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Journal articles on the topic 'Lipo-polymer'
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1
Amanor-Boadu, Judy M., and Anthony Guiseppi-Elie. "Improved Performance of Li-ion Polymer Batteries Through Improved Pulse Charging Algorithm." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3 (January 29, 2020): 895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10030895.
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Pulse charging of lithium-ion polymer batteries (LiPo), when properly implemented, offers increased battery charge and energy efficiencies and improved safety for electronic device consumers. Investigations of the combined impact of pulse charge duty cycle and frequency of the pulse charge current on the performance of lithium-ion polymer (LiPo) batteries used the Taguchi orthogonal arrays (OA) to identify optimal and robust pulse charging parameters that maximize battery charge and energy efficiencies while decreasing charge time. These were confirmed by direct comparison with the commonly applied benchmark constant current-constant voltage (CC–CV) charging method. The operation of a pulse charger using identified optimal parameters resulted in charge time reduction by 49% and increased charge and energy efficiencies of 2% and 12% respectively. Furthermore, when pulse charge current factors, such as frequency and duty cycle were considered, it was found that the duty cycle of the pulse charge current had the most impact on the cycle life of the LiPo battery and that the cycle life could be increased by as much as 100 cycles. Finally, the charging temperature was found to have the most statistically significant impact on the temporarily evolving LiPo battery impedance, a measure of its degradation.
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Miao, Jing, Liwen Zhang, Peng Gao, Huawei Zhao, Xianji Xie, and Junyan Wang. "Chitosan-Based Glycolipid Conjugated siRNA Delivery System for Improving Radiosensitivity of Laryngocarcinoma." Polymers 13, no. 17 (August 30, 2021): 2929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13172929.
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Glucose Transporter-1 (GLUT-1) is considered to be a possible intrinsic marker of hypoxia in malignant tumors, which is an important factor in radioresistance of laryngocarcinoma. We speculated that the inhibition of GLUT-1 expression might improve the radiosensitivity of laryngocarcinoma. GLUT-1 siRNA was designed to inhibit the GLUT-1 expression, but the high molecular weight and difficult drug delivery limited the application. Herein, we constructed a glycolipid polymer chitosan oligosaccharide grafted stearic acid (CSSA) to conjugate siRNA via electrostatic interaction. The characteristics of CSSA and CSSA/siRNA were studied, as well as the radiosensitization effect of siRNA on human laryngocarcinoma epithelial (Hep-2) cells. Compared with the traditional commercial vector LipofectamineTM2000 (Lipo), CSSA exhibited lower cytotoxicity, more efficiently cellular uptake. Incubating with CSSA/siRNA, the survival rates of Hep-2 cells were significantly decreased comparing with either the group before transfection or Lipo/siRNA. CSSA is a promising carrier for efficient siRNA delivery and radiosensitization of laryngocarcinoma.
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Aiello, Orazio. "Electromagnetic Susceptibility of Battery Management Systems’ ICs for Electric Vehicles: Experimental Study." Electronics 9, no. 3 (March 19, 2020): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9030510.
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The paper deals with the susceptibility to electromagnetic interference (EMI) of battery management systems (BMSs) for Li-ion and lithium-polymer (LiPo) battery packs employed in emerging electric and hybrid electric vehicles. A specific test board was developed to experimentally assess the EMI susceptibility of a BMS front-end integrated circuit by direct power injection (DPI) and radiated susceptibility measurements in an anechoic chamber. Experimental results are discussed in reference to the different setup, highlighting the related EMI-induced failure mechanisms observed during the tests.
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Amanor-Boadu, J., A. Guiseppi-Elie, and E. Sánchez-Sinencio. "The Impact of Pulse Charging Parameters on the Life Cycle of Lithium-Ion Polymer Batteries." Energies 11, no. 8 (August 18, 2018): 2162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11082162.
