Relevant bibliographies by topics / Linear electric actuator

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Linear electric actuator'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Linear electric actuator"

1

Kedzierski, Jakub, and Eric Holihan. "Linear and rotational microhydraulic actuators driven by electrowetting." Science Robotics 3, no. 22 (September 19, 2018): eaat5643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.aat5643.

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Microhydraulic actuators offer a new way to convert electrical power to mechanical power on a microscale with an unmatched combination of power density and efficiency. Actuators work by combining surface tension force contributions from a large number of droplets distorted by electrowetting electrodes. This paper reports on the behavior of microgram-scale linear and rotational microhydraulic actuators with output force/weight ratios of 5500, cycle frequencies of 4 kilohertz, <1-micrometer movement precision, and accelerations of 3 kilometers/second2. The power density and the efficiency of the actuators were characterized by simultaneously measuring the mechanical work performed and the electrical power applied. Maximum output power density was 0.93 kilowatt/kilogram, comparable with the best electric motors. At maximum power, the actuator was 60% efficient, but efficiencies were as high as 83% at lower power. Rotational actuators demonstrated a torque density of 79 newton meters/kilogram, substantially more than electric motors of comparable diameter. Scaling the droplet pitch from 100 to 48 micrometers increased power density from 0.27 to 0.93 kilowatt/kilogram, validating the quadratic scaling of actuator power.
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Wang, Tianyi, Zongxia Jiao, and Liang Yan. "Efficiency analysis of moving-magnet linear oscillating motor with dual-resonance for linear electro-hydrostatic actuator." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 231, no. 13 (November 25, 2016): 2487–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410016677332.

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More-electric aircraft draws considerable attention due to its high efficiency, high reliability, and easy maintenance. Linear electro-hydrostatic actuator is a novel linear actuation system suitable for more-electric aircraft, and offers many advantages over traditional rotary electro-hydrostatic actuator. However, it requires high-frequency reciprocate actuation of linear oscillating motors with both high efficiency and high power factor. In this study, a novel moving-magnet tubular linear oscillating motor with dual-resonance is proposed for linear electro-hydrostatic actuator applications to achieve high efficiency and high power factor simultaneously. Firstly, system impedance model is set up analytically, which helps to analyze the influence of structure parameters on system performance. Based on this model, working efficiency and power factor are compared with the nonresonance design, and validated by experimental results. In order to take real scenario into considerations, the nonlinearity of motor and rectangular-type load is also analytically derived and analyzed with effective resonant frequency tracking method proposed. It shows that dual-resonance design does increase system efficiency and power factor, and can be applied in linear electro-hydrostatic actuator system for more-electric aircraft effectively.
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Guenfaf, L., and S. Allaoua. "Performance Studies of Linear Quadratic AMD Controller for Civil Engineering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 346 (August 2013): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.346.95.

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In this paper a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) with and without actuator dynamic model for an electric-type active mass driver (AMD) system for structural vibration control has been developed. The electric-type active mass driver (AMD) system is composed primarily of an electric servomotor and a ball screw, the electrical AMD system is free from noise problems, oil leakage, and labor-intensive maintenance that commonly are associated with hydraulic AMD systems. The desired stroke amplification of the mass and the power demand of the servomotor can be adjusted via the ball screw pitch, which affects the effectiveness and efficiency of the system. The AMD system performances without and with introduction of the actuators dynamic model are explored. The reductions of the peak responses can reach as high as 65% if the actuator is properly chosen. And the proposed system is recommended for practical implementation.
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Oerbandono, Tjuk, and Hari Budiarto. "Response of Grip Force as Effect of Electrics Power Input at Gripper Actuator of NiTi SM495 Wire." Applied Mechanics and Materials 493 (January 2014): 564–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.493.564.

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Gripper is mechanism that mounted on the end of the robot arm and used to hold an object and move it to a certain position. Generally, classical gripper is equipped with the driving motor (electric, pneumatic, fluid power) to move the gripper mechanism. In this research, the function of driving motor replaced with gripper motor actuators made of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) of Nickel Titanium (NiTi) wire type SM495. Problem studied is response of grip force of gripper to varied electrics power input that given to the actuator of gripper made of NiTi SM495 wire. This is a real experimental research using parameters electrical power input which is obtained by varying the applied electric voltage 3, 6, 9, 12 Volt and constant electric current 5 A. Linear springs with various springs constants of 0.14 N/mm; 0.49 N/mm; 0.981 N/mm; 1.308 N /mm were used for measuring grip force of gripper. The obtained data then analyzed using statistics (analysis of variance). The results showed that the electrical power which given to the NiTi based actuator significantly influenced the grip force of gripper.Keywords: actuators, electric power, grip force, gripper, Nickel Titanium,Shape Memory Alloys, SM495 wire
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Qiao, Guan, Geng Liu, Zhenghong Shi, Yawen Wang, Shangjun Ma, and Teik C. Lim. "A review of electromechanical actuators for More/All Electric aircraft systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, no. 22 (December 28, 2017): 4128–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217749869.

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Conventional hydraulic actuators in aircraft systems are high maintenance and more vulnerable to high temperatures and pressures. This usually leads to high operating costs and low efficiency. With the rapid development of More/All Electric technology, power-by-wire actuators are being broadly employed to improve the maintainability, reliability, and manoeuvrability of future aircraft. This paper reviews the published application and development of the airborne linear electromechanical actuator. First, the general configuration, merits, and limitations of the gear-drive electromechanical actuator and the direct-drive electromechanical actuator are analysed. Second, the development state of the electromechanical actuator testing systems is elaborated in three aspects, namely the performance testing based on room temperature, testing in a thermal vacuum environment, and iron bird. Common problems and tendencies of the testing systems are summarized. Key technologies and research challenges are revealed in terms of fault-tolerant motor, high-thrust mechanical transmission, multidisciplinary modelling, thermal management, and thermal analysis. Finally, the trend for future electromechanical actuators in More/All Electric Aircraft applications is summarized, and future research on the airborne linear electromechanical actuators is discussed.
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Yarali, Ebrahim, Reza Noroozi, Armin Yousefi, Mahdi Bodaghi, and Mostafa Baghani. "Multi-Trigger Thermo-Electro-Mechanical Soft Actuators under Large Deformations." Polymers 12, no. 2 (February 23, 2020): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12020489.

