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Journal articles on the topic 'Linguistic approximation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Chen, Xiangtang, Bingzhen Sun, Xinrui Zhang, et al. "An approach to multiple attribute decision making based on linguistic value soft rough set and VIKOR method." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 5 (2021): 9609–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-202085.

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Linguistic variable is an effective method of representation the preferences of a decision-maker for inaccuracy available information in decision making under uncertainty. This article investigates a multiple attribute ranking decision making problem with linguistic preference by using linguistic value soft rough set. Firstly, we present the definition of linguistic value fuzzy set by introducing the concept of linguistic variable into the original Zadeh’s fuzzy set. We then define the concept of linguistic value soft set and the pseudo linguistic value soft set over the alternative set and pa

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2

Jayez, Jacques. "Sémantique et approximation." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 11, no. 1 (1987): 157–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.11.1.07jay.

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Semantics and approximation: the presquel'a peine problem. "Scalar" linguistic items, such as those involving fuzziness and approximation, seemingly support the view that natural language is free from any deductive process, and calls rather for a sociology of arguing or applied fuzzy set theory. Observation suggests that some of these items are in fact correlated with complex reasoning-like features, in which linguistic hierarchies (most notably presuppositional ones) and dynamic logical properties (under the generic label of "partial inference") get entangled. In French, presque and à peine e

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Kiklewicz, Aleksander. "Active processes in the terminology of modern linguistics." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 11, no. 1 (2020): 335–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.5993.

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The author considers the problem of linguistic terminology in the context of changes which took place in linguistics of the late XXth century and the beginning of the XXIth century under the influence of postmodern culture. The changes in linguistics depend primarily on such characteristics of postmodernism as irrationalism (anti-scientism), pragmacentrism (sociocentrism) and simulacrism. The author shows how linguistic terminology changes in the new cultural conditions and distinguishes between four phenomena: ambisemy, transfusion, complication and approximation. Taking a critical (normative

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Tah, J. H. M., A. Thorpe, and R. McCaffer. "Contractor project risks contingency allocation using linguistic approximation." Computing Systems in Engineering 4, no. 2-3 (1993): 281–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-0521(93)90052-x.

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5

Hamawand, Zeki. "The Notion of Approximation in Language." Cognitive Semantics 3, no. 1 (2017): 95–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23526416-00301004.

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This paper seeks to explicate the notion of approximation in language: the state of being close or near to a desired number or amount. Approximation is used to reflect a lack of exact knowledge. This paper adopts Cognitive Semantics and attempts to apply two of its fundamental claims to the description of markers denoting approximation. One claim is that all linguistic elements posited in language have semantic content. On the basis of this claim, the paper argues that a marker of approximation has conceptual content of its own which conditions its presence in a construction. Each marker adds

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HERRERA-VIEDMA, E., A. G. LÓPEZ-HERRERA, M. LUQUE, and C. PORCEL. "A FUZZY LINGUISTIC IRS MODEL BASED ON A 2-TUPLE FUZZY LINGUISTIC APPROACH." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 15, no. 02 (2007): 225–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488507004534.

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Information Retrieval Systems (IRSs) based on an ordinal fuzzy linguistic approach present some problems of loss of information and lack of precision when working with discrete linguistic expression domains or when applying approximation operations in the symbolic aggregation methods. In this paper, we present a new IRS model based on the 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic approach, which allows us to overcome the problems of ordinal fuzzy linguistic IRSs and improve their performance.

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Vasyliev, Oleksii, Oleksandr Chalyi, and Ilona Vasylieva. "Mathematical Methods and Models in Linguistics." Ukraina Moderna 27, no. 27 (2019): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/uam.2019.27.1060.

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In this article, relevant approaches to creating and using mathematical models in linguistics are examined. Analyzed are the types of mathematical methods used to solve linguistic tasks. Also investigated are the fundamental principles for creating mathematical models. Stressed in particular is that the approach usually applied in solving physical tasks can be effective. Its typical feature is that a universal theory explaining the interaction among a system’s functional elements on the most general level is the basis of the model. In this case, the necessary approximating dependencies are not

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Campello, R. J. G. B., and W. Caradori do Amaral. "Hierarchical fuzzy relational models: linguistic interpretation and universal approximation." IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems 14, no. 3 (2006): 446–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2006.876365.

