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1
Kässner, Franziska, Tina Sauer, Melanie Penke, Sandy Richter, Kathrin Landgraf, Antje Körner, Wieland Kiess, Norman Händel, and Antje Garten. "Simvastatin induces apoptosis in PTEN‑haploinsufficient lipoma cells." Spandidos Publications, 2018. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A38594.
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Adipose tissue tumors (lipomas) frequently develop in patients with heterozygous germ line phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) mutations. simvastatin has been demonstrated to exhibit antitumor effects, and so the aim of the present study was to assess the effects of simvastatin on the growth of human PTEN haploinsufficient lipoma cells. Whether the effects of simvastatin in lipomas are mediated via PTEN upregulation was also assessed. The results of the present study revealed that simvastatin treatment reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in human lipoma cells. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the expression of cellular PTEN mRNA and protein was increased following simvastatin stimulation. In addition, the phosphorylation of protein kinase B and downstream targets of mammalian target of rapamycin and 4E‑binding protein (4E‑BP)‑1 was attenuated. It was also demonstrated that simvastatin induced PTEN transcriptional upregulation by increasing peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor (PPAR)γ expression. The small interfering RNA‑mediated knockdown of PPARγ abrogated the stimulatory effect of simvastatin on the PTEN protein, but did not influence apoptosis. The results of the present study suggest that simvastatin may be beneficial for patients with inoperable PTEN haploinsufficient lipomas.
2
Friede, Prisca Amayi Patricia [Verfasser], and Sven [Akademischer Betreuer] Reese. "Kardiovaskuläre Phänotypisierung von Lipoma preferred partner-Knockoutmäusen / Prisca Amayi Patricia Friede ; Betreuer: Sven Reese." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1222436825/34.
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Mehemed, Taha Mohamed M. "Fat-Water Interface on Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging and Gradient-Echo Imaging: Comparison of Phantoms to Intracranial Lipomas." Kyoto University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/193572.
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Leipert, Jenny, Franziska Kässner, Susanne Schuster, Norman Händel, Antje Körner, Wieland Kiess, and Antje Garten. "Resveratrol Potentiates Growth Inhibitory Effects of Rapamycin in PTEN-deficient Lipoma Cells by Suppressing p70S6 Kinase Activity." Taylor & Francis, 2016. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A38595.
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Patients with phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) hamartoma tumor syndrome and germline mutations in PTEN frequently develop lipomatosis, for which there is no standard treatment. Rapamycin was shown to reduce the growth of lipoma cells with heterozygous PTEN deficiency in vitro, but concomitantly induced an upregulation of AKT phosphorylation. Since it was shown that resveratrol stabilizes PTEN, we asked whether co-incubation with resveratrol could suppress the rapamycin-induced AKT phosphorylation in PTEN-deficient lipoma cells.
Resveratrol incubation resulted in decreased lipoma cell viability by inducing G1-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. PTEN expression and AKT phosphorylation were not significantly changed, whereas p70S6 kinase (p70S6K) phosphorylation was reduced in PTEN-deficient lipoma cells after resveratrol incubation. Rapamycin/resveratrol co-incubation significantly decreased viability further at lower doses of resveratrol and resulted in decreased p70S6K phosphorylation compared to rapamycin incubation alone, suggesting that resveratrol potentiated the growth inhibitory effects of rapamycin by reducing p70S6K activation. Both viability and p70S6K phosphorylation of primary PTEN wild-type preadipocytes were less affected compared to PTEN-deficient lipoma cells by equimolar concentrations of resveratrol. These results support the concept of combining chemopreventive natural compounds with mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors to increase the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs for patients suffering from overgrowth syndromes.
5
Saada-Bouzid, Esma. "Étude génomique et fonctionnelle de la dérégulation du gène HMGA2 dans les tumeurs adipocytaires." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4000/document.
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Les tumeurs adipocytaires (TA) bénignes sont majoritairement constituées par les lipomes, alors que les TA malignes sont principalement des Tumeurs Lipomateuses Atypiques (TLA)/ liposarcome (LPS) bien différenciés (LBD) et les LPS dédifférenciés (LDD). Le gène HMGA2 (High Mobility Group A2) est remanié dans certains lipomes et amplifié dans les TLA/LBD et LDD. Ainsi, nous avons émis l’hypothèse que HMGA2 jouait un rôle fondamental dans la genèse des TA bénignes et malignes. En faveur de cette hypothèse, nous avons observé une surexpression constante de HMGA2 dans les TLA/LBD et LDD avec amplification de HMGA2 et les lipomes avec remaniement de HMGA2. Dans un cas de lipomatose, hypertrophie pathologique du tissu adipeux sans anomalie du gène HMGA2, une surexpression de HMGA2 était associée à une inhibition de l’expression de plusieurs microARN let-7. En revanche, nos travaux ne sont pas en faveur d’un rôle prépondérant des microARN let7 dans la surexpression de HMGA2 dans les TA. Nous nous sommes également intéressés aux gènes partenaires de fusion avec HMGA2 dans les lipomes et avons notamment identifié une nouvelle fusion impliquant PPAP2B (Phosphatidic Acid Phosphatase type 2B) localisé en 1p32. Nous avons aussi confirmé le rôle du gène NFIB (9p22) dans les lipomes. Enfin, nous avons établi des corrélations pronostiques dans une grande série de 116 TLA/LBD et LDD : l’amplification de HMGA2 était associée à l’histotype TLA/LBD et à une survie longue alors que les amplifications de CDK4 et JUN sont associées au type LDD et une survie courte. Ainsi, nos données confortent l’hypothèse d’un rôle précoce et majeur de HMGA2 dans la genèse des TA bien différenciéesBenign adipocytic tumors (AT) are mainly represented by lipomas whereas most malignant AT are Atypical Lipomatous Tumors/Well-differentiated liposarcomas (ALT/WDLPS) and dedifferentiated liposarcomas (DDLPS). HMGA2 gene (High Mobility Group A2) is rearranged in some lipomas and amplified in ALT/WDLPS and DDLPS. Thus, we hypothesized that HMGA2 played a fundamental role in benign and malignant AT genesis. In favor of this hypothesis, we observed a constant overexpression of HMGA2 in amplified ALT/WDLPS and DDLPS, and in rearranged lipomas. In a case of lipomatosis, that is a pathological proliferation of the adipocytic tissu without rearrrangement of HMGA2, the overexpression of HMGA2 was asssociated with an inhibition of the expression of several let-7 microRNAs. However, we did not find a leading role of let-7 microRNAs in the deregulation of HMGA2 expression in AT. We also studied partner fusion genes of HMGA2 in lipomas and have specifically identified a new fusion involving PPAP2B (Phosphatidic Acid Phosphatase type 2B) which is located in 1p32. We also confirmed the role of NFIB gene (9p22) in lipomas. Finally, we have established prognostic correlations in a series of 116 ALT/WDLPS and DDLPS: HMGA2 amplification was associated with ALT/WDLPS histotype and a longer survival whereas respective CDK4 and JUN amplification were associated with DDLPS and shorter survival. Thus, our data support the hypothesis of an early and major role of HMGA2 in the genesis well differentiated AT
6
Saada-Bouzid, Esma. "Étude génomique et fonctionnelle de la dérégulation du gène HMGA2 dans les tumeurs adipocytaires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4000.
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Les tumeurs adipocytaires (TA) bénignes sont majoritairement constituées par les lipomes, alors que les TA malignes sont principalement des Tumeurs Lipomateuses Atypiques (TLA)/ liposarcome (LPS) bien différenciés (LBD) et les LPS dédifférenciés (LDD). Le gène HMGA2 (High Mobility Group A2) est remanié dans certains lipomes et amplifié dans les TLA/LBD et LDD. Ainsi, nous avons émis l’hypothèse que HMGA2 jouait un rôle fondamental dans la genèse des TA bénignes et malignes. En faveur de cette hypothèse, nous avons observé une surexpression constante de HMGA2 dans les TLA/LBD et LDD avec amplification de HMGA2 et les lipomes avec remaniement de HMGA2. Dans un cas de lipomatose, hypertrophie pathologique du tissu adipeux sans anomalie du gène HMGA2, une surexpression de HMGA2 était associée à une inhibition de l’expression de plusieurs microARN let-7. En revanche, nos travaux ne sont pas en faveur d’un rôle prépondérant des microARN let7 dans la surexpression de HMGA2 dans les TA. Nous nous sommes également intéressés aux gènes partenaires de fusion avec HMGA2 dans les lipomes et avons notamment identifié une nouvelle fusion impliquant PPAP2B (Phosphatidic Acid Phosphatase type 2B) localisé en 1p32. Nous avons aussi confirmé le rôle du gène NFIB (9p22) dans les lipomes. Enfin, nous avons établi des corrélations pronostiques dans une grande série de 116 TLA/LBD et LDD : l’amplification de HMGA2 était associée à l’histotype TLA/LBD et à une survie longue alors que les amplifications de CDK4 et JUN sont associées au type LDD et une survie courte. Ainsi, nos données confortent l’hypothèse d’un rôle précoce et majeur de HMGA2 dans la genèse des TA bien différenciéesBenign adipocytic tumors (AT) are mainly represented by lipomas whereas most malignant AT are Atypical Lipomatous Tumors/Well-differentiated liposarcomas (ALT/WDLPS) and dedifferentiated liposarcomas (DDLPS). HMGA2 gene (High Mobility Group A2) is rearranged in some lipomas and amplified in ALT/WDLPS and DDLPS. Thus, we hypothesized that HMGA2 played a fundamental role in benign and malignant AT genesis. In favor of this hypothesis, we observed a constant overexpression of HMGA2 in amplified ALT/WDLPS and DDLPS, and in rearranged lipomas. In a case of lipomatosis, that is a pathological proliferation of the adipocytic tissu without rearrrangement of HMGA2, the overexpression of HMGA2 was asssociated with an inhibition of the expression of several let-7 microRNAs. However, we did not find a leading role of let-7 microRNAs in the deregulation of HMGA2 expression in AT. We also studied partner fusion genes of HMGA2 in lipomas and have specifically identified a new fusion involving PPAP2B (Phosphatidic Acid Phosphatase type 2B) which is located in 1p32. We also confirmed the role of NFIB gene (9p22) in lipomas. Finally, we have established prognostic correlations in a series of 116 ALT/WDLPS and DDLPS: HMGA2 amplification was associated with ALT/WDLPS histotype and a longer survival whereas respective CDK4 and JUN amplification were associated with DDLPS and shorter survival. Thus, our data support the hypothesis of an early and major role of HMGA2 in the genesis well differentiated AT
7
Fersing, Jacques-André. "Le lipome sous-aponévrotique frontal." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR1M170.
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Dumas, Hélène. "Le lipome gastrique : a propos d'un cas." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF13042.
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Cross, Caroline. "Le lipome bronchique : a propos d'un cas." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1M256.
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PALLIEZ, OLIVIER. "Le lipome endobronchique : a propos d'une observation." Lille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL2M027.
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HATEMIAN, NATHALIE. "Lipomes du nasopharynx." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX20176.
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Pardes, Jean-Christophe. "Lipome géant intermusculaire : à propos d'un cas." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25317.
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ARNOUX, GRANDMOUGIN ALETH. "Lipomes profonds des membres et du tronc chez l'enfant." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX20100.
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Fabianek, Agnès. "Tumeurs graisseuses intra-thoraciques gigantesques ayant evolue jusqu'a la detresse respiratoire : a propos d'une observation." Lille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL2M138.
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TAHIR, EL YOUSSOUFI AHMED. "Resection d'un lipome pleural sous thoracoscopie : revue de la litterature." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CLF13072.
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MASSART, MANIL SANDRINE. "Les lipomes rachidiens : a propos d'un cas avec localisation au cone medullaire." Reims, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REIMM061.
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17
Sibanda, Nhlanhla. "Studying the lipoyl synthase mediated conversion of octanoyl substrates to lipoyl products." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/360902/.
