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Journal articles on the topic 'Line congruences'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Izumiya, Shyuichi, Kentaro Saji, and Nobuko Takeuchi. "Singularities of line congruences." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics 133, no. 6 (December 2003): 1341–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308210500002973.

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A line congruence is a two-parameter family of lines in R3. In this paper we study singularities of line congruences. We show that generic singularities of general line congruences are the same as those of stable mappings between three-dimensional manifolds. Moreover, we also study singularities of normal congruences and equiaffine normal congruences from the viewpoint of the theory of Lagrangian singularities.

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2

TAŞ, Ferhat, and Osman GÜRSOY. "On the Line Congruences." International Electronic Journal of Geometry 11, no. 2 (November 30, 2018): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36890/iejg.545123.

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3

Arrondo, Enrique. "Line Congruences of Low Order." Milan Journal of Mathematics 70, no. 1 (September 1, 2002): 223–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00032-002-0008-4.

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4

Larochelle, Pierre M., Judy M. Vance, and John N. Kihonge. "Interactive Visualization of Line Congruences for Spatial Mechanism Design." Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2002): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1529211.

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This paper presents a framework for generating, representing, and interacting with the line congruences associated with four general finite poses. These line congruences are the solution space of spatial 4C mechanisms which will guide a moving body through the four prescribed poses. Hence, the contributions of this paper are applicable to developing interactive tools for designing spatial 4C mechanisms for four pose motion generation. Moreover, the strategies employed to address this difficult interactive visualization challenge are presented. The goal here being to facilitate future works which address other interactive visualization challenges. First, a methodology for generating a parameterized representation of the line congruences is reviewed. This is followed by strategies for visually representing the line congruences which are appropriate for both workstation and immersive virtual reality computer graphics. Next, strategies and supporting algorithms for interacting with the line congruences to obtain solution mechanisms with fixed links or coupler links in desired regions of the workspace are presented. The result is an intuitive interactive visual design methodology for generating and interacting with the line congruences associated with four general finite spatial poses for spatial 4C mechanism design. It is our desire that this effort, albeit focused upon the challenge of creating computer-aided design environments for spatial 4C mechanisms, will facilitate as well as motivate other efforts to address the inherent visualization and interaction challenges in designing three dimensional mechanical systems.

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5

Wang, J., C. Jiang, P. Bompas, J. Wallner, and H. Pottmann. "Discrete Line Congruences for Shading and Lighting." Computer Graphics Forum 32, no. 5 (August 2013): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cgf.12172.

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6

Frigerio, Emma, and Cristina Turrini. "On order-two line congruences in ? n." Archiv der Mathematik 55, no. 4 (October 1990): 412–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01198483.

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7

Кокарева, Я., and Ya Kokareva. "Synthesis of Equations For Ruled Surfaces With Two Curvilinear And One Rectangular Directrixes." Geometry & Graphics 6, no. 3 (November 14, 2018): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5bc454948a7d90.80979486.

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Ruled surfaces have long been known and are widely used in construction, architecture, design and engineering. And if from the technical point of view the developable surfaces are more attractive, then architecture and design successfully experiment with non-developable ones. In this paper are considered non-developable ruled surfaces with three generators, two of which are curvilinear ones. According to classification, such surfaces are called twice oblique cylindroids. In this paper has been proposed an approach for obtaining of twice oblique cylindroids by immersing a curve in a line congruence of hyperbolic type. Real directrixes of such congruence are a straight line and a curve. It has been proposed to use helical lines (cylindrical and conical ones) as a curvilinear directrix, and a helical line’s axis as the straight one. Then the congruence’s rectilinear ray will simultaneously intersect the helical line and its axis. Congruence parameters are the line’s pitch and the guide cylinder or cone’s radius. The choice of the curvilinear directrix is justified by the fact that the helical lines have found a wide application in engineering and architecture. Accordingly, the helical lines based surfaces can have a great potential. In this paper have been presented parametric equations of the considered congruences. The congruence equations have been considered from the point of view related to introducing a new curvilinear coordinate system. The obtained system’s coordinate surfaces and coordinate lines have been also studied in the paper. To extract the surface, it is necessary to immerse the curve in the congruence. To synthesize the equations has been used a constructive-parametric method based on the substitution of the immersed line’s parametric equations in the congruence equations according to a special algorithm. In the paper have been presented 5 examples for the synthesis of ruled surfaces equations such as the twice oblique cylindroid and their visualization. The method is universal and algorithmic, and therefore easily adaptable for the automated construction of surfaces with variable parameters of both the congruence and the immersed line.

