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Journal articles on the topic 'Linear electric machines'
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1
Ivshin, Igor Vladimirovich, Andrey Michailovich Kopylov, and Alfred Robertovich Safin. "Numerical Modeling of Dynamic Processes of the Reciprocating Reversible Electrical Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 792 (September 2015): 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.792.134.
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Now rotational electrical machines are used mainly for the implementation a reciprocating motion of working mechanisms and also as the electric generators powered by internal combustion engines. It is achieved by means of the kinematic transfers complicating a design and reducing the drive efficiency. The use of linear reciprocating electric machines allows to eliminate these defects. It should be noted that the most effective ones are the cylindrical designs of reciprocating electric machines with permanent magnets, whose efficiency reaches 93 – 95%. However, the rarity and lack of a mass production of this machine type and special recommendations for their design causes the need of research, directed on search of optimum constructive decisions. The article describes the types of linear electrical machines and summarizes the results of numerical modeling of dynamic characteristics for the three versions of the reciprocating cylindrical machine with permanent magnets of 10 kW with the oscillation frequency of the translator 20 Hz and the length of operating cycle of 120 mm. The most effective design parameters of linear electric machine were determined on the basis of its specific characteristics and analysis of the EMF graphics shape, appearing on the stator windings in the generator mode.
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Boldea, Ion, Lucian Nicolae Tutelea, Wei Xu, and Marcello Pucci. "Linear Electric Machines, Drives, and MAGLEVs: An Overview." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 65, no. 9 (September 2018): 7504–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2017.2733492.
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Bang, Y.-B., and S. Ito. "Linear motor drive ultrahigh-speed injection moulding machine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 216, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): 773–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954405021520283.
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This paper presents a report on the development of a linear motor drive injection moulding machine for the attainment of ultrahigh-speed injection moulding. Until now it has been impossible to produce such a high speed with all-electric injection moulding machines, although the need for such ultrahigh-speed, electrically driven injection moulding machines has clearly existed. However, direct drive by linear motors may cause brief nozzle separation from the sprue bushing because of an inertia force as large as the total output thrust of the linear motors, and this momentary separation can cause molten plastic leakage. In this paper, two solutions are proposed for this inertia force problem. One is mechanical cancellation of the inertia force, the other is an increase in the nozzle contact force. Furthermore, a new nozzle contact mechanism is proposed that prevents the stationary platen bending caused by the nozzle contact force. Some experimental results on a manufactured all-electric, ultrahigh-speed injection moulding machine are presented.
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Pfingsten, Georg Von, Andreas Ruf, Simon Steentjes, Marco Hombitzer, David Franck, and Kay Hameyer Rwth. "Operating point resolved loss computation in electrical machines." Archives of Electrical Engineering 65, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aee-2016-0006.
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AbstractMagnetic circuits of electromagnetic energy converters, such as electrical machines, are nowadays highly utilized. This proposition is intrinsic for the magnetic as well as the electric circuit and depicts that significant enhancements of electrical machines are difficult to achieve in the absence of a detailed understanding of underlying effects. In order to improve the properties of electrical machines the accurate determination of the locally distributed iron losses based on idealized model assumptions solely is not sufficient. Other loss generating effects have to be considered and the possibility being able to distinguish between the causes of particular loss components is indispensable. Parasitic loss mechanisms additionally contributing to the total losses originating from field harmonics, non-linear material behaviour, rotational magnetizations, and detrimental effects caused by the manufacturing process or temperature, are not explicitly considered in the common iron-loss models, probably even not specifically contained in commonly used calibration factors. This paper presents a methodology being able to distinguish between different loss mechanisms and enables to individually consider particular loss mechanisms in the model of the electric machine. A sensitivity analysis of the model parameters can be performed to obtain information about which decisive loss origin for which working point has to be manipulated by the electromagnetic design or the control of the machine.
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Hanene, Hleli, Flah Aymen, and Tounsi Souhir. "Variable reluctance synchronous machines in saturated mode." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 12, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v12.i2.pp662-673.
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Electric vehicle seems largely based on electrical machines. Finding the best motor type seems be important for having more performances and a transport system robustness. In this work, we present an analytical model of the synchronous machine with variable reluctances in linear and saturated modes. The angular position of the rotor (θ) and the phase current (i) will beused as parameters. The analytical model of this machine will allow us to determinate its magnetic characteristics such inductors, magnetic flux and electromagnetic torque. The results obtained by the analytical model are compared with those obtained by the finite element method. So, basing on Matlab/Simulink tool and by working with finite element method, these results are depicted and the paper objective is illustrated.
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Kim, Woo-Hyeon, Chang-Woo Kim, Hyo-Seob Shin, Kyung-Hun Shin, and Jang-Young Choi. "Operating Characteristic Analysis and Verification of Short-Stroke Linear Oscillating Actuators Considering Mechanical Load." Machines 10, no. 1 (January 9, 2022): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10010048.
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Linear oscillating machines are electric devices that reciprocate at a specific frequency and at a specific stroke. Because of their linear motion, they are used in special applications, such as refrigerators for home appliances and medical devices. In this paper, the structure and electromagnetic characteristics of these linear oscillating machines are investigated, and the stroke is calculated according to voltage and motion equations. In addition, static and transient behavior analysis is performed, considering mechanical systems such as springs, damping systems, and mover mass. Furthermore, in this study, the magnetic force is analyzed, experiments are conducted according to the input power, and the current magnitude and stroke characteristics are analyzed according to the input frequency. Finally, the study confirmed that the most efficient operation is possible when the electrical resonance frequency matches the resonance frequency of the linear oscillating machines.
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Gorozhankin, A. N., and A. V. Korzhov. "FEATURES OF SYNTHESIS OF SYNCHRONOUS RELUCTANCE AND INDUCTOR ELECTRIC MACHINES." Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Power Engineering" 22, no. 2 (June 2022): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/power220208.
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The problem of finding the best dimensions for the elements of magnetic systems of synchronous reluc-tance and inductor electric machines in an extended range of changes in load torque and power is considered. An algorithm for solving the problem is also proposed, involving the division of the elements of the magnetic system into two groups. The first group affects the magnitude of the torque pulsations, while the second does not affect this indicator. Such parti-tioning accelerates the process of convergence of the result. A method of sequential non-linear programming is proposed for resolving the problem. It has good convergence with minimal search time. Synthesis of finite element models of a syn-chronous reluctance machine with salient pole and anisotropic types of rotors, switched reluctance machine (SRD), ma-chine with field switching (FSDC), Vernier reluctance and double field Vernier reluctance machines was performed. It was shown that the proportion of winding copper relative to steel in the active part of the machines increases relative to conventional machines when operating in the nominal mode. On the contrary, this feature was manifested to a lesser extent when working in the zone of overloads in terms of torque. Electromagnetic loads increase with increasing power, equivalent to operating a machine of lower power in overload mode. It was shown that the sensi-tivity to the size of the air gap in Vernier reluctance machines is the highest in the class under study. Thus, with increasing power, the specific torque will increase significantly. On the contrary, the lowest sensitivity to the air gap value in ma-chines with one-sided gearing and distributed winding on the stator allows these machines to be made with a larger gap without compromising the specific torque.
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Makarov, L. N., V. N. Denisov, and S. P. Kurilin. "Designing and modeling a linear electric motor for vibration-technology machines." Russian Electrical Engineering 88, no. 3 (March 2017): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068371217030129.
