Relevant bibliographies by topics / Linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM)

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM)"

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Qu, Hong Chang, Ling Ling Chen, and Sheng Li Zhang. "Debonding Analysis between FRP-Concrete Interface with a Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics Approach." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 2306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.2306.

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A linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) approach to the debonding analysis of concrete beams strengthened with externally bonded fiber-reinforced-polymer (FRP) strips are studied. The analytical models based on the LEFM approach are presented and discussed. The fracture analysis has adopted the energy-release-rate approach and the J-integral formulation. In addition, an algorithm for the construction of the equilibrium path that describes the debonding process in the FRP strengthened beam has been developed. The approach and its applicability to the debonding analysis of the FRP strengthene
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Caputo, Francesco, Giuseppe Lamanna, L. Lanzillo, and Alessandro Soprano. "Numerical Investigation on LEFM Limits under LSY Conditions." Key Engineering Materials 577-578 (September 2013): 381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.577-578.381.

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In this work, a parametric numerical investigation on the plastic zone size and shape at the crack front of a through crack in a plate is presented. The thickness of the plate, the size of the crack and the applied remote load values are considered as parameters. The obtained results allow assessing the limits of the linear elastic fracture mechanics in presence of an extensive material yielding at the crack front and the relationship between the plastic zone size and other parameters of the elastic-plastic fracture mechanics theory is highlighted.
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Aliabadi, M. H. "Boundary Element Formulations in Fracture Mechanics." Applied Mechanics Reviews 50, no. 2 (1997): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3101690.

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This article reviews advances in the application of boundary element methods (BEM) to fracture mechanics which have taken place over the last 25 years. Applications discussed include linear, nonlinear and transient problems. Also reviewed are contributions using the indirect boundary element formulations. Over this period the method has emerged as the most efficient technique for the evaluation of stress intensity factors (SIF) and crack growth analysis in the context of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM). Much has also been achieved in the application to dynamic fracture mechanics. This
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Yang, Zheng, Wanlin Guo, and Quan Liang Liu. "Investigation on Stress and Strain Singularity in LEFM." Key Engineering Materials 306-308 (March 2006): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.306-308.31.

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Stress and strain singularity at crack-tip is the characteristic of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM). However, the stress, strain and strain energy at crack-tip may be infinite promoting conflicts with linear elastic hypothesis. It is indicated that the geometrical nonlinear near the crack-tip should not be neglected for linear elastic materials. In fact, the crack-tip blunts under high stress and strain, and the singularity vanishes due to the deformation of crack surface when loading. The stress at crack-tip may still be very high even though the singularity vanishes. The low bound o
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Han, Seok Yoon. "Shape Optimization of a Structure with a Crack for Prolonging Fatigue Life." Key Engineering Materials 261-263 (April 2004): 827–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.261-263.827.

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Shape optimization a cantilevered beam in mixed mode for prolonging fatigue life was accomplished by the linear elastic fracture mechanics and the growth-strain method. Linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) was used to evaluate the stress intensity factor and fatigue life. The growth-strain method was used to optimize a shape. From the results, it was found that the optimal shape of a cantilevered beam greatly prolongs their fatigue life, and the growth-strain method is an appropriate technique for shape optimization of a structure having a crack.
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JIMÉNEZ, STEPHEN, and RAVINDRA DUDDU. "On the evaluation of the stress intensity factor in calving models using linear elastic fracture mechanics." Journal of Glaciology 64, no. 247 (2018): 759–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jog.2018.64.

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ABSTRACTWe investigate the appropriateness of calving or crevasse models from the literature using linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM). To this end, we compare LEFM model-predicted stress intensity factors (SIFs) against numerically computed SIFs using the displacement correlation method in conjunction with the finite element method. We present several benchmark simulations wherein we calculate the SIF at the tips of water-filled surface and basal crevasses penetrating through rectangular ice slabs under different boundary conditions, including grounded and floating conditions. Our simula
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Yu, Hongju, Eric Rignot, Mathieu Morlighem, and Helene Seroussi. "Iceberg calving of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica: full-Stokes modeling combined with linear elastic fracture mechanics." Cryosphere 11, no. 3 (2017): 1283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1283-2017.