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9

Degani, Rosanna, and Giovanni Bortolan. "The problem of linguistic approximation in clinical decision making." International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 2, no. 2 (1988): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0888-613x(88)90073-4.

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Degani, Rosanna, and Giovanni Bortolan. "The problem of linguistic approximation in clinical decision making." International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 2, no. 2 (1988): 143–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0888-613x(88)90105-3.

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11

Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, Barbara. "Partial Perception and Approximate Understanding." Research in Language 15, no. 2 (2017): 129–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rela-2017-0009.

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What is discussed in the present paper is the assumption concerning a human narrowed sense of perception of external world and, resulting from this, a basically approximate nature of concepts that are to portray it. Apart from the perceptual vagueness, other types of vagueness are also discussed, involving both the nature of things, indeterminacy of linguistic expressions and psycho-sociological conditioning of discourse actions in one language and in translational contexts. The second part of the paper discusses the concept of conceptual and linguistic resemblance (similarity, equivalence) an

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12

Cheng, Yi. "A Quantitative Approach to the Study on Length-Frequency Relationship of English Patterns." International Journal of Linguistics Studies 3, no. 2 (2023): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijls.2023.3.2.1.

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As a master of lexicology and corpus-driven linguistic studies, pattern grammar shares the features of concern on collocation and approximation to natural language, which provides an optimization idea for the extensively used phrase structure grammar and dependency grammar in natural language processing. This research adopts the methods of quantitative linguistics, taking patterns as the research focus to explore the length-frequency relationship of patterns, verify Zipf law and synergic linguistic model in respect of patterns, and analyze the usage characteristics of patterns in different reg

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13

Dvořák, A. "On linguistic approximation in the frame of fuzzy logic deduction." Soft Computing 3, no. 2 (1999): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00009887.

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14

Le, Anh Phuong, Hoai Nhan Tran, Thi Uyen Thi Nguyen, and Dinh Khang Tran. "An approach for linguistic multi-attribute decision making based on linguistic many-valued logic." International Journal of Advances in Intelligent Informatics 8, no. 1 (2022): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26555/ijain.v8i1.820.

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There are various types of multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problems in our daily lives and decision-making problems under uncertain environments with vague and imprecise information involved. Therefore, linguistic multi-attribute decision-making problems are an important type studied extensively. Besides, it is easier for decision-makers to use linguistic terms to evaluate/choose among alternatives in real life. Based on the theoretical foundation of the Hedge algebra and linguistic many-valued logic, this study aims to address multi-attribute decision-making problems by linguistic valu

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FÉLIX, PAULO, SANTIAGO FRAGA, SENÉN BARRO, and ROQUE MARÍN. "LINGUISTIC REPRESENTATION OF FUZZY TEMPORAL PROFILES." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 07, no. 03 (1999): 243–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488599000180.

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We take as a setting point the Fuzzy Temporal Profile (FTP) model, which is used to describe the temporal evolution of a certain physical parameter. This model defines the approximation of an evolution curve by means of a set of linear sections between a series of significant points (X0, X1, …, XN), and in which each section is defined by means of an imprecise constraint on the duration, the increase in value and the slope between the points connected by the section. Following the FTP model we present a language for the representation of trends, the semantics of which is projected onto a fuzzy

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16

Ahmadi Anvigh, M. "On linguistic approximation of uncertainty quantities based on signal-noise ratio." Communications on Advanced Computational Science with Applications 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5899/2013/cacsa-00008.

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Xia, Eric, and Jugal Kalita. "Linear Decoding of Morphology Relations in Language Models (Student Abstract)." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 39, no. 28 (2025): 29532–34. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i28.35315.

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The recent success of transformer language models owes much to their conversational fluency, which includes linguistic and morphological proficiency. An affine Taylor approximation has been found to be a good approximation for transformer computations over certain factual and encyclopedic relations. We show that the truly linear approximation W s, where s is a early layer representation of the base form and W is a local model derivative, is necessary and sufficient to approximate morphological derivation, achieving above 80% top-1 accuracy across most morphological tasks in the Bigger Analogy

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Xu, Jia Xin, Yan Wei, Feng Qiu, and Bo Sun. "Novel Long-Term Information Based Language Identification." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 1805–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.1805.

