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1
Gou, Shangde, Bohui Wen, and Qingxin Kong. "Network Relationship between Commercial Bank Liquidity Indicators and Various Indicators—Based on Bayesian Network." MATEC Web of Conferences 267 (2019): 04008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926704008.
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Draining liquidity is one of the main reasons for the financial crisis. Therefore, exploring the link between various indicators of banks and bank liquidity has great significance for studying bank liquidity risk. The article applies principal component to analysis the main components are extracted from the perspectives of assets, loans, deposits, borrowings and reserves. Then the Bayesian network is used to construct a network of links between liquidity and indicators based on this.
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Bu, Yumeng. "Research on the Impact of Financing Liquidity on Risk-taking of Commercial Banks." MATEC Web of Conferences 267 (2019): 04012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926704012.
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Insufficient liquidity and maturity mismatches lead to bank risks and financial crises. After Basel III included the net stable funding ratio into regulatory indicators, the relationship between the liquidity indicators represented by the net stable capital ratio and the bank's risk exposure triggered discussions among domestic and foreign scholars. This paper uses the data of China's commercial banks, mainly discussing the mutual influence of internal financing liquidity and external financing liquidity on the risk exposure of banks, and then putting forward some suggestions on how to reduce bank risks through financing liquidity.
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Yoewono, Harsono. "PENGARUH KINERJA KEUANGAN DAN INDIKATOR KESULITAN FINANSIL TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM BANK STUDI KASUS BANK BCA." Media Ekonomi 22, no. 1 (April 3, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/me.v22i1.2815.
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<p>The main problem of bank is maintaining 3 financial health indicators, namely on aspects of liquidity, profitability, and solvency. These three bank performance parameters are part of the CAMEL surveillance system, without a single M (management) that can only be taken into account by the Bank Supervisory Team from Bank Indonesia for each bank. The purpose of research to determine the level of financial and financial performance of banks and the level of difficulty of banks that have gone public in Indonesia to the stock price of banks. This study was conducted to determine the impact of four groups of financial indicators on stocks, especially size of rentability, liquidity, solvency, and financial size. The various combinations of these 4 groups of indicators yield 45 independent variables that are estimated to affect the price and the number of 13 variables excluded, automatically by SPSS, in the estimation process. Of the 32 free variable, only 9 independent variables significantly affect stock price variables. The 9 independent variables are working capital (p5), cash ratio (q1), bank strength level (r3), sales (r9), operational (r8), financial burden indicator (s5), credit in rupiah (x2), investment non-credit (x4) and ROI (x5b).</p><p> </p>
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Ibrahim, Mukdad. "Liquidity Analysis of UAE Banks." International Journal of Economics and Financial Research, no. 65 (May 5, 2020): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/ijefr.65.82.86.
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The aim of this paper is to analyze the liquidity levels of various banks in the UAE for the period 2005-2009. To understand the behavior of liquidity indicators especially during the financial crisis, the researcher will analyze the four liquidity indicators over the years 2005 to 2009. The findings highlight how the banks in question have been impacted by the 2007-2008 crisis. This can most obviously be seen in the notable decline of each of the banks liquidity level in 2009. The effect of loans to total assets, loans to customers’ deposit, and investment to total assets ratios for the five banks was most notable in 2009. Two liquidity ratios were analyzed in order to determine the banks’ ability to honor its debt obligations, these being loans to total assets and loans to customers respectively. The third ratio was the total equity to total assets to assess the liquidity level in the capital structure, while the fourth ratio was the investment to total assets to measure the managing of liquidity. While Bank liquidity was affected by the crisis, bank performance remained relatively stable, as measured by coefficient of variation, since these banks were able to yield more control over cash flows in comparison to revenues and costs.
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Omran, Qassem Ali. "Capital Adequacy and its Impact on Banking Liquidity Risk Applied Study in the Bank of the Islamic National and Commercial Iraqi for the Period (2012-2017)." JOURNAL OF UNIVERSITY OF BABYLON for Pure and Applied Sciences 27, no. 2 (March 31, 2019): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29196/jubpas.v27i2.2057.
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The aim of this paper is to highlight one of the risks facing the banking system in general and the Iraqi in particular, both Islamic and commercial, resulting from the low liquidity of banks from their safe levels, which expose the bank to a number of effects, especially when exposed to sudden withdrawals through measuring and analyzing the banking liquidity risk of banking and the statement The most important means used to processing these risks, including the adequacy of capital according to the Basel II Accord. Two banks, the National Islamic Bank and the Commercial Bank of Iraq, were selected and the indicators of liquidity risk were used. Statement of the Effect of the Capital Adequacy Tool as a Tool that Contributes to the Absorption of Banking Risks and their Effects in Mitigating Liquidity Risk The indicators were analyzed and tested by testing F, P-value and impact statement through the R2 parameter using the ANOVA analysis. There is a significant effect of the capital adequacy ratio on the liquidity risk of banks and both banks to varying degrees on the basis of which the alternative hypothesis was accepted. The paper also reached the recommendations of the most important of which is the need to achieve a balance between the size of the balances utilized in the various banking fields and what is maintained, Exceed the capital adequacy ratios for the specified rates by the Central Bank of Iraq.
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Ostadi, Hossin, and Nastran Monsef. "Assessing the Impact of Bank Concentration and Liquidity of Refah Bank Branches on Profitability during the Period1383-190." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 4, no. 1 (May 18, 2014): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v4i1.5644.
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Profitability is an important factor to show this articledoeswhat is the role of the intermediary bank to collect your savings and allocation of loans. Given the importance of profitability indicators in this study, the factors affecting the profitability of commercial banks in Iranare analyzedwith emphasis on the degree of centralization and bank deposits. Dependent variable is indicators of profitability (ROE, ROA) and bank deposits, bank size, bank capital, focus on liquidity and banking requirements are independent variables. Correlation analysis and OLS regression are used and the research period is 1381 to 1390 that the country's territory where bank branches.Our results indicate that the effect of bank size on profitability is positive and the increase in bank size on profitability is increased. Impact on the profitability of bank deposits is positive, ie increasing the profitability of bank deposits increased. Finally, the impact of bank concentration on profitability is positive. Increasing the bank's focus profitability increases. Moreover, the results adversely affect the liquidity of the index is profit.
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Rachman, Harri Yuni, Lela Nurlaela Wati, and Refren Riadi. "ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN BANK SYARIAH DENGAN BANK KONVENSIONAL." JURNAL AKUNTANSI 8, no. 2 (March 5, 2020): 94–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.37932/ja.v8i2.68.
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This research aims to determine the level of readiness of national banks, especially Sharia Commercial Banks in facing business competition in 2023 in terms of the company's financial performance aspects. The sample in this study was three (3) commercial banks three (3) Syaria Bank for the period 2014 - 2018. The analytical tool used to prove the hypothesis in this study is the independent sample t-test. The information used to measure bank financial performance is based on Bank Financial Publication Reports for the period 2014 - 2018 using CAMEL (Capital, Asset, Management, Earning, and Liquidity) financial valuation indicators summarized in CAR, BOPO, LDR, NIM financial ratios, ROA and NPL. The result of this study showed that there were significant differences, especially the BOPO, ROA and NPL indicators. As for the CAR, LDR and NIM indicators, there was no significant difference. However, when viewed from all aspects of indicators, Islamic Commercial Banks have not been able to show better financial performance compared to Conventional Commercial Banks
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Sahyouni, Ahmad, Mohammad A. A. Zaid, and Mohamed Adib. "Bank soundness and liquidity creation." EuroMed Journal of Business 16, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 86–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/emjb-04-2019-0061.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how much liquidity banks create and how liquidity creation changed over time in the MENA countries and to examine the soundness of banks in these countries based on the CAME rating system, in addition to investigating the relationship between CAME ratios and liquidity creation of these banks.Design/methodology/approachThe study regresses the CAME ratios together with other control variables to model liquidity creation. The robustness of the results is evaluated by using a different measure of liquidity creation and by excluding the observations of the Islamic banks.FindingsThe results show that the CAME rating system, as an indicator of bank soundness, is negatively related to bank liquidity creation. Specifically, capital adequacy, management efficiency and earning ability ratios affect the on-balance sheet components of liquidity creation, while asset quality ratio affects its off-balance sheet component.Practical implicationsThe paper offers insights to regulators and banks managers in terms of better understanding of the negative relationship between CAME rating system and bank liquidity creation.Originality/valueThis paper sheds more light on the relationship between bank soundness and liquidity creation by using the ratios of the CAMEL rating system as an indicator of bank strength and soundness.