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Abstract. Thwaites Glacier (TG), West Antarctica, has been losing mass and retreating rapidly in the past few decades. Here, we present a study of its calving dynamics combining a two-dimensional flow-band full-Stokes (FS) model of its viscous flow with linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) theory to model crevasse propagation and ice fracturing. We compare the results with those obtained with the higher-order (HO) and the shallow-shelf approximation (SSA) models coupled with LEFM. We find that FS/LEFM produces surface and bottom crevasses that are consistent with the distribution of depth
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Orenes Moreno, Blanca, Andrea Bessone, Simone Solazzi, et al. "Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics Assessment of a Gas Turbine Vane." Materials 15, no. 13 (2022): 4694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15134694.

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This work assesses the crack propagation at the most critical point of a second stage of a gas turbine blade by means of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM). The most critical zone where the crack may nucleate, due to a combination of thermo-mechanical loads, is detected with an uncracked finite element (FE) model pre-analysis. Then the sub-modelling technique is used to obtain more precise results in terms of stresses within the area of interest. Simulations of the state of stress at the crack apex are performed through an FE model, using the Fracture Tool within ANSYS Workbench, and the
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Caputo, Francesco, A. de Luca, Giuseppe Lamanna, and Alessandro Soprano. "Numerical Study of a Plate with a Pre-Cracked Circular Notch." Key Engineering Materials 627 (September 2014): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.627.101.

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In the recent years, the study of the behaviour of damaged structures has been focused on cracked components in presence of an extensive material yielding at the crack tip; under this condition, linear elastic fracture mechanics theory (LEFM) is not able to describe the real plastic zone shape and size. Within this work, an extensive numerical analysis, based on elastic plastic fracture mechanics theory (EPFM), of the plastic zone size at the tip of a Mode I pre-crack at the notch edge in a plate is presented.
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Park, Cheol Woo, and David A. Lange. "Fracture Parameters and Post-Peak Behavior Evaluation under LEFM on Bonded Cement-Based Materials." Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (November 2006): 587–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.587.

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Fracture of bonded cement based materials is complicated due to not only bonding itself but also heterogeneous genuine nature of cement-based materials. This study investigates the fracture parameters that obtained from the mechanical fracture tests and the post-peak behavior of bonded cement-based materials. Fracture parameters were analyzed such as the critical stress intensity factor, the critical crack length and the critical crack tip opening displacement. In addition, this study defines a new fracture parameter, the critical crack opening angle, which describes a crack opening resistance
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM)"

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Lefranc, Maxime. "Fracture properties of Soft Materials : From Linear Elastic Fracture to damage at the microscopic scale." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112028/document.

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Notre nouvelle approche expérimentale consiste à étudier la fissuration de matériaux mous, principalement des gels polymériques et colloidaux, qui ont des tailles microstructurales micrométriques. Cette augmentation de la taille microscopique va avoir pour conséquence d’augmenter la taille de la zone de process et va rendre son observation plus facile avec des moyens standard de microscopie (à transmission et confocale).Pour se faire, nous avons mis au point un nouveau dispositif expérimental pour étudier la propagation de fissures dans des matériaux mous. Cette expérience permet de faire croî
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Zhang, Ziyang. "The application of modified linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) and its implication for tear strength development of fibrous materials." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1604416361486942.

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Amireghbali, Aydin. "Elastic Analysis Of A Circumferential Crack In An Isotropic Curved Beam Using Modified Mapping-collocation Method." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615675/index.pdf.

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The modified mapping-collocation (MMC) method is applied to analyze a circumferential crack in an isotropic curved beam. Based on the method a MATLAB code was developed to obtain the stress field. Incorporating the stress correlation technique, the opening and sliding fracture mode stress intensity factors (SIF)s of the crack for the beam under pure bending moment load case are calculated. The MMC method aims to solve two-dimensional problems of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) by combining the power of analytic tools of complex analysis (Muskhelishvili formulation, conformal mapping,
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Chung, Wai-Nang. "Fracture toughness and creep fracture studies of polyethylenes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46720.

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Peng, Xuan. "Isogeometric boundary element methods for linear elastic fracture mechanics." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/92543/.

