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Journal articles on the topic 'Liquide non newtonien'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Shimanovsky, Alexandr, Maryna Kuzniatsova, and Alžbeta Sapietová. "Modeling of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Liquid Sloshing in Road Tanks while Braking." Applied Mechanics and Materials 611 (August 2014): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.611.137.

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Finite element modeling of the Newtonian and non Newtonian liquids oscillations in the cylindrical transport reservoir at its braking was performed. The peculiarities of the Newtonian, Ostwald de Waele and Bingham models of liquid sloshing in tank with internal perforated baffles and without them were analyzed. There were obtained the dependences of hydrodynamic pressures and liquid energy dissipation for Newtonian and non Newtonian liquids considering the different filling level of the reservoir.

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2

Kumar Jana, Sumit, and Sudip Kumar Das. "TAPERED BUBBLE COLUMN USING PSEUDOPLASTIC NON-NEWTONIAN LIQUIDS – EMPIRICAL CORRELATION FOR PRESSURE DROP." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 11, no. 3 (August 28, 2017): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht11.03.327.

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3

Baytulenov, Zh B. "A modification of the method of fictitious domains for stationary model of non-Newtonian liquids." International Journal of Mathematics and Physics 6, no. 2 (2015): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/2218-7987-2015-6-2-16-22.

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4

Venkatachalam, Sivakumar, Akilamudhan Palaniappan, Senthilkumar Kandasamy, and Kannan Kandasamy. "Prediction of gas holdup in a combined loop air lift fluidized bed reactor using Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 17, no. 3 (2011): 375–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq110401024v.

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Many experiments have been conducted to study the hydrodynamic characteristics of column reactors and loop reactors. In this present work a novel combined loop airlift fluidized bed reactor was developed to study, the effect of superficial gas and liquid velocities, particle diameter, fluid properties on gas holdup by using Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids. Compressed air was used as gas phase. Water, 5% n-butanol, various concentrations of glycerol (60 % and 80 %) were used as Newtonian liquids, different concentrations of Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (0.25 %, 0.6 % and 1.0 %) aqueous solutions were used as non-Newtonian liquids. Different sizes of Spheres, Bearl saddles and Raschig rings were used as solid phases. From the experimental results it was found that the increase in superficial gas velocity increases the gas holdup, but it decreases with increase in superficial liquid velocity and viscosity of liquids. Based on the experimental results a correlation was developed to predict the gas holdup for Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids for a wide range of operating conditions at a homogeneous flow regime where the superficial gas velocity is approximately less than 5 cm/s.

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5

Yoshida, Masanori, Hitoshi Igarashi, Kento Iwasaki, Sayaka Fuse, and Aya Togashi. "Evaluation of Viscosity of Non-Newtonian Liquid Foods with a Flow Tube Instrument." International Journal of Food Engineering 11, no. 6 (December 1, 2015): 815–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2015-0138.

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Abstract In a flow tube instrument modeled after a structurally simple and easy-to-use bubble viscometer, bubble ascent and liquid flow were examined to evaluate the physically defined viscosity of non-Newtonian liquid foods. For Newtonian and non-Newtonian test liquids, a dimensionless expression between the friction coefficient and Reynolds number, which was derived through analysis as an annular flow of liquid around bubble, indicated that the flow in the instrument was laminar. Prediction organized based on the empirical relation was advanced for evaluation of the non-Newtonian viscosity. The flow tube instrument was expected to be applicable to the conditions in drinking and eating, from a viewpoint of the characteristic shear rate ranging from 10 to 100 s−1.

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6

Abukhalifeh, H., M. E. Fayed, and R. Dhib. "Hydrodynamics of TBC with non-Newtonian liquids: Liquid holdup." Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification 48, no. 7 (July 2009): 1222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2009.04.007.

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7

SH. AKHATOV, I., M. M. KHASANOV, and I. G. KHUSAINOV. "AUTO- AND CHAOTIC OSCILLATIONS IN HYDRODYNAMICS OF NON-NEWTONIAN LIQUIDS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 03, no. 04 (August 1993): 1039–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127493000854.