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Oktavia, Rolista Dwi, and Nisful Laila. "ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGUNGKAPAN INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 8, no. 1 (January 26, 2021): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol8iss20211pp76-84.
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ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh ukuran bank, profitabilitas, leverage, likuiditas terhadap internet financial reporting pada bank umum syariah di Indonesia secara parsial dan simultan. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik regresi data panel. Serta pupulasi yang digunakan ialah Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia. Dengan penilaian internet financial reporting menggunakan 45 indikator. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan secara parsial ukuran bank, profitabilitas, leverage, berpengaruh positif signifikan, sedangkan likuiditas berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap internet financial reporting. Secara simultan ukuran bank, profitabilitas, leverage, likuiditas berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap internet financial reporting pada bank umum syariah di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Ukuran bank, profitabilitas, leverage, likuiditas, internet financial reporting. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to determine the effect of bank size, profitability, leverage, liquidity on internet financial reporting of sharia commercial banks in Indonesia partially and simultaneously. Using a quantitative approach with panel data regression techniques. As well as the population used is Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia. The internet financial reporting assessment uses 45 indicators. The results obtained show that partially bank size, profitability, leverage, have a significant positive effect, while liquidity has a significant negative effect on internet financial reporting. Simultaneously, bank size, profitability, leverage, liquidity have a significant positive effect on internet financial reporting at sharia commercial banks in Indonesia.Keywords: Bank size, profitability, leverage, liquidity, internet financial reporting.ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGUNGKAPAN INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
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Airout, Rana M., and Rula M. Airout. "Evaluation of Financial Performance of Islamic Banks in Jordan (2001-2010) “A Comparative Study”." International Journal of Economics and Finance 9, no. 9 (August 23, 2017): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v9n9p166.
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The purpose of this research is to evaluate the financial performance of two of the oldest banks in Jordan, Jordan Islamic Bank and Arab Islamic International Bank. The study population consists of the Islamic banks operating in Jordan. The Islamic Bank of Jordan and the Arab Islamic Bank were selected to compare the two banks from different aspects of the study, based on the data of the two banks during the period from 2001 to 2010. This research intended to investigate the following hypotheses:1) There are no statistically significant differences in the performance of the Islamic Bank of Jordan and the Arab Islamic International Bank through profit indicators.2) There are no significant differences in the performance of the Islamic Bank of Jordan and the Arab Islamic International Bank through liquidity indicators.3) There are no significant differences in the performance of the Islamic Bank of Jordan and the Arab Islamic International Bank through indicators of indebtedness.4) There are no significant differences in the performance of the Islamic Bank of Jordan and the Arab Islamic International Bank through indicators of activity.Both descriptive and inferential statistical analysis and results were as follows: The study found that there are no significant differences between the performance of the Arab Islamic Bank and the Jordanian Islamic Bank in the field of profitability, and no statistically significant differences in the field of liquidity, except for the percentage of total deposits / assets where the mean of this ratio to the Islamic Bank of Jordan was (87.55%) compared with Arab Islamic Bank where it was (60.78%), we conclude from that the Jordan Islamic Bank has the ability to meet short-term liabilities when due through its short-term assets more than Arab Islamic Bank. And there are statistical significance differences in the area of indebtedness.
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Liu, Yachen. "Regulation, Competition and Bank Risk: Evidence from China." Asian Business Research 2, no. 1 (March 14, 2017): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/abr.v2i1.135.
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This paper uses the semi-annual data of 16 listed banks from the fourth quarter of 2005 to the second quarter of 2016 as the research sample to study the impact of supervision and competition on the listed bank's risk in China. The results show that the higher level of bank holdings (capital adequacy ratio and core capital adequacy ratio) can significantly reduce the combined risk of banks and increase bank stability. Increased liquidity (liquidity ratio and deposit-loan ratio) can reduce bank risk, but this effect is not significant. The more fierce competition among banks (the smaller CR) will not only increase the proportion of weighted risk assets in total assets, but also increase the bank's bankruptcy probability and reduce the overall operating stability of the bank. It is necessary for authorities of policy to strengthen supervision of banking industry, especially the capital adequacy ratio and core capital adequacy ratio regulation and keep the competition of banks under the appropriate interval. It is also necessary for regulators to comply with the latest regulations of Basel III to set up more reasonable liquidity regulatory indicators to meet liquidity risk management.
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Zeldea, Cristina. "Modeling the Connection between Bank Systemic Risk and Balance-Sheet Liquidity Proxies through Random Forest Regressions." Administrative Sciences 10, no. 3 (August 8, 2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci10030052.
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Balance-sheet indicators may reflect, to a great extent, bank fragility. This inherent relationship is the object of theoretical models testing for balance-sheet vulnerabilities. In this sense, we aim to analyze whether systemic risk for a sample of US banks can be explained by a series of balance-sheet variables, considered as proxies for bank liquidity for the 2004:1–2019:1 period. We first compute Marginal Expected Shortfall values for the entities in our sample and then imbed them into a Random Forest regression setup. Although we discover that feature importance is rather bank-specific, we notice that cash and available-for-sale securities are the most relevant factors in explaining the dynamics of systemic risk. Our findings emphasize the need for heightened prudential regulation of bank liquidity, particularly in what concerns cash and immediate liquidity instrument weights. Moreover, systemic risk could be consistently tamed by consolidating bank emergency liquidity provision schemes.
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Rudan, Vitalii. "LIQUIDITY OF THE BANKING SYSTEM OF UKRAINE: MODERN STATE AND STRATEGIC REFERENCE POINTS OF MANAGEMENT." Economic Analysis, no. 27(4) (2017): 170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2017.04.170.
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Introduction. The article deals with the approaches for the determination of the state of liquidity of the banking system of Ukraine after the change of the monetary regime. The main negative factors that influence the dynamics of liquidity of the domestic banking system are determined. Recommendations for improving the efficiency of banking liquidity management are proposed. They are determined with consideration of strategic guidelines for the development of the banking system of Ukraine. Purpose. The article aims to substantiate the integrated approach to assessing the current state of liquidity of the banking system and to identify problems and strategic guidelines for improving the efficiency of liquidity management and functioning of the banking system of Ukraine. Method (methodology). In this research we have used the following methods: system analysis methods (to evaluate the effectiveness of approaches to assessing the state of liquidity of the banking system of Ukraine); methods of analogy and comparison (to study the liquidity management of the banking system of Ukraine during the financial and economic crisis of 2008-2009 and the economic crisis in 2014-2017); statistical methods (to analyse the dynamics of liquidity indicators of the banking system and monetary indicators of the National Bank of Ukraine, the Federal Reserve System of the USA and the European Central Bank). Results. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the approaches to assessing the liquidity of the Ukrainian banking system, which is used by the National Bank of Ukraine, we have found a mistake in the approach. This mistake is based on the assessment of the net liquidity position of the banking system. The influence of negative factors on the liquidity of the banking system of Ukraine has been assessed with the help of correlation and regression analysis. Four strategic guidelines for increasing the efficiency of management of bank liquidity have been proposed. Among them we distinguish the reduction of interest rates for active and passive operations which can be provided in the conditions of creation of a broad corridor between overnight refinancing rates and overnight deposit certificates; the introduction of long-term targeted refinancing for state development programs; the improvement of the mechanism of compulsory redundancy; the improvement of the activity of state banks and the creation of development banks.
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Amaral, Marco. "Liquidity of commercial banks in Portugal and Spain." European Journal of Government and Economics 10, no. 1 (June 17, 2021): 46–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/ejge.2021.10.1.7165.