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Chelmiah, Eoghan T., Violeta I. McLoone, and Darren F. Kavanagh. "Remaining Useful Life Estimation of Rotating Machines through Supervised Learning with Non-Linear Approaches." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (April 20, 2022): 4136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094136.
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Bearings are one of the most common causes of failure for rotating electric machines. Intelligent condition-based monitoring (CbM) can be used to predict rolling element bearing fault modes using non-invasive and inexpensive sensing. Strategically placed accelerometers can acquire bearing vibration signals, which contain salient prognostic information regarding the state of health. Machine learning (ML) algorithms are currently being investigated to accurately predict the health of machines and equipment in real time. This is highly advantageous towards reducing unscheduled maintenance, increasing the operational lifetime, as well as mitigation of the associated health risks caused by catastrophic machine failure. Motivated by this, a robust CbM system is presented for rotating machines that is suitable for various industrial applications. Novel non-linear methods for both feature engineering (one-third octave bands) and wear-state modelling (exponential) are investigated. The paper compares two main types of feature extraction, which are derived from Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and Envelope Analysis (EA). In addition, two types of supervised learning, Support Vector Machines (SVM) and k-Nearest Neighbour (k-NN) are explored. The work is tested and validated on the PRONOSTIA platform dataset, with remaining useful life (RUL) classification results of up to 74.3% and a mean absolute error of 0.08 achieved.
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Ilhan, E., T. E. Motoasca, J. J. H. Paulides, and E. A. Lomonova. "Energy Conversion Loops for Flux-Switching PM Machine Analysis." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 2, no. 5 (October 6, 2012): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.209.
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Induction and synchronous machines have traditionally been the first choice of automotive manufacturers for electric/hybrid vehicles. However, these conventional machines are not able anymore to meet the increasing demands for a higher energy density due to space limitation in cars. Flux-switching PM (FSPM) machines with their high energy density are very suitable to answer this demand. In this paper, the energy conversion loop technique is implemented on FSPM for the first time. The energy conversion technique is a powerful tool for the visualization of machine characteristics, both linear and nonlinear. Further, the technique provides insight into the torque production mechanism. A stepwise explanation is given on how to create these loops for FSPM along with the machine operation.
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Bianchini, Claudio, Giorgio Bisceglie, Ambra Torreggiani, Matteo Davoli, Elena Macrelli, Alberto Bellini, and Matteo Frigieri. "Effects of the Magnetic Model of Interior Permanent Magnet Machine on MTPA, Flux Weakening and MTPV Evaluation." Machines 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2023): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11010077.
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Interior permanent-magnet synchronous machines are widely spreading in automotive and vehicle traction applications, because of their high efficiency over a wide speed range. This capability can be achieved by appropriated control strategies: Maximum Torque per Ampere (MTPA), Flux Weakening (FW) and Maximum Torque per Volt (MTPV). However, these control trajectories are often based on an simplified magnetic model of the electrical machine. In order to improve the evaluation of machine output capabilities, nonlinear magnetic behavior must be modeled. This is not only related to the final application with a given drive and control structure, but also during the design process of the electric machine. In the design process, the output torque Vs. speed characteristic must be calculated following MTPA, MTPV and FW in the most accurate way to avoid significant error. This paper proposes a set of algorithms to compute MTPA, FW and MTPV curves for interior permanent-magnet synchronous machines taking into account the machines’ nonlinearities caused by iron saturation and compares differed approaches to highlight the torque–speed capabilities for the same machine following different methods. The algorithms are based on the maps of the equivalent inductances of a reference interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine and inductances maps were obtained via 2-D Finite Element Analysis over the machine’s operating points in id−iq reference plane. The effects of different 2-D finite element methods are also computed by both standard nonlinear magnetostatic simulations and Frozen Permeability simulations. Results show that the nonlinear model computed via frozen permeability is more accurate than the conventional linear and nonlinear models computed via standard magnetostatic simulations; for this reason, during the electrical machine design, it is important to check the expected performance employing a complete inductance map and frozen permeability.
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Rahman, Reza Aulia, Mohammad Faishol Erikyatna, and Achmad Fauzan Hery Soegiharto. "Study on Predictive Maintenance of V-Belt in Milling Machines Using Machine Learning." Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) 6, no. 2 (November 15, 2022): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um016v6i22022p085.
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Towards industry 4.0, monitoring the degradation of machine tools’ components becomes a key feature so that smooth productivity is achieved. To preserve the functionality and performance of the machine tools, proper maintenance activities must be planned and carried out. V-belt is important component in machine tools that transmits power from the electric motor spindle in order to machine to work and cut desired material properly. The purpose of this research is to develop a predictive maintenance system for v-belt milling machine Krisbow 31N2F using machine learning. The machine learning algorithm models using multiple and simple linear regression algorithm was developed in an open-source program. The test results show that the machine learning model has a high accuracy value in both the training data and the testing data. The multiple linear regression model has MSE value of 5.8830x10-6 and MAE value of 0.002. The Simple linear regression model has an MSE value of 0.0004x10-6 and MAE value of 0.162. The results shows that the use of the linear regression algorithm as a support for determining the prediction of RUL v-belt milling machine model 31N2F (BS) is successfully carried out.
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Kazmierkowski, Marian P. "Linear Electric Machines, Drives, and MAGLEVs Handbook (Boldea, I.; 2013) [Book News]." IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine 7, no. 4 (December 2013): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mie.2013.2289563.
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Németh, Zoltán, and Miklós Kuczmann. "Linear-Matrix-Inequality-Based Controller and Observer Design for Induction Machine." Electronics 11, no. 23 (November 24, 2022): 3894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11233894.
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The modeling and drive control of electric machines are still actively researched scientific topics. Most of the existing models contain parameters that have no physical content or cannot be measured at all. For this reason, the use of observers in modern drive control algorithms is necessary. The main goal of this paper is to present the mathematical formalism of a linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based controller-observer design for a tensor product (TP) transformation-based model, including its implementation in a simulation environment. Based solely upon simulation results, the designed observer can provide a stable and accurate state space variable, regardless of the highly nonlinear induction machine model.
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Ullah, Noman, Faisal Khan, Abdul Basit, and Mohsin Shahzad. "Experimental Validations of Hybrid Excited Linear Flux Switching Machine." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 3, 2021): 7274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217274.
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Linear Flux Switching Machines (LFSMs) possess the capability to generate adhesive thrust force, thus problems associated with conventional rotatory electric machines and mechanical conversion assemblies can be eliminated. Additionally, the unique features of high force/power density, efficiency, and a robust secondary structure make LFSMs a suitable candidate for linear motion applications. However, deficiency of controllable air-gap flux, risk of PM demagnetization, and increasing cost of rare earth PM materials in case of PMLFSMs, and inherent low thrust force capability of Field Excited LFSMs compels researchers to investigate new hybrid topologies. In this paper, a novel Double-Sided Hybrid Excited LFSM (DSHELFSM) with all three excitation sources, i.e., PMs, DC, and AC windings confined to short moving primary and segmented secondary providing short flux paths is designed, investigated, and optimized. Secondly, unequal primary tooth width optimization and additional end-teeth at all four corners of the primary equip proposed design with balanced magnetic circuit and reduced end-effect and thrust force ripples. Thirdly, the measured experimental results of the manufactured proposed machine prototype are compared with corresponding simulated model results and shows good agreements, thus validating the theoretical study.