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A new approach for the description of the rheological behavior of non-Newtonian liquids (clay solutions, polymer solutions, paraffin containing oil) is developed. By this approach the hydrodynamic phenomena in non-Newtonian liquids depend on the nonlinear kinetics of destruction-reconstruction processes for connecting links between the structural elements of the medium. The mathematical model is based on a respective phenomenological nonlinear kinetic equation. For the description of the nonsteady motion of such liquids between the walls of a rotary viscometer, this equation is supplemented with the equation of motion of the liquid and the equation of motion of the mobile cylinder of the viscometer. A numerical analysis of the dependence of the solutions of this system on the number of revolutions per minute is made. According to this analysis auto- and chaotic oscillations of rotary viscometer readings are the consequence of the joint action of kinetic phenomena in the liquid and inertial properties of the mobile part of the viscometer. The numerical results are qualitatively compared with the experimental data.

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8

Lee, Si-Hyung, Hyun-Jung Koh, Seo-Hoon Shim, Hyun-Wook Jung, and Jae-Chun Hyun. "An Optimal Die Design for the Coating Uniformity of Non-Newtonian Liquids in Slot Coating Process." Korean Chemical Engineering Research 49, no. 3 (June 30, 2011): 314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.9713/kcer.2011.49.3.314.

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9

KOPLIK, JOEL, and JAYANTH R. BANAVAR. "MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS OF NON-NEWTONIAN EXTENSIONAL FLUID FLOWS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 17, no. 01n02 (January 20, 2003): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979203017047.

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We discuss the use of molecular dynamics computer simulations in the extensional flow dynamics of polymeric, non-Newtonian liquids. The molecular model consists of Lennard-Jones monomers bound into linear chains by FENE potentials, a system known to exhibit characteristic non-Newtonian behavior such as shear thinning and normal stress differences. Here, we simulate liquid bridge flows in which cylinders of such liquids are placed between solid plates and extended to the point of rupture. Measurements of the local fluid stress tensor and interface shape provide information on extensional viscosity and rheology, coupled to microscopic information based on the evolution of molecular configurations. The simulations are in good agreement with laboratory data and with the results of macroscopic numerical calculations where available, but provide new and detailed information on the internal dynamics of liquids in extensional flow.

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10

Bair, Scott. "Elastohydrodynamic Film Forming With Shear Thinning Liquids." Journal of Tribology 120, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2834405.

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Recent advances in high pressure rheometry have elucidated the shear response of liquid lubricants at the high shear stress characteristic of the traction generating region of lubricated concentrated contacts. These new measurement techniques are used to characterize the shear response of shear thinning liquids at low (<10 MPa) shear stress. A recently developed numerical scheme for calculating film thickness is extended to accommodate sliding. Film thickness predictions are compared with measurements using shear thinning liquids including a polymer/mineral oil blend, a highly elastic liquid, and synthetic base oils. Useful insights are provided concerning the effects of pressure-viscosity behavior for Newtonian liquids, sliding, and starvation for non-Newtonian liquids and the relevant shear stress for film forming.

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11

Wichterle, Kamil, and Pavel Mitschka. "Relative Shear Deformation of Non-Newtonian Liquidsin Impeller Induced Flow." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 63, no. 12 (1998): 2092–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19982092.

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Flow induced by rotating bodies is studied from the viewpoint of the shear of liquid particles. By solution of the boundary layer equations for Newtonian and power-law non-Newtonian liquids at a rotating disc, a typical velocity field was obtained. The shear distribution of particles leaving the disc edge shows that the most important deformation occurs in the boundary layer. Distribution of shear from the viewpoint of the volume flow rate is also presented. Application of the results to the prediction of particle-breakup dynamics at rotating impellers is discussed.

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12

Brown, S. W. J., and P. R. Williams. "Bubble collapse and liquid jet formation in non-newtonian liquids." AIChE Journal 45, no. 12 (December 1999): 2653–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690451222.

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13

Wilson, S. D. R. "The Taylor–Saffman problem for a non-Newtonian liquid." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 220 (November 1990): 413–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112090003329.

