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Journal articles on the topic 'Linguistic variable'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Golubeva, N. A. "VARIABLE TENDENCIES OF NATURAL LANGUAGE: SOCIOCOGNITIVE ASPECT." Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki, no. 2 (2025): 53–67. https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2025-2-53-67.

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The article is devoted to studying socially determined linguistic processes, which are traditionally associated with the broad problem of social variation of communication (discourse) and linguistic variability of the German language. It presents the results of a study conducted within the framework of cognitive sociolinguistics - the linguistics of social meanings. The author observes continuity in the development of scientific thought, explores the problem of linguistic variability in two modes - theoretical and applied. The subject of the research is the terminological apparatus and specifi

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Jiang, Lisheng, and Huchang Liao. "Double-quantified linguistic variable." Information Sciences 545 (February 2021): 207–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2020.08.026.

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Sanayei, Ali. "Complexity as a Linguistic Variable." Complex Systems 20, no. 3 (2011): 253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.25088/complexsystems.20.3.253.

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Lu, Xueping, and Jun Ye. "Dombi Aggregation Operators of Linguistic Cubic Variables for Multiple Attribute Decision Making." Information 9, no. 8 (2018): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info9080188.

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A linguistic cubic variable (LCV) is comprised of interval linguistic variable and single-valued linguistic variable. An LCV contains decision-makers’ uncertain and certain linguistic judgments simultaneously. The advantage of the Dombi operators contains flexibility due to its changeable operational parameter. Although the Dombi operations have been extended to many studies to solve decision-making problems; the Dombi operations are not used for linguistic cubic variables (LCVs) so far. Hence, the Dombi operations of LCVs are firstly presented in this paper. A linguistic cubic variable Dombi

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Wolfram, Walt. "The Linguistic Variable: Fact and Fantasy." American Speech 66, no. 1 (1991): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/455432.

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Andreea V, Cojocaru, and Balint Stefan. "Systems of Fuzzy Reasoning and Expert Knowledge-based Fuzzy Reasoning Systems, used in Modelling Real-world Phenomena." International Journal of Physics Research and Applications 8, no. 6 (2025): 156–68. https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ijpra.1001124.

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In this paper, the concept of ‘system of fuzzy reasoning’ is presented. It is the first temptation to expand ideas presented in [1] concerning ‘human intelligence’ linguistic variable and [2] concerning ‘truth value of fuzzy reasoning’ in the framework of the human intelligence linguistic variable. In ‘systems of fuzzy reasoning’, besides the ‘human intelligence’ linguistic variable also other linguistic variables are also used. An expert knowledge-based system of fuzzy reasoning describing the dynamics of a real-world phenomenon is presented.

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de Soto, Adolfo R. "A hierarchical model of a linguistic variable." Information Sciences 181, no. 20 (2011): 4394–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2011.04.006.

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Terkourafi, Marina. "The pragmatic variable: Toward a procedural interpretation." Language in Society 40, no. 3 (2011): 343–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404511000212.

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AbstractLabov defined the linguistic variable as “a class of variants which are ordered along a continuous dimension and whose position is determined by an independent linguistic or extralinguistic variable” (1966:15). A precondition for identifying surface forms as variants of a single variable is semantic, or truth-conditional, equivalence. This requirement proves hard to apply beyond (morpho)phonology, and was subsequently relaxed into one of functional equivalence. The focus of this article is pragmatic variation and how we should interpret functional equivalence to account for this. It is

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Coveney, Aidan. "Awareness of linguistic constraints on variable ne omission." Journal of French Language Studies 8, no. 2 (1998): 159–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959269500004130.

