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1
Bykova, K. "Concept "nothing". Linguistic world picture." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/39101.
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Linguistic researches of the last years are characterized by heightened interest to a question of a linguistic or language world picture. The notion of a linguistic world picture is a part of cognitive paradigm in linguistics. This notion is being actively used in analyzing of natural language.
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Morais, Katia Vieira. "Negotiating Linguistic Diversity in World Englishes and World Portugueses." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194113.
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In this dissertation, I draw on comparative studies of English to establish a framework for looking at how Portuguese studies and teaching are shaped by political economies, cultural hierarchies, and educational institutions in Brazil and Cape Verde. I examine how English and Portuguese are constructed as world languages and how English and Portuguese rhetorics shape language teaching. People who are locally engaged contest these global constructions. As a result, diverse people construct world languages by adopting, adapting, resist, and transforming it in specific locations (Pennycook). First, I identify compositionists in the U.S. with what I call a rhetoric of multilingualism in which teachers of English should view English in relation to other Englishes and other languages. Secondly, I examine how the transnational organization for Portuguese-speaking countries perpetrates lusotropicalism--Gilberto Freyre's social theory of the Portuguese exceptionality to create a hybrid culture in the tropics. Despite fostering adaptability to local cultures, peoples, and languages, Freyre's lusotropical rhetoric eschews diversity by maintaining that a culture and a language should promote homogeneity. Then, I analyze the linguistic contexts, educational policies, and data gathered from questionnaires and interviews with language teachers in Brazil and Cape Verde. In light of higher education expansion and the maintenance of excellence, I argue that language teachers should promote the writing of Portuguese as a rhetorical construction in which grammar and mechanical correctness is only one aspect of writing instruction. Lastly, I propose the use of code meshing as a pedagogical strategy in academic discourse because it values language in its diversity and its relation to other languages. I argue that students' multilingual strategies deserve a place in academic writing. The rhetorical construction of language in academia could also become multilingual--globally networked and locally engaged. This study contributes to the internationalist discussions about how to teach writing in different languages and educational contexts.
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Bruland, Tore. "Building World Event Representations From Linguistic Representations." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-23573.
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The goal of the research presented here is to build a natural language processing system for our future natural language applications. We believe that real applications will move our research in Computational Linguistics and Artificial Intelligence forward, and we prefer applications that are attractive to a large number of users. The engine in this system is the wide-coverage grammar Nor- Source, and the research topic is to build a prototype of the natural language processing system. The first part of our research topic is to build a pipeline for our grammar. We present two versions of the pipeline. The first pipeline has unmapped predicates that contain object and event references at the discourse level. Each object and event has an unique identifier in the discourse, and the pipeline performs a simple pronoun resolution. The second pipeline is a pipeline with predicates mapped to a selected domain, and the discourse contains object and event references at the world domain level. The world references are the result of an interpretation with a logic model or a selection of a previous stored situation. The domain ontology predicates are mapped from the underspecified predicates. Both pipelines have a demonstrator and the specified world pipeline’s domain is the classical Box World from Artificial Intelligence. The second part of our research topic is to fill the gap between underspecified predicates and domain specific predicates. The meaning representation produced by NorSource is Minimal Recursion Semantics (MRS), and this representation has underspecified quantifier scope and word senses. We have algorithms for solving the underspecified quantifier scope, but we don’t have algorithms for mapping underspecified predicates to domain specific predicates. The starting point is Vendler’s Aktionsart types. The types have a structure and Moen and Steedman showed that a verb argument can coerce the verb from one Aktionsart type to another. Some verbs have culminating states that are not a part of the surface structure of the sentence. Some verbs have additional structure like sub events and causal relations between sub events. Structure of a verb and coercion of Aktionsart types are outside the scope of an MRS, so we want to incorporate some of these notions into our mapping between underspecified and specified predicates. We use a domain ontology and a mapping algorithm. The ontology contains a collection of concepts with a “is-a” hierarchy, “has” relations, and “use” relation. The ontology also contains templates that use the hierarchy and the relations in order to implement constraints on a predicate and its arguments. The ontology contains complex domain objects that generate possible structures, time points, roles and states. We use the Change Location domain to demonstrate how the mapping algorithm works. We have created a natural language processing system prototype and we have filled the gap between underspecified predicates and domain specific predicates. We can transform our MRSs into expressions in First-Order Logic and reason with them. The tools from the DELPH-IN consortium creates “deep” grammars that offers the meaning representation MRS, and this means that our work can be used by other grammars and languages.
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Güldemann, Tom. "Clicks, genetics, and “proto-world” from a linguistic perspective." Universität Leipzig, 2007. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33611.
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”Why genetics and linguistics need each other: genes and clicks from a linguistic perspective”
Knight et al. (2003) have argued, largely from a genetic perspective, that clicks “may be more than 40.000 years old” (p.470) and thus “are an ancient element of human language” (p.471). This has nourished the hypothesis, expressed especially in popular science, that clicks were a feature of the ancestral mother tongue. The claim by Knight et al. (2003) is based on the observation that two populations in Africa speaking languages with click phonemes, namely Hadza in eastern Africa and Ju|’hoan in southern Africa, are maximally distinct in genetic terms: both Y chromosome and mtDNA data suggest that the two “are separated by genetic distance as great [as] or greater than that between any other pair of African populations” (p.464). It is also claimed that the only explanation for the presence of clicks in the two groups is inheritance from an early common ancestor language, hence the alleged, very great age of clicks in general. Other explanations for the clicks of Hadza and Ju|’hoan, in particular independent development and language contact, are explicitly excluded by the authors.
This paper seeks to demonstrate on the basis of purely linguistic evidence that this view cannot be accepted: both independent innovation and contact-induced transmission of clicks are attested. The click system of Hadza in particular will be shown to have a profile which is quite compatible with an explanation in terms of language contact. The linguistic evidence thus does not imply that clicks go back to a language spoken at the dawn of human evolution; there is no good reason to exclude the possibility that the emergence of clicks in Africa represents a far later episode in the diversification of human speech. More reliable hypotheses about the early development of language can be reached only by truly interdisciplinary research in the disciplines concerned, here genetics and linguistics.
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Özbal, Gözde. "Computational Approaches to Linguistic Creativity for Real World Applications." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2013. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/1093/1/thesis.pdf.
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Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in computational linguistic creativity, a research field at the boundary between many disciplines including natural language processing, linguistics, psychology, cognitive sciences and humanities. Even though the state-of-the-art in this field has been striding forward in the last decade, real-world applications of computational linguistic creativity are still uncommon. For comparison, computer-enhanced productivity software is significantly augmenting the skills of both casual users and professionals in other areas, such as image and signal processing.
In this thesis, we advocate three main points that computational linguistic creativity should address to achieve a higher state of maturity and demonstrate its full potential: 1) the focus on real-world applications, in which state-of-the- art technology can be leveraged to offer solutions with a practical utility for end users; 2) the adoption of an interactive paradigm in which technology collaborates with users to enhance their creativity instead of attempting to replace it; 3) the investigation of the explorative dimension of creativity, as a means to achieve the two previous points by offering users richer ways of interaction and more powerful tools that can solve a larger class of problems.We present three applications that we designed and developed to address these points: 1) a system for the interactive construction of creative names designed as a support tool for copywriters; 2) a platform for the generation of memory tips for second language learning; 3) an explorative and general-purpose framework for creative sentence generation with the potential to be deployed in a wide range of settings, including advertisement, education and entertainment. All these platforms leverage state-of-the-art technology to deliver creative results with the potential to be useful for end users. We demonstrate this point through three different evaluations, in which we show that 1) the generated neologisms are appealing and successful, and that 2) the sentences that we generate have many of the qualities of successful slogans used for advertisement and 3) they are effective mnemonic devices when used as memory aids for second language learning.