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The pulse charging algorithm is seen as a promising battery charging technique to satisfy the needs of electronic device consumers to have fast charging and increased battery charge and energy efficiencies. However, to get the benefits of pulse charging, the pulse charge current parameters have to be chosen carefully to ensure optimal battery performance and also extend the life cycle of the battery. The impact of pulse charge current factors on the life cycle and battery characteristics are seldom investigated. This paper seeks to evaluate the impact of pulse charge current factors, such as frequency and duty cycle, on the life cycle and impedance parameters of lithium-ion polymer batteries (LiPo) while using a design of experiments approach, Taguchi orthogonal arrays. The results are compared with the benchmark constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging algorithm and it is observed that by using a pulse charger at optimal parameters, the cycle life of a LiPo battery can be increased by as much as 100 cycles. It is also determined that the duty cycle of the pulse charge current has the most impact on the cycle life of the battery. The battery impedance characteristics were also examined by using non-destructive techniques, such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and it was determined that the ambient temperature at which the battery was charged had the most effect on the battery impedance parameters.
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Brondani, Marcia De Fatima, Airam Teresa Zago Romcy Sausen, Paulo Sérgio Sausen, and Manuel Osório Binelo. "Battery Model Parameters Estimation Using Simulated Annealing." TEMA (São Carlos) 18, no. 1 (May 22, 2017): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.5540/tema.2017.018.01.0127.
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In this paper, a Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm is proposed for the Battery model parametrization, which is used for the mathematical modeling of the Lithium Ion Polymer (LiPo) batteries lifetime. Experimental data obtained by a testbed were used for model parametrization and validation. The proposed SA algorithm is compared to the traditional parametrization methodology that consists in the visual analysis of discharge curves, and from the results obtained, it is possible to see the model efficacy in batteries lifetime prediction, and the proposed SA algorithm efficiency in the parameters estimation.
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Alti, Rahmi Mudia, Fiqri Wijaya Kusuma, and R. Evi Sovia. "Desain Sistem Charger untuk Baterai berkapasitas 650 mAh Menggunakan Sel Surya." TELKA - Telekomunikasi Elektronika Komputasi dan Kontrol 6, no. 2 (November 24, 2020): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/telka.v6n2.138-146.
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Alat charger untuk baterai berkapasitas 650 mAh menggunakan sel surya merupakan uji coba alat yang digunakan untuk charger baterai berkapasitas 650 mAh menggunakan energi matahari. Baterai 650 mAh ini digunakan pada drone. Alat charger menggunakan sel surya ini digunakan sebagai alternatif pengisian energi pada baterai. Alat ini dirancang dengan menggunakan resistor, kapasitor, dioda, saklar, baterai 650 mAh, LED, sel surya, IC lm317, dan trimpot. Perangkat berupa sistem analog yang menggunakan voltage drop dan memanfaatkan step up step down serta LED sebagai indikasi pengisian. Hasil uji fungsi dilakukan dengan cara mengukur intensitas cahaya menggunakan alat lux meter, baik pada saat beroperasi maupun tidak untuk mengetahui nilai intensitas cahaya. Masing-masing panel menghasilkan keluaran tegangan rata-rata 6 Volt DC dengan arus 200mA. Untuk memenuhi kekurangan tegangan, keluaran panel surya dimasukan terlebih dahulu ke modul DC-DC Step Up. Dari modul Step Up tersebut dihasilkan tegangan keluaran sebesar 12 VDC yang kemudian dipakai oleh modul charger untuk melakukan pengisian baterai Lithium-ion Polymer (LIPO). Waktu yang efektif untuk proses pengisian baterai menggunakan sel surya adalah pada waktu siang hari sekitar pukul 11.00 sampai pukul 13.00. Dari hasil uji fungsi yang dilakukan, alat bekerja dengan baik yang ditandai dengan LED berwarna merah yang mengindikasikan sedang terjadinya proses charging. Dengan demikian, alat ini bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai pengisian energi alternatif pada drone yang menggunakan LIPO yang memiliki keterbatasan waktu terbang. The charger for a battery with a capacity of 650 mAh using solar cells is one of tools used for a battery charger with a capacity of 650 mAh using solar energy that commonly used in drones. This solar cell is as an alternative charging energy for the battery. This charger is designed using resistors, capacitors, diodes, switches, 650 mAh battery, LEDs, solar cells, IC LM317, and trimpot. An analog system based on a voltage drop and utilizes step up step down and LEDs was used as an indication of charging. The testing was carried out by measuring the light intensity using a lux meter, both during operation and not to determine the value of light intensity. Each panel produces an average voltage output of 6volt DC with a current of 200mA. To meet the shortage of voltage, the output of the solar panel is first entered into the DC-DC Step Up module. From the Step Up module, an output voltage of 12 VDC is generated which is then used by the charger module to charge the Lithium-ion Polymer (LIPO) battery. The effective time for the battery charging process using solar cells is during the daytime around 11.00 to 13.00. From the results of the function test carried out, the tool works well which is marked by a red LED which indicates the charging process is occurring. Thus, this tool can be used as alternative energy charging for drones that use LIPO which has limited flight time.