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AbstractMany quantitative studies have shown that sociolinguistic variables, such as the variable omission of ne, are subject to several linguistic constraints, yet linguists have disagreed as to whether speakers themselves are aware of these constraints. This article reports on an Intuitions Elicitation Test designed to explore whether such awareness does exist, both for native-speakers and non-native advanced learners of French. It is suggested tentatively that the results of the test do indeed indicate some awareness of some linguistic constraints on the ne variable, and that some advanced

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Zhou, Sheng Han, and Wen Bing Chang. "Extended Linguistic Variable Based on the Modified Words." Applied Mechanics and Materials 148-149 (December 2011): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.62.

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This paper aims to expand the concept of linguistic variable. The study analyzes the common conclusion forms in the evaluation project. The evaluation often makes the final conclusion by analyzing the fuzzy number and its membership function. However, the information of modified word or phrase (“largely”, “preliminary” and “unclear”) has got lost in analysis. The study develops the extended linguistic variable by integrating the modified and traditional linguistic variable. It is useful to understand the means of ambiguity exactly in the manufacturing processing.

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Ljubešić, Nikola, Maja Miličević Petrović, and Tanja Samardžić. "Borders and boundaries in Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian: Twitter data to the rescue." Journal of Linguistic Geography 6, no. 2 (2018): 100–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2018.9.

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In this paper we deal with the spatial distribution of 16 linguistic features known to vary between Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, and Serbian. We perform our analyses on a dataset of geo-encoded Twitter status messages collected in the period from mid-2013 to the end of 2016. We perform two types of analyses. The first one finds boundaries in the spatial distribution of the linguistic variable levels through the kernel density estimation smoothing technique. These boundaries are then plotted over the state borders for a visual comparison. The second analysis deals with linguistic distance be

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Stańczak, Karolina, Lucas Torroba Hennigen, Adina Williams, Ryan Cotterell, and Isabelle Augenstein. "A Latent-Variable Model for Intrinsic Probing." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 11 (2023): 13591–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i11.26593.

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The success of pre-trained contextualized representations has prompted researchers to analyze them for the presence of linguistic information. Indeed, it is natural to assume that these pre-trained representations do encode some level of linguistic knowledge as they have brought about large empirical improvements on a wide variety of NLP tasks, which suggests they are learning true linguistic generalization. In this work, we focus on intrinsic probing, an analysis technique where the goal is not only to identify whether a representation encodes a linguistic attribute but also to pinpoint where

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Singgih, Suwito, Gilang Fhadilia Avianti, Dwi Winarsih, and Agista Sintia Dewi Adila. "Analysis of Demographic Variables and Creativity in Prospective Teachers: A Correlation Study." Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 12, no. 3 (2024): 492. https://doi.org/10.24036/jbs.v12i3.128450.

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This study analyzes the influence of gender demographic variables and program creativity on linguistics and science in prospective teacher students. These students must possess creativity, as it enables teachers to create effective and engaging learning experiences. Creativity in the field of science differs from creativity in the field of language. The measurement of linguistic creativity is conducted through a test based on Chomsky's indicators, while scientific creativity is assessed using a test developed by Hu and Adey. A total of 150 research subjects were obtained through random samplin

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Dewaele, Jean-Marc, and Adrian Furnham. "Extraversion: The Unloved Variable in Applied Linguistic Research." Language Learning 49, no. 3 (1999): 509–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0023-8333.00098.

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Guy, Gregory R. "Violable is variable: Optimality theory and linguistic variation." Language Variation and Change 9, no. 3 (1997): 333–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394500001952.

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ABSTRACTOptimality theory (OT) (McCarthy & Prince, 1993; Prince & Smolensky, 1993) has been proposed as a constraint-based theory of phonology in which the phonological facts of each language are accounted for by a language-specific ordering of a universal inventory of constraints. The constraints, expressing desirable (i.e., optimal) phonological states, evaluate possible candidate forms, selecting the optimal output. Any constraint may be violated by a surface form if it is overridden by a higherranked constraint; the ordinal sequence of constraints provides a weak quantification of

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Zhou, Sheng Han, Wen Bing Chang, and Ze Jian Xiong. "Risk Assessment Model with 2-Tuple Temporal Linguistic Variable." Applied Mechanics and Materials 58-60 (June 2011): 2540–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.58-60.2540.