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The Taylor–Saffman problem concerns the fingering instability which develops when one liquid displaces another, more viscous, liquid in a porous medium, or equivalently for Newtonian liquids, in a Hele-Shaw cell. Recent experiments with Hele-Shaw cells using non-Newtonian liquids have shown striking qualitative differences in the fingering pattern, which for these systems branches repeatedly in a manner resembling the growth of a fractal. This paper is an attempt to provide the beginnings of a hydrodynamical theory of this instability by repeating the analysis of Taylor & Saffman using a more general constitutive model. In fact two models are considered; the Oldroyd ‘Fluid B’ model which exhibits elasticity but not shear thinning, and the Ostwald–de Waele power-law model with the opposite combination. Of the two, only the Oldroyd model shows qualitatively new effects, in the form of a kind of resonance which can produce sharply increasing (in fact unbounded) growth rates as the relaxation time of the fluid increases. This may be a partial explanation of the observations on polymer solutions; the similar behaviour reported for clay pastes and slurries is not explained by shear-thinning and may involve a finite yield stress, which is not incorporated into either of the models considered here.

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14

Matthujak, Anirut, Chaidet Kasamnimitporn, Wuttichai Sittiwong, and Kulachate Pianthong. "Visualization of Supersonic Non-Newtonian Liquid Jets." Applied Mechanics and Materials 187 (June 2012): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.187.63.

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This paper describes the characteristics of supersonic non-Newtonian liquid jets injected in ambient air. The main focus is to visualize three types of time-independent non-Newtonian liquid jet and to describe their behaviors. Moreover, comparisons between their dynamic behaviors with Newtonian liquid jet are reported. The supersonic liquid jets are generated by impact driven method in a horizontal single-stage power gun. Jets have been visualized by the high speed digital video camera and shadowgraph method. Effects of different liquid types on the jet penetration distance, average jet velocity and other characteristics have been examined. From shadowgraph images, the unique dynamic behaviors of each non-Newtonian liquid jets are observed and found obviously different from that of the Newtonian liquid jet. The maximum average jet velocity of 1,802.18 m/s (Mach no. 5.30) has been obtained. The jet penetration distance and average velocity are significantly varied when the liquid types are different.

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15

Jeyakumar, Manickaraj, and Sumanth Shankar. "Rheology of Liquid Al, Zn and Zn-7wt%Al Systems." Materials Science Forum 690 (June 2011): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.690.226.

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The flow behavior and viscosity of pure aluminum, zinc and Zn-7wt%Al liquids were quantified with the effects of temperature and shear rate by rotational rheometry experiments. These systems exhibited a non-Newtonian, shear thinning and non-thixotropic flow behavior where in the liquid metal viscosity decreases with increasing shear rates. The temperature dependence of viscosity followed the Arrhenius equation. Moreover, at high shear rate regimes the flow resembles a nearly Newtonian behaviour.

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16

Broniarz-Press, Lubomira, and Karol Pralat. "Thermal conductivity of Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 52, no. 21-22 (October 2009): 4701–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.06.019.

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17

BRUSH, L. N., and S. M. ROPER. "The thinning of lamellae in surfactant-free foams with non-Newtonian liquid phase." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 616 (December 10, 2008): 235–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112008003790.

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Thinning rates of liquid lamellae in surfactant-free non-Newtonian gas–liquid foams, appropriate for ceramic or polymer melts and also in metals near the melting point, are derived in two dimensions by matched asymptotic analysis valid at small capillary number. The liquid viscosity is modelled (i) as a power-law function of the shear rate and (ii) by the Ellis law. Equations governing gas–liquid interface dynamics and variations in liquid viscosity are derived within the lamellar, transition and plateau border regions of a corner of the liquid surrounding a gas bubble. The results show that the viscosity varies primarily in the very short transition region lying between the lamellar and the Plateau border regions where the shear rates can become very large. In contrast to a foam with Newtonian liquid, the matching condition which determines the rate of lamellar thinning is non-local. In all cases considered, calculated lamellar thinning rates exhibit an initial transient thinning regime, followed by a t−2 power-law thinning regime, similar to the behaviour seen in foams with Newtonian liquid phase. In semi-arid foam, in which the liquid fraction is O(1) in the small capillary number, results explicitly show that for both the power-law and Ellis-law model of viscosity, the thinning of lamella in non-Newtonian and Newtonian foams is governed by the same equation, from which scaling laws can be deduced. This result is consistent with recently published experimental results on forced foam drainage. However, in an arid foam, which has much smaller volume fraction of liquid resulting in an increase in the Plateau border radius of curvature as lamellar thinning progresses, the scaling law depends on the material and the thinning rate is not independent of the liquid viscosity model parameters. Calculations of thinning rates, viscosities, pressures, interface shapes and shear rates in the transition region are presented using data for real liquids from the literature. Although for shear-thinning fluids the power-law viscosity becomes infinite at the boundaries of the internal transition region where the shear rate is zero, the interface shape, the pressure and the internal shear rates calculated by both rheological models are indistinguishable.