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8

Özyilmaz, Emin, Yusuf Yayli, and Bahandir Tantay. "On Time-Like Line Congruences and Dual Spherical Areas on Lorentzian Spheres." Mathematical Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 103, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3318/pria.2003.103.1.9.

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9

Shepherd, Mary D. "Line congruences as surfaces in the space of lines." Differential Geometry and its Applications 10, no. 1 (January 1999): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0926-2245(98)00025-4.

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10

Areces, C., M. Campercholi, D. Penazzi, and P. Sánchez Terraf. "The lattice of congruences of a finite line frame." Journal of Logic and Computation 27, no. 8 (August 3, 2017): 2653–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exx026.

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11

DRAGOVIĆ, VLADIMIR, and MILENA RADNOVIĆ. "BILLIARD ALGEBRA, INTEGRABLE LINE CONGRUENCES, AND DOUBLE REFLECTION NETS." Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics 19, no. 3 (January 2012): 300–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1402925112500192.

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12

Doliwa, Adam. "Discrete asymptotic nets and W-congruences in Plücker line geometry." Journal of Geometry and Physics 39, no. 1 (July 2001): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0393-0440(00)00070-x.

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13

Ravani, B., and J. W. Wang. "Computer Aided Geometric Design of Line Constructs." Journal of Mechanical Design 113, no. 4 (December 1, 1991): 363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2912791.

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This paper develops a mathematical foundation for Computer Aided Design (CAD) of sculptured shapes based on line geometry. First, a new representation is presented for a line based on Plu¨cker coordinates that would allow specification of a line segment (rather than an infinite line) in an elegant manner and suitable for computational purposes. Then, methods are presented for geometric design of shape patches (here referred to as line constructs) by interpolating or approximating a set of control lines (rather than control points) using ruled surfaces, line congruences, and line complexes. The methods presented are general and allow utilization of different basis functions such as Be´zier, Cardinal, and B-spline bases. As Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) application of the theory, methods are developed for generation of offsets of ruled surfaces useful in Numerical Control (NC) milling and tool motion generation in the Wire Cut Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) operation.

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14

Kretov, M. "Complexes of elliptic cylinders with a characteristic manifold of the generator element in the form of coordinate straight lines." Differential Geometry of Manifolds of Figures, no. 50 (2019): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/0321-4796-2019-50-10.

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The complex (three-parameter family) of elliptic cylinders is investigated in the three-dimensional affine space, in which the characteristic multiplicity of the forming element consists of three coordinate axes. The focal variety of the forming element of the considered variety is geometrically characterized. Geometric properties of the complex under study were obtained. It is shown that the studied manifold exists and is determined by a completely integrable system of differential equations. It is proved that the focal variety of the forming element of the complex consists of four geometrically characterized points. The center of the ray of the straight-line congruence of the axes of the cylinder, the indicatrix of the second coordinate vector, the second coordinate line and one of the coordinate planes are fixed. The indicatrix of the first coordinate vector describes a one-parameter family of lines with tangents parallel to the second coordinate vector. The end of the first coordinate vector describes a one-parameter family of lines with tangents parallel to the third coordinate vector. The indicatrix of the third coordinate vector and its end describe congruences of planes parallel to the first coordinate plane. The points of the first coordinate line and the first coordinate plane describe one-parameter families of planes parallel to the coordinate plane indicated above.

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15

Сальков, Николай, and Nikolay Sal'kov. "General Principles for Formation of Ruled Surfaces. Part 3." Geometry & Graphics 7, no. 2 (August 15, 2019): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5d2c170ab37810.30821713.

