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1

Liao, Min-Yu (Stella), and Stephen Ferris. "Keeping up with the Joneses: cross-listing spillover effects." Managerial Finance 41, no. 12 (2015): 1258–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-09-2014-0240.

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Purpose – When a foreign firm cross-lists on an exchange in the US, it signals stronger investor protection. This is because cross-listing firms must comply with SEC and exchange regulations, thus producing stronger corporate governance. Consequently, cross-listing increases firm attractiveness to investors and places domestic rivals at a disadvantage. Rivals might respond by mimicking the governance changes resulting from cross-listing. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether firms respond to their rivals’ cross-listings through improvement in governance. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses earnings management as a measure of governance for a set of international firms. The authors track the changes in governance of non-cross-listing firms following their rivals’ cross-listings. The authors employ an event study methodology to assess the spillover effect of a competitor’s cross-listing. Findings – The authors find that rivals exhibit imitative improvements in their governance following a competitor’s cross-listing. This response is immediate and is the strongest in the year of cross-listing. Further, rivals with greater growth opportunities, lower market share, stronger past performance, and larger size demonstrate greater improvements in governance. Rivals make greater improvements in response to more rigorous Level III listings. Practical implications – This study finds that cross-listing effects are underestimated. It is not only the investors of the listing-firms who benefit from the cross-listing, but also the investors of non-listing rival as competitors try to match the higher governance standard. Originality/value – This study is the first that examines the intra-industry spillover effect of a cross-listing. This study also expands the analysis of the spillover effect in a new dimension: corporate governance.
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2

Sarkissian, Sergei, and Michael J. Schill. "Cross-Listing Waves." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 51, no. 1 (2016): 259–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109016000016.

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AbstractUsing a 57-year global foreign listing sample, we identify cross-listing waves at the host market, home market, and industry levels. Waves in host markets are often due to cross-listing waves in proximate home markets. Consistent with gravity-model implications and economic-synergy arguments of cross-listing decisions, cross-listing waves in a given host country coincide with the outperformance of the host and proximate home countries’ economies and financial markets. The valuation gains from listings associated with cross-listing waves are transitory, supporting the market-timing component in these decisions. Our results provide novel evidence of nonmonotonic market development across countries and over time.
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3

Cong, Ling Mei, Greg Tower, Mitchell Van der Zahn, and Alistair Brown. "Foreign primary listings and corporate governance bonding." Corporate Ownership and Control 8, no. 1 (2010): 800–817. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv8i1c8p5.

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This paper investigates whether a foreign primary listing is associated with corporate governance bonding of PRC firms listed in Hong Kong and Singapore. Consistent with bonding theory, there is a significant difference between the corporate governance quality of PRC firms with a foreign primary listing and counterparts with a domestic primary listing only (i.e. the PRC benchmark). The corporate governance quality of PRC foreign primary listing firms is not significantly different from foreign market benchmarks. The association between the foreign primary listing and corporate governance quality holds when firm characteristics are controlled for. Findings from this paper contribute to the cross listing literature by providing direct evidence on the corporate governance bonding associated with PRC foreign primary listings.
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Slaheddine, Trabelsi. "Earnings Quality, Earnings Management, and Cross-listings: Evidence from French Firms." Management and Economics Research Journal 01 (2015): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18639/merj.2015.01.156495.

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This article examines the earnings quality of French firms cross-listed in the United States and United Kingdom, and non-cross-listed French firms. We examined the quality of financial reporting based on measures of earnings management, timely loss recognition (TLR), and price-earnings association. We found that both cross-listings and non-cross-listings show significant earnings smoothing activities and tend to use accruals to manage earnings, and are not timely in loss recognition. We surmise that cross-listing in the United States or United Kingdom has not changed the accounting choices of French cross-listing firms relative to firms that are not cross-listed. However, our findings show that the market considers earnings and book value data of cross-listing firms to be more informative than those of non-cross-listing firms.
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5