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Finzel, Anna Magdalena. "English in the linguistic landscape of Hong Kong : a case study of shop signs and linguistic competence." Master's thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6412/.
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Especially for the last twenty years, the studies of Linguistic Landscapes (LLs) have been gaining the status as an autonomous linguistic discipline. The LL of a (mostly) geographically limited area – which consists of e.g. billboards, posters, shop signs, material for election campaigns, etc. – gives deep insights into the presence or absence of languages in that particular area. Thus, LL not only allows to conclude from the presence of a language to its dominance, but also from its absence to the oppression of minorities, above all in areas where minority languages should – demographically seen – be visible. The LLs of big cities are fruitful research areas due to the mass of linguistic data.
The first part of this paper deals with the theoretical and practical research that has been conducted in LL studies so far. A summary of the theory, methodologies and different approaches is given.
In the second part I apply the theoretical basis to my own case study. For this, the LLs of two shopping streets in different areas of Hong Kong were examined in 2010. It seems likely that the linguistic competence of English must be rather high in Hong Kong, due to the long-lasting influence of British culture and mentality and the official status of the language. The case study's results are based on empirical data showing the objectively visible presence of English in both examined areas, as well as on two surveys. Those were conducted both openly and anonymously.
The surveys are a reinsurance measuring the level of linguistic competence of English in Hong Kong. That level was defined before by an analysis of the LL. Hence, this case study is a new approach to LL analysis which does not end with the description of its material composition (as have done most studies before), but which rather includes its creators by asking in what way people's actual linguistic competence is reflected in Hong Kong's LL.<br>Das Forschungsfeld der Linguistic Landscape (LL) hat sich vor allem in den letzten zwanzig Jahren als autonome Disziplin im Bereich der Sprachwissenschaft emanzipiert. Die LL eines meist geografisch eingegrenzten Gebietes – die beispielsweise aus Reklametafeln, Plakaten, Ladenschildern, Wahlkampfpropaganda, etc. besteht – erlaubt tiefe Einblicke in die An- oder Abwesenheit von Sprachen auf dem jeweiligen Gebiet. Die LL lässt dadurch nicht nur Rückschlüsse auf die Dominanz einer Sprache aufgrund ihrer Anwesenheit zu, sondern auch auf die Unterdrückung einer Minderheit durch die Abwesenheit ihrer Sprache an Orten, an denen die Minderheitensprache demografisch gesehen eigentlich sichtbar sein müsste. Wegen des Überflusses an linguistischen Daten in den LLs großer Städte sind diese ergiebige Tätigkeitsfelder für die Disziplin.
Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich im ersten Teil mit der theoretischen und praktischen Forschung, die es bislang zu diesem Thema gab. Sie prüft den Stand der Theoriebildung, fasst Methodiken zusammen und gibt einen Überblick über verschiedene Ansätze.
Im zweiten Teil wird die theoretische Basis auf eine eigene Fallstudie angewendet. Für diese wurden 2010 die LLs zweier Einkaufsstraßen in unterschiedlichen Gegenden Hong Kongs untersucht. Durch den dort lange währenden Einfluss der englischen Kultur und Mentalität und den offiziellen Status der Sprache liegt der Schluss nahe, dass die Sprachkompetenz des Englischen in Hong Kong eher hoch sein muss. Die Ergebnisse der Fallstudie basieren sowohl auf der Erhebung von statistischen Daten, die die objektive Anwesenheit des Englischen in der LL beider untersuchten Gegenden zeigt, als auch auf zwei daraus resultierenden Befragungen. Diese wurden zum einen offen, zum anderen anonym durchgeführt.
Die Befragungen stellen eine Rückversicherung dar, die den Grad der Sprachkompetenz des Englischen in Hong Kong misst, welcher zuvor anhand der LL festgestellt wurde. Damit bietet die Fallstudie einen neuen Ansatz der Untersuchung einer LL, der im Gegensatz zu vorangegangenen Studien nicht bei der Beschreibung ihrer materiellen Beschaffenheit endet, sondern auch ihre Schöpfenden miteinbezieht und sich fragt, inwiefern die LL von Hong Kong die tatsächliche Sprachkompetenz der Menschen widerspiegelt.
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French, Craig F. "The 51st (Highland) Division during the First World War." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2006. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/943/.
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The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the 51st (Highland) division over the course of the First World War. Underpinning the study is an analysis of both change and continuity, at home and overseas, and the performance of the division as a fighting unit. The key themes identified for study have been training, esprit de corps, recruitment and reinforcement, and battle performance. Through the investigation of the key themes, other important characteristics have been analysed, such as command and control, organisation, and the level of centralisation in both the formation and in the wider Army. Key questions in the research apply to both divisional study and to wider academic understanding of the First World War. The thesis considers a number of themes that have been neglected by historians old and new, and brings into sharp focus some areas of research that may have produced inaccurate assumptions. In addition, a substantial range and quantity of primary sources have been utilised, many unexplored until now. The selection of the 51st (Highland) Division for study was based on a number of criteria. (Highland) Division experiences were both unique and not unique. In some areas it was a very individual formation, but in other areas or at particular times of the war it was not.
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Wallin, Moa. "Ambiguous synonyms : Implementing an unsupervised WSD system for division of synonym clusters containing multiple senses." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157622.
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When clustering together synonyms, complications arise in cases of the words having multiple senses as each sense’s synonyms are erroneously clustered together. The task of automatically distinguishing word senses in cases of ambiguity, known as word sense disambiguation (WSD), has been an extensively researched problem over the years. This thesis studies the possibility of applying an unsupervised machine learning based WSD-system for analysing existing synonym clusters (N = 149) and dividing them correctly when two or more senses are present. Based on sense embeddings induced from a large corpus, cosine similarities are calculated between sense embeddings for words in the clusters, making it possible to suggest divisions in cases where different words are closer to different senses of a proposed ambiguous word. The system output is then evaluated by four participants, all experts in the area. The results show that the system does not manage to correctly divide the clusters in more than 31% of the cases according to the participants. Moreover, it is discovered that some differences exist between the participants’ ratings, although none of the participants predominantly agree with the system’s division of the clusters. Evidently, further research and improvements are needed and suggested for the future.
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Kerswell, Timothy James. "The global division of labour and the division in global labour." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/46838/1/Timothy_Kerswell_Thesis.pdf.