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Dielectric actuators (DEAs), because of their exceptional properties, are well-suited for soft actuators (or robotics) applications. This article studies a multi-stimuli thermo-dielectric-based soft actuator under large bending conditions. In order to determine the stress components and induced moment (or stretches), a nominal Helmholtz free energy density function with two types of hyperelastic models are employed. Non-linear electro-elasticity theory is adopted to derive the governing equations of the actuator. Total deformation gradient tensor is multiplicatively decomposed into electro-mechanical and thermal parts. The problem is solved using the second-order Runge-Kutta method. Then, the numerical results under thermo-mechanical loadings are validated against the finite element method (FEM) outcomes by developing a user-defined subroutine, UHYPER in a commercial FEM software. The effect of electric field and thermal stimulus are investigated on the mean radius of curvature and stresses distribution of the actuator. Results reveal that in the presence of electric field, the required moment to actuate the actuator is smaller. Finally, due to simplicity and accuracy of the present boundary problem, the proposed thermally-electrically actuator is expected to be used in future studies and 4D printing of artificial thermo-dielectric-based beam muscles.
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Xiong, Shaoping, Gabriel Wilfong, and John Lumkes. "Development of a novel high-speed actuation mechanism using a magneto-rheological fluid clutch and its application to a fluid control valve." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 30, no. 16 (July 28, 2019): 2502–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x19862368.

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In many dynamic systems, such as vehicles, engine air and fuel control systems, fluid power systems, industrial robotics, and testing machines, high-speed actuators are necessary to achieve efficient system operation and high bandwidth performance. This article introduces a new actuation mechanism to enable high-speed actuation. The premise for this actuation mechanism is to momentarily couple a moving component (kinetic energy source) with translational components, which is enabled by a coupling/clutch system. The kinetic energy source (flywheel, electric motor, pump or motor shaft, etc.) is intermittently clutched and declutched to produce linear motion. This article presents such an energy coupler actuator using a magneto-rheological fluid clutch, initially focused on an application for high-speed valve actuation. A multi-physics coupled model was developed to evaluate the proposed energy coupler actuator performance. Simulations were conducted to optimize the energy coupler actuator design parameters. A prototype of the magneto-rheological fluid energy coupler actuator based on the optimal design solution was fabricated and experimentally tested, which achieved 1.6-mm stroke in 4.7 ms.
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Wiens, Travis, and Brendan Deibert. "A Low-Cost Miniature Electrohydrostatic Actuator System." Actuators 9, no. 4 (December 4, 2020): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act9040130.

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Hydraulic linear actuators dominate in high power applications but are much less common in low power (<100 W) systems. One reason for this is the cost: electric actuators in this power range generally exhibit lower performance but are also much less expensive than hydraulic systems. However, in recent years, some miniature hydraulic components have been mass produced, driving down prices. This paper presents the application of these low-cost components, together with a novel very low-cost 3D-printed valve to create an electrohydrostatic actuator. Capable of very high power and force density, this system is competitive on cost with lower-performing electric actuators. This paper presents models for the system’s performance, as well as experimental validation data.
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Song, Lee, Park, and Baek. "Design and Performance of Nonlinear Control for an Electro-Hydraulic Actuator Considering a Wearable Robot." Processes 7, no. 6 (June 21, 2019): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7060389.

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In the development of a wearable robot, compact volume size, high energy efficiency, and a high load capacity linear actuator system are necessary. However, conventional hydraulic actuator systems are difficult to apply to wearable robots. Also, they have nonlinearities because of the presence of hydraulic fluid in a single rod cylinder. Electric linear actuators resolve the problems of hydraulic systems. However, due to their low load capacity, they are not easy to apply to wearable robots. In this paper, a pump-controlled electro-hydraulic actuator (EHA) system that considers the disadvantages of the hydraulic actuator and electric actuator is proposed for a wearable robot. Initially, a locking circuit design is considered for the EHA to give the system load holding capacity. Based on the developed model, the adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC) scheme is designed to resolve the nonlinearity problem of changes in the dynamic system. The ASMC scheme is then modeled and verified with Simulink. In order to verify the performance of the proposed adaptive control with the model, experiments are conducted. The proposed EHA verifies that the ASMC reaches the target value well despite the existence of many model uncertainties.
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Hermawan, Setiyo, and Heru S. B. Rochardjo. "Preliminary Design of Electric Linear Actuator for Hospital Bed Domestic Product." Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing 4, no. 1 (June 23, 2022): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jmdt.63146.

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Nowadays, the need for linear actuator as a component of a hospital bed is increasing due to the growing needs of electric bed. The function of this component is to adjust the form of the bed for the patient’s comfort. However, the producers of the local hospital bed mostly rely on foreign products. To reduce the production cost, an effort was made to design a low cost yet functional electric linear actuator. The actuator using basic components, consists of a DC motor, transmission, and screw mechanism. Stainless steel pipe with outer diameter of 26 mm was used for the body of the actuator. The performance of the actuator was tested by applying gradual loading with variations on the stroke. It was shown that the the actuator works well in varying loads from 0 to 150 kg with varying stroke from 0 to 19 cm.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Linear electric actuator"

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Pang, Zhoubao. "Modeling, Analysis, and Experimental Validation of an Electric Linear Series Elastic Actuator for an Exoskeleton." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99159.