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A novel long-term information feature for language identification called shifted cepstra curve (SCC) is presented in this paper. Long-term information consists of information over multiple frames, which are commonly used in language identification systems. For instance, in parallel phone recognition language model (PPRLM), the feature vector contains not only information surpassing multiple frames but also linguistic knowledge [1]. However high computational cost for modeling linguistic gram may preclude their use in tasks which demand low memory. By contrast, experiments have proved that ling

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19

Barcena, Elena, Timothy Read, and Beatriz Sedano. "An Approximation to Inclusive Language in LMOOCs Based on Appraisal Theory." Open Linguistics 6, no. 1 (2020): 38–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opli-2020-0003.

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AbstractThis article explores inclusive language as a form of verbal communication in an open online language course for refugees and migrants. Firstly, the existing evidence of the benefits of using inclusive language in education is analyzed. Secondly, the specific need to use this type of language in the context of online courses for displaced people is discussed. Thirdly, a first approximation towards the identification of linguistic resources that may impact both group inclusion and individual discrimination is attempted, based on principles and categories from Appraisal Theory. Fourthly,

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Borys, Sytnik, Bryksin Volodymyr, Yatsko Sergiy, and Vashchenko Yaroslav. "CONSTRUCTION OF AN ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR LIMITING THE COMPLEXITY OF NEURAL-FUZZY MODELS WITH GUARANTEED ACCURACY." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 4 (98) (2019): 6–13. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2019.160719.

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We have proposed an analytical method for limiting the complexity of neural-fuzzy models that provide for the guaranteed accuracy of their implementation when approximating functions with two or more derivatives. The method makes it possible to determine the required minimal number of parameters for systems that employ fuzzy logic, as well as neural models. We have estimated the required number of neurons (terms) in a model, which ensure the accuracy required for the area of a model curve to approach the system one along the sections of function approximation. The estimate for an approximation

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21

Sancho Ugalde, María, and Johnny Fallas Monge. "Actitudes lingüísticas de vallecentraleños hacia la variedad lingüística del español de Guanacaste." Revista Nuevo Humanismo 13, no. 1 (2025): 1–38. https://doi.org/10.15359/rnh.13-1.19727.

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Introduction. This paper analyzes the linguistic behaviors present in a sampleof Central Valley students, or vallecentraleños, from the National University of Costa Rica —Regional Chorotega Campus and Omar Dengo Campus —towards the linguistic variation of Spanish spoken in Guanacaste. Objective. Analyze the linguistic behaviors in a sample of students from the Central Valley from the National University of Costa Rica towards the linguistic variation of Spanish spoken in Guanacaste. Methodology. In order to accomplish the previously defined objective, a five-point Likert-type questionnaire is u

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Järvinen, Jouni, Michiro Kondo, and Jari Kortelainen. "Modal-Like Operators in Boolean Lattices, Galois Connections and Fixed Points." Fundamenta Informaticae 76, no. 1-2 (2007): 129–45. https://doi.org/10.3233/fun-2007-761-209.

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In this work, four modal-like operators on Boolean lattices are introduced and their theory is presented from lattice-theoretical, topological and algebraic point of view. It is also shown how rough set approximation operators, modal operators in temporal logic, and linguistic modifiers determined by L-sets can be interpreted as modal-like operators.

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Langer, Stefan. "A linguistic test battery for support verb constructions." Verbes supports 27, no. 2 (2005): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.27.2.03lan.

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Semi-compositional verb–noun constructions have been investigated under various labels in the different linguistic traditions. In this article we start from the quite well defined notion of support verb construction to present a battery of linguistic tests to distinguish truly semi-compositional constructions from semantically compositional verb–noun combinations on the one hand and from idiomatic constructions on the other. The tests are not genuinely designed by the author but collected from various linguistic investigations on such constructions. As the concept of support verb construction

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Stańczak, Karolina, Lucas Torroba Hennigen, Adina Williams, Ryan Cotterell, and Isabelle Augenstein. "A Latent-Variable Model for Intrinsic Probing." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 11 (2023): 13591–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i11.26593.