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We continue to consider the formation of ruled surfaces with a single method of their formation. In the first and second parts have been introduced more than forty options for specifying surfaces. These formations with the help of guide lines and surfaces are considered in a new aspect – as formation in science and production of all of ruled surfaces. In this paper, we consider new options for specifying ruled surfaces. Generalized the task for torso surface. If in textbooks on descriptive geometry torso surface is given as 1∞ straight lines, tangent to the spatial line, the proposed version of the are considered three guides: two curves (surface) plus a plane touching to both curves (surfaces). It is shown that three guides are also required to set screw ruled surfaces. The concept of a limit ruled surface is introduced to determine the region of existence of ruled surfaces. The table of the simplest geometrical figures for obtaining congruences is given. A number of examples of congruences obtained by using two guides are given. All these examples once again confirmed the validity of the law of assignment of ruled surfaces using three guides and three geometric conditions characterizing the ratio of the forming line to these three guides. The three geometric conditions are the contact of the forming line to the guide surface and the intersection of the forming line with the guide line. The proposed task of ruled surfaces can be used in the consideration of ruled surfaces in lectures on descriptive geometry and other geometric disciplines.

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16

Schwab, Emil Daniel. "Gauge Inverse Monoids." Algebra Colloquium 27, no. 02 (May 7, 2020): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1005386720000152.

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The paper introduces a class of inverse (sub)monoids which contains Jones–Lawson’s gauge inverse (sub)monoid. The aim is to give examples and the basic properties of these monoids. Jones–Lawson’s gauge inverse monoid, as an inverse submonoid of the polycyclic monoid, is the prototype in our development line. The generalization leads also to Meakin–Sapir type results involving bijections between special congruences and special wide inverse submonoids.

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17

Soliman, M. A., and S. F. Hassanien. "The Klein correspondence of line congruences immersed in an elliptic spaceS 3 onto the hyperquadricP 4." Periodica Mathematica Hungarica 17, no. 2 (June 1986): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01849322.

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18

Hassanien, S. F. "On special line congruences and their Klein images on the absolutum of the 5-dimensional elliptic space." Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics 1, no. 2-3 (January 1998): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09720502.1998.10700249.

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19

GRIFFITHS, J. B., and J. PODOLSKÝ. "A NEW LOOK AT THE PLEBAŃSKI–DEMIAŃSKI FAMILY OF SOLUTIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 15, no. 03 (March 2006): 335–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271806007742.

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The Plebański–Demiański metric, and those that can be obtained from it by taking coordinate transformations in certain limits, include the complete family of space–times of type D with an aligned electromagnetic field and a possibly non-zero cosmological constant. Starting with a new form of the line element which is better suited both for physical interpretation and for identifying different subfamilies, we review this entire family of solutions. Our metric for the expanding case explicitly includes two parameters which represent the acceleration of the sources and the twist of the repeated principal null congruences, the twist being directly related to both the angular velocity of the sources and their NUT-like properties. The non-expanding type D solutions are also identified. All special cases are derived in a simple and transparent way.

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20

Sasaki, Takeshi, and Masaaki Yoshida. "Invariant theory for linear differential systems modeled after the grassmannian Gr(n, 2n)." Nagoya Mathematical Journal 171 (2003): 163–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0027763000025551.

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AbstractWe find invariants for the differential systems of rank 2n in n2 variables with n unknowns under the linear changes of the unknowns with variable coefficients. We look for a set of coefficients that determines the other coefficients, and give transformation rules under the linear changes above and coordinate changes. These can be considered as a generalization of the Schwarzian derivative, which is the invariant for second order ordinary differential equations under the change of the unknown by multiplying a non-zero function. Special treatment is done when n = 2: the conformal structure obtained through the Plücker embedding is studied, and a relation with line congruences is discussed.

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21

Kassandrov, Vladimir V., and Joseph A. Rizcallah. "Maxwell, Yang–Mills, Weyl and eikonal fields defined by any null shear-free congruence." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 14, no. 02 (January 18, 2017): 1750031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887817500311.