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Exoskeletons and humanoid robots require high-power, low-weight, and back-driveable actuators. This paper describes the design and analysis of a high-force linear series elastic actuator for a lower body exoskeleton. The actuator is powered by two motors and utilize a liquid cooling system to increase its maximum continuous torque. The actuator is capable of outputting a maximum continuous force of 4800N and a maximum speed of 0.267 m/s with a maximum continuous motor current of 18A. The Titanium leaf spring was used in the actuator to provide compliance. The spring has a median stiffness of 587 N/mm with standard deviation of 38 N/mm, validated by experiments. Dynamic model was created to analyze the normal modes and can be used for developing model-based controllers.
Master of Science
Compliant Linear actuators with ball screw have become popular for humanoids robots and exoskeleton. The use of ball screw lead to high efficiency, high gear ratio and high back-drivability. The compliance or the ''softness'' of the actuator comes from Titanium leaf spring, which can storage energy during gait cycle and protect motor and the ball screw from impacts of walking. The custom liquid cooling system improves the force density for the actuator. Beam theory analysis, heat transfer analysis, and dynamics analysis were performed to provides insights for the actuator system.
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Padilla, Cesar, Aida Vivanco, Leonardo Vinces, and Mirko Klusmann. "Design of a multi-hole cylindrical extruder, driven by a linear actuator and used for the formation of bakery dough." Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656628.

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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.
The present work proposes a solution for the conditioning of bakery dough with the purpose of reducing costs by replacing manual work with a mechanized system that will be a piston extruder. In the process, the mass will be contained within a 304 stainless steel prismatic matrix with multiple outlet openings for optimization of the production line. The mechanical properties of bread dough were studied for the design of the platform and the estimation of the necessary compression force. A linear actuator was used, which exerts a compression force of 6 kN, which maximum linear speed is 5 mm/s. Validation of results will be carried out through simulated tests with a density mass of 1452.9 kg/m3. The system is composed of a linear actuator that performs the function of an extruder, followed by a pneumatic wire cutter. The process continues with a conveyor belt and ends with the injection of sesame seeds.The fundamental contribution is in the design of the extrusion chamber, since it allows the flow of the mass leaving minimal residue.
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Červínek, David. "Zařízení pro testování malých elektrických motorů a lineárních aktuátorů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-378725.

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Aktuální postup testování je příliš zdlouhavý a nepřesný, zároveň není měření některých vlastností motoru vůbec možné. Hlavním úkolem zařízení je zrychlení a zjednodušení procesu testování spolu s možností otestovat všechny vlastnosti motorů. Realizace zařízení začala definováním požadavků zákazníka, dalším krokem byla analýza daných požadavků a návrh zařízení. Následovala výroba a programovaní firmwaru spolu se softwarem. Výsledkem práce je funkční přístroj schopný automatického testování sedmi základních typů motorů, měření všech požadovaných funkcí spolu s novou možností měření počtu tiků enkodéru, periody FG signálu z řídící elektroniky BLDC motorů a napěťové úrovně těchto signálů. Dalšími rozšířeními jsou možnost uložení výsledků z uskutečněných testů pro možné budoucí využití a možnost vizualizace proudu motorem. Uživatel je tedy schopný otestovat velké množství motorů v kratším časovém úseku a zároveň se o testovaných motorech dozvědět mnohem více informací než doposud.
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Samatham, Ravikant V. "Sub-micron diameter electrospun polyacrylonitrile fibers as potential linear actuator." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2004. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1433623.

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Ho, Eric. "Linear Macro-Micro Positioning System Using a Shape Memory Alloy Actuator." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/816.