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Xia, Rong. "Characteristic Analysis and Measurement of Dielectric Loss in Non-Linear Insulating Materials." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 1471–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.1471.
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Non-linear insulating material is widely used in the insulations of XLPE cable terminations and stator windings insulation of electric machines, and has obvious capability to improve the distribution of electric field. Actually, the dielectric loss factor of non-linear insulating materials is not equal to the tanδ describing linear insulating materials, and depends on applied voltage and their structures. This paper firstly discusses the difference between ac loss characteristic of non-linear dielectrics and linear dielectrics and presents a kind model of non-linear composite material. Based on the model, specific characterization and measurement methods and their numeric simulation analysis are given. Finally, a measuring system for non-linear insulating materials based on digital measuring technology is presented.
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Wu, Huihuan, Shuangxia Niu, Yunpeng Zhang, and Weinong Fu. "Physics-Informed Generative Adversarial Network-Based Modeling and Simulation of Linear Electric Machines." Applied Sciences 12, no. 20 (October 16, 2022): 10426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122010426.
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The demand for fast magnetic field approximation for the optimal design of electromagnetic devices is urgent nowadays. However, due to the lack of a publicly available dataset and the unclear definition of each parameter in the magnetic field dataset, the expansion of data-driven magnetic field approximation is severely limited. This study presents a physics-informed generative adversarial network (PIGAN), as well as a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM)-based magnetic field dataset, for fast magnetic field approximation. It includes the current density, material distribution, electromagnetic material properties, and other parameters of the electric machine. Physics-informed loss functions are utilized in the training process, making the output governed by Maxwell’s equation. Different slot-pole combinations of the PMLSM are involved in the dataset to extend the generalization of PIGAN. Some indicators for the further evaluation of magnetic approximation performance, including image-based metrics and calculation methods for the performance of electric motors, are presented in this study. Some challenges of magnetic field approximation using PIGAN are also discussed. The effectiveness of the physics-informed method is verified by comparing the magnetic field approximation results and the performance analysis results of the PMLSM with FEM, and the speed of PIGAN is approximately 40 times faster than that of FEM, while the accuracy is similar.
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Kramarov, Andrey, Aleksandr Pavlenko, Denis Batishchev, and Igor Trocenko. "Overview of Solutions and Design Methods for Linear Electric Generators with Permanent Magnets." Известия высших учебных заведений. Электромеханика 64, no. 6 (2021): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17213/0136-3360-2021-6-36-51.
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An overview of methods for calculating and designing linear electric generators with permanent magnets is given. The techniques are grouped according to the type of calculation approach used. A detailed analysis of the proposed methods and assumptions is carried out, conclusions are drawn about the possibility of their use in the design of electric generators with permanent magnets with solid magnetic circuit elements. The main assumptions are related to the representation of the parameters of the equivalent circuits of magnetic systems. It was found that the main part of the methods does not take into account the influence of magnetic hysteresis and eddy currents in solid elements of the magnetic circuit. It is shown that many approaches aimed at designing electric machines with permanent magnets can be adapted to linear electric generators.
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Vasyliev, V. Y., A. M. Afanasov, О. М. Hulivets, and Y. Y. Popudniak. "Experimental Research of the Energy Efficiency of Accelerated Thermal Tests of Traction Electric Machines." Science and Transport Progress, no. 2(98) (June 20, 2022): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2022/268397.
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Purpose. Heating tests of traction electric machines are the most energy-intensive tests. Taking into account the need to choose a rational variant of the mutual load scheme in order to reduce the consumption of electrical energy during the tests, a study of the amount of total useful energy of the power sources of the stand at hourly and starting current was carried out. Methodology. Experimental studies were carried out on a mutual load stand. Rotating machines were used as power sources (voltage booster and linear generator). The voltage and field attenuation coefficient of the traction motors during the tests were kept nominal. The condition of the equality of the final temperature excesses of the tested traction motors for both test modes was the achievement of the same total circuit resistance. For analysis of test results, methods of theoretical research and analytical calculation of electric circuits, theoretical foundations of electrical engineering, mathematical modeling of electrical and energy processes were used. Findings. The conducted set of tests on heating the traction motors of electric rolling stock practically showed that the consumption of electrical energy at the starting current is 36% lower compared to the hourly load mode. Tests on the mutual load stand confirmed the practical possibility of accelerated tests of traction electric motors. Originality. It has been practically proven that the use of the heating test mode with the starting current ensures an increase in the energy efficiency of the tests and a corresponding reduction in the total electricity consumption for acceptance tests. Further development of practical research is planned for the purpose of determining energy saving reserves during post-repair tests of traction electric motors of highway, quarry and suburban transport. Practical value. The results of practical tests can become the basis for modernization of mutual load stands of locomotive repair enterprises for thermal tests of traction motors of direct and pulsating current. The conducted tests allow us to create recommendations for the design of rational schemes of test benches with increased energy efficiency of the system of mutual loading of traction electric machines, which differ by accounting the efficiency of sources and power converters.
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Muazzam, Hassam, Mohamad Khairi Ishak, and Athar Hanif. "Compensating the performance of permanent magnet synchronous machines for fully electric vehicle using LPV control." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 10, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 1923–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v10i4.2946.
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The state-of-the-art robust H∞ linear parameter-varying controller is designed for wide speed operating range for non-linear mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) in d-q reference frame for fully electric vehicle. This study propose polytopic approach using rotor speed as scheduling variable to reformulate mathematical model of PMSM into linear parameter varying (LPV) form. The weights were optimized for sensitivity and complementary sensitivity function. The simulation results illustrate fast tracking and enhanced performance of the proposed control technique over wide range of rotor speed. Moreover, as part of this work, the results of H∞ linear parameter varying controller is validated by comparing it with linear quadratic integrator and proportional integral derivative (PID) control techniques to show the effectiveness of the proposed control technique.
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Cisse, Koua Malick, Sami Hlioui, Mhamed Belhadi, Guillaume Mermaz Rollet, Mohamed Gabsi, and Yuan Cheng. "Design Optimization of Multi-Layer Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines for Electric Vehicle Applications." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 1, 2021): 7116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217116.
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This paper presents a comparison between two design methodologies applied to permanent magnet synchronous machines for hybrid and electric vehicles (HEVs and EVs). Both methodologies are based on 2D finite element models and coupled to a genetic algorithm to optimize complex non-linear geometries such as multi-layer permanent magnet machines. To reduce the computation duration to evaluate Induced Voltage and Iron Losses for a given electrical machine configuration, a new methodology based on geometrical symmetries and magnetic symmetries are used and is detailed. Two electromagnetic models have been developed and used in the design stage. The first model was the stepped rotor position finite element analysis called abc model which considered the spatial harmonics without any approximation of the waveform of flux linkage inside the stator, and the second model was based on a fixed rotor position called dq model, with the approximation that the waveform of flux linkage inside the stator was sinuous. These two methodologies are applied to the design of a synchronous machine for HEVs and EVs applications. Design results and performances are analyzed, and the advantages and drawbacks of each methodology are presented. It was found that the dq model is at least 5 times faster than the abc model with high precision for both the torque and induce voltage evaluation in most cases. However, it is not the case for the iron losses computation. The iron loss model based on dq model is less accurate than the abc model with a relative deviation from the abc model greater than 70% at high control angle. The choice of the electromagnetic model during the optimization process will therefore influence the geometry and the performances of the obtained electrical machine after the optimization.