Ho, Kim Hin David, Kwame Addae-Dapaah, and Fang Rui Lina Peck. "Cross-listing of real estate investment trusts (REITs)." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 35, no. 5 (2017): 509–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-08-2016-0063.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the common stock price reaction and the changes to the risk exposure of the cross-listing for real estate investment trusts (REITs). Design/methodology/approach The paper adopts the event study methodology to assess the abnormal returns (ARs). Pre- and post-cross-listing changes in the risk exposure for the domestic and foreign markets are examined, via a modified two-factor international asset pricing model. A comparison is made for two broad cross-listings, namely, the depositary receipts and the dual ordinary listings, to examine the impacts from institutional differences. Findings Cross-listed REITs generally experience positive and significant ARs throughout the event window, implying significant superior returns associated with the cross-listing for REITs. On systematic risks, REITs exhibit significant decline in their domestic market β coefficients after the cross-listing. However, the foreign market β coefficients do not yield conclusive evidence when compared across the sample. Research limitations/implications Results are consistent with prudential asset allocation for potential diversification gains from the cross-listing, as the reduction from the domestic market beta is more significant than changes in the foreign market beta. Practical implications The results and findings should incentivise REIT managers to explore viable cross-listing. Social implications Such cross-listing for REITs should enhance risk diversification. Originality/value This is a pioneer study on cross-listing of REITs. It provides a basis for investment decision making, and could provoke further research and discussion.
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Leven, Emily A., Ditian Li, Emilia Bagiella, Thomas D. Schiano, and Lauren Tal Grinspan. "Sex-based Differences and Comparative Predictive Value of MELD 3.0 in Simultaneous Liver-Kidney Transplantation Waitlist Outcomes After Standardization of Listing Criteria in the United States." Transplantation Direct 11, no. 5 (2025): e1781. https://doi.org/10.1097/txd.0000000000001781.

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Background. Sex disparities in solid organ transplantation are well documented. Relative changes in sex-based outcome disparities after the 2017 standardization of simultaneous liver-kidney (SLK) listing criteria in the United States have not been reported. We hypothesized that this policy’s objective measures of kidney dysfunction may differentially affect SLK patients by sex and that the use of MELD 3.0 in the SLK population might provide unique benefit to female transplant candidates. Methods. Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network data were retrospectively analyzed comparing 2013–2016 with 2018–2021 SLK listings. Waitlist outcomes and Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) 3.0 reclassifications were compared by sex and listing period. Results. There were 2626 and 2609 male patients and 1670 and 1919 female patients pre- and post-policy changes, respectively. The proportion of female SLK listings post-policy change (42.4%) was higher than both female SLK listings pre-policy change (38.9%) and female single-organ liver listings post-policy change (36.8%; P < 0.01). A statistically significant interaction between sex and listing group (pre- versus post-policy change) was present in multivariable analysis (P = 0.02). Female patients were more likely to have a higher MELD 3.0 score than the listing MELD/MELD-Na score when the listing MELD score was <30 (P < 0.01). Among all patients who died on the waitlist, female patients were nearly twice as likely to be underrepresented by listing MELD compared with MELD 3.0 (23% female and 13% male patients; P < 0.01). Conclusions. Waitlist outcomes were changed differentially between male and female patients after the 2017 SLK policy change. The application of MELD 3.0 to SLK patients is likely to benefit female patients.
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7

Wang, Shiheng, and Serena Wu. "Compliance costs and comparability benefits of cross-listing." Asian Review of Accounting 27, no. 4 (2019): 563–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ara-03-2019-0076.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine two channels through which accounting standard differences could affect cross-listing: compliance costs and/or comparability benefits. Design/methodology/approach The authors use two settings to disentangle the two channels. First, financial reporting requirements are more stringent for cross-listings via direct listings than cross-listings via depositary receipts; as a result, the effect of compliance costs (if any) would be manifested differently in the two venues of cross-listings. Second, some host countries allow foreign firms to report under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) without mandating IFRS for domestic firms; compared to host countries that mandate IFRS for both domestic and foreign firms, these IFRS-permitting countries provide a setting to test the importance of comparability benefits while holding constant compliance costs. Findings The authors find that prior to IFRS adoption, direct listings decrease with accounting standards differences between two countries while depositary receipts increase with such differences, consistent with the costs of complying with host country’s accounting standards affecting firms’ cross-listing decisions. After the harmonization of accounting standards, the authors find that IFRS-mandating host countries gain cross-listings from other IFRS-mandating jurisdictions, while IFRS-permitting countries do not experience such gains. These combined results suggest that accounting related compliance costs and comparability benefits both influence cross-listing decisions. Originality/value The paper employs unique settings that enable an in-depth examination of the role of compliance costs vs that of comparability benefits on cross-listing decisions. The settings employed by the authors allow them to disentangle the two channels and provide an important insight that accounting standard-related compliance costs and comparability benefits both affect cross-listing decisions.
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8

Xie, Karen, and Zhenxing Mao. "The impacts of quality and quantity attributes of Airbnb hosts on listing performance." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 29, no. 9 (2017): 2240–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-07-2016-0345.