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Lipoic acid is a cofactor used during oxidative metabolism reactions by several enzymes, including branched chain keto acid dehydrogenases, the glycine cleavage system, pyruvate dehydrogenase and a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. The lipoic acid is attached to the e-amino group of a specific lysine residue via an amide bond and acts as a carrier of acyl groups between active sites of these large multienzyme complexes. The biosynthesis of lipoyl product requires as a cofactor the protein lipoyl synthase (LipA), which has two [4Fe-4S]1+/2+ clusters, and uses S-adenosylmethionine as a substrate. LipA is the product of the lipA gene and has 36 % sequence homology to biotin synthase in E.coli, another protein involved in a sulfur insertion reaction. The mechanism of sulfur insertion during lipoic acid biosynthesis is thought to be related to that for the BioB catalysed synthesis of biotin. LipA and BioB belong to a group of enzymes known to as the “radical SAM” superfamily. All members of this group reductively cleave AdoMet to give methionine and the highly reactive 5′-deoxyadenosyl radical (5′- Ado•) which abstracts hydrogen atoms from appropriate substrates forming the side product 5’-deoxyadenosine and a substrate radical. The work in this thesis describes experiments that were carried out to study the mechanism of the LipA mediated reaction. LipA was expressed and purified in E.coli and two types of octanoylated substrates were synthesized; fluorescent and non-fluorescent substrates. These substrates were used in assays to probe the mechanism of the LipA mediated reaction. The binding constant of the co-substrate SAM to LipA was determined using fluorescence polarization assays. Experiments were also carried out to try and crystallize the LipA in the presence of octanoyl substrates and the co-substrate SAM.
18
Kühnová, Edita. "Farma v Horní Lipové." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240235.
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This diploma thesis deals with the processing of project documentation in the documentation phase for construction of building object SO 01 – Detached house with facilities. The thesis is not worked out in full extent, as prescribed in Decree No. 62/2013 Coll. Amending Decree No. 499/2006 Coll., On Construction Documentation. It includes only part A (Data Accompanying Report), B (Summary Technical Report), C (Situational Drawings), D.1.1 (Architectural and Building Solutions) and D.1.3 (Fire Safety Solutions) of Appendix 6 of this Decree. In addition, a thermal-technical assessment of the building was elaborated. There are two specializations in small range as additional part of the documentation as well. The proposed two-storey house with small cellar is situated on flat land in the village of Lipová-lázně and layout of the object is divided into two parts, part of house with function of housing and part with facilities for cooking and catering for more persons.
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SERGENT, KAJDI AGNES. "Thrombose de la veine axillaire par lipome : a propos d'une observation ; revue de la litterature." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1M007.
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Bryant, Penny. "Investigations into lipoic acid biosynthesis." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484967.
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The protein lipoyl synthase (LipA) is essential for lipoic acid biosynthesis via sulfur insertions at the C6 and C8 positions of a protein-bound oetanoyl group. LipA from Escherichia coli binds two .[4Fe-4S]1+12+ and is a member of the radical SAL\1 superfamily of proteins. To facilitate mechanistic investigations into LipA dependent lipoyl synthesis, a novel in vitro assay has been developed which makes use of synthetic peptide substrates. These peptides contain an N(~)-octanoyl lysine residue, corresponding in sequence to the lipoyl binding domain of the E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase. The activity LipA from Sulfolobus solfataricus was measured using these substrate analogues. The optimal temperature for the S. solfataricus LipA dependent formation of the lipoyl group was found to be 60°C. Time dependent activity of LipA has been investigated over a wide range of temperatures (23-60 DC) and rate constants approximated for the observed rates of loss of octanoyl starting material and lipoyl formation at each temperature. This has allowed calculation of rate constants for the overall rate. kinetic analysis over a range of temperatures has allowed the activation energy for overall lipoyl formation (47.2 ± 5.4 kJ/mol) and for sulfur insertion at C6 (38.3 ± 4.9 kJ/mol) and C8 (46.9 ± 5.7 kJ/mal) to be determined In all experiments using ofS. solfataricus LipA, reconstitution ,vith exogenous iron and sulfide was found to be essential for activity and spectroscopic studies have been carried out which show that S. solfataricus LipA can bind two [4Fe-4S] 1+/2+ and therefore closely resembles E. coli LipA. The mechanistic roles of these clusters have been investigated_and EPR spectroscopy suggested that SALVI bound to at least one of
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Hiscox, Martyn. "Investigations into lipoic acid biosynthesis." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/367261/.
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Lipoic acid is a ubiquitous biomolecule required for the metabolism of a-keto acids and glycine. The final step of lipoic acid biosynthesis is catalysed by lipoyl synthase (LipA), a member of the radical SAM enzyme superfamily. LipA catalyses the double sulfur insertion at the C6 and C8 positions of a protein bound octanoyl chain to form the lipoyl cofactor. The LipA mechanism has been probed with peptide substrate mimics. The previous synthetic routes to these mimics were time and resource costly. New methods have been developed for the rapid synthesis of modified Fmoc-lysine derivatives to prepare a range of substrate and product like peptides. Kinetic analysis of a LipA time course has demonstrated that the previously described 6-thio-octanoyl species, is a kinetically competent intermediate and therefore the formation of the lipoyl group proceeds via two sequential sulfur insertion steps. A bioinformatics and crystallisation study of LipA resulted in two structures of LipA-2 from Thermosynechocccus elongatus. These structures have shown a m-sulfide of the [4Fe-4S]Aux cluster positioned to donate a sulfur atom and reveal an novel and completely conserved serine ligand for the [4Fe-4S]Aux cluster. Mutagenesis of the serine to either an alanine or a cysteine resulted in a loss of activity in both enzymes. However the cysteine mutant was able to catalyse a single sulfur insertion at a very low level. EPR studies have suggested that the [4Fe-4S]Aux cluster is EPR active when reduced with sodium dithionite, pointing towards a co-operative role in cluster reduction. Additional spectra suggest that during the turnover of LipA the [4Fe-4S]Aux cluster of LipA is reduced from a 1+ state to a 0 state, analogous to biotin synthase whose [2Fe-2S] cluster is reduced upon sulfur insertion. The work presented in this thesis suggests that the [4Fe-4S]Aux cluster, ligated by a unique serine is the source of the sulfur atom inserted at the C6 position of the octanoyl chain.
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Kopecká, Denisa. "Rekonstrukce železniční stanice Lipová Lázně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372255.
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The master's thesis deals with reconstruction design of Lipová Lazně railway station. The main goal is to design new platforms suitable for passengers with reduced mobility and orientation and valid standart. Another goal is to increase line speed. Part of the thesis includes modifications of railway superstructure, substructure and drainage system of the station.
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Tavares, Letícia Stephan. "Desenvolvimento de peptídeos antimicrobianos a partir do transcriptoma foliar de Lippia alba e Lippia rotundifolia." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2015. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1357.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O uso incorreto de antibióticos vem se tornando, nos últimos anos, um grande problema de acordo Organização Mundial da Saúde, uma vez que tem aumentado o número de microrganismos resistentes aos medicamentos mais frequentemente utilizados. Em contrapartida a este problema de saúde pública, novos antibióticos com diferentes vias de ação têm sido pesquisados. Muitos destes antimicrobianos têm sido descobertos a partir da primeira linha de defesa de vegetais e de animais. Estas moléculas são denominadas Peptídeos Antimicrobianos (AMPs). No intuito de encontrar novos compostos com atividade antimicrobiana foram desenvolvidos 3 peptídeos com ação bactericida a partir do transcriptoma de Lippia rotundifolia e L. alba. O RNA normalizado foi sequenciado utilizando-se a plataforma 454 GS e a partir do mesmo foram gerados e modelados in silico peptídeos com estrutura e ação semelhantes a AMPs. Em seguida os peptídeos foram sintetizados e sua atividade validada por testes antimicrobianos. Os peptídeos Lalb1 e Lrot3 apresentaram resultados promissores e foram remodelados a partir de um desenho racional visando obter a melhor estrutura e atividade dos mesmos. Os peptídeos L.rot3.5 e L.rot3.6 apresentaram os resultados mais promissores contra os patógenos testados. Os resultados aqui demonstrados sugerem que o uso de transcriptomas é uma importante ferramenta para a descoberta de novos AMPs com ação contra bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas.
Misuse of antibiotics has become, in recent years, worldwide problem according to the World Health Organization, since the number of resistant microorganisms for most commonly used drugs has increased. In contrast to this public health problem, new antibiotics with different courses of action have been researched. Many of these antibiotics have been discovered from the first line of plant and animal defense. This is a group of molecules called Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs). In the present work three antimicrobial peptides showing bactericidal activity were developed from the transcriptome of Lippia rotundifolia and L. alba. The normalized RNA was sequenced in 454 GS platform and the RNA library was used for in silico searching and modeling peptides showing similar structure and action to AMP. The peptides were synthesized and their activity was validated by antimicrobial tests. The L.alb1 and L.rot3 peptides showed promising results and were modelled again by the use of rational design methodology to inbreed structure and activity. The L.rot3.5 and L.rot3.6 peptides showed the most promising results against the tested pathogens. The results reported here demonstrated that the discovery of new AMPs from transcriptome against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria is an important tool for this purpose.
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Penha, Tatiane Aranha da. "Alterações morfológicas dos ovários de Rhipicephalus microplus submetidos ao tratamento com Lippia sidoides e Lippia gracilis." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2016. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1392.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA)
The tick Rhipicephalus microplus, found in tropical and subtropical regions, has caused great harm to the Brazilian livestock. The damage caused by this tick the Brazilian livestock exceeds three billion dollars. Verbenaceae Lippia genus, especially the species L. sidoides and L. gracilis, have been reported with potential activity in larvae and R. microplus females. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the acaricide activity of L. sidoides and L. gracilis essential oils and its major compounds thymol and carvacrol and characterize morphological changes in ovaries of R. microplus females from lethal concentrations 50 (LC50) and 75% (LC75) of the study population. After selection of the genotypes (LGRA-106, LGRA-201, LSDI-102 and LSDI-103), groups of 10 engorged females were subjected to the immersion test in essential oils at different concentrations and DMSO 3% was used for the control. After seven days, the ticks were dissected in phosphate buffer solution and the ovaries were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde for a period of 24 hours. The tissues were dehydrated and embedded in plastic molds Leica resin for histological analysis. The results visualization and characterization of the ovary and the different stages of development of oocytes. In the control group, treated with 3% DMSO, changes in the tissues have not been verified. In groups treated with the L. gracillis oils and L. sidoides oils, vacuolization was observed in oocytes II, III, IV and V, cell membrane disintegration in oocytes II, III, IV and V, with complete morphological deformation of oocytes IV and V. The major compounds, thymol and carvacrol seem to be actively working on these changes. The results showed activity of the different genotypes of the essential oils and their major compounds in larvae and females of R. microplus and allowed to elucidate the mechanism of action of the same in the oogenesis of the females, leading to believe that the compounds tested are promising for the development of acaricide products.
O carrapato Rhipicephalus microplus, encontrado em regiões tropicais e subtropicais, ocasionam mais de três bilhões de dólares à pecuária brasileira. Óleos essenciais de Verbenáceas do gênero Lippia, especialmente Lippia sidoides e Lippia gracilis, têm sido descritos com potencial atividade carrapaticida e interferindo na reprodução de diferentes espécies de carrapatos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a atividade carrapaticida dos óleos essenciais de L. sidoides e L. gracilis e seus compostos majoritários timol e carvacrol, selecionando os genótipos que apresentam maiores atividades contra o carrapato bovino e caracterizar as alterações morfológicas dos ovários de fêmeas de R. microplus a partir das concentrações letais para 50 (CL50) e 75% (CL 75) da população estudada. Após a seleção dos genótipos (LGRA-106, LGRA-201, LSDI-102 e LSDI-103, grupos de 10 fêmeas ingurgitadas foram submetidas ao teste de imersão em óleos essenciais em diferentes concentrações e para o controle foi utilizado DMSO 3%. Após sete dias, as fêmeas foram dissecadas em solução tampão fosfato e os ovários foram fixados em glutaraldeído 2,5% por um período de 24 horas. Os tecidos foram desidratados e incluídos em moldes plásticos de resina Leica para análise histológica. Os resultados permitiram a visualização e caracterização do ovário e dos diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento dos ovócitos. No grupo controle (DMSO 3%), não foram verificadas alterações nos tecidos. Nos grupos tratados com os óleos de L. gracillis e L. sidoides foram observadas vacuolizações de ovócitos II, III, IV e V, desintegração de membrana plasmática em ovócitos II, III, IV e V, com completa deformidade morfológica de ovócitos IV e V. Os compostos majoritários, timol e carvacrol parecem estar atuando ativamente nessas alterações. Os resultados obtidos mostraram atividade dos diferentes genótipos dos óleos essenciais e seus compostos majoritários em larvas e fêmeas de R. microplus e permitiu elucidar o mecanismo de ação dos mesmos na oogêse das fêmeas, levando a crer que os compostos testados são promissores para o desenvolvimento de produtos carrapaticidas.
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Bissett, Ryan Eugene. "Lipoic acid metabolism in Leishmania major." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1264/.
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Protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania are the causative agents of a complex of diseases referred to as leishmaniasis. Leishmania have a digenetic life cycle that involves a sand fly vector (promastigote stage) and a mammalian host (amastigote stage). The parasites reside within very different environmental niches in the two different hosts, and therefore must be able to adapt their energy metabolism to the available carbon and nitrogen sources. Lipoic acid (LA) is a multifaceted molecule, and plays an important role as a water- and fat-soluble antioxidant. LA is also an essential cofactor of the alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes (alpha-KADHs) and of the glycine cleavage complex (GCC). The alpha-KADHs include the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (alpha-KGDH), each of which is integral to cellular energy metabolism. In some organisms, LA can be acquired through salvage and biosynthesis pathways, and yet others only encode enzymes that permit one of the two pathways. Lipoylation of the PDH has been demonstrated in a parasite related to Leishmania called Trypanosoma brucei; however there have not been any investigations into the enzymes involved in LA metabolism in either Leishmania or Trypanosoma brucei. In silico analyses identified genes encoding for proteins involved in both LA biosynthesis and salvage (lipoic acid synthase (LIPA), octanoyl-[acyl carrier protein]: protein N-octanoyltransferase (LIPB) and lipoate protein ligase (LPLA), respectively), and it was predicted that all three proteins possess mitochondrial targeting peptides. Targeting of these proteins to the mitochondrion was verified by a green fluorescence protein (GFP) reporter system, and by subcellular pre-fractionation using digitonin followed by western blotting. Functionality of L. major putative LIPA, LIPB and LPLA genes was determined by showing that the genes complemented the no-growth phenotype of bacteria deficient in either lipA or lipB genes on minimal medium. Bioinformatics analyses also showed that L. major possesses genes encoding all of the subunits comprising the different alpha-KADHs and the GCC, and the subunits were predicted to possess mitochondrial targeting peptides. Western blotting of promastigote protein with an antibody recognising protein-bound LA (alpha-LA antibody) identified four proteins, which based upon predicted molecular sizes, correspond to the lipoylated transacylase subunits of the three alpha-KADHs and the H-protein of the GCC. Interestingly, the lipoylation pattern changes throughout promastigote growth in vitro, with alpha-KGDH being lipoylated throughout promastigote life while PDH and BCKDH are not lipoylated and presumably not active in metacyclic promastigotes. These findings indicate that modification of alpha-KADHs and the GCC by lipoylation is a dynamic process, possibly reflecting adaptations in the parasite’s energy metabolism during their developmental cycle. Three approaches were taken to study the relative importance of the LA biosynthesis and salvage pathways in L. major promastigotes. First, LA analogues 8’ bromooctanoic acid (8-BOA) and octanoic acid (OA) were tested for their effects on growth in L. major maintained in lipid-depleted medium. The IC50 for 8-BOA was relatively high when compared to that determined in other organisms, suggesting that LA biosynthesis can compensate for a decrease in LA salvage in medium deficient in LA. Second, attempts to replace either LIPA or LPLA genes with selectable markers were unsuccessful. LPLA could however, be knocked-out when an extra copy of the gene was introduced into the parasite’s genome. These data suggest that both LA acquisition pathways might be essential for promastigote growth and development. Third, overexpression of C-terminal His-tagged versions of LIPB (LIPB-His), LPLA (LPLA-His) and a LPLA active site mutant, LPLAH118A (LPLAH118A-His), resulted in slow-growth phenotypes. Overexpression of LIPB-His and LPLAH118A-His resulted in lipoylation of the PDH and BCKDH in metacyclic promastigotes, which is not observed in wild-type metacyclic promastigotes. It is hypothesised that LA biosynthesis and salvage enzymes could have differential substrate-specificities in L. major. A number of avenues require further investigation, including the mechanism that permits a relatively rapid turnover of lipoylated protein, and whether lipoylation patterns differ depending upon the carbon sources that are provided in the growth medium. Also, it will be interesting to determine whether LIPB and LPLA have intrinsic substrate-specificities, and whether this is sufficient to explain the fact that both LIPA and LPLA are essential in the promastigote stage in vitro.
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Warych, Karen. "Intra-individual variation in postprandial lipemia." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1020153.
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Prediction for future coronary artery disease (CAD) from high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride (TG) measurements are based off of a single measurement that has been shown to be variable. To better determine risk for CAD based on blood lipids, studies in the postprandial state are warranted. To assess the reproducibility of TG clearance, 10 men underwent three trials of a 70g oral fat loading test with blood samples collected every two hours for eight hours. These trials were all scheduled at least one week apart. Men who had fasting TG concentrations > 250 mg - dL -' were excluded from the study. Each subject presented to the laboratory having abstained from exercise for 24 hours and alcohol 72 hours prior to the upcoming trial. Each subject was also provided with a standardized frozen dinner to eat the night before at a time which allowed the subject to be 12 hours fasted for the next days' trial. To specifically assess postprandial lipemia, TG concentrations were plotted against bi-hourly collection times to form a curve. The area under this curve was then calculated to determine PPL area. Itwas found that there was no significant difference in area under the TG curve (p = 0.25) for any of the three trials (1096 ± 168, 948 ± 105, and 995 ± 127 mg - dL -' - 8 • hr-' respectively for trials one, two, and three). Pearson correlations between trials were 0.79 for trials one and two, 0.82 for trials two and three, and 0.90 for trials one and three. Also, there was no significant difference in peak TG (p = 0.34) on each of the three trial days (167 ± 27, 150 ± 16, and 151 ± 19 mg • dL -1 in peak TG for trials one, two, and three respectively). Time taken to reach peak TG concentrations (p = 0.20) or time to return to baseline TG (p = 0.27) were not significantly different across three trial days. The men in this study reached peak TG concentrations in this study in 3.2 ± 0.5, 4.0 ± 0.4, 4.0 ± 0.3 hours respectively for trials one, two, and three. Time to return to baseline was 6.8 ± 0.6, 7.4 ± 0.4, 7.8 ± 0.4 hours for trials one through three respectively. Correlations between trials and the lack of a difference between trials using repeated measures ANOVA in regards to PPL area gives some preliminary evidence that some postprandial measures such as PPL area and can be reproduced across trials. However, the intra-individual variation was 19 ± 4% which provides no additional support for reproducibility of PPL. Additionally, results from this study, as well as all others pertaining to the study of reproducibility of PPL are specific to the protocol used and the method of interpretation.School of Physical Education
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Douglas, Paul. "Investigating the chemistry of lipoyl synthase." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/67197/.
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The radical SAM protein lipoyl synthase (LipA) is essential for lipoic acid biosynthesis via sulfur insertions into the unactivated C6 and C8 centres of a protein-bound octanoyl group. Using an in vitro assay which makes use of a small peptide mimic of the protein substrate, it has now been shown at which carbon centre sulfur insertion first occurs. LCMS analysis of reactions using labeled substrates and proton NMR characterization of an isolated monothiolated adduct have been used to show that sulfur insertion proceeds in a stepwise manner, with sulfur insertion occurring preferentially at the C6 centre. The associated kinetic isotope effects (KIE’s) for hydrogen atom abstraction from the C6 and C8 centres have been calculated and found to equal 2 and 15 respectively. The inhibition of LipA by methionine and AdoH, which are products from reactions involving radical SAM proteins, was investigated. Methionine offered no clear inhibition whilst AdoH had a slight inhibitionary effect (IC50 = 990 ± 83 μM). When both methionine and AdoH were used together, a strong synergistic inhibition was present (IC50 = 327 ± 22 μM). However, when an enzyme (Pfs) which cleaves the glycosidic bond in AdoH was added to the reaction, this inhibition was removed and a 1.4 fold increase in activity was observed. The ability of LipA to accept larger substrates was also tested using a nonanoyl peptide analogue. LCMS analysis of these reactions identified that as well as the expected single and double sulfur inserted products there were two further unexpected products formed in the reaction mixture. Proton NMR characterized these as a trans-alkene and a thietane. Mechanisms for their formations have been proposed.
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Beauchamp, Frédéric. "Les lipomes de l'angle ponto-cérébelleux : à propos d'un cas." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2M186.
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Pinchuk, Robert. "Liposan production in the Self-Cycling Fermentor." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0033/MQ64242.pdf.
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Thornton, H. B. "The neuropsychiatry and neuropsychology of Lipoid Proteinosis." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1242.
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Günther, Svenja. "Lipoic acid protein ligases in Plasmodium spp. /." Connect to e-thesis. Move to record for print version, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/71/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2008.Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 2008. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Elias, Gizele Geralda Parreira. "MATTHEW LIPMAN E A FILOSOFIA PARA CRIANÇAS." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2005. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/1287.
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Previous issue date: 2005-09-12This research tries to achieve a systematic reflection of the purpose of Matthew Lipman s Philosophy program for Children and its allusion in the educational formation of the infants since the first school years. For this, we examined the considerations about the child looking for, in the theorists from different times, support that permitted us to construct the concept of childhood. We also examined the concepts of education and of the thought that rise when we analyze a purpose whose objective is to initiate children to the Philosophy. Then, when we analyze the theoretical and methodological presuppositions of the Philosophy program for Children raising the constitutive elements of its structure, its legitimacy and its implications in an education to think. After this, we reflect about the common aspects to the children and to the philosophers creating possibilities for them to stay together. Since the Philosophy is a branch of knowledge that is essential to the formation of the rational thoughts and, considering the importance of thinking better the elements that appear in the purpose, elaborated by Matthew Lipman, we also did a reading of the subjacent Philosophy in the presuppositions of this thinker. At the final considerations, we looked for the limits and the possibilities of the north-american purpose of Philosophy for Children. For this, we analyzed the role the teacher plays and the educational system presented in the lipmanian program, making the purpose of a conversation with a theoretical perspective, which corroborates the necessity of a different position of the educators in the sense of not teach things, but teach how to think.
Este estudo busca uma reflexão sistematizada da proposta existente no programa de Filosofia para Crianças de Matthew Lipman e sua alusão na formação educacional dos infantes desde os primeiros anos escolares. Para tanto, examinamos as considerações a respeito da criança, buscando em teóricos de diferentes épocas, sustentações que nos permitiram construir o conceito de infância. Investigamos também, os conceitos de educação e o de pensar que se entrecruzam ao analisarmos uma proposta cuja finalidade é iniciar as crianças na Filosofia. Isto posto, analisamos os pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos do programa de Filosofia para Crianças suscitando os elementos constitutivos de sua estruturação, sua legitimidade e suas implicações numa Educação para o Pensar. Em seguida pontuamos sobre os aspectos comuns às crianças e aos filósofos conferindo possibilidades de aproximação. Sendo a filosofia uma área do conhecimento essencial para a formação do pensamento reflexivo, e considerando a importância de pensar melhor os elementos presentes na proposta elaborada por Matthew Lipman, realizamos uma leitura da Filosofia subjacente nos pressupostos deste pensador. Nas considerações finais, buscamos os limites e as possibilidades da proposta norte-americana de Filosofia para Crianças. Para tanto, analisamos o papel do professor e do sistema educacional frente a uma proposta de educação para o pensar, propondo uma interlocução com o filósofo francês, Gaston Bachelard, a fim de articular elementos que corroboram a necessidade de uma postura diferenciada dos educadores no sentido não de ensinar coisas, mas de ensinar a pensar.
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Mottet, Rachel Susan. "Lipoic Acid Supplementation in the Ovariectomized Ewe." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29854.
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Inadequate concentrations of progesterone during gestation can result in impaired embryonic growth and losses. These losses may be attributed to an overactive mechanism of progesterone catabolism or improper luteal function, which results in low concentration of progesterone. Progesterone catabolism occurs to the greatest extent by the liver, which holds a vast supply of cytochrome P450 enzymes and aldo-keto reductases that are involved in steroid inactivation. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that is involved in glucose uptake and metabolism. Progesterone catabolism is decreased in the
presence of elevated insulin levels. Lipoic acid is a naturally occurring antioxidant and multienzyme cofactor which has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity and enhance glucose uptake in a number of species. The objectives of the current experiments were to 1) determine if administering a racemic mixture of lipoic acid by gavage at a dose of 32 mg/kg BW would increase peripheral progesterone concentrations, decrease progesterone clearance rates, or modulate cytochrome P450 2C (CYP2C), cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A), or aldo-keto reductase 1 C (AKRIC) hepatic enzyme activity, and 2) determine if dosing lipoic acid directly into the rumen at 32 mg/kg BW or 64 mg/kg BW would increase progesterone in the blood, decrease progesterone clearance rates, or modulate insulin. In the first trial, Katahdin cross ovariectomized ewes were randomly assigned to a control or a lipoic acid treatment group. In this experiment, a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) device was inserted in all ewes and serum samples were collected daily for five days to determine progesterone. Liver biopsies were performed on day 10 to measure CYP2C, CYP3A, and AKRI C activity. Following liver biopsies, CIDRs were removed and an intensive blood sampling was performed to measure progesterone decay from peripheral circulation. We found that while lipoic acid does not have an effect on peripheral progesterone concentrations or hepatic enzyme activity, lipoic acid supplemented ewes have decreased progesterone clearance rates compared to control ewes. In the second trial, ovariectomized Katahdin cross ewes were randomly assigned to a control, low lipoic acid (32 mg/kg BW), or a high lipoic acid (64 mg/kg BW) treatment group. A CIDR was inserted in all ewes and blood samples were taken daily for 4 days. Following CIDR removal on day 11, an intensive blood sampling was performed to measure progesterone decay from peripheral circulation. One week following CIDR removal, ewes underwent an intravenous glucose tolerance test. It was found that lipoic acid supplementation did not affect progesterone concentrations, progesterone clearance, or insulin area under the curve. There was a treatment effect such that high lipoic acid dosed ewes had higher area under the curve for glucose when compared to control and low lipoic acid dosed ewes. Although no differences in progesterone concentrations were seen in the second trial, we speculate
that the administration method rather than the efficacy of lipoic acid may account for the lack of differences observed. This theory is based on evidence from our first trial that oral lipoic acid supplementation did in fact reduce progesterone catabolism, as well as published data demonstrating that ruminally dosed lipoic acid is less effective than the equivalent oral dose.
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Cohen, Jonathan. "The regulation of postprandial lipemia in man." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27177.
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The regulation of the serum triglyceride responses to fat ingestion have been examined in normolipidemic men. To evaluate the existing methods for comparing chylomicron-triglyceride clearance, the oral and intravenous fat tolerance tests and a steady state duodenal perfusion method were compared. Good correlations (r > 0.8) were found between each of these methods. Since the intravenous fat tolerance test is independent of fat absorption, these data suggested that the serum triglyceride response to fat feeding was largely determined by the rate of chylomicron-triglyceride clearance. To determine the influence of the quantity and type of meal fat on postprandial serum triglyceride concentrations, the serum triglyceride responses to three different doses of dairy cream, and to standard doses of olive and sunflower oil were examined. For a given type of fat, the magnitude of postprandial lipemia (the integrated serum triglyceride excursion) varied directly with the quantity of fat in the meal. This finding suggested that the chylomicron- triglyceride clearance system(s) did not become saturated even after large fat meals. In addition, it appeared that the hormonal factors released in response to fat ingestion (some of which are known to increase lipoprotein lipase activity in vitro) did not increase the rate of chylomicron-triglyceride clearance. If the quantity of fat in a meal was fixed, then postprandial lipemia increased with increasing saturation of the triglyceride fatty acids. These differences did not appear to reflect differences in triglyceride absorption. Since acute fat feeding per se did not appear to stimulate chylomicron-triglyceride clearance, the effects of dietary proteins and carbohydrates were studied. The addition of up to 35g protein to a standard test meal did not affect postprandial lipemia. These results were supported by the observation that protein ingestion did not affect intravenous fat tolerance. Postprandial serum triglyceride concentrations were significantly influenced by carbohydrate ingestion. Fructose (50g) and sucrose (100g) markedly increased postprandial lipemia, although glucose ingestion did not. In agreement with earlier studies, glucose ingestion decreased serum triglyceride concentrations 2 hours after the meal. This effect was abolished by intraduodenal fat administration and by substituting starch for glucose in the test meal. The effects of glucose could be reproduced by iso-osmotic quantities of urea, however. These findings suggested that glucose ingestion did not increase chylomicron -triglyceride clearance. It is more likely that glucose delayed the absorption of triglycerides by slowing gastric emptying, and that this effect was partly related to the increased osmolarity of glucose- containing meals. The effects of chronic exercise on postprandial lipemia and chylomicron-triglyceride clearance were determined in endurance- adapted athletes. The serum triglyceride responses to large and small fat meals were lower in athletes than in sedentary men with comparable fasting triglyceride concentrations. These differences were not eliminated by a single bout of acute exercise in the sedentary men. The clearance of intravenously administered lntralipid, and chylomicron -triglyceride clearance assessed from steady state chylomicron-triglyceride concentrations during duodenal fat perfusion were faster in athletes than in the sedentary men. These data suggested that the low postprandial lipemia in athletes reflects increased chylomicron-triglyceride clearance caused by increased activity of the triglyceride clearing system(s). Given these considerations. it appears that the pathway(s) for chylomicron triglyceride clearance are extremely efficient in normal men and that these pathways are not subject to acute physiological regulation.
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Günther, Svenja. "Lipoic acid protein ligases in Plasmodium spp." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/71/.
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Protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium are the causative agent of malaria. The four human pathogenic species infect more than 500 million people each year, causing the death of at least 1 million people. The most severe form of human malaria is caused by P. falciparum, which is responsible for 90% of the malaria deaths. A major problem in the treatment of this disease is resistance of the parasites against most of the existing chemotherapies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify, validate and assess potential new drug targets. The prerequisite of a potential drug target is that it should not be of significance for the human host or it should be sufficiently different from the human counterpart, so that parasite-specific inhibition is feasible. Lipoic acid metabolism in Plasmodium differs from that of mammals in some ways and therefore it might be a promising target for the development of new antimalarials. This study investigated the importance of lipoic acid ligation in P. falciparum using reverse genetic approaches, to assess whether this pathway has potential for drug design. In addition, a spectrophotometric assay system was developed that allowed the biochemical characterisation of lipoic acid ligases and can be adapted to high-throughput screening approaches of inhibitors for these enzymes. Lipoic acid, also known as 6,8-thioctic acid, is an essential cofactor of alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes (KADH) and the glycine cleavage system (GCV). The KADH include the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCDH) and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH), which are an integral part for any cell's metabolism. In Plasmodium spp. the lipoic acid dependent enzyme complexes are found in the apicoplast, a plastid related organelle, and in the mitochondrion and thus two organelle specific lipoylation pathways are present in these parasites. Biosynthesis of the cofactor occurs in the apicoplast. Octanoyl-[acyl carrier protein]: protein N-octanoyltransferase (LipB) catalyses the attachment of octanoyl-acyl carrier protein (octanoyl-ACP) to the PDH and lipoic acid synthase (LipA) then catalyses the insertion of two sulfurs into the octanoyl-chain to form lipoamide. In the mitochondrion, scavenged lipoic acid is ligated to the enzyme complexes by the action of lipoic acid protein ligase A (LplA1), in an ATP-dependent reaction. However, a second lipoate protein ligase A (LplA2) was identified in the genome of P. falciparum, but its subcellular localisation could not be predicted using the available prediction programs. To further analyse its localisation, parasites were generated expressing full length LplA2 in frame with green fluorescent protein (GFP). In addition, immunofluorescence analyses on wild-type parasites using LplA2 specific antibodies were performed. These studies showed that LplA2 is dually targeted to the apicoplast as well as to the mitochondrion, raising the question about potential redundancy between the ligases present in the parasites. To further analyse this possibility, knock-out studies of lplA1 and lplA2 were performed in the human and rodent malaria parasites P. falciparum and P. berghei, respectively. Knock-out studies showed that LplA1 and LplA2 are non-redundant and strongly suggested that LplA1 is crucial for intraerythrocytic development, whereas LplA2 is essential for sexual development in the mosquito. According to these results it appears that (1) a key regulator of lipoic acid metabolism in Plasmodium spp. is stage specific expression of the relevant proteins and (2) both ligases are potential drug targets as knock-out of lplA1 appeared impossible in the blood stages and knock-out of lplA2 resulted in the interruption of parasite sexual development in the mosquito, and thus transmission of the parasites would be blocked if LplA2 was inhibited. To further analyse the biochemical properties of P. falciparum LplA1 and LplA2, a spectrophotometric assay system was developed, which is also suitable for the development of a high-throughput assay system. The spectrophotometric assay monitors the first part of the LplA reaction - the activation of lipoic acid by ATP. The released pyrophosphate is converted to phosphate which is detected by acidic ammonium molybdate. Using the Escherichia coli LplA protein as a positive control, kinetic parameters for the bacterial protein were determined that are in reasonable agreement with the published data. The results validate the assay and suggest that it might be suitable for inhibitor screening in the future.
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Reis, Francisco Alex Aragão dos. "Prospecção Química de Lippia insignis Moldenke (Verbenaceae)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/21620.
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REIS, Francisco Alex Aragão dos. Prospecção Química de Lippia insignis Moldenke (Verbenaceae). 2016. 86 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Química)-Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2016.Submitted by Aline Mendes (alinemendes.ufc@gmail.com) on 2017-01-13T18:52:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_faareis.pdf: 4461757 bytes, checksum: 269b965e657eab3fa10c117f9bfd02de (MD5)
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This paper describes the first chemical study of the speciesLippia insignis Moldenke (Verbenaceae), collected in Feira de Santana – BA. From the ethanolic extract of the stems was isolated four compounds: the phenylpropanoid heteroside verbascoside; the lignane isolaricesinol; and the iridoids adoxoside and caryoptoside. From the extract of the leaves was isolated the flavonoid scutellarein 7-O-glucopiranoside. The Nuclear Magnetic Ressonance thecnics (NMR-¹H, ¹³C, COSY, HSQC, HMBC), infrared (IR) and mass spectrometry (MS) as well as the comparison of literature data were used to the structural determination of the isolated metabolites. It was the first relate of the isolated iridoid adoxoside in the genre Lippia. All the isolated compounds have pharmacological activity related in the literature. The chemical study of L. insignis species corroborates to a better understanding of the chemotaxonomy of genus Lippia, confirming the chemical profile of the genre and putting the species as a new source of bioactive molecules.
Este trabalho descreve o primeiro estudo químico realizado na espécie Lippia insignis Moldenke (Verbenaceae), coletada em Feira de Santana – BA. Do extrato etanólico do caule isolou-se quatro metabólitos secundários: o heterosídeo fenilpropanoídico verbascosídeo, a lignana isolaricesinol, e os iridóides adoxosídeo e carioptosídeo. Do extrato metanólico das folhas isolou-se o flavonóide escutellareína 7-O-glucopiranosídeo. Para a identificação dos metabólitos foram utilizadas as técnicas de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear unidimensionais (RMN-¹H e ¹³ C) e técnicas bidimensionais (COSY, HSQC, HMBC), infravermelho (IV) e espectrometria de massa (EM), bem como comparação com dados da literatura. O iridóide adoxosídeo está sendo relatado pela primeira vez no gênero Lippia. Todos os compostos isolados dessa espécie já possuem alguma atividade farmacológica descrita na literatura. O estudo químico de L. insignis corrobora para um maior conhecimento da quimiotaxonomia do gênero Lippia, confirmando o perfil químico do gênero e colocando a espécie como uma nova fonte de moléculas bioativas.
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FRANCO, Caroline da Silva. "Avaliação da composição química e atividades biológicas dos óleos essenciais de Lippia gracilis e Lippia origanoides da Amazônia oriental." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/7509.
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FAPESPA - Fundação Amazônia de Amparo a Estudos e Pesquisas
O gênero Lippia é conhecido por seu caráter aromático e uso medicinal de suas espécies como uma alternativa terapêutica. Os óleos essenciais de Lippia gracilis e L. origanoides coletados no Pará e no Maranhão foram obtidos por hidrodestilação e mostraram-se ricos em monoterpenos. Os compostos majoritários do óleo de L. gracilis foram o timol (72,5%); p-cimeno (9,3%) e o éter metílico do timol (5,4%); para o óleo de L. origanoides foram timol (45,8%), p-cimeno (14,3%), -terpineno (10,5%) e carvacrol (9,9%). Os óleos apresentaram potencial larvicida frente à Artemia salina com valores de CL50 de 7,4 ± 0,2 μg.mL-1 para L. origanoides e de 18,7 ± 0,2 μg.mL-1para L. gracilis, ambas mais ativas que o lapachol (CE50 = 21,2 ± 2,2 μg /mL). O óleo essencial de L. gracilis apresentou moderada capacidade de sequestro do radical DPPH com valor de CE50 =35,7 ± 3,32 μg.mL-1 cerca de 8 vezes menos ativo que o padrão trolox (CE50 de 4,5 ± 0,1). Além disso, o óleo de L. gracilis mostrou-se um bom fungicida natural frente ao fitopatógeno C. sphaerospermum com limite de detecção de 5 μg, cerca de 10 vezes menos ativo que o miconazol (LD = 0,5 μg). Por outro lado, o óleo de L. origanoides não mostrou atividade expressiva (LD = 100 μg).
The genus Lippia is known for its aromatic character and medicinal use of its species as an alternative therapy. Essential oils of Lippia gracilis and L. origanoides collected in Pará and Maranhão were obtained by hydrodistillation and were rich in monoterpenes. The major compounds oil of L. gracilis were thymol (72.5%), p-cymene (9.3%) and thymol methyl ether (5.4%); for oil of L. origanoides were thymol (45.8%), p-cymene (14.3%), -terpinene (10.5%) and carvacrol (9.9%). The oils had potential larvicide against Artemia salina with LC50 values of 7.4 ± 0,2 μg.mL-1 to L. origanoides and 18.7 ± 0.2 μg.mL-1 to L. gracilis, both more active than lapachol (EC50 = 21.2 ± 2.2 μg/ ml). The essential oil of L. gracilis showed moderate scavenging capacity DPPH with EC50 value = 35.7 ± 3.32 μg.mL-1 about 8 times less active than the standard trolox (EC50 of 4.5 ± 0.1). Furthermore, the oil L. gracilis proved to be a good natural fungicide against the phytopathogen C. sphaerospermum with limit of detection of 5 μg, about 10 times less active than miconazole (DL = 0.5 μg). Moreover, the oil L. origanoides no showed significant activity (DL = 100μg).
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Neto, Renato Motta. "Lippia Aff. Gracilis, Lippia Gracilis e L-Glutamina e suas aÃÃes antibacteriana, antioxidante e imunomoduladora em modelos de ratos diabÃticos." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1095.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorO efeito antibacteriano de Ãleos essenciais extraÃdos de folhas das espÃcies de Lippia aff. gracilis e Lippia gracilis frente a cepa de Staphylococcus aureus isolada de Ãlcera de paciente com pà diabÃtico foi avaliado mediante experimentaÃÃo in vitro e in vivo, utilizando-se o modelo experimental de ratos diabÃticos aloxano induzidos. Cento e doze ratos machos Wistar diabÃticos com peso mÃdio de 180g foram distribuÃdos ao acaso em dois experimentos. Cada experimento foi dividido em dois procedimentos que avaliaram a atividade antibacteriana de soluÃÃes dos Ãleos essenciais a 5%, em dois diferentes procedimentos: um no ato da administraÃÃo do inÃculo bacteriano e outro apÃs vinte e quatro horas de administraÃÃo. A administraÃÃo tanto do inÃculo 108ufc/ml quanto da suspensÃo dos Ãleos foi por via subcutÃnea no membro pÃlvico dos ratos diabÃticos. CinqÃenta e seis ratos Wistar foram utilizados para cada experimento, no qual os mesmos foram distribuÃdos ao acaso em 8 (oito) diferentes grupos: 4 grupos por experimento, apresentando 7 ratos por grupo (G1-Branco; G2-Controle negativo; G3-Controle positivo; G4-Teste). Foi verificado que no procedimento 1(S.aureus sem Lippia aff gracilis 108  698 versus S.aureus com Lippia aff gracilis 293,1  79,07; S.aureus sem Lippia gracilis 108  873 versus S.aureus com Lippia gracilis 302  57,2) e no procedimento 2 (S.aureus sem Lippia aff gracilis 108  313 versus S.aureus com Lippia aff gracilis 13,28  4,03; S.aureus sem Lippia gracilis 108  818 versus S.aureus com Lippia gracilis 13,14  4,27); houve reduÃÃo na contagem bacteriana tanto para Lippia aff. gracilis quanto para Lippia gracilis. Quando comparados os grupos G4 com G3, observou-se que esta suspensÃo a 5% nÃo apresentou efeito prÃ-inflamatÃrio. Para a validaÃÃo destes resultados, foram utilizados os testes Mann-Whitney e Bartletts &Newman-Keuls (MÃdia  - E.P.M) com nÃvel de significÃncia de (p<0,05). Ainda neste estudo foi avaliado a aÃÃo antioxidante e imunomoduladora da L-glutamina em modelos de ratos Wistar diabÃticos quando administrada por gavagem a uma concentraÃÃo de 0,7g/kg em um perÃodo de 30 dias. Quarenta ratos Wistar machos foram distribuÃdos ao acaso em 5 grupos (GI-nÃo diabÃtico; GII-diabÃtico; GIII-diabÃtico com salina; GIV-diabÃtico com L-glutamina; GV-diabÃtico com ProteÃna do Soro do Leite). Passado este perÃodo, foram determinadas as concentraÃÃes de substÃncias reativas ao Ãcido tiobarbitÃrico (TBARS) e glutationa reduzida (GSH) no soro e nos tecidos hepÃticos, pancreÃticos, mÃsculo esquelÃtico, rins e tecido adiposo. Para as comparaÃÃes entre o grupo tratado com L-glutamina com os demais, utilizou-se a anÃlise de variÃncia (ANOVA-teste Tukey). As comparaÃÃes entre grupos foram feitas utilizando-se o teste t de Student. Valores de p<0,05 foram considerados significantes. A suplementaÃÃo com L-glutamina induziu ao aumento nas concentraÃÃes de GSH (MÃdia  E.P.M) e reduÃÃo significante nas concentraÃÃes de TBARS (MÃdia  E.P.M), quando comparadas com o grupo controle, nos espÃcimes analisados. A aÃÃo imunomoduladora foi avaliada atravÃs da quantificaÃÃo de linfÃcitos CD4+ e CD8+ em sangue total. Vinte e quatro ratos Wistar machos diabÃticos foram distribuÃdos igualmente em 3 grupos (G1-diabÃtico com salina; G2-diabÃtico com L-glutamina; G3- diabÃtico com ProteÃna do Soro do Leite). Observou-se um aumento significante nas populaÃÃes de linfÃcitos CD4+ (MÃdia  E.P.M) com reduÃÃo nas populaÃÃes de linfÃcitos CD8+ (MÃdia  -E.P.M) do grupo G2 quando comparado com o grupo controle, ressaltando a importÃncia da L-glutamina como imunonutriente
The antibacterial effect of essential oils extracted from leaves of the species of Lippia aff. gracilis and Lippia gracilis against strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with diabetic foot ulcers were evaluated in vitro and in vivo experimetation utilizing an experimental model of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. One hundred and twelve male diabetic Wistar rats with mean weight of 180g were distributed by chance into two experiments. Each experiment was divided in two procedures with evaluation of antibacterial activity of essential oils at 5% solutions; one procedure in the act of administration of bacterial inoculums and the other one 24 hours later. 108 CFU (Colony Forming Unit) /mL, as well as oils suspension inoculated in the subcutaneous tissue of the pelvic member of diabetic rats. Lower than 5% concentration of administered solution presented antibacterial effect in the in vitro experiment. Fifty-six Wistar rats were utilized in each experiment, randomly distributed in 08 different groups: 04 groups per experiment, each group with 07 rats (G1-White; G2-Negative Control; G3- Positive control; G4-Test). There was decrease in CFU/mL in procedure 1 (S.aureus without Lippia aff gracilis 108  698 versus S.aureus with Lippia aff gracilis 293,1  9,07; S.aureus without Lippia gracilis 108  873 versus S.aureus with Lippia gracilis 302Â57,2), which evaluated antibacterial effect of oils concomitantly with the administration of inocula as well as in procedure 2 (S.aureus without Lippia aff gracilis 108  313 versus S.aureus with Lippia aff gracilis 13,28  4,03; S.aureus without Lippia gracilis 108  818 versus S.aureus with Lippia gracilis 13,14  4,27) , which evaluated antibacterial effect of oils 24 hours after the administration of the inoculum . When comparing group G4 with G3, it was observed that 5% solution presented no pro-inflammatory effect, for analysis of these results, the tests of Mann-Whitney and Bartletts & Newman-Keuls (X  S.E.M) with level of significance (p<0,05) were used. Part of this study evaluated the antioxidant and immunomodulating effect of L-glutamine in models of Wistar diabetic rats when administered by gavages at a 0,7g/kg during 30 days. Fourty Wistar male rats were randomly distributed in 5 groups (GI- non diabetic; GII-diabetic; GIII-diabetic with saline; GIV- diabetic with L-glutamine; GV- diabetic with Whey Protein). After 30 days concentrations of TBARS and GSH in serum and in hepatic, pancreatic, skeletal muscles, kidneys and fat tissues were determined. For comparisons between the group treated with L-glutamine with the others, the ANOVA â Tukey test was utilized and the comparisons between groups were done using Studentâs t test. Values of p<0.05 were considered significant. The supplementation with L-glutamine induced an increase in the concentrations of GSH (MeanS.E.M) and significant reduction in the TBARS (mean  S.E.M) concentrations, when compared to the control group, in the analyzed specimens. The immunomodulating effect was evaluated by quantification of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in total blood. Twenty-four Wistar male diabetic rats were distributed equally in 3 groups (G1-diabetic with saline; G2-diabetic with L-glutamine; G3- diabetic with Whey Protein). It was seen a significant increase of CD4+ (mean  S.E.M) lymphocytes with reduction of CD8+ (mean  S.E.M) lymphocytes in group G2 when compared to the control group, showing the importance of L-glutamine as an immunonutrient
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Nakashima, Tomoe. "Etude phytochimique, évaluation des activités antifongiques et antivirales de trois verbenaceae : Lippia alba N.E.Brown, Lippia multiflora Mold. Citharexylum myrianthum Cham." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT045G.
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Lippia alba n. E. Brown et lippia multiflora mold. , bien connues au bresil et en afrique de l'ouest, ainsi que citharexylum myrianthum cham. , espece sud americaine, sont des verbenaceae utilisees en medecine traditionnelle. Dans la premiere partie de notre memoire, nous rappelons les caracteres botaniques des trois especes, leur localisation geographique et leur interet economique. La deuxieme partie porte sur l'obtention de substances susceptibles de presenter un interet biologique. Deux iridoides ont ete isoles de lippia alba, trois de lippia multiflora et trois de citharexylum myrianthum. De plus, trois flavonoides, les 5,4-dihydroxy, 7-3dimethoxy, 6-glucosylflavone, 5,6,4-trihydroxy, 7-3-dimethoxyflavone et 5,4-dihydroxy, 7-3-dimethoxy, 6-methylflavone ont ete identifies dans citharexylum myrianthum. La troisieme partie est consacree a la mise en evidence d'activites biologiques. L'action antifongique de lyophilisats et d'extraits methanoliques des trois especes a ete testes sur neuf especes de champignons pathogenes chez les vegetaux ou les animaux. Aucun produit ne provoque d'inhibition totale de croissance, mais certains demontrent une inhibition partielle. Les lyophilisats sont en general moins actifs que les extraits methanoliques. L'activite antivirale a ete etudiee sur quatre virus (hsv-1, hsv-2 poliovirus et vsv). Les extraits aqueux et methanoliques de citharexylum myrianthum, presentent une reduction de titre virale superieure a 2 log 10. Les lyophilisats sont particulierement actifs sur les virus herpetique et poliomyelitique (egaux ou superieurs a 3,5 log 10). L'activite des extraits methanoliques de lippia alba et lippia multiflora sur hsv-2, ainsi celle que des lyophilisats de lippia alba sur le poliovirus sont marquees
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Motta, Neto Renato. "Lippia Aff. Gracilis, Lippia Gracilis e L-Glutamina e suas ações antibacteriana, antioxidante e imunomoduladora em modelos de ratos diabéticos." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2007. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/7787.
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MOTTA NETO, Renato. Lippia Aff. Gracilis, Lippia Gracilis e L-Glutamina e suas ações antibacteriana, antioxidante e imunomoduladora em modelos de ratos diabéticos. 2007. 104 f. Tese (Doutorado em Cirurgia) - Universidade Federal do Ceará. Faculdade de Medicina, Fortaleza, 2007.Submitted by denise santos (denise.santos@ufc.br) on 2014-03-26T16:26:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_tese_rmottaneto.pdf: 542423 bytes, checksum: 4c414a3b2cb2a7458b56341e4ce2a5cc (MD5)
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The antibacterial effect of essential oils extracted from leaves of the species of Lippia aff. gracilis and Lippia gracilis against strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with diabetic foot ulcers were evaluated in vitro and in vivo experimetation utilizing an experimental model of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. One hundred and twelve male diabetic Wistar rats with mean weight of 180g were distributed by chance into two experiments. Each experiment was divided in two procedures with evaluation of antibacterial activity of essential oils at 5% solutions; one procedure in the act of administration of bacterial inoculums and the other one 24 hours later. 108 CFU (Colony Forming Unit) /mL, as well as oils suspension inoculated in the subcutaneous tissue of the pelvic member of diabetic rats. Lower than 5% concentration of administered solution presented antibacterial effect in the in vitro experiment. Fifty-six Wistar rats were utilized in each experiment, randomly distributed in 08 different groups: 04 groups per experiment, each group with 07 rats (G1-White; G2-Negative Control; G3- Positive control; G4-Test). There was decrease in CFU/mL in procedure 1 (S.aureus without Lippia aff gracilis 108 ± 698 versus S.aureus with Lippia aff gracilis 293,1 ± 9,07; S.aureus without Lippia gracilis 108 ± 873 versus S.aureus with Lippia gracilis 302±57,2), which evaluated antibacterial effect of oils concomitantly with the administration of inocula as well as in procedure 2 (S.aureus without Lippia aff gracilis 108 ± 313 versus S.aureus with Lippia aff gracilis 13,28 ± 4,03; S.aureus without Lippia gracilis 108 ± 818 versus S.aureus with Lippia gracilis 13,14 ± 4,27) , which evaluated antibacterial effect of oils 24 hours after the administration of the inoculum . When comparing group G4 with G3, it was observed that 5% solution presented no pro-inflammatory effect, for analysis of these results, the tests of Mann-Whitney and Bartletts & Newman-Keuls (X ± S.E.M) with level of significance (p<0,05) were used. Part of this study evaluated the antioxidant and immunomodulating effect of L-glutamine in models of Wistar diabetic rats when administered by gavages at a 0,7g/kg during 30 days. Fourty Wistar male rats were randomly distributed in 5 groups (GI- non diabetic; GII-diabetic; GIII-diabetic with saline; GIV- diabetic with L-glutamine; GV- diabetic with Whey Protein). After 30 days concentrations of TBARS and GSH in serum and in hepatic, pancreatic, skeletal muscles, kidneys and fat tissues were determined. For comparisons between the group treated with L-glutamine with the others, the ANOVA – Tukey test was utilized and the comparisons between groups were done using Student’s t test. Values of p<0.05 were considered significant. The supplementation with L-glutamine induced an increase in the concentrations of GSH (MeanS.E.M) and significant reduction in the TBARS (mean ± S.E.M) concentrations, when compared to the control group, in the analyzed specimens. The immunomodulating effect was evaluated by quantification of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in total blood. Twenty-four Wistar male diabetic rats were distributed equally in 3 groups (G1-diabetic with saline; G2-diabetic with L-glutamine; G3- diabetic with Whey Protein). It was seen a significant increase of CD4+ (mean ± S.E.M) lymphocytes with reduction of CD8+ (mean ± S.E.M) lymphocytes in group G2 when compared to the control group, showing the importance of L-glutamine as an immunonutrient.
O efeito antibacteriano de óleos essenciais extraídos de folhas das espécies de Lippia aff. gracilis e Lippia gracilis frente a cepa de Staphylococcus aureus isolada de úlcera de paciente com pé diabético foi avaliado mediante experimentação in vitro e in vivo, utilizando-se o modelo experimental de ratos diabéticos aloxano induzidos. Cento e doze ratos machos Wistar diabéticos com peso médio de 180g foram distribuídos ao acaso em dois experimentos. Cada experimento foi dividido em dois procedimentos que avaliaram a atividade antibacteriana de soluções dos óleos essenciais a 5%, em dois diferentes procedimentos: um no ato da administração do inóculo bacteriano e outro após vinte e quatro horas de administração. A administração tanto do inóculo 108ufc/ml quanto da suspensão dos óleos foi por via subcutânea no membro pélvico dos ratos diabéticos. Cinqüenta e seis ratos Wistar foram utilizados para cada experimento, no qual os mesmos foram distribuídos ao acaso em 8 (oito) diferentes grupos: 4 grupos por experimento, apresentando 7 ratos por grupo (G1-Branco; G2-Controle negativo; G3-Controle positivo; G4-Teste). Foi verificado que no procedimento 1(S.aureus sem Lippia aff gracilis 108 ± 698 versus S.aureus com Lippia aff gracilis 293,1 ± 79,07; S.aureus sem Lippia gracilis 108 ± 873 versus S.aureus com Lippia gracilis 302 ± 57,2) e no procedimento 2 (S.aureus sem Lippia aff gracilis 108 ± 313 versus S.aureus com Lippia aff gracilis 13,28 ± 4,03; S.aureus sem Lippia gracilis 108 ± 818 versus S.aureus com Lippia gracilis 13,14 ± 4,27); houve redução na contagem bacteriana tanto para Lippia aff. gracilis quanto para Lippia gracilis. Quando comparados os grupos G4 com G3, observou-se que esta suspensão a 5% não apresentou efeito pró-inflamatório. Para a validação destes resultados, foram utilizados os testes Mann-Whitney e Bartletts &Newman-Keuls (Média ± - E.P.M) com nível de significância de (p<0,05). Ainda neste estudo foi avaliado a ação antioxidante e imunomoduladora da L-glutamina em modelos de ratos Wistar diabéticos quando administrada por gavagem a uma concentração de 0,7g/kg em um período de 30 dias. Quarenta ratos Wistar machos foram distribuídos ao acaso em 5 grupos (GI-não diabético; GII-diabético; GIII-diabético com salina; GIV-diabético com L-glutamina; GV-diabético com Proteína do Soro do Leite). Passado este período, foram determinadas as concentrações de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) e glutationa reduzida (GSH) no soro e nos tecidos hepáticos, pancreáticos, músculo esquelético, rins e tecido adiposo. Para as comparações entre o grupo tratado com L-glutamina com os demais, utilizou-se a análise de variância (ANOVA-teste Tukey). As comparações entre grupos foram feitas utilizando-se o teste t de Student. Valores de p<0,05 foram considerados significantes. A suplementação com L-glutamina induziu ao aumento nas concentrações de GSH (Média ± E.P.M) e redução significante nas concentrações de TBARS (Média ± E.P.M), quando comparadas com o grupo controle, nos espécimes analisados. A ação imunomoduladora foi avaliada através da quantificação de linfócitos CD4+ e CD8+ em sangue total. Vinte e quatro ratos Wistar machos diabéticos foram distribuídos igualmente em 3 grupos (G1-diabético com salina; G2-diabético com L-glutamina; G3- diabético com Proteína do Soro do Leite). Observou-se um aumento significante nas populações de linfócitos CD4+ (Média ± E.P.M) com redução nas populações de linfócitos CD8+ (Média ± -E.P.M) do grupo G2 quando comparado com o grupo controle, ressaltando a importância da L-glutamina como imunonutriente.
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Oliveira, Francisco Carlos de. "Estudo de investigaÃÃo quÃmica da espÃcie Lippia rigida Schauer (Verbenaceae)." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8329.
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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgicoCoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
Este trabalho descreve o estudo de investigaÃÃo quÃmica da espÃcie Lippia rigida Schauer (Verbenaceae), coletada no municÃpio de MuncugÃ, Bahia. A anÃlise cromatogrÃfica do extrato etanÃlico das folhas de L. rigida permitiu o isolamento e caracterizaÃÃo de 3 flavonÃides do tipo flavanonas: sakuranetina, pinocembrina e 2 flavanonois: 7-metil-aromadendrina e taxifolina; 1 flavona: genkwanina; 3 flavonois: ramnocitrina, canferol e quercetina. Na determinaÃÃo estrutural dos metabÃlicos secundÃrios isolados, utilizou-se tÃcnicas espectroscÃpicas como Infravermelho (IV) e RessonÃncia MagnÃtica Nuclear de hidrogÃnio (RMN 1H) e de carbono-13 (RMN 13C), incluindo tÃcnicas bidimensionais (COSY, HMBC e HSQC), alÃm de espectrometria de massa (EM) e comparaÃÃo com os dados da literatura. Embora todos os compostos isolados sejam conhecidos na literatura, o isolamento de flavonÃides para a espÃcie L. rigida corrobora com a dispersÃo quimiotaxonÃmica desta classe para o gÃnero Lippia. AlÃm disso, os compostos 7-metil-aromadendrina, ramnocitrina, genkwanina e canferol estÃo sendo relatados pela primeira vez para o gÃnero, alÃm do mais os flavonoides 7-metil-aromadendrina e ramnocitrina estÃo sendo relatados pela primeira vez para a famÃlia Verbenaceae. O Ãleo essencial das folhas de Lippia rigida foi obtido por hidrodestilaÃÃo e analisado em CG-EM e CG-DIC. Os componentes majoritÃrios do Ãleo essencial foram α-humuleno (42,3%) e β-cariofileno (13, 0%). O Ãleo foi submetido ensaio de atividade larvicida frente a larvas no estÃgio III do mosquito Aedes aegypti com e apresentou CL50 de 138, 97 Â 1,2 μg/mL. Ensaio de atividade de citotoxicidade frente a linhagens de cÃlulas MDA-MB435, HCT-8 e SF-295, apresentou IC% 83,79, 86,80 e 79,41, respectivamente. A atividade de inibiÃÃo da enzima acetilcolinesterase revelou com halo de inibiÃÃo de 9 mm similar ao controle fisostigmina.
This paper describes the study of chemical research of the species Lippia rigida Schauer (Verbenaceae), collected in the municipality of MuncugÃ, Bahia. Chromatographic analysis of the ethanol extract from leaves of L. rigid allowed the isolation and characterization of flavonoid-type flavanones 3 sakuranetin, pinocembrin and naringenin 2 flavanonois 7-methyl aromadendrin and taxifolin, 1 flavone genkwanin, 3 flavonois ramnocitrin, kaempferol and quercetin. In the structural determination of secondary metabolites isolated, we used spectroscopic techniques such as infrared (IR) and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and carbon-13 (13C NMR), including two-dimensional techniques (COSY, HMBC and HSQC), and mass spectrometry (MS) and comparison with literature data. Although all the compounds are known in the literature, the isolation of flavonoids for the species L. rigida chemotaxonomy corroborates dispersal of this class to the genus Lippia. Moreover, the compound 7-methyl-aromadendrin, ramnocitrina, genkwanina and kaempferol are being reported for the first time for the genus, besides the more flavonoids 7-methyl-aromadendrin ramnocitrina and are being reported for the first time for the family Verbenaceae. The essential oil of Lippia rigida leaves was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed in GC-MS and GC-FID. The major components of the essential oil were α-humulene (42.3%) and β-caryophyllene (13,0%). The oil was subjected testing larvicidal activity against larvae in stage III of the mosquito Aedes aegypti and presented with LC50 of 138.97 Â 1.2 mg/mL. Assay of cytotoxicity activity against cell lines MDA-MB435, HCT-8 and SF-295, IC% showed 83.79, 86.80 and 79.41, respectively. The activity of inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase inhibition zone revealed with 9 mm similar to control physostigmine.
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Low, Wan Li. "Lipsome encapsulated antimicrobial metal ions and essential oils." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/219012.
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This study investigates the feasibility of using TTO and Ag+ alone and in combination either as free or liposome encapsulated agents. Based on the minimum lethal concentration (MLC), the fractional lethal concentration index (FLCI) showed that treatment with unencapsulated combinations of TTO and Ag+ exerted a synergistic effect against P. aeruginosa (FLCI = 0.263) and indifferent effects against S. aureus and C. albicans (0.663 and 0.880, respectively). Using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsified agents in combination, showed synergistic effects against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus (FLCI = 0.325 and 0.375, respectively), but C. albicans remained indifferent (FLCI = 0.733). Time kill experiments revealed that the combined agent concentrations and elimination time (to the lowest limit of detection, LOD) are as follows: C. albicans: 0.12%v/vTTO:2.5x10-4Ag+:1.5hrs, P. aeruginosa: 1%v/vTTO:3.2x10-4Ag+:15mins and S. aureus: 1.2%v/vTTO:3.2x10-4Ag+:30mins. Repeating these experiments with emulsified TTO encapsulated in liposomes (lipo-TTO:PVA30-70kDa) against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus reduced the effective amount of TTO required (compared to free TTO). However, this was not observed in C. albicans. The required effective concentration of Ag+ from liposome encapsulated Ag+ (lipo-Ag+) was shown to remain the same as free Ag+. The effective concentration and elimination time of liposomal agents in combination are as follows: C. albicans: 0.05%v/vTTO:PVA:8.9x10-5Ag:PVA:2.0hrs, P. aeruginosa: 0.25%v/vTTO:PVA:3.2x10-4Ag:PVA:30mins and S. aureus: 0.05%v/vTTO:PVA:6.0x10-4Ag:PVA:1.5hrs. These results showed the potential of using TTO and Ag+ in combination, along with liposome delivery systems to effectively lower the MLC. Scanning electron micrographs of microorganisms exposed to Ag+ showed a reduction in cell size when compared to untreated cells. Transmission electron micrograph of C. albicans showed the cell surface damaging potential of Ag+. Furthermore, this investigation also demonstrated the feasibility of using chitosan hydrogels as an alternative delivery system for TTO and/or Ag+. The development of these controlled release systems to deliver alternative antimicrobial agents may allow sustained targeted delivery at microbiocidal concentrations.
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Küster, Ilga [Verfasser]. "Histomorphologische Untersuchungen von Lipomen beim Hund / Ilga Küster." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1135595771/34.
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Brookes, Michael H. "The synthesis of the enantiomers of lipoic acid." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1985. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/55428/.
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Lipoic acid is a biologically important molecule. Whilst the racemate has been available by a number of syntheses for many years, no convenient preparation of the pure enantiomers has so far been described. All the evidence so far presented indicates that only the dextrorotatory isomer is active in vivo, the absolute configuration of which has not been established with certainty. To further elucidate the biochemical role(s) and biosynthesis of this compound, a convenient EPC synthesis would be beneficial. This thesis describes the development of a route to the (R)- and (S)- forms of the target molecule from a member of the "chiral pool". *******
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Mendes, Sandra Santos. "Estudos químicos e farmacológicos da Lippia gracilis Schauer." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2012. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3275.
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Lippia genus has a great pharmacological and therapeutic potential and encompasses approximately 200 species of herbs, bushes and small trees with a consistent chemical
composition and pharmacological, therapeutics and culinary activities. This research aimed to evaluate the chemical and pharmacological aspects of Lippia gracilis Schauer (Verbenaceae), well-known as alecrim do campo , which grew at the germplasm bank of the Federal University of Sergipe, Brazil. This study was divided in two parts: in the
first one we tried to evaluate the nonpolar compounds from the essential oil (EO) of L. gracilis plants under hydric stress and without hydric stress. The identification of the EO was made by using GC/MS and its anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities were studied in animal models. As results, thymol, p-cineme, methyl thymol, and carvacrol were found in the EO analysis, independent of the hydric stress L. gracilis leaves were submitted. Although the different hydric stresses the plants pass through, the chemical composition of the EO was too similar, so it was chosen to study the one
obtained from the plants submitted to hydric stress in the animal models. In the animal models, we fed 1 hour before the beginning of the experiments with the EO (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, p.o.), vehicle (tween 80 at 0.2% in saline, 10 mL/kg, p.o.) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, 300 mg/kg, p.o.) or dexamethasone (Dexa, 2 mg/kg, s.c.). To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity, we used paw oedema model (Wistar rats, 120- 180 g) and leukocyte migration into the peritoneal cavity (Swiss mice, 20-30 g). To evaluate the antinociceptive activity, we used acetic acid-induced abdominal writhes
model in Swiss mice. In all in vivo experiments we used groups of 6 animals. In the paw oedema assay, could be verified a reduction in inflammation (p<0.01) at the 200 mg/kg dose in Wistar rats in all measurement time (1, 2, 3 and 4 hours after carrageenaninduced paw oedema). The positive control (AAS 300 mg/kg) was also able to reduce the inflammation (p<0.05). In the leucocyte migration model, all EO doses used (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) were able to reduces leucocytes migration, caused by carrageneen (p<0.01). Dexa was also able to reduce the migration (p<0.001). In the acetic acidinduced abdominal writhes model, all the doses reduced the nociception caused by acetic-acid, whereas the 200 mg/kg dose showed similar effects to ASS (p<0.001). In
the second part of this study, the main polar compounds of L. gracilis were evaluated using antioxidant in vitro assays, namely ABTS (2,2 -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline6-
sulphonic acid), FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) and DPPH (2,2-di(4- tertoctylphenyl)- 1-picrylhydrazyl), with trolox as reference antioxidant. The chemical composition of aqueous and ethanolic extracts was also evaluated by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) and LCMS (Liquid Chromatography Mass spectrometry). Three major compounds with high antioxidant activity could be identified: luteolin-C-6-glucoside, luteolin-C-8-glucoside and carvacrol. The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract was higher than the water extract (about 40%), independent of the solvent used. These three compounds were also tested isolate, besides their comparison with well-known antioxidants as quercetin and luteolin. The antioxidant activity clearly depends on the assay used and the compound structure.
Carvacrol showed higher activity in ABTS assay than C-6 and C-8-glucosides, but lower in DPPH and FRAP assays. In all assays, luteolin-C-6 showed higher antioxidant activity than luteolin-C-8-glucoside. L. gracilis is a good source of compounds with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities. This is the first time that luteolin C-6 and C-8-glucosides were described in the L. gracilis.O gênero Lippia apresenta grande potencial farmacológico e terapêutico e possui aproximadamente 200 espécies de ervas, arbustos e pequenas árvores, apresentando um perfil consistente de composição química e atividades farmacológicas, terapêuticas e culinárias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar aspectos químicos e farmacológicos da Lippia gracilis Schauer (Verbenaceae), conhecida popularmente por alecrim do campo , proveniente do banco de germoplasma da Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Assim, este estudo foi dividido em duas partes: na primeira buscou-se estudar aspectos relacionados aos constituintes apolares da L. gracilis, presentes no óleo essencial (OE) obtido das folhas de plantas submetidas ao estresse hídrico (sazonal) e sem estresse. A composição dos constituintes do OE foi estudada com a utilização da cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massa (CG/EM) e suas atividades anti-inflamatória e antinociceptiva estudadas em modelos in vivo. Como resultados, verificamos que quatro compostos foram encontrados em maior concentração nos OE (independentemente das plantas terem sido submetidas ou não ao estresse hídrico): timol, p-cinemo, metil timol e carvacrol. Como a composição química dos OEs foi muito similar, escolheu-se trabalhar com o OE das plantas submetidas ao estresse hídrico nos ensaios in vivo. Para tanto, os animais (n=6/grupo) foram inicialmente prétratados com o OE (50, 100 e 200 mg/kg, v.o.), veículo (tween 80 a 0,2% em salina, 10 mL/kg, v.o.) e ácido acetilssalicílico (AAS, 300 mg/kg, v.o.) ou dexametasona (Dexa, 2 mg/kg, s.c.), dependendo do modelo experimental, 1 h antes do início dos experimentos. A atividade anti-inflamatória foi avaliada utilizando-se os modelos de edema de pata (ratos Wistar, 120-180 g) e peritonite (camundongos Swiss, 20-30 g) induzidos por carragenina. O tratamento dos animais com o OE na dose de 200 mg/kg reduziu de forma significativa (p<0,01) o edema induzido pela carragenina (1%, 100 μL/pata) em todos os tempos mensurados (1, 2, 3 e 4 h após a indução do edema). De forma similar, o AAS reduziu (p<0,05) a formação do edema em todos os tempos. No modelo de peritonite, todas as doses do OE (50, 100 e 200 mg/kg, p<0,01), bem como a dexametasona (p<0,001), foram capazes de reduzir a migração de leucócitos induzida por carragenina (1%, 250 μL, i.p.). Para avaliação da atividade antinociceptiva utilizouse o modelo de contorções abdominais induzidas por ácido acético (0,6%, 100 μL/10g, i.p.) em camundongos (Swiss, 20-30g). Observou-se que todas as doses do OE foram capazes de reduzir (p<0,05) a nocicepção induzida pelo ácido acético, sendo que com a dose de 200 mg/kg do OE observaram-se efeitos semelhantes ao AAS (p<0,001). Na segunda parte do presente estudo, os constituintes polares foram estudados in vitro, utilizando-se os ensaios de avaliação da atividade antioxidante do ABTS (2,2 -azino-bis (3-etil-benzolina-6-sulfonado), FRAP (poder antioxidante de redução do ferro) e DPPH (2,2-di(4-tertoctilfenil)-1-picrilhidrazil), com o composto de referência sendo o trolox, um análogo da vitamina E. A composição química dos extratos aquoso e alcoólico obtidos das folhas da L. gracilis, foi avaliada por cromatografia líquida de alto desempenho acoplada a espectrometria de massa (HPLC/EM). Através dos perfis químicos dos extratos obtidos por HPLC/EM, foi possível identificar três compostos majoritários com intensa atividade antioxidante: luteolina-C-6-glucosídeo, luteolina-C- 8-glucosídeo e carvacrol. Em ensaios in vitro, verificou-se uma maior atividade antioxidante (40%) do extrato alcoólico quando comparado ao aquoso, independente do solvente utilizado para a dissolução. Os três compostos majoritários foram testados isoladamente, além de terem sido comparados com compostos antioxidantes de ação conhecida, como quercetina e luteolina. As atividades detectadas dependeram claramente do ensaio utilizado e da estrutura do composto. O carvacrol apresentou maior atividade no ABTS, quando comparado com as luteolinas, porém atividade inferior no DPPH e no FRAP. Em todos os ensaios, a luteolina-C-6-glucosideo apresentou valores maiores que a luteolina-C-8-glucosideo. A L. gracilis representa uma fonte potencial de antioxidantes, além de possuir atividades anti-inflamatória e antinociceptiva. Este é o primeiro relato de detecção das luteolinas C-6 e C-8 glucosídeo na espécie Lippia gracilis.
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Souza, Camila Maurmann de. "Análise proteômica em Lippia alba (Verbenaceae)(Mill.) N.E.Brown." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/6483.
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Lippia alba é uma planta vastamente utilizada pela medicina popular devido as suas características antimicrobianas, antiespasmódicas, anti-inflamatórias, analgésicas, digestivas, entre outras. Conhecida popularmente como “cidreira”, “erva cidreira” entre outros nomes populares, L. alba é amplamente utilizada no Brasil e na América do Sul. Possuindo grande variação genética, foram encontrados cinco citótipos de L. alba com 2n=30, 38, 45, 60 e 90 cromossomos. O estudo dessas variações cromossômicas levou a uma proposta de formação de um complexo autopoliploide a partir de cruzamentos unilaterais e bilaterais de citótipos por meio de gametas reduzidos e/ou não reduzidos. Avanços foram obtidos no que diz respeito ao conhecimento de L. alba e diversas abordagens, tais como, análise de dados cariotípicos, citogenéticos, citométricos e moleculares foram empregadas. Para contribuir no estudo da variação biológica da espécie, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar, de forma comparativa, o perfil proteômico dos níveis de ploidia descritos para a espécie (diploide, aneuploide, triploide, tetraploide, hexaploide). Para isso, foi realizada a extração de proteínas de folhas de representantes das ploidias citadas, com posterior separação por eletroforese bidimensional, análise de spots e identificação de proteínas por espectrometria de massas. Ao comparar o perfil proteômico do acesso diploide ao perfil dos demais níveis de ploidia, foi possível identificar diferenças de expressão entre os spots analisados. Essas diferenças mostraram-se tanto qualitativas, devido a variações de ausência e presença na expressão dos spots, quanto quantitativas, de acordo com a porcentagem de volume de cada spot. Além disso, foram identificadas 44 proteínas, sendo 27 relacionadas à fotossíntese, 12 relacionadas à energia e metabolismo, 3 chaperonas e 2 proteínas tubulinas de função estrutural. Para cada uma dessas proteínas identificadas, foi possível observar as semelhanças e divergências de expressão entre os níveis de ploidia estudados. As proteínas identificadas possuem papéis relevantes no metabolismo primário de Lippia alba. Os dados sugerem, de modo geral, que a alteração no tamanho do genoma não provocou alterações representativas no perfil proteômico observado, à exceção do acesso triploide que apresentou um perfil particular.
Lippia alba is a plant vastly utilized in popular medicine due to its antimicrobial, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and pro-digestive features. It is commonly known in Brazilian Portuguese as “cidreira”, “erva cidreira” along with other popular names and “bushy matgrass” in English. It is widely used in Brazil and South America. The species display large genetic variation, five cytotypes have been described with 2n=30, 38, 45, 60 and 90. The study of these chromosomal variations has led to proposing the formation of an autopolyploid complex derived from unilateral and bilateral crossings of cytotypes by reduced and/or non-reduced gametes. There have been advances concerning the knowledge on L. alba and on the formation of the polyploid complex. Various approaches have been employed, such as analysis of data generated from karyotyping, cytogenetics, cytometry and molecular genetics. The present work aims at contributing to elucidate the possibility of biological variations by assessing, comparatively, the proteomic profile of the ploidy levels described for the species (diploid, aneuploid, triploid, tetraploid and hexaploid). Protein extraction from leaves has been carried out with posterior dimensional electrophoretic separation. Later, we performed spot analysis and protein identification by mass spectrometry. When comparing the proteomic profile from the diploid sample to the remaining ploidy levels, expression differences were observed between the spots analyzed. The differences showed to be either qualitative, due to the variation in presence of spots, and quantitative, as observed in the volume percentage of each spot. In addition, we identified 44 proteins, being 27 related to photosynthesis, 12 to metabolism and energy, 3 chaperones, and 2 tubulins with structural function. For each of the identified proteins, it was possible to observe similarities and divergences concerning expression amidst the ploidy levels studied. The proteins identified possess relevant roles in primary metabolism of L. alba. Our data suggest that alterations in genome size do not provoke representative alterations on the proteomic profile, with the exception of the triploid sample, which displayed a particular profile.
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Almeida, Macia Cleane Soares de. "Estudo fitoquÃmico e avaliaÃÃo antioxidante de Lippia sidoides." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6605.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorEste trabalho descreve a reinvestigaÃÃo fitoquÃmica da espÃcie Lippia sidoides, pertencente à famÃlia Verbenaceae, visando o isolamento e a elucidaÃÃo estrutural de novos ou conhecidos metabÃlitos secundÃrios. O estudo quÃmico realizado com o extrato etanÃlico das raÃzes e das folhas da espÃcie possibilitou o isolamento de trÃs e a caracterizaÃÃo de sete constituintes. Do extrato etanÃlico das raÃzes foi isolada a naftoquinona tecomaquinona I e, do extrato etanÃlico das folhas foram isolados o monoterpeno 5-hidroximetil-2- isopropilfenol, a flavanona naringenina, a mistura de flavonÃides eriodictiol e hispidulina, e a mistura de di-hidrochalconas 3-hidroxifloridizina e floridizina. A mistura de di-hidrochalconas foi submetida à reaÃÃo de acetilaÃÃo com anidrido acÃtico/piridina, resultando na acetilaÃÃo de todas as hidroxilas. A determinaÃÃo estrutural das substÃncias foi realizada atravÃs de tÃcnicas espectromÃtricas como: infravermelho (IV), espectrometria de massa (EM) e ressonÃncia magnÃtica nuclear de hidrogÃnio (RMN 1H) e de carbono-13 (RMN 13C), incluindo tÃcnicas bidimensionais (COSY, HSQC e HMBC) e comparaÃÃo com dados registrados na literatura. A atividade antioxidante das substÃncias isoladas e do extrato etanÃlico das folhas foi avaliada pelo mÃtodo de inibiÃÃo de radicais livres (DPPH), observando-se uma significativa atividade, principalmente do extrato etanÃlico das folhas, da mistura de flavonÃides e da mistura de di-hidrochalconas.
This work describes the phytochemical reinvestigation of the specie Lippia sidoides, belonging to the family Verbenaceae, aiming at the isolation and structural elucidation of secondary metabolites new or known. Chemical studies conducted with the ethanolic extract of the roots and leaves of the species allowed the isolation of tree and characterization of seven constituents. Of the ethanolic extract of the roots was isolated the naphthoquinone tecomaquinone I, and the ethanolic extract of the leaves was isolated the monoterpene 5- hydroxymethyl-2-isopropylphenol, the flavanone naringenin, the mixture of flavonoids eriodictyol and hispidulin, and the mixture of dihydrochalcones 3- hydroxyphloridzin and phloridzin. The mixture of dihydrochalcones was subjected to reaction acetylation with acetic anhydride/pyridine, resulting in the acetylation of all hydroxyl. Structure determination of the substances was performed by spectrometric techniques such as infrared (IR), mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance of hydrogen (1H NMR) and carbon-13 (13C NMR) including two-dimensional techniques (COSY, HSQC and HMBC) and comparison with data reported in the literature. The antioxidant activity of the substances isolated and of the ethanolic extract of the leaves was evaluated by method the inhibition of free radicals (DPPH), observing a significant activity, especially of the ethanolic extract of the leaves, of the mixture of flavonoids and the mixture of dihydrochalcones.
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Almeida, Macia Cleane Soares de. "Estudo fitoquímico e avaliação antioxidante de Lippia sidoides." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2011. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/14188.
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ALMEIDA, M. C. S. Estudo fitoquímico e avaliação antioxidante de Lippia sidoides. 2011. 122 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Química) - Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2011.Submitted by Daniel Eduardo Alencar da Silva (dealencar.silva@gmail.com) on 2014-11-24T21:45:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_mcsalmeida.pdf: 6768747 bytes, checksum: 93e40f6a744ff78698a9943b20986d61 (MD5)
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This work describes the phytochemical reinvestigation of the specie Lippia sidoides, belonging to the family Verbenaceae, aiming at the isolation and structural elucidation of secondary metabolites new or known. Chemical studies conducted with the ethanolic extract of the roots and leaves of the species allowed the isolation of tree and characterization of seven constituents. Of the ethanolic extract of the roots was isolated the naphthoquinone tecomaquinone I, and the ethanolic extract of the leaves was isolated the monoterpene 5- hydroxymethyl-2-isopropylphenol, the flavanone naringenin, the mixture of flavonoids eriodictyol and hispidulin, and the mixture of dihydrochalcones 3- hydroxyphloridzin and phloridzin. The mixture of dihydrochalcones was subjected to reaction acetylation with acetic anhydride/pyridine, resulting in the acetylation of all hydroxyl. Structure determination of the substances was performed by spectrometric techniques such as infrared (IR), mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance of hydrogen (1H NMR) and carbon-13 (13C NMR) including two-dimensional techniques (COSY, HSQC and HMBC) and comparison with data reported in the literature. The antioxidant activity of the substances isolated and of the ethanolic extract of the leaves was evaluated by method the inhibition of free radicals (DPPH), observing a significant activity, especially of the ethanolic extract of the leaves, of the mixture of flavonoids and the mixture of dihydrochalcones.
Este trabalho descreve a reinvestigação fitoquímica da espécie Lippia sidoides, pertencente à família Verbenaceae, visando o isolamento e a elucidação estrutural de novos ou conhecidos metabólitos secundários. O estudo químico realizado com o extrato etanólico das raízes e das folhas da espécie possibilitou o isolamento de três e a caracterização de sete constituintes. Do extrato etanólico das raízes foi isolada a naftoquinona tecomaquinona I e, do extrato etanólico das folhas foram isolados o monoterpeno 5-hidroximetil-2- isopropilfenol, a flavanona naringenina, a mistura de flavonóides eriodictiol e hispidulina, e a mistura de di-hidrochalconas 3-hidroxifloridizina e floridizina. A mistura de di-hidrochalconas foi submetida à reação de acetilação com anidrido acético/piridina, resultando na acetilação de todas as hidroxilas. A determinação estrutural das substâncias foi realizada através de técnicas espectrométricas como: infravermelho (IV), espectrometria de massa (EM) e ressonância magnética nuclear de hidrogênio (RMN 1H) e de carbono-13 (RMN 13C), incluindo técnicas bidimensionais (COSY, HSQC e HMBC) e comparação com dados registrados na literatura. A atividade antioxidante das substâncias isoladas e do extrato etanólico das folhas foi avaliada pelo método de inibição de radicais livres (DPPH), observando-se uma significativa atividade, principalmente do extrato etanólico das folhas, da mistura de flavonóides e da mistura de di-hidrochalconas.
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Látal, Jan. "Studie rekonstrukce železničních stanic Ostružná a Horní Lipová." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226631.
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The result of this work will be design the reconstruction of the railway station Ostružná and Horní Lipová to fulfil the following conditions. It must be ensured smooth movement of persons with reduced mobility in the sense amended by Decree 398/2009 Coll., also endeavor will be made an extension length of the platforms and useful length of the tracks, edit directional and height parameters to the requirements of the current standards and the associated construction of a functional drainage. However, it is avoiding the extensive work to minimize investment.
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Fricke, Christiane. "Terpenoide Inhaltsstoffe von Lebermoosen und Heilpflanzen." [S.l. : s.n.], 1999. http://www.sub.uni-hamburg.de/disse/189/FRICKE.PDF.
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