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18

Fyrippi, I., I. Owen, and M. P. Escudier. "Flowmetering of non-Newtonian liquids." Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 15, no. 3 (June 2004): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2003.12.002.

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19

Yagodnitsyna, Anna, Alexander Kovalev, and Artur Bilsky. "Liquid–Liquid Flows with Non-Newtonian Dispersed Phase in a T-Junction Microchannel." Micromachines 12, no. 3 (March 22, 2021): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12030335.

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Immiscible liquid–liquid flows in microchannels are used extensively in various chemical and biological lab-on-a-chip systems when it is very important to predict the expected flow pattern for a variety of fluids and channel geometries. Commonly, biological and other complex liquids express non-Newtonian properties in a dispersed phase. Features and behavior of such systems are not clear to date. In this paper, immiscible liquid–liquid flow in a T-shaped microchannel was studied by means of high-speed visualization, with an aim to reveal the shear-thinning effect on the flow patterns and slug-flow features. Three shear-thinning and three Newtonian fluids were used as dispersed phases, while Newtonian castor oil was a continuous phase. For the first time, the influence of the non-Newtonian dispersed phase on the transition from segmented to continuous flow is shown and quantitatively described. Flow-pattern maps were constructed using nondimensional complex We0.4·Oh0.6 depicting similarity in the continuous-to-segmented flow transition line. Using available experimental data, the proposed nondimensional complex is shown to be effectively applied for flow-pattern map construction when the continuous phase exhibits non-Newtonian properties as well. The models to evaluate an effective dynamic viscosity of a shear-thinning fluid are discussed. The most appropriate model of average-shear-rate estimation based on bulk velocity was chosen and applied to evaluate an effective dynamic viscosity of a shear-thinning fluid. For a slug flow, it was found that in the case of shear-thinning dispersed phase at low flow rates of both phases, a jetting regime of slug formation was established, leading to a dramatic increase in slug length.

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20

Naseva, Olivera, Ivica Stamenkovic, Ivana Bankovic-Ilic, Miodrag Lazic, Vlada Veljkovic, and Dejan Skala. "Gas holdup in a reciprocating plate bioreactor: Non-Newtonian - liquid phase." Chemical Industry 56, no. 5 (2002): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0205198n.

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The gas holdup was studied in non-newtonian liquids in a gas-liquid and gas-liquid-solid reciprocating plate bioreactor. Aqueous solutions of carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC; Lucel, Lucane, Yugoslavia) of different degrees of polymerization (PP 200 and PP 1000) and concentration (0,5 and 1%), polypropylene spheres (diameter 8.3 mm; fraction of spheres: 3.8 and 6.6% by volume) and air were used as the liquid, solid and gas phase. The gas holdup was found to be dependent on the vibration rate, the superficial gas velocity, volume fraction of solid particles and Theological properties of the liquid ohase. Both in the gas-liquid and gas-liquid-solid systems studied, the gas holdup increased with increasing vibration rate and gas flow rate. The gas holdup was higher in three-phase systems than in two-phase ones under otter operating conditions being the same. Generally the gas holdup increased with increasing the volume fraction of solid particles, due to the dispersion action of the solid particles, and decreased with increasing non-Newtonian behaviour (decreasing flow index) i.e. with increasing degree of polymerization and solution concentration of CMC applied, as a result of gas bubble coalescence.

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21

Aghajani, M., H. Müller-Steinhagen, and M. Jamialahmadi. "Experimental Results and Models for Solid/Liquid Fluidized Beds Involving Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Liquids." Developments in Chemical Engineering and Mineral Processing 12, no. 3-4 (May 15, 2008): 403–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.5500120415.

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22

Ogawa, Akira, Suguru Tokiwa, Masatoshi Mutou, Kazutaka Mogi, Tonau Sugawara, Masahide Watanabe, Kouhei Satou, Toshikazu Kikawada, Keitarou Shishido, and Naoya Matumoto. "Damped oscillation of liquid column in vertical U-tube for Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids." Journal of Thermal Science 16, no. 4 (November 2007): 289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11630-007-0289-6.