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The success of pre-trained contextualized representations has prompted researchers to analyze them for the presence of linguistic information. Indeed, it is natural to assume that these pre-trained representations do encode some level of linguistic knowledge as they have brought about large empirical improvements on a wide variety of NLP tasks, which suggests they are learning true linguistic generalization. In this work, we focus on intrinsic probing, an analysis technique where the goal is not only to identify whether a representation encodes a linguistic attribute but also to pinpoint where

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25

Liang, Xia, Fei Teng, and Yan Sun. "Multiple Group Decision Making for Selecting Emergency Alternatives: A Novel Method Based on the LDWPA Operator and LD-MABAC." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 8 (2020): 2945. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082945.

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When an emergency event occurs, it is critical to respond in the shortest possible time. Therefore, the rationality and effectiveness of emergency decisions are the key links in emergency management. In this paper, with aims to investigate the problem of emergency alternatives selection, in which a large number of experts from multiple groups consider the linguistic evaluations of emergency alternatives and prior orders of criteria, a novel emergency decision method is proposed. First, many experts from multiple subgroups are employed to evaluate the emergency alternatives associated with mult

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Yao, Yanping, Ziming Kou, Wenjun Meng, and Gang Han. "Overall Performance Evaluation of Tubular Scraper Conveyors Using a TOPSIS-Based Multiattribute Decision-Making Method." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/753080.

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Properly evaluating the overall performance of tubular scraper conveyors (TSCs) can increase their overall efficiency and reduce economic investments, but such methods have rarely been studied. This study evaluated the overall performance of TSCs based on the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Three conveyors of the same type produced in the same factory were investigated. Their scraper space, material filling coefficient, and vibration coefficient of the traction components were evaluated. A mathematical model of the multiattribute decision matrix was

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Rahim, Nuraini, Lazim Abdullah, and Binyamin Yusoff. "A Border Approximation Area Approach Considering Bipolar Neutrosophic Linguistic Variable for Sustainable Energy Selection." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (2020): 3971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12103971.

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In the last few decades, the computational methods under Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) have experienced significant growth in research interests from various scientific communities. Multi-Attributive Border Approximation area Comparison (MABAC) is one of the MCDM methods where its computation procedures are based on distances and areas, and able to express a complex decision systematically. Previous literature have suggested the combination of MABAC with fuzzy sets, in which this combination is used to solve problems that are characterized by uncertain and incomplete information. Diffe

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Liu, Peide, Hongxue Xu, and Witold Pedrycz. "A normal wiggly hesitant fuzzy linguistic projection‐based multiattributive border approximation area comparison method." International Journal of Intelligent Systems 35, no. 3 (2020): 432–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/int.22213.

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29

Wildemann, Anja. "Conceptual Change and language-related concepts – an approximation." Conceptual Change in language-related teaching-learning contexts 37, no. 4 (2024): 366–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.62350/skuq5169.

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The construct of conceptual change is used in teaching-learning research to express the change in learners' specialised concepts. This profound change relates to ideas and knowledge structures. However, there is no standardised theory of conceptual change, as proposed by research in the natural sciences; rather, there are two central perspectives and various forms of interpretation. In the German didactic discourse, there is more frequent talk of ideas or pre-concepts that students have in relation to language, but this is not usually based on a comprehensive theoretical understanding of conce

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Bhattacharya (Halder), Sharmistha, and Bijan Davvaz. "Some More Results on IF Soft Rough Approximation Space." International Journal of Combinatorics 2011 (December 21, 2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/893061.

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Fuzzy sets, rough sets, and later on IF sets became useful mathematical tools for solving various decision making problems and data mining problems. Molodtsov introduced another concept soft set theory as a general frame work for reasoning about vague concepts. Since most of the data collected are either linguistic variable or consist of vague concepts so IF set and soft set help a lot in data mining problem. The aim of this paper is to introduce the concept of IF soft lower rough approximation and IF upper rough set approximation. Also, some properties of this set are studied, and also some p

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Moujabbir, Mohammed, Khalid Bahani, Mohammed Ramdani, and Hamza Ali-Ou-Salah. "Wind power forecasting model based on linguistic fuzzy rules." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 12, no. 4 (2023): 2372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/beei.v12i4.4733.