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Liquidity is very important for the functioning of financial markets, especially for the banking sector, because one of the critical aspects in the banking business is precisely the process of transforming short-term funds and placing them in the medium and long term. This paper aims to comprehensively assess the liquidity positions of Portuguese and Spanish commercial banks through different liquidity ratios for the period from 2002 to 2015 and understand whether the liquidity management strategy differs by bank size. To this end, unconsolidated balance sheet data were used, which were obtained from the banks annual reports. The sample includes a significant part of the Portuguese and Spanish banking sector (not only by the number of banks, but also by the representation in banks total assets). The results obtained show that Spain's banks' liquidity indicator has decreased over the last four years. In contrast, bank liquidity indicator in Portugal varied slightly positively during the period 2002-2006 but decreased sharply between 2010 to 2015. Bank liquidity increased slightly during the period of the financial crisis in both countries, namely between from 2007 to 2009. Finally, it is concluded that smaller banks have less fluctuating liquidity management, i.e., large and medium-sized banks show greater variation in bank liquidity in the period under analysis, i.e., they are less liquid.
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Galletta and Mazzù. "Liquidity Risk Drivers and Bank Business Models." Risks 7, no. 3 (August 25, 2019): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks7030089.
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This paper examines the bank liquidity risk while using a maturity mismatch indicator of loans and deposits (LTDm) during a specific period. Core banking activities that are based on the process of maturity transformation are the most exposed to liquidity risk. The financial crisis in 2007–2009 highlighted the importance of liquidity to the functioning of both the financial markets and the banking sector. We investigate how characteristics of a bank, such as size, capital, and business model, are related to liquidity risk, while using a sample of European banks in the period after the financial crisis, from 2011 to 2017. While employing a generalized method of moment two-step estimator, we find that the banking size increases the liquidity risk, whereas capital is not an effective deterrent. Moreover, our findings reveal that, for savings banks, income diversification raises the liquidity risk while investment banks reliant on non-deposit funding decrease the exposure to liquidity risk.
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Putriana, Marissa, and Susi Artati. "Analisis Perbandingan Tingkat Kesehatan Bank dengan Menggunakan Pendekatan RGEC (Studi pada PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero), Tbk dan PT. Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero), Tbk Periode 2014-2018)." J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains) 4, no. 2 (October 25, 2019): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v4i2.116.
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This research aims to analyse how the health level comparison of PT Bank Mandiri (Persero), Tbk with PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero), Tbk using RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, Capital) approach In 2014-2018. The type of research used is quantitative descriptive research. Research results show the health level of Bank Mandiri and BNI in 2014-2018 overall healthy. Risk Profile Bank Mandiri and BNI bank with the credit risk indicator gained a healthy predicate and with the risk indicators of the liquidity of both banks earned a fairly healthy predicate. Assessment of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) based on Self Assessment showed that Bank Mandiri obtained very good predicate while BNI Bank obtained good predicate. The Earnings assessment of the ROA and NIM ratio analysis and Capital valuation based on the CAR value analysis showed that Bank Mandiri and BNI Bank gained a very healthy predicate.
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Serwadda, Isah. "Determinants of Commercial Banks’ Profitability. Evidence from Hungary." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 66, no. 5 (2018): 1325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866051325.
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This paper aims to find out whether bank‑specific (internal) factors impact on the profitability of commercial banks in Hungary for 16 a year period ranging from 2000–2015. The study employs a sample of twenty‑six commercial banks with four hundred sixteen observations. The study employs return on average assets (ROAA) as a proxy for bank profitability, and it also considers bank‑specific (internal) factors as independent variables. These include asset quality (non‑performing loans), overhead costs, bank size, net interest margin, and liquidity risk plus capital adequacy ratio. The study uses panel regressions, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis for the investigations. The panel regression models are to estimate the impact of bank‑specific (internal) factors on bank profitability. The Hausman specification test was conducted on the panel regression models in order to identify the best and appropriate model for the study. The empirical findings reveal that non‑performing loans, overhead costs and liquidity had a significant negative impact on bank profitability as bank size had a significant positive impact on profitability. However, net interest margin and capital adequacy ratio had no impact on bank profitability. The study concludes that bank size and asset quality are bank‑specific factors that have the biggest impact on commercial banks’ profitability in Hungary for the period under investigation. The study recommends that commercial banks should endeavor to manage and reduce overhead costs to be able to earn more profits since overhead costs adversely affect bank profitability. More so, commercial banks’ managers should regularly monitor credit and liquidity risk indicators as well as pursuing diversification policies of income sources while upholding optimisation of operational costs.
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Balatskyi, Y., and V. Murka. "PROBLEMARY ASPECTS OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu, no. 1 (2019): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2019.1-1.
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The article substantiates the issue of important aspects of financial and economic security of commercial banks. In order to maintain the financial and economic security of the bank, it is important to comply with a number of conditions. Such conditions include an adequate level of liquidity, securing loan repayments, increasing bank profitability and minimizing banking risks. Models and methods by which the level of financial and economic security of banks are evaluated are analyzed and systematized in the article. All available models are reduced to an economic security assessment, as the bank's work is based on financial transactions. Therefore, the method of ratios and indicators was used to assess the level of financial security of the bank. The study raised the problem of selecting the required number of indicators that most affect the financial and economic security of a commercial bank. Credit risk was chosen among a large number of external and internal factors, as they have a significant impact on creditworthiness and are set to limit the credit risk of the bank. The weakening of financial security is evidenced by a decrease in liquidity and an increase in accounts payable and receivables, non-compliance with credit risk indicators. Therefore, the article analyzes the financial security by internal factors of influence, namely, the credit risk standards H7, H8 and H9. Three banks were selected for analysis: Oschadbank, Alfa-Bank and UkrSibbank. Today, the level of financial and economic security of the bank is insufficient among Ukrainian banks. In order to form a high level of financial and economic security of the bank it is necessary to achieve effective management of all subsystems of the bank, to develop effective financial management of the bank, to carry out careful personnel selection, as well as to ensure effective risk management. Keywords: financial and economic security of a commercial bank, methods of assessing financial security, models of financial security assessment, credit risks.
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Qadri, Faran Ahmad. "The Financial Statement Analysis of Commercial Banks in Bahrain: A case study of Ahli United Bank." Revista Científica del Amazonas 3, no. 5 (January 24, 2020): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/rc/2020.5.02.
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Financial sector of kingdom of Bahrain intensely supports the growth of the economy. It contributed 27% of Bahrain GDP in 2018.The wellbeing of an economy can be examined by financial performance of the bank. Financial performance is the result of its policies and operations in monetary terms. The aim of the study is to examine the financial performance of the banks in Kingdom of Bahrain- A Case study approach. For the evaluation of the performance of bank, secondary data was collected from the annual audited report of the bank for the period of 2011 to 2017. It focuses on two important indicators the profitability and liquidity. As the shareholders are in need to maximize their return on investment and the depositors need to get back their savings according to their needs focuses on liquidity. To measure the profitability, return on asset and return on equity is the variable and loan to deposit and loan to asset to evaluate the liquidity. For this ratio analysis is being used to measure as it is evident from the previous studies. The study used percentage analysis, descriptive statistics and correlation the result of the analysis portrayed that return on asset and return on equity are positively correlated and negatively correlated with loan to asset.
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Yakubu, Y., and S. M. Egopija. "Modeling the Effect of Bank Specific Factors on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Nigeria: Panel Data Regression Approach." Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 28, no. 1 (April 23, 2021): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njbas.v28i1.6.
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Periodic checking and evaluation of financial performance of the banking sector is a way of sustaining the development of a nation’s economy. The key indicators of the banks’ financial performance are their return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). A bank’s financial performance is affected by some specific factors like capital adequacy ratio (CAR), credit risk (CRISK), management quality, liquidity ratio (LIQ.RAT.) and bank size. This work first compares average financial performance of some sampled commercial banks in Nigeria (UBA, GTB, ZENITH, FIRST, and ACCESS banks) based on the key indicators and the bank specific factors. It then models the effect of these factors on the overall financial performance of the sampled banks using panel data regression approach. The results showed that the GTB had the highest average ROA, ROE and CAR throughout the period under review while Zenith bank was the best in terms of credit risk, management quality and liquidity ratio. The fitted ROA model accounted for 83% of the total variability in the data and revealed that CAR, CRISK, and LIQ.RAT were significant at both 1% and 5% levels while the ROE model accounted for 69% and revealed that CRISK and LIQ.RAT were significant.