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de Fazio, Roberto, Donato Cafagna, Giorgio Marcuccio, and Paolo Visconti. "Limitations and Characterization of Energy Storage Devices for Harvesting Applications." Energies 13, no. 4 (February 11, 2020): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13040783.
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This paper aims to study the limitations and performances of the main energy storage devices commonly used in energy harvesting applications, namely super-capacitors (SC) and lithium polymer (LiPo) batteries. The self-discharge phenomenon is the main limitation to the employment of SCs to store energy for a long time, thus reducing efficiency and autonomy of the energy harvesting system. Therefore, the analysis of self-discharge trends was carried out for three different models of commercial SCs, describing the phenomenon in terms of self-discharge rate and internal resistance. In addition, physical interpretations concerning the self-discharge mechanism based on the experimental data are provided, thus explaining the two super-imposed phenomena featured by distinct time constants. Afterwards, the dependence of self-discharge phenomenon from the charging time duration (namely, SCs charged at 5 V and then kept under charge for one or five hours) was analyzed; by comparing the voltage drop during the self-discharge process, a self-discharge reduction for longer charging durations was obtained and the physical interpretation provided (at best −6.8% after 24 h and −13.4% after 120 h). Finally, self-discharge trends of two commercial 380 mAh LiPo batteries (model LW 752035) were acquired and analyzed; the obtained results show an open circuit voltage reduction of only 0.59% in the first 24 h and just 1.43% after 124 h.
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Karthikeyan, D., Sayon Koley, Mayukh Bagchi, Avijit Bhattacharya, and K. Vijayakumar. "Wireless charging scheme for medium power range application systems." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 1979. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i4.pp1979-1986.
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Wireless power transmission (WPT) has attracted a wide variety of subjects in various disciplines and has also become a highly active research field due to its capacity to facilitate charging systems. Wireless power transmission will be compulsory to use soon as this technology enables electrical energy to be transmitted from a power source to an electrical load over an air gap without connecting wires. Wireless power transmission has been developed in the low power (1W to 10W) and high power (100W-500W) region. While the low power region development focuses on powering medical transplants and mobile charging, the higher end of the power spectrum is being developed for the electric vehicle (EV) applications. However medium power range (10W to 100W) is relatively unexplored due to lack of proper applications. The commercial WPT scheme is mainly used for the charging of lithium-ion batteries. Sensitive medium power loads like Lithium Polymer (LiPo) batteries do not have a wireless modular charging system. This paper discusses a proposed scheme for wireless charging of medium-range loads. LiPo batteries are used as the targeted charging load. A minimalistic approach has been considered while designing the electronics for efficiency improvement and a compact, modular scheme. The proposed scheme has been developed for drone and robotics applications and the results are validated.
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Smith, Spencer E., Miah A. Halim, Stasiu T. Chyczewski, Adrian A. Rendon-Hernandez, and David P. Arnold. "A Wirelessly Rechargeable AA Battery Using Electrodynamic Wireless Power Transmission." Energies 14, no. 9 (April 22, 2021): 2368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092368.
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We report the design, fabrication, and characterization of a prototype that meets the form, fit, and function of a household 1.5 V AA battery, but which can be wirelessly recharged without removal from the host device. The prototype system comprises a low-frequency electrodynamic wireless power transmission (EWPT) receiver, a lithium polymer energy storage cell, and a power management circuit (PMC), all contained within a 3D-printed package. The EWPT receiver and overall system are experimentally characterized using a 238 Hz sinusoidal magnetic charging field and either a 1000 µF electrolytic capacitor or a lithium polymer (LiPo) cell as the storage cell. The system demonstrates a minimal operating field as low as 50 µTrms (similar in magnitude to Earth’s magnetic field). At this minimum charging field, the prototype transfers a maximum dc current of 50 µA to the capacitor, corresponding to a power delivery of 118 µW. The power effectiveness of the power management system is approximately 49%; with power effectiveness defined as the ratio between actual output power and the maximum possible power the EWPT receiver can transfer to a pure resistive load at a given field strength.
