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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lipid compositions'

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1

Hillbrick, Gordon Colin, and kimg@deakin edu au. "THE LIPID COMPOSITION OF CASHMERE GOAT FIBRES." Deakin University, 1994. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20031205.162817.

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This study examined the differences in the chemical composition, particularly fatty acids, of the lipid extracted from the fibre of bucks, does and castrated goats. The study provides a more detailed understanding of the chemical composition of buck fibre lipid and how it varies throughout the year, and also details the effect of body region and nutrition on the production and chemical composition of lipid from buck fibre. Lipid was extracted with either petroleum ether (non-polar) or chloroform/methanol azeotrope (polar) and analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrom
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2

Fischer, Carol Lea. "Oral mucosal lipids are antimicrobial against Porphyromonas gingivalis, induce ultrastructural damage, and alter bacterial lipid and protein compositions." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2494.

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Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammation of the gingiva and periodontium that leads to progressive destruction and irreversible damage to the supportive structures of the teeth. It affects nearly half of the United States population and is a particular risk factor in adults older than 65 years of age. Oral microorganisms assemble in plaque as a polymicrobial biofilm and Porphyromonas gingivalis, an important secondary colonizer in oral biofilms, has been implicated in periodontal disease. Although the protective funct
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3

Jahan, Kishowar. "Quality in organic, free-range and conventional chicken breasts related to lipid antioxidant compositions." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417332.

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4

Shah, Siddharth Prakashchandra. "LIPID COMPOSITIONS OF MICROBIAL ORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS AND THEIR IMPLICATION IN THERMO STABILITY OF BACTERIAL CELL MEMBRANE STRUCTURE." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/419298.

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Chemistry<br>Ph.D.<br>Microorganisms with an ability to thrive in harsh environments are referred as “extremophiles”. With advances in biotechnology, interest has grown in the extremophile research because of their unique macromolecules’ characteristics due to their growth environments. Over last decade, researchers have isolated many extremophiles from environments like volcano, salt lakes, hydrothermal vents, deep oceans, Antarctica glaciers etc. Macromolecules of these extremophiles are responsible for their survival in extreme environments. In this research work we have isolated lipid mole
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5

鄺懿珩 and Yi-hang Agnes Kwong. "Lipid composition and lipases of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (nematoda: metastrongyloidea)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31209208.

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6

Kwong, Yi-hang Agnes. "Lipid composition and lipases of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (nematoda: metastrongyloidea) /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1989. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12583273.

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7

Hitchcock, C. A. "Antifungal agents and membrane lipids of Candida albicans." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382567.

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8

Bolton-Smith, C. "The effect of dietary fats on membrane lipid composition and atherogenesis." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.254369.

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9

Charalambous, Kalypso Nicola. "The effect of lipid bilayer composition on small multidrug resistance transporters." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432740.

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10

Jamieson, Elizabeth Cherry. "Human brain lipid fatty acid composition in relation to infant diet." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 1998. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/981/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 1998.<br>Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, 1998. Research carried out in the Departments of Pathological Biochemistry and Child Health, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill NHS Trust. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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11

Nada, Filipović. "Uticaj sastava i uloge lipida brašna u procesu izrade hleba." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Tehnološki fakultet Novi Sad, 1998. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=71440&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Apstrakt je obrađen tehnologijama za optičko prepoznavanje teksta (OCR)Utvrdeni su sastav i količine nepolarnih i polarnih lipida kao i lipida iz skroba u pojedinim fazama izrade hleba na dva uzorka bra&scaron;na od kvalitetne p&scaron;enice. Takode su odredene promene i prelazi lipidnih sastojaka pod uticajem fizičkih, mehaničkih i toplotnih delovanja tokom tehnolo&scaron;kog postupka.Na osnovu sastava masnih kiselina u lipidnim jedinjenjima razdvojenim tankoslojnom hromatografijom i računa verovatnoće utvrđen je njihov najverovatniji sastav.Iz ekstrakta nepolarnih lipida bra&scaron;na kvanti
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12

Chang, Huey-Huey 1962. "Dietary fat effects on egg yolk lipid composition and hepatic lipogenic enzymes." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277290.