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Purpose With the prevalence of the sharing economy phenomenon, there are an increasing number of hosts on Airbnb who manage more than one listing. Managing more listings likely makes hosts more seasoned in terms of serving guests, but it may undermine host quality due to hosts’ constrained capability. This paper aims to examine the effects of host quality attributes and the number of listings per host on the reservation performance of these listings. Design/methodology/approach Using a large-scale but granular data set of 5,805 active listings of 4,608 Airbnb hosts in Austin, Texas, this study estimates the effects of host attributes (host quality and listing quantity) on the performance of the hosts’ Airbnb listings through a blend of regression models. Findings This study evidences that host quality attributes significantly influence listing performance through cue-based trust. In addition, this study finds a “trade-off” between host quality and the quantity of their listings. As the number of listings managed by a host increases, the performance effects of host quality diminish. Research limitations/implications The business implications of this study include the suggestion that sharing economy businesses such as Airbnb should sustain service quality through incentivizing hosts to improve host quality while balancing the quantity of listings managed. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature through its meaningful theoretical extension in the sharing economy context and unique data-driven insights enabled by an analytical approach. It addresses the critical but less researched topic of host quality and listing quantity and generates important practical business and policy implications.
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9

Banks, Helene R., Bradley J. Bondi, Charles A. Gilman, et al. "SEC approves Nasdaq rule change to permit direct listings without an IPO." Journal of Investment Compliance 20, no. 3 (2019): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joic-05-2019-0031.

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Purpose To explain the rule changes in Nasdaq’s new Listing Rule IM-5315-1, approved by the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on February 15, 2019, that permit direct listings on Nasdaq without an initial public offering, similar to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) rule changes approved in 2018. Design/methodology/approach Explains the legislative and regulatory background, historic limitations on direct Nasdaq listings, and de-tailed provisions of Nasdaq’s new Listing Rule IM-5315-1. Findings The direct listing alternative to an IPO may appeal to cash-rich companies that do not need the publicity or new capital associated with a traditional IPO. Originality/value Expert analysis from experienced securities litigation and corporate governance lawyers.
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10

Chaturvedula, Chakrapani. "The Effect of ADR & GDR Listing on Shareholder’s Wealth: Evidence from India." Accounting and Finance Research 7, no. 2 (2018): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/afr.v7n2p174.

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During the period January 2000 to December 2007, seventy nine companies raised capital through the ADR/GDR issues 99 times. This paper looks at the impact of ADR/GDR listing on shareholders wealth. Using an event study methodology and for the sample consisting of 13 ADR and 86 GDR listings the present study finds that ADR/GDR listing negatively effects shareholders wealth. The present study indicates that the potential drawbacks outweigh the benefits in international listing in Indian markets in the short run.
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11

Chen, Ziyang. "The Path of Alibabas IPO." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 6, no. 1 (2023): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/6/20220212.

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With the development and growth of enterprises, listing always provides leapfrog development for them. Almost all of the worlds well-known large enterprises have realized they could expand the size and quickly cross into the ranks of large enterprises through listing and financing. However, as one of the largest internet companies in China, Alibabas journey to list is quite different than others. This paper focuses on the analysis of Alibabas listing by using a combination of literature research, descriptive method and comparative analysis. This is demonstrated by first describing Alibabas listing experience in chronological order; then analyzing the reasons and impacts of its listing from three aspects: social, economic, and global development; and finally, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of Alibabas listing locations, Hong Kong and New York. So far, Alibaba has gone through three listings in two places and the impact of each one has been significant to the local market or to the main industry. When Alibaba went public in the U.S. in 2014, that was a primary listing, and then in November 2019, Alibaba went public again in Hong Kong, which is called a secondary listing. Now Alibaba is considering a dual primary listing in Hong Kong while maintaining its U.S. listing, so that they can not be affected by each other. The both sides of the stock price are independent, if one is delisted, it does not affect the other.
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12

Castelli, Mauro, Maria Dobreva, Roberto Henriques, and Leonardo Vanneschi. "Predicting Days on Market to Optimize Real Estate Sales Strategy." Complexity 2020 (February 25, 2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4603190.

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Irregularities and frauds are frequent in the real estate market in Bulgaria due to the substantial lack of rigorous legislation. For instance, agencies frequently publish unreal or unavailable apartment listings for a cheap price, as a method to attract the attention of unaware potential new customers. For this reason, systems able to identify unreal listings and improve the transparency of listings authenticity and availability are much on demand. Recent research has highlighted that the number of days a published listing remains online can have a strong correlation with the probability of a listing being unreal. For this reason, building an accurate predictive model for the number of days a published listing will be online can be very helpful to accomplish the task of identifying fake listings. In this paper, we investigate the use of four different machine learning algorithms for this task: Lasso, Ridge, Elastic Net, and Artificial Neural Networks. The results, obtained on a vast dataset made available by the Bulgarian company Homeheed, show the appropriateness of Lasso regression.
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13

Sabgayda, Tamara P. "THE PREVENTABLE CAUSES OF DEATH IN RUSSIA AND IN THE EU COUNTRIES." Health Care of the Russian Federation 61, no. 3 (2019): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0044-197x-2017-61-3-116-122.