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The use of high-precision automated equipment is steadily increasing due in part to the progressively smaller sizes of electronic circuits. Currently, piezoelectric transducers (piezos) dominate as the actuation device for high precision machines, but shape memory alloys (SMA) may be a viable alternative to reduce monetary costs. This work explores the implementation of a low-cost linear macro-micro positioning system. The system consists of a modified printer carriage to provide long range, macro scale linear motion (approximately 200 mm range and 200 µm precision) and a micro scale system (approximately 4 mm range and 5 µm target precision) that uses an SMA actuator. A detailed description of the design and implementation of the system is given in this research. A model of the macro-stage is then generated by first identifying and inverting a simple friction model to linearize the system, thereby allowing for modified least squares (MLS) identification of a linear model. Various controllers are attempted for the macro-stage and compared with an experimentally tuned nonlinear PD controller that is implemented in the final design. A model of the micro-stage is derived through analysis of the SMA actuator. The model for the actuator is separated into two portions, an electro-thermal model, and a hysteresis model. The hysteresis model is derived using the Preisach model, and the electro-thermal model through MLS identification. To control the micro-stage, a PI controller with antiwindup is developed experimentally. The two stages are then executed together in closed loop and the resulting coupling between the two stages is briefly examined. Experimental data used for the modelling and design is presented, along with results of the final macro-micro linear positioning system.
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ALBUQUERQUE, ALLAN NOGUEIRA DE. "DYNAMICS AND CONTROL OF PARALLEL MECHANISMS: CLOSED ANALYTICAL MODEL, INERTIAL TRANSDUCERS AND LINEAR ELECTRIC ACTUATORS INTEGRATION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=30894@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Mecanismos são essencialmente (mas não exclusivamente) compostos por vários corpos rígidos que possuem movimento relativo entre si. Cada corpo rígido está ligado através de uma junta a um ou mais corpos, sendo a sequência de corpos conectados chamada de cadeia cinemática. Cadeias cinemáticas abertas (ou em série) não têm restrições sobre uma de suas extremidades, já cadeias fechadas (ou paralelas) têm restrições em ambas as extremidades. O foco neste trabalho será dado no estudo de mecanismos com cadeias cinemáticas fechadas ou mecanismos paralelos. Assim, este trabalho apresenta a determinação da solução analítica do modelo dinâmico de um mecanismo paralelo plano com três graus de liberdade através da caracterização do fluxo de potência entre os seus componentes. A partir das relações geométricas associadas ao deslocamento dos seus graus de liberdade, as relações cinemáticas associadas às suas velocidades são determinadas. Considerando o fluxo de potência entre os graus de liberdade, e também entre estes e os elementos de atuação (atuadores lineares elétricos), as relações de equilíbrio das forças e torques são obtidas. Levando em consideração os efeitos inerciais dos componentes do sistema, a rigidez e efeitos de amortecimento, as equações de movimento ou as equações de estado são analiticamente determinadas e representadas em qualquer sistema de referência, local ou global. Além disso, as relações entre a cinemática inversa e a dinâmica direta são apresentadas. Esta abordagem adota os mesmos fundamentos, conceitos e elementos da técnica dos grafos de ligação, com a sua notação simbólica e representação gráfica. A metodologia proposta é generalizada e aplicável em qualquer tipo de mecanismo (aberto ou fechado, plano ou espacial). O modelo cinemático inverso do mecanismo de cadeia fechada, que tem uma solução fácil quando comparado com o modelo direto, pode ser desenvolvido por qualquer metodologia conhecida. Neste trabalho, a técnica da cadeia vetorial é usada para determinar o modelo geométrico inverso, e com a sua derivação, as relações cinemáticas são obtidas, e, portanto, a matriz Jacobiana inversa. Desse modo, é construída a estrutura em grafos de ligação da cinemática inversa e, a partir das relações de causa e efeito, encontra-se o modelo dinâmico direto do mecanismo. Assim, esta metodologia (grafos de ligação ou fluxo de potência) é mais eficiente e segura para determinar os modelos dinâmicos analíticos (fechados) de mecanismos paralelos. Um conjunto de simulações foi realizado para validar esta abordagem, usando os dados reais (geometria, inércia, amortecimento, forças de atuação, etc.) a partir de um mecanismo plano projetado e construído especialmente para a finalidade de comparar os resultados simulados e experimentais. Uma estratégia de controle de malha fechada usando a cinemática inversa e os modelos dinâmicos diretos é proposta. Finalmente, testes experimentais validam esta estratégia. As equações analíticas levam a um processo de simulação e controle em tempo real mais eficientes destes sistemas.
Mechanisms are essentially (but not exclusively) made up of multiple rigid bodies that have relative motion between themselves. Each rigid body is connected through a joint to one or more bodies, wherein the sequence of connected bodies is called kinematic chain. Open (or serial) kinematic chains have no restrictions on one of their ends, as closed (or parallel) chains have restrictions on both ends. The focus in this work will be given on the study of mechanisms with closed kinematic chains or parallel mechanisms. Thus, this work presents the analytical form determination of the dynamic model of a parallel planar mechanism with three degrees of freedom through the characterization of the power flow between its components. From the geometrical relations associated to the displacement of their degrees of freedom, the kinematic relations associated to their speeds are determined. Considering the power flow between the degrees of freedom, and also between these and the actuating elements (linear electric actuators) the equilibrium relations of the forces and torques are obtained. Accounting for inertial effects of system components, the stiffness and damping effects, the equations of motion or the state equations are analytically determined and represented in any reference frame, local or global. Besides, the relation between the inverse kinematics and the direct dynamics is presented. This approach adopts the same fundamentals, concepts and elements of the Bond Graph Technique, with its symbolic notation and graphical representation. The proposed methodology is generalized and applicable in any type of mechanism (open or closed, planar or spatial). The inverse kinematic model of the closed chain mechanism, which has easy solution when compared to the direct model, can be developed by any known methodology. In this work, the vector loop technique is used to determine the inverse geometric model, and with its derivation, the kinematic relations are obtained, and therefore the inverse Jacobian matrix. Thereby, the inverse kinematics bond graph is built and, from the cause and effect relations, the direct dynamic model of the mechanism is found. Thus, this methodology (bond graphs or power flow) is more efficient and secure to achieve the dynamic analytical (closed) models of parallel mechanisms. A set of simulations are performed to validate this approach, using the real data (geometry, inertia, damping, actuators forces, etc.) from a planar mechanism designed and built especially for the purpose to compare the simulated and experimental results. A closed-loop control strategy using the inverse kinematic and the direct dynamic models is proposed. Finally, experimental tests validate this strategy. The analytical equations lead to a more efficient simulation process and real-time control of these systems.
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Browne, Michael John. "A unified strategy for windup prevention in control systems with multiple saturating actuators." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51629.