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Solomin, Vladimir A., Andrej V. Solomin, Larisa L. Zamshina, and Nadejda A. Trubitsina. "Determination of the axial force of a cylindrical linear induction motor with rotational-translational movement of the secondary element." Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies 8, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 50–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst20228150-66.
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Background: the variety of modern electric drives requires the creation of new types of electric motors with enhanced functionality. Cylindrical linear induction motors with rotational-translational movement of secondary elements also belong to such electric machines.
Aim: development of a cylindrical linear induction motor with rotational-translational movement of the secondary element.
Materials and methods: the use of a discrete inductor system for the implementation of the rotational-translational movement of the secondary element, the analytical solution of the field problem.
Results: new design of a cylindrical linear induction motor with rotational-translational movement of the secondary element, the ratio for determining the axial force of the motor.
Conclusion: the proposed design of a cylindrical linear induction motor has extended functionality due to the simultaneous implementation of the rotational-translational movement of the secondary element.
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Prakht, V. A., V. V. Goman, and A. S. Paramonov. "Design Optimization of Secondary Element of Single-Sided Linear Induction Motors Using a Genetic Algorithm." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 64, no. 6 (December 6, 2021): 505–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2021-64-6-505-516.
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The article focuses on the use of genetic algorithms for the design of linear induction motors. Comparison of genetic algorithm with classical methods in the context of electrical machines designing has been carried out. The results of solving an optimization problem for two designs are presented, viz. a laboratory linear induction electric motor based on a three-phase SL-5-100 inductor and a traction single-sided linear induction electric motor of an urban transport system. The optimality criterion included maximizing the power factor and efficiency, as well as the rigidity of the mechanical characteristic while ensuring a starting traction force of at least a set value. The results of optimization of such parameters of the secondary element as the width and thickness of the conductive strip as well as the thickness of the magnetic circuit are described. The relevance of the problem of optimizing the parameters of the secondary element with unchanged parameters of the inductor is due to the fact that the same inductor can be used to build various structures, while the secondary element is created for each specific application and integrated directly into the working body of the mechanism or is a driven product. To calculate the traction and energy characteristics of linear induction electric motors, an electromagnetic model based on detailed equivalent circuits was used, taking into account longitudinal and transverse edge effects and providing a calculation time for one set of parameters of about 1 s. In accordance with this model, the electric motor is reduced to a set of three detailed equivalent circuits: a magnetic circuit, primary and secondary electrical circuits. The result of the optimization of these electric motors was an increase in the efficiency by 1.6 and 1.4 %, respectively, an increase in the power factor by 0.9 and 0.2 %, and an increase in the rigidity of traction characteristics and starting traction force.
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Zheng, Hua, Li Xie, and Jun Xiong. "Elasticity Analysis Modeling by Least Squares Support Vector Machines Applied to System Load." Advanced Materials Research 186 (January 2011): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.186.165.
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Load elasticity analysis is effective for quantitative dynamic analysis on the load volatility in electric power planning. However traditional linear methods are always based on the definite mathematical or physical models of the observed problem, which is not suitable for the complicated real cases, especially electric load. So this paper describes a novel model for the elasticity analysis on the electric load. First to overcome the limitations of traditional regression methods, load simulation model are proposed by LS-SVM that is a strong nonlinear regression tool and outperforms standard support vector machine in the regression accuracy and modeling velocity. Based on that model, numerical simulation is performed to simulate the changes in load and its influence factors in consistency with the latent mapping relationship. Then electric load sensitivity models are deduced. Finally, the case studies are used to test the proposed model.
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WOZNIAK, A., A. SHTUTS, and M. KOLISNYK. "JUSTIFICATION OF PARAMETERS AND DEVELOPMENT OF A LINEAR ASYNCHRONOUS ELECTRIC DRIVE OF A VIBROCENTER GRAIN SEPARATOR." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 301, no. 5 (October 2021): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-301-5-99-108.
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The development of agriculture depends on the conditions of quality assurance and preservation of grown and produced products. To solve these problems, in particular, grain processing enterprises must have a well-equipped technical base capable of ensuring high-quality separation of grain, which arrives without losses in the short term. Separation of cereals is a key place not only in the processing process, but also is one of the main ways to increase the yield of cereals, as the separation process contributes to the selection of the highest quality (physiologically mature) seed. Work with grain is based on basic principles, which include advanced technology, flow processing methods and automation of the production process. Post-harvest processing of grain must ensure the timely organization and timely execution of all its stages while ensuring the minimum possible values of energy and complexity of the process. The vast majority of separation machines used today in agriculture have a fairly low productivity, as most of them use gravitational forces to clean grain mixtures. Every year, production requirements are growing, and require new, most energy and technologically efficient methods of separation, as well as the creation or modernization of existing separating machines with higher productivity, quality and efficiency of separation of grain mixtures. Without theoretical and practical research, grain cleaning machines are impossible to further improve and create new, high-tech and energy-efficient structures. The main difficulty in considering improvements in temporary grain vibratory centrifugal separators is the lack of a basic design scheme of the vibrating drive, which will allow the implementation of a given law of oscillations with the required accuracy and ability to smoothly adjust the amplitude and frequency of oscillations in the vertical plane. Interesting and broad prospects for the development of electric drive are associated with the use of so-called linear motors. A large number of production mechanisms and devices have translational or reciprocating motion of the working bodies (lifting and transport machines, feed mechanisms of various machines, presses, hammers, etc.). As the drive of these mechanisms and devices, conventional electric motors were used in combination with special types of mechanical transmissions (crank mechanism, screw-nut transmission), transformed the rotational motion of the working body. Linear motors can be asynchronous, synchronous and direct current, repeating the principle of their operation of the corresponding motors of rotational motion.
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Panu, Mihai Gheorghe, and Alina Cristina Viorel. "Testing The Performance Of A Single-Phase Autotransformer On MATLAB/Simulink." ACTA Universitatis Cibiniensis 66, no. 1 (July 1, 2015): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aucts-2015-0041.
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Abstract This paper presents a virtual laboratory for testing a single-phase autotransformer using MATLAB Simulink environment. The model is implemented according to a practical laboratory used at electric machines’ discipline for the undergraduate level in electrical engineering. The model presented herein is a copy of a practical experiment for an autotransformer made in the test laboratory. The rating of the autotransformer is taken to be 2 kVA, 230/0÷230 V, and it was set at a transformer ratio of 1.5. The used model is a linear one and run for a pure resistive load test. In the same time, it was aimed the simulation accuracy as it was used a linear model, neglecting the magnetic saturation effect.
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Nrartha, I. Made Ari, Muhamad Nudisantana Riswandi, and Supriono Supriono. "Three Phase Induction Motor Rotation Direction Control Using PLC Omron CP1E and HMI NB7W-TW00B." Journal of Renewable Energy, Electrical, and Computer Engineering 2, no. 2 (November 13, 2022): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/jreece.v2i2.9252.