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Hu, Shang-Hsiu, Tsung-Ying Hsieh, Chin-Sheng Chiang, Po-Jung Chen, You-Yin Chen, Tsung-Lang Chiu, and San-Yuan Chen. "Surfactant-Free, Lipo-Polymersomes Stabilized by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles/Polymer Interlayer for Synergistically Targeted and Magnetically Guided Gene Delivery." Advanced Healthcare Materials 3, no. 2 (July 18, 2013): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201300122.
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Syafiq Sadun, Amirul, Jamaludin Jalani, Suziana Ahmad, Amiera Saryati Sadun, and Sumaiya Mashori. "Development of wireless vertical bar spinner combat robot." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 18, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i2.pp759-765.
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Recently, combat robot competition has become one of the most famous engineering competitions among schools and universities. The robots are usually built with a destructive weapon, which can immobilize or disable opponent’s robot and win the match. Despite the variety of robot design and concept, the trend has shown that most of the local contestant tend to design a horizontal axis weapon type. In this project, a wireless vertical axis bar spinner combat robot is designed and developed for the 3rd Malaysia Combat Robot Competition which was held at National Science Centre (PSN) in 2017. The robot is controlled using radio control (RC) and powered by a highly discharge 22.2V Lithium Polymer (LiPo) chemical battery. Furthermore, related analysis has been conducted to meet the design and performance requirement of the competition. With the DC brush motor and thick metal bar rotating in vertical axis, the robot has proven to produce high power, torque and speed during the competition.
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Krznar, Matija, Petar Piljek, Denis Kotarski, and Danijel Pavković. "Modeling, Control System Design and Preliminary Experimental Verification of a Hybrid Power Unit Suitable for Multirotor UAVs." Energies 14, no. 9 (May 6, 2021): 2669. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092669.
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A key drawback of multirotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with energy sources based solely on electrochemical batteries is related to the available on-board energy. Flight autonomy is typically limited to 15–30 min, with a flight duration upper limit of 90 min currently being achieved by high-performance battery-powered multirotor UAVs. Therefore, propulsion systems that utilize two or more different energy sources (hybrid power systems) may be considered as an alternative in order to increase the flight duration while retaining key performance benefits of battery energy storage use. The research presented in this work considers a multirotor UAV power unit, based on the internal combustion engine (ICE) powering an electricity generator (EG) connected to the common direct current (DC) bus in parallel with the lithium-polymer (LiPo) battery, and the respective modeling and identification of individual power unit subsystem, along with the dedicated control system design. Experimental verification of the proposed hybrid power unit control system has been carried out on the custom-build power unit prototype. The results show that the proposed control system combines the two power sources in a straightforward and effective way, with subsequent analysis showing that a two-fold energy density increase can be achieved with a hybrid energy source, consequently making it possible to achieve higher flight autonomy of the prospective multirotor (hover load around 1000–1400 W) equipped with such a hybrid system.
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Isorna Llerena, Fernando, Álvaro Fernández Barranco, José Antonio Bogeat, Francisca Segura, and José Manuel Andújar. "Converting a Fixed-Wing Internal Combustion Engine RPAS into an Electric Lithium-Ion Battery-Driven RPAS." Applied Sciences 10, no. 5 (February 25, 2020): 1573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10051573.