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23

Moreira, Ana I., Luís A. M. Rocha, João Carneiro, José D. P. Araújo, João B. L. M. Campos, and João M. Miranda. "Isolated Taylor Bubbles in Co-Current with Shear Thinning CMC Solutions in Microchannels—A Numerical Study." Processes 8, no. 2 (February 20, 2020): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8020242.

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Slug flow is a multiphase flow pattern characterized by the occurrence of long gas bubbles (Taylor bubbles) separated by liquid slugs. This multiphase flow regime is present in many and diversified natural and industrial processes, at macro and microscales, such as in eruption of volcanic magmas, oil recovery from pre-salt regions, micro heat exchangers, and small-sized refrigerating systems. Previous studies in the literature have been mostly focused on tubular gas bubbles flowing in Newtonian liquids. In this work, results from several numerical simulations of tubular gas bubbles flowing in a shear thinning liquid in microchannels are reported. To simulate the shear thinning behavior, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) solutions with different concentrations were considered. The results are compared with data from bubbles flowing in Newtonian liquids in identical geometric and dynamic conditions. The numerical work was carried out in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package Ansys Fluent (release 16.2.0) employing the volume of fluid (VOF) methodology to track the volume fraction of each phase and the continuum surface force (CSF) model to insert the surface tension effects. The flow patterns, the viscosity distribution in the liquid, the liquid film thickness between the bubble and the wall, and the bubbles shape are analyzed for a wide range of shear rates. In general, the flow patterns are similar to those in Newtonian liquids, but in the film, where a high viscosity region is observed, the thickness is smaller. Bubble velocities are smaller for the non-Newtonian cases.

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24

Roumpea, Evangelia, Maxime Chinaud, and Panagiota Angeli. "Experimental investigations of non-Newtonian/Newtonian liquid-liquid flows in microchannels." AIChE Journal 63, no. 8 (March 27, 2017): 3599–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.15704.

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25

Koupa, Angeliki, Yorgos Stergiou, and Aikaterini Mouza. "Free-Flowing Shear-Thinning Liquid Film in Inclined μ-Channels." Fluids 4, no. 1 (January 10, 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids4010008.

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Among the most important variables in the design of falling film microreactors (FFMRs) is the liquid film thickness as well as the gas/liquid interfacial area, which dictate the mass and heat transfer rates. In a previous work conducted in our lab the characteristics of a free-falling Newtonian liquid film have been studied and appropriate correlations have been proposed. In this work the geometrical characteristics of a non-Newtonian shear thinning liquid, flowing in an inclined open microchannel, have been experimentally investigated and design correlations that can predict with reasonable accuracy the features of a FFMR have been proposed. The test section used was an open μ-channel with square cross section (WO = 1200 μm) made of brass which can be set to various inclination angles. The liquid film characteristics were measured by a non-intrusive technique that is based on the features of a micro Particle Image Velocimetry (μ-PIV) system. Relevant computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations revealed that the volume average dynamic viscosity over the flow domain is practically the same as the corresponding asymptotic viscosity value, which can thus be used in the proposed design equations. Finally, a generalized algorithm for the design of FFMRs, containing non-Newtonian shear thinning liquids, is suggested.

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26

Favelukis, Moshe, and Ramon J. Albalak. "Bubble growth in viscous newtonian and non-newtonian liquids." Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal 63, no. 3 (September 1996): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0923-0467(96)03119-3.

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27

Dziubiński, M., and A. Marcinkowski. "Discharge of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Liquids from Tanks." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 84, no. 12 (December 2006): 1194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/cherd.05138.

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28

Vélez-Cordero, J. Rodrigo, Johanna Lantenet, Juan Hernández-Cordero, and Roberto Zenit. "Compact bubble clusters in Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids." Physics of Fluids 26, no. 5 (May 2014): 053101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4874630.

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29

Potůček, František, and Jiří Stejskal. "Oxygen absorption into Ellis liquid in a bead column." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 54, no. 7 (1989): 1795–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19891795.

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Liquid side mass transfer coefficient was measured for absorption of oxygen in non-Newtonian liquids. The experiments were carried out in a laboratory absorption bead column in which the liquid flowed over a single vertical row of spheres without vertical spaces between elements and/or with spaces of 0.2 cm between elements. The results were described by correlation equations involving dimensionless groups modified for Ellis flow model.