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Rotation direction control on three-phase electric motors is very much needed in industry as driving machines such as mixers, grinders, conveyors, and transportation machines. This study proposes controlling the rotational direction of a three-phase induction motor automatically using an Programmable Logic Control (PLC) Omron CP1E which is connected to the Human Machine Interface (HMI) NB7W-TW00B. The HMI NB7W-TW00B provides timing instructions to the PLC to change the direction of rotation of the induction motor. To provide safe operation of the induction motor due to changes in the direction of rotation, the PLC control was given a delay of 1 to 4 seconds. The results show that a delay of 1 to 4 seconds provides a linear reduction in speed before the motor rotates in the opposite direction.
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Solomin, Vladimir A., Andrej V. Solomin, Nadejda A. Trubitsina, and Larisa L. Zamchina. "Stepper induction motors for electric drive." Transportation Systems and Technology 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst20217185-98.
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Aim: The goal is to present a new asynchronous principle of operation of stepper motors, based on the use of counter-rotating (or traveling) magnetic fields.
Method: A change in the degree of symmetry of one of these magnetic fields leads to the fact that the armature (rotor or secondary element) makes a precise discrete movement.
Result: The force moving the armature of a stepper induction motor is created as a result of the interaction of eddy currents in the armature with a rotating or traveling magnetic field. Stepper induction motors can rotate the rotor at a certain angle and discretely move flat or cylindrical electrically conductive armatures, which can be smooth and non-magnetic. A separate group of motors for a discrete electric drive is made up of two-coordinate linear stepping asynchronous machines, which also operate using the same counter-running magnetic fields both in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
Conclusion: The features of the design of such electric machines are presented, the values of the magnetic induction in different zones of a two-coordinate stepper motor are determined, the relations for calculating the steps of the armature in both the longitudinal and transverse directions are given.
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Быкова, Валентина Прохоровна, and Valentina Prokhorovna Bykova. "Application of training and methodological complex Electrical Engineering." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2019, no. 4 (November 15, 2019): 130–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2019-4-130-140.
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The paper presents the laboratory practicum on electrical engineering and physics worked out on the basis of the teaching guide on electrical engineering including 5 test benches.
It includes 24 laboratory works with elements of independent research. The detailed and illustrated test benches of the training complex are the following: Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Electric Machines and Electric Drive, Electric Machine Assembly, Electric Energy, its Transmission and Quality, Principles of Electrical Safety. Some stands are connected to a software and hardware complex designed for measuring the studied values, reflection and processing of analog signals. The compactness and versatility of the training complex Electrical Engineering are noted; one can do 6–9 laboratory works on electrical engineering and physics at one stand. Mathematical calculations of the readings are recommended to perform in Mathcad computer algebra system.
A manual based on the laboratory works, which contains general safety rules, guidelines for per-forming tasks and requirements for their processing, is now under consideration. The advantages
of the elaborated laboratory workshop have been listed; the educational, developmental, pedagogical tasks for solving at the lesson have been analyzed; a laboratory work “Three-phase circuit connection in star scheme” is given as an example. The diagram of a star connection is presented;
a vector diagram of linear and phase voltages relations in a star connection is built. The oscillo-grams of currents under symmetrical load are illustrated. It has been noted that the individual tasks have an exploratory nature, they develop cognitive, independent and creative skills of students. The proposed methodological guidelines are recommended for specialists and bachelors in such areas as “Ship and Power Plants”, “Shipbuilding”, “Heat and Power Engineering and Heat Engineering”, etc., and can be used by teachers of general engineering disciplines
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Денисов, Илья, Ilya Denisov, Кирилл Гончаров, Kirill Goncharov, Евгений Ильин, and Evgeniy Ilin. "DYNAMIC ANALYSIS PECULIARITIES OF SUSPENSION TRUCK TRAVEL IN BRIDGE CRANE WITH LINEAR DRIVE." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2016, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/22050.
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The paper reports the results of a dynamic analysis of suspension truck travel in a bridge crane with a linear drive. As compared with the existing designs this drive possesses a number of advantages and distinguishing capacities which should be taken into account at the formation of dynamic models. So, the interaction force between the elements of an electric motor affects the resistance value to a truck travel of friction forces.
A nominal operating rate of linear electric motors exceeds 1 m/sec. The operating rates of the travel of most loadlifting machines and their separate elements are within the bounds of 0.1 – 1 m/sec. It is evident that even to maintain the same rate of travel the introduction of a control system is necessary. On the other hand, linear electric motors with the control systems possess high dynamic characteristics and may be used to reduce load oscillations on a flexible suspension which is particularly significant for technological cranes.
A dynamic analysis is carried out for a singlemass and doublemass models. The results of computations confirmed a necessity for the drive control to obtain a working speed of movement and also to reduce load oscillations and dynamic loads upon mechanisms and a metal structure of a loadlifting machine. The analysis has also shown that a singlemass model does not give a complete comprehension of changes in a speed of a mechanism at acceleration and it should not be used at the design computations of movement mechanisms of this type.
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Richard, Alexandre, Xavier Roboam, Florent Rougier, Nicolas Roux, and Hubert Piquet. "AC Electric Powertrain without Power Electronics for Future Hybrid Electric Aircrafts: Architecture, Design and Stability Analysis." Applied Sciences 13, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13010672.
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This paper proposes an electric powertrain architecture for future hybrid electric aircrafts which structure is only composed of permanent magnet synchronous machines for both generators (PMSG) and motors (PMSM). The direct connection through an AC bus of a PMSG with one or several PMSMs involves the suppression of power electronics usually embedded in electric or hybrid electric powertrains. The idea is clearly to simplify the architecture and to significantly reduce the weight of propulsive device, “weight being the prime enemy in aeronautics”. However, the connection between power generation and propulsion devices through power electronics converters offers degrees of freedom allowing to control and stabilize the whole system. Contrarily, the direct connection between synchronous machines (PMSG-PMSM) sets a rigid link with non-linear behavior between both devices, causing complex stability issues that are analyzed. For that purpose, after having discussed the advantages and drawbacks of this powertrain by comparison with classical architectures, including power electronics, a set of models (analytic and simulation) and analysis tools (root locus, transient time simulation) is proposed. They are used in a theoretical approach to emphasize the stability issue and to assess parameter sensitivity. A reduced power scale test bench with a single-motor AC powertrain is presented: together with circuit simulation models, it is used to compare and validate the theoretical analysis results.
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Karthaus, Jan, Simon Steentjes, Nora Leuning, and Kay Hameyer. "Effect of mechanical stress on different iron loss components up to high frequencies and magnetic flux densities." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 36, no. 3 (May 2, 2017): 580–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-09-2016-0416.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the variation of the specific iron loss components of electrical steel sheets when applying a tensile mechanical load below the yield strength of the material. The results provide an insight into the iron loss behaviour of the laminated core of electrical machines which are exposed to mechanical stresses of diverse origins. Design/methodology/approach The specific iron losses of electrical steel sheets are measured using a standardised single-sheet tester equipped with a hydraulic pressure cylinder which enables application of a force to the specimen under test. Based on the measured data and a semi-physical description of specific iron losses, the stress-dependency of the iron loss components can be studied. Findings The results show a dependency of iron loss components on the applied mechanical stress. Especially for the non-linear loss component and high frequencies, a large variation is observed, while the excess loss component is not as sensitive to high mechanical stresses. Besides, it is shown that the stress-dependent iron loss prediction approximates the measured specific iron losses in an adequate way. Originality/value New applications such as high-speed traction drives in electric vehicles require a suitable design of the electrical machine. These applications require particular attention to the interaction between mechanical influences and magnetic behaviour of the machine. In this regard, knowledge about the relation between mechanical stress and magnetic properties of soft magnetic material is essential for an exact estimation of the machine’s behaviour.