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Since the 1980s the locus of manufacturing and some services have moved to countries of the Global South. Liberalization of trade and investment has added two billion people to world labour supply and brought workers everywhere into intense competition with each other. Under orthodox neoliberal and neoclassical approaches free trade and open investment should benefit all countries and lead to convergence. However considerable differences in wages and working hours exist between workers of the Global North and those of the Global South. The organising question for the thesis is why workers in different countries but the same industries get different wages. Empirical evidence reviewed in the thesis shows that productivity does not explain these wage differences and that workers in some parts of the South are more productive than workers in the North. Part of the thesis examines the usefulness of explanations drawn from Marxist, institutionalist and global commodity chain approaches. There is a long established argument in Marxist and neo-Marxist writings that differences between North and South result from imperialism and the exercise of power. This is the starting point to review ways of understanding divisions between workers as the outcome of a global class structure. In turn, a fault line is postulated between productive and unproductive labour that largely replicates the division between the Global North and the Global South. Workers and their organizations need shared actions if they are to resist global competition and wage disparities. Solidarity has been the clarion of progressive movements from the Internationals of the early C19th through to the current Global Unions and International Confederation of Trade Unions (ICTU). The thesis examines how nationalism and particular interests have undermined solidarity and reviews the major implications for current efforts to establish and advance a global labour position.
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Niziolek, Caroline A. "The role of linguistic contrasts in the auditory feedback control of Speech." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62521.
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Thesis (Ph. D. in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2010.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-180).<br>Speakers use auditory feedback to monitor their own speech, ensuring that the intended output matches the observed output. By altering the acoustic feedback signal before it reaches the speaker's ear, we can induce auditory errors: differences between what is expected and what is heard. This dissertation investigates the neural mechanisms responsible for the detection and consequent correction of these auditory errors. Linguistic influences on feedback control were assessed in two experiments employing auditory perturbation. In a behavioral experiment, subjects spoke four-word sentences while the fundamental frequency (FO) of the stressed word was perturbed either upwards or downwards, causing the word to sound more or less stressed. Subjects adapted by altering both the FO and the intensity contrast between stressed and unstressed words, even though intensity remained unperturbed. An integrated model of prosodic control is proposed in which FO and intensity are modulated together to achieve a stress target. In a second experiment, functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure neural responses to speech with and without auditory perturbation. Subjects were found to compensate more for formant shifts that resulted in a phonetic category change than for formant shifts that did not, despite the identical magnitudes of the shifts. Furthermore, the extent of neural activation in superior temporal and inferior frontal regions was greater for cross-category than for within-category shifts, evidence that a stronger cortical error signal accompanies a linguistically-relevant acoustic change. Taken together, these results demonstrate that auditory feedback control is sensitive to linguistic contrasts learned through auditory experience.<br>by Caroline A. Niziolek.<br>Ph.D.in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology
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Wong, Sin Man Sally. "Words that won the war : a linguistic analysis of second world war posters." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2005. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/646.
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Arriaga, de Oliveira Rafaela Gonçalves da 1972. "Leveraging the Internet as a global buyer : a framework for the World Food Programme, UN." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8727.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2000.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-83).<br>Procurement, consolidation, international transportation, custom clearance and distribution are the main global logistics steps of an integrated supply chain. Business-to-business e-commerce can significantly alter the logistics of business supply chains, with significant implications for the geography, modal structure and values of transportation services such as speed, reliability, visibility and transparency. Traditional procurement systems happen via complex, paper-intensive, approval and order process with high administrative cost and low economies of scale. These processes may include re-keying of information, lengthy approval cycles, a substantial involvement of financial and administrative resources, lack of transparency in the bidding process which ultimately would limit the benefits of volume procurement contracts and result in delays to end-users, i.e. losing efficiencies and precious time in a humanitarian relief program. The purpose of the study within the Transportation and Logistics Division of The World Food Programme is to answer the following question: how can The World Food Programme leverage the internet as a global buyer that connects suppliers and service providers in a digital interactive base? The aim of the study is to pin-point which transactions can in the future be made with higher visibility and with a better management of information in order to take advantage of volume procurement contracts, integrate the process and reduce the cost of each procurement transaction. Determining a best practice with a new process and its benefits is the objective.<br>by Rafaela Gonçalves da Arriaga de Oliveira.<br>M.Eng.
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Ma, Li. "The Word and the World: Exploring World Views of Monolingual and Bilingual Chinese Through the Use of Proverbs." Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/530.
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Many thinkers argue that major differences among languages lead to major differences in experience and thought. Each speech community possibly embodies a distinct world view. The purpose of this study was to explore, through the use of proverbs, the relationship between acculturation and world views among monolingual and bilingual Chinese, with proficiency in Chinese and/or English used a proxy for level of acculturation. Data were collected through questionnaires and qualitative interviews regarding attitudes to English and Chinese proverbs. Data were analyzed by means of SPSS and modified grounded theory methodology. The statistical and qualitative findings contradicted each other: the former found a significant effect for monolingual English speakers, while the latter indicated much more mixed responses with no clear patterns related to language. Implications of findings were discussed and a “global view” was proposed to take the place of a culturally-based world view.
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O'Rourke, Cara Siobhan. "Latin as a Threatened Language in the Linguistic World of Early Fifteenth Century Florence." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Classics and Linguistics, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/900.
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This thesis examines the situation of the Latin language in the unique linguistic environment of early fifteenth century Florence. Florence, at this time, offers an interesting study because of the vernacular language's growing status in the wake of the literary success of vernacular authors Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio, and the humanist study of Greek language. Joshua Fishman's theories on threatened languages and Reversing Language Shift are used to examine Latin's position in this environment. Chapter I describes Fishman's theories and applies them to the special situation of Florence, giving a context for the following three chapters. Chapter II offers an original interpretation of Leonardo Bruni's Dialogus ad Petrum Histrum, emphasising the significance of the speaker, Coluccio Salutati, and his apparent message in favour of reviving spoken Latin. Chapter III describes a debate that began in 1435, after the papal Curia moved to Florence and Bruni was drawn into the discussions of the papal humanists. The debate examined whether the Ancient Romans actually spoke Latin in their daily lives, or whether Latin was primarily a written, literary language, and there was a separate, spoken language for domestic environments, as in Florence in the fifteenth century. A number of humanists commented in response to this question. I examine Flavio Biondo's treatise dedicated to Leonardo Bruni, Bruni's letter in response to Biondo, Poggio Bracciolini in the the Tertiae Convivialis Historiae Disceptatio, and finally, Leon Battista Alberti's comment in the preface to the third book of the Della Famiglia. In Chapter IV, Bruni's vernacular writing, the Vita di Dante,is used to establish Bruni's own attitude to language choice as flexible and dependant on the subject matter, genre and intended audience for the work.
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Hoogervorst, Tom Gunnar. "Southeast Asia in the ancient Indian Ocean world : combining historical linguistic and archaeological approaches." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b8b47816-7184-42ab-958e-026bc3431ea3.