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The design and operationalization of a wind energy system is mainly based on wind speed and wind direction, theses parameters depend on several geographic, temporal, and climatic factors. Fluctuating factors such as climate cause irregularities in wind energy production. Therefore, wind power forecasting is necessary before using wind power systems. Furthermore, in order to make informed decisions, it is necessary to explain the system's predictions to stakeholders. The explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) provides an interactive interface for intelligent systems to interact with machines

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Moujabbir, Mohammed, Khalid Bahani, Mohammed Ramdani, and Hamza Ali-Ou-Salah. "Wind power forecasting model based on linguistic fuzzy rules." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 12, no. 4 (2023): 2372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v12i4.4733.

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The design and operationalization of a wind energy system is mainly based on wind speed and wind direction, theses parameters depend on several geographic, temporal, and climatic factors. Fluctuating factors such as climate cause irregularities in wind energy production. Therefore, wind power forecasting is necessary before using wind power systems. Furthermore, in order to make informed decisions, it is necessary to explain the system's predictions to stakeholders. The explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) provides an interactive interface for intelligent systems to interact with machines

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33

Engel, E. A., and V. A. Petrova. "New Formats of Interaction Between the Author and the Reader as a Parameter of Linguistic Creativity in <i>Spider-Man</i>, <i>The Incredible Hulk</i>, and <i>Daredevil</i> Comic Books." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 24, no. 2 (2022): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2022-24-2-273-282.

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According to linguistic creativity studies, the text is a product of creative activity of the author, who uses linguistic innovations and creative means mainly at the lexical level. However, linguistic creativity can manifest itself at any linguistic level. The present research featured the manifestation of linguistic creativity at the level of communication and discourse. The paper describes the formats of interaction between the author and the reader in the text of a comic book, which acts as a parameter of linguistic creativity on the communicative and discursive level. American comic books

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34

Wei, Guiwu, Cun Wei, Jiang Wu, and Hongjun Wang. "Supplier Selection of Medical Consumption Products with a Probabilistic Linguistic MABAC Method." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24 (2019): 5082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245082.

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In order to obtain an optimal medical consumption product supplier, the integration of combined weights and multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) under probabilistic linguistic sets (PLTSs) has offered a novel integrated model in which the CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) method is employed for calculating the objective weights of various attributes and the MABAC method with PLTSs is used to acquire the final ranking result of a medical consumption product supplier. Additionally, so as to indicate the applicability of the devised method, t

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Alsultan, Marharyta. "The Aspect of Perspectiveness of the English Verbs." International Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities (IJSSH) 2, no. 1 (2017): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.58885/ijssh.v2i1.65.ma.

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The category of perspectiveness has long been the subject for research of many scientists. It is defined as the concept of an action that has to happen in the near future and it reflects understanding of action inevitability. In the given paper the author describes the category of perspectiveness linguistically using onomasiological approach. Since linguistic expression allows to distinguish between several shades of action, we can say that the category of perspectiveness is represented by a number of separate conceptual situations, including the “intention” (“intentionality”), “willingness to

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Wu, Dongrui, and Jerry M. Mendel. "A vector similarity measure for linguistic approximation: Interval type-2 and type-1 fuzzy sets." Information Sciences 178, no. 2 (2008): 381–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2007.04.014.

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Baklazhenko, Yu. "TRANSLATION OF LEGAL NEOLOGISMS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TERM "INSIGNIFICANT CASE"." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Legal Studies, no. 117 (2021): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2195/2021/2.117-2.

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The article deals with the issue on translating legal terms from Ukrainian into English on the basis of a case study of a newly-coined term in Ukrainian legislation – 'maloznachna sprava'. The relevance of the topic of legal translation from English into Ukrainian and vice versa has become especially acute in light of the Ukraine-EU approximation agreement. While the introduction of simplified civil proceedings is itself a step towards the approximation of Ukrainian legislation to the EU, the next stage will inevitably be comparing and contrasting the existing terms within the Ukrainian and EU

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Guzmán Naranjo, Matías, and Gerhard Jäger. "Euclide, the crow, the wolf and the pedestrian: distance metrics for linguistic typology." Open Research Europe 3 (June 21, 2023): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.16141.1.