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Thesis (MScEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A unified method is proposed to treat saturation in both Multi-Input-Multi-Output MIMO and Single-Input-Single-Output controllers. This method offers superior performance over existing MIM 0 anti-saturation schemes. The anti-saturation problem is posed as a linear programming problem. A practical and efficient implementation of the algorithm is developed by transforming the problem into its dual linear programming form. The problem, in dual form, is then solved using the dual simplex method rather than the primal simplex method. The nature of the problem when expressed in dual form and the properties of the dual simplex method are harmonised to guarantee an initial basic feasible solution and an optimal bounded final solution in a finite, predictable and minimal number of iterations. The resultant controller never saturates, hence cannot windup. Furthermore the resultant controller always applies the optimal control effort to the plant to minimise the error signal input as follows: • The controller is governed such that while the future free response combined with the present forced response of the controller results in no saturation limits being exceeded, now or at some time in the future, the normal linear response of the controller prevails. • When the future free response combined with the present forced response of the controller will result in a saturation limit being reached, now or at some time in the future, the present time input signal into the controller is optimally governed to prevent the saturation limit from being exceeded at any future time.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Metode word voorgestel waarmee versadiging in enkel-inset enkel-uitset en meer-inset meeruitset (MIMU) stelsels beheer kan word. Die metode presteer beter as ander huidige teenversadiging- maatreels vir (MIMU) beheerders. Die teen-versadigings-probleem word as 'n lineere programmeringsprobleem herformuleer. 'n Praktiese en effektiewe implementering van die algoritme word verkry deur die probleem na die duale vorm te transformeer. Die probleem, in duale vorm, word opgelos met die duale simplex metode, in plaas van die direkte metode. Die eienskappe van hierdie formulering is 'n gewaarborgde, aanvanklike, bereikbare oplossing en 'n optimale, begrensde, finale oplossing in 'n eindige, voorspelbare en minimum aantal stappe. Die uiteindelike beheerder versadig nooit nie, en wen gevolglik nie op nie. Die beheerder wend altyd die optimale aanleg-inset aan om die foutsein te minimeer soos volg: • Wanneer die nul-inset gedrag saam met die huidige inset-gedrag geen beperkings nou of in die toekoms saloorskry nie, word geen beperkende aksie geneem nie, en tree die beheerder dus lineer op. • Sodra die toekomstige nul-inset gedrag saam met die huidige inset-gedrag, nou of later versadiging sou veroorsaak, word die huidige inset tot die beheerder optimaal begrens om latere versadiging te voorkom.
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Raminosoa, Ando. "Actionneur linéaire rapide - Application aux soupapes électromagnétiques." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00750824.

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Pour réduire les émissions de gaz polluants, les constructeurs automobiles cherchent à mieux contrôler le volume d'air introduit dans le moteur pour optimiser la combustion. Des dispositifs mécaniques ou hydrauliques couplés avec l'arbre à cames sont déjà en place dans certaines voitures et permettent des gains de 8 à 10% sur la consommation de carburant. L'utilisation d'un actionneur électromagnétique à la place de l'arbre à cames (application " camless ") pour commander les soupapes améliore nettement ce gain (15 à 20%). Les travaux de cette thèse consistent à modéliser une structure choisie, pour ensuite l'optimiser. Compte tenu des exigences de notre application et des contraintes d'environnement du moteur thermique, la modélisation doit être à la fois suffisamment précise et rapide pour estimer et améliorer les performances de l'actionneur. Pour la partie statique, nous avons opté pour un modèle réluctant 3D. Obtenu par extension de son homologue 2D, il reste rapide tout en donnant des résultats en accord avec les mesures. En régime transitoire, nous proposons une nouvelle approche analytique de la distribution des courants de Foucault, directement à partir de l'évolution du flux magnétique. L'équation de diffusion comporte alors des conditions aux limites de Neumann. Nous avons traité le cas d'un flux magnétique arbitraire grâce au théorème de Duhamel, ainsi que la saturation du matériau grâce à une approche semi-analytique.
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Nunes, Willian Ricardo Bispo Murbak. "A new dynamic model applied to electrically stimulated lower limbs and switched control design subject to actuator saturation and non-ideal conditions /." Ilha Solteira, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183168.

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Orientador: Aparecido Augusto de Carvalho
Abstract: Electrical stimulation is a promising technique for motor rehabilitation in cases of spinal cord injury. Stimulator saturation is important in the control system designs applied to electrical stimulation. The negligence of the actuator saturation in the electrical stimulation can lead to unwanted control results, which evidences the muscular fatigue effects. For the first time a switched controller subject to actuator saturation for electrically stimulated lower limb is proposed. The dynamic limb extension model is nonlinear and uncertain. The uncertain nonlinear system described by Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models operating within an operating region in the state space is considered in this study. In addition, fault in the actuator, muscle activation uncertainty, and muscular non-idealities, such as fatigue, spasms, and tremor were considered at three three severity levels. The switched controller is compared to parallel distributed compensation technique. Simulations denote better results of the switched controller by dealing with parametric uncertainties. On the other hand, a challenge for FES control systems is to monitor torque in muscle contractions. In isotonic contraction applications, measuring torque is difficult. The novelty in this study is the proposal of a new nonlinear model, whose state variables are angular position, angular velocity and angular acceleration. In this new model the torque variable is replaced by the angular acceleration. Experimental tests list the ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Resumo: A estimulação elétrica é uma técnica promissora para reabilitação motora em casos de lesão medular. A saturação do estimulador também é um requisito importante no projeto de sistemas de controle aplicados à estimulação elétrica. A negligência da saturação do atuador pode conduzir a resultados de controle indesejados, que evidencia os efeitos de fadiga muscular. Pela primeira vez é proposto um controlador chaveado sujeito à saturação para membro inferior estimulado eletricamente. O modelo dinâmico de extensão do membro inferior é não linear e incerto. O sistema descrito por modelos fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno e operando dentro de uma região de operação no espaço de estados é considerado neste trabalho. Além disto, falha do atuador, incerteza de ativação muscular, e não idealidades musculares, tais como fadiga, espasmos e tremor foram considerados em três níveis de severidade. O controle chaveado é comparado com a compensação distribuída paralela. Simulações denotam melhores resultados do controlador chaveado lidando com incertezas paramétricas da planta. Por outro lado, um desafio dos sistemas de controle para estimulação elétrica funcional é monitorar a dinâmica do torque em contrações musculares. Em aplicações de contração isotônica, medir o torque é algo difícil. A novidade neste estudo é a proposta de um novo modelo não linear, cujas variáveis de estado são posição angular, velocidade angular e aceleração angular. Neste novo modelo a variável torque é substituída adequadamente pel... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Castera, Philippe. "Energy coupling mechanisms in pulsed surface discharges for flow control." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECAP0041/document.