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Menhaden oil, corn oil, olive oil or animal fat (1, 3, 5 or 8% of diet) effects on egg yolk fatty acids and hepatic lipogenic enzymes were studied in 35 week-old laying hens. Except for significantly lowered egg weights by menhaden oil, performance was unaffected. Yolk saturated fat remained constant (33-38% of yolk fat) regardless of fat source. Maximum o-3 fatty acid incorporation (.31 g/yolk) was reached with a deposition efficiency of 36.3% by feeding 5% menhaden oil. Yolk lipid contained.3% linolenic (C18:3o3), 1.0% eicosapentaenoic (C20:5o3), and 3.8% docosapentaenoic (C22: 5o3) acids. M
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13

Bennoson, Janet. "The effect of manipulating the macronutrient composition of meals postprandial lipid metabolism." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310698.

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14

Dyda, Rachael Y. "Linking phylogeny and lipid composition of natural bacterial communities in arctic waters." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3252.

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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.<br>Thesis research directed by: Marine, Estuarine, Environmental Sciences Graduate Program. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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15

Li, Tong. "Lipid Class Composition of Oysters, Crassostrea virginica, Exposed to Sediment-Associated PAHs." W&M ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617705.

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16

Monteiro, Regina Teresa Rosim. "Lipid production and composition in haploid and diploid strains of Aspergillus nidulans." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14174.

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Six auxotrophic mutants of A. nidulans were crossed in a dialell cross system to obtain heterokaryous and heterozygous diploids. In order to ascertain their lipid accumulation ability, some of these mutants and diploids were tested in a minimal medium (with 3% glucose + 0.6% NaNO3), either in a shaker or in an incubator without agitation. Both, the mutants and diploids, exhibited only 4.6% lipid, on a dry weight basis. With the aim of optimising culture conditions for lipid accumulation, a wild type was cultivated in a range of different media and cultural conditions. The best yield (about 24%
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17

Kurt, Esra. "Associations between lipid composition, shelf life and sensory quality in ruminant meats." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/a77d9a0c-f888-4650-b6b8-7c1b8f5cee45.

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18

Alomaim, Haya. "Effects of Dietary Calcium on Body Composition and Lipid Metabolism in Rats." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37602.

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Calcium (Ca) intakes may affect cardiovascular disease risk by altering body weight/fat and serum lipid profile, but results have been inconsistent and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Thus, the effects of dietary Ca on body composition and lipid metabolism were examined in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were fed high-fat, high-energy diets containing (g/kg) low (0.75Ca, 0.86 ± 0.05; 2Ca, 2.26 ± 0.02), normal (5Ca, 5.55 ± 0.08) or high (10Ca,11.03 ± 0.17; 20Ca, 21.79 ± 0.15) Ca for 10 weeks. At the end of the study the 0.75Ca group had lower (p < 0.05) body weight and fat mas
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19

Zampelas, Antonios. "Effect of dietary fatty acid structure and composition on postprandial lipid metabolism." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1993. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/770401/.

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In this thesis effects of dietary fatty acid composition and of positional distribution of fatty acids in dietary TAG, on postprandial lipid and hormone responses, were investigated. A6 week fish oil supplementation period (2.7 g n-3 fatty acids per day) decreased fasting TAG and increased TC (p<0.05) and LDL-C (p<0.05) levels in normal subjects. Postprandial plasma TAG responses to a test meal were also significantly reduced following the fish oil supplementation period (area under the response curves, p<0.001). Apolipoproteins A-I and B responses did not alter in response to chronic fish oil
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Azevedo, Vítor Manuel Madureira. "Lipidomic study of the red marine macroalgae as source of bioactive compounds." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17513.