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We show that (specifically scaled) equations of shear-free null geodesic congruences on the Minkowski space-time possess intrinsic self-dual, restricted gauge and algebraic structures. The complex eikonal, Weyl 2-spinor, [Formula: see text] Yang–Mills and complex Maxwell fields, the latter produced by integer-valued electric charges (“elementary” for the Kerr-like congruences), can all be explicitly associated with any shear-free null geodesic congruence. Using twistor variables, we derive the general solution of the equations of the shear-free null geodesic congruence (as a modification of the Kerr theorem) and analyze the corresponding “particle-like” field distributions, with bounded singularities of the associated physical fields. These can be obtained in a straightforward algebraic way and exhibit nontrivial collective dynamics simulating physical interactions.

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22

POWELL, GEOFFREY. "ON THE DOUBLE TRANSFER AND THE f-INVARIANT." Glasgow Mathematical Journal 54, no. 3 (March 30, 2012): 547–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089512000158.

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AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the algebraic double S1-transfer, in particular the classes in the two-line of the Adams–Novikov spectral sequence which are the image of comodule primitives of the MU-homology of ℂP∞ × ℂP∞ via the algebraic double transfer. These classes are analysed by two related approaches: the first, p-locally for p ≥ 3, by using the morphism induced in MU-homology by the chromatic factorisation of the double transfer map together with the f′-invariant of Behrens (for p ≥ 5) (M. Behrens, Congruences between modular forms given by the divided β-family in homotopy theory, Geom. Topol.13(1) (2009), 319–357). The second approach (after inverting 6) uses the algebraic double transfer and the f-invariant of Laures (G. Laures, The topological q-expansion principle, Topology38(2) (1999), 387–425).

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23

CZÉDLI, GÁBOR, and EMIL W. KISS. "VARIETIES WHOSE TOLERANCES ARE HOMOMORPHIC IMAGES OF THEIR CONGRUENCES." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 87, no. 2 (August 8, 2012): 326–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972712000603.

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AbstractThe homomorphic image of a congruence is always a tolerance (relation) but, within a given variety, a tolerance is not necessarily obtained this way. By a Maltsev-like condition, we characterise varieties whose tolerances are homomorphic images of their congruences (TImC). As corollaries, we prove that the variety of semilattices, all varieties of lattices, and all varieties of unary algebras have TImC. We show that a congruence n-permutable variety has TImC if and only if it is congruence permutable, and construct an idempotent variety with a majority term that fails TImC.

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24

Shen, Erin Y. Y. "Congruences modulo 9 for singular overpartitions." International Journal of Number Theory 13, no. 03 (February 9, 2017): 717–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793042117500361.

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In a recent work, Andrews introduced the new combinatorial objects called singular overpartitions. He proved that these singular overpartitions can be enumerated by the partition function [Formula: see text] which denotes the number of overpartitions of [Formula: see text] in which no part is divisible by [Formula: see text] and only parts [Formula: see text] may be overlined. In this paper, we consider the function [Formula: see text] from an arithmetical point of view. We establish a number of Ramanujan-like congruences and a congruence relation modulo [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] by employing some generating function dissection techniques. With the aid of these congruences and the relation, we obtain two new infinite families of congruences modulo [Formula: see text] satisfied by [Formula: see text].

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25

SUN, ZHI-WEI, and DAQING WAN. "LUCAS-TYPE CONGRUENCES FOR CYCLOTOMIC ψ-COEFFICIENTS." International Journal of Number Theory 04, no. 02 (April 2008): 155–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793042108001286.

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Let p be any prime and a be a positive integer. For l, n ∈ {0,1,…} and r ∈ ℤ, the normalized cyclotomic ψ-coefficient [Formula: see text] is known to be an integer. In this paper, we show that this coefficient behaves like binomial coefficients and satisfies some Lucas-type congruences. This implies that a congruence of Wan is often optimal, and two conjectures of Sun and Davis are true.

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26

Abdel-Baky, Rashad A. "Time-like line congruence in the dual Lorentzian 3-space 𝔻13." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 16, no. 08 (August 2019): 1950126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887819501263.

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In this paper, we introduce a time-like line congruence which has the parameter ruled surfaces as principal ruled surfaces. Then we extend several well-known formulae of line congruence in the Euclidean 3-space to the Minkowski 3-space. Meanwhile, we report some geometric descriptions of these formulae. Finally, an example of application is introduced and described in detail.