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We develop in this work a procedure for obtaining the fatigue life of complex structures directly from Computer-Aided Design (CAD) data, without any mesh generation or regeneration as the cracks evolve. The method relies on a standard isogeometric boundary element method (IGABEM) where the same basis functions are used to both describe the geometry of the component and approximate the displacement and traction fields. The contributions of this work include: (1) Dual boundary integral equations have been applied to model 2D/3D fracture problems in the framework of IGA and that such simulations
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Prawoto, Yunan. "LEFM based analysis of the effect of tensile residual macrostress on fatigue crack propagation /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9974672.

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Li, Ji. "INVESTIGATION OF THE FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF PAPER UTILIZING A MODIFIED LINEAR ELASTIC FRACTURE MECHANICS MODEL." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1438342461.

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Laubie, Hadrien Hyacinthe. "Linear elastic fracture mechanics in anisotropic solids : application to fluid-driven crack propagation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82838.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2013.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 167-169).<br>Fracture mechanics is a field of continuum mechanics with the objective to predict how cracks initiate and propagate in solids. It has a wide domain of application. While aerospace engineers want to make sure a defect in a structure will not grow and possibly lead to failure, petroleum engineers try to increase the permeability of gas shale rocks by fracturing it. In this context, we in
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Esmen, Ekrem Alp 1977. "Three-dimensional mixed mode linear elastic fracture mechanics analysis using domain interaction integrals." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28377.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-111).<br>Three-dimensional mixed-mode linear elastic fracture mechanics analysis is presented using domain interaction integrals. An out-of-plane sinusoidal crack was analyzed using a commercially available finite element package to extract the stress intensity factors and the J-Integral. The results were then compared with those obtained from crack face relative displacements as a post-processing step. The model has been tested on various geometries and t
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Waryoba, Daudi C. Rigenda (Daudi Chacha Rigenda) Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Mechanical. "A linear elastic fracture mechanics study of the size effect on fatigue behaviour." Ottawa, 1990.

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Books on the topic "Linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM)"

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George C. Marshall Space Flight Center., ed. Linear elastic fracture mechanics primer. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, 1992.

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Pang, H. L. J. 2D test cases in linear elastic fracture mechanics. NAFEMS, 1992.

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Judge, R. C. B. Three dimensional test cases in linear elastic fracture mechanics. NAFEMS, 1993.

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Linear elastic fracture mechanics for engineers: Theory and applications. WIT Press, 2000.

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Pang, H. L. J. 2D test cases in linear elastic fracture mechanics (summary). NAFEMS, 1992.

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Saurer, G. Third Numerical Round Robin on Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics: Part 1 : Results of linear elastic fracture calculations. Swiss Federal Institute for Reactor Research, 1986.

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Ivanova, Jordanka. Geometric method for stability of non-linear elastic thin shells. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.

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Franco, Pastrone, ed. Geometric method for stability of non-linear elastic thin shells. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.

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B, Tomkins, Morgan H. G, Great Britain. Department of Energy., and United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority., eds. The Implications of the use of linear elastic fracture mechanics in the design and inspection of welded offshore structures: Reviewprepared by B. Tomkins and H.G. Morgan. HMSO, 1987.

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Pang, H. L. J. A linear elastic fracture mechanics assessment of the fatigue-crack-growth behaviour for a semi-elliptical surface crack in machined and welded specimens subjected to constant amplitude tension loading. National Engineering Laboratory, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM)"

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Farahmand, Bahram. "Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) and Applications." In Fracture Mechanics of Metals, Composites, Welds, and Bolted Joints. Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1585-2_2.

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Mahesha, B. K., D. Thulasi Durai, D. Karuppannan, and K. Dilip Kumar. "Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM)-Based Single Lap Joint (SLJ) Mixed-Mode Analysis for Aerospace Structures." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6002-1_5.

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Perez, Nestor. "Linear-Elastic Fracture Mechanics." In Fracture Mechanics. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24999-5_3.

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Perez, Nestor. "Linear-Elastic Field Equations." In Fracture Mechanics. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24999-5_4.

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Farahmand, Bahram, George Bockrath, and James Glassco. "Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics." In Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics of High Risk Parts. Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6009-8_3.

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Broek, David. "Linear elastic fracture mechanics." In The Practical Use of Fracture Mechanics. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2558-8_3.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_6923.

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Zehnder, Alan T. "Linear Elastic Stress Analysis of 2D Cracks." In Fracture Mechanics. Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2595-9_2.

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Gdoutos, Emmanuel E. "Linear Elastic Stress Field in Cracked Bodies." In Fracture Mechanics. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35098-7_2.