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Ce travail s'intéresse aux effets mécaniques créés par les décharges de surface et à leur efficacité comme actionneur. Une géométrie particulière d'électrodes permet de créer de manière pulsée un filament linéaire de plasma et de le chauffer très rapidement par effet Joule (à raison de plusieurs Joules en moins d'une microseconde). Ce chauffage rapide entraîne la formation d'ondes de choc qui peuvent interagir avec l'écoulement ambiant.Nous étudions le comportement électrique de la décharge de surface afin d'évaluer l'énergie déposée dans le filament de plasma par effet Joule. Pour ce faire, nous réalisons une étude paramétrique sur la configuration du circuit et nous déterminons les principaux paramètres qui pilotent la dynamique de la décharge. Différents modèles de résistance sont utilisés dans un code de simulation du circuit électrique, et leurs prédictions du courant et du dépôt d'énergie sont confrontées aux mesures expérimentales.Des mesures spectroscopiques dans différentes configurations de circuit donnent accès à certaines propriétés de la décharge comme la densité électronique, qui atteint des valeurs de 2x1018 cm-3. Le rayon du canal est également mesuré par imagerie rapide. Les ondes de chocs créées par la décharge de surface sont visualisées en imagerie Schlieren pour plusieurs configurations de circuit. Ces ondes de chocs créent une impulsion proportionnelle à l'énergie déposée dans la décharge. Nos développons un modèle de choc pour décrire la trajectoire du choc et pour calculer l'impulsion communiquée par la décharge de surface. Le modèle est en bon accord avec les mesures expérimentales et la décharge de surface a une efficacité mécanique de 0.12mNs/J pour notre configuration d'étude. Nous terminons cette étude en comparant cet actionneur potentiel avec d'autres actionneurs courants et proposons plusieurs pistes pour de futurs travaux
In this study, we investigate the mechanical effects generated by pulsed surface discharges and their efficiency as an actuator. Using a specific electrode configuration, it is possible to create a short-lived, pulsed, rectilinear plasma channel and to heat it up rapidly (several Joules in less than a microsecond) through Joule heating. This fast energy deposition causes the formation of shock waves that can then interact with the surrounding flow.We study the electrical behavior of the pulsed surface discharge to assess the energy deposited in the plasma channel through Joule heating. To do so, we perform a parametric study on the circuit configuration and identify the main parameters driving the discharge dynamics. Several resistance models are implemented in a numerical description of the electrical circuit and their predictions of the current and deposited energy are compared with experimental measurements.Spectroscopic measurements in different circuit configurations give access to some of the plasma properties such as the electron number density that can reach values up to 2x1018 cm-3. Fast imaging also gives insight into the plasma channel radius. The shock waves generated by the pulsed surface discharge in different circuit configurations are visualized through Schlieren imaging. These shock waves generate an impulse that increases linearly with the energy deposited in the discharge. We develop a shock model to describe the shock trajectory and to compute the impulse imparted by the pulsed surface discharge. The model is in good agreement with our measurements and the pulsed surface discharge is found to have a mechanical efficiency of 0.12 mNs/J for our setup configuration. We conclude this study by comparing the proposed pulsed surface discharge actuator with other common designs and offer some directions for future studies
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Books on the topic "Linear electric actuator"

1

Boldea, I., and Syed A. Nasar. Linear Electric Actuators and Generators. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

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A, Nasar S., ed. Linear electric actuators and generators. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

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1938-, Huijsing Johan H., Steyaert Michiel 1959-, and Roermund, Arthur H. M. van., eds. Analog circuit design: Sensor and actuator interface electronics, integrated high-voltage electronics and power management, low-power and high-resolution ADC's. Boston: Kluwer Academic, 2004.

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Plassche, Rudy J. van de., Huijsing Johan H. 1938-, Sansen Willy M. C, and Workshop of Advances in Analogue Circuit Design (6th : 1997 : Como, Italy), eds. Analog circuit design: RF analog-to-digital converters, sensor and actuator interfaces : low-noise oscillators, PLLs and synthesizers. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997.

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Plassche, Rudy J. Analog Circuit Design: RF Analog-to-Digital Converters; Sensor and Actuator Interfaces; Low-Noise Oscillators, PLLs and Synthesizers. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997.

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Casier, Herman. Analog Circuit Design: Sensors, Actuators and Power Drivers; Integrated Power Amplifiers from Wireline to RF; Very High Frequency Front Ends. Dordrecht: Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 2008.

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Huijsing, Johan H., Michiel Steyaert, and Arthur van Roermund. Analog Circuit Design: Sensor and Actuator Interface Electronics, Integrated High-Voltage Electronics and Power Management, Low-Power and High-Resolution ADC's. Springer, 2010.

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Linear Electric Actuators and Generators. Cambridge University Press, 2005.

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Boldea, I., and Syed A. Nasar. Linear Electric Actuators and Generators. Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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10

Parker, Philip M. The 2007-2012 World Outlook for Aerospace-Type Linear and Rotary Electrical-Input Hydraulic Servo-Actuator Assemblies. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Linear electric actuator"

1

Pietrzak-David, Maria, Bernard de Fornel, and Alain Bouscayrol. "Linear Estimators and Observers for the Induction Machine (IM)." In Electrical Actuators, 175–250. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118558119.ch4.