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It is well proved that remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPASs) are very useful systems for remote sensing in precision agricultural labors. INTA (National Institute for Aerospace Applications) and the University of Huelva are involved in Tecnolivo Project that proposes the development of a marketable and easy-to-use technological solution that allows integrated, ecological, and optimized management of the olive grove through non-invasive monitoring of key agronomic parameters using RPASs. The information collected by the RPAS in regards to the state of the vegetation, such as hydric stress levels, plague detection, or maturation of the fruit, are very interesting for farmers when it comes to make decisions about their crops. Current RPAS applications for precision agriculture are mainly developed for small- to medium-sized crops using rotary-wing RPASs with small range and endurance operation, leaving aside large-sized crops. This work shows the conversion of a fully declassified and obsolete fixed-wing internal combustion engine (ICE) remotely piloted aircraft (RPA), used as aerial target for military applications and in reconnaissance and surveillance missions at low cost, into an electric lithium polymer (LiPo) battery-driven RPA that will be used for precision agriculture in large-sized crop applications, as well as other applications for tracking and monitoring of endangered animal species in national parks. This RPA, being over twenty years old, has undergone a deep change. The applied methodology consisted of the design of a new propulsion system, based on an electric motor and batteries, maintaining the main airworthiness characteristics of the aircraft. Some other novelties achieved in this study were: (1) Change to a more efficient engine, less heavy and bulky, with a greater ratio of torque vs. size. Modernization of the fly control system and geolocation system. (2) Modification of the type and material of the propeller, reaching a higher performance. (3) Replacement of a polluting fuel, such as gasoline, with electricity from renewable sources. (4) Development of a new control software, etc. Preliminary results indicate that the endurance achieved with the new energy and propulsion systems and the payload weight available in the RPA meet the expectations of the use of this type of RPAS in the study of large areas of crops and surveillance.
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Rajendran, Parvathy, Nurul Musfirah Mazlan, and Howard Smith. "Single Cell Li-Ion Polymer Battery Charge and Discharge Characterizations for Application on Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." Key Engineering Materials 728 (January 2017): 428–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.728.428.
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Solar-powered UAV is an alternative way to achieve high endurance and long range UAV flight. However, solar irradiance is not always available during the flight. Thus, secondary power source which is electrical batteries will improve the performance of solar-powered UAV when solar irradiance is not available. Therefore, bench test for LiPo battery is conducted in this paper for the design of solar-powered UAV power system. The impact of operating temperature at various charging and discharging rate on the duration to full charge and discharge and capacity level of a single LiPo battery were assessed. The solar module installed in solar-powered UAV developed by Aircraft Design Group, Cranfield University has to be designed to charge the battery pack at a nominal or maximum rate of 0.129 C and 0.155 C correspondingly. The solar module requires roughly 5.73 hours on nominal charging rate on 30 °C operating temperature to fully charge capacity level instead of 5.54 hours theoretical predicted. The battery pack will then discharge at cruise flight roughly about 0.071 C to a maximum of 1.685 C if required. If the battery pack is not charged, during cruise flight the battery capacity will deplete completely at about 6.51 hours for the same operating temperature, in contrast to the 6.48 hours based on the theoretical prediction. In addition, the usage of LiPo batteries for operation at high altitudes and/or extreme temperatures without an additional heating or cooling system for these battery packs is not favorable. Thus, it is best to charge at low charging rate and high operating temperature to store and utilize the most capacity from this battery.
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Tsykhanovska, Iryna, Victoria Evlash, Alexandr Alexandrov, Tetiana Lazareva, and Oksana Bryzytska. "INVESTIGATION OF THE WATER-RETAINING CAPACITY OF THE PROTEIN-HYDROCARBON COMPLEX OF RYE-WHEAT DOUGH WITH ADDITION OF POLYFUNCTIONAL FOOD SUPPLEMENT “MAGNETOFООD”." EUREKA: Life Sciences 4 (July 31, 2018): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2018.00668.