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To analyze functioning of health care systems in the European countries, a new listing of preventable causes of death was developed, ignoring impact of policy of population health protection. The following question is arising: does proximity of rates of more than ten-year decreasing of preventable and non-preventable mortality in Russia is conditioned by occurred necessity of adjustment of listing of preventable causes? The study was carried out to investigate applicability of the new listing of preventable causes for analyzing mortality of population of Russia. The comparative analysis was applied to dynamics of preventable mortality evaluated according two listings for Russia and EU countries up to May 2004 (Holland W., 1997; Nolte E., McKee M., 2004). In both listings the causes were assorted in three levels of mortality prevention. The information of European mortality database WHO/Europe was used. The analysis concerned males and females aged from 25 to 64 years during 1999-2013. The results of analysis of dynamics of preventable mortality in the EU counties substantially depend on listing of preventable causes whereas in Russia this dependency is observed only during analysis of female mortality. For the EU countries it is inexpediently to consider causes depending on primarily prevention of diseases as related to controllable mortality. However, in Russia these causes have a crucial impact on level and dynamics of mortality. So, in Russia the old listing of preventable causes continues to be actual and the new listing can be applied only as additional source of information to results of evaluation of functioning of health care system developed on the basis of the old listing.
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14

Eng, Li Li, and Ying Chou Lin. "Accounting Quality, Earnings Management and Cross-Listings: Evidence from China." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 15, no. 02 (2012): 1250009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091512500099.

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This paper examines the quality of financial reporting of Chinese firms cross-listed in the United States, Hong Kong and noncross-listed Chinese firms. We examine quality of financial reporting based on measures of earnings management, timely loss recognition and price-earnings association. We find that both cross-listings and noncross-listings show significant earnings smoothing and use accruals to manage earnings, and are not timely in loss recognition. We surmise that cross-listing in the United States or Hong Kong has not changed the accounting choices of Chinese cross-listing firms. However, our findings show that the market considers earnings and book value data of cross-listing firms to be more informative than those of noncross-listing firms in the event of good news. Our contribution is to show that in contrast to previous literature, firms from China do not have better reporting quality when they cross-list in the United States. There are still significant accounting deficiencies in many Chinese firms cross-listed in the United States (Financial Times, 2011).
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Huber, Sarah, Jonathan Fridell, Rachel Patzer, and Katie Ross Driscoll. "250 Transplant center level variation in listing patients for liver transplant with initial inactive status." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 9, s1 (2025): 77. https://doi.org/10.1017/cts.2024.895.

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Objectives/Goals: Our objectives were to describe the characteristics of patients initially listed with inactive status on the liver transplant waitlist to identify if disparities exist and compare the prevalence of initial inactive status listings across transplant centers. Methods/Study Population: This was a retrospective cohort study of candidates waitlisted for liver transplant between March 1, 2023 and February 12, 2023, utilizing the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, a national database including all solid organ transplant candidates. 224,736 candidates were included in analysis, and covariates included race, ethnicity, sex, age, body mass index, primary payer, MELD at listing, and etiology of liver disease. Results/Anticipated Results: Totally, 8,131 (3.62%) candidates were initially listed for liver transplant with inactive status. Although there were statistically significant differences between those listed initially with active status and those listed initially with inactive status in each covariate, these differences did not reach clinical significance. Of the 151 transplant centers, 128 listed any patients with an initial inactive status, with inactive status listings compromising 0–49.36% of total listings by transplant center. There is significant variation between listing centers in the practice of listing with initial inactive status by both liver disease etiology and across different eras of liver allocation policies. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Despite no significant clinical difference in the characteristics of patients listed with initial inactive status, there is significant variation across transplant centers of the prevalence of listing with initial inactive status. Subsequent investigations will focus on understanding these differences in listing practices between centers.
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Li, Xin, and Wei Liang. "Impact of Market Information Efficiency on Corporate Listing and Financing: Evidence from China." Sustainability 14, no. 20 (2022): 13594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013594.