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The paper aims to develop a risk assessment model with the fuzzy temporal information. The traditional model assess risk with the risk matrix method. And the method rank the risks without regard to the with the temporal information to assess the risk. The model integrates the method of 2-tuple linguistic and temporal linguistic variable. The improved concept defines the transition symbols operator as the projection of temporal term on the fuzzy linguistic variable. The new model may deal with the temporal information in the fuzzy linguistic judgements. The emprical research give a example by a

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Dadjo, Servais D. Y. "Field Variable and Experiential Meaning in Flora Nwapa’s One Is Enough." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 7, no. 6 (2018): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.7n.6p.52.

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This paper deals with Field Variable and Experiential Meaning in Flora Nwapa’s One Is Enough. The theory that underpins this study is systemic functional linguistics, which is one of the approaches proposed by scholars such as linguists M.A.K Halliday, S. Eggins, J. R. Martin, R. Fowler, J. D. Benson to mention but a very few, for the study of language and its function(s). In this system, the study of language involves three functional labels: experiential, interpersonal and textual meanings. The study of these different functional labels helps to have a deeper understanding of a text. This st

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Yang, Chunlei. "Three worlds of variables to control in linguistics." Theoretical Linguistics 50, no. 3-4 (2024): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tl-2024-2021.

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Abstract Using the Popperian three-world theory, we draw a general picture of linguistic variables in linguistic data elicitation, judgement, and analysis. To cope with these three worlds of variables, we have two suggestions, namely careful variable control and bigger data size, as well as two reminders with respect to indiscriminate data and proportional conclusions.

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Schwenter, Scott A., Lauren Miranda, Ileana Pérez, and Victoria Cataloni. "Reanalyzing Variable Agreement with tu Using an Online Megacorpus of Brazilian Portuguese." Languages 9, no. 6 (2024): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages9060197.

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We reanalyze the phenomenon of verbal (non)agreement with the 2SG tu in a megacorpus of Brazilian Portuguese compiled from the web. Unlike previous research, which has analyzed sociolinguistic interview data and regional differences, we examine these data with a focus on the internal linguistic factors that constrain the variability. Our analysis of 4860 tokens of tu + verb reveals that non-agreement with the 3SG verb form is by far the most common pattern, 2SG agreement being relatively infrequent. Individual verb lexemes show highly distinct rates of (non)agreement. In addition, the specific

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Adeel, Arooj, Muhammad Akram, Imran Ahmed, and Kashif Nazar. "Novel m-Polar Fuzzy Linguistic ELECTRE-I Method for Group Decision-Making." Symmetry 11, no. 4 (2019): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11040471.

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Linguistic variables play a vital role in several qualitative decision environments, in which decision-makers assume several feasible linguistic values or criteria instead of a single term for an alternative or variable. The motivation for the use of words or sentences instead of numbers is that linguistic classification and characterizations are generally less precise than numerical ones. In this research article, we encourage the fuzzy linguistic approach and introduce the novel concept known as m-polar fuzzy linguistic variable (mFLV) to increase the affluence of linguistic variables based

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Armstrong, Nigel. "Variable deletion of French /l/: linguistic, social and stylistic factors." Journal of French Language Studies 6, no. 1 (1996): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959269500004956.

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ABSTRACTThis article considers variable /l/-deletion in the French definite articles, subject clitic pronouns and in one frequent phono-lexical context, exemplified by table ‘table’ and ronfle ‘snore’. It reports the treatment of /l/ by a sample of secondary schoolchildren from Lorraine in north-eastern France. The definite articles and subject clitics are considered on the one hand in relation to the linguistic constraints which influence /l/-deletion, and on the other to the extra-linguistic variables of age, sex and speech style. Variable /l/-deletion in the phono-lexical context referred t

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Azis, Taufik Burhanudin, Syamsul Anwar, and Khoiruddin Bashori. "The Effect of Multiple Inteligence (MI) Towards The Character of Seventh Grade Students of IPA Madrasah Mu'allimin Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta." Kaunia: Integration and Interconnection Islam and Science 16, no. 2 (2020): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/kaunia.2292.