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27

ALBA, DAVID, and LUCA LUSANNA. "GENERALIZED RADAR 4-COORDINATES AND EQUAL-TIME CAUCHY SURFACES FOR ARBITRARY ACCELERATED OBSERVERS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 16, no. 07 (July 2007): 1149–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021827180701064x.

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All existing 4-coordinate systems centered on the world-line of an accelerated observer are only locally defined, as for Fermi coordinates both in special and general relativity. As a consequence, it is not known how non-inertial observers can build equal-time surfaces which (a) correspond to a conventional observer-dependent definition of synchronization of distant clocks, and (b) are good Cauchy surfaces for Maxwell equations. Another type of coordinate singularities generating the same problems are those connected to the relativistic rotating coordinate systems used in the treatment of the rotating disk and the Sagnac effect. We show that the use of Hamiltonian methods based on 3+1 splittings of space–time allows one to define as many observer-dependent globally defined radar 4-coordinate systems as nice foliations of space–time with space-like hyper-surfaces admissible according to Møller (for instance, only the differentially rotating relativistic coordinate system, but not the rigidly rotating ones of non-relativistic physics, are allowed). All these conventional notions of an instantaneous 3-space for an arbitrary observer can be empirically defined by introducing generalizations of the Einstein ½ convention for clock synchronization in inertial frames. Each admissible 3+1 splitting has two naturally associated congruences of time-like observers: as a consequence every 3+1 splitting gives rise to non-rigid non-inertial frames centered on any one of these observers. Only for Eulerian observers are the simultaneity leaves orthogonal to the observer world-line. When there is a Lagrangian description of an isolated relativistic system, its reformulation as a parametrized Minkowski theory allows one to show that all the admissible synchronization conventions are gauge equivalent, as also happens in the canonical metric and tetrad gravity, where, however, the chrono-geometrical structure of space–time is dynamically determined. The framework developed in this paper is not only useful for a consistent description of the rotating disk, but is also needed for the interpretation of the future ACES experiment on the synchronization of laser-cooled atomic clocks and for the synchronization of the clocks on the three LISA spacecrafts.

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28

Tod, K. P. "Newtonian-like congruences." Classical and Quantum Gravity 16, no. 5 (January 1, 1999): 1479–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/16/5/302.

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29

Marques-Smith, M. Paula O., and R. P. Sullivan. "The ideal structure of nilpotent-generated transformation semigroups." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 60, no. 2 (October 1999): 303–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700036418.

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In 1987 Sullivan determined the elements of the semigroup N(X) generated by all nilpotent partial transformations of an infinite set X; and later in 1997 he studied subsemigroups of N(X) defined by restricting the index of the nilpotents and the cardinality of the set. Here, we describe the ideals and Green's relations on such semigroups, like Reynolds and Sullivan did in 1985 for the semigroup generated by all idempotent total transformations of X. We then use this information to describe the congruences on certain Rees factor semigroups and to construct families of congruence-free semigroups with interesting algebraic properties. We also study analogous questions for X finite and for one-to-one partial transformations.

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30

MešTrović, Romeo. "A Morley-Like Congruence Arising From Morley's Congruence." Mathematics Magazine 90, no. 2 (April 2017): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4169/math.mag.90.2.142.

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31

Pinto, Rogério M., Clecy N. T. Schmidt, Paulo S. O. Rodriguez, and Renata Solano. "Using principles of community participatory research." International Social Work 50, no. 1 (January 2007): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872807071482.

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English This article presents a five-step model for establishing participatory research reflecting the principles of collaboration between researchers and community partners. Theoretical discussion is illustrated from experience gained in the preliminary phases of an international research project on HIV/AIDS work in Brazil. The congruence with social work values is noted. French Cet article présente un modèle en cinque étapes d'établissement d'une recherche participative. Ce modèle reflète des principes de collaboration entre chercheurs et partenaires communautaires. L'expérience de la phase préparatoire d'un projet de recherche internationale en lien avec le travail se le VIH/SIDA au Brésil en illustre les fondements théoriques. La congruence avec le travail social est notée. Spanish Se presenta un modelo de cinco fases para establecer investigación participativa, modelo que refleja los principios de colaboración entre los investigardores y los miembros de la comunidad. La teoría se ilustra con la experiencia derivada de las fases preparatorias de un proyecto de investigación internacional sobre el VIH/SIDA en el Brasil. Se destaca la congruencia de tal proyecto con los valores éticos del trabajo social.