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This thesis casts a new light on the role of Southeast Asia in the ancient Indian Ocean World. It brings together data and approaches from archaeology and historical linguistics to examine cultural and language contact between Southeast Asia and South Asia, East Africa and the Middle East. The interdisciplinary approach employed in this study reveals that insular Southeast Asian seafarers, traders and settlers had impacted on these parts of the world in pre-modern times through the transmission of numerous biological and cultural items. It is further demonstrated that the words used for these commodities often contain clues about the precise ethno-linguistic communities involved in their transoceanic dispersal. The Methodology chapter introduces some common linguistic strategies to examine language contact and lexical borrowing, to determine the directionality of loanwords and to circumvent the main caveats of such an approach. The study then proceeds to delve deeper into the socio-cultural background of interethnic contact in the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean as a whole, focusing on the oft-neglected Southeast Asian contributions to the cultural landscape of this region and addressing the nature of pre-modern contact between Southeast Asia and the different parts of the Indian Ocean Word. Following from that, the last three chapters look in-depth at the dispersal of respectively Southeast Asian plants, spices and maritime technology into the wider Indian Ocean World. Although concepts and their names do not always neatly travel together across ethno-linguistic boundaries, these chapters demonstrate how a closer examination of lexical data offers supportive evidence and new perspectives on events of cultural contact not otherwise documented. Cumulatively, this study underlines that the analysis of lexical data is a strong tool to examine interethnic contact, particularly in pre-literate societies. Throughout the Indian Ocean World, Southeast Asian products and concepts were mainly dispersed by Malay-speaking communities, although others played a role as well.
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Phillips, James. "The enemy within : division and betrayal in literature of the Second World War." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8402/.
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Although descriptions of civilian experience during the Second World War tend to stress concepts of unity and the nation 'pulling together', much literature ofthe period repeatedly suggests division and distrust, and fears of an 'enemy within' that can be seen directly in the numerous fifth columnist plotlines and more indirectly through stories of personal treachery and duplicity. Here the work of a number of authors writing during World War II is examined, with close comparison of how themes of betrayal and mistrust are woven into their texts. This is placed in context through consideration both of government propaganda warning citizens of the dangers of spies and fifth columnists during the war and social fracturings along gender, class and political lines that were already in existence when war began. The 'enemy within' motif exists in a number of forms and discussion of this is extended to consider, for example, contemporary concerns that the increasing authoritarianism of the British government meant the country was moving towards the fascism it had gone to war to defeat, presentations of the home as an enemy space, and repeated depictions of fragmented identity and trauma that suggest the enemy also exists within the individual psyche.
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Al-Ghazawi, Loai Azmi. "The legal status of Jerusalem in Islamic Fiqh (jurisprudence) and international law." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340613.
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Hegi, Benjamin P. Lewis Adrian R. "Extermination warfare? the conduct of the Second Marine Division at Saipan /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-6098.
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Tariyal, Ridhi. "Finding utility for genetic diagnostics in the developing world." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/63229.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2010.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-64).<br>Genetic testing companies have come under fire lately for an array of reasons. Many direct-to-consumer outfits are being challenged by the federal regulatory authorities, by the physicians' community and by the public itself. The desire to derive utility from the existing mass of genetic research is only outpaced by the sheer amount of new information being added to our understanding daily. These genetic testing companies are simultaneously trying to apply the existing knowledge, build a base for further study and be credible, going concerns from a business perspective. It is a worthy but difficult objective. The direct-to-consumer genetic initiatives face resistance from physicians who are the traditional intermediaries between medical insight and application of this insight. The companies also face a strong adversary in a government that wants to protect its constituents from fraudulent marketing claims and misinformation. Recent, informal studies have also exposed flaws in the product offerings and delivery of information by these companies. Finally, these are all for-profit entities which are struggling to become profitable. The objective of this thesis is to identify an attractive consumer base and opportunity that would allow for successful deployment of genetic diagnostic capability. I postulate that the success of a direct-to-consumer company would depend on finding a customer that values the genetic insight deeply and is able to take action from such insight. Based on those two fundamental criteria-perceived value and actionable utility-I build a profile of place, person and disease to test my hypothesis. Driven by the findings of my research, I anchored my hypothesis around an Indian consumer who pays for health care out-of-pocket, is vulnerable to certain genetic diseases due to narrow, endogamous customs and has grown up in a culture of arranged marriages. If this individual's religious and moral code forbids early termination of pregnancy or if financial and logistical circumstances make abortion impossible, I posit the desire for this cohort to use pre-marital genetic testing will increase. My research showed that people born in India and people who had considered arranged marriage as a viable option (the two groups overlapped but not completely) did display a greater likelihood of using genetic tests at the pre-marital and pre-natal stage to make informed decisions about family planning. These groups also showed a greater inclination towards early termination of pregnancy as well as reconsidering partner choice based on the outcome of genetic testing. However, the data also showed that those groups that did not believe in abortion still did not preferentially want a pre-marital genetic test.<br>by Ridhi Tariyal.<br>S.M.
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Chander, Vidya, and Lauren Shear. "Humanitarian aid in less secure regions : an analysis of World Food Programme operations in the Somali region of Ethiopia." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/55339.
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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2009.<br>"June 2009."<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-82).<br>The World Food Programme (WFP), the United Nations food agency, has recently acquired the difficult task of transporting aid into the Somali region of Ethiopia. The political instability, rebel activity, ethnic tensions, and poor infrastructure in the area endanger and delay the flow of commodities through the WFP's supply chain. In this thesis, we explore and analyze the role that these threats play in the WFP's aid distribution in the Somali region. Specifically, we measure the impact of insecurity in the WFP's distribution system, study the current methods that the WFP employs to mitigate risks, and investigate possible precautionary technologies to improve security in this resource constrained environment. Our research suggests that while many tools can enhance security, the organizational measures aiming to increase responsibility and trust between all involved supply chain stakeholders ultimately prove to have a stronger impact on the overall safety of aid-distribution. Finally, though our research has focused mainly on the WFP, we believe that all similarly situated humanitarian organizations will find our analysis applicable.<br>by Vidya Chander and Lauren Shear.<br>M.Eng.in Logistics
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SANSEVERO, BERNARDO BOELSUMS BARRETO. "DEPRIVING THE WORLD? A STUDY FROM MARTIN HEIDEGGER´S BEING AND TIME, DIVISION ONE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=14247@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>Martin Heidegger emprega, no § 14 de Ser e tempo, a expressão
desmundanização do mundo ao caracterizar a postura adotada pela tradição da
filosofia para pensar o ente. Nessa postura, o mundo é interpretado como a
totalidade dos entes simplesmente dados, com base num privilégio do modo
cognitivo de relação com estes. Nosso intuito, contudo, não se restringe a uma
elucidação deste modo desmundanizado de pensar o mundo indicado por
Heidegger, mas investigar porque, para ele, esse modo predominou no percurso da
filosofia como um todo, na ontologia tradicional. A partir da constatação de que
essa postura cognitiva, para o autor, possui suas raízes e motivos em um modo de
ser essencial do ente que nós mesmos somos, do Dasein, denominado ser-nomundo,
lança-se a pergunta: em que sentido Heidegger utiliza o termo
desmundanização para caracterizar uma abordagem do ente fundada no ser-nomundo?
Através da investigação de temas presentes na primeira seção de Ser e
tempo, procuramos acentuar essa questão, supondo que nela repercute a questão
principal desse texto de Heidegger, a pergunta pelo sentido do ser.<br>Martin Heidegger employs in Being and time´s section 14 the term
depriving the world of its worldhood to characterize the stance adopted by the
tradition of philosophy to think about the beings. In this posture, the world is
interpreted as being present at hand, based on a privilege of the cognitive mode of
relationship with them. Our aim, however, is not restricted to an elucidation of
this mode of thinking the world depriving it indicated by Heidegger, but
investigate why this mode predominates in philosophy as a whole, in the previous
ontology. From the realization that the cognitive attitude has its roots and reasons
in an essential way of being that ourselves are, of Dasein, called being-in-theworld,
we pose the question: in what sense Heidegger uses the term depriving the
world to characterize an approach to the being based on being-in-the world?