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In this paper, we examine the impact of China’s capital market information efficiency on enterprise listing and financing. The results reveal the following: (1) High-efficiency market information sharing leads reduced enterprise equity financing costs and waiting times for enterprise listing and to an increased willingness of investors to invest. These effects increase the proportion of domestic financing for Chinese companies and the proportion of domestic listings. (2) Compared with non-crisis periods, market information efficiency did not affect the listing and financing of Chinese enterprises during the US subprime mortgage crisis, and its promotion effect declined during the global financial crisis and European debt crisis. (3) The promotion effect of market information efficiency on enterprise listing and financing is strengthened by the cross listing of enterprise AB and AH shares. (4) The impact of market information efficiency is more significant for private enterprises than for state-owned enterprises.
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Ferris, Stephen Paul, and Min Yu Liao. "Relative Governance and the Global Cross-Listing Decision: Extending the Bonding Hypothesis." Accounting and Finance Research 7, no. 1 (2017): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/afr.v7n1p82.

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Using a comprehensive set of cross-listings, we extend the bonding hypothesis by developing what we term as the relative bonding hypothesis. We hypothesize that firms seek the advantages of stronger investor protections by listing in countries whose governance is relatively better than its own. This means that firms can achieve bonding without listing in the U.S and that the governance advantages of bonding are not only for ADRs. We find that firms are more likely to choose a cross-listing destination if the host country has better governance than the home country, except those firms from countries whose managers enjoy greater private benefits of control. We also find that there is valuation premium even when cross-listing occurs outside of the U.S. The premia are even stronger if the host country has better governance than that of the home country. We conclude that although bonding might explain the existence of ADRs, relative bonding helps to explain the extensive cross-listing which occurs outside of the U.S.
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18

Tavel, Adam. "Listing." Ploughshares 47, no. 4 (2021): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/plo.2021.0125.

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Chen, Long, Jeff Ng, and Albert Tsang. "The Effect of Mandatory IFRS Adoption on International Cross-Listings." Accounting Review 90, no. 4 (2014): 1395–435. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-50982.

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ABSTRACT Using a comprehensive dataset of international cross-listings spanning 34 (50) home (target) countries, we examine whether mandatory IFRS adoption facilitates firms' cross-listing activities. Our results using difference-in-differences analyses show that firms that mandatorily adopt IFRS exhibit significantly higher cross-listing propensity and intensity following IFRS adoption. We also find that firms from mandatory IFRS adoption countries are more likely to cross-list their securities in countries also mandating IFRS and countries with larger and more liquid capital markets. We further find that IFRS adoption has a greater effect on mandatory IFRS adopters from countries with larger accounting differences from IFRS, lower disclosure requirements, and less access to external capital prior to IFRS adoption. Our findings are consistent with the notion that mandatory IFRS adoption facilitates firms' cross-listing activities and highlight the importance of considering the change in cross-listings when examining the capital market consequences of mandatory IFRS adoption.
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20

Eckman, Stephanie. "Do Different Listers Make the Same Housing Unit Frame? Variability in Housing Unit Listing." Journal of Official Statistics 29, no. 2 (2013): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jos-2013-0021.

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Abstract Housing unit listing is often used in countries that do not have household or person registries to create frames for household surveys. While several studies have reported the kinds of units and areas that are at risk of overcoverage and undercoverage in such frames, none has looked at variability in the listing process. This article explores this variability by comparing two frames created by trained field staff using the same methods and materials. The overall overlap rate between the two listings is 80%. In nearly all blocks, the listers created different frames, and in more than ten percent of the blocks, the two frames did not overlap at all. In this observational study, the overlap between the two frames is particularly low in the blocks listed using the traditional (from scratch) listing method. There is also evidence that sometimes one lister visited the wrong block. The results show that the listing process can introduce variance into survey data.
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Chen, Long, Yashu Dong, Jeff Ng, and Albert Tsang. "Cross-Listings and Voluntary Disclosure: International Evidence." Journal of Financial Reporting 4, no. 2 (2019): 89–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jfir-52576.

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This paper examines changes in firms' disclosure behavior around cross-listings. Using an international setting, we find significant differences in management forecast likelihood and frequency between cross-listed firms and firms with similar characteristics but that are not cross-listed; particularly when differences in accounting standards between a cross-listed firm's home and target countries are larger. Further, we find that firms choosing to cross-list in target countries with larger accounting standards differences tend to provide more voluntary disclosure during the two years preceding a new cross-listing, rather than during the earlier time periods or the period after cross-listing, and such voluntary disclosure helps firms attract more foreign institutional ownership in their cross-listing target countries. Collectively, our evidence suggests that although differences in accounting standards across countries deter firms' cross-listing activities, cross-listed firms, by providing more management forecasts voluntarily, preemptively alleviate the information disadvantage faced by foreign institutional investors.
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Kumar, Manoj, L. M. Bhole, and Shahrokh M. Saudagaran. "Investment-Cash Flow Sensitivity and Access to Foreign Capital of Overseas Listed Indian Firms." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 28, no. 1 (2003): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920030104.