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Shaikh, Faraz Ahmed, Muhammad Zuhaib Kamboh, Bilal Ahmad Alvi, Sheroz Khan, and Farhat Muhammad Khan. "Condition-Based Health Monitoring of Electrical Machines Using DWT and LDA Classifier." Sir Syed University Research Journal of Engineering & Technology 12, no. 2 (December 25, 2022): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.33317/ssurj.513.
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In the industry, continuous health monitoring of electric motors is considered as an essential requirement. The continuous operation of the electric motor may cause malfunctions and addressing them timely is a critical challenge. The development of an efficient health monitoring system based on the identification of electrical motor faults is on great demand. This paper addresses the fault detection technique using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) algorithm for continuous health monitoring of electric motor-based systems. The faults have been detected through Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA) series procedures using the proposed method. Concurrently, the wavelet transform algorithm produces frequency-based spectrum related to the stator current parameters to accomplish the fault classification. This study provides an analysis of three motor faults of Phase imbalance, Rotor misalignment, and High contact resistance (HCR). DWT has the ability to categorize the input signals into approximate coefficient state for low frequency signals and detailed coefficient state for high frequency signals. In this research, this technique is used to detect faults because it is able of processing signals of very low frequency, and effectively deal with intermittent sharp signals that appear frequently during processing. DWT technique based on conditional monitoring of an induction motor with precise detailed coefficients and more skilled at light loads given on a motor-shaft with relatively fast execution time compared to FFT. Furthermore, the comparison of healthy and faulty induction motors has been compiled by Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) technique, a sub-application of MATLAB, and used for faults management purposes. LDA in comparison with PCA gives more perfect results. In this research, different faults have been detected with 100% accuracy using LDA classifier. The implementation of the proposed scheme will be beneficial in avoiding faults by ensuring that preemptive measures are taken timely against these faults, and the production of industries is protected from revenue losses.
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Nafikov, Marat Z., Ilnur I. Zagirov, Khasan T. Karimov, Valery N. Permyakov, and Il’shat R. Akhmet’yanov. "Determination of electromagnetic force of a linear electric motor in the drive of a grain cleaning machine by modeling." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Matematika i mekhanika, no. 76 (2022): 150–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/19988621/76/11.
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An experimental mechanism for cleaning grain mixtures with a drive from a linear asynchronous electric motor has been developed and manufactured in the Bashkir State Agrarian University. More favorable conditions for sifting the grain mixture are created as a result of the use of an asynchronous linear electric motor for its drives in comparison with traditionally used machines driven by rotation motors. Based on the Lagrange equations, a mathematical description of the movement of the links of the mechanism is carried out and the electromagnetic force required in accordance with the cleaning technology is found. It is created in the windings of a linear electric motor by an electronic switch. It is found that the shape of the pulse of the required electromagnetic force is close to sinusoidal. However, it is possible to replace the electromotive force varying according to the sinusoidal law by a force constant in modulus and equal in impulse. Contribution of the authors: the authors contributed equally to this article. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
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Kryukov, Oleg, Igor Gulyayev, and Dmitriy Teplukhov. "The Bayesian Decision Models During the Maintenance of Automated Electric Drives." Известия высших учебных заведений. Электромеханика 65, no. 3 (2022): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17213/0136-3360-2022-3-49-55.
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An analytical approach is proposed for the predictive control of technical condition of complex automated electric drive systems using forecasting, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of maintenance and repair systems implementation based on the actual state. Based on the utilization coefficient use, a condition prediction efficiency criterion is proposed that provides reliable information on the state of AC electric drives in on-line mode. A method for preventive decision making for predicting failures of various automated electric drive systems based on the Bayesian approach has been developed. The proposed method has been tested on synchronous machines of the STD-12500-2 type, which operate as drive electric motors for gas-pumping units at linear compressor stations of the main gas transport.
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Nguyen, Danh Huy, Lam Tung Nguyen, and Duc Chinh Hoang. "A non-linear control method for active magnetic bearings with bounded input and output." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 2154. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i4.pp2154-2163.
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Magnetic bearing is well-known for its advantage of reducing friction in rotary machines and is placing conventional bearings where high-speed operations and cleanliness are essential. It can be shown that the AM is a nonlinear system due to the relation between the magnetic force and current/rotor displacement. In this paper, a mathematical model of a 4-DOF AMB supported by four dual electric magnets is presented. The control objective is placed in a view of control input saturation and output limitation that are meaningful aspect in practical applications. Backstepping algorithm based control strategy is then adopted in order to achieve the high dynamic performance of the bearing. The control is designed in such a way that it takes input and output constraints into account by flexibly using hyperbolic tangent and barrier Lyapunov functions. Informative simulation studies are carried out to understand the operations of the machine and evaluate the controller quality.
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Gasparov, Erik, Lana Gasparova, and Gevorg Markosyan. "VIBRATORY ACTIVITY INVESTIGATION OF GRINDING MACHINE ELECTRIC SPINDLES." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2021, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-6-23-29.
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The purpose of this work is to support dynamic properties of spindle units in grinding machines. For this there are problems under solution for the definition of the origin of the constituents in the spindle unit vibratory activity by means of the linear increase of electric spindle rotation frequency, obtaining and analyzing a vibratory acceleration signal for the possibility to determine a preload. The vibratory acceleration signal was investigated through a spectrum analysis method.
A scientific novelty of investigation consists in the substantiation of possibility to determine a preload by means of the spectrum analysis of a vibration acceleration signal at the linear increase of spindle rotation frequency that is at starting. It gives, in its turn, a possibility for the automated estimate of the spindle unit state before cutting beginning. In the experimental way there are obtained temporal realizations of the vibratory acceleration signal at different efforts of the preload. A high-speed grinding motor-spindle is as a basic element of the bench, which was investigated through the methods of testing diagnostics in the operation. In the bench design there were made some alterations. The bench was supplemented with the systems essential to support motor-spindle full operation, in particular: with systems of lubrication, cooling and drive control. There was revealed a large number of harmonics multiple to 50 Hz, which tells of the connection with the frequency of power supply circuit. Their coincidence with the own frequencies of the spindle unit results in the considerable increase of their amplitudes.
To increase dynamic quality one should avoid the cases of the coincidence of switching frequencies and circuit harmonics with own frequencies of the electric spindle. It is also necessary to bring a form of power voltage to a pure harmonic oscillation to decrease the impact of a drive electromagnetic field upon dynamic characteristics of the spindle unit.
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Masuike, Hisako, and Akira Ikuta. "Statistical Signal Processing by Using the Higher-Order Correlation between Sound and Vibration and Its Application to Fault Detection of Rotational Machine." Advances in Acoustics and Vibration 2008 (December 23, 2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/828562.
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In this study, a stochastic diagnosis method based on the changing information of not only a linear correlation but also a higher-order nonlinear correlation is proposed in a form suitable for online signal processing in time domain by using a personal computer, especially in order to find minutely the mutual relationship between sound and vibration emitted from rotational machines. More specifically, a conditional probability hierarchically reflecting various types of correlation information is theoretically derived by introducing an expression on the multidimensional probability distribution in orthogonal expansion series form. The effectiveness of the proposed theory is experimentally confirmed by applying it to the observed data emitted from a rotational machine driven by an electric motor.