Through the investigation of issues in Being and time´s division one, we
emphasize this question, assuming that it affects the main issue of this
Heidegger´s text, the question of the meaning of being.
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Radley, Kenneth. "First Canadian Division, C.E.F., 1914-1918, Ducimus (We lead)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ67007.pdf.
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Masha, Lerato Kennilworth. "Assessment of Nampak’s implementation of world class manufacturing strategy within the Nampak Plastic Rigids division." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97414.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: World Class Manufacturing (WCM) was first introduced into Nampak in 1990, and since then, there have been three attempts by the organisation to re-implement WCM in the organisation. In the last 23 years, 1990-2013, no formal assessment has been done with regard to evaluating whether the introduction of WCM was effective or not in the organisation, according to the goals and objectives set when the projects were initially implemented.
The aim of this research report was to evaluate whether the implementation of WCM was effective in the Nampak Plastic Rigids (PRs) clusters and the study focused on only three operations namely; Nampak Tubes, Closures and Megapak. Secondly, the research aimed to establish what elements were required to successfully implement and sustain WCM in an organisation.
Through the research it was established that in order to implement and sustain WCM successfully the following elements are required; strategy alignment, strategy implementation or execution, benchmarking, employee involvement, change management and the correct selection of continuous improvement tools and tactics. The three operations selected in the study were then evaluated against these elements through a survey, in order to gauge their alignment against each element.
The research found that none of the three operations met the ideal state of 85 per cent in aligning themselves to the six elements. Nampak Tubes was the only operation that came close to the required ideal level of 85 per cent, as the operation had re-implemented WCM in 2011 and as a result, the operations performance in terms of the selected KPIs was better than that of the other two. However, on average none of the three operations reached the 85 per cent ideal range. This was an indication that the PRs were not aligned to the required six elements in their attempt to implement WCM, and despite the three previous attempts, success had not been achieved.
The elements could prove complex as regards their comprehension and implementation as guided by the literature review and research, thus leadership should take careful note of the relationship between all of them. The organisational leadership is responsible for ensuring that the WCM strategy is driven centrally and adopted by all the stakeholders in the organisation, as all the elements require a leadership intervention.
World Class Manufacturing is more than a concept or a project; it is a philosophy which should be treated as a way of life, if organisations are to be successful in being competitive.
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O'Mara, Raymond P. (Raymond Patrick). "The socio-technical construction of precision bombing : a study of shared control and cognition by humans, machines, and doctrine during World War II." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67754.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 353-368).<br>This dissertation examines the creation and initial use of the precision bombing system employed by the United States Army Air Forces during World War II in the opening phase of the Combined Bomber Offensive against Germany. It presents the system as distinctly sociotechnical, constructed of interdependent specially trained humans-the pilot, navigator, and bombardier-purpose-built automated machines-the Norden bombsight and the Minneapolis- Honeywell C-1 Autopilot-and the high-altitude, daylight bombing (HADPB) doctrine, all of which mutually shaped each other's creation and use. The first part of the study establishes the relationship between the HADPB doctrine, the humans, and the machines, presenting the bombardment system as a three-level socio-technical system designed for optimum control at all levels. It describes the elements at each level, their design for use as a system, how they initially employed the system, and how their actions caused a revision of the HADPB doctrine, in the process redefining precision from a system perspective and significantly changing the system's social structure. The second part of the study examines the actions performed by the three principal sociotechnical members the bomber crew, and determines the specific tasks and roles accomplished both the humans and machines within the system. It establishes what the crewmembers did, analyzing their professional construct, the machines that shaped their professional identities, how the humans and machines, through distinct processes of shared control and cognition, accomplished the tasks associated with precision bombing-flying, navigating, and bombingand how the HADPB doctrine affected their actions. It focuses on how technology, by granting varying levels of control over the task of flying the aircraft, created conflict over control of the system itself, and how command, a uniquely military function granted organizationally and doctrinally to the pilot, served as arbiter of that conflict. This study establishes a perspective for the future study aerial combat systems, and a better understanding of the organizational and social impact of the increased use of automation in those systems, particularly relevant to the discussion surrounding the expanded use of remotely piloted aircraft by the United States Air Force in the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan.<br>by Raymond P. O'Mara.<br>Ph.D.
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MATTIOLA, Simone. "Typology of pluractional constructions in the languages of the World." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/77241.
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This thesis provides a first large-scale typological study on the phenomenon known as pluractionality in cross-linguistic perspective (sample of 241 languages). The aim of this work is to investigate how the languages of the World express pluractionality (i.e., plurality of situations marked on the verb) giving a complete account of the functional domain and morpho-syntax of this phenomenon adopting a functional-typological approach.
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Hegi, Benjamin P. "Extermination Warfare? The Conduct of the Second Marine Division at Saipan." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc6098/.
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Historians John W. Dower, Craig Cameron, and Ronald Takaki argue that the Pacific War was a war of extermination fueled by race hate. Therefore, the clash between the military forces of the Japanese Empire and United States of America yielded a "kill or be killed" environment across the battlefields of the Pacific. This work examines the conduct of the Second Marine Division during its campaign of conquest against the Japanese held island of Saipan from June 15, 1944-July 9, 1944. It is based upon traditional military history sources to test their theories in context of the conduct of Marines toward Japanese soldiers and civilians during the Saipan campaign. Did Marines practice a war of extermination or conduct themselves in a humane manner?
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Dooley, Thomas Patrick. "Irishman or English soldier? : the case of a Waterford man enlisting in the 16th (Irish) Division in 1915." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296867.
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Cobden, Lynsey Shaw. "Neuropsychiatry and the management of aerial warfare : the Royal Air Force Neuropsychiatric Division in the Second World War." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2dd79d33-bf1f-4351-b3f4-cebcac9b7fad.
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This work is a critical assessment of the role of neuropsychiatry in the management of aerial warfare. Focussing almost exclusively on the Second World War (1939-45), the thesis demonstrates how the Royal Air Force (RAF) mobilised specialist medical knowledge to improve wastage and combat efficiency in flying personnel. Neurological and psychiatric expertise was enlisted to improve service performance and reduce the burden of neuropsychiatric disorders. To meet these key objectives, the RAF neuropsychiatric division undertook important administrative and therapeutic duties in the areas of personnel selection, service discipline, neuropsychiatric research, and the treatment of mental disorders. The work therefore assesses how the division responded to these challenges and contributed to the management of aerial warfare. The thesis assesses the factors that shaped the practice of neuropsychiatry in the service. Historically, the training and personal interests of specialists and the context of therapeutic practice guided the development of mental health specialties. To gain a fuller appreciation of the administrative and therapeutic duties of the division, this work explores the medical, social, military, and professional factors that shaped neuropsychiatric thought and practice. Secondly, the work engages with the 'human element' of aerial combat. The physical and mental health of aircrew was fundamental to the conduct of the air war and underpinned the administrative decisions of the air force. It was the primary objective of the neuropsychiatric division to preserve and develop these vital human resources. Neuropsychiatric disorders represented a challenge to efficiency, for they could affect the performance and motivation of a flyer. The thesis will examine how the neuropsychiatric division attempted to sustain aircrew by preventing and treating the disorders that compromised their efficiency.