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Between May 1992 and June 2001, 72 Indian firms listed their 85 Depositary Receipt (DR) programmes on the foreign capital markets. Most Indian DR programmes are listed on the European exchanges rather than on the US exchanges. This paper studies firm-level financial data of foreign listed Indian firms to see whether the ‘improved access to external capital markets’ is an important consideration for Indian firms listing on the foreign markets. The results of the study can be interpreted in terms of informational disclosure requirements of the foreign markets (in our case the Global Depositary Receipts– GDR markets) where sample Indian firms have listed their securities. The firms listed on the US exchanges have to necessarily follow US GAAP in casting of their accounts and disclose more. Hence, US listing acts as a signal about the firm's level of transparency and disclosures which, in turn, reduces informational asymmetry between managers and external investors. Thus, listing of emerging markets' firms on the US exchanges improves their access to the external capital markets and hence reduces their investment-to-cash flow sensitivity. Also, till recently, two-way fungibility in the Indian DRs was not allowed. Foreign institutional investors (FIIs), investing in the Indian GDRs, are restricted from owning and trading in Indian shares listed on the Indian stock exchanges. Besides, Indian citizens were prohibited from owning and trading in Indian DRs listed on the foreign markets. These factors impede the free flow of information between the GDR markets and Indian markets. Thus, GDR listings by the Indian firms are rendered ineffective in removing the information asymmetry about the listing firms and in improving Indian firms' access to the external markets. The results of the study have the following implications: The policy makers should adopt a regulatory framework so that firms are encouraged to disclose more and thus become transparent. Managers should prefer listing firms' securities only on stringent and transparent foreign markets with listing requirements. The measures proposed will reduce the informational asymmetry for the Indian firms and hence improve their access to the external capital markets. But if these markets do not improve their transparency and disclosure levels, they will lose out to the US markets. Naturally, firms contemplating fresh listing on foreign markets will list their securities on the more transparent US markets to improve their access to the external capital markets. Corporate decision makers should realize that the listings on the US markets send strong signals about the firms' level of transparency and disclosures to the investing community. This signalling effect is rather less in case of listing on the GDR markets. This could be the reason for US exchanges becoming more successful in attracting foreign listings by the Indian firms compared to the London and the Luxembourg exchanges in recent years.
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Zouni, Georgia, Ioannis Katsanakis, Athanasios Athanasiadis, and Myrsini Sofia Nika. "The Impact of Antecedents on Airbnb Listing Prices: Evidence from Greece." Studia Periegetica 46, no. 2 (2024): 81–96. https://doi.org/10.58683/sp.1994.

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The study investigates varied effects that price antecedents have on Airbnb listings. Using data on 31705 listings from four major Greek regions (Athens, Thessaloniki, Crete, and the South Aegean), which appeared on Airbnb in December 2022 and were recorded by Inside Airbnb, the authors apply statistical tests and regression analysis to identify key pricing determinants. The results confirm the existence of evident differences in prices depending on external variables, such as the listing’s region, and internal listing qualities and host attributes. The findings offer valuable insights that individual hosts, professional listing administrators, and policymakers can use to adjust pricing strategies and regulations to changes taking place in the dynamic Airbnb market in Greece.
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Rucińska, Majka. "Dual listing as a factor of European capital markets integration — introductory issues." Studenckie Prace Prawnicze, Administratywistyczne i Ekonomiczne 35 (June 10, 2021): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/1733-5779.35.7.

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This paper provides an introduction to the problems relating to dual listings (also referred to as cross-listings, parallel listings, double listings), i.e. simultaneous listings of a company’s shares on at least two stock exchanges, subject rarely discussed in doctrine. The paper analyses dual listing as a factor of the integration of the European capital markets and touches upon terminological issues of key importance for the subject.
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Choi, Jong-Hag, Jeong-Bon Kim, Xiaohong Liu, and Dan A. Simunic. "Cross-Listing Audit Fee Premiums: Theory and Evidence." Accounting Review 84, no. 5 (2009): 1429–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2009.84.5.1429.

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ABSTRACT: We study the effects of cross-listings on audit fees. We first develop a model in which legal environments play a crucial role in determining the auditor's legal liability. Our model and analysis predict that auditors charge higher fees for firms that are cross-listed in countries with stronger legal regimes than they do for non-cross-listed firms and that the cross-listing audit fee premium increases with the difference in the strength of legal regimes between the cross-listed foreign country and the home country. We then empirically test these predictions. The results of our cross-country regressions strongly support our predictions. In addition, we find no significant cross-listing fee premium for firms that are cross-listed in countries whose legal regimes are. no stronger than those of their home countries. This suggests that cross-listing audit fee premiums are associated with increased legal liability and not with increased audit complexity per se. Our findings help explain why cross-listing premiums occur and what determines their magnitude.
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Bradfield, D. J., and B. G. Hampton. "The post-listing performance of new listings: A study on the JSE." South African Journal of Business Management 20, no. 2 (1989): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v20i2.945.