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The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of multiple intelligence toward solemn pray (sholat khusyuk) of seventh grade student of IPA of Madrasah Mu’alimin Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. The research was done to contribute in theory development especially related to Islamic Psychology. It is expected to give the real contribution in increasing the solemn practice pray, especially in Madrasah Mu’alimin Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Eighty five students were used as sample in this research. The data were analyzed by multiple regression using SPSS program 19.00 version. The results of this resear

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HABIB, RANIA. "Parents and their children's variable language: Is it acquisition or more?" Journal of Child Language 44, no. 3 (2016): 628–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000916000155.

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AbstractThis study compares the use of the variable (q), which is realized as rural [q] and urban [ʔ], in the speech of twenty-two parents and their twenty-one children from the village of Oyoun Al-Wadi in Syria. The study shows that children acquire the general gendered linguistic pattern of the community but do not replicate the linguistic frequencies that exist in their immediate environment. Boys and girls exhibit different linguistic behavior. Boys deviate from the non-local caregivers' proportions and approach men's local linguistic behavior, although their local variant proportions rema

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Perdomo Carmona, Marialys. "The discourse marker ¿no? in the speech of Havana: Values and sociolinguistic study." Signos Lingüísticos 18, no. 36 (2024): 54–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24275/sling.v18n36.03.

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"The aim of this article is to describe the use of the discourse marker ¿no? in Havana speech, from a pragmatic and sociolinguistic perspective. Specifically, the phatic and appellative functions of the appendix and its distribution according to linguistic, social and stylistic factors are analyzed in the context of a semi-directed interview and in a specific linguistic community. The frequent use of this sign is verified, especially in middle-aged male speakers with medium and high levels of education. In contrast to the social variables, the discursive position –linguistic variable– and the

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Nurali Mavlanov. "Variable Phonetic Phenomena in Arabic: A Historical-Phonological Analysis." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 1, no. 3 (2025): 6. https://doi.org/10.47134/jpbsi.v1i3.1757.

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This article examines the variable phonetic phenomena in the Arabic language through a historical-phonological lens. It explores key processes such as vowel shifts, consonant assimilation, emphatic consonant articulation, and dialectal variations, tracing their evolution from pre-Islamic Arabic to modern dialects. Drawing on historical texts, including the Qur’an and pre-Islamic poetry, as well as contemporary linguistic studies, the article highlights how phonetic changes reflect both internal linguistic developments and external influences. Challenges in standardizing pronunciation across Ar

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Ye, Jun, Zebo Fang, and Wenhua Cui. "Vector Similarity Measures of Q-Linguistic Neutrosophic Variable Sets and Their Multi-Attribute Decision Making Method." Symmetry 10, no. 10 (2018): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym10100531.

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Since language is used for thinking and expressing habits of humans in real life, the linguistic evaluation for an objective thing is expressed easily in linguistic terms/values. However, existing linguistic concepts cannot describe linguistic arguments regarding an evaluated object in two-dimensional universal sets (TDUSs). To describe linguistic neutrosophic arguments in decision making problems regarding TDUSs, this study proposes a Q-linguistic neutrosophic variable set (Q-LNVS) for the first time, which depicts its truth, indeterminacy, and falsity linguistic values independently correspo

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Barnes, Sonia. "Variable final back vowels in urban Asturian Spanish." Spanish in Context 13, no. 1 (2016): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.13.1.01bar.