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Fang, Shan Feng, Yuan Shan Han, and Ming Pu Wang. "Prediction of Electrical Conductivity of Cu-15Ni-8Sn-XSi Alloys Using the Physical Model and Artificial Intelligence Model." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 1138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.1138.
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The kinetics of phase transformation in Cu-15Ni-8Sn-XSi alloys alloy was studied through the measurement of the relationship between electric conductivity and volume friction of the new phase. The phase transformation kinetics equation was deduced from the Avrami empirical formula based on the linear relationship between the electrical conductivity and the volume fraction of the phase transformation. The electrical conductivity calculated by the physical model was also obtained. As comparisons, a new model based on least square support vector machines (LSSVM) and capable of forecasting electrical property of Cu-15Ni-8Sn-XSi alloys has been proposed and tested on the same data. The present calculated results of both the physical and artificial intelligence models are in very good agreement with the experimental values. Two models are feasible and efficient to forecast the electrical conductivity of Cu-15Ni-8Sn-XSi alloys.
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Yao, Yihua, Yi Chen, Qinfen Lu, Xiaoyan Huang, and Yunyue Ye. "Analysis of thrust ripple harmonics on different electric loadings in PM linear synchronous machines with skewed PMs." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 35, no. 2 (March 7, 2016): 655–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-12-2015-0444.
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Purpose – Permanent magnet linear synchronous machines (PMLSMs) have large thrust ripple due to the longitudinal end effect caused by the finite length of the armature compared with rotary machines. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of electric loading on thrust ripple performances based on a 12 slots/14 poles (12S/14P) PMLSM. Furthermore, the method of skewed PMs to reduce thrust ripple is investigated based on multi slices 2D finite element (FE) models. Design/methodology/approach – The thrust ripple of PMLSM under open-circuit condition results from the slotting and the longitudinal end effects. Therefore, periodical model has been designed to clarify the effect of the longitudinal end effect. Under on-load condition, the thrust ripple increases and exhibits an effective component of thrust force. To analyze the thrust ripple under on-load condition, frozen permeability (FP) technique is employed. In addition, the method of skewed PMs is analyzed in this paper to obtain more smooth thrust force performance. The effectiveness of skewing accounting for skew angles, step skew numbers and slot/pole number combinations was highlighted. Findings – The longitudinal end effect dominates the thrust ripple of PMLSM in both cases, i.e., open-circuit and on-load conditions. Under on-load condition, the second harmonic component of thrust ripple related to flux linkage harmonics increases significantly. Moreover, the effectiveness of skewed PMs is largely reduced with the increase of magnetic saturation. At last, a proper skew angle and step skew number are obtained for the conventional PMLSM with fractional-slot winding. Originality/value – By 60 electrical degrees and two or three step skewed PMs, the thrust ripple can be decreased to a tolerable limite for conventional PMLSM. The thrust ripple harmonics contributed by longitudinal end effect and flux linkage harmonics are analyzed, respectively, which is beneficial to exploring other techniques such as adding end auxiliary teeth to obtain lower thrust force pulsation.
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Lee, Jeong-In, Kyung-Hun Shin, Tae-Kyoung Bang, Kyong-Hwan Kim, Key-Yong Hong, and Jang-Young Choi. "Core-Loss Analysis of Linear Magnetic Gears Using the Analytical Method." Energies 14, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 2905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102905.
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In this study, analysis of core-loss occurring in the magnetic flux modulation core of a linear magnetic gear and the core of each mover is presented, using an analytical method. Losses in electric machines were generally calculated and analyzed using the finite element method (FEM). However, in the case of core-loss, the exact loss value could not be calculated using FEM data. Therefore, we considered the harmonic component of the air-gap magnetic flux density waveform with the modified Steinmetz equation, and performed a more accurate core-loss analysis with magnetic behavior analysis. Thus, we performed a calculated core-loss characteristic comparison with the FEM and the modified Steinmetz equation.
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Chirkov, Dmitrii Andreevich, Aleksandr Dmitrievich Korotayev, and Evgenii Aleksandrovich Chabanov. "Improving the efficiency of an electric drive with a cylindrical linear alternating current electronic engine." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i1.pp58-67.
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Currently, linear motors find increasingly wide application in various industrial sectors. These motors feature a range of advantages including the absence of compound mechanical power transmissions between a motor and an actuator, simple design, and performance reliability. These advantages determine application of linear motors in electric drive systems of a range of industrial mechanisms including liquid metal and melt transfer units, various transport systems, and metal working and grinding machines. As an illustration, the article addresses submersible cylindrical linear alternating current electronic engines used for rodless oil extraction. Practice shows that the overall efficiency of such units is extremely low. This article is dedicated to the determination of performance and power/angle characteristics of such linear motors, their main energy indicators 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 and efficiency at various supply voltage frequencies. It is shown that 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 at all supply voltage frequencies remains very high, while the efficiency is extremely low. The main way to increase the engine efficiency is to increase the frequency of its supply voltage as much as possible. It is proposed to extend the results obtained to other possible industrial applications of linear electric drives.
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Gasparjans, Aleksandrs, Aleksandrs Terebkovs, and Anastasia Zhiravetska. "Voltage Spectral Structure as a Parameter of System Technical Diagnostics of Ship Diesel Engine-Synchronous Generators." Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 8, no. 1 (July 1, 2015): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ecce-2015-0005.
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Abstract A method of technical diagnostics of ship diesel engine – generator installation – is proposed. Spectral-power diagnostic parameters of the synchronous generator voltage and currents are used. The electric machine in this case is the multipurpose sensor of diagnostic parameters. A judgment on the quality of the operational processes in diesel engine cylinders and its technical condition is possible on the basis of these parameters. This method is applicable to piston compressor installations with electric drive. On the basis of such parameters as rotating torque, angular speed and angular acceleration it is possible to estimate the quality of the operating process in the cylinders of a diesel engine, the condition of its cylinder-piston group and the crank gear mechanism. The investigation was realized on the basis of a diesel-generator with linear load. The generator operation was considered for the case of constant RL load. Together with the above mentioned, the condition of bearings of synchronous machines, uniformity of the air gap, windings of the electric machine were estimated during the experiments as well. The frequency spectrum of the stator current of the generator was researched and analyzed. In this case the synchronous machine is becoming a rather exact multipurpose diagnostic sensor. The signal of non-uniformity in the operation process of diesel engine cylinders and its technical condition is the increasing of the amplitudes of typical frequencies.
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Kryukov, Oleg, Igor Gulyayev, and Dmitriy Teplukhov. "Decision-making System Algorithms for the Maintenance and Forecasting of Automated Electric Drives." Известия высших учебных заведений. Электромеханика 65, no. 4 (2022): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17213/0136-3360-2022-4-72-78.
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The control system algorithms for the technical condition of complex automated electric drive systems using forecast-ing are presented, which make it possible to increase the efficiency of the maintenance systems implementation. Ap-proaches to forecasting the state of the driving synchronous electric motors of technological installations as discrete stochastic systems that provide reliable information on the state in an on-line mode have been considered. A logical-probabilistic diagnostic model of the decision-making system on the need for technical diagnostics procedures has been formed. The proposed method has been tested on synchronous machines of the STD-12500-2 type, which operate as drive electric motors for gas-pumping units at linear compressor stations of the main gas transport.