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30

Ratkovich, N., C. C. V. Chan, P. R. Bérubé, and I. Nopens. "Investigation of the effect of viscosity on slug flow in airlift tubular membranes in search of a sludge surrogate." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 7 (April 1, 2010): 1801–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.118.

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The behaviour of three different liquid-gas slug flows (water, carboxymethyl cellulose and activated sludge) in a vertical tube was studied using a high speed camera (HSC). Experiments were performed using different flow rates and two tube diameters (6.3 and 9.9 mm). The observed difference in behaviour of the ascending gas slugs can be explained by the difference in viscosity of the fluids (Newtonian and non-Newtonian). Moreover, it was observed that the degree of coalescence of gas slugs is lower for non-Newtonian liquids and they behave like a succession of slugs without actually coalescing into a single larger gas slug. Finally, gas slug rising velocities were also extracted, but no subsequent difference in the rising velocities of the different fluids was found.

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31

Xipeng, Zheng, Wang Le, Jia Xiaoxuan, Xiang Wenchuan, and Yang Shunsheng. "Numerical Simulation of Gas-Liquid Flow in a Bubble Column by Intermittent Aeration in Newtonian Liquid/Non-Newtonian Liquid." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018 (November 6, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5254087.

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The dynamic behaviors of gas-liquid two-phase flow were simulated in a lab-scale intermittent bubble column by Euler-Euler two-fluid model coupled with the PBM (population balance model) using two different liquid phases, i.e., Newtonian fluid (water)/non-Newtonian fluid (activated sludge). When non-Newtonian fluid was used during intermittent aeration, some interesting results were obtained. Two symmetric vortexes existed in the time-averaged flow field; the vertical time-averaged velocity of the liquid phase decreased with increasing anaerobic time; the average gas holdup distribution was like a trapezoid with long upper side and short lower side and affected by the dynamic viscosity of the liquid phase. Compared with non-Newtonian fluid, the use of Newtonian fluid as the liquid phase led to a more complicated time-averaged flow field structure and vertical time-averaged velocity distribution, higher average gas holdup, and the asymmetric column-shaped gas holdup distribution with increasing anaerobic time. For different liquid phases, the instantaneous flow field, instantaneous vertical velocity, and instantaneous gas holdup distribution all periodically changed with anaerobic time; however, different from Newtonian liquid phase, non-Newtonian liquid phase had no periodic oscillating instantaneous horizontal velocity.

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32

Hartranft, Thomas J., and Gary S. Settles. "SHEET ATOMIZATION OF NON-NEWTONIAN LIQUIDS." Atomization and Sprays 13, no. 2-3 (2003): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/atomizspr.v13.i23.30.

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33

Girardo, Salvatore, Roberto Cingolani, and Dario Pisignano. "Microfluidic Rheology of Non-Newtonian Liquids." Analytical Chemistry 79, no. 15 (August 2007): 5856–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac062405t.

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34

Brujan, E. A., and P. R. Williams. "Cavitation Phenomena in Non-Newtonian Liquids." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 84, no. 4 (April 2006): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/cherd05054.

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35

Townsend, P., and K. Walters. "Expansion flows on non-newtonian liquids." Chemical Engineering Science 49, no. 5 (1994): 748–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(94)85020-8.

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36

Heyes, D. M. "Non-Newtonian behaviour of simple liquids." Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 21, no. 2 (January 1986): 137–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-0257(86)80032-5.

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37

Das, Bimal, Uma Prasad Ganguly, and Sudip Kumar Das. "Inverse fluidization using non-Newtonian liquids." Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification 49, no. 11 (November 2010): 1169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2010.08.018.

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38

Potůček, František, and Jiří Stejskal. "Absorption of oxygen into solutions of polymers." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 10 (1986): 2127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19862127.

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Absorption of oxygen into water and aqueous solutions of poly(acrylamides) was studied in an absorber with a wetted sphere. The effects of changes in the liquid flow rate and the polymer concentration on the liquid side mass transfer coefficient were examined. The results are expressed by correlations between dimensionless criteria modified for non-Newtonian liquids whose flow curve can be described by the Ostwald-de Waele model.