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The contact between Asturian and Spanish in the region of Asturias (Spain) has led to the variable incorporation of linguistic features of Asturian into the Spanish of Asturian speakers. Among these features is the use of the masculine singular morpheme /-u/, as opposed to Spanish /-o/. In this study I provide a quantitative analysis of the linguistic and extra-linguistic factors that govern the alternation between the Spanish and the Asturian morphemes, analyzing production data from 24 speakers from Gijón. The results of the mixed logistic regression analysis show that the selection of one v

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Mewada, Shivlal. "Perspectives of Fuzzy Logic and Their Applications." International Journal of Data Analytics 2, no. 1 (2021): 99–145. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijda.2021010105.

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Fuzzy logic is a highly suitable and applicable basis for developing knowledge-based systems in engineering and applied sciences. The concepts of a fuzzy number plays a fundamental role in formulating quantitative fuzzy variable. These are variable whose states are fuzzy numbers. When in addition, the fuzzy numbers represent linguistic concepts, such as very small, small, medium, and so on, as interpreted in a particular contest, the resulting constructs are usually called linguistic variables. Each linguistic variable the states of which are expressed by linguistic terms interpreted as specif

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Gooskens, Charlotte, and Vincent J. van Heuven. "How well can intelligibility of closely related languages in Europe be predicted by linguistic and non-linguistic variables?" Mental representations in receptive multilingualism 10, no. 3 (2019): 351–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lab.17084.goo.

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Abstract We measured mutual intelligibility of 16 closely related spoken languages in Europe. Intelligibility was determined for all 70 language combinations using the same uniform methodology (a cloze test). We analysed the results of 1833 listeners representing the mutual intelligibility between young, educated Europeans from the same 16 countries. Lexical, phonological, orthographic, morphological and syntactic distances were computed as linguistic variables. We also quantified non-linguistic variables (e.g. exposure, attitudes towards the test languages). Using stepwise regression analysis

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Zhumangaliyeva, Nazym, Aliya Doszhanova, Anna Korchenko, Svitlana Kazmirchuk, Zhadyra Avkurova, and Dauriya Zhaxygulova. "METHOD OF LINGUISTIC VARIABLE STANDARDS FORMATION FOR HONEYPOT CLASSIFICATION." BULLETIN 5, no. 387 (2020): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1467.138.

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Nowadays, one of the relevant areas that is developing in the field of information security is associated with the use of Honeypot (virtual lures, online traps), and the selection of criteria for determination of the most effective Honeypot and their further classification is an urgent task. There are presented the main products in which virtual lures technology is implemented. Often they are used to study the behavior, approaches and methods that an unauthorized party uses for unauthorized access to information system resources. Online traps can imitate any resource, but more often they look

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Svarovski, S. G. "Usage of linguistic variable concept for human operator modelling." Fuzzy Sets and Systems 22, no. 1-2 (1987): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-0114(87)90010-8.

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Golev, Nikolai Danilovich, and Victoria Sergeevna Melnikova. "Translatability and understandability as intrinsic properties of linguistic units (ontological aspects of translation linguistics)." Philology. Theory & Practice 18, no. 4 (2025): 1585–96. https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20250225.

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The aim of this research is to systematically organize contemporary theoretical concepts that explore the ontological aspects of translatability and understandability, with a focus on identifying their interconnections with the interpretability of linguistic units. The article analyzes Russian linguistic works devoted to the ontological aspects of translation linguistics, predominantly in the Russian language. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the first identification and systematization of key aspects of the ontology of translation, which previously have not received comprehensive

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Ye, Jun, and Wenhua Cui. "Multiple Attribute Decision-Making Method Using Linguistic Cubic Hesitant Variables." Algorithms 11, no. 9 (2018): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a11090135.

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Linguistic decision making (DM) is an important research topic in DM theory and methods since using linguistic terms for the assessment of the objective world is very fitting for human thinking and expressing habits. However, there is both uncertainty and hesitancy in linguistic arguments in human thinking and judgments of an evaluated object. Nonetheless, the hybrid information regarding both uncertain linguistic arguments and hesitant linguistic arguments cannot be expressed through the various existing linguistic concepts. To reasonably express it, this study presents a linguistic cubic hes

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ROHLFING, KATHARINA J. "Facilitating the acquisition of UNDER by means of IN and ON – a training study in Polish." Journal of Child Language 33, no. 1 (2006): 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000905007257.