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Osipova, Anna. "The Concept of ’Selling/Buying’ in the Russian Linguistic Picture of the World : from standard to sub-standard." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Ryska, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-6082.
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The thesis belongs to the field of lexical semantics studies, associated with describing the Russian linguistic world-image. The research focuses on the universal situation of purchase and sale as reflected in the Russian lexical standard and sub-standard. The work deals also with subjects related to the sphere of social linguistics: the social stratification of the language, the structure of sub-standard, etc. The thesis is a contribution to the description of the Russian linguistic world-image as well as to the further elaboration of the conceptional analysis method. The results are applicable in teaching Russian as a foreign language, particularly in lexis and Russian culture and mentality studies.
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Leiboff, Joshua A. "How an NCAA Division II institution can utilize the World Wide Web to promote it's athletics program." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1998. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1998.<br>Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2713. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves [1-2]. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 37-38).
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Shrestha, Dipak. "Nepali English and news discourse: a linguistic and sociolinguistic study of Australian and Nepail news texts in English." Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2250.
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This thesis describes and analyses distinctive characteristics of the emerging variety of English, that is, Nepali English. It draws on news texts written in Nepali English and compares them with similar news texts appearing in Australian newspapers. On the basis of the analysis, a preliminary taxonomy of markers of Nepali English is established.The research draws theoretical insights from sociolinguistics, contrastive rhetoric/contrastive discourse analysis and the analysis of news as discourse. Findings and the analysis of the findings are presented by using analytical models developed and widely used in the study of non-native varieties of English. Analysis and discussion of the findings suggest that systematic and regular features of Nepali English have developed, and these formal features have specific functions in the context in which they are used.
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Tune, Sarah [Verfasser], and Ina [Akademischer Betreuer] Bornkessel-Schlesewsky. "The neurocognitive processing of plausibility and real-world knowledge: a cross-linguistic investigation / Sarah Tune. Betreuer: Ina Bornkessel-Schlesewsky." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1051934532/34.
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Baurain, Thomas S. "Development of a continuing education course "Christians in a scientific world" Division of External Studies Moody Bible Institute /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1989. http://www.tren.com.
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Lotze, Johannes. "Translation of empire : Mongol legacy, language policy, and the early Ming world order, 1368-1453." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/translation-of-empire-mongol-legacy-language-policy-and-the-early-ming-world-order-13681453(3d6420a4-5c66-4ed9-8895-d291c9fae068).html.
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This thesis approaches two perennial and interrelated problems in the historiography of China - the question of the openness or self-isolation of (Ming) Chinese society, as well as the nature and extent of the Mongol legacy in the (early) Ming - from a new angle. In spite of a growing body of scholarship on political, military, and institutional aspects of the transition from 'foreign' Mongol Yuan (1271-1368) to 'native' Ming (1368-1644) rule, there is one aspect that has received little attention so far: language, or rather languages in the plural, and translation between them. By bringing the various multilingual dimensions of the early Ming to the foreground of analysis and studying them against the backdrop of the Mongol legacy, this thesis covers new ground. While recognising that not all activities with which it is concerned would have been seen as connected by early Ming actors, this thesis argues that they do collectively constitute a realm of action with a common purpose, which we can comprehend as 'language policy.' This perspective is significant, because Yuan continuities on macro levels (administrative, institutional, political) can only be truly grasped through a systematic investigation of micro levels, such as language. To achieve these aims, the thesis blends concepts and methods from history, sinological philology, and Linguistic Landscape Studies (LLS). My argument is threefold. First, the Mongol heritage was not just perceptible in institutions and newly absorbed territory but also on the level of language. Second, the early Ming, far from being 'fiercely anti-Mongol' (as one authority recently put it), consciously attempted to imitate and surpass the Yuan, and multilingualism - for both communicative and emblematic reasons - played an important part in this endeavour. Third, and most importantly, the year 1368 marked neither a 'revolutionary' rupture nor a 'business as usual' continuation of Mongol legacies. Rather, the new dynasty attempted to strike a difficult balance, in which language and translation policies were instrumental in harmonising the needs for both continuity with and a break from the past. The Ming continued Yuan traditions such as the production of multilingual steles and edicts to symbolise and enforce their universal imperial claim, while Chinese was (not de jure, but de facto) reinstituted as the major imperial language, as opposed to one imperial language among many, as in Mongol times. The very notion of universal empire, continued from Yuan to Ming, would beat odds with monolingualism, and consequently, the Ming could not have been monolingual, even if they had so desired. While the distinction between 'multilingual foreign' dynasties (Yuan, Qing) and 'monolingual Chinese' ones (Ming) is not outright wrong, it does need considerable refinement, in order to understand the Ming's place in the larger Yuan-Ming-Qing transition. 'Translation of empire' has a double meaning in this thesis. First, it is meant literally in the sense of language mediation: textual legacies of the Yuan were translated from languages such as Mongolian or Persian into Chinese, while the new empire translated its claim to power into other languages. Second, it is a metaphor alluding to the political concept of translatio imperii, known from Western Eurasian history and comparable to the Chinese 'dynastic cycle' narrative: fundamentally the idea of cultural mobility, with knowledge and power moving from empire to empire. How did the Yuan-Ming transition work as a translatio imperii in both senses of the word and what can we conclude from it regarding the nature of the early Ming?
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Abraham, Sneha Elizabeth. "Preserving Traditional Botanical Knowledge in a Developing World: A Case Study." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1742.
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Traditional botanical knowledge is the knowledge of how plants are being cultivated and used by the indigenous cultures. Modern western culture exhibits a shortage of traditional and formal botanical knowledge. In this project I took 103 common edible plants found in the grocery store and applied both traditional and formal knowledge in a formal educational format. The purpose was to introduce students to the information that is generally acquired through informal interaction in the home and the community and to address the National and State educational standards. A dichotomous key using plant morphology and anatomy is presented, and is linked to a taxonomic treatment and descriptions of ethnobotany, linguistics, and economic value. Both library citations and numerous web resources are given to supplement the materials. Although not in the scope of this project, it is expected that lesson plans for various grades can be built around this information.
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Shrestha, Dipak. "Nepali English and news discourse : a linguistic and sociolinguistic study of Australian and Nepail news texts in English /." Curtin University of Technology, School of Languages and Intercultural Education, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16576.
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This thesis describes and analyses distinctive characteristics of the emerging variety of English, that is, Nepali English. It draws on news texts written in Nepali English and compares them with similar news texts appearing in Australian newspapers. On the basis of the analysis, a preliminary taxonomy of markers of Nepali English is established.The research draws theoretical insights from sociolinguistics, contrastive rhetoric/contrastive discourse analysis and the analysis of news as discourse. Findings and the analysis of the findings are presented by using analytical models developed and widely used in the study of non-native varieties of English. Analysis and discussion of the findings suggest that systematic and regular features of Nepali English have developed, and these formal features have specific functions in the context in which they are used.
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Mitchell, Stuart Bruce Taylor. "An inter-disciplinary study of learning in the 32nd division on the Western Front, 1916-1918." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5283/.