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32

Khaptsova, Alyona, and Shalom H. Schwartz. "Life Satisfaction and Value Congruence." Social Psychology 47, no. 3 (May 2016): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000268.

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Abstract. Congruence between own and reference group values promotes life satisfaction. Does this effect extend to value congruence with others with whom one does not interact but who share socio-demographic characteristics? We constructed 36 socio-demographic categories in a representative Russian national sample (N = 961). Correlations of individuals’ values with the mean value of their category indexed value congruence. Both a meta-analysis across the constructed groups and an individual level regression analysis confirmed a positive value congruence – life satisfaction effect. This effect held even when controlling for age, gender, education, religiosity, region, religion, and the 19 values on which the congruence score was based. Self-direction-action values moderated the effect: it was stronger the less important independence of action was to individuals.

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CHAN, HENG HUAT, SHAUN COOPER, and FRANCESCO SICA. "CONGRUENCES SATISFIED BY APÉRY-LIKE NUMBERS." International Journal of Number Theory 06, no. 01 (February 2010): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793042110002879.

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34

Khuhro, Rafique Ahmed, Niaz Ahmed Bhutto, and Irshad Hussain Sarki. "Failure of Brand Intoxication with the Mediating Effect of Ad Skepticism." Sukkur IBA Journal of Management and Business 2, no. 1 (March 28, 2018): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30537/sijmb.v2i1.90.

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Brands still have not intoxicated the all segments of customers, yet there are people who have motivations to escape from brand. This study explores the mediating role of ad skepticism between self-image congruency, product knowledge and brand escapism motivation. The other purpose is to see the direct relation of product knowledge and self-image congruency on brand escapism motivation. A Study of 267mobile phone users is conducted, who use iconic and less iconic mobile phone brands. Proposed relationships were empirically tested through SPSS and SPSS Macro for Multiple Mediation. People in Pakistan consider mobile phone brands as their social status, due to this their beliefs and disbeliefs about advertising and motivation in brand escapism are helpful to understand. Pakistan is a developing country, consumers are not so much brand conscious and do not pay attention to advertising issues like developed countries. Because of this mediating effect of ad skepticism is not supported. The results support the effects of self-image congruence and product knowledge on the brand escapism motivation but not on the ad skepticism.

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Hijab, Basim. "NEW INTERPRETATION OF THE EARTH’S MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECTS’ ON LIFE." Iraqi Geological Journal 53, no. 2C (September 30, 2020): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.53.2c.2rs-2020-09-02.

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The relationships of the Earth’s magnetic field intensity and time (the past 320 years) for many locations around the world are obtained, based on the IGRF-13 mathematical model. The results showed that each location on the earth surface has its magnetic intensity relation with time that reflects local variations. The sudden changes (magnetic anomalies) in the Earth’s magnetic field with time are natural phenomena, which are different from place to another. These magnetic anomalies are investigated for possible relationship to the historical records of the influenza pandemic outbreaks. The results showed clear congruences between the Earth’s magnetic anomalies and influenza outbreaks times. The congruences become clearer when comparing the highest magnetic anomaly intensity and the first outbreak location of the influenza pandemic. This is true for the recorded historical data since 1890 AD. It is not known how the changes in Earth’s magnetic field affect the virus’s outbreaks or evolution, but there is a clear relation that needs detailed studies.

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36

Dempsey, David, and Sam R. Dolan. "Waves and null congruences in a draining bathtub." International Journal of Modern Physics D 25, no. 09 (August 2016): 1641004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271816410042.