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Arhun, S., Yu Borodenko, A. Hnatov, A. Popova, H. Hnatova, N. Kunicina, A. Ziravecka, A. Zabasta, and L. Ribickis. "Choice of Parameters for the Electrodrive Diagnostic System of Hybrid Vehicle Traction." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 57, no. 4 (August 1, 2020): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2020-0017.
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AbstractWhen operating a hybrid vehicle (HEV), it is important to reduce maintenance and repair costs. The HEV electric drive (ED) consists of electronic, electrical and mechanical parts and is considered a complex diagnostic model. The availability of an electrical part greatly simplifies the process of monitoring and obtaining information about the state of the system. In order to create a hybrid diesel-electric propulsion system (HDEPS), the choice of structural and functional parameters as diagnostic ones is justified, the control points are chosen, and the necessary accuracy and unambiguity of measurements are determined. Qualitative evaluations of the electrical processes occurring in the power supply circuit of ED from a high-voltage accumulator battery for the selection of diagnostic parameters according to the criteria of sensitivity, informative character, stability and manufacturability of measurements are presented. It has been revealed that during HDEPS diagnostics both stable and transient modes of operation of electric machines should be considered; for analysis of ED technical state it is necessary to have information about current mode of HDEPS load; for measurement of instantaneous values of supply voltage and consumption current it is necessary to select the sensors with short response time and linear conversion function. In terms of sensitivity to structural changes in the circuit and parametric deviations, it is necessary to choose, as diagnostic parameters, the voltage or current, depending on the mode of operation of the ED and the point of measurement of the electrical value. The obtained results are the basis for creating a new system of diagnostics of electric power supply HDEPS in this direction.
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Winczek, Jerzy, Marek Gucwa, and Łukasz Skroński. "Estimation of Heat Energy in Regeneration of Agricultural Machine Parts by Welding Methods." Agricultural Engineering 24, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agriceng-2020-0030.
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Abstract In the paper, the method of calculating the welding energy needed to regenerate parts of agricultural machines by welding (joining) or surfacing (rebuilding, hardfacing) is presented. Problems with the lack of adequacy of the commonly used formula for linear welding energy to the actual amount of heat introduced into the welded joint are discussed. A volumetric approach based on the effective amount of heat generated by the electric arc introduced per unit volume of the weld was proposed. The simplified formulas for volumetric energy are presented. The considerations are illustrated with examples of calculations. The analyzed examples include the use of a computerized stand for geometric measurements of metallographic specimens. The proposed volumetric method of calculating the amount of heat introduced into the welded joint is a more realistic indicator of heat demand than linear energy. On the other hand, based on the volume of the weld (padding weld), it allows to determine the amount of energy needed to regenerate machine parts, including agricultural ones.
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Böttcher, Philipp C., Dirk Witthaut, and Leonardo Rydin Gorjão. "Dynamic stability of electric power grids: Tracking the interplay of the network structure, transmission losses, and voltage dynamics." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 32, no. 5 (May 2022): 053117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0082712.
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Dynamic stability is imperative for the operation of the electric power system. This article provides analytical results and effective stability criteria focusing on the interplay of network structures and the local dynamics of synchronous machines. The results are based on an extensive linear stability analysis of the third-order model for synchronous machines, comprising the classical power-swing equations and the voltage dynamics. The article addresses the impact of Ohmic losses, which are important in distribution and microgrids but often neglected in analytical studies. We compute the shift of the stability boundaries to leading order, and thus provide a detailed qualitative picture of the impact of Ohmic losses. A subsequent numerical study of the criteria is presented, without and with resistive terms, to test how tight the derived analytical results are.
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Augustaitis, Vytautas Kazimieras, V. Gičan, I. Iljin, N. Šešok, and Vilius Geleževičius. "Model of a Multi-Sectional Web Offset Printing Press Drive Section, Controlled by Electronic Shaft." Solid State Phenomena 113 (June 2006): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.113.103.
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For synchronization of sections of modern printing machines and equipment of such sections, driven by individual drives the system of “electronic shaft” is widely used. A development of the mathematical model of such a local drive, consisting of mechanical and electric-electronic parts as well as links between them, is provided. The model with an effective adaptive control block for increasing accuracy of the drive is provided in the form of a structural scheme. It, first of all, is usable for investigations of linear and nonlinear dynamic processes that take place in the mechanical part of the drive. Processes that take place in the electric drive are not detailed in this article. An example of the application of the model is provided.
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Safin, A. R., I. V. Ivshin, E. I. Gracheva, and T. I. Petrov. "Development of a mathematical model of an autonomous power supply source with a free piston motor on the basis of a synchronous electric returning machine with a permanent magnets." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 22, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2020-22-1-38-48.
Full textAbstract:
One of the current trends at present is the development of small energy, which is a particularly urgent task for the Russian Federation with its vast territories and the specifics of the electric power system. In the Russian Federation, the bulk of the electricity is generated at large power plants and transmitted through power lines. 60–70% of the country's territory lacks a centralized power supply, where more than 20 million people live, and the development of small and micro-energy facilities is necessary. Using a synchronous electric reciprocating machine with permanent magnets in power plants of a modular type makes it possible to rationally design an autonomous power supply source, to obtain the most optimal design. The development of methodological design decisions and the optimization of engine design parameters as part of generating and drive complexes is an important scientific task. A mathematical description of thermodynamic processes in a free-piston internal combustion engine, electromechanical and thermal processes occurring in a synchronous electric reciprocating machine with permanent magnets is developed, which is a necessary condition for designing and optimizing the design of an autonomous electric power complex. According to theoretical calculations, in the Matlab application, on the basis of the additional Simulink module, a simulation model of a free-piston internal combustion engine, linear current load calculation units, stator magnetic induction, magnetic induction created by permanent inductor magnets, electromagnetic force were developed and calculated. The created procedure for calculating the parameters of the electromagnetic component of the force of a synchronous machine with permanent magnets allows you to calculate and optimize the design parameters of the inductor and stator element of the electric motor under consideration. Thus, this will allow us to design electric machines with improved energy characteristics, due to the use of the obtained simulation results, which will allow us to use them more efficiently in the composition of generating and drive complexes.
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Kullick, Julian, and Christoph M. Hackl. "Speed-Sensorless Control of Induction Machines with LC Filter for Geothermal Electric Submersible Pumping Systems." Machines 10, no. 2 (January 25, 2022): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10020087.
Full textAbstract:
A speed-sensorless state-feedback controller for induction machines (IMs) with LC filter is proposed. The speed and state estimation is based on a speed-adaptive observer, requiring only the measurement of the filter input currents. The motor currents are controlled by a state-feedback controller with prefilter and integral control action, in order to achieve fast and asymptotic set point tracking. Observer and controller gains are calculated offline using linear quadratic regulator (LQR) theory and updated online (gain-scheduling) in order to attain stability and improve controller performance in the whole operation range. Implementation aspects, such as discretization of the control system and reduction of computational effort, are taken into account as well. The proposed control scheme is validated by simulations and experimental results, even for critical operating conditions such as speed zero-crossings. It is shown that the overall control system performs very well under various load- and speed conditions; while its tuning remains simple which makes it attractive for industrial application such as geothermal electric submersible pumping (ESP) systems.