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Gdoutos, Emmanuel E. "Linear Elastic Stress Field in Cracked Bodies." In Fracture Mechanics. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8158-5_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM)"

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Malik, Muhammad Afzaal, Batool H. Sayyed, and Shahab Khushnood. "Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics." In 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49163.

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Crack propagation in materials can lead to catastrophic failures. The understanding of crack propagation in materials is of crucial importance in many industries, including nuclear, chemical and aeronautical applications. From an engineering point of view, fracture mechanics is used as a basis for predicting critical crack size, strength of a structure as a function of crack size, inspection requirements pertaining to size of an admissible crack and the period of time between inspections. It is usually required to determine the distribution of stresses and strains in a body that is subjected t
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Marlette, S. E. "Reactor Vessel Nozzle Inner Radius Fracture Analyses Using Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-85130.

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The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) published Section XI Code Case N-648-1 [1] in order to provide alternative examinations of reactor vessel nozzle inner radii. The Code Case was created because ultrasonic examination of the inner radius regions of reactor vessels nozzles is not practical within the operating fleet and the likelihood of flaws developing within these locations is extremely low. Justification for using alternative visual examinations was provided in a paper published at the 2001 Pressure Vessel and Piping (PVP) Technology Conference [2]. This 2001 PVP paper used
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El-Bagory, Tarek M. A. A., Hossam E. M. Sallam, and Maher Y. A. Younan. "Validation of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics in Predicting the Fracture Toughness of Polyethylene Pipe Materials." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45651.

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The main purpose of the present paper is to compare between the fracture toughness based on linear elastic fracture mechanics (GIC), and that based on nonlinear fracture mechanics (JIC). The material of the investigated pipe is a high-density polyethylene (HDPE), which is commonly used in natural gas piping systems. The welds at the pipe junction are produced by butt-fusion (BF), welding. Curved three-point bend (CTPB), fracture specimens are used. The crosshead speed ranged from 5 to 500 mm/min and specimen thickness ranged from 9 to 45mm for both welded and unwelded specimens at room tempera
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Zhang, Ying, Tsuchin Chu, and Ajay Mahajan. "Short Crack Growth Model in a Particulate Composite Using Nonlinear Elastic Fracture Mechanics." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42029.

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The fracture mechanics model for a long crack does not work very well with short-crack propagation when the initial crack length is less than 5.1 mm (0.2 inch). In order to investigate the short crack effect, a series of tests of particulate composite specimens with long and short cracks were performed and the results recorded on a video tape. This test data was analyzed to determine the fracture parameters. Two initial crack lengths, 2.5 mm (0.1 inches) and 7.6 mm (0.3 inches) were used in the crack propagation tests. Based on the principle of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM), the str
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Keller, Scott. "A Practical Approach to Implementing Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics in Gas Turbine Rotor Disk Analyses." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-43303.

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The failure of vital components is not uncommon in the gas turbine industry. In the event excessive degradation occurs within a component, e.g. extensive cracking in a turbine blade or vane, solutions exist to either repair or replace defective parts. Such parts are readily accessible and mostly exchangeable in the field, limiting the amount of outage time and assessment required for defective parts. When more critical components exhibit extreme wear or cracking, e.g. a crack in a rotor disk, repairs typically necessitate a complete rotor destack and refurbishment or have the potential to requ
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Gonzalez, Marco, Paulo Teixeira, Jeanette Gonzalez, and Raul Machado. "Numerical Analysis of Fracture Mechanics of SENB Specimens Prepared From HDPE Pipes." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28718.

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High density polyethylene (HDPE) is commonly used in pipe fabrication for water and natural gas systems, due to its versatility, low cost and lightweight. A piping system is subject to service conditions such as impact and cyclic loads as a consequence of internal pressure or external pressure fluctuations, and the existence of discontinuities in the material. These conditions cause material damage, cracking and weakening, and have to be considered in the piping design. The Boundary Element Method (BEM) is a numerical method based on integral equations that consider only the contour of the sol
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Cheng, Shao-Huan, and C. T. Sun. "Applicability of Continuum Fracture Mechanics in Atomistic Systems." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63478.