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We study wave propagation in a draining bathtub: a black hole analogue in fluid mechanics whose perturbations are governed by a Klein–Gordon equation on an effective Lorentzian geometry. Like the Kerr spacetime, the draining bathtub geometry possesses an (effective) horizon, an ergosphere and null circular orbits. We propose here that a ‘pulse’ disturbance may be used to map out the light-cone of the effective geometry. First, we apply the eikonal approximation to elucidate the link between wavefronts, null geodesic congruences and the Raychaudhuri equation. Next, we solve the wave equation numerically in the time domain using the method of lines. Starting with Gaussian initial data, we demonstrate that a pulse will propagate along a null congruence and thus trace out the light-cone of the effective geometry. Our new results reveal features, such as wavefront intersections, frame-dragging, winding and interference effects, that are closely associated with the presence of null circular orbits and the ergosphere.

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HESSAMI PILEHROOD, KH, T. HESSAMI PILEHROOD, and R. TAURASO. "CONGRUENCES CONCERNING JACOBI POLYNOMIALS AND APÉRY-LIKE FORMULAE." International Journal of Number Theory 08, no. 07 (August 28, 2012): 1789–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793042112501035.

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Let p > 5 be a prime. We prove congruences modulo p3-d for sums of the general form [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with d = 0, 1. We also consider the special case t = (-1)d/16 of the former sum, where the congruences hold modulo p5-d.

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SASAKI, Takeshi. "LINE CONGRUENCE AND TRANSFORMATION OF PROJECTIVE SURFACES." Kyushu Journal of Mathematics 60, no. 1 (2006): 101–243. http://dx.doi.org/10.2206/kyushujm.60.101.

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Ye, Jinhui, and Xiaoting Ye. "Adolescents' interpersonal relationships, self-consistency, and congruence: Life meaning as a mediator." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 48, no. 11 (November 4, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.9428.

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Self-consistency and congruence are indices used to measure individual mental health. We explored the correlations between interpersonal relationships, life meaning, self-consistency, and congruence in adolescents. Participants (N = 886) completed the Comprehensive Diagnosis Scale of Interpersonal Relationships, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire–Chinese Version, and the Self-Consistency and Congruence Scale. Results show there were strong positive correlations between participants' interpersonal relationships, life meaning, selfconsistency, and congruence. Further, life meaning mediated the connections between interpersonal relationships, self-consistency, and congruence. In addition to this indirect effect, interpersonal relationships directly affected participants' self-consistency and congruence. School- or individual-level interventions to help adolescents search for life meaning and improve interpersonal relationships could help improve their self-consistency and congruence.

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Gati, Itamar. "Pitfalls of Congruence Research: A Comment on Tinsley's “The Congruence Myth”." Journal of Vocational Behavior 56, no. 2 (April 2000): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1999.1740.

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Sun, Zhi-Hong. "Super congruences for two Apéry-like sequences." Journal of Difference Equations and Applications 24, no. 10 (September 6, 2018): 1685–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10236198.2018.1515930.

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Urch, Scott E., Benjamin A. Tritle, K. Donald Shelbourne, and Tinker Gray. "Axial Linear Patellar Displacement." American Journal of Sports Medicine 37, no. 5 (March 4, 2009): 970–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546508328596.

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Background The tools for measuring the congruence angle with digital radiography software can be difficult to use; therefore, the authors sought to develop a new, easy, and reliable method for measuring patellofemoral congruence. Hypothesis The linear displacement measurement will correlate well with the congruence angle measurement. Study Design Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods On Merchant view radiographs obtained digitally, the authors measured the congruence angle and a new linear displacement measurement on preoperative and postoperative radiographs of 31 patients who suffered unilateral patellar dislocations and 100 uninjured subjects. The linear displacement measurement was obtained by drawing a reference line across the medial and lateral trochlear facets. Perpendicular lines were drawn from the depth of the sulcus through the reference line and from the apex of the posterior tip of the patella through the reference line. The distance between the perpendicular lines was the linear displacement measurement. The measurements were obtained twice at different sittings. The observer was blinded as to the previous measurements to establish reliability. Measurements were compared to determine whether the linear displacement measurement correlated with congruence angle. Results Intraobserver reliability was above r2 = .90 for all measurements. In patients with patellar dislocations, the mean congruence angle preoperatively was 33.5°, compared with 12.1 mm for linear displacement (r2 = .92). The mean congruence angle postoperatively was 11.2°, compared with 4.0 mm for linear displacement (r2 = .89). For normal subjects, the mean congruence angle was —3° and the mean linear displacement was 0.2 mm. Conclusion The linear displacement measurement was found to correlate with congruence angle measurements and may be an easy and useful tool for clinicians to evaluate patellofemoral congruence objectively.

