Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Littérature anglaise – 19e siècle – Thèmes, motifs'
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Durand, Isabelle. "Aspects de la représentation du Moyen Age dans la littérature romantique : domaines français, anglais, allemand." Nantes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NANT3010.
Full textThe romantic period is regarded as the moment of renewed interest for the Middle-Ages, a time the Age of Enlightenment had neglected. This revival can be witnessed in such various fields as history, architecture, musci or literature, which convergence leads us to consider the return to the Middle-Ages as a basic element of rmantic thought. As it is, its presence within new genres that regained favour thanks to rmanticism (the tale, the ballad, the romantic drama, the historic novel) induces us to measure the essential role of the return to the Middle-Ages in the coming out of a new conception of lietrature breaking off with classical rules. These various genres enable to emphasize the image of a largely fantasmatic Middle-Ages period reflecting the romantic expectations and dreams. Its high plasticity also enables it to be emodied in major characters the romantic thought tens to build up into myths (Charlemagne, Louis XI th. , Joan of ARc or Faustus). Containing typical medieval perceptions, they gather the main aesthetic and ideological issues associated with the Middle-Ages. It becomes possible then to put forwards a typology of the various romantic Middle-Ages, underlining the perceptions pertaining to the grotesque aspect of the period, those associating it to the fabulous and the terrifying, and those building it up into a golden age. Yet, difficult to reconcile as they are, these perceptions, seemingly ascribable to a common feature, tend to put forwards the original and the primitive. Thus, the Middle-Ages give birth to a myth, a myth of a primitive time hal-way between history and legend. This mythified past in which romanticism looks both foran an utterly remote otherness and its own identify proves to be a way to escape a devalued present. As a source of new inspiration, the return to medieval past is paradoxically one of the best means of expression of the modernity of the romantic movement
Monneyron, Frédéric. "L'imaginaire androgyne d'Honoré de Balzac à Virginia Woolf." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040261.
Full textThe androgyne can be found in the mythologies of many cultural areas. In the western one, plate uses it as an illustration of his theories of love, then it appears as a major element in Judeo-Christian mystical and theosophical systems. If on the one hand the ethno-religious myth can be easily located and if its patterns are clear, on the other hand it takes time for the literary myth to find its way out. At the beginning of the 19th century, the neo-classical aesthetics, the progress of medical research and the increasing interest in mysticism are chances for the literary myth to develop. In France, during the romantic period, Balzac and Gautier with Seraphita and Mademoiselle de Maupin, in two different ways, found a genuine literary myth. The androgyne becomes in the works of the French and English writers at the end of the century an important character of the decadence. But no perfect symmetry is to be seen anymore and the idea takes form as two opposite characters : the effeminate young man and the boyish woman. This decay of the symbol brings along the expression of a "different" sexuality. Recollection of some of the most significant patterns of the myth is allowed from time thanks to the esoteric tradition of the androgyne which is known by some of the novelists. In the other way, the literary imaginary of the time has strong influence on the doctrin itself. Although psychoanalysis is unable to consider bisexuality but as a hypothesis, the androgyne receives at the beginning of the 20th century a psychological integration. Indeed, the will to androgyny can be read in some of the D. H. Lawrence’s works as an attempt to balance heterosexual and homosexual desires and in the feminist way of V. Woolf's Orlande as the search of the truth beyond immediate appearances. These directions, though close to the patterns of the myth, are nevertheless the witnesses of its death. But they show the strength of the archetype and give way to the rich and diverse imaginary of today
Baudon, Laurence. "Des enfances meurtries : le personnage d'enfant en Angleterre et en France dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20066.
Full text"Bruised children" call to mind the glance about a new character into novels in the nineteenth century : the character of suffering children in France and in England. This study approachs literary movments (realism, naturalism, popular literature) and sets the child's statuts up according to a double viewpoint : the child in society, the child as a person. Child working, stray child along the roads and into the towns are representations of a new glance of novelists about a social class which was not, until now, approached in fiction : the ordinary people. Social structures and family life allows novelists to write about the personal statut of the child, wether he maintains himself against exploitation, wether he becomes a victim of social or family opression. The study is ending with personality of children who are daring to refuse social or family exploitation, children we'll find again in the fiction of the twentieth century
Chiari-Lasserre, Sophie. "L'image du labyrinthe dans la culture et la littérature de la Renaissance anglaise : origines, diffusion, appropriations et interprétations." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30086.
Full textIn the Elizabethan period, the image of the labyrinth was being re-appropriated in several ways, all based on an ideal first championed by Horace : discordia concors. Throughout Antiquity, the story related to Theseus and the Minotaur had been retold many times, by authors such as Pliny, Ovid, Plutarch, whose texts were to be digested by translators. Renaissance England could boast, too, of an impressive medieval heritage, which favoured the didactic transmission of the myth : the influence of clerical writings linked to the idea of the unicursal maze, one way leading to God, contributed to the popularization of the legend. Gradually, the symbol was secularized during the sixteenth century. Although mythic multicursal paths proliferated in gardens, representations, danse and poetry, they reached their climax on stage. As an obsessional motif, the labyrinth is a hermeneutic key revealing new interpretative tracks exploring a multisemic theatre, whose possibilities remain to be exploited
Grenet, Sylvie. "Le génie du lieu dans l'aquarelle anglaise (1750-1850)." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040041.
Full textThe function of the genius of [the] place, whose sacred origin dates back to antiquity, is to preside over a given place and to maintain its sacred and ancient characteristics. The expression "genius of [the] place" reappears in English literature during the 1730s, particularly when the authors describe real places. British watercolours of the Golden Age (1750-1850) also represent real places. The goal of this thesis, based on the study of these watercolours, is to demonstrate that 18th-century artists still keep the sacred alive, even when they represent real places. It also aims to show that the only way for artists to keep the place alive is to deny 18th-century rational thought, which tends to make the place disappear, and to reassert the existence of sacred thought. The study of the relationship between sacred thought and watercolours is divided into two parts. The first is devoted to an overview of 18th-century watercolours (Chapter 1) and of the texts mentioning the genius of [the] place (Chapter 2). The second deals with the analysis of nature (Chapter 3) and history (Chapter 4) in relation to the sacred
Mauré, Cécile. "Héritages et réappropriations du mythe d'Écho dans la littérature élisabéthaine." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30027.