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Du, Can, Nigel Johnston, Noah D. Manring, Andrew Plummer, Claudio Semini, Ming Yang, and Tian Yu. "Linear PID Control Design." In Nonlinear Control Techniques for Electro-Hydraulic Actuators in Robotics Engineering, 17–44. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315206844-4.

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Su, Chunying, Jianting Lyu, Xin Wang, and Dai Gao. "Fault Estimation of Switched Linear Systems with Actuator and Sensor Faults." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 579–89. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8450-3_61.

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Funieru, Mariana, Herbert De Gersem, and Thomas Weiland. "Transient Simulation of a Linear Actuator Discretized by the Finite Integration Technique." In Scientific Computing in Electrical Engineering, 281–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71980-9_29.

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Azar, Thérèse, Laetitia Perez, Christophe Prieur, Emmanuel Moulay, and Laurent Autrique. "Stabilization Using In-domain Actuator: A Numerical Method for a Non Linear Parabolic Partial Differential Equation." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 616–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58653-9_59.

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Van Nguyen, Tan, and Cheolkuen Ha. "The Actuator Fault Estimation Using Robust Sliding Mode Observer for Linear System Applied for Mini Motion Package Electro-Hydraulic Actuator." In Intelligent Computing Methodologies, 257–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26766-7_24.

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Chand, R. Prem, P. Chellapandi, and C. Lakshmana Rao. "Analytical Modeling of Electro-Mechanical Linear Actuator for Control Pedal of Unmanned Ground Vehicle." In Recent Advances in Applied Mechanics, 561–70. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9539-1_41.

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Albuquerque, A. N., M. Speranza Neto, and M. A. Meggiolaro. "Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of a Parallel Planar Manipulator with Linear Electric Actuators Using Power Flow Approach." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 239–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91217-2_16.

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Kim, Hyogon, Youngho Choi, Jeoungwoo Park, Jung-woo Lee, Jong-geol Kim, Hyojun Lee, Jong-deuk Lee, and Jinho Suh. "Active Control for Rock Grinding Works of an Underwater Construction Robot Consisting of Hydraulic Rotary and Linear Actuators." In AETA 2016: Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering and Related Sciences, 713–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50904-4_72.

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Roy, Ganesh, Hano Jacob Saji, Subir Das, and Subhasis Bhaumik. "Modeling and Control of Electric Linear Actuator for Driving Knee Joint of a Lower Body Exoskeleton." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing, 50–67. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2584-5.ch004.

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The actuator is an integrated part of every robotic system which can actuate the joint for the necessary movement of the device. Depending on the energy conversion mechanism, the actuators are subdivided into three classes, namely electric, pneumatic, and hydraulic. The electric actuators are very popular in the field of engineering and technology due to their ease of use and low maintenance. In this chapter, an electric linear actuator (Manufactured by TiMOTION, Model: TA1) has been modeled by considering its each and every associated physical parameter and also simulated in MATLAB Simscape to observe its performance. Also, different control actions like PID, LQR, and Sliding mode methods have been studied to select the best control action for the actuator. Finally, as an application of the developed actuator model, a one DOF robotic assistive device called human knee exoskeleton has been designed in the MATLAB Simscape. It has been tested that the knee joint trajectory has been followed by the actuator with suitable control action.
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Conference papers on the topic "Linear electric actuator"

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Yang, Fei, Jian Wang, Miaoling Han, Yifan Lu, Honghao Yue, and Miao Wu. "A Novel Design of a Large-Stroke Shape Memory Alloy Linear Actuator." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10831.

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Abstract The traditional actuation systems such as combustion engines, electro motors, hydraulic and pneumatic machines, have several drawbacks: large volume and weight, huge energy consumption and high cost. To overcome these problems, this paper presents a novel large-stroke linear actuator actuated by shape memory alloy (SMA) wires. Multiple SMA wires are distributed in the space three-dimensionally and connected in series to achieve a larger stroke of the actuator. The tandem structure makes the SMA actuator easy to integrate into a narrow available space with dimension constraints. A theoretical model for bias element selection is developed through analysis of the driving paths. A prototype of the proposed SMA actuator is fabricated and corresponding experiments are conducted to verify the functions and performances. The critical working performances of the SMA actuator such as the output displacement, heating electric current, actuation time and reset time are obtained and investigated. The results prove that the proposed SMA actuator can output an ideal driving stroke and enough actuation force in confined space. This research provides design ideas for the large-stroke SMA actuator in more application fields.
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SAFONOV, A., V. BILOUS, M. BOIKO, U. SCHMUCKER, and A. TELESH. "LINEAR ELECTRIC ACTUATOR WITH A FLEXIBLE HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION." In 17th International Conference on Climbing and Walking Robots and the Support Technologies for Mobile Machines. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814623353_0034.

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Enikov, Eniko T., and Kalin V. Lazarov. "Hybrid Micro-Meso Mechanical Switch Array for Tactile Displays." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60439.

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Traditional MEMS actuators have limited stroke and force characteristics. This paper describes the development of a novel hybrid actuation solution, which utilizes a micro-machined actuator array to provide switching of mechanical motion of a larger meso-scale piezo-electric actuator. One motivating application of this technology is the development of a tactile display, where discrete mechanical actuators apply vibratory excitation at discrete locations on the skin. Specifically, this paper describes the development fabrication and characterization of a 4 × 5 micro-actuator array of individual vibrating pixels for fingertip tactile communication. The individual pixels are turned ON and OFF by pairs of microscopic thermal actuators, while the main vibration is generated by a vibrating piezo-electric plate. A thermo-electric and non-linear thermo-elastic models have been developed to account for the temperature dependence of the electrical resistance and the lateral buckling of the hot, respectively. Comparison between analytical and finite element models indicated very good agreement, confirming that the buckling of the hot arm has most significant impact in the overall actuator performance. The fabrication sequence and the actuation performance of the array are also presented.
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Huf, A. "Linear actuator module based on multiple drives." In 2011 1st International Electric Drives Production Conference (EDPC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/edpc.2011.6085547.