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Mestrado em Mestre em Bioquímica, ramo da Bioquímica Clínica<br>Marine macroalgae, or seaweeds, have gained an increased interest in recent times for the use in various biotechnological applications, due to the added-value of their chemical constituents. Among them, glycolipids and phospholipids display several commercial applications in a wide spectrum of industries, such as food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic. In an effort to further understand the lipid composition of macroalgae, the present work reports, for the first time, the isolation and characterization of the polar lipid profile of the
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21

White, Philip Lewis. "The effects of environmental warming on Antarctic soil microbial communities." Thesis, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340641.

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22

Hughes, David Aled. "Regulation of lymphocyte stimulation by lipid components of lung lining fluid and changes in lipid composition in chronic inflammatory lung diseases." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46831.

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23

Durnford, Edward A. D. "Lipid composition of selected tissues and milk of phocid seals of eastern Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0018/MQ54891.pdf.

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24

Li, Ling. "The analysis of global gene expression related to starch, lipid and protein composition." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2006.

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25

Brown, Angela Carin Wrenn Steven Parker. "The effect of lipid composition on cholesterol-rich domain size in model membranes /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/2809.

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26

Joseph, Shama Vasanthi. "Effect of different conjugated linoleic acid isomers on lipid metabolism and body composition." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27641/27641.pdf.

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27

Rasheed, Nabeela. "The effects of sterol biosynthesis inhibitors on the lipid composition of Apium graveolens." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385160.

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28

James, Alexander David. "Membrane lipid composition response to growth conditions in prokaryotic extremophiles and non-extremophiles." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368216.

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29

Du, Plessis Michelle. "The role of carnitine in eukaryotic cells : Using yeast as a model." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97946.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Previous studies in yeast in this laboratory have found carnitine to be both protective against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide and to increase the detrimental effect of dithiothreitol. These phenotypes were found to be independent of the role of carnitine within the carnitine shuttle. A screen for suppressor mutations for these carnitine-dependent phenotypes identified, among others, Δcho2 and Δopi3. Cho2p and Opi3p catalyse the sequential methylation reactions in the formation of phosphatidylcholine from pho
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Chae, Sung Hee. "Conjugated linoleic acid reduces lipid oxidation in irradiated, cooked ground beef patties." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5983.

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This study was conducted to examine the antioxidative effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in irradiated, cooked ground beef patties. The hypothesis was that CLA would be retained during irradiation and would reduce lipid oxidation that is caused by irradiation. The objective was to evaluate the effects of CLA alone and in combination with irradiation on lipid oxidation, fatty acid composition, cooking loss, moisture and fat content, and trained panel sensory evaluations of beef patties. CLA was added at 0, 1, 2, or 4% level during the grinding process. Addition of CLA during the grinding
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Turner, Nigel. "Membrane lipid composition and its effect on sodium pump molecular activity a comparative study /." Access electronically, 2003. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20041025.154427.

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32

Dorrance, Anne McLaren. "Cell membrane lipid composition in relation to physical properties and function : a methodological study." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360931.

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33

Espiritu, Wilma. "The Influence of Lipid Composition on the Binding of LDL to Chondroitin 6-Sulphate." VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/943.

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The interaction between low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and glycosaminoglycans is a key factor in atherosclerosis. The present study examines the characteristics of LDL and its binding properties with the main glycosaminoglycan of the vascular wall, chondroitin 6- sulphate (C6S). The compositional characteristics that were studied for each LDL sample were phase transition temperature, phospholipid content, free cholesterol content, cholesteryl ester content, triglyceride content, and size. Correlations of these characteristics with LDL-C6S binding were analyzed using a turbidity assay. Our resu
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Furimsky, Anna M. "Characterization of the lipid composition of washed and percoll gradient centrifuged epididymal mouse sperm." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9396.