Full textAt one and the same time an acoustical phenomenon, a mythological figure and a literary device, Echo offers Elizabethan artists many outlets. The Ovidian myth has been adulterated, moralised, synthesised, and appears in a hybrid form in the 1550's and 1560's. Echo captivates and puzzles artists because it involves representing what cannot in fact be represented. Poets and dramatists find their own way round this paradox. Under French and Italian influence, they follow the pastoral trend and place Echo in a new Arcadia where joy and melancholy are mingled. Frequently quoted in elegies and complaints, Echo is also a tragic figure associated with suffering and lamentation, who no longer praises the gods, but bewails the dead. Hidden in the shade, her voice becomes suspect, leading men on false trails, blurring signs in woods which are suddenly transformed into dangerous labyrinths. In Shakespeare's plays and poems, she stands for disorder, bearing witness to a changing world. Echo is considered a minor figure, yet she incarnates the different aspects of a rich and complex style of writing which delights in taking the reader on roundabout detours
Dupeyron, Françoise. "La scène italienne : roman et théâtralité chez G. Eliot, G. Gissing, H. James et W.D. Howells, 1875-1890." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030105.
Full textThe aim of this phd is to study the way in wich italy is represented in anglo-saxon literature at the end of the nineteenth century. The novels and works of eliot, gissing, howells, and james, belonf to the period 1875-1890, but the introduction presents an overview of the tradition of the italian journey, and of the representation of italy in fiction and literature from the renaissance onwards. This aims at stressing the various influence still to be felt at the end of the victorian period. The firest chapter is devoted to the study of the italien setting, from a historical and spatial point of view, but also from a pictorial point of view. Indeed, the tradition of painting on italian subjects conditions the writing mode of the works which are being studied in the phd, and gives them a pictorial aspect. Theatricality, to finish with, is the main feature of the italian setting, which is a stage, both materially and psychologically. The second chapter is devoted to comedy in italy, in the novels of gissing, howells, and to some extent in two of james's works. The third chapter deals with the tragic qualities of the italian setting in roderick hudson, and the portrait of a lady by james
Berec, Laurent. "Fête et métamorphose dans la littérature pastorale anglaise de 1579 à 1642." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030165.
Full textFrom Spencer's Shepherd's Calendar (1579) to Milton's Comus (1637), English pastoral literature is marked by a deep tension between an intellectual adherence to Christian orthodoxy and an instinctive attachment to a metamorphic conception of being which manifested itself in a vast number of archaic rituals and festivals. Nevertheless it seems that the ancestral outlook -a mixture of paganism and mediaeval catholicism- was rather on the wane in early modern England so that Protestant, even Puritan beliefs, were more widespread in the years preceding the Civil War. . .
Besson, Françoise. "Le paysage pyreneen dans les oeuvres d'ecrivains et d'artistes britanniques du dix-neuvieme siecle." Toulouse 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU20012.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is the study of the pyrenean landscape as seen by british artists pyrenean landscape are analysed in travel books, novels, short stories, poems as well as paintings and engravings. The first part deals with the influence of cultural references on the travellers' perception of the pyrenean landscape. In the second part, the role of the gradual identification of the vegetable and animal worlds and their function in the aesthetic representation of the pyrenees are exposed. The third part is devoted to the discovery of the pyrenean landscape through the observation of the human world. From the aesthetic and historical observation of architecture to the ethnological perception of pyrenean life, those chapters illustrate the role of the human world in the perception of the landscape. And the link between the landscape and language is analysed at the end of this part. In the fourth part of this thesis, the role of the landscape in poetry and fiction, particularly in gothic novels, is analysed. One chapter explains how some of these writers have used the pyrenean landscape in the structure of their works. Finally the last part deals with the spiritual revelation of the pyrenean landscape for those travellers. The traveller's attitude in front of the mountain, the religious perception of the landscape as well as the mountain-climber's quest are analysed in that part
Le, Reste Anne-Claire. "La question de la réalité dans les romans de la « période médiane » de Henry James (1881-1890) : le réalisme à l’épreuve du hors-texte." Rennes 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN20031.
Full textSoubrenie, Elisabeth. "La poésie de la solitude en Grande-Bretagne au XVIIIe siècle : 1725-1785." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030135.
Full textIn prosperous 18th-century britain the right for the individual to leave society for solitude was much debated. Through cross-currents of philanthropy and misanthropy, the response of poetry from 1725 to 1785 was manifold. Not only did the enjoyement of intellectually fruitful solitude develop on physico-theological lines (thomson), but also a growing awareness of the pleasures of melancholy (t. & j. Warton). Searching the limits of solitude through gentle or sublime nature (excursion poets, thomson, cowper), man was soon faced with the infinite (young, hervey), before collapsing beyond a point of no return. Disarray was stressed by religious questioning : was solitude an ordeal toward reunion with fod, or a token of man's alienation from god's grace ? despite the fear of madness and the appeal of suicide, the fall into the abyss of isolation was counterbalanced by a somewhat recevered sense of the self as a reliable centre, beyond loomng nothingness (graveyard school), landscape gardens also sheltered the quest for a decent aurea mediocritas (gray) within the great chain of being the poet could laugh off his fear into; poetry-writing (green), but poetry could also be the work of madness (smart), unless it remained framed by neoclassical poetic diction, turning solitude into a paradoxical tutelary presence
Boraso, Marina. "Enfances victoriennes et edwardiennes : étude sur la place de l'enfant dans la littérature et l'iconographie." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20060.