Keywords: Financial Performance, Commercial Banks, Evaluation, Panel Data, Economy
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Trofimov, D. "Changes in household deposits structure: Liquidity and stability of bank liabilities." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 11 (November 20, 2017): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2017-11-152-160.
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This paper presents comparative analysis of the impact of changes in the economic and social situation in Europe on the volume and structure of bank liabilities generated by households. It also identifies downside risks to deposits volume and structure analyzing deposits dynamics in Russia. The approach to liquidity calculation indicators and stable part of banks’ liabilities definition based on the use of portfolio of homogeneous deposits of mass categories of households is also proposed.
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AL Qaisi, Fouzan. "The role of corporate governance in reducing the global financial crisis implications in light of the Central Bank of Jordan." Banks and Bank Systems 15, no. 3 (August 3, 2020): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(3).2020.02.
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The study aims to test the role of the measures implemented by the Central Bank of Jordan to reduce the effect of financial crisis on the Jordanian banks, using two independent variables (loans and advances rate, overnight deposit window), which are the actions of the Central Bank of Jordan, and four dependent variables (liquidity ratio, ROA ratio, capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loans ratio), which are financial stability indicators for the banks for six years (2005–2011). To get the study results, these data are measured and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). It was found that the actions of the Central Bank of Jordan (loans and advances rate, overnight deposit window rate): have a statistically significant impact on the non-performing loans ratio (2005–2011); do not have a statistically significant impact on the capital adequacy ratio (2005–2011); have a statistically significant impact on ROA ratio (2005–2011); do not have a statistically significant impact on the liquidity ratio (2005–2011).
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Rahman, Habib-ur, Muhammad Waqas Yousaf, and Nageena Tabassum. "Bank-Specific and Macroeconomic Determinants of Profitability: A Revisit of Pakistani Banking Sector under Dynamic Panel Data Approach." International Journal of Financial Studies 8, no. 3 (July 7, 2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs8030042.
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This study aims to examine the effect of the bank-specific and macroeconomic determinants of profitability for the banking sector of Pakistan. To incorporate the issues of endogeneity, unobserved heterogeneity, and profit persistence, we apply a generalised method of moments (GMM) technique under the Arellano–Bond framework to a panel of Pakistani banks that covers the period 2003–2017. The results of a dynamic panel data approach reveal that capital adequacy accelerates the profitability of the banking sector in Pakistan. Capital adequacy helps the financial system to absorb any negative shock by reducing the number of bank failures and losses. Conversely, our empirical investigation reveals that the liquidity ratio, business mix indicators, interest rates, and industrial production deteriorates the bank profitability. Liquidity risks enhance the probability of default risks and transmit into the unpaid loans and hence the lower return. Our empirical evidence further reveals that Pakistani banks are not getting any benefit of the economies of scale in terms of financial performance.
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Poudel, Shiva Raj. "ASSESSMENT OF CREDIT RISK IN NEPALI COMMERCIAL BANKS." Journal of Applied and Advanced Research 3, no. 3 (May 14, 2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2018.v3i3.137.
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The main objective of the study is to identify the major indicators of credit risk among the Nepali commercial banks. The study is conducted using the sample of 15 commercial banks operated in Nepali economy. One way Fixed Effect Model (FEM) of panel data analysis is used as a major tool of analysis. All the data for the study were obtained from the database of Nepal Rastra Bank for bank specific variables and database of World Bank for macroeconomic variables for the year 2002/03 to 2014/15. The credit risk among the commercial banks in Nepal was regressed on bank specific variables such as liquidity, capital adequacy ratio, bank size, and interest spread. Similarly, the effects of macro-economic variables such as GDP growth, rate of inflation and interbank interest rate were also examined along with bank specific variables in identifying credit risk in Nepali commercial banks. The study reveals that liquidity has the significant positive impact on credit risk in Nepali commercial banks. In contrast, capital adequacy ratio and interest spread have the significant negative impact on credit risk. The analysis further confirmed that bank size and interest spread both have no any clear direction of impact on credit risk. Moving towards the GDP growth, credit risk in Nepali commercial banks is negatively fluctuates with GDP growth, however, the statistics show the coefficients are insignificant at 5% level. Contrarily, Inter-bank interest rate has insignificant negative impact on credit risk in Nepali commercial banks.
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Tammenga, Alette, and Pieter Haarman. "Liquidity risk regulation and its practical implications for banks: the introduction and effects of the Liquidity Coverage Ratio." Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie 94, no. 9/10 (October 21, 2020): 367–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/mab.94.51137.
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Following the financial crisis, quantitative liquidity risk regulation was introduced by means of the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR). This literature study aims to investigate whether the introduction of the LCR leads to better liquidity risk management in banks. It elaborates on the drivers and definition of liquidity risk as well as the history, benefits and goals of this regulation. It also delves into the exact composition of the ratio and the assumptions used. The impact on bank lending as well as banks' business model and risk management is addressed, as well as the interaction with monetary policy operations and capital regulation. This paper then describes the operational differences that were observed after the implementation, and behavioral aspects. We also address the Net stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) and the discussion on interaction between the two indicators and possible redundancy. We have found that the introduction of the LCR leads to better management of liquidity risk for most financial institutions, but more harmonious implementation throughout the sector could reduce liquidity risk even further.
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Zubarev, Andrey, and Olga Bekirova. "Analysis of Bank Default Factors in 2013–2019." Economic Policy 15, no. 3 (June 2020): 106–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18288/1994-5124-2020-3-106-133.
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This paper studies bank defaults in the Russian Federation in recent years. Firstly, the Central Bank of Russia tightened prudential regulation in 2013. Secondly, a decrease in oil prices and economic sanctions resulted in a crisis in 2014–2015 with a huge depreciation of the national currency, which influenced the Russian banking sector substantially. Almost half of banks in Russia have been closed in the last 6 years. Through binary logistic models of bank defaults based on data for Q3 2013 through Q1 2019, the paper reveals the key factors which had an influence on the sustainability of Russian banks. The main result is that involvement in classical banking exposes banks to default risks. Excessive reserves appeared to be an important indicator of default as well. A special measure of liquidity creation was constructed. We found that high levels of liquidity creation increased the probability of bank failure. It is also worth mentioning that excessive liquidity creation put higher risks on a given bank in the crisis period. We can conclude that regulatory authorities should pay attention to high liquidity creators, especially in the group of small and medium-sized banks. We also found some evidence of an improvement in prudential regulation by the Bank of Russia. Separate models were estimated for the sample of 150 larger banks, which is more homogeneous and is of primary interest for the regulator. A number of variables, including the level of liquidity creation, turned out to be insignificant; however, high reserve values for possible losses still increase the probability of default to a large extent. Logistic panel regressions were also considered as an alternative specification.
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Ayuni, Lailatul, and Lina Nugraha Rani. "ANALISIS FAKTOR PENENTU DAN INDIKATOR EKONOMI PADA NET INTEREST MARGIN BANK SYARIAH." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 7, no. 11 (November 29, 2020): 2074. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol7iss202011pp2074-2088.