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Forty Polish children aged between 1;8 and 2;3 were trained over two training sessions in the comprehension of the preposition POD [UNDER]. In the experiment, two variables were manipulated: a within subjects variable of SITUATION and a between subjects variable of LINGUISTIC INPUT. The effect of situation could be found in all trained groups, showing that children's understanding in familiar and transfer situations differed significantly from the performance of the control group in the post-test. The results further suggest that depending on the type of a situation, the linguistic task requir

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Amos, Jenny, Jonathan R. Kasstan, and Wyn Johnson. "Reconsidering the variable context." English Today 36, no. 3 (2020): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026607842000019x.

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Final consonant cluster simplification, or what variationists have traditionally labelled (t, d)-deletion, remains one of the most well studied variables in the analysis of English (e.g. Labov, 2001: 13). In this body of work, (t, d)-deletion refers to the process whereby /t/ or /d/ can be omitted in word final Ct or Cd coda clusters (e.g. last, mind). However, despite the attention paid to this feature of connected speech, very little (if any) focus has been dedicated to the complementary distribution of the coronal stops /t/ and /d/ in monomorphemic final clusters, as well as other phonologi

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Doss, Prasannakumar. "Linguistic Constructive Approach in Science Class." Al-Hijr: Journal of Adulearn World 1, no. 4 (2023): 280–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.55849/alhijr.v1i4.531.

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The present study examines the effectiveness of Linguistic constructive approach in enhancing achievement in Science among V Standard students. An experimental design has been adopted. Linguistic constructive approach is independent variable and achievement in Science is the dependent variable. Thirty students of standard 5th of a local School here the sample of subjects. The data of achievement in Science on pre and post assessment were collected and computed for analysis. From statistical findings it is concluded that the Linguistic constructive approach enhancing the achievement in Science

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Vlasenko, L. "Linguistic distance as a variable of the gravity model for international trade: example of China." Fundamental and applied researches in practice of leading scientific schools 38, no. 2 (2020): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33531/farplss.2020.2.1.

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This article investigates the role of linguistic distance on bilateral trade by using a set of indicators aimed to depict linguistic distance or proximity of China and its major trade partners. For this purpose, the gravity model that uses the linguistic distance as one of the elements of analysis and forecasting of bilateral trade is utilized. To achieve this goal, existing theories of the gravitational model are considered, the concept of linguistic distance is defined and its expediency to be included in the gravitational model justified. As a result, the impact of linguistic distance on bi

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Lev, Vlasenko. "Linguistic distance as a variable of the gravity model for international trade: example of China." Fundamental and applied researches in practice of leading scientific schools 38, no. 2 (2020): 4–9. https://doi.org/10.33531/farplss.2020.2.1.

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Linguistic distance as a variable of the gravity model for international trade: example of China. Fundamental and applied researches in practice of leading scientific schools, 38 (2), 4-9. This article investigates the role of linguistic distance on bilateral trade by using a set of indicators aimed to depict linguistic distance or proximity of China and its major trade partners. For this purpose, the gravity model that uses the linguistic distance as one of the elements of analysis and forecasting of bilateral trade is utilized. To achieve this goal, existing theories of the gravitational mod

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Ismail, Jamiatun Nadwa, Zahari Rodzi, Faisal Al Al-Sharqi, Hazwani Hashim, and Nor Hashimah Sulaiman. "The Integrated Novel Framework: Linguistic Variables in Pythagorean Neutrosophic Set with DEMATEL for Enhanced Decision Support." International Journal of Neutrosophic Science 21, no. 2 (2023): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/ijns.210212.