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McNeil, D. A., A. J. Addlesee, and A. Stuart. "Newtonian and non-Newtonian viscous flows in nozzles." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 214, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 1425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406001523399.

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A study of laminar, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in nozzles has been undertaken. A theoretical model, previously deduced for Newtonian flows in expansions, was developed for Newtonian and non-Newtonian flows in nozzles. The model is based on a two-stream approach where the momentum and kinetic energy stored in the velocity profile of the fluid is altered by an area change of one stream relative to the other. The non-Newtonian liquids investigated were shear thinning. The model was used to investigate these non-Newtonian fluids and to justify the use of simpler, more approximate equations developed for the loss and flow coefficients. The model is compared favourably with data available in the open literature.

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Das, Sudip Kumar, Manindra Nath Biswas, and Arun Kumar Mitra. "Non-newtonian liquid flow in bends." Chemical Engineering Journal 45, no. 3 (February 1991): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9467(91)80016-p.

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Vihacencu, M. S., P. V. Notingher, T. Paillat, and S. Jarny. "Flow electrification phenomenon for newtonian and non-newtonian liquids: influence of liquid conductivity, viscosity and shear stress." IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 21, no. 2 (April 2014): 693–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdei.2013.004423.

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Shan, Jie, and Xiaojun Zhou. "The Effect of Bubbles on Particle Migration in Non-Newtonian Fluids." Separations 8, no. 4 (March 24, 2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations8040036.

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The movement of the gas–liquid interface caused by the movement of the bubble position will have an impact on the starting conditions for particle migration. This article quantifies the influence of moving bubbles on the starting conditions of particle migration in non-Newtonian fluids, and it aims to better understand the influence of bubbles moving in non-Newtonian fluids on particle migration to achieve more effective control. First, the forces and moments acting on the particles are analyzed; then, fluid dynamics, non-Newtonian fluid mechanics, extended DLVO (Derjaguin Landau Verwey Overbeek theory), surface tension, and friction are applied on the combined effects of particle migration. Then, we reasonably predict the influence of gas–liquid interface movement on particle migration in non-Newtonian fluids. The theoretical results show that the movement of the gas–liquid interface in non-Newtonian fluids will increase the separation force acting on the particles, which will lead to particle migration. Second, we carry out the particle migration experiment of moving bubbles in non-Newtonian fluid. Experiments show that when the solid–liquid two-phase flow is originally stable, particle migration occurs after the bubble movement is added. This phenomenon shows that the non-Newtonian fluid with bubble motion has stronger particle migration ability. Although there are some errors, the experimental results basically support the theoretical data.

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Choi, Jae-Hyeok, Kay K. Kanazawa, and Nam-Joon Cho. "Effect of a Non-Newtonian Load on SignatureS2for Quartz Crystal Microbalance Measurements." Journal of Sensors 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/373528.

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The quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is increasingly used for monitoring the interfacial interaction between surfaces and macromolecules such as biomaterials, polymers, and metals. Recent QCM applications deal with several types of liquids with various viscous macromolecule compounds, which behave differently from Newtonian liquids. To properly monitor such interactions, it is crucial to understand the influence of the non-Newtonian fluid on the QCM measurement response. As a quantitative indicator of non-Newtonian behavior, we used the quartz resonator signature,S2, of the QCM measurement response, which has a consistent value for Newtonian fluids. We then modified De Kee’s non-Newtonian three-parameter model to apply it to our prediction ofS2values for non-Newtonian liquids. As a model, we chose polyethylene glycol (PEG400) with the titration of its volume concentration in deionized water. As the volume concentration of PEG400 increased, theS2value decreased, confirming that the modified De Kee’s three-parameter model can predict the change inS2value. Collectively, the findings presented herein enable the application of the quartz resonator signature,S2, to verify QCM measurement analysis in relation to a wide range of experimental subjects that may exhibit non-Newtonian behavior, including polymers and biomaterials.

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Aminzadeh, M., A. Maleki, B. Firoozabadi, and H. Afshin. "On the motion of Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquid drops." Scientia Iranica 19, no. 5 (October 2012): 1265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scient.2011.09.022.