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Capacitation is an important yet poorly understood process during which the fluidity of the sperm membrane increases to prepare sperm for the acrosome reaction (AR) and subsequent sperm-egg binding. While cholesterol efflux may be partially responsible for this increase, modification of lipid components, such as remodeling of specific phospholipid (PL) bound unsaturated fatty acyl chains, may also be involved, since no change in the cholesterol:PL molar ratio following capacitation in mouse has been previously described. In this study, lipid classes (cholesterol, PL, sulfogalactosylglycerolipi
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Howard, Brandon Daniel. "Shear and Composition Effects on Porous Network Properties and the Permeability of Lipid Films." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1593680466745792.

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36

Xu, Yuanda. "Thermodynamic and Hydrodynamic Coupling Effects on Compositional Lipid Domains in Membrane Stack Systems." Thesis, Princeton University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10642189.

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<p> This dissertation will focus on my work in biophysics, and my work in mean field games and glucose predictive analysis will not be presented. Several problems relating to the effects of thermodynamic coupling and hydrodynamic coupling within the membrane stack system are discussed. Three theoretical approaches are employed and proposed to study the membrane stack system: a diffuse-interface approach is utilized for numerical simulations; a coarse-grained sharp-interface approach is utilized to provide physical understanding of various kinetics; a hybrid intermediate sharp-interface approac
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Ariöz, Candan. "Exploring the Interplay of Lipids and Membrane Proteins." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för biokemi och biofysik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-102675.

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The interplay between lipids and membrane proteins is known to affect membrane protein topology and thus have significant effect (control) on their functions. In this PhD thesis, the influence of lipids on the membrane protein function was studied using three different membrane protein models. A monotopic membrane protein, monoglucosyldiacylglyecerol synthase (MGS) from Acholeplasma laidlawii is known to induce intracellular vesicles when expressed in Escherichia coli. The mechanism leading to this unusual phenomenon was investigated by various biochemical and biophysical techniques. The resul
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Chen, Jia. "Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Enrichment on Lipid and Fatty Acid Composition of Estuarine Microplankton." W&M ScholarWorks, 1989. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617601.

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39

Buckley, Melanie. "Studies on the effect of interleukin-33 on gene expression and lipid composition of macrophages." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2014. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/67679/.

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The atherosclerotic plaque is characterised by the presence of macrophage foam cells that arise from dysfunctional cholesterol metabolism and trafficking. Cytokines are highly expressed within the plaque and play a critical function in initiating and augmenting the disease state. Previous studies have shown that the novel cytokine, interleukin-33 (IL-33), exerts anti-atherogenic actions in animal and in vitro models of the disease. The effect of IL-33 on pro-atherosclerotic markers was assessed in human THP-1 and murine RAW264.7 macrophages and primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs
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Shinde, Suhas, Shivakumar Devaiah, and Aruna Kilaru. "Profiling Abscisic Acid-Induced Changes in Fatty Acid Composition in Mosses." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4745.

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In plants, change in lipid composition is a common response to various abiotic stresses. Lipid constituents of bryophytes are of particular interest as they differ from that of flowering plants. Unlike higher plants, mosses have high content of very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Such lipids are considered to be important for survival of nonvascular plants. Here, using abscisic acid (ABA )-induced changes in lipid composition in Physcomitrella patens as an example, a protocol for total lipid extraction and quantification by gas chromatography (GC) coupled with flame ionization detecto
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Hunter, David Gregory. "The effects of lipid composition and extrusion pressure and temperature on the properties of phospholipid vesicles." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq24162.pdf.

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Berman, Michelle Lea. "Effects of Food Deprivation on Blood Lipid Concentration and Composition in Steller Sea Lions (Eumetopias Jubatus)." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2958.

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Steller sea lions, the largest Otariid, fast during their breeding season; during this time they refrain from ingesting food for a period of 12-43 days. Fasting, while undertaking an extremely energetically demanding activity (breeding and pupping), requires specific physiological adaptations. This study examined the physiological response to fasting of two age classes, juveniles and sub-adults, during the breeding and non-breeding seasons to determine how these animals utilize lipids and the pattern of fatty acid mobilization from lipid stores during fasting. Four juveniles and 5 sub-adults w
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Kelso, Karen Anne. "The lipid and fatty acid composition of semen in relation to fertility in the male animal." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2145/.