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ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor penentu Margin Bank Umum Syariah melalui variabel Capital Adequacy Ratio, Risiko Likuiditas, NPF, Bank Size dan indikator makroekonomi GDP dan Inflasi terhadap Net Interest Margin Periode 2011 - 2018 secara simultan dan parsial. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik Purposive Sampling diperoleh 11 Bank Umum Syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis regresi data panel. Data penelitian diambil dari website resmi yang dipublikasikan oleh Bank Indonesia (BI) dan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) serta Annual Report masing – masing bank. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh signifikan antara CAR, Risiko Likuiditas, Bank Size, GDP, terhadap NIM Bank Umum Syariah. Sedangkan untuk variabel NPF dan Inflasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Hasil menunjukkan variabel GDP merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh pada Determinan Margin Bank Umum Syariah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, diharapkan pemerintah atau regulator dapat membantu peran perbankan dalam memberikan kebijakan dengan bentuk penyempurnaan keberpihakan regulasi dalam mendukung perbankan syariah.Kata Kunci: Net Interest Margin, Capital Adequacy Ratio, Risiko Likuiditas, Net Performing Financing, Bank Size, Makroekonomi, Bank Umum Syariah ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the influence of the determinants of Shariah commercial bank margin through the variables of Capital Adequacy Ratio, Liquidity Risk, NPF, Bank Size and macroeconomic indicators of GDP and Inflation on the Net Interest Margin Period 2011 - 2018 simultaneously and partially. Sampling with purposive sampling technique obtained 11 Islamic Shariah commercial banks. This study uses a quantitative approach with panel data regression analysis techniques. The research data is taken from the official website published by Bank Indonesia (BI) and the Financial Services Authority (OJK) as well as the Annual Report of each bank. The results showed a significant influence between CAR, Liquidity Risk, Bank Size, GDP, on the NIM of Shariah Commercial Banks. Meanwhile, the NPF and inflation variables do not have a significant effect. The results showed that the GDP variable is the most influential factor on the Margin Determinants of Shariah Commercial Banks. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that the government or regulators can assist the role of banks in providing policies by improving regulatory alignments in supporting Islamic banking.Keywords: Net Interest Margin, Capital Adequacy Ratio, Liquidity Risk, Net Performing Financing, Bank Size, Macroeconomics, Sharia Banks
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Christianto, Petter Ibnu. "Analisis Respon Perbankan atas Dana Repatriasi Program Pengampunan Pajak." Indonesian Treasury Review Jurnal Perbendaharaan Keuangan Negara dan Kebijakan Publik 2, no. 3 (December 7, 2017): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33105/itrev.v2i3.34.
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Tax Amnesty Program initiated by the government from 2016 to 2017, showed quite encouraging results. Big asset declaration could increase the future tax base, and asset repatriation is also expected to encourage the growth of the economy in the short term. Incoming repatriation funds, as a result of tax amnesty, are expected to have an impact on the financial system, particularly in the banking sector to add liquidity or third party funds (DPK). The research attempts to show the response of banks in the event of an increase in liquidity in the financial system and how government policies and monetary authorities maintain financial system stability after tax amnesty programs or when liquidity fluctuations in the financial system occur. The dynamic linkage of bank indicators is modeled by the Panel-Vector-Autoregressive (p-VAR) framework. The results of the analysis of the bank's response showed that liquidity changes or liquidity fluctuations in the financial system does not significantly affect to Risk Profile indicators, Profitability indicators, Capital Indicators in the banking system. This conditions shows that the financial system, especially the banking system, has a strong fundamental to reduce the liquidity turmoil in the financial system. Abstrak Program Pengampunan Pajak yang dilaksanakan pemerintah mulai tahun 2016 sampai dengan 2017 menunjukkan hasil yang cukup menggembirakan. Deklarasi aset yang cukup besar dapat meningkatkan basis pajak di masa yang akan datang. Repatriasi aset diharapkan juga mampu mendorong tumbuhnya perekonomian dalam jangka pendek. Dana repatriasi yang masuk sebagai hasil program pengampunan pajak diharapkan memberikan dampak terhadap sistem keuangan, terutama terhadap sektor perbankan sebagai tambahan likuiditas atau dana pihak ketiga (DPK). Kajian ini mencoba menunjukan respon dari perbankan apabila terjadi pertambahan likuiditas dalam sistem keuangan dan bagaimana kebijakan pemerintah dan otoritas moneter dalam mempertahankan stabilitas sistem keuangan paska program pengampunan pajak atau saat terjadi gejolak likuiditas dalam sistem keuangan. Keterkaitan dinamis antar indikator-indikator bank dimodelkan dalam kerangka Panel-Vector-Autoregressive (p-VAR). Analisis terhadap respon perbankan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perubahan likuiditas atau gejolak likuiditas dalam sistem keuangan tidak terlalu berpengaruh terhadap indikator Profil Risiko (Risk Profile), indikator rentabilitas/profitabilitas (Profitability), Indikator permodalan (Capital) dalam sistem perbankan. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa sistem keuangan terutama sistem perbankan mempunyai fundamental yang kuat untuk meredam gejolak likuiditas dalam sistem keuangan.
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SALIM, AL-SAADI MOHANAD RAHIM. "THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL ANALYSIS INDICATORS IN THE PROCESS OF RISK REDUCTION IN COMMERCIAL BANKS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2, no. 2 (2021): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.02.02.013.
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The article is devoted to the use of financial analysis for the purposes of risk management of a commer-cial bank. The paper defines the bank risk, provides a classification of banking risks, and also uses the exam-ple of the largest Russian bank, Sberbank PJSC, to calculate the main indicators used in assessing the finan-cial risks of a credit institution. In particular, the dynamics of indicators of liquidity and financial stability, indi-cators of credit risk assessment, indicators of market risk assessment are analyzed. Based on the results of the calculations, the relevant conclusions were drawn and basic recommendations for the bank’s financial risk management were developed.
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Jere, Thomas. "Comparative Analysis of Two German Banks." Interactive science, no. 4 (59) (May 26, 2021): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-553801.
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This article explains results of a comparative to test the performance of two top banks in the German banking industry analysis using a financial ratio analysis method. The main determinants considered are solvency and liquidity indicators, which make it possible to observe the risk behaviour of banks before and after the financial crisis. The hypothesis of the study is that the behaviour of German banks depends on bank-specific variables that affect the institution ’s loan policy. The universal banks in Germany can be divided into three main types of institutions: commercial, public sector and cooperative banks. The analysis is carried out on banks of the same category in a decomposed manner. Deutsche Bank and Commerzbank representing the commercial/Private sector. Checking each Bank separately is carried out to detect the similarities or differences that each bank may have in terms of bank performance. The empirical analysis involves a sample of these German banks observed during 2015–2019.
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Tumwine, Sulait, Samuel Sejjaaka, Edward Bbaale, and Nixon Kamukama. "An empirical analysis of bank specific factors affecting interest rate of Ugandan banking financial institutions." World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 14, no. 2 (June 11, 2018): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjemsd-07-2017-0046.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of bank specific factors on interest rate in banking financial institutions (BFIs) of Uganda. Design/methodology/approach To analyze the effect, an OLS random effects regression estimate on a data set of 24 banks from 2008 to 2016 from Bank of Uganda Depository Corporation survey was carried out. Studied bank specific factors including liquidity, operational efficiency, credit risk, capitalization and lending ratio are considered. Findings The results indicate that liquidity, operational efficiency, capitalization and lending out ratio affect the interest rate while credit risk does not. Research limitations/implications The study has confirmed that bank specific factors influence interest rate and other factors such as industry-level and indirect macroeconomic indicators need to be explored. The differences in categories of banks on interest rate would be of importance. Finally, this study concentrated on banks in Uganda, future study would focus on the comparison of Ugandan banks with those of other countries in the East African Region. Practical implications Bank managers should invest in up-to-date technology to reduce operational costs and improve efficiency. Managers of bank should take interest on equity mobilization, because it constitutes a cheaper source of capital to finance asset used in operations and long-term needs of borrowers financing. Government should consider a legislation that provides incentives toward savings and reduction in tax for bank inputs. Originality/value This is the first study that investigates the effect of bank specific factors on interest rate in Uganda’s BFIs.
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Kolesnik, Ya V. "Methodological Approaches to Constructing a System for Comprehensive Statistical Analysis of Bank Performance." Statistics of Ukraine 83, no. 4 (December 17, 2018): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/su.4(83)2018.04.01.
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The article is focused on elaborating essential methodological approaches to constructing an effective system for comprehensive statistical analysis of bank performance. The article’s objective is to provide scientific justification of methodological principles for constructing this system. Special importance and significance of such analysis for the effective bank management is emphasized. Besides that, the significance of the analysis is caused by the diversity of banks’ links with clients, shareholders, partners, competitions, National Bank and power bodies, population and mass media.
The sound assessment of bank performance and management decision making process is based on an advanced statistical analysis. The statistical toolkit designed for analytical justifications of management decisions needs to be built on the principles underlying statistical support for management: comprehensiveness and consistency. A major part of bank performance indicators are indicators of their financial situation in view of the sufficiency of capital, solvency, liquidity, reliability, profitability. An important background for assessing the financial situation of banks and analysis of management efficiency is a study of the bank system in its relationship with the external environment of its operation, i. e. the national economy.