Full textParey, Armelle. "Représentations de l'ère victorienne dans le roman des iles britanniques (1969-1995) : "The french lieutenant's woman" de John Fowles, "The last testament of Oscar Wilde" de Peter Ackroyd, "Nice work" de David Lodge, "Possession" de A.S. Byatt, "Clare" de John Mackenna, "Poor things" d'Alasdair Gray." Caen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CAEN1290.
Full textPeyré, Yves. "La mythologie dans la tragédie élisabéthaine." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040013.
Full textThe analysis of mythological expression in Elizabethan tragedy rests on a study of the functions and conceptions of mythology in the culture of the English Renaissance. A diversity of mythographic approaches led to multiple, simultaneous readings of each myth, while inviting reflection on the problems of interpretation. At the same time, mythology contributed to literary and religious controversies. The emergence of a fashion for mythical elaboration centred on the sovereign paralleled that of scientific scepticism. Tragedy, which explores the magnifying and belittling potentialities of mythological rhetoric, and sets in play symbolic structures that progress from allegory to irony, raises questions about the nature and role of signs. Mythology, a language of stimulating syntheses also expressive of deep fractures, is used to create dramatic tension or ironic effects of anamorphosis in which it may be possible to apprehend what the Elizabethan mind viewed as tragic, that is to say, whatever undermined the combined ideals of renovatio and integratio. Finally, in exploring the expressive potentialities of mythology, the Elizabethans may have arrived at an intuitive inkling of what would become the concept of myth, as related to tragedy
Camilletti, Fabio. "Gelida Virgo : la figura letteraria della beatrice nella litteratura europea del XIX secolo (Italia, Francia, Gran Bretagna) : 1797-1907." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040171.
Full textThe aim animating this work is to investigate the image of pure and blissful femininity in 19th century literature (Italy, France, Great Britain), seen through the literary reprises of Dante’s Beatrice. Rediscovered by the Romantics, who considered courtly love as the great precursor of their own conception of love, Dante’s Vita Nova is reinterpreted in a romantic sense especially by D. G. Rossetti. In his works the “beatrice” (literally, “she who confers blessing”) becomes a figure of absence and of mourning: fin-de-siècle culture will intensify this misreading, turning the “beatrice” into a deadly and uncanny feminine figure, ultimately reversing the original, dantesque model. To define this proceeding, we have decided to use the Freudian category of the “Uncanny”: Romanticism, in rediscovering the medieval image of the “idealized woman”, is not anymore capable to understand its religious and devotional background, and this image shows itself, then – in the way of Aby Warburg’s “Nachleben” – as a ghostly persistence which has become deadly and weird
Latino, Piero. "La Rose initiatique. Des Fidèles d'Amour à la littérature européenne des XIXe et XXe siècles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL150.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the relationship between literature and esoteric currents, through the study of the symbol of the rose in European literature, more specifically in French and English literature of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This research is based on a transversal and interdisciplinary approach, bringing together different fields of literary and historical study, as well as a variety of literatures and authors from different periods. The initiatory dimension of the rose, coupled with the topos of love, is the basis of my research, whose starting point is a forgotten work from the nineteenth century: Il Mistero dell'Amor Platonico nel Medioevo by Gabriele Rossetti, father of the Pre-Raphaelite painter and poet Dante Gabriele Rossetti. In this work, for the first time Gabriele Rossetti revealed the esoteric dimension of the work of Dante and the Fedeli d’Amore (Faithful of Love) – the Italian love poets of the Middle Ages who, through their poetic compositions, conveyed mystical and initiatory ideas, as well as religious and political ones. According to Rossetti and the critical movement he initiated, this doctrine of esoteric love was also present in the love poets in a number of European contexts, such as the French troubadours and trouvères, the English minstrels, the German Minnesänger and the Scandinavian scaldes, handed down through the centuries until the nineteenth century. This aspect is the focus of my research: transmission of this alleged esoteric knowledge, in the form of love, to later centuries. In his Mistero dell’Amor Platonico, Gabriele Rossetti pointed out that the most important symbol for understanding the esoteric doctrine of love is the rose, and this thesis is devoted to the symbolism of this flower. The study of the initiatory dimension of the rose in literature involves two themes linked to the concept of initiation: one concerns mysticism and the other, initiatory Orders. In the first case, initiation is linked to a mystical dimension involving an ontological transformation of the being, while in the second, the symbolism of the rose refers to esoteric and initiatory Orders which have more or less directly played an important part in the history of ideas. These two themes are often connected and can be found in European writers such as Gérard de Nerval and William Butler Yeats. The first part of this thesis is devoted to Dante and the poets of the Middle Ages, as well as to authors of the Renaissance. I then move on to nineteenth and twentieth century authors, such as Honoré de Balzac, Gérard de Nerval, Joséphin Péladan, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Ezra Pound, William Butler Yeats and Umberto Eco. Most of the writers and poets featured in this thesis are directly or indirectly linked to Dante and the love poetry of the Middle Ages, to the Fedeli d’Amore, and even to Gabriele Rossetti. Thus, this research proposes a rethinking of literature – one in which esoteric culture and thought are of particular importance, as many literary works throughout history are imbued with elements and motifs referring to the esoteric tradition. The study of the esoteric and initiatory dimension of the rose symbol provides the opportunity to explore a field of research where literature is closely linked to esoteric currents, particularly in French and English literature (and more generally, in European literature) of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries: from the rose of the Fedeli d’Amore in the Middle Ages to the Secret Rose by William Butler Yeats, who affirmed that “no man or woman from the beginning of the world has ever known what love is”
Douglas, Blaise. "La littérature prophétique anglo-écossaise au XIVe siècle." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040147.
Full textRevon-Rivière, Elise. "Des textes intitulés Promenade à l'invention du promeneur et de l'observateur : le loisir lettré en ville dans les textes anglais et français des dix-septième et dix-huitième siècle." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070081.
Full textThis work deals with dozens of texts called « Promenade » from 1586 to the 19th century, with English journalism, with the invention of the word « promeneur » and "observateur" during the French Enlightenment
Thomas, Virginie. "Les représentations de la femme dans les transpositions des légendes arthuriennes au XIXe siècle et au début du XXe siècle." Grenoble 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE39045.
Full textIn the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th, an arthurian revival took place in british litterature and painting. Many preraphaelite painters, but also several famous writers (like Scott, Wordsworth, Tennyson, Arnold, Morris, Swinburne, Hardy, Eliot, just to name a few of them) were deeply inspired by the world of Camelot and, more particulary, by the women who live at Arthur's court. Our diachronic study aims at underlining the evolution of the reprentation of those women : they progressively came into the limelight during the romantic period before disappearing once more during the modernist period to give way to the grail theme, the symbol of the existentialist quest led by the artists of the time. The victorian period was the most flourishing for the representation of woman. Nevertheless, it should not be dealt with separately from the historical context of those transpositions, that is to say the victorian society which was characterized by its dualist vision of feminity : the angel in the house confronted the fallen woman. The representation of woman became a screen for or against desire. The arthurian legends were used to warn against the destructive potential of feminine sensuality ; or, on the opposite, they offered room for the possible satisfaction of the male sexual drives of the author or of the reader/spectator through an artistic sublimation. As a consequence, behind the face of the arthurian woman, the sexual and artistic fantasies of the victorian writers and preraphaelite painters - stifled by the social standards of their time - can be discerned
Peyroux, Sarah. "Marginaux et marginalité dans la poésie anglaise, 1770-1812." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030117.
Full textOutcasts are legion in English poetry of the "pre-Romantic" age. Poor peasants dispossessed by the Agricultural Revolution, prisoners, veterans, deserted women, apprenticed orphans, black slaves capture the sentimental poet's attention, and attract the philanthropic reader's sympathy. All of them are presented as victims of oppression and injustice. On the contrary, rogues, vagabonds and idle beggars are stigmatised: either laughed at, or pictured as a threat for the rest of society. They are opposed to a bourgeois ideal of frugal, industrious, domestic happiness praised by most. However, new aesthetic categories (the sublime and the picturesque), major philosophic trends, such as primitivism, are endorsed by the poets, who borrow simple words and metres from popular culture, extol the noble savage, and conjure up barbaric times. Thus magnified, "marginal men" can become doubles for the poet, and "marginality," the norm of poetic writing. The present research investigates this multifaceted approach to outcasts and outsiders as a turning point in British social, political, cultural and literary history. It focuses on the works of George Crabbe, William Wordsworth, and Robert Burns among others
Michel, Jean-Yves. "La mort en face : confrontations avec le crâne dans cinq tragédies anglaises de la renaissance tardive : "La Tragédie de l'athée", "La Tragédie du vengeur", "Hamlet", "La Duchesse d'Amalfi" et "Le Roi Lear"." Nancy 2, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc130/2002NAN21018_1.pdf.
Full textBetween 1600 and 1620, Elizabethan and Jabobean tragedy often focuses on a macabre stereotype - characters are shown staring at the face of Death. This stereotype is largely borrowed from the cultural setting of Shakespeare's day, which was dominated by the visual display of death, as defined in the memento mori conventions. Both the text and the staging of the tragedies of that age are concerned with staring at the Face of Death. The word " skull " and the stage property that corresponds to it cannot merely be considered as emblems of mortality, because they are both linked with the achetypes of Death. Indeed, these macabre signs regularly emphasize the spontaneous response to the staging of violence and death, so much so that they tend to unveil a death that refuses to be controlled by any emblematic setting or allegorical strategy. This ambivalent theatrical semiosis is studied in five tragedies : The Atheist's Tragedy, The Revenger's Tragedy, Hamlet, The Duchess of Malfi and King Lear
Desset, Fabien. "Mythes et légendes dans l'oeuvre de Percy Bysshe Shelley : étude hypertextuelle de la poésie mythologique shelleyenne." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR2022.
Full textThis work studies Percy Bysshe Shelley’s mythological poetry by using Gerard Genette’s theory of hypertextuality and, as a complement, the theory of thematology. Because Shelley is a learned poet and is particularly well-read in ancient literature, the hypertextual approach is a convenient tool to study his mythological poetry, which will be distinguished from his mythopoeic poetry or new, non-classical mythmaking. The aesthetic issue of the legitimacy of classical myths in Romanticism is also discussed, firstly, through the survey of Shelley’s literary context (19th century Hellenism, Wordsworth’s and Keats’s mythological poems) and, secondly, through the study of his various philosophical and aesthetic theories that may account for his use of mythology and folklore in his poetry. Three main works are considered here, Shelley’s translations of the Homeric hymns and Plato’s Symposium as well as ‘Prometheus Unbound’
Arru, Francesco. "La Vita Nova de Dante chez les écrivains de la deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle, en France, Italie, Grande-Bretagne." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040201.
Full textPrungnaud, Joëlle. "Gothique et décadence : recherche sur la continuité d'un mythe et d'un genre au XIXe siècle, en Angleterre et en France." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040309.
Full textThe first part of our research paper deals with the continuity of gothic myth and genre in the 19th century. After an attempt to prove the merits of such a notion as "myth" applied to the gothic revival aesthetic movement, we point out how the tradition was transferred from generation to generation, without a gap throughout the century. Then, after having sketched the gothic novel typology, we inquire about the way this genre was received from 1820 onwards, through a study of both parodies and catalogue of new editions and reissues of the original works. The examination of novel titles discloses the literary relationship between the first gothic novelists and their followers. An analysis of chosen works as part of such a continuous stream is then proposed. The second part of our work is devoted to the study of the french fin-de-siècle period and british eighteen nineties. We develop symmetrically the study of both myth and genre. After a review of the conditions in which each was received by public and readers, we organize our reflections in two directions : on the one hand, the constituent elements of gothic myth which are medievalism and praise of cathedrals ; on the other hand, the two main components of gothic genre i. E. The sinister mansion pattern and the hero-villain figure. We bring out the main features of "decadent gothic", which revived the themes and form of a literary tradition that would otherwise have been lost in commonplace imitation or hackneyed expression. Thus we see how decadence keeps the tale of terror alive and fully restores its richness and fruitfulness
Pauthier, Moghaddassi Fanny. "Géographies du monde, géographies de l’âme : le voyage dans la littérature anglaise de la fin du Moyen Âge." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040064.
Full textEnglish literature from the late Middle Ages largely resorts to the theme of travelling. Narrating explorations (Mandeville’s Travels, Saint Brendan, or Kyng Alisaunder), travels in the beyond (Saint Patrick, The Vision of Tundale) or the adventures of wandering knights (Sir Orfeo, Sir Degarre and Floris and Blauncheflour), such literature always aims, in different ways, at representing the real world. It traces a geography of the earth characterised by the proximity between the living and the dead and the presence of the marvellous. Nevertheless, the exploration does not lead to the conquest of the places visited : on the contrary, the otherness of the new worlds makes its way into the traveller and takes possession of him. The journey then appears as the visit of an inner space : it reflects the psychological evolution of an individual and the way a society looks at itself. What is ‘other’ questions the identity of the traveller and in the eyes of the writers, the real stake of this movement is the soul’s quest for God
Ayache, Lydie. "L'image de la femme dans le roman anglais, 1836-1876." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040278.
Full textThe novel, a literary genre which was created in England in the 18th century, developed immensely and became very popular in the 19th century. The great authors were no longer the privilege of the elite, but were read by an increasing number of readers in such a constant way that they were used to improve the morals of the population. A new literary ideal was invented, and it inspired a series of remarkable novels. My work deals with this new feminine ideal, and follows its evolution in the 19th century literary production, through the novels of William M. Thackeray, Charles Dickens, Charlotte, Emily, Anne Brontë and George Eliot. My aim is to show that, thanks to the Victorian ideal, these great authors found new literary devices which revealed a deeper and more authentic image of woman
Schnebelen, Florence. "Expérience et identité romantique : les configurations de l’expérience dans la littérature allemande, anglaise et française du romantisme émergent (1795-1818)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL127.
Full textA major scientific and philosophical concept of the eighteenth century, the Experience manifests itself in the works of the new emerging Romanticism (1795-1818); both as a privileged theme and as a contribution to an aesthetic construction.Studying the polyvocal understanding of the notion of experience in a comparative corpus, like in Novalis’, Mme de Stäel’s, Coleridge’s, Tieck’s, Senancour’s, Keats’s, to mention a few, makes it possible to observe, against a certain legacy of literary history, the nuances in the Romantic identity during its own making. The poetic analysis, combined with the diachronic perspective of the history of ideas, shows the wealth of conceptions and attitudes of Romanticism in relation to experience, from the quest to resignation, and from celebration of action to the introspective withdrawal; all while allowing the critical and academic reception of such works to be questioned regarding their role in the construction of a certain Romantic identity
Borie, Charlotte. "La poétique de l'intériorité chez Charlotte et Emily Brontë." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20041.
Full textThe development of identity and the process of self-possession is at the heart of Charlotte and Emily Brontë's writing. In Jane Eyre, Villette, Wuthering Heights and Emily Brontë's poetry, the reader follows the characters and personae (who are essentially female) through the life-voyage which brings them to get to know themselves, find their place in the world, inscribe themselves in it and transmit a vision of their interiority. The process of interiorisation consists in four phases. The first phase is about perception. The subjects discover the world and learn from this contact the necessity of searching for, and even recreating, the sense of belonging in order to gain happiness. Disappointed in the world, they withdraw into themselves, and the phase of feeling starts. The subjects shift from perception to intellection, shape their mental patterns, and try to recreate within themselves, virtually, the conditions of happiness. Imagination plays a major part in this process, but eventually, the inner shelter becomes a prison through the pathological expansion of interiority and the lack of reality. The third phase then begins, revolving around the idea of expression. The subjects, through speech, writing or painting, find ways to let out as much as frame their interiority. The result of their exteriorisation brings about the fourth phase, that of reception, during which intimate and competent readers carry on the process of the construction of identity
Llasera, Margaret. "Représentations scientifiques et images poétiques en Angleterre de 1600 à 1660." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030035.
Full textThis thesis examines the correlation between scientists' mental representations of natural phenomena, representations that are themselves often images, and the scientific imagery forged by poets who are inspired by the same phenomena; analogy and metaphore are used by poet and scientist alike. In english poetry of the earlier seventeenth century, a period known for its many scientific discoveries, scientific imagery is highly fashionable. The sciences studied here - magnetism, optics, astronomy, meteorology, alchemy and medicine - all deal with phenomena, frequently invisible, that are linked to motion, at a time when classical mechanics is being constituted. "metaphysical" poetry, characterized by the use of complex metaphors (or conceits), is at the centre of our analysis which gives particular importance to the poetry of john donne, henry vaughan, andrew marvell and george herbert, but also embraces the work of other writers, such as george champman, william shakespeare, ben jhonson and above all john milton, insofar as they incorporate scientific imagery into their verse
Valenti, Josette. "Image de la femme dans la première tétralogie de Shakespeare." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10116.
Full textFourcade, Guillaume. "L'écriture et ses miroirs dans les poèmes et les sermons de John Donne (1572-1631)." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040105.
Full textThis cross-study of John Donne's (1572-1631) poems and Sermons explores along two lines the reflexive nature characterizing these literary texts and the act of writing that produces them. First, the concept of mimetic reflexivity describes the process through which the form of these poetic and homiletic writings mirrors and duplicates their objects of discourse. Secondly, when the texts are to themselves their own mirrors and self-reflexively bring out their own poetics, the creative act that engenders them appears in turn self-defined. Both are endowed with what will be called programmatic reflexivity, namely the self-referential description of their poetic principles. The specular quality of writing, both as text and as act, is analysed in an ontological-to-phenomenological sequence in four steps: death-absence, fragmentation-continuity-proliferation, memory, margins and folds. In an attempt to trace the many intricacies and instabilities of meaning produced by the mirror effects of the texts, this study resorts in particular to concepts borrowed from deconstruction theory
Avner, Jane. "Topographies du désir : le jardin anglais à la Renaissance et ses représentations dans les textes de l'époque." Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA131024.
Full textPicy, Jean-Baptiste. "L'imaginaire de Tennyson, 1820-1892." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040087.
Full textThis research production is directly relevant to victorian studies, as it deals with quite an 'eminent victorian': the poet laureate, Alfred, Lord Tennyson (1809-1892). As is suggested by its title, Tennyson's imagery, 1820-1892 is in fact concerned with a specific field of poetics: imagery. Through an exhaustive study of tennyson's works along six chronological parts, this thesis proceeds with the analysis of poetical imagery in every important respect: symbols, metaphors, psychology, ideology, pictorial meaning, contextual literary relevance. The demonstrative aim consists in bearing sufficient proof that: a) Tennyson revealed, through the imagery in his works, part of the history of values current in succession within mainstream victorian culture; b) Tennyson meanwhile kept on feeding the cultural material used by victorian dissidents and stood as the missing-link between keat's aestheticism and pater's; c) Tennyson was the first major upholder of contradictory poetics of compromise, on account of the general paradoxes imposed on the poet through both britain's historical position and its triumphant industrial era
Vasset, Sophie. "Décrire, prescrire, guérir : correspondances entre discours médical et discours fictionnel 1719-1771." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA070076.
Full textThis study of Eighteenth-Century fiction and medicine (1719-1771) aims at presenting an interdisciplinary analysis of both discourses. Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, Tobias Smollett and Laurence Sterne use some elements of the medical discourse to justify their literary enterprise. They tend to argue that fiction can prevent the reader against vice, or even cure him. To study how medical and fictional discourse interact with each other, this analysis follows the tree steps of the medical process—description, prescription and treatment. The description of life—so essential to the medical thought—is becoming the vital concern of realistic fiction, which assimilates some medical principles such as circulation. Many prescriptive strategies are enacted by authors of fiction and medical doctors who write about domestic life, suggesting some proper ways of dealing with one's body. Finally, both fiction and medicine offer to cure through movement, by exercising and purging, thinking and laughing. Corrosive satirical laughs are assimilated to a certain healing violence often associated with the medical treatment
Gheeraert-Graffeuille, Claire. "La cuisine et le forum : images et paroles de femmes pendant la Révolution anglaise (1640-1660)." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030124.
Full textMechacha, Fatiha. "De l'innocence à la perversité : représentations de l'enfance dans le roman victorien." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030054.
Full textNji, Zorro Tangry. "L'exotisme en Afrique et en Amérique dans les romans de Daniel Defoe." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040281.
Full textMaron, Dominique. "Acceptation et critique du rôle des femmes dans la société dans les écrits de Jane Austen (1775-1817)." Lille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL30068.
Full textThe point of this thesis is to study the conception of the English novelist Jane Austen on women's role in society in all her writings. One will try to determine whether she has a conformist, subversive or ambiguous position. Through her way of life, her creeds, and the themes she tackles, as well as the qualities she endows her heroines with, she turns out to be conformist whereas she appears ambiguous because, within the norms imposed by the community, she criticizes those put women aside. Jane Austen deconstructs the feminine and masculine stereotypes installed by the patriarcal society and shows her disagreement regarding the part left for women to play in the social organization she lives in, putting them ahead through narrative strategies that give them the first place and enable them to express themselves. She indicates the particular way they may consider time and the weather, and the profit they can make from the space they live in. By the intermediary of their body and the activities it enables them to practice as well as thanks to animals, plants and objects, she shows her disapproval of the limited place allowed to women and her wish to show them strategies which can help them to survive in an unfavourable society
Prévot, Valentine. "L'aventure du masculin : les aléas de la création d'une masculinité idéale dans les romans d'aventures britanniques pour garçons, 1830-1860." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC076.
Full textThe main characters in boys' adventure stories between the 1830s and the 1860s are young heroes on a quest to find adventure and remote horizons. Their itinerary through British colonial spaces is an initiatory progress towards a masculine ideal. This imagined fashioning of male identity is located at a crossroads between several traditions and idealized images of what "being a man" meant in the first decades of Queen Victoria's reign: between Christian manliness and muscular Christianity, figures of the gentleman, the knight and the hero, it is the palimpsestic production of an idealised masculinity which is being played out in those narratives. Which images, stereotypes and norms are brought into play? How do they circulate and how are they circulated? How is the progress towards a dominant model of masculinity narrated and illustrated by a grammar? The literary text gives birth to a specific staging of gender, between the imitation and the incorporation of norms, norm which can be otherwise circumvented, or even turned upside down through hybridization processes that these British boys are subjected to in the contact with geographical, cultural and gendered otherness. The reader is rapidly confronted to the fluctuation of novels which are much less rigid than one could anticipate. These novels turn out to be the production site of several masculinities which are experiencing phenomena of friction and interpenetration
Izarra, Salomon de. "L'écriture de l'enfermement : de la narration de de l'incarcération aux perspectives et illusions d'évasion et de métamorphose." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR2020/document.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to analyze caracteristics of a metamorphosis in the prison literature, by the analysis of works by Jean Genet, Victor Hugo, Jack London and Oscar Wilde. Therefore, it consists in highlighting the different stages of this processus, of understanding its causes and consequences. We focus on the history of prison systems in California, England and France, then to the clichés, which are numerous into the prison literature. Then we look at the causes of the metamorphosis through the mischiefs of prison and the answer accordingly of the detainees. Finally, our last part concerns the unexpected aspects of the imprisonment, and the difficult return to civil life
Gillard-Estrada, Anne-Florence. "The Greek Paradox : Walter Pater - L'hellénisme et la Grèce." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070028.
Full textGirard, Romain. "Portrait des "professionals" en tant que narrateurs dans la fiction courte victorienne et édouardienne : les discours de pouvoir des médecins, des hommes d’église et des hommes de loi dans les nouvelles de Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu, Wilkie Collins et Arthur Conan Doyle." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30044/document.
Full textMembers of the middle class, particularly clergymen, doctors, and lawyers occupy a central place in Victorian literature, both as narrators and characters. However, it seems that this prominent place fosters questioning as much as empowerment. This paradoxical position seems to stem from the recurrent appearance of members of the professions in texts within which the principles of truth and meaning are undermined. Therefore, we will show how members of the professions, both as narrators and characters, put forward discursive strategies which allow them to manipulate the notion of truth and to destabilize meaning. In order to do so, we will study predominantly short stories, as this genre was favoured by Victorian writers as the locus of narrative and literary experimentation. Besides, this genre was widely read by Victorian audiences and can be seen as a privileged media for authors to express their doubts and commentaries on contemporary society. We have chosen to study the works of three authors in particular, who played a vital role in the bringing of the middle classes on the forefront of Victorian literary representation. Indeed, we will focus on Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu, the son of a clergyman and a man fascinated by the arcana of theology, Arthur Conan Doyle, a doctor himself, before he became a writer and William Wilkie Collins, who had a passion for science and the transformations its growing influence imposed on Victorian society. What is more, these three writers' active role in the establishment of the most popular Victorian periodicals attests to their vast contribution to the development of Victorian values
Corriou, Nolwenn. "Le retour de la momie : du gothique impérial au roman archéologique britannique, 1885 - 1937." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA137.
Full textTaking Patrick Brantlinger’s definition of late-Victorian imperial Gothic as a starting point, this dissertation considers how Egypt became a literary object in the late nineteenth century through the prism of archaeology. Pertaining as much to science as to imperial adventure, archaeology – and Egyptology in particular – soon entered fiction as a Gothic trope, as is evinced by the great number of novels and short stories that form the genre of mummy fiction. By focussing on texts by Bram Stoker, Henry Rider Haggard, Arthur Conan Doyle and Sax Rohmer, among others, this work examines how the archaeological motif travelled through various popular genres, from the adventure novel to the fantastic, before being taken up by writers of detective fiction. The study of these texts reveals that Egypt’s ancient history, full of magical potential, was an object of fascination as well as fear insofar as it seemed to shatter the certainties of modern science. Meanwhile, the modern political history of Egypt – and its ambiguous position within the British Empire – also engendered a certain anxiety, fuelled by a more general concern about the decline and degeneration of the Empire and British civilisation. The depiction of Egyptian antiquity in fiction – and the figure of the mummy in particular – conveys the growing unease with which the British viewed an Empire which, quite like Egyptian mummies, threatened to rise and wreak its revenge upon the coloniser. Thus, archaeology came to stand for a metaphor of imperial relations and anxieties while the mummy embodied what can be read as an imperial repressed excavated from the depths of the collective British subconscious at the time when Freud was developing the method of psychoanalysis
Annoussamy, Christophe. "Charles Dickens et le monde victorien dans l'oeuvre de Julien Green." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040149.
Full textThis work attempts to define the presence of both Charles Dickens and the Victorian world in Julien Green's works as well as pointing to its eventual manifestations, specificities, and limits. The first part shows us how the Victorian world prevails in Green's readings and how in the Journal, Dickens indeed appears as a privileged character. This analysis enables us to validate the reliability of the "comparative link" that we want to establish between the works of Green and those of Dickens. It is from such a relationship that we are able to define the elements that are similar in the two works in the second part. The female portraits found in Dickens'works are actually quite similar to those found in Green's, whose humour also evokes the grotesque and theatrical aspects of Dickens' characters, witnessing opposing tonalities found in both works. In this context, the more "serious" figures turn their gaze towards the Invisible : to go back to the words of the Bleak House foreword, the novelist insists on the "romantic side of familiar things". This longing towards the "nowhere" can be found especially in Le Visionnaire and Minuit - which will be studied in the third part - at a time when Dickens appears as the model of the "visionary" novelist. There, the teenager and the child are the actors still in search of their identities, which at the same time names them as the possessors of the gift of "vision". Eventually, considering the issue of the social world representations as well as the Victorian aspect of the Pays lointains trilogy, the fourth part of the work allows us to define the boundaries and also the posterity of the connection that we suggest exists between the two novelists
Estanove, Laurence. "La poésie de Thomas Hardy : une dynamique de la désillusion." Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20059.
Full textBecause of the grandeur and popularity of his novels, Thomas Hardy's poetry is often disregarded; yet paying due attention to his verse is also central, if not fundamental, to the understanding of the workings of his multifaceted writing. The dark irony which is so characteristic of his prose also colours his poetry, and even gives it strength and cohesion: in the semi-fictional land of Wessex that shapes both novels and poems, the fatally disappointing shift from dreams to reality actually builds up the dynamics of disillusionment, between hope and failure. In that seemingly paradoxical idea of an active form of disenchantment, of a violent awakening of consciousness both painful and enlightening, Hardy shows his commitment to the concerns of his time, depicting as he does the “ache of modernism” that the rise of science and decline of faith created. His poetry of disillusionment thus offers an immediate illustration of the major ideological and socio-cultural turmoil which accompanied in Europe the transition from the nineteenth to the twentieth century – a transition shaping the very texture of his poetic language, between tradition and modernity
Galiné, Marine. "Les représentations de la femme et du féminin dans un corpus gothique irlandais du dix-neuvième siècle : approche générique et genrée." Thesis, Reims, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REIML011.
Full textThis work aims to explore the various ways in which femininity is constructed in a corpus of texts belonging to the ‘Irish gothic mode’ and published between 1798 and 1889. The literary works under study have been selected according to specific generic criteria with a view to constitute a corpus which would challenge the canon. Those criteria have been organised alongside three axes and take their cue from both Gérard Genette’s genre theory and Richard Haslam’s rhetorical hermeneutics. First, this work will focus on the representations of female characters in terms of thematic characterisation. Next, it will analyse the various processes of feminisation and the ways they participate in the composition of the narratives and in the creation of terror and horror effects. Finally, the question of « female writing », or « écriture féminine » will be addressed, and its potential linguistic imprint in the texts will be discussed. Can we pose the feminine as a constitutive element of nineteenth-century Irish gothic fiction? Even though a genre and gender approach underlies our analytical process, this work will also rely on psychoanalytical theoretical elements and on the new historicism standpoint which most Irish gothic scholars favour in their analyses. As our study conflates both canonical and lesser known texts, Protestant and Catholic narratives, but also female and male writers, it makes a point of highlighting the specificity of the Irish gothic mode in its treatment of the feminine
Savatier-Lahondès, Céline. "Transtextuality, (Re)sources and Transmission of the Celtic Culture Trough the Shakespearean Repertory." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAL012/document.
Full textThis dissertation explores the resurgence of motifs related to Celtic cultures in Shakespeare’s plays, that is to say the way the pre-Christian and pre-Roman cultures of the British Isles permeate the dramatic works of William Shakespeare. Such motifs do not always evidently appear on the surface of the text. They sometimes do, but most often, they require a thorough in depth exploration. This issue has thus far remained relatively unexplored; in this sense we can talk of a ‘construction’ of meaning. However, the cultures in question belong to an Ancient time, therefore, we may accept the idea of a ‘reconstruction’ of a forgotten past. Providing a rigorous definition of the term ‘Celtic’ this study offers to examine in detail the presence of motifs, first in the Chronicles that Shakespeare could have access to, and takes into account the notions of orality and discourse, inherent to the study of a primarily oral culture. The figure of King Arthur and the matter of Britain, seen as the entrance doors to the subject, are studied in relation to the plays, and in the Histories, the analysis of characters from the ‘margins’, i.e. Wales, Ireland and Scotland provides an Early Modern vision of ‘borderers’. Only two plays from the Shakespearean corpus are set in a Celtic historical context – Cymbeline and King Lear – but motifs surge in numerous other works, such as Macbeth, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Tempest, The Winter’s Tale and others. This research reveals a substrate that produces a new enriching reading of the plays
Coulomb, Olivia. "Stases et statues : l’art de l’immobile dans le théâtre élisabéthain et jacobéen." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAL004/document.
Full textThe art of statuary in the Elizabethan and Jacobean era has suffered from the repercussions of several centuries of political and religious instability. However, early modern England proved particularly interested in, if not totally fascinated by, Italian and Flemish artists famous for their artistic and theoretical approach to sculpture. Although many studies have already been made on painting and the problematic place of images in Reformation England, only a few books have focused on three-dimensional images and on their reception.My dissertation therefore seeks to analyze the political, religious and cultural context in which the statues were inscribed at the time, on the one hand, and to precisely reassess the ways in which they appeared on the Elizabethan and Jacobean stage, on the other hand.First, I pay attention to the historical events and texts in which statues have had a prominent place, taking into account the legal aspect related to the production of early modern images. This leads me to study from a more literary perspective major plays from the Shakespearean corpus such as Romeo and Juliet, Julius Caesar, Antony and Cleopatra and The Winter's Tale. Finally, I seek to highlight the art of stasis and statuary in the Jacobean drama by focusing on the moments of immobility and petrification of the characters in George Chapman’s Bussy d’Ambois, John Webster’s The Duchess of Malfi, and Thomas Middleton’s A Game at Chess.The double objective of this thesis is, in fine, to compare the impact of the statue and its representations on stage on two different types of audience both belonging to the early modern era (one Elizabethan, the other Jacobean), and to prove the importance of the statuary within the dramatic universe of Shakespeare and his contemporaries
Zagha, Muriel. "Figures de la possession dans les nouvelles de Henry James de la dernière période, 1898-1910." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030088.
Full textIn the late tales of henry james (1898-1910), the architectural "house of fiction" inspired by balzac's monumental oeuvre appears as the result of an aesthetic quest for mastery and self-possession underpinned by a profound concern for the ethics of possession. A keen lover of the arts and of the stage. Henry james nonetheless criticizes the unsettling idolatry of his time, using contemporary types of representation as his tools. At the height of his career as a novelist, james appears more than ever as a consummate "literary cannibal", converting every influence, whether it be proudly celebrated or quietly ciphered into the text, into his own work, thus evolving the figure of the master, the man of letters. The main figure of possession in henry james's fiction may finally be the trace of new england puritanism, with the "province of piety" as sacred fount of a vision of the world as revelatory text and as main inspiration for james's moral concerns with the aftertaste of the fall, the status of the real thing, and the real right way of looking on
Laryea, Fredline. "La traduction de l'humour et de l'esprit anglais dans le roman et le théâtre depuis le XVIIIe siècle à aujourd'hui : observations, méthodologies et enjeux culturels." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030178.
Full textEnglish cultural humour is cultural, not only because of the references and opinions it channels or because of its syntax but especially because it is deeply rooted in the British cultural context as well as in the English language. Once it is translated into French, it has to exist in and through French. Due to their different mental programs and cultural conditioning, French readers and spectators will not react to British humour in the same way as British people. This is why translators will often try to make the humour more easily accessible for the French public in translated texts. His decisions will have an impact on the faces of the source language, but they will also affect the British faces the French reader has access to. This research has focused on cultural allusions in an analysis of examples from British texts to see the differing effects each text has on its readers and to see if one can talk about British cultural humour once it is translated into French. The analyses will also make it possible to see how translation can affect the representation of cultural identity and the impression the target text reader will have of the foreign text. If one can understand a nationřs humour, one can start to understand its people. In order to do that, the difference of foreign humour should be seen as a key that can allow the foreign text reader and spectator to establish a dialectical relationship with the foreign humour, rather than as an aspect of Otherness which always has to be overcome