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Spermatozoa are highly specialised cells which display a range of unique features associated with their crucial function of egg fertilisation. One of the most striking characteristics of spermatozoa, in biochemical terms, is the extremely high proportion of long chain highly polyunsaturated fatty acids present as components of the plasma membrane phospholipids. This high degree of unsaturation is almost unique amongst animal cells; the only other cell types which display similar levels of these polyunsaturates are the neurons of the brain and retina. The reason why spermatozoa exhibit such an
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Kingston, Catharine Alison. "The effect of modulating membrane lipid composition on the thermal sensitivity of tumour cells in culture." Thesis, Durham University, 1989. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6533/.

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The plasma membrane, which separates intracellular contents from extra cellular milieu, consists of a lipid bilayer comprising mainly phospholipids and cholesterol together with various functional proteins, which control the interaction of the cell with its environment. Cells are killed at elevated temperatures and previous work suggests that the plasma membrane may be a primary target in this hyperthermic cell death. The present study set out to test this hypothesis using a rat liver tumour cell hue (Hepatoma Tissue Culture cells). Several different experimental approaches were adopted. Suppl
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Garry, Jennifer Mary Christina. "The effect of dietary n-3 and n-6 PUFA intake on atheromatous plaque lipid composition." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367970.

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46

Alfaia, Cristina Maria Riscado Pereira Mateus. "Contribution to the study of lipid composition and nutritional value of intramuscular fat in ruminant meats." Doctoral thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1157.

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Tese de Doutoramento em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal<br>Contribuição para o estudo da composição lipídica e do valor nutricional da gordura intramuscular na carne de ruminantes - A composição em ácidos gordos e o ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA) são temas actuais de grande interesse, com particular relevância para a qualidade da carne e saúde humana. As carnes de ruminantes têm sido consideradas alimentos pouco saudáveis, principalmente devido à sua fracção lipídica com elevada concentração em ácidos gordos saturados. Contudo, as gorduras edíveis dos ruminantes são a principal fonte natur
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Potu, Ramesh Babu. "THE EFFECT OF LIPID SUPPLEMENTS ON THE POPULATION OF SELECTED RUMINAL BACTERIA VARIES WITH THE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION." OpenSIUC, 2009. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/67.

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There is an increasing body of evidence that conjugated linoleic acid (c9t11 CLA) suppresses chemically induced tumor development in cell cultures and animal models. Ruminant-derived foods make a major contribution to total fat consumption and are the main source of c9t11 CLA in the human diet. In light of the potential benefits to long-term human health, there has been increased interest in enhancing the concentrations of potentially beneficial fatty acids (FA) in milk and meat. Factors affecting c9t11CLA production and secretion into milk fat have been extensively studied the last 10 years a
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Strömstedt, Adam A. "Antimicrobial Peptide Interactions with Phospholipid Membranes : Effects of Peptide and Lipid Composition on Membrane Adsorption and Disruption." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för farmaci, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-100966.

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The interactions between antimicrobial peptides and phospholipid membranes were investigated, in terms of lipid headgroup variations and the role of cholesterol, as well as peptide composition and structure. Also strategies for increasing proteolytic stability were evaluated. The interactions were studied on model membranes in the form of liposomes and supported bilayers, through a combination of ellipsometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism, dynamic light scattering, electrophoresis, electron cryomicroscopy, and bacterial/cell culture experiments. The findings showed that membra
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Burkhardt, Jonathan. "Homology modeling of bovine rhodopsin investigation of the effect of lipid composition and equilibration on predicted structure /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1131483101.

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50

Cole, Rachel M. "The effects of fermented soy and soy diets on hepatic lipid composition in zucker (fa/fa) rats." Connect to resource, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/6601.

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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2006.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 26 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-26). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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