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Tinsley, Howard E. A. "The Congruence Myth Revisited." Journal of Vocational Behavior 56, no. 3 (June 2000): 405–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2000.1754.

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Vashisht, Devika, and Sreejesh S. "Impact of nature of advergames on brand recall and brand attitude among young Indian gamers: moderating roles of game-product congruence and persuasion knowledge." Young Consumers 16, no. 4 (November 16, 2015): 454–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/yc-03-2015-00512.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to enhance the knowledge of advertising effects of nature of advergame (game speed) on gamers’ brand recall and attitude. More specifically, this study investigates varying effects of game speed in advergames on young Indian gamers’ brand recall and attitudes under varied game-product congruence and persuasion knowledge conditions from attention, elaboration and persuasion perspectives. Design/methodology/approach – A 2 (nature of advergame: fast or slow) × 2 (game-product congruence: high or low) × 2 (persuasion knowledge: high or low) between-subject measures design is used. Experimental data were collected from 235 Indian graduate students. ANOVAs and MANOVA with pre-planned contrasts are used to test the hypotheses. Findings – The results indicate that for a slow-paced advergame, low game-product congruence result in high brand recall than high game-product congruence. For a fast-paced advergame, there is no difference in brand recall between low game-product congruence and high game-product congruence. Furthermore, findings reveal that for a slow-paced advergame with low game-product congruence, subjects with high persuasion knowledge report high brand recall and less favorable brand attitude than subjects with low persuasion knowledge. On the other hand, for a fast-paced advergame with low game-product congruence, there is no difference in brand recall and brand attitude between the subjects with high persuasion knowledge and the subjects with low persuasion knowledge. Practical implications – The findings of the study are very important for advertising practitioners, as selection of media that fit the advertised product with reference to the nature and content of the media is a planning strategy that has been widely used by media planners. Thus, if advertisers want to create high brand awareness by creating high brand memory, then slow-paced advergames with low congruent brand placements can be chosen as an effective in-game media strategy for online advertising. Additionally, game developers and marketers can plan and develop more effective advergames by taking into account the persuasion knowledge factor so that the implementation would have the strongest positive effect on consumers’ brand recall and brand attitude. Originality/value – This study contributes to the literature of non-traditional media advertising, specifically advergaming context by exploring the impact of nature of game and game-product congruence on gamers’ ad-persuasion. Also, this study is the first attempt to understand how the game speed and its boundary conditions influence gamers’ brand recall and attitude and in attention, elaboration and persuasion perspectives.

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Celik, Sadullah, and Emin Ozyilmaz. "On the blaschke trihedrons of a line congruence." New Trends in Mathematical Science 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.20852/ntmsci.2016115659.

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Kirkpatrick, Shane. "Life in a "Community of Congruence"." Teaching Theology & Religion 10, no. 3 (July 2007): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9647.2007.00358.x.

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Dewar, Michael. "Non-Existence of Ramanujan Congruences in Modular Forms of Level Four." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 63, no. 6 (December 1, 2011): 1284–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2011-027-x.

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AbstractRamanujan famously found congruences like p(5n+4) ≡ 0 mod 5 for the partition function. We provide a method to find all simple congruences of this type in the coefficients of the inverse of a modular form on Г1(4) that is non-vanishing on the upper half plane. This is applied to answer open questions about the (non)-existence of congruences in the generating functions for overpartitions, crank differences, and 2-colored F-partitions.

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Sun, Zhi-Hong. "Congruences involving binomial coefficients and Apery-like numbers." Publicationes Mathematicae Debrecen 96, no. 3-4 (April 1, 2020): 315–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5486/pmd.2020.8577.

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Morse, Jennifer Q., and Clive J. Robins. "Personality–life event congruence effects in late-life depression." Journal of Affective Disorders 84, no. 1 (January 2005): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2004.09.007.

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Koenig, M. E. D. "The congruence of deanship with other line management experience." Education for Information 12, no. 3 (July 1, 1994): 379–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/efi-1994-12304.

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