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Johnson, William L., Marios D. Demetriou, John S. Harmon, Mary L. Lind, and Konrad Samwer. "Rheology and Ultrasonic Properties of Metallic Glass-Forming Liquids: A Potential Energy Landscape Perspective." MRS Bulletin 32, no. 8 (August 2007): 644–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2007.127.

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AbstractIn the potential energy landscape theory of liquids, the energetic configurational landscape of a liquid is modeled using a potential energy function comprising a population of stable potential energy minima called inherent states, which represent the stable atomic configurations of the liquid. These configurations are separated by saddle points that represent barriers for configurational hopping between the inherent states. In this article, we survey recent progress in understanding metallic glass-forming liquids from a potential energy landscape perspective. Flow is modeled as activated hopping between inherent states across energy barriers that are assumed to be, on average, sinusoidal. This treatment gives rise to a functional relation between viscosity and isoconfigurational shear modulus, leading to rheological laws describing the Newtonian and non-Newtonian viscosity of metallic glass-forming liquids over a broad range of rheological behavior. High-frequency ultrasonic data gathered within the supercooled-liquid region are shown to correlate well with rheological data, thus confirming the validity of the proposed treatment. Variations in shear modulus induced either by thermal excitation or mechanical deformation can be correlated to variations in the measured stored enthalpy or equivalently to the configurational potential energy of the liquid. This shows that the elastic and rheological properties of a liquid or glass are uniquely related to the average potential energy of the occupied inherent states.

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Sørensen, Lasse, Thomas Ruby Bentzen, and Kristian Thaarup Skov. "Development of low-cost rotational rheometer." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 5 (December 26, 2014): 685–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.530.

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Liquids with non-Newtonian properties are presented in many engineering areas, as for example in membrane bioreactors where active sludge exhibits shear thinning properties. Therefore, the ability to determine the rheology's dependence on shear is important when optimising systems with such liquids. However, rheometers capable of determining the viscosity are often expensive and so a cheaper alternative is constructed with this exact capability. Using the principle of rotating rheometers, a low-cost rheometer was built to determine the rheology of Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids. The general principles and background assumptions and the physics are described. The rheometer was calibrated by comparison with measurements conducted on a Brookfield viscometer for Newtonian liquids. For validation measurements on non-Newtonian liquids, xanthan gum solutions were made and compared with measurements on the Brookfield viscometer and with values from other sources. Furthermore, the effect of excluding the different shear rates in the system is discussed and good practice hereto is given.

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Devine, W. D., Y. T. Shah, and B. I. Morsi. "Liquid phase axial mixing in a bubble column with viscous non-newtonian liquids." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 63, no. 2 (April 1985): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450630204.

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Philip, J., J. M. Proctor, K. Niranjan, and J. F. Davidson. "Gas hold-up and liquid circulation in internal loop reactors containing highly viscous newtonian and non-newtonian liquids." Chemical Engineering Science 45, no. 3 (1990): 651–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(90)87008-g.

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Ramana Reddy, J. V., V. Sugunamma, and N. Sandeep. "Simultaneous impacts of Joule heating and variable heat source/sink on MHD 3D flow of Carreau-nanoliquids with temperature dependent viscosity." Nonlinear Engineering 8, no. 1 (January 28, 2019): 356–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nleng-2017-0132.

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Abstract The 3D flow of non-Newtonian nanoliquid flows past a bidirectional stretching sheet with heat transfer is investigated in the present study. It is assumed that viscosity of the liquid varies with temperature. Carreau non-Newtonain model, Tiwari and Das nanofluid model are used to formulate the problem. The impacts of Joule heating, nonlinear radiation and non-uniform (space and temperature dependent) heat source/sink are accounted. Al-Cu-CH3OH and Cu-CH3OH are considered as nanoliquids for the present study. The solution of the problem is attained by the application of shooting and R.K. numerical procedures. Graphical and tabular illustrations are incorporated with a view of understanding the influence of various physical parameters on the flow field. We eyed that using of Al-Cu alloy nanoparticles in the carrier liquid leads to superior heat transfer ability instead of using only Aluminum nanoparticles. Weissenberg number and viscosity parameter have inclination to exalt the thermal field.

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Gubaidullin, A. A., O. Sh Beregova, and S. A. Bekishev. "Shock waves in non-Newtonian bubbly liquids." International Journal of Multiphase Flow 27, no. 4 (April 2001): 635–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-9322(00)00030-6.

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