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The idea of a learning process has become broadly accepted among military historians of the First World War, but explanations for how and why this occurred remain limited. This thesis uses a number of different disciplines alongside more orthodox historical analysis of what the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) did at the divisional level to learn the lessons from combat in an uncompromising operational environment. At the beginning of 1916 the BEF was predominantly a citizen army lacking experience. This marked a low-point in the BEF's fighting capabilities. This thesis charts the development from 1916 to the Armistice in 1918 using the British 32nd Division as a case study. The division participated in a number of major operations including the Battle of the Somme, the German withdrawal to the Hindenburg Line, the Battles of Nieuport, Passchendaele, Amiens and the Hundred Days. They experienced both success and failure ensuring they are a representative case from which to draw broader conclusions. This thesis argues that the BEF's learning process developed as structural improvement occurred, battle experience was gained and leadership improved.
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Korrapati, Sudhir. "Reducing duration in new product development through project design models with real world constraints including portfolio planning." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106255.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, System Design and Management Program, Engineering and Management Program, 2016.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 84-85).<br>It is typical of medium to large sized organizations involved in new product development to have a portfolio of projects at all times. The planning for the execution of these projects is usually done at an individual project level using traditional project planning tools that were developed in the early half of the 20th century to handle work in factories, with repeated standard work tasks that take up a fixed duration and sequence. However, the work performed in these knowledge intensive organizations is ill suited to be planned in a sequential fashion with fixed resources without taking into account iterations of work. The tasks in new product development projects tend to be iterative owing to concurrent dependencies between them, the teams on these projects tend to be geographically far flung leading to coordination and other socio-technical challenges. At the same time, the complexity of projects tends to grow as organizations deliver more system level solutions. These issues of iteration, concurrency, team distribution and complexity lead to an increase in demand for coordination, which is a real effort with real costs. Organizations face the challenge of making good forecasts that can include these real world execution issues through their project plans. Can project plans that include these in their planning forecast outcomes better? As the projects grow larger in size and count, and when the organizational budgets and practices do not keep pace with these changes, organizations tend to face resource constraints. Can the challenges of iteration, concurrency, distribution, and complexity be addressed by viewing the planning process at a higher level? That is, by conducting the process of planning at the level of a portfolio of projects versus planning for several individual projects? This work addresses these real world challenges in the planning of projects and demonstrates the efficacy of including concurrency, distribution, complexity and iteration in the project planning models using data from two large projects in a semiconductor organization. Analysis reveals that these models produce more insightful forecasts than the models using traditional tools of forecasting. This work addresses some of the impediments that come in the way when addressing these concerns. A project portfolio model based on these two projects demonstrates that such a model helps in better resource sharing and forecasts a 32% improvement in the duration of one of the projects compared to the forecast based on planning for the projects individually. The work also demonstrates the concept of design of a project portfolio and illustrates how a portfolio of projects model allows new product development organizations to create flexible project plans that handle real world constraints leading to a reduction in the project durations of the projects in the portfolio.<br>by Sudhir Korrapati.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Caddick, David John. "The experiences of former UK military personnel re-entering the civilian world." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/2110.
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This thesis focuses on the experiences of former UK military personnel from all three armed services re-entering the civilian workplace. There is a distinct lack of research in this area with only limited studies carried out which tend to focus on the difficult transitions or the actual mechanics of engaging with the civilian labour market. This thesis provides a unique insight into the experiences of military personnel and their journey out of the military environment and into the civilian environment. This study uses a qualitative methodology based upon an interpretive approach to gain insights into the experiences of former military personnel who left the military for a variety of reasons. The study examined the stories of a main research cohorts of 16 individuals and a second cohort of 10 individuals were engaged to further challenge theoretical saturation. The research subjects were selected using a ‘snowball’ approach and selection filtered using a specific set of criteria. Their military experiences span a range of times since discharge and a range of civilian employment since leaving. Following a review of existing literature encompassing career theory, transition theory, narrative analysis and activity theory, open interviews were conducted with participants simply asked to “tell me your story”. The transcripts of the interviews were then analysed using three analytical frames: activity theory, storytelling and perceptions of the self. The participants mainly identified tensions in their relationships with new communities, mediated by the changed social rules and divisions of labour that they encountered in their transition. Those who identified the lowest levels of tension tended to tell their stories in a heroic mode and demonstrated multiple or mixed senses of the self, whilst those who identified the highest tensions tended to tell their stories in a tragic mode and privileged their military identity above their other identities. The data suggests that some of these experience may be connected to the concept of the unquestioned organisation that was expressed by all the research cohort and the unthinking transfer of agency that occurs on joining and leaving the military.
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Wishart, James D. (James Douglas). "Education policy and budget practice in a non-government organization : a case study of the Division of World Outreach of the United Church of Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26360.
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The application of the 1984 Education Policy of the Division of World Outreach (DWO) of the United Church of Canada was examined in its "loosely coupled" context that is characterized by a consultative relationship based on trust in overseas partners and confidence in their choices of goals and objectives. Egon Guba's model of policy analysis, its policy-definition driven research process, and its categories of policy-in-intention and policy-in-implementation usefully assisted the appraisal of logical congruence between the goals and objectives stated in the 13 guidelines of the education policy (a policy-in-intention) and those stated in documents from a sample of supported programs (policies-in-implementation). In addition, the DWO's program-based budget practice was assessed for any relevant use of the Planning Programming Budgeting System (PBBS). Finally, a logical congruence between Guba's model and the PBBS model was probed for a possible synthesis.<br>Documents from 1981, 1985, and 1989 from the sample of five programs from five regions in three continents were reviewed. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Neale, Matthew James. "Madhyamaka and Pyrrhonism : doctrinal, linguistic and historical parallels and interactions between Madhyamaka Buddhism & Hellenic Pyrrhonism." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:347ed882-f7ac-4098-908f-5bb391462a6c.
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There have been recent explosions of interest in two fields: Madhyamaka-Pyrrhonism parallels and Pyrrhonism itself, which seems to have been misunderstood and therefore neglected by the West for the same reasons and in the same ways that Madhyamaka traditionally has often been by the West and the East. Among these recent studies are several demonstrating that grounding in Madhyamaka, for example, reveals and illuminates the import and insights of Pyrrhonean arguments. Furthermore it has been suggested that of all European schools of philosophy Pyrrhonism is the one closest to Buddhism, and especially to Madhyamaka. Indeed Pyrrho is recorded to have studied with philosophers in Taxila, one of the first places where Madhyamaka later flourished, and the place where the founder of Madhyamaka, Nāgārjuna, may have received hitherto concealed texts which became the foundation for his school. In this dissertation I explore just how similar these two philosophical projects were. I systematically treat all the arguments in the Pyrrhonist redactor Sextus Empiricus’ Outlines of Pyrrhonism and Against Dogmatists and compare them to the most similar arguments available in the Madhyamaka treatises and related texts. On this basis, I ask whether the Pyrrhonists and the Buddhists would satisfy each other’s self-identifying criteria, or what characteristics would disqualify either or both in the other’s eyes. I also ask what questions arise from the linguistic and historical evidence for interactions between the Pyrrhonist school and the Madhyamaka school, and how sure we can be of the answers. Did Pyrrho learn Buddhism in Taxila? Was Nāgārjuna a Pyrrhonist? Finally I bring the insights of the living commentarial tradition of Madhyamaka to bear on current scholarly controversies in the field of Sextan Pyrrhonism, and apply the subtleties of interpretation of the latter which have developed in recent scholarship to Madhyamaka and its various difficulties of interpretation, to scrutinize each school under the illumination of the other. With this hopefully illuminated view, I address for example whether Sextus was consistent, whether living Pyrrhonism implies apraxia, whether Pyrrhonism is philosophy at all, and whether Madhyamaka is actually nihilism.