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The authors examine the post-listing performance of new issues on the JSE. On the basis of an empirical study conducted over the 1975-1986 period, evidence is presented indicating that abnormal returns do occur during the post-listing period. The existence of hot and cold issue periods are also found to be evident on the JSE and the performance in the aftermarket is found to differ substantially in these periods. In hot issue periods abnormal returns are found in almost the entire 12-month period subsequent to listing, with excess returns reaching as much as 7% per month during the subsequent year. The results for cold issue periods by contrast reveal abnormal returns only up to the first three months after issue, whereafter substantially negative returns occur in several subsequent months. Significant positive relationships were also evident between the opening premia and some important behavioural characteristics in the aftermarket, namely, abnormal returns one year after issue and volumes traded in the aftermarket.
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Liu, Yicong, Saeed Shakib, Eric J. Miller, and Khandker Nurul Habib. "Modeling home property listings’ time-on-market duration and listing outcome using copula-based competing risk method." Journal of Transport and Land Use 17, no. 1 (2024): 579–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2024.2447.

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Modeling housing market dynamics is an important component of land use and transport interaction (LUTI) models, particularly for microsimulation models and how they handle the market clearance mechanism. However, most of these models include key assumptions not derived or validated through empirical testing, such as when and what action a seller would take if a property could not be sold within an expected time. However, these are key decision elements of the housing market clearance process. To fill this research gap, this study uses real estate sale listing data to investigate the factors influencing a property listing’s time-on-market (TOM) duration, listing outcome, and correlation. A copula-based structure is developed to jointly estimate the TOM and listing outcome through a competing hazard duration model and a nested logit model. The results show statistically significant and positive correlations between the TOM of terminated listings and termination choices (i.e., whether the terminated listing will be withdrawn from the market, converted to a lease, or re-listed as a sale). This implies that the unobserved factors that may increase a seller’s probability of terminating a listing would decrease its TOM duration until the termination. It is also found that an increase in the asking price of a property listing can significantly increase its TOM duration and probability of being terminated. The copula-based joint model can be integrated into a LUTI microsimulation framework to parameterize the maximum TOM duration of each simulated property for sale in the housing market, improving its market-clearing process to represent real-world behavior better.
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Bates, Susan. "Literature Listing." World Patent Information 65 (June 2021): 102044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wpi.2021.102044.

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Editors, IALLT. "Membership Listing." IALLT Journal of Language Learning Technologies 5, no. 3 (2019): 26–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/iallt.v5i3.8804.

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Bates, Susan. "Literature Listing." World Patent Information 64 (March 2021): 102019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wpi.2021.102019.

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Redmond, Jim. "Special Listing." BioScience 40, no. 4 (1990): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1311254.

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Bates, Susan. "Literature Listing." World Patent Information 69 (June 2022): 102109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wpi.2022.102109.

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Bates, Susan. "Literature listing." World Patent Information 67 (December 2021): 102081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wpi.2021.102081.

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34

Sing, Tien Foo, and Yiheng Zou. "Improving search efficiency in housing markets using online listings." Real Estate Economics, March 27, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6229.12482.

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AbstractThe use of online listing portals helps improve search efficiency in real estate markets. Unlike the traditional channel, buyers could search more properties and find ones with characteristics that were closer to their preferences via the online channel. Using the merged data sets containing online listings and transactions in the private residential property markets in Singapore, we found that real estate agents sell houses for an average premium of 4.21% using online listings relative to other agents using the traditional listing channel. The models use the propensity score matching approach to remove compositional differences in the samples and include property and spatial attributes in the controls, as well as the fixed effects on the agency, planning sector, and month‐year. Using only the matched online listing‐transaction samples, we found that exclusive listings, using more words and numeric in listing content, making listing descriptions easy to read, and selecting multiple listing portals are online listing strategies that enable real estate agents to sell houses faster and above the asking prices.
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Kinyuah, Samuel. "Quality of Listing Firms in Equity Primary Market in Kenya." Journal of Accounting and Finance in Emerging Economies 10, no. 2 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jafee.v10i2.2982.