At the level of an organization, the bank statistics consists of two statistical information modules: external and internal one. A system of indicators can be structured in form of four interlinked modules of financial and economic indicators, with each contributing to problem solutions involved in a study of bank performance. An important condition for applications of the proposed set of indicators is that their computation must be supplemented by an analysis of dynamics intensity. This allows for finding internal patterns of development and tendencies specific for the operation process in bank sector. The proposed scheme for statistical analysis of management efficiency in the bank system allows one to combine the existing methodical approaches, synthesize their essential advantages and detect the drawbacks.
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AlAli, Musaed Sulaiman. "Liquidity Management and Banks Financial Performance in Kuwait." Financial Markets, Institutions and Risks 4, no. 3 (2020): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/fmir.4(3).102-108.2020.
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Bank liquidity plays an important role in determining the bank’s financial performance. This study examines the impact of liquidity on the financial performance of ten Kuwaiti banks, whose shares are listed on the Kuwait Stock Exchange in the period 2010-2018. The article is based on the analysis of return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) as indicators of the bank’s financial efficiency in comparison with the five liquidity ratios. The results of the study showed a statistically significant direct relationship between ROA and the ratio of loans to total assets, the ratio of loans and deposits and the ratio of the financing deficit to total assets. According to the results of the calculations, a statistically significant inverse relationship between the ROA of liquid assets and the total assets and the ratio of liquid assets and deposits. The determination of return on equity (ROE) showed their statistically significant feedback only on liquid assets and deposits, while a significant direct relationship with the ratio of loans to total assets, the ratio of loans to deposits and the deficit of funding to the total assets. The results of this study provide an explanation of the contradictory results presented in the literature on the impact of liquidity on the financial results of banks. They found that the direction of the relationship depended on which financial ratio was used to explain the relationship (in this study, two ratios showed feedback, while the other three showed a direct ratio). The lack of a universal liquidity ratio will eventually lead to conflicting results. Keywords: liquidity, financial indicators, financial results, Kuwait banks, Kuwait Stock Exchange.
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Pohorelenko, Nataliia. "Justification of the list of indicators financial stability of the banking system." Economics of Development 17, no. 3 (November 27, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ed.17(3).2018.01.
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The generalization of scientific approaches to the assessment of the financial stability of the banking system has demonstrated the multivariance of views on structuring and listing of financial stability indicators and has made it possible to distinguish three main ones: on the basis of macroeconomic and macro financial indicators; on the basis of separate indicators; based on synthetic indicators. It is proved that the latter is most effective since the large number and variability of financial ratios used by different authors to assess the level of financial stability of banking systems does not allow for unambiguous results. A hierarchic structure of indicators of the stability of the banking system is proposed, which is characterized by the simultaneous existence of a certain number, not ordered in a heterarchic manner. In accordance with it, the integral index of financial stability of the banking system includes subindices: stability of the NBU, stability of system banks, banks with foreign capital, banks with private capital, financial vulnerability of the banking system. The expediency of accounting for the indicators of financial risk assessment: credit, liquidity risk, interest rate, investment risk, unstable resource base risk, which are characterized by such financial ratios as part of provisions for depreciation of loans in the loan portfolio, is justified in the composition of such a synthetic indicator of the financial stability of the banking system; the norm of instant liquidity; net interest margin; part of the provision for depreciation of securities in the securities portfolio; coefficient of instability of the resource base. Also, indicators for assessing the stability of the central bank were proposed: indicators of the adequacy of reserves; indicators of the effectiveness of monetary policy; indicators of the effectiveness of foreign exchange regulation; indicators of compliance of banking supervision with the main principles of efficiency. This approach will allow taking into account all the structural components of the banking system in the process of assessing financial stability, on the one hand, and in time to identify potential threats to the loss of stability, on the other.
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Qadri, Hussain Mohi-ud-Din, Atta UI Mustafa, and Hassnian Ali. "Does Financing Structure Relates to Liquidity Risk? A Comparative Study of Islamic and Conventional Banks of Pakistan." Journal of Islamic Economic and Business Research 1, no. 1 (June 14, 2021): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jiebr.v1i1.11696.
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The purpose of this paper is to find out whether financing in specific sectors increase bank liquidity risk and how this goes on with both Islamic and conventional banks. The paper used pooled regression, fixed effect model and random effect model decided on the basis of dummy joint significant test. The result shows that only financing concentration (SPEC) proved to have significant association with Islamic and overall banking sector for short run. And all other banks specific variables are unable to show a significant result. While the macroeconomic variable GDP and Inflation have a strong relationship in both long run and short run time period. This paper add value to the existing literature on liquidity risk under the new indicators issued by Basel III.
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Meher, Kishor, and Henok Getaneh. "Impact of determinants of the financial distress on financial sustainability of Ethiopian commercial banks." Banks and Bank Systems 14, no. 3 (October 10, 2019): 187–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.14(3).2019.16.
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The study aims to investigate the impact of determinants of financial distress on financial sustainability of Ethiopian commercial banks. The balanced panel data of 12 commercial banks of Ethiopia have been taken for the study from 2011 to 2017. The research deploys Ordinary Least Square (OLS) Regression Model. The indicators of financial distress are bank’s specific internals and macro-economic factors. The proxies of financial sustainability are Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Financial Stability Index and Bank Soundness. The findings reveal that the Absolute Liquidity Risk and Net Income Growth are found to be positive and significant and Solvency Risk negative and significant in relation to Return on Assets. Asset Quality is found to be positive and significant and Solvency Risk negative and significant with respect to Return on Equity. The Asset Quality and Net Income Risk are positive and significant and Solvency Risk is negative and significant with relation to the Financial Stability Index. Absolute Liquidity Risk and Liquidity Risk are positive and significant and Credit Risk negative and significant with Bank Soundness. Free Cash Flow and Net Income Growth are essential for enhancing Return on Assets and Bank Soundness, and managing equity within the prudential norms could bring forth short-term financial sustainability of commercial banks. By lowering provisioning of loan loss, Growth in Net Interest Income and managing Solvency Risk could ensure financial stability to the banks, which in turn leads to financial sustainability. The study reveals that financial sustainability of banks is insulated from the exposures of systematic risks originating from macroeconomic factors.
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Mlachila, Montfort, and Sarah Sanya. "Post-crisis bank behavior: lessons from Mercosur." International Journal of Emerging Markets 11, no. 4 (September 19, 2016): 584–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-06-2015-0116.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to answer one important question: in the aftermath of a systemic banking crisis, can the expected deviations in credit supply, liquidity, and other bank characteristics become entrenched in that they do not converge back to “normal”? Design/methodology/approach Using a panel data set of commercial banks in the Mercosur during the period 1990-2006, the authors analyze the impact of crises on four sets of financial indicators of bank behavior and outcomes – profitability, maturity preference, credit supply, and risk taking. The authors employ convergence methodology – which is often used in the growth literature – to identify the evolution of bank behavior in the region after crises. Findings A key finding of the paper is that bank risk-taking behavior is significantly modified leading to prolonged reduction of intermediation to the private sector in favor of less risky government securities and preference for high levels excess liquidity well after the crisis. This can be attributed to the role played by macroeconomic and institutional volatility that has nurtured a relatively high level of risk aversion in banks in the Mercosur. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, using convergence methodology is a relatively novel approach in this area. An added advantage of using this approach over others currently used in the literature is that the authors can empirically quantify the rate of convergence and the institutional and macroeconomic factors that condition the convergence. Moreover, the methodology allows one to identify – in some hierarchical order – factors that condition persistent deviation from “normality.” The lessons learned from the Mercosur case study are useful for countries that suffered systemic banking crises in the aftermath of the global financial crisis.
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Zhabina, Svetlana. "Econometric Analysis of Bank Lending Channel Efficiency in Russia." Moscow University Economics Bulletin 2017, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 61–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105201734.