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It is common for people working on linguistic geography, language contact and typology to make use of some type of distance metric between lects. However, most work so far has either used Euclidean distances, or geodesic distance, both of which do not represent the real separation between communities very accurately. This paper presents two datasets: one on walking distances and one on topographic distances between over 8700 lects across all macro-areas. We calculated walking distances using Open Street Maps data, and topographic distances using digital elevation data. We evaluate these distan

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Fan, Yongqing, Wenqing Wang, Xiangkui Jiang, and Zhen Li. "Decentralized fuzzy linguistic control of multiple robotic manipulators with guaranteed global stability." Interaction Studies 20, no. 1 (2019): 185–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.18008.fan.

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Abstract A decentralized adaptive control based on human linguistic is investigated to learn human behaviors for multiple robotic manipulators. Many experts’ words or sentences can be transferred into the control actions by employing membership functions in robot systems, which can be synthesized fuzzy controller by employing reasoning mechanism. For the unknown model dynamical robot manipulators, one adjustable parameter that relates to the approximation accuracy of fuzzy logic systems is introduced at first, which be utilized to deal with the unknown dynamics of robot manipulators. Switching

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Shi, Hua, Lin Huang, Ke Li, Xiang-Hu Wang, and Hu-Chen Liu. "An Extended Multi-Attributive Border Approximation Area Comparison Method for Emergency Decision Making with Complex Linguistic Information." Mathematics 10, no. 19 (2022): 3437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10193437.

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In recent years, different types of emergency events have taken place frequently around the world. Emergencies need to be addressed in the shortest possible time since inappropriate or delayed decisions may result in severe secondary disasters and economic losses. To make emergency decisions effectively within a limited time, a new emergency decision-making model is proposed in this study based on double hierarchy hesitant linguistic term sets (DHHLTSs) and the multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) method. First, the performance assessment information on emergency solu

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Nayagam, V. Lakshmana Gomathi, and Jagadeeswari Murugan. "Hexagonal fuzzy approximation of fuzzy numbers and its applications in MCDM." Complex & Intelligent Systems 7, no. 3 (2021): 1459–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40747-020-00242-4.

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AbstractNumerous research papers and several engineering applications have proved that the fuzzy set theory is an intelligent effective tool to represent complex uncertain information. In fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making (fuzzy MCDM) methods, intelligent information system and fuzzy control-theoretic models, complex qualitative information are extracted from expert’s knowledge as linguistic variables and are modeled by linear/non-linear fuzzy numbers. In numerical computations and experiments, the information/data are fitted by nonlinear functions for better accuracy which may be little ha

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Wei, Guiwu, Yan He, Fan Lei, Jiang Wu, Cun Wei, and Yanfeng Guo. "Green supplier selection with an uncertain probabilistic linguistic MABAC method." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 39, no. 3 (2020): 3125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-191584.

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In recent years, with the increased voice for protecting the environment by the people all over the world, the governments also have actively adopted more and more measures to further promote environmental conservation and sustainable development. Traditional procurement approaches have not well updated to the current needs of the society, especially for the retail industry which is in relation to the national economy due to numerous products and different suppliers being involved. Therefore, the need for green procurement is more important. The qualified green supplier selection is the core o

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Zhang, Grace. "The pragmatic use of ‘sort of’ in TV forums." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 29, no. 1 (2019): 62–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.00021.zha.

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Abstract This study discusses the pragmatic functions of four Chinese equivalents of the English ‘sort of’ based on a Chinese TV forum corpus: youdian (有点), yidian (一点), youyidian (有一点), keyishuo (可以说). It finds that the Chinese ‘sort of’ tends to cluster with verbs or adjectives rather than nouns. ‘Sort of’ is infrequent in the formal setting of this study and serves three pragmatic functions: mitigation, approximation and evasion, with the first two functions being much more frequent than the last one. ‘Sort of’ performs more of an interpersonal than an informational function. This study hig

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Yaghubyan, Marine. "Approximation as a Semantic Process of Occasional Modification of the Meaning." Armenian Folia Anglistika 13, no. 1-2 (17) (2017): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2017.13.1-2.047.

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Approximation is a semantic process when occasional modification of meaning, i.e. partial actualization of a linguistic unit is carried out. This process takes place when one of the elements of a situation, an object, an action or a quality mentioned is questionable as to its correspondence to the referent. As a result of this the latter is denoted approximately, not precisely by the speaker or writer. The paper examines different types of approximators (approximators proper, minimizers, compromizers) in order to assess the semantic relations between certain adverbs that function as appr

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Li, Jian, Xing Wang, Baosong Yang, Shuming Shi, Michael R. Lyu, and Zhaopeng Tu. "Neuron Interaction Based Representation Composition for Neural Machine Translation." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 05 (2020): 8204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i05.6334.