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This study proposes a methodology that integrates the Pythagorean Neutrosophic Set (PNS) with the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach. This integration is intended to effectively handle the challenges of uncertainty and linguistic vagueness that are commonly encountered in multi-criteria decision-making scenarios. The PNS-DEMATEL framework comprises eight distinct steps, wherein the fundamental divergence lies in the creation of a linguistic variable within the PNS-DEMATEL framework. The linguistic variable has been formulated utilizing the PNS methodology, there

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Sari, Inda Puspita. "Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan Kebahasaan dengan Kemampuan Menulis Naskah Drama Berdasarkan Pengalaman Pribadi Siswa Kelas 11 SMA Negeri 1 Lubuklinggau." Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra dan Pengajaran (KIBASP) 1, no. 1 (2017): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/kibasp.v1i1.64.

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The purpose of this research is to know how the correlation of linguistic knowledge with the ability to write drama script based on personal experience of class 11 students of SMA Negeri 1 Lubuklinggau. This research uses descriptive correlation method. The data was collected by using two variable test. The variables in this study consist of variables X language knowledge, Y)ability to write drama script based on personal experience. To know how the relationship between linguistic knowledge with the ability to write drama script based on personal experience of students of class 11 SMA Negeri 1

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Szmrecsanyi, Benedikt. "Register in variationist linguistics." Register Studies 1, no. 1 (2019): 76–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rs.18006.szm.

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Abstract Benedikt Szmrecsanyi, Professor of Linguistics in the Quantitative Lexicology and Variational Linguistics research group at the Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, writes this article exploring the connections between register and variationist linguistics. He is involved with various large-scale research projects in areas such as probabilistic grammar, variationist sociolinguistic research, linguistic complexity, and dialectology/dialectometry. Szmrecsanyi’s books include Grammatical Variation in British English Dialects: A Study in Corpus-based Dialectometry (2013, Cambridge) and Ag

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Kamacı, Hüseyin, Akın Atagün, and Emirhan Toktaş. "Bijective soft matrix theory and multi-bijective linguistic soft decision system." Filomat 32, no. 11 (2018): 3799–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1811799k.

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In this paper, we firstly introduce bijective soft matrix theory and research its operations, properties and algebraic structures in detail. Also, we present a bijective soft decision system based on the bijective soft matrix theory. Moreover, we construct a multi-bijective linguistic soft decision system by employing the matrices corresponding to the bijective soft sets generated from the linguistic variable parameters. Finally, the system?s decision algorithm and its application for a decision making problem are given. By using the algorithm, we determine both the linguistic variables accord

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Habibie, Alvons, and Wiyanti Wiyanti. "The linkage regarding students’ level of linguistic intelligence and their English academic performance." Journal of English Teaching and Linguistic Issues (JETLI) 1, no. 3 (2022): 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.58194/jetli.v1i3.249.

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The goal of this study was to determine the relationship between the students' linguistic intelligence and their success in English learning. The researchers engaged with a quantitative analysis employing a correlational method. This study's population comprised of all 218 students enrolled in SMK Negeri 1 Banggai. 69 eighth-grade students were employed as the sample for this study. In this investigation, the questionnaire and the documentation served as the instruments. Principal data analysis techniques were linear and simple regression analysis. According to the research findings, there was

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Shin, Su-reun. "A Study on the Usage Patterns of Namgyeo Noh- and Namgyeo Du- Based on Logistic Regression Analysis." Korean Society of Bilingualism 99 (March 31, 2025): 265–83. https://doi.org/10.17296/korbil.2025..99.265.

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This study analyzes the usage patterns of the auxiliary verb constructions Namgyeo noh- and Namgyeo du-, which indicate a resultant state, to examine the factors influencing their selection. To this end, instances of both expressions were extracted from a corpus, and linguistic features were designed. Based on a lexico-grammatical framework, key explanatory variables were established, including subject type, object type, destination argument type, sentence type, and modality expression type. The linguistic variable was binarized, with Namgyeo noh- coded as 0 and Namgyeo du- as 1. A logistic re

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Kudriashova, A. "The quality model of postpress processes designing." Technological Complexes 16 (December 5, 2019): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36910/2312-0584-16-2019-004.

