Laurent Poughon, Olivier Gerbi, et al. "Ground Demonstration of the Use of Limnospira indica for Air Revitalization in a Bioregenerative Life-Support System Setup: Effect of Non-Nitrified Urine–Derived Nitrogen Sources." Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences 8 (August 9, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2021.700270.

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Long-duration human space missions require considerable amounts of water, oxygen, and nutritious biomass. Additionally, the space vehicles must be well equipped to deal with metabolic human waste. It is therefore important to develop life-support systems which make these missions self-sufficient in terms of water, food, and oxygen production as well as waste management. One such solution is the employment of regenerative life-support systems that use biological and chemical/physical processes to recycle crew waste, revitalize air, and produce water and food. Photosynthetic cyanobacteria Limnos

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Thajuddin, Fayaazuddin, Chandru Ashok, Shakena Fathima Thajuddin, Thajuddin Nooruddin, Dhanasekaran Dharumadurai, and Olubukola Oluranti Babalola. "Whole-genome sequence of Limnospira fusiformis NRMCF6962, isolated from lake water." Microbiology Resource Announcements, October 14, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mra.00855-24.

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ABSTRACT The economically important Cyanobacterial genus Limnospira is commercially utilized as a dietary supplement and nutraceutical agent. We present the whole-genome sequence of Limnospira fusiformis NRMCF6962 and was isolated from Kondakarla Ava Lake of Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

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Hicks, McKenna, Thuy-Khanh Tran-Dao, Logan Mulroney, and David L. Bernick. "De-novo Assembly of Limnospira fusiformis Using Ultra-Long Reads." Frontiers in Microbiology 12 (April 16, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.657995.

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The Limnospira genus is a recently established clade that is economically important due to its worldwide use in biotechnology and agriculture. This genus includes organisms that were reclassified from Arthrospira, which are commercially marketed as “Spirulina.” Limnospira are photoautotrophic organisms that are widely used for research in nutrition, medicine, bioremediation, and biomanufacturing. Despite its widespread use, there is no closed genome for the Limnospira genus, and no reference genome for the type strain, Limnospira fusiformis. In this work, the L. fusiformis genome was sequenced

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