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Under modern conditions, creation of new high effective technologies of bread is connected with a necessity of solving a problem of the products quality at the discrete work of enterprises: at processing raw materials (flour) with decreased properties in ecologically unfavorable regions, manufacturing products with prolonged storage terms, high consumption characteristics, diet destination, for treating-prophylactic nutrition. The development of innovative technologies of bakery products of rye-wheat flour is based on revelation of conceptual approaches, connected with creation of new functional technological properties of dough systems and ready products. That is why in bread technologies there are searched new raw material sources, food supplements-improvers, able to raise consumption characteristics, storage terms, food value; to enrich a ready product with functional ingredients and so on. The water-retaining capacity (WRC) – is one of main functional-technological parameters of food raw materials and ready products, because it favors the output, prime cost and quality characteristics of bakery products. For increasing WRC of rye-wheat dough, there is proposed the polyfunctional food supplement “Magnetofood”. For reasoning the mechanism of its interaction with polymer matrixes of lipo- and glucoproteids of rye-wheat flour and WRC mechanism of the food supplement “Magnetofood” in rye-wheat dough – there was investigated the influence of “Magnetofood” on processes of hydration, dissolution and water-retention of rye-wheat flour. It was established, that introduction of the food supplement “Magnetofood” in rye-wheat flour in amounts: 0,10; 0,15; 0,20 % of a flour mass increases its solubility and WRC: solubility – by 4,5 – 12,5 %; WRC – in 1,1 – 1,3 times, respectively. The rational dose of the food supplement “Magnetofood” is experimentally determined -– 0,15 % of a flour mass. There was investigated the influence of the food supplement “Magnetofood” on a quantity of bound water by experimental samples of rye-wheat flour at temperatures from 30 to 70 оС. It was established, that the temperature growth in experiments results in increasing the quantity of bound water for all experimental samples. Addition of “Magnetofood” in amounts: 0,10; 0,15; 0,20 % of a flour mass favors the increase of bound water in 1,2 – 1,5 times, comparing with the control (without “Magnetofood”). The received experimental data may be used at developing the technology of rye-wheat bread, enriched with the polyfunctional food supplement “Magnetofood”; and also at developing innovative technologies of food system systems (especially, meat, confectionary, milk ones). The results of the study may be used for developing recipes and technologies of food products for increasing their output, water-retaining and stabilizing capacities.
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Yu, Chunsong, Myunggi An, Meng Li, Charles Manke, and Haipeng Liu. "Structure-Dependent Stability of Lipid-Based Polymer Amphiphiles Inserted on Erythrocytes." Membranes 11, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11080572.
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Cell-based therapies have the potential to transform the treatment of many diseases. One of the key challenges relating to cell therapies is to modify the cell surface with molecules to modulate cell functions such as targeting, adhesion, migration, and cell–cell interactions, or to deliver drug cargos. Noncovalent insertion of lipid-based amphiphilic molecules on the cell surface is a rapid and nontoxic approach for modifying cells with a variety of bioactive molecules without affecting the cellular functions and viability. A wide variety of lipid amphiphiles, including proteins/peptides, carbohydrates, oligonucleotides, drugs, and synthetic polymers have been designed to spontaneously anchor on the plasma membranes. These molecules typically contain a functional component, a spacer, and a long chain diacyl lipid. Though these molecular constructs appeared to be stably tethered on cell surfaces both in vitro and in vivo under static situations, their stability under mechanical stress (e.g., in the blood flow) remains unclear. Using diacyl lipid-polyethylene glycol (lipo-PEG) conjugates as model amphiphiles, here we report the effect of molecular structures on the amphiphile stability on cell surface under mechanical stress. We analyzed the retention kinetics of lipo-PEGs on erythrocytes in vitro and in vivo and found that under mechanical stress, both the molecular structures of lipid and the PEG spacer have a profound effect on the membrane retention of membrane-anchored amphiphiles. Our findings highlight the importance of molecular design on the dynamic stability of membrane-anchored amphiphiles.
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Galos, Joel, Claes Fredriksson, and Raj Das. "Multifunctional sandwich panel design with lithium-ion polymer batteries." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials, July 30, 2020, 109963622094655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636220946554.
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This paper investigates the mechanical properties of lithium-ion polymer (LiPo) batteries and their subsequent use in the design of multifunctional sandwich panels for automotive applications. Shear properties, flexural properties and compression properties of prismatic pouch LiPo batteries are determined experimentally through a hole-punch test, a three-point bending test and an in-plane compression test, respectively. This study is the first to characterize the shear properties of a lithium-ion battery, which are critical in sandwich panel design. The mechanical properties of the batteries obtained are then applied to existing analytical models of multifunctional sandwich panels consisting of carbon fibre composite facesheets and LiPo battery cores, which are currently being considered for use in automotive panel design. A material selection procedure for a stiffness-limited automotive car door panel subjected to bending shows that a trade-off between mechanical performance and cost can be achieved by using a composite sandwich panel with thin LiPo battery cores or by embedding larger LiPo batteries in lower-density polymer foam cores. The practicality and implementation aspects of using sandwich composites with LiPo battery cores in automotive design are also discussed.