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Academic literature on the topic 'Lipase hormono-sensible'
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Journal articles on the topic "Lipase hormono-sensible"
Langin, D., S. Lucas, and R. Blaise. "La lipase hormono-sensible : que nous apprend l'invalidation du gène ?" médecine/sciences 16, no. 6-7 (2000): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/10608/1739.
Full textMorigny, P., M. Houssier, S. Caspar-Bauguil, D. Beuzelin, A. Mairal, C. Postic, H. Guillou, and D. Langin. "PO18 L’inhibition de la lipase hormono-sensible adipocytaire améliore la sensibilité à l’insuline via l’induction de la lipogenèse de novo." Diabetes & Metabolism 41 (March 2015): A27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1262-3636(15)30095-1.
Full textSollier, C., C. Aguilhon, E. Capel, M. Ladsous, M. Auclair, O. Lascols, E. Renard, C. Vigouroux, and I. Jéru. "Des variants pathogènes du gène de la lipase hormono-sensible sont responsables d’un syndrome associant lipodystrophie partielle et lipomatose de Launois-Bensaude." Annales d'Endocrinologie 81, no. 4 (September 2020): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2020.07.109.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Lipase hormono-sensible"
Grober, Jacques. "Mécanismes transcriptionnels et post-transcriptionnels contrôlant l'expression du gène de la lipase hormono-sensible." Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30268.
Full textGirousse, Amandine. "Régulation de la protéine découplante UCP3 et inhibition génique ou pharmacologique de la lipase hormono-sensible." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1029/.
Full textIn a first part, this study focuses on the regulation of the expression of the uncoupling protein-3 (UCP3). UCP3 is an inner mitochondrial protein almost exclusively expressed in skeletal muscle in human which could be implicated in fatty acid metabolism. A transgenesis approach has been used to create animal bearing all or part of the UCP3 gene in order to delineate the sequences responsible for the muscle specific expression. A 600 bp sequence of the human UCP3 intron 1 gene has been identified which confers the muscular expression in vivo. The second part of this study is dedicated to the functional consequences of the alteration of lipolytic capacities in mouse adipose tissue. Adipocyte lipolysis is partly achieved by the hormone sensitive-lipase (HSL). HSL expression and activity is altered in adipose tissue of obese and/or insulin resistant subjects. We developed mouse models of genetic and pharmacological inhibition of HSL. Reduction of lipolytic capacity was associated with an improvement of insulin sensitivity and fatty acid metabolism in both animal models. Adipose tissue inflammation, that is a well known modulator of insulin sensitivity, did not seem to be involved in this phenotype
Morigny, Pauline. "Etude des mécanismes liant l'inhibition de la lipase hormono-sensible et l'amélioration de la sensibilité à l'insuline." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30267.
Full textInsulin resistance is a feature frequently associated to obesity and an early defect in the development of type 2 diabetes. Improvement of fat cell insulin signaling may favor recovery of whole body systemic insulin sensitivity in pre-diabetic and diabetic states. In this context, inhibition of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in adipocytes (an enzyme responsible for fatty acid release by adipose tissue) was demonstrated to be protective against insulin resistance. However, the mechanisms remained unclear. Consequently, my PhD work aimed at understanding the mechanisms linking HSL inhibition and improvement of insulin sensitivity. In human adipocytes, HSL gene silencing increased glucose transport, de novo lipogenesis and insulin signaling. Among de novo lipogenesis enzymes, ELOVL6 was preferentially induced in vitro and in vivo during HSL partial deficiency, resulting in enrichment of phospholipids and triglycerides in oleic acid. ELOVL6 gene silencing in human adipocytes provided the direct demonstration of the role of the enzyme in the beneficial effect of HSL inhibition. Fat cell insulin signaling was also impaired in adipose tissue of Elovl6 null mice. In clinical studies, ELOVL6 expression was blunted in insulin resistant states and restored after bariatric surgery. ELOVL6-mediated oleic acid enrichment of phospholipids was responsible for the positive effect of HSL inhibition on insulin signaling. FRAP studies revealed an increase in plasma membrane fluidity and insulin signaling in adipocytes overexpressing ELOVL6. In the liver, ELOVL6 is a target of ChREBP. Adipose ChREBP, notably the constitutively active isoform ChREBPß, recently emerged as a major determinant of systemic insulin action on glucose metabolism. In humans, we observed in several in vitro models and in vivo studies a strong positive association between adipose ChREBPß and ELOVL6. Dual HSL-ChREBP inhibition blunted adipose ELOVL6 expression in vivo and in vitro and mirrored ELOVL6 gene silencing on fatty acid profile and insulin signaling. Importantly, we found that physical interaction between HSL and ChREBP impairs ChREBP translocation into the nucleus and its transcriptional activity. A naturally short form of HSL devoid of catalytic activity retained the capacity to bind ChREBP. We also demonstrated that ChREBP-HSL interaction was specific of the lipase and restricted to adipocyte. To conclude, our work identifies a novel pathway critical for optimal insulin signaling in fat cells which links the neutral lipase HSL to the glucose-responsive transcription factor ChREBP and its target gene, the fatty acid elongase, ELOVL6. ELOVL6-mediated oleate enrichment in phospholipids increases membrane fluidity and improves insulin signaling. Inhibition of HSL/ChREBP interaction in adipose tissue may be beneficial in the treatment of obesity-associated insulin resistance
Lucas, Stéphanie. "Etude de la lipase hormono-sensible à l'aide de modèles transgéniques : effet d'une surexpression dans le tissu adipeux, analyse du promoteur adipocytaire et caractérisation dans l'intestin." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30221.