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Stress intensity factor is one of the most significant fracture parameters in linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM). Due to its simplicity, many researchers directly employed this concept to explain their results from molecular simulation. However, stress intensity factor defines the amplitude of the singular stress, which is the product of continuum elasticity. Under atomistic systems without the stress singularity, the concept of stress intensity factor must be examined. In addition, the difficulty of studying the stress intensity factor in atomistic systems may be traced back to the ambi
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Smith, Michael C., Peter J. Bouchard, Martin R. Goldthorpe, and Didier Lawrjaniec. "Fracture Margins for Growing Cracks in Weld Repairs." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71776.

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The residual stress field around a single-pass weld filling a slit in a thin rectangular plate has been simulated using both 2D ABAQUS and 3D SYSWELD finite element models, with good agreement between the two codes. Through-wall cracks of varying lengths have been inserted into the plate along the weld centre-line, and the non-linear crack driving force due to residual stress evaluated using three formulations of the J-integral: the standard ABAQUS J, the G-theta approach coded into SYSWELD, and a modified J-integral, Jmod, that retains its path independence under non-proportional loading. Cra
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Sommerville, Daniel V., Hardayal Mehta, Robert Carter, and Jonathon Kubiak. "In-Service Inspection Strategy for Alloy X-750 BWR Jet Pump Beams Based Upon Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics Analysis." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77131.

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Jet pumps in a boiling water reactor (BWR) are located in the annulus region between the core shroud and the reactor vessel wall and provide core flow to control reactor power. Between 16 and 24 jet pumps are included in BWR/3 through BWR/6 plants, depending on the plant rating. The inlet mixer assembly of the jet pump is secured in place with a hold down mechanism called a jet pump beam. This beam is fabricated of alloy X-750 and tensioned to 58–74% of the yield stress of the material, depending on the beam design. In recent years, more attention has been placed upon inter-granular stress cor
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Johnson, Spencer, Boyden Williams, and Christopher Palm. "Damage Tolerance Assessment of Multi-Hull Aluminum Vessels Using Global Finite Element Methods." In SNAME International Conference on Fast Sea Transportation. SNAME, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/fast-2021-028.

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As aluminum high-speed multi-hulls continue to grow in size, capacity and operational sea state, a need is growing to understand the damage tolerance of these structures. This paper presents a Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) approach to performing damage tolerance assessments of aluminum hull structures using the hydrodynamic analysis and global finite element model developed as part of a class Dynamic Loading Approach (DLA) notation. The LEFM approach is used to calculate the stress intensity factor (K) and the critical crack length throughout the model to screen the entire hull stru
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Reports on the topic "Linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM)"

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Kirk. L51737 Development of Modeling Procedures for Branch Welds. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010122.

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One major difficulty in developing fitness-for-purpose based flaw acceptance criteria for pipeline branch connections is the calculation of the stress distributions in the vicinity of the welds. Even with the latest computer-aided modelling technologies, finite element modeling of branch connections using three-dimensional (3-D) solid elements is the only way to accurately determine the stress distributions local to the weld toes of branch connections. This report describes work to access the applicability of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) principles to a saddle-pad reinforced branch
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Yuan, Rong. The Relationships between Weight Functions, Geometric Functions,and Compliance Functions in Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/901678.

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Denys, R. M. L51712 Fracture Behavior of Large-Diameter Girth Welds - Effect of Weld Metal Yield Strength Part II. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010121.

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Abstract:
Fitness for purpose girth defect assessments assume the presence of a single defect. This assumption is not always fulfilled. Welds may contain many small defects. These defects, when considered individually and without interaction, are generally innocuous. However, this may be a false conclusion as to the true strength or deformation capacity of the weld because neighbouring imperfections or defects may interact and may be more severe than each individual imperfection. When non-destructive examinations reveal multiple defects, a defect recategorisation procedure has to be applied to determine
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4

Denys, Waele, and Lefevre. L52239 Input to Code Revision for Interaction of Girth Weld Defects under Plastic Collapse Conditions. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011348.

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Abstract:
A pipeline girth weld may contain one single or multiple defects. If discrete multiple notches occur, current codes define by applying proximity rules the defect dimensions to be used in an ECA. The defect interaction rules contained in pipeline specific standards are based on linear elastic fracture mechanics with conservative approximations. Similar solutions for failure by plastic collapse are non-existent. In this study, using experimental data of wide plate tests, interaction criteria for ductile girth welds containing multiple coplanar surface breaking defects are proposed. Based on a si
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