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Purpose: Kenya has experienced a drought in initial public offerings (IPOs) since 2014. Among varied causes of IPO Drought is decline in demand of IPO shares by retail investors. This paper assert decline in demand is partially attributed to low-quality listings in the past that underperformed in both short- and long-run. Design: The paper investigated quality of listing firms at the time of listing on all IPOs made between 2000 to 2014 in Nairobi Securities Exchange using various dimensions. Findings: The results revealed most of listing firms lacked growth opportunities, reported weak financial performances and engaged in earnings managements. Liberal listing guidelines aiming at attracting firms to list in numbers led to low-quality offerings. Implication: Strategy of liberal listing requirements is counterproductive as demand for the listings keep shrinking due to low-quality of listed firms that underperform in long-run. The study recommends reviewing of listing requirements so that only high-quality firms are allowed to list to keep the market vibrant. As long as low quality offerings are allowed, retail IPO investors will keep off the market as they suffer adverse selection costs
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Yan, Ruihe, Kem Zikun Zhang, and Xiang Gong. "Listing popularity on the peer-to-peer accommodation platform: the heuristic-systematic and uncertainty reduction perspectives." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-12-2020-1381.

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Purpose Listing popularity indicates the public’s interest in a listing on peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation platforms. Although listing popularity is crucial to the survival and development of the P2P accommodation platform, this issue has received limited attention in the tourism management discipline. Drawing upon the heuristic-systematic model and uncertainty reduction theory, this study aims to examine the impacts of host and property attributes on listing popularity. Design/methodology/approach The model was empirically validated using a data set of 6,828 listings on a popular P2P accommodation platform called Airbnb. This study chooses a hierarchical regression analysis to perform the model validation. Findings The findings reveal that host self-disclosure, host reputation and host identity verification are key host attributes in promoting listing popularity. Meanwhile, property visual description, property photo verification and property visual appeal are important property attributes in facilitating listing popularity. Research limitations/implications The study adds useful insights on understanding on determinants of listing popularity. Future researchers are recommended to empirically verify the underlying psychological mechanism by which host attributes and property attributes influence listing popularity. Practical implications The P2P accommodation platform should promote the listing popularity by taking advantage of the host attributes and providing property attributes. Originality/value First, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the few studies to explore the formation of the listing popularity. Second, this study examines how the host and property attributes promote the listing popularity through the heuristic and systematic information processing modes.
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Ante, Lennart, and André Meyer. "Cross-listings of blockchain-based tokens issued through initial coin offerings: Do liquidity and specific cryptocurrency exchanges matter?" Decisions in Economics and Finance, March 17, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10203-021-00323-0.

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AbstractInitial coin offerings (ICOs) represent a novel funding mechanism where digital tokens are issued on the blockchain and sold to investors. One major reason for the success of this financing model is the fact that the issued tokens can immediately be traded on secondary markets. This event study analyzes 250 exchange cross-listings of 135 different tokens issued through ICOs on 22 cryptocurrency exchanges. We find significant abnormal returns of 6.51% on the listing day and 9.97% over a seven-day window around the event. Further analysis shows that the results clearly differ for individual cryptocurrency exchanges, as listings on individual exchanges yield returns of up to 34% on the event day, while others are negligible. An investigation of liquidity-related metrics shows that lower prior trading volume and asset market capitalization have positive effect on listing returns. Investors use phases of high market liquidity to sell off positions around the period of cross-listing events. The results on the cross-listing effects of ICOs may be of relevance to investors/traders, ICO projects, cryptocurrency exchanges and regulators.
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38

"Listing." Nursing Standard 3, no. 47 (1989): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.3.47.28.s36.

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"Listing." Nursing Standard 8, no. 23 (1994): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.8.23.70.s70.

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"Listing." Nursing Standard 8, no. 49 (1994): 78–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.8.49.78.s54.

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"Listing." Nursing Standard 12, no. 16 (1998): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.12.16.71.s51.

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"Listing." Nursing Standard 12, no. 28 (1998): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.12.28.87.s45.

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"Listing." Nursing Standard 12, no. 29 (1998): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.12.29.71.s51.

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"Listing." Nursing Standard 10, no. 10 (1995): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.10.10.71.s55.

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"Listing." Nursing Standard 10, no. 14 (1995): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.10.14.71.s48.

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"Listing." Nursing Standard 10, no. 4 (1995): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.10.4.71.s65.

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"Listing." Nursing Standard 7, no. 17 (1993): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.7.17.70.s63.

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"Listing." Nursing Standard 4, no. 32 (1990): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.4.32.30.s61.

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"Listing." Nursing Standard 13, no. 28 (1999): 60–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.13.28.60.s57.

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"Listing." Nursing Standard 13, no. 35 (1999): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.13.35.60.s66.

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