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1

UJIIE, Seiji, Yutaka TANAKA, Yumi YANO, Akira MORI, and Kazuyoshi IIMURA. "Thermal and Liquid Crystalline Properties of Ionic Liquid Crystalline Systems." KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 63, no. 1 (2006): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/koron.63.11.

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2

Funahashi, Masahiro. "Chiral Liquid Crystalline Electronic Systems." Symmetry 13, no. 4 (2021): 672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13040672.

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Liquid crystals bearing extended π-conjugated units function as organic semiconductors and liquid crystalline semiconductors have been studied for their applications in light-emitting diodes, field-effect transistors, and solar cells. However, studies on electronic functionalities in chiral liquid crystal phases have been limited so far. Electronic charge carrier transport has been confirmed in chiral nematic and chiral smectic C phases. In the chiral nematic phase, consisting of molecules bearing extended π-conjugated units, circularly polarized photoluminescence has been observed within the
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3

S., Manu, Fyna Francis, and Tobin Scaria. "Investigation on Liquid Crystalline Systems." Mapana - Journal of Sciences 5, no. 2 (2006): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12723/mjs.9.6.

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The results of experiments carried out by us on two samples exhibiting a macroscopic helical structure.While one of them shows a direct transition from chiral orientationally ordered fluid(referred to an N* phase) to a phase with one dimensional layer structure,the second sample exhibits a liquid crystal analog of the Abrikosov flux lattice of super conductors,between the N* and layered phase.The chapter compares and contrasts the differences in the behavior of the two compounds.
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4

Ko¨tz, Joachim, and Sabine Kosmella. "Polymers in lyotropic liquid crystalline systems." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 123-124 (May 1997): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-7757(96)03797-1.

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5

Plantenberg, T., and J. Kötz. "Liquid crystalline polyanion/polycation/water systems." Polymer 42, no. 8 (2001): 3523–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-3861(00)00705-9.

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6

Pócsik, IstváN, and IstváN Furó. "Solitons in Chiral Liquid Crystalline Systems." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics 151, no. 1 (1987): 129–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268948708075325.

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7

Janovszky, Dóra, and Kinga Tomolya. "Designing Amorphous/Crystalline Composites by Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation." Materials Science Forum 790-791 (May 2014): 473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.790-791.473.

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The Cu-Zr-Ag system is characterized by a miscibility gap. The liquid separates into Ag-rich and Cu-Zr rich liquids. Yttrium was added to the Cu-Zr-Ag and Cu-Zr-Ag-Al systems and its influence on liquid immiscibility was studied. This alloying element has been chosen to check the effect of the heat of mixing between silver and the given element. In the case of Ag-Y system it is highly negative (-29 kJ/mol). The liquid becomes immiscible in the Cu-Zr-Ag-Y system. To the effect of Y addition the quaternary liquid decomposed into Ag-Y rich and Cu-Zr rich liquids. The Y addition increased the fiel
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8

Costa, G., A. Minicucci, V. Trefiletti, and B. Valenti. "Thermotropic liquid-crystalline systems containing methylated rings." Liquid Crystals 7, no. 5 (1990): 629–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678299008036747.

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9

Krishna Prasad, S., Geetha G. Nair, K. L. Sandhya, and D. S. Shankar Rao. "Photoinduced Phase Transitions in Liquid Crystalline Systems." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 436, no. 1 (2005): 83/[1037]—105/[1059]. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15421400590954524.

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10

Gryaznova, M. V., V. V. Danilov, Yu A. Kuznetsov, V. V. Ryl’kov, P. A. Shakhverdov, and A. I. Khrebtov. "Liquid-crystalline microlenses in optical limitation systems." Technical Physics Letters 27, no. 1 (2001): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1345164.

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11

Wexler, Carlos, and Orion Ciftja. "Liquid crystalline states in quantum Hall systems." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 14, no. 14 (2002): 3705–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/14/14/303.

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12

Kudla, Petra, Tobias Sokolowski, Bernhard Blümich, and Klaus-Peter Wittern. "Phase behavior of liquid–crystalline emulsion systems." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 349, no. 2 (2010): 554–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2010.05.085.

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13

Schulze, N., B. Tiersch, I. Zenke, and J. Koetz. "Polyampholyte-tuned lyotrop lamellar liquid crystalline systems." Colloid and Polymer Science 291, no. 11 (2013): 2551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00396-013-2999-5.

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14

WEXLER, CARLOS, and ORION CIFTJA. "NOVEL LIQUID CRYSTALLINE PHASES IN QUANTUM HALL SYSTEMS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 20, no. 07 (2006): 747–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979206033632.

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Since 1999, experiments have shown a plethora of surprising results in the low-temperature magnetotransport in intermediate regions between quantum Hall (QH) plateaus: the extreme anisotropies observed for half-filling, or the re-entrant integer QH effects at quarter filling of high Landau levels (LL); or even an apparent melting of a Wigner Crystal (WC) at filling factor ν = 1/7 of the lowest LL. A large body of seemingly distinct experimental evidence has been successfully interpreted in terms of liquid crystalline phases in the two-dimensional electron system (2DES). In this paper, we prese
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15

Windle, Alan. "Liquid Crystalline Polymers." MRS Bulletin 12, no. 8 (1987): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400066690.

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Not much more than a decade ago, the plastics industry viewed itself as a mature branch of the heavy chemical industry. Its raison d'être was the mass production of four or five main-line polymers, and profits were equated to tonnage output, plant efficiency, and clever downstream processing such as film blowing. The chemistry was essentially simple and the monomer, of course, cheap. There was, however, a spark of new thinking. A trend was developing toward the design and manufacture of more complex, more expensive polymers, with special properties which could command a special price. Such pro
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16

Pestov, S. M., and S. Yaghoubpour. "Thermodynamic Modelling of Systems Containing Liquid Crystalline Phenylbenzoates." Liquid Crystals and their Application 18, no. 1 (2018): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18083/lcappl.2018.1.30.

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17

Shibaev, Valery, Alexey Bobrovsky, and Natalia Boiko. "Light-responsive chiral photochromic liquid crystalline polymer systems." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 155, no. 1-3 (2003): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1010-6030(02)00364-7.

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18

Taylor, M. P., A. E. Berger, and J. Herzfeld. "Theory of Liquid Crystalline Phases in Amphiphilic Systems." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics 157, no. 1 (1988): 489–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268948808080251.

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19

Nebel, Grant E., and Gerald R. s. Van Hecke. "Equal G analysis of ternary liquid-crystalline systems." Liquid Crystals 5, no. 2 (1989): 601–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678298908045411.

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20

Hołyst, Robert, and Patrick Oswald. "Liquid-Crystalline Order in Polymer Systems: Basic Models." Macromolecular Theory and Simulations 10, no. 1 (2001): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3919(20010101)10:1<1::aid-mats1>3.0.co;2-d.

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21

Kötz, Joachim, Iris Brühl, Sabine Kosmella, Jürgen Reiche, and Brigitte Tiersch. "Polyelectrolyte Complex Formation in Lamellar Liquid Crystalline Systems." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 186, no. 1 (1997): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1996.4598.

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22

Longa, Lech, and Hans-Rainer Trebin. "Theory of Liquid Crystalline Phases in Biaxial Systems." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 212, no. 1 (1992): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10587259208037252.

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23

Patakfalvi, Rita, and Imre Dékány. "Preparation of silver nanoparticles in liquid crystalline systems." Colloid and Polymer Science 280, no. 5 (2002): 461–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00396-001-0629-0.

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24

Kobayashi, Takanori, Moriyuki Sato, Noboru Takeno, and Ken-Ichi Mukaida. "Compatibilizing effect of thermotropic liquid crystalline block-graft copolymer on liquid crystalline polycarbonate-polystyrene blend systems." European Polymer Journal 29, no. 12 (1993): 1625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(93)90256-f.

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25

Chen, Zhengfei, Tamar L. Greaves, Celesta Fong, Rachel A. Caruso, and Calum J. Drummond. "Lyotropic liquid crystalline phase behaviour in amphiphile–protic ionic liquid systems." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 14, no. 11 (2012): 3825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2cp23698b.

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26

Reppe, Tino, Silvio Poppe, Xiaoqian Cai, Yu Cao, Feng Liu, and Carsten Tschierske. "Spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking in benzil-based soft crystalline, cubic liquid crystalline and isotropic liquid phases." Chemical Science 11, no. 23 (2020): 5902–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sc01396j.

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27

Yamane, Hirokazu, Hirotsugu Kikuchi, and Tisato Kajiyama. "Bistable Electro-optical Fast Switching for Induced Smectic (Liquid Crystalline Polymer/Liquid Crystals) and (Pseudo Liquid Crystalline Copolymer/Liquid Crystals) Composite Systems." Macromolecules 30, no. 11 (1997): 3234–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma961754u.

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28

Furusho, Junji, and Naoyuki Takesue. "Research and Development of Functional Fluid Mechatronics, Rehabilitation Systems, and Mechatronics of Flexible Drive Systems." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 28, no. 1 (2016): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2016.p0005.

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[abstFig src='/00280001/01.jpg' width=""260"" text='PLEMO-P3 Developed by Furusho Lab at Osaka Univ.' ]We conducted many research and development activities on functional fluid mechatronics, rehabilitation systems, and servo drive systems. In this review, studies on the development of magnetorheological fluid devices, electrorheological effects of liquid crystalline polymers on one-sided pattern electrodes, and vibration control using control theory and liquid crystalline polymer are introduced. In addition, applications of rehabilitation systems for upper and lower extremities employing funct
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29

Silva, Silas Arandas Monteiro e., Rísia Lacerda, Jéssica Bernegossi, Marlus Chorilli, and Gislaine Ricci Leonardi. "Development of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems with olive vegetable oil for cutaneous application." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 52, no. 1 (2016): 211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502016000100023.

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ABSTRACT Liquid-Crystalline Systems represent active compounds delivery systems that may be able to overcome the physical barrier of the skin, especially represented by the stratum corneum. To obtain these systems, aqueous and oily components are used with surfactants. Of the different association structures in such systems, the liquid-crystalline offer numerous advantages to a topical product. This manuscript presents the development of liquid-crystalline systems consisting, in which the oil component is olive oil, its rheological characterizations, and the location of liquid crystals in its
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30

Chilaya, G., Z. Elashvili, D. Sikharulidze, S. Tavzarashvili, K. Tevdorashvili, and K. Vinokur. "Thermostabilized Electrooptical Liquid Crystalline Systems with Induced Chiral Structure." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 209, no. 1 (1991): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268949108036182.

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31

Petersen, Anne Ugleholdt, Martyn Jevric, Richard J. Mandle, et al. "Photoswitching of Dihydroazulene Derivatives in Liquid-Crystalline Host Systems." Chemistry - A European Journal 23, no. 21 (2017): 5090–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201700055.

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32

Festag, R., J. H. Wendorff, S. Birkel, and C. D. Eisenbach. "Monodisperse Liquid Crystalline Oligomer Systems with Controlled Dipolar Structure." Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie 97, no. 10 (1993): 1342–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbpc.19930971025.

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33

Clapper, Jason D., and C. Allan Guymon. "Nanostructured Hydrogels via Photopolymerization in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Systems." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 509, no. 1 (2009): 30/[772]—38/[780]. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15421400903065002.

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34

Reyes, J. A., M. P. Rosseto, L. R. Evangelista, R. R. Ribeiro de Almeida, and R. S. Zola. "Modulated phases as variational solutions in liquid-crystalline systems." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 657, no. 1 (2017): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15421406.2017.1403231.

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35

Volchek, B. Z., D. A. Medvedeva, A. V. Purkina, and S. V. Shilov. "Features of the orientation of thermotropic liquid crystalline systems." Polymer Science U.S.S.R. 32, no. 7 (1990): 1462–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3950(90)90117-o.

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36

Grabchev, Ivo, and Jean-Marc Chovelon. "Photophysical and Photochemical Properties of Green Fluorescent Liquid Crystalline Systems." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 58, no. 1 (2003): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2003-0107.

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The photophysical properties of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal systems, containing naphthalimide dye as fluorescent units are reported. Investigations have been carried out on some 1,8- naphtalimide derivatives both in isotropic and anisotropic media, and their photophysal properties have been described. The orientational order parameters of the dyes in nematic liquid crystal ZLI 1840 have been determined. The photostability of the dye/liquid crystal systems has been investigated and the effect that the substituents in the naphthalimide structure have upon the orientation of the dye was disc
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37

Roman, Maren, Annett Kaeding-Koppers, and Peter Zugenmaier. "Mixed-dimer formation in binary systems of 4-substituted benzoic acids and structure considerations." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 86, no. 6 (2008): 525–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v08-008.

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The phase behavior of binary systems of 4-substituted benzoic acids is governed by the formation of mixed dimers. This study was conducted to determine the effect of the components’ structural difference on mixed-dimer formation in crystalline and liquid-crystalline phases. The phase diagrams of two systems, with 4-[(S)-(–)-2-methylbutoxy]benzoic acid (MBOBA) as one component and 4-(hex-5-enoxy)benzoic acid (HOBA) and 4-(dec-9-enoxy)benzoic acid (DOBA), respectively, as the second component, were determined by differential scanning calorimetry, polarized-light microscopy, and X-ray diffraction
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38

Shieh, P. C., and J. M. Howe. "Investigation of the atomic structure of crystal/amorphous interfaces in Pd80Si20 Alloy by HRTEM and image simulations." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 4 (1990): 114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100173704.

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Determining the atomic structures of solid/liquid interfaces is important for understanding mechanisms of solidification of crystalline materials. To date, research in this area has largely been theoretical in nature because of the difficulty of determining the atomic structure of a solid/liquid interface experimentally. This study has employed HRTEM and image simulations to investigate the atomic structure of crystalline/amorphous interfaces in directionally crystallized Pd80Si20 amorphous ribbons. The crystalline/amorphous interface is similar to a solid/liquid interface in many respects. Th
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39

Wang, Ji Wei, Jun Qing Zi, Li Xian He, Guang Yong Chen, and Yan Zhong Yang. "Effect of Two Diferrent Mesogens on Liquid-Crystalline Properties of Chiral Side-Chain Liquid-Crystalline Polysiloxanes." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 1395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.1395.

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Abstract. A series of liquid crystalline polysiloxanes were synthesized by cholesteric LC monomer and nematic LC monomer. The chemical structures and liquid-crystalline properties of the monomers and polymers were characterized by various experimental techniques including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (1H-NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) , X-ray diffraction measurements (XRD) and polarizing optical microscopy (POM). All the liquid crystalline polymers showed liquid crystalline properties with wide mes
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40

Braun, Dietrich, Gerhard Frick, Martin Grell, Michael Klimes, and Joachim H. Wendorff. "Liquid crystal/liquid-crystalline network composite systems Structure formation and electro-optic properties." Liquid Crystals 11, no. 6 (1992): 929–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678299208030696.

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41

Kowacz, Magdalena, José M. S. S. Esperança, and Luís Paulo N. Rebelo. "Spontaneous emulsification in ionic liquid/water systems and its use for templating of solids." Soft Matter 10, no. 21 (2014): 3798–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4sm00213j.

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42

Matroniani, Renato, and Shu Hui Wang. "Thermal degradation of polymer systems having liquid crystalline oligoester segment." Polímeros 27, no. 4 (2017): 280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-1428.2423.

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43

Lee, Jaehwi, and Ian W. Kellaway. "In vitro peptide release from liquid crystalline buccal delivery systems." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 195, no. 1-2 (2000): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(99)00356-7.

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44

Fehér, A., and E. Csányi;I Erös. "In situ forming lyotropic liquid crystalline systems containing metronidazole-benzoate." Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology 15, no. 5 (2005): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1773-2247(05)50063-7.

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45

Muresan, A. S., B. I. Ostrovskii, A. Sánchez-Ferrer, H. Finkelmann, and W. H. de Jeu. "Main-chain smectic liquid-crystalline polymers as randomly disordered systems." European Physical Journal E 19, no. 4 (2006): 385–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2005-10077-7.

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46

Shibaev, V. P. "Liquid-crystalline polymer systems: From the past to the present." Polymer Science Series A 56, no. 6 (2014): 727–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0965545x14060091.

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47

Bitan-Cherbakovsky, Liron, Dima Libster, Abraham Aserin, and Nissim Garti. "Complex Dendrimer–Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Systems: Structural Behavior and Interactions." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 115, no. 42 (2011): 11984–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp2030939.

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48

Sekine, Tomoko, Yoichi Takanishi, Teruki Niori, Junji Watanabe, and Hideo Takezoe. "Ferroelectric Properties in Banana-Shaped Achiral Liquid Crystalline Molecular Systems." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 36, Part 2, No. 9A/B (1997): L1201—L1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.36.l1201.

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49

Tanaka, Y., Y. Hiramatsu, and S. Matsuo. "Phase Equilibria in Binary Liquid Crystalline Systems under High Pressure." REVIEW OF HIGH PRESSURE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 7 (1998): 1168–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.7.1168.

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50

Yu, Yingfeng, Wenjun Gan, Xiaoyun Liu, and Shanjun Li. "Liquid crystalline epoxy resin modified cyanate ester/epoxy resin systems." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 109, no. 5 (2008): 2964–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.28358.

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