Full textBen, Ali Yassine. "Etude du mécanisme d'inhibition de la lipase hormono-sensible humaine, cible thérapeutique pour le traitement du diabète du type 2." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2006AIX22002.pdf.
Full textBadin, Pierre-Marie. "Étude du rôle des lipases musculaires dans la régulation du métabolisme des lipides et de la sensibilité à l'insuline." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2068/.
Full textDuring my PhD thesis, we studied the pathophysiological link between skeletal muscle lipolysis and insulin-resistance. We also evaluated the role of skeletal muscle lipolysis in the regulation of lipid and oxidative metabolism. We have shown that the expression of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in skeletal muscle, a limiting enzyme of lipolysis, was negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity in a cohort of lean, obese and type 2 diabetic subjects. To study the effect of ATGL up-regulation on insulin sensitivity, we next over-expressed ATGL in human primary myocytes. Insulin-sensitivity and signaling were both reduced. We also showed that these effects were dependant on diacylglycerol (DAG) production and protein kinase C (PKC) activation. PKC are known to inhibit insulin receptor substrate 1 by serine phosphorylation. We next studied, in a murine mouse model, the effect of high fat feeding on insulin resistance and skeletal muscle lipase expression. We have shown an increase of comparative gene identification 58 (CGI-58) expression (a co-activator of ATGL) and a decrease of hormone sensitive lipase phosphorylation on its activating residue at serine 660. This deregulation of lipolysis was associated with a strong increase of total DAG concentration and PKC ? and e membrane translocationin skeletal muscle. In parallel to this work, we studied the metabolic role of CGI-58 in skeletal muscle through overexpression and knockdown studies in primary human myocytes. We have shown that CGI-58 is a co-activator of ATGL in skeletal muscle. Moreover we observed during the knockdown of CGI-58 a decrease of lipid oxidation and an increase of glucose oxidation. These effects were partly explained by the down-regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 expression. These effects were mostly mediated by a decrease of peroxysome proliferator-activated receptor beta/d activation by fatty acid from lipolysis. Finally our work shows for the first time a pathophysiological link between lipases deregulation and insulin-resistance in skeletal muscle. These data also significantly contribute to a better understanding of the molecular and physiological regulation of skeletal muscle lipolysis
Plee-Gautier, Emmanuelle. "Regulation par les hormones et les nutriments de l'expression de deux genes du metabolisme intermediaire de l'adipocyte ; la lipase hormono-sensible et l'aspartate aminotransferase." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA11T034.
Full textRay, Hind. "Expressions comparées de la lipase hormono-sensible et de la périlipine dans les tissus adipeux sous-cutané et omental des sujets témoins et obèses." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10014.
Full textCapel, Émilie. "Formes monogéniques de lipomatose de Launois-Bensaude : étude clinique et moléculaire, et modélisation cellulaire." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS501.
Full textThis work, initiated in cooperation with the rare diseases reference center ‘Pathologies de la Résistance à l’Insuline et de l’Insulino-Sensibilité’, focuses on the pathophysiology of rare lipodystrophic syndromes. Among them, Launois-Bensaude lipomatosis, also called multiple symmetric lipomatosis (MSL), is characterized by upper-body lipomatous masses and frequent metabolic alterations. We have investigated the largest reported series of patients with MSL due to the MFN2 p.Arg707Trp variant. MFN2 encodes mitofusin 2, a protein involved in mitochondrial fusion. Additionally, a patient with clinical symptoms consistent with MSL, harboring a new p. Glu943Glyfs*22 variant of LIPE, encoding hormone-sensitive lipase, a key enzyme in the lipolysis pathway, has also been studied. The clinical, biological and adipose tissue characteristics of patients carrying MFN2 and LIPE variants, allow for a better definition of MSL within the lipodystrophic syndromes. We have isolated adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) from lipomas and used this cellular model to assess the impact of variants on adipocyte differentiation and functions. Morphological (optic and electronic microscopy) and functional studies (immunohistochemistry, gene and protein expression, lipolysis, and mitochondrial respiration) on pseudo-lipomas and/or on ASC show numerous adipose dysfunctions and highlight the thermogenic phenotype of adipocytes from MFN2-MSL patients. This MFN2-related lipodystrophy could result from a misbalance of white and beige adipocyte differentiation
Kabbaj, Ouafae. "Étude du rôle de la lipase hormono-sensible dans le métabolisme du cholestérol dans le testicule de cobaye et de vison." Thèse, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14632.
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