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The paper investigates the relationship between monetary policy indicator and bank lending in Russia using dynamic panel regressions and quarterly banks’ balance sheets data for the period of 2010- 2016. The main purpose of the paper is to identify bank characteristics, which determine the reaction of bank lending to monetary policy shocks. The results support the existence of a bank lending channel of monetary transmission. The extent to which banks change lending in response to monetary policy changes depends on banks’ liquidity, size and refinancing from the central bank.
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Aktas, Rafet, Bilge Bakin ., and Gokhan Celik . "The Determinants of Banks’ Capital Adequacy Ratio: Some Evidence from South Eastern European Countries." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 7, no. 1(J) (February 28, 2015): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v7i1(j).565.
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The legal authorities set the minimum capital level for the banks. Recent studies have shown that variables used to explain capital structure of non financial firms, such as size, profit, leverage, liquidity and risk, could also be helpful in understanding banks’ capital structure. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of bank-dimensional and environmental factors on bank’s capital adequacy ratio in South Eastern European (SEE) region. Size, profitability (ROA), leverage, liquidity, net interest margin (NIM), and risk are used as bank-dimensional explanatory variables in a feasible GLS regression model. On the other hand, economic growth rate, inflation, real interest rate, Eurozone stock market volatility index, deposit insurance coverage, and governance indicator are added to the original model to control for environmental factors. Annual data from 71 commercial banks belong to 10 different countries in SEE region for the period of 2007 – 2012 is used. This region mainly consists of the “transition economies†which are still experiencing the difficulties of turning into efficient market economies with high economic potentials. The results of our study show that among the bank dimensional explanatory variables size, ROA, leverage, liquidity, net interest margin and risk have statistically significant effects in determining CAR for the banks in the region. Among the environmental factors, economic growth rate, Eurozone stock market volatility index, deposit insurance coverage, and governance have statistically significant effects in determining CAR for the banks in the SEE region.
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Kidane, Shibiru Tade. "Credit risk management and profitability: empirical evidence on Ethiopian commercial banks." Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan dan Pembangunan Daerah 8, no. 4 (November 7, 2020): 377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/ppd.v8i4.10225.
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The aim of the study was to assess the impact of credit risk management on the profitability commercial banks in Ethiopia. Secondary data was gathered from National Bank of Ethiopia for ten year periods (2010-2019). The study adopted Correlation analysis and fixed effect Model. Return on Asset was used to measure profitability of commercial banks, bank specific factors(Capital adequacy, Loan and Advances to total deposit, Non- Performing Loans, Bank size and Liquidity and macroeconomic factors (Inflation and Gross Domestic Product) as indicators of credit risk management. The findings showed that Credit Risk Management in terms of bank specific and macroeconomic factors has significant impact on profitability of commercial banks in Ethiopia. Also the result displayed that profitability of commercial banks is not affected by the amount of non- performing loans during the study. The study recommended that banks’ credit risk management should not give due devotion only to the internal factors but also to external factors exclusively (Gross Domestic Product and Inflation) in order to minimize their negative impact on profitability of commercial banks in Ethiopia
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Chodnicka-Jaworska, Patrycja. "Is Bigger Better? The Impact of the Size of Banks on Credit Ratings." Financial Internet Quarterly 16, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fiqf-2020-0010.
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Abstract The aim of the paper was to analyse the factors influencing European banks’ credit ratings by taking into account the size of these institutions. A literature review onthe indicators that can impact bank notes has been made. As a result, the following hypotheses have beendrawn:banks’ capital adequacy, profitability, liquidity and management quality have a significant influence on bank credit ratings. Bigger banks receive higher credit ratings than the smaller ones in similar financial conditions. To verify the presented hypotheses ordered logit panel data models have been used. The analysis has been prepared by using the quarterly data from the Thomson Reuters database for the period between 1998 to 2015. The European banks’ long-term issuer credit ratings proposed by S&P, Fitch and Moody are used as dependent variables. The sample has been divided into subsamples according to the size of a bank andbanking sector and capitalization.
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Căpraru, Bogdan, and Iulian Ihnatov. "Determinants Of Bank’s Profitability In EU15." Annals of the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University - Economics 62, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aicue-2015-0007.
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Abstract In this paper we analyse determinants of bank profitability of EU15 banking systems for the period 2001-2011. We use as proxy for banks profitability the return on average assets (ROAA), the return on average equity (ROAE) and net interest margin (NIM). We also measure the impact of the first and the largest wave of enlargement (10 new members in 2004) on EU15 bank profitability, introducing a dummy variable. The contribution of this paper for the empirical literature is that there are no other studies that deal bank profitability for all EU 15 countries for the period considered (2001-2011). The literature splits the factors that influence banks’ profitability in two large groups: bank-specific (internal) factors and industry specific and macroeconomic (external) factors. Our results are in line with the economic theory. Cost to Income Ratio, credit risk and market concentration had a negative influence in case of all measures of banks’ profitability, while bank liquidity only for ROAE and NIM. The size of banks had a negative impact on NIM, suggesting that bigger the bank is, smaller the net interest margin ratio is, but, on the contrary, in case of ROAA, had a direct effect. The market concentration had a negative influence, meaning that the increasing competition, as a structural point of view, increases banks’ profitability. The results show us that the process of European Union enlargement from 2004 does not have significant impact on EU15 banking systems’ profitability. It has a week and negative effect only in case of net interest margin. As policy recommendations, we suggest for authorities a better supervision for credit risk and liquidity and maintaining a competitive banking environment. For banks’ management we also recommend to monitor the credit risk indicators, optimizing costs and diversifying the sources of income.
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Saha, Sumi. "The Impact of Liquidity Decision on Managerial Performance: Evidence from Private Commercial Banks in Bangladesh." American Journal of Trade and Policy 8, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v8i1.512.
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This study has examined the impact of liquidity decisions on the managerial performance of ten listed conventional private commercial banks. The required data have been collected from the five years' annual reports of the sample banks and analyzed through formulating different null hypotheses. Findings from the testing of null hypotheses with the use of the ANOVA technique reveal that there is no significant variation of different indicators of liquidity decision as well as the managerial performance of the sample banks. Findings are taken from conducting the multiple regression analysis with ordinary least square (OLS) model also indicate that the indicators of liquidity decision namely current ratio is positively and insignificantly associated with net profit ratio as well as return on equity but negatively and insignificantly associated with return on assets as well as return on investment. Moreover, the networking capital ratio as another indicator of liquidity decision is negatively and insignificantly associated with net profit ratio, return on assets as well as return on equity but positively and insignificantly associated with return on investment of the sample banks over the study period.
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Georgescu, Oana-Maria, Dimitrios Laliotis, Miha Leber, and Javier Población. "A Liquidity Shortfall Analysis Framework for the European Banking Sector." Mathematics 8, no. 5 (May 13, 2020): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8050787.
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This paper presents an analytical framework for the identification of vulnerabilities arising from the liquidity and funding profile of banks. It is composed of two pillars—estimation of liquidity needs and the counterbalancing capacity of the total liquid assets—that determine a liquidity surplus or shortfall and the drivers for a range of plausible scenarios. Granular bank-level data on the structure of liabilities, maturation profile, liquid assets quality composition, and asset encumbrance are used for that purpose, also taking into account associated commonality effects. A new liquidity metric is introduced—the distance to liquidity stress indicator (DLSI)—which measures the required stress factor for banks to become illiquid. The novelty of the approach (i.e., taking into account asset encumbrance to determine counterbalancing capacity) provides empirical evidence that asset encumbrance has a significant impact on a bank’s liquidity position, leading to the non-linear behavior of liquidity shortfalls, even in the case of linear stress factors.
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Nnah Ugoani, John Nkeobuna. "Credit Risk Management Evaluation and Bank Management Effectiveness: 1995 – 2015 Dimensionality." Sumerianz Journal of Economics and Finance, no. 310 (October 30, 2020): 178–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47752/sjef.310.178.188.