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Recent NLP studies reveal that substantial linguistic information can be attributed to single neurons, i.e., individual dimensions of the representation vectors. We hypothesize that modeling strong interactions among neurons helps to better capture complex information by composing the linguistic properties embedded in individual neurons. Starting from this intuition, we propose a novel approach to compose representations learned by different components in neural machine translation (e.g., multi-layer networks or multi-head attention), based on modeling strong interactions among neurons in the

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Dwi, Yulianti. "A Study of Communication Strategies used by English Teachers and its Implication in Teaching English as a Foreign Language." International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 07, no. 06 (2024): 4055–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12179276.

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Abstract : The objective of this research was to analyze the English teachers’ communication strategies and their perception during the teaching learning process.  The writer analyzed the data gained through the questionnaire by describing the English teachers’ perception about the communication strategies usually used during the teaching learning process.  She also analyzed the teachers’ communication strategies into the fourteen strategies based on to some experts, there are several types of communication strategies that can be used to solve problems in communicat

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Rahman, Atiqe Ur, Muhammad Saeed, Mazin Abed Mohammed, Arnab Majumdar, and Orawit Thinnukool. "Supplier Selection through Multicriteria Decision-Making Algorithmic Approach Based on Rough Approximation of Fuzzy Hypersoft Sets for Construction Project." Buildings 12, no. 7 (2022): 940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070940.

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The suppliers play a significant role in supply chain management. In supplier selection, factors like market-based exposure, community-based reputation, trust-based status, etc., must be considered, along with the opinions of hired experts. These factors are usually termed as rough information. Most of the literature has disregarded such factors, which may lead to a biased selection. In this study, linguistic variables in terms of triangular fuzzy numbers (TrFn) are used to manage such kind of rough information, then the rough approximations of the fuzzy hypersoft set (FHS-set) are characteriz

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Alamiri, Zaid. "SFL- based Analysis of Thematic Structure of the Qurʾān (19:41-50): Some Reflections". Buckingham Journal of Language and Linguistics 11 (27 листопада 2018): 21–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/bjll.v11i0.1560.

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The present study is an endeavor to explore applying Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) to the oldest Arabic text (the Qurʾān). The study point of departure is the textual metafunction (of the Sura 19:41-50), focusing principally on thematic structure (Theme-Rheme) for its role first in organizing the linguistic resources of both the experiential and interpersonal meanings in text production; and secondly in message unfolding. The salient results are the followings: the use of the three types of Theme (i.e., textual, interpersonal and topical). The topical Theme, important in message unfold

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Kushmar, Lesia. "Interrelation Between Conceptual and Linguistic Worldviews (Based on the Economic Lexical Item ‘CLIENT’)." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 25, no. 2 (2019): 164–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-25-2-164-180.

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This article presents a theoretical approach to the concept interpretation “worldview” which expresses human knowledge about environment. The difference between conceptual and linguistic worldviews has been determined. Associative meaning represents the conceptual worldview. Vocabulary definitions reflect the linguistic worldview. To identify main peculiarities in conceptual and linguistic worldviews the lexical item ‘CLIENT’ was selected according to criteria: contextual conditioning, frequency, information, presence in dictionaries and encyclopedias of different areas, expressing relevant co

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Khoi, Phan Bui, and Nguyen Van Toan. "APPLICATION OF HEDGE ALGEBRAS FOR CONTROLLING MECHANISMS OF RELATIVE MANIPULATION." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 55, no. 5 (2017): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/55/5/8841.

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This paper presents a method for controlling mechanism of relative manipulation (MRM robot), that based on an algebraic approach to linguistic hedges in fuzzy logic. The proposed model of MRM robot is introduced as two component mechanisms, collaborating to realize technological manipulations. MRM robot has complex structure [1, [2]; therefore, robot system's mathematical equations describing dynamical behaviors are complicated and voluminous [3,[4, 5]. Furthermore, the components affect MRM robot's dynamics that are difficult to determine adequately and exactly. Applying the well-known method

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