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DeGiorgi, Virginia G., and M. A. Siddiq Qidwai. "An Analysis of Composite Piezoelectric Actuators Incorporating Nonlinear Material Behavior." In ASME 2010 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2010-3628.

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Piezoelectric actuators of various composite designs have been proposed during the last few years including extension and shear bimorphs, tubular composites and multilayered actuators. These designs exploit the ability to define the actuation direction by varying the alignment between poling direction and applied electric field. Considerable research effort has been put to accurately model these actuators in order to attain predictive capability. The common factor in almost all of these studies is the assumption that the poled material behaves linearly under applied electric field. However, this assumption may only be accurate for the limited case of a homogenous actuator under relatively unconstrained environment, such as that of simply supported boundary conditions. In the case of composite structures, the actuation can potentially be restricted by non-actuating constituents resulting in multi-dimensional loading states, which may cause domain switching. The same argument can be made for most boundary conditions that are imposed in practical applications, such as when the actuator is clamped or fixed. Another point of concern is the presence of discontinuities and minor defects in the actuator. Both of these would promote non-uniform electric field causing domain switching, and hence, unexpected actuator output. Unless proven otherwise, these concerns directly affect the credibility of life cycle estimates based upon linear models. In this paper linear and nonlinear material models will be used to determine actuator performance using an established constitutive model in a commercial finite element code. Actuator performance for both material cases will be calculated and compared with existing analytical predictions under the same set of boundary conditions.
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Schmidt, Lasse, Søren Ketelsen, Nikolaj Grønkær, and Kenneth Vorbøl Hansen. "On Secondary Control Principles in Pump Controlled Electro-Hydraulic Linear Actuators." In BATH/ASME 2020 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2020-2722.

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Abstract Developments in the field of electro-hydraulic linear actuators controlled by variable-speed pump drives have been increasing over the past decade. The majority of these benefits from the speed control loops realized in the associated electric drives, hence these variable-speed pump drives have been operated as flow control units. For this reason, control methodologies commonly used in valve operated linear drives can be adopted. Such approaches may be characterized as primary control strategies, meaning that there is a flow coupling between the variable-speed pump drive and the linear actuator, with a pressure reaction. Alternatively, other technologies like hydraulic transformers benefit from secondary control abilities, meaning that there is a pressure/force coupling between the actuating device and the linear actuator, with a flow reaction. This paper presents a study considering the application of secondary control principles in electro-hydraulic linear actuators, where the usage of only the electric motor current control loops allow for this to be realized. It is found that by feeding back the hydraulic force measurement in addition to the current loops, allow for a high force control bandwidth by virtue of state feedback controls. The high bandwidth of the force control enables alternative approaches to motion control of electro-hydraulic linear actuators.
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Hussain, Hussain A. "A Novel Contactless Rotary-to-Linear Magnetic Actuator." In 2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iemdc.2019.8785222.

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Landberg, Magnus, Martin Hochwallner, and Petter Krus. "Novel Linear Hydraulic Actuator." In ASME/BATH 2015 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2015-9604.

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In the area of linear motion, infinite stroke only is provided by electric actuators today, until now there has been no hydraulic alternative. The novel linear hydraulic actuator consists of two double acting cylinders with a common piston rod. The working principle of this actuator for short movements is that at least one piston is connected to the piston rod and the actuator works like an ordinary hydraulic double acting cylinder. For longer movements one of the pistons is connected alternatively to the piston rod providing the drive. In this way the two pistons are moving the piston rod alternatingly in a kind of rope climbing motion. The critical element is the clamping mechanism which is an already known machine element but used in this new application. Advantages of this concept are as follows: The actuator is compact. Very long strokes and piston rods are allowed without side effects of common cylinders. This property is the origin of the name “infinite cylinder”. The cylinder has small chamber volumes and so high hydraulic stiffness and low capacitance. It has also potentially no external leakage. The cylinder can provide twice the rated force for short strokes. Applications for this feature are the plate opening stroke of injection molding machines, or presses with low work to travel stroke ratio, like a press brake. The paper includes a detailed description of the design and the working principle. One critical component is the clamping mechanism which temporarily connects the pistons to the piston rod. The clamping mechanism together with the piston represents a new kind of machine element in the mechanical engineering field. Here the focus will be on the function and the control strategy. With simulation the proposed control strategy and function will be presented and the performance analyzed. The simulation model is backed up by first results from experiments on the early prototype. The experiments carried out so far on the hydraulic clamping mechanism, which is the critical component in the system show very promising results that the required function can be achieved. Furthermore, the function of the whole cylinder has been simulated with good result. For the full paper results from a functioning prototype is also to be expected.
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Ruiz-Rojas, Edrey D., J. L. Vazquez-Gonzalez, Ruben Alejos-Palomares, Apolo Z. Escudero-Uribe, and J. Rafael Mendoza-Vázquez. "Mathematical Model of a Linear Electric Actuator with Prosthesis Applications." In 18th International Conference on Electronics, Communications and Computers (conielecomp 2008). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/conielecomp.2008.29.

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Fenercioglu, Ahmet, and Yusuf Avsar. "Finite Element Analysis of Eddy Current Actuator for Linear Motion." In 2020 27th International Workshop on Electric Drives: MPEI Department of Electric Drives 90th Anniversary (IWED). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwed48848.2020.9069501.

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