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Credit risk management is central to the success or failure of a banking institution because banks earn the greatest quantum of their interest income from interest on loans which represents a critical component of a bank’s profitability. Therefore, any carelessness with regard to credit risk management automatically results to creating huge nonperforming loans which often prepares the grounds for bank distress or failure. In the 1990s and specifically in 1995, 50 percent of 120 banks became technically distressed, as they were characterized by poor management and weak liquidity ratio. For example, in 1995, the ratio of nonperforming loans to total loans was about 33 percent compared to about 5 percent in 2015, and the average liquidity ratio of banks in 1995 was 0.49, against 58.18 in 2015. Also the loans, to deposit ratio in 1995 was 58.4 and 73.21 in 2015, while the number of banks with average liquidity ratio of less than 30 percent was 50 in 1995 against 1 in 2015. Distress persisted in the Nigerian banking system in the 1990s with dwindling profitability and the erosion of shareholders’ equity. In 1995, the adjusted shareholders funds was – N8791.1million against N3,240 billion in 2015, while the capital to total risk weighted asset ratio was about 67.18 percent in 1995 and only about 17.66 percent in 2015. In 1995, the ratio of nonperforming loans to shareholders’ funds was about 496 percent against about 13 percent in 2015. These major performance indicators showed that there was improved credit risk management and bank management effectiveness after 1995 until 2015. The expo-facto research design was employed for the study and the result showed strong positive relationship between credit risk evaluation management and bank management effectiveness. The study was not exhaustive, and further research could examine the relationship between regulatory efficiency and the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The board of directors of banks should always take measures to avoid lending arrangements over and above the repayment capacity of borrowers to reduce the creation of nonperforming loans.
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Adhikari, Khagendra. "Impact of Liquidity on Profitability in Nepalese Commercial Banks." Journal of Management 3, no. 1 (August 28, 2020): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jom.v3i1.30912.
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The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of liquidity on profitability in Nepalese commercial banks. Market price, earning per share, net profit margin and return on assets are taken as the indicators of profitability. Deposit-credit ratio, cash reserve ratio and capital adequacy ratio are taken as the indicators of liquidity. This study has tried to determine the association between liquidity and profitability indicators of 27 commercial banks out of 28 commercial banks in Nepal. The cross-sectional secondary data of these banks were used. Descriptive and causal comparative research strategies were applied to analyse the data. Correlation analysis and multiple general linear regression analysis were applied to establish the association. This study has found that there is no statistically significant association between liquidity and profitability indicators in Nepalese commercial banking industry. The data were analysed using statistical software mini tab.
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Abdo, Mai M., and Ibrahim A. Onour. "Liquidity Risk Management in Full-Fledged Islamic Banking System." Management and Economics Research Journal 6 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18639/merj.2020.990012.
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This study aims to assess the determinants of liquidity risk in the full-fledged Islamic banking system of Sudan, using panel data regression. The dependent variable in this research is the liquidity risk, which is determined as the extreme excess or extreme shortage of liquidity in each bank, based on the VaR approach, and the independent variables are bank size, investment, profit, and the budget deficit during the period 2012-2016. The authors’ findings indicate the bankspecific variables such as the size, investment, and profit are statistically significant, whereas the budget deficit variable is negatively associated with liquidity risk but is insignificant. The insignificance of the budget deficit variable is an indication of the government reliance on its deficit financing on debt financing, i.e., excessive money creation, as contrary to equity financing. Also indicated in the paper is that the investment variable has a positive and significant effect on liquidity risk, indicating that Islamic banks’ investment portfolios are dominated by short-term securities (sikook). This result supports the findings in the literature that investment portfolios in Islamic banks are likely to be dominated by short-term investment securities as a result of the absence of risk-hedging tools in the Islamic banking system, in general. The finding in the paper also indicates a positive and significant sign of profit coefficient with liquidity risk, which is similar to the positive association between higher risk and higher earnings relationships portrayed in the literature of corporate finance. The effect of the size indicator on liquidity risk reveals a positive and significant association, implying that larger banks are more likely to face liquidity risks of shortage as well as excess liquidity.
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Gautama, Budhi Pamungkas, Rizka Annisa, and Ikaputera Waspada. "Pengaruh Kecukupan Modal dan Risiko Kredit Terhadap Likuiditas Pada Bank Umum Syariah Yang Terdaftar di Bank Indonesia." JURNAL PENDIDIKAN AKUNTANSI & KEUANGAN 6, no. 2 (July 19, 2018): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jpak.v6i2.15908.
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AbstractThis research is based on the increasing number of liquidity of Islamic General Bank which is registered in Bank of Indonesia. The aim of this research is to find out the image of capital adequacy by using CAR indicator, credit risk by using NPF indicator and examine the impact of capital adequacy and credit risk towards the liquidity of islamic general bank which is registered in Bank of Indonesia. The research method used in this research is descriptive and verification method. This research used capital adequacy secondary data, credit risk and liquidity which are based on the financial statements from each bank which have been managed in 2012-2016 period. The analysis technique for this research was by using classical assumption test, regression analysis panel data and hypothesis test. This study used purposive sampling in islamic general bank registered in Bank of Indonesia in 2012-2016 period. This research was done by panel data analysis that was assisted by an application named Eview 8. Based on regression significance test, the capital adequacy and credit risk have influenced the liquidity itself. Based on the regression coefficient test, the capital adequacy gave significant positive effect to the liquidity, while the credit risk gave significant negative effect to liquidity. Keywords. capital adequacy; credit risk; liquidity AbstrakPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh meningkatnya likuiditas pada Bank Umum Syariah yang terdaftar di Bank Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kecukupan modal dengan menggunakan indikator CAR, risiko kredit dengan menggunakan indikator NPF dan likuiditas dengan menggunakan indikator FDR serta menguji pengaruh kecukupan modal dan risiko kredit terhadap likuiditas pada bank umum syariah yang terdaftar di Bank Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dan verifikatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder kecukupan modal, risiko kredit dan likuiditas yang bersumber dari laporan keuangan dari masing-masing bank yang sudah diolah periode 2012-2016. Teknik analisis yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi data panel dan uji hipotesis. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik penelitian dengan cara purposive samplingpada bank umum syariah yang terdaftar di Bank Indonesia periode 2012-2016. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan analisis data paneldengan dibantu oleh aplikasi Eviews 8. Berdasarkan uji keberartian regresi, kecukupan modal dan risiko kredit berpengaruh terhadap likuiditas. Berdasarkan uji koefisien regresi, kecukupan modal berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap likuiditas, sedangkan risiko kredit berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap likuiditas. Kata kunci. kecukupan modal; risiko kredit; likuiditas
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Huu Nguyen, Anh, Hang Thu Nguyen, and Huong Thanh Pham. "Applying the CAMEL model to assess performance of commercial banks: empirical evidence from Vietnam." Banks and Bank Systems 15, no. 2 (June 23, 2020): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(2).2020.16.
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The paper aims to investigate the impact of CAMEL components on the financial performance of commercial banks in Vietnam. Three econometric models are built using four CAMEL’s crucial indicators as independent variables (capital adequacy, asset quality, management effectiveness, bank liquidity) and return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and net interest margin (NIM) as proxies for commercial banks’ financial performance – dependent variables. The research sample includes 31 Vietnamese commercial banks over the 6-year period, from 2013 to 2018. The results show a better fit of the fixed effects model (FEM) in terms of the research methodology compared to the ordinary least squares (OLS) and random effects model (REM). It was found that capital adequacy, asset quality, liquidity and management efficiency affect the performance of Vietnamese commercial banks. Acknowledgement This research is funded by National Economics University (NEU), Hanoi, Vietnam. The authors thank anonymous referees for their contributions and the NEU for funding this research.
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Akber, S. M. "Influential Factors Responsible for Profitability: A Technical Study on Commercial Banks in Bangladesh." International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review 4, no. 2 (November 6, 2019): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46281/ijafr.v4i2.418.
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This paper explores how many internal and external factors from 2007-2017 affect the competitiveness of commercial banks in Bangladesh. Many bank-specific variables are used to achieve the goals as internal factors, and macroeconomic variables are used as external factors. A sample of seven commercial banks will be used for this purpose. Return on equity is used as a proxy for profitability and capital adequacy, the size of asset quality banks, investment control, liquidity, resource structure, and economic indicators are used as proxies for the independent variable. The paper's overview findings show that asset structure, capital adequacy, and asset quality are the key factors in Bangladesh's profitability for the commercial bank. The paper's outcome indicates that if commercial banks are more worried about these factors, they could produce a better return on the competitive market.