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Coode, Stephen L. "The American Expeditionary Forces in World War I: The Rock of the Marne." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1908.
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American participation in the First World War developed slowly throughout 1917 to a mighty torrent during the last six months of the war. United States participation undoubtedly helped not only repel but to stop all German assaults on the Western Front: it had substantially aided in defeating Imperial Germany.
Through primary and secondary sources a timeline, as well as a few of the more significant events, has been established following the United States' involvement in the war. Special attention has been focused on the United States Third Infantry Division and its part in the July 15- 17, 1918 Second Battle of the Marne.
The Third Infantry Division would see the war throughout its remaining battles and aid in the occupation of Germany. However, it is most famous for the Marne battle.
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Pueppke, Michael Ross John Robert. "Awakening a world with words how J.R.R. Tolkien uses linguistic narrative techniques to take his readers to Faery in his short story, Smith of Wootton Major /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3927.
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Pueppke, Michael. "Awakening a World With Words: How J.R.R. Tolkien Uses Linguistic Narrative Techniques to Take His Readers to Faery in His Short Story Smith of Wootton Major." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3927/.
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J.R.R. Tolkien uses specific linguistic narrative techniques in Smith of Wootton Major to make the world of Wootton Major and the nearby land of Faery come to life for his readers. In this thesis, I examine how Tolkien accomplishes this feat by presenting a linguistic analysis of some parts of the story. My analysis is also informed by Tolkien's own ideas of fairy-stories, and as such, it uniquely shows the symbiotic relationship between Tolkien's theories and his narrative art.
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Яременко, Д., та D. Yaremenko. "Концепт КАВА як фрагмент мовної картини світу та віддзеркалення національно-культурної специфіки англійського соціуму крізь призму літератури ХХ сторіччя". Thesis, Харківський національний педагогічний університет імені Г. С. Сковороди, 2020. http://dspace.hnpu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5607.
Full textAbstract:
У статті розкрито зміст лінгвокультурної специфіки концепту КАВА як художньої деталі в контексті англійської літературної спадщини ХХ століття. Зроблено аналіз двох концептів, які є притаманними для використання у англомовній прозі ХХ століття, а саме: КАВА та ЧАЙ. В статье раскрыто содержание лингвокультурной специфики концепта КОФЕ как художественной детали в контексте английской литературного наследия ХХ века. Сделан анализ двух концептов, которые присущи для использования в англоязычной прозе ХХ века, а именно: КОФЕ и ЧАЙ. The article author reveals the content of linguistic and cultural specifics of the concept of COFFEE as an artistic detail in the context of the English literary heritage of the twentieth century. The analysis of two concepts (COFFEE and TEA) that are typical for use in English prose of the twentieth century is made.
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Sandouk, Ammar Ibrahim. "Teaching English as a foreign language in the Third World university : a study of the problems of linguistic standards in literature-based courses with particular reference to Damascus University." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316151.
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Ball, Gregory W. "Soldier Boys of Texas: The Seventh Texas Infantry in World War I." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30433/.
Full textAbstract:
This study first offers a political, social, and economic overview of Texas during the first two decades of the twentieth century, including reaction in the Lone Star state to the declaration of war against Germany in April, 1917; the fear of saboteurs and foreign-born citizens; and the debate on raising a wartime army through a draft or by volunteerism. Then, focusing in-depth on northwest Texas, the study examines the Texas National Guard unit recruited there, the Seventh Texas Infantry Regiment. Using primarily the selective service registration cards of a sample of 1,096 members of the regiment, this study presents a portrait of the officers and enlisted soldiers of the Seventh Texas based on age, occupation, marital status, dependents and other criteria, something that has not been done in studies of World War I soldiers. Next, the regiment's training at Camp Bowie, near Fort Worth, Texas, is described, including the combining of the Seventh Texas with the First Oklahoma Infantry to form the 142nd Infantry Regiment of the Thirty-Sixth Division. After traveling to France and undergoing nearly two months of training, the regiment was assigned to the French Fourth Army in the Champagne region and went into combat for the first time. The study examines the combat experiences of these soldiers from northwest Texas and how they described and expressed their experiences to their families and friends after the armistice of November 11, 1918. The study concludes with an examination of how the local communities of northwest Texas celebrated the armistice, and how they welcomed home their "soldier boys" in the summer of 1919. This study also charts the changing nature of the Armistice Day celebrations and veteran reunions in Texas as time passed, as well as the later lives of some of the officers and men who served with the regiment.
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Сапардурдыева, Э. "Классификация фразеологизмов со значением отрицательных эмоций в русском языке". Thesis, Сумский государственный университет, 2019. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/77279.
Full textAbstract:
Актуальность темы данной работы обусловлена
необходимостью изучения закономерностей номинаций человеческих
эмоций в русской фразеологии, а также воссоздания фрагментов
языковой картины мира, связанной с внутренним миром человека и ее
интерпретацией студентами-иностранцами. Исследование
коммуникативно и психологически значимых обозначений эмоций
человека, запечатленных в языковой картине мира, позволяет выявить
представление носителей языка об образе человека, что соответствует
антропологической парадигме современной лингвистики.
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Scott, David Osborn. "Completing the Circle around Rabaul: The Seizure of the Admiralties, February to May 1944." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2004. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0708104-142302/unrestricted/ScottD072704f.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A.)--East Tennessee State University, 2004.<br>Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0708104-142302 Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
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Flaig, Steven. "Clarence R. Huebner: An American Military Story of Achievement." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5281/.
Full textAbstract:
In the eyes of the American public excellence is often overshadowed by brilliance of personality. This is particularly true in the portrayal of many of the country's military leaders in World War II. A prime example of this phenomenon is Douglas MacArthur, whose larger than life persona made him a newspaper fixture during the war despite a series of strategic and tactical blunders that would have led to the sacking of a less visible (and publicly popular) leader. At the level of divisional commanders, this triumph of brilliance over excellence is best exemplified by the two primary leaders of the country's 1st Infantry Division, Terry de la Mesa Allen and Clarence R. Huebner. One was a hard-drinking, swashbuckling leader who led by almost the sheer force of his personality; the other, a plain spoken, demanding officer who believed that organization, planning and attention to detail were the keys to superior battlefield performance. The leadership differences between Allen and Huebner have been documented in multiple publications. What has not been documented is the life of the truly overshadowed general - Huebner. Huebner's transition to the leadership of the 1st Infantry Division (1st ID) constitute only a small period in a military career that spans almost fifty years and two world wars. Huebner's story is cyclic in that throughout his life, his actions regularly complete a full circle with a return to key organizations, areas or relationships from where they started. In many respects, Huebner's story parallels the 20th century biography of the army itself. His is an American military story. This thesis is focused on Huebner's life in the years prior to the 1st ID's landing at Omaha Beach.