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The essence of the phasification process is described. The set of linguistic variables of the process of designing the post-printing processes is distinguished: publication indicators, design features, operating conditions, type of production, materials, type of equipment, technological and economic calculations, scheme of technological process. Partial quality indicators of linguistic variables have been formed: quality of publication formation, quality of production organization, quality of planning. The notation and linguistic nature of each variable, the universal sets of values, and the c

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Cook, Eung-Do. "Linguistic divergence in Fort Chipewyan." Language in Society 20, no. 3 (1991): 423–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500016560.

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ABSTRACTScollon and Scollon (1979) claimed that the consonantal system of Chipewyan in Fort Chipewyan has been reduced to 16 segments from 39 influenced by Cree, a case of linguistic convergence. This conclusion was based on their incoherent and indiscriminate admixture of variable data. While there is no Chipewyan speaker whose consonantal inventory includes only 16 phonemes, there is ample evidence for the merger of two series of coronal affricates in an innovative system like in other Athapaskan languages that have had no intimate contact with Cree. That is, there is evidence for intralingu

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Al-Quran, Ashraf, Hazwani Hashim, and Lazim Abdullah. "A Hybrid Approach of Interval Neutrosophic Vague Sets and DEMATEL with New Linguistic Variable." Symmetry 12, no. 2 (2020): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12020275.

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Nowadays, real world problems are complicated because they deal with uncertainty and incomplete information. Obviously, such problems cannot be solved by a single technique because of the multiple perspectives that may arise. Currently, the combination of DEMATEL and the neutrosophic environment are still new and not fully explored. Previous studies of DEMATEL and this neutrosophic environment have been carried out based on numerical values to represent a new scale. Until now, little importance has been placed on the development of a linguistic variable for DEMATEL. It is important to develop

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Gries, Stefan Th. "Dispersions and adjusted frequencies in corpora." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 13, no. 4 (2008): 403–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.13.4.02gri.

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The most frequent statistics in corpus linguistics are frequencies of occurrence and frequencies of co-occurrence of two or more linguistic variables. However, such frequencies in isolation may sometimes be misleading since they do not take into consideration the degree of dispersion of the relevant linguistic variable. Many dispersion measures and adjusted frequency measures have been suggested but are neither widely known nor applied. Another unfortunate aspect of such measures is that many also come with a variety of problems. I pursue three objectives with this article. First, I want to ra

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Alajmi, Nasser Mohammed, and Abdullah Ghannam Alghannam. "The Sociolinguistic Salience of Linguistic Variables in Najdi Arabic." World Journal of English Language 12, no. 6 (2022): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v12n6p114.

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This study examines the relative sociolinguistic salience of three linguistic variables in two Najdi dialects, the bedouin and sedentary dialects. The quantitative data elicited from sociolinguistic interviews in Alajmi (2019) shows that bedouins are converging on the sedentary dialect, to varying degrees across the variables. The aim of this study is to test whether the sociolinguistic salience of the variables is the reason why there is variation in the level of convergence. Three methods have been used to measure the relative salience of the variables, the Social Category Association Test (

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Félix, Sara B., Josefa N. S. Pandeirada, and James S. Nairne. "Animacy norms for 224 European Portuguese concrete words." Análise Psicológica 38, no. 2 (2020): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14417/ap.1690.

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Words are frequently used, for example, as stimuli in cognitive and linguistic research. Consideringthat there are various psycholinguistic variables known to influence word processing (e.g., frequency,concreteness), it is important to control for those variables. Recently, it has been reported that animacy(the characteristic of being a living/animate or a non-living/inanimate entity) also affects variouscognitive and linguistic processes. In fact, animacy has been found to be one of the best predictors offree recall. However, animacy is still an uncontrolled variable in most studies and infor

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