Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Littérature de dévotion – France – 18e siècle'
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Oddo, Nancy. "Un chemin de velours vers Dieu : roman et dévotion en France (1557-1662)." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030163.
Full textAron, Mélanie. "Les mémoires de Madame de Motteville : du dévouement à la dévotion." Nancy 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN21037.
Full textWhen Louis XIII died, Madame de Motteville exiled by Richelieu in 1624, was called back to the Court. She lived the next 23 years at the side of Anne of Austria, and became her confident. During her free time, she wrote down her observations and reflexions. These notes form the basis of her Memories, the definitive version of which was written in 1661. I have chosen to travel down this path, in the steps of the confident, and watch as the Court passes before her eyes : the picture painted by Madame de Motteville offers the reader a pessimistic vision of a world in decline. If the Memories witness her profound attachment to the Crown, they are also the place where her personality is expressed. The writing constitutes an essential element of her existence. The reader travels through an historic biography to a personal story. Neither the life of the Court, neither her writing about it, can make her forget her anxiety about past times. Haunted by nostalgia for paradise lost, she renounces, little by little the world as she turns toward eternal truths. . . Then disappears
Sinicropi, Gilles. ""D'oraison et d'action"." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CLF20001.
Full textReynaud, Florian. "Les bêtes à cornes dans la littérature agronomique (1700-1850)." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN1533.
Full textDarras, Véronique. "La littérature pour violon au concert spirituel de 1725 à 1790 : étude et restitutions." Lyon 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO20076.
Full textThe violin literature at the concert spirituel of Paris was remarkable for its large variety : from 1725 to 1790 violonists of different nationalities came to present to the parisian public works as duets, sonatas and concertos for violin, an instrument which was present, in solo, in nearly all concerts of concerts spirituel. This one was therefore the witness of the evolution of the violin repertoire during the eighteenth century, evolution which is distinguished by the forsaking of sonata and baroque style on belhalf of concerto and classic, even preromantic style, for exemple in Jean-Baptiste Viotti's works
Anki-Weisel, Ghania. "L'avis privé au siècle des lumières." Nancy 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN21015.
Full textThe " avis privé " during the Age of Enlightenment. The endeavor of this research is to define the characteristics of a genus called " avis privés " within the pedagogical and moral literature. It was a traditional feature of aristocratic education to write down the moral code for a family member, concerning the behaviour in high circles. In principle it was only composed for the family, but nevertheless printed. The bibliographic repertoire of the " avis privés " reveals a long history about six centuries. From 1493 until 1996, there are numerous titles and authors. This thesis deals with a period of time from 1699 until 1794, the age of Fénelon up to Condorcet. The genesis of the " avis privés " shows that there was a strong influence from the " Prince Mirrors " and the " courtly guides ", which were inspired by ancient literature. Throughout history, the " avis privés " reflects all important social discussions within the society, including religion, feminism and politics. The " avis privés " is a moral chronicle of this period containing the ideas of honesty and social behaviour. Another effect of the " avis privé " is the emergence of a problem dealing with the justification of writing. Why write and for whom ? In the beginning the reason was simply education and amusement, but soon, through the genus of " avis privé ", it became a mean to express one's own thoughts, to obtain a kind of liberation. The " avis privé " opened a way to write discreetly about oneself, so that this genus is parent to the autobiographical literature
Lepez, Brigitte. "L'enfant dans l'utopie en France de 1675 à1789." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030008.
Full textThis thesis studies the status of the child in the 17-18th centuries french utopian literature. This is the " golden age of utopia ", when schemes and systems about education were plentiful and when the value of the child was being discovered. In a society which was undergoing deep changes, utopian cities and educational schemes participated of the same hope of a happiness that can he reached thanks to education. The child gives its structure to the utopian world. This ontological function induces the utopist to define the priorities of the system. Product of a natalistic strategy and of a certain amount of eugenic will, the utopian child is above all what is at stake behind the genuine educational strategy founded on the inducement to obedience. It is a totalitarian indoctrination in the sense that it is the child as a whole who is concerned. The child, whose usefulness is officially declared, is loved and respected but he must learn to integrate the system and fully transport it because on him depends the perpetuity of the ideal happiness. The child is the very soul of the utopian cities
Volpilhac-Auger, Catherine. "Tacite en France de Montesquieu à Chateaubriand." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CLF20036.
Full textMisunderstood and misappreciated until the middle of the eighteenth century, Tacitus becomes a first rate-author, owing to the enlightenment. The number and quality of his works greatly increase from 1750 onwards, thanks to the initiative of d'Alembert; the first years of the nineteenth century confirm this trend which reveals the new prestige of the writer. First, Tacitus is considered as a thoroughly reliable source : scholars and philosophy-minded historians (except Voltaire) use his statements and analyses both as models and to supply information. He is also an inspiration for political reflection : Germanie is the stock reference in the controversy about the origines of the monarchy and contributes to create a myth of the German, which goes and feeds the romantic imagination. But above all, thanks to Montesquieu, Tacitus stands out as the accuser of tyranny. The "philosophes "make him their hero, the forerunner of the enlightenment. From Diderot to Marat and Desmoulins, and even after French revolution, he is the the champion of liberty, moreover empowering Chateaubriand to express his own obsession of death
Besle, Edwige. "Madame de Laisse, une femme de lettres au XVIIIème siècle, éléments pour une enquête biographique et littéraire." Orléans, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ORLE1082.
Full textAuthor of five works between 1773 and 1778, Madam de Laisse since fell into the lapse of memory. Its life remained unknown, this work is thus presented in the form of an outline of its biography. However, a large side of its life remains still quite mysterious. If it is possible to follow it and to find which could be its youth, its life of woman, married with Mister de Laisse, then with the count de Garrault. Its existence for the revolutionary period remains opaque. Nevertheless, this study made it possible to better understand which was this woman writer and which was its circle of close friends. Some of her friends are transposed in a way more or less disguised in its books, in particular Mister Leroy de Fontigny. The major work Madam de Laisse forever studied. However, "Ouvrage sans titre, Minerve le donnera" is an interesting epistolary novel putting in scene two girls : Julie and Sophie. Novel of separation, since one is in France and the other in Italy, the two writers share thanks to the letters their emotions in front of the events which they face. The epistie dedicated to the queen Marie-Antoinette expresses the will of the author clearly to show that there is no happiness without virtue. She indicates, thanks to her novel, the dangers which the women must avoid and qualities that they must develop in order to be able to claim with a happy life
Elachmit, Jamal. "Littérature d'enfance et de jeunesse et philosophie des Lumières : Arnaud Berquin, 1747-1791." Bordeaux 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR30032.
Full textIn the beginning of the eighteenth century in France, the child and the adult had both the same literature (fairy tale, fable. . . ). The childhood wasn't thought as a specific age which had particular needs. In the second half of the century, the childhood became, in the middle-class and in a part of the aristocracy, a particular stage needing a specific literature. The adolescence, compressed for a long time, moved equally and was admitted as a different stage from the child and from adult. A category of authors set up in order to write for this new public. Arnaud Berquin (1747-1791) was one of them. He created the press for the children and the adolescents by publishing “L'Ami des enfants” (The children’s friend) and “L'Ami de l'adolescence” (The adolescence's friend) from 1782-1784. We tried to determine their literary sources and finally to analyze their literary styles. By another way, we have studied the theme and the idea of the family in the two periodicals. Through these different fields of investigation, our care has been to analyze how Berquin has adapted the philosophical ideas of enlightenment to children, to adolescents and to parents
Luo, Tian. "La Chine théâtrale en France au XVIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040011.
Full textFrom the end of the seventeenth century to the French Revolution, the “chinoiserie” and the passion for drama were developing in coexistence. Did these two social phenomena, lasting for almost one century, unite each other? Did they really influence the social life of France? We are naturally curious about such questions. It can be a quite good way to follow the relevant trails in the history of French theatre in order to trace out how China was apprehended by the French society. The interest about the others often reflects the inner preoccupation of the observer himself. When the French playwrights criticize or compliment China, they think rather of their own country. Therefore, the interpretation of China in the French theatre is the product not only of the information conveyed by the missionaries, the sailors and the merchants but also of the intense meditation about the French society, about its system and its rules. .
Souchet, Pradelle Françoise. "Les journaux littéraires en 1789 : l'institution et l'évènement." Lyon 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO20008.
Full textThe mercure de france, the annee litteraire, the journal encyclopedique and the journal des savants to which this study for the year 1789 is devoted, all react to the events according to their own traditional opinions. The first three, with an increasing awareness of the impact that politics is having as the months go by, give it more and more coverage, whereas the journal des savants refuses to recognize the political upheaval taking place. The manner in which they present the books and other aspects of the cultural activity of the day illustrate their desire to remain true to themselves when confronted with the problems of the moment. Although the journal des savants is almost exclusively concerned with legal reforms, these journals voice their political preferences by studying the different aspects of france's regeneration. By the end of the year, the reforms which are already well underway lead them to believe that the revolution is over and they all express their satisfaction
Cherrad, Sonia. "La littérature éducative au miroir des Lumières : étude du discours pédagogique féminin de la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle (1756-1801)." Rennes 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN20010.
Full textThe objective of this study is to look at feminine pedagogical literature during the Age of Enlightenment in a new way. Up to now, it has been considered as childish, feminine and pedagogical literature on the whole. Moreover, it has never been the subject of a comprehensive study. Using a corpus of fictitious and reflexive texts by female authors of the second half of the 18th century, well-known or not so well-known and completed by several texts from the same period, we have found that this literature participated fully during the 18th century in questioning education theories and practices. As well, fictional texts offer a reflection about society, politics and economy and establish models for what could be desirable governments. These authors had the ambitious project of offering a new approach to the public about the ways to regenerate society through improved education on one hand and through forms of virtuous governements on the other. Finally, beyond the diversity in forms and the religious, philosophical and political convictions of the authors, we have found that there are converging pedagogical, social and political ideas among these Age of Enlightenment female writers
Tran-Gervat, Yen-Mai. "Le roman parodique au XVIIIe siècle en Angleterre et en France : de Marivaux à Jane Austen." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040260.
Full textHalpern, Jean-Claude. "Représentations populaires des peuples exotiques en France, à la fin du XVIIIème siècle." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010651.
Full textIt is interesting to study how ordinary people pictured exotic native peoples with all the attributes of imaginary exoticism trough the "bibliotheque bleue" stories, inspired by the verse chronicle of charlemagne. Among the almanachs though, the veritable messager boiteux helped them to step into genuine historic authenticity. During the french revolution, the people that had risen in the name of freedom could not but sympathize with the uprising of the slaves in the colonies and approve of their liberation on pluviôse 16th, year II. But the ebbing of the people's political commitment and the final years of the revolution witnessed the return of the old stereotypes, more particularly on the stage. The five accounts by soldiers of the egypt expeditionary force we have studied symbolize, through contact with the realities of the orient, the limitations and the retreat of republican universalism
Provost, Audrey. "Les usages du luxe : formes et enjeux des publications sur le luxe en France dans la seconde moitié du dix-huitième siècle (vers 1760-1789)." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040216.
Full textBetween 1760 and 1789, luxury became a topic of written publication. Many authors strategically chose to publish on luxury and attempted to define its nature and meaning. This intensive investment proved ambitious writers with a way to advance through the Republic of Letters. At stake in the debate over the meanings of "luxury" was not only the linguistic competence and literary talent of the authors concerned, but also their authority to establish common values, an authority which competed with the power of the monarchy to fix the terms of political discourse
Huchette, Jocelyn. "La "gaieté française" : théories et représentations du caractère national dans la littérature des Lumières." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040206.
Full textAs a literary myth and a source of more or less well-considered nostalgiae, the gaiety of the French eighteenth century is looked upon as an exception of history, a golden age of the " civilisation des mœurs ". For Voltaire's contemporaries, " French gaiety " especially fits into the general picture of the " caractère des nations ". Du Bos, then Montesquieu, elaborated the theory, thus renewing the hippocratic tradition of temperament and climate. By doing so, they also gave a new conceptual tool to the political thought of Enlightenment, from which the " nation " was to be considered with the Revolution. The point of this study, far from any patrimonial sympathy, is, on one hand, to analyze the idea of the nation as a representation, in a sense that it is literary as well as juridical; on the other hand, to recount the genesis of the nation as a moral person, whereas it remained considered, according to the climatical scheme, as a " physical " person, submitted to the same natural determinism as the individual. Law and literature meet on this complex and unsteady ground of " mores ", with the French nation inventing itself as an autonomous subject, whilst previously it was confined the absolutist vision within the building of the state
Marasescu-Galleron, Ioana. "La frivolité dans la littérature de la première moitié du XVIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040201.
Full textMaricourt, Denis. "Les figures de l'éclectisme dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040100.
Full textCharara, Youmna. "Roman et politique au XVIIIe siècle : les représentations romanesques de la guerre de 1715 jusqu'aux approches de la Révolution." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040225.
Full textLefay, Sophie. "Réflexions et rêveries sur les jardins en France (1761 à 1808)." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040136.
Full textThe gardens known as « picturesque » are considered through the corpus of French texts from 1761, year of la Nouvelle Héloïse, to 1808, year of the publication of la Description des nouveaux jardins de la France et de ses anciens châteaux by Alexandre de Laborde. The purpose of this study is to analyze this corpus and to understand its diversity and| abundance. The first part deals mainly with the corpus in regard to its formal diversity. The second part tackles the literary aspect. The third one sets outs the constitutive elements of this aesthetic, essentially paradoxal. As far as the gardens are seen as anthropocentric concepts, they are finally considered as moral and psychological objects. The success of the garden is probably due to the fact that it is seen as a synthesis between a contradictory universe and a hope of conciliating the contraries. The garden succeeds in showing and moving away nature and its threats, through a mixture of apparent freedom and rigorous organization. The useful joined with the pleasant allows the satisfaction of most humble needs and prevent the favourised walker from enjoying a too obviously selfish pleasure. The gardening reaches the status of an art that takes its value from the way it is seen rather than the way it is made. All this need some illusion. The triumph of fiction is also the one of texts which, from a necessarily disappointing reality, lead to a final victory of imagination
Jaouik, Moulay-Badreddine. "L'Islam et les Lumières françaises, 1624-1789." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUEL037.
Full textThis thesis of 994 pages aims at analysing the place of knowledge about Islam and Muhammed in the whole French works in the 17th and 18th century literary world ? It endeavours to show exactly the pray a real "golden age of information about Islam" will emerge in the late 17th century. This was a genuine moment of the Enlightenment, a period when the authors will henceforth favour the Muslim sources to write about Islam. Thus by becoming a subject of knowledge, Islam and Muhammad inspire political, philosophical and religious thoughts and the history and the present of Muslims with a feeling of deep respect. The texts relating to Muhammed, the Kuran, theology and the numerous critical assays are hence published on a new model which breaks with the hostile and controversial tradition related to the approach of Islam and its promoter and reduced by apologetics to their religious dimension, a tradition which will not be abandoned but which will take a renewed form all through the18th century to lead to a radically condemnation of the Muslin world and authors who were supposed to be panegyrist relatively unscrupulous of science. Studying this controversial tradition through its view, its transformation, detecting the moment from whish the premises of a real change in the view of Islam start to emerge showing who the precursors and their continuators are, the methods of research what they use and when exactly "this golden age" tend to fall, explaining the reasons, those are the issues in the study focused on a corpus of almost 250 various books, and which is meant to be a contibution to the history of ideas
Artigas-Menant, Geneviève. "Les papiers de Thomas Pichon : recherches sur les manuscrits philosophiques clandestins au XVIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040107.
Full textKhayat, Claude. "L'image du judai͏̈sme dans la littérature française d'imagination chez les auteurs dits secondaires de 1750 à 1791." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081618.
Full textToure, Papa Aboubacar. ""Le voyage du jeune Anacharsis en Grèce, vers le milieu du IVe siècle avant l'ère vulgaire" de J. J. Barthelemy : la découverte de l'Antiquité au dix-huitième siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX10036.
Full textGuyon-Lecoq, Camille. "La vertu des passions : esthétique et morale de la tragédie lyrique (1673-1733)." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040124.
Full textThis thesis re-places lyrical tragedy within the framework of the history of ideas in order to study the arrival of a "modern" concept of morality which challenges the primacy of heroism and the values of the upper echelons of society, and which bases the idea of individual virtue on natural sensibility, with particular reference to the battle between the ancients and the moderns, this study posits the hypothesis that the moderns, using the lyrical tragedy as their testing ground, applied to the laws governing the "beautiful" their ideas on the stability or instability of the laws of nature, and attempted to rethink the solidarity of the arts after the model of the solidarity of the sciences. Lyrical tragedy, a composite genre as well as being a performing art, brings about a change of viewpoint leading to a division between moral and aesthetic judgement. It naturalizes the supernatural and, by substituting the problem of evil by the representation of the misfortunes of ordinary sensitive individuals moved by gentle passions, it advances the aesthetics of what is touching, thus promoting a morality of tenderness which may be seen in subsequent literature. The birth of a new society engendered the birth of an aesthetically new genre: conversely, the aesthetic forms peculiar to the genre made the lineaments of this modern morality clearer. Bringing to the forefront feminine values when society promotes women to universalist values, lyrical tragedy, often criticized as being artificial and verbose, highlights a new version what is true, natural and simple. Pure classical values are fully assumed: by giving voice to the heart's truth which expresses the state of the soul, more than it describes the actions of the individual, lyrical tragedy evokes the ideal simple sublime which is more touching than admirable
Pastorello, Thierry. "Sodome à Paris : protohistoire de l'homosexualité masculine fin XVIIIe - première partie XIXe siècle." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070009.
Full textOver a period stretching from the latter part of the eighteenth century to the first half of the nineteenth century, a specific male homosexual identity was developing in cities such as Paris. This period saw a proliferation of writings about and views on sexual practices and same-sex relations between men, and the development of a subculture of sodomites. As the judicial sphere evolved between death sentences and an increasingly repressive attitude on the part of the police, male homosexuality was singled out as asocial behaviour. A new form of medical discourse emerged in order to support the police statements and legal judgments of the time. In order to clamp down on homosexuality, the authorities made widespread use of the charge of 'affront to public decency, and of police raids. Yet homosexual subcultures thrived, and public condemnations of homosexuality had relatively little influence on people's behaviour, as the numerous police records involving urban, working-class young men and older gentlemen demonstrate. Whilst this was a new moment in the social construction of homosexuality, it was profoundly anchored in traditional gender stereotypes
Genand, Stéphanie. "Le modèle libertin et la fin de l'Ancien Régime, 1782-1802." Paris 4, 2002. https://acces.bibliotheque-diderot.fr/login?url=https://www.liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/doi/book/10.3828/9780729408677.
Full textThe object of this thesis is to highlight the existence of a connection between the libertine aesthetics, as it appears under the Regency, and the abolition of principles inherited from the Ancien Régime. Indeed libertinage cannot be dissociated from the existence of aristocracy, as it appears in mondain circles in the 1730s, and among idle nobles who practice the art of seduction. It is worth examining the evolution of the libertine aesthetics at the turn of the century, in a context where the French Revolution, and before that stronger values of the bourgeoisie, both tend to question all aspects of the aristocracy's prerogatives. .
Chu, Hui Ming. "Tableau de la Chine au XVIIIe siècle dans les "Lettres édifiantes et curieuses"." Grenoble 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE39033.
Full textThe letters and documents sent from china by french jesuits between 1699 and 1820 (lettres edifiantes et curieuses, published under the direction of m. L. Aime-martin, paris, 1843, t. Iii, and t. Iv), provide useful information on the chinese empire in the 18th century. These letters, which come from beijing as well as provincial capitals or other minor cities, reveal the attitude of missionaries as regards imperiam power. Not only are they indispensable for the awareness of christianism in these regions through the establishment of the catholic church, its development, the persecutions it underwent, but they also provide a unique contribution concerning various features of chinese history : 1) the emperer and his court, the central administration and the army, the local and provincial administration; 2) chinese religions traditions other religions existing in china (islam, judaism); 3) justice, courts and punishment; 4) education and schooling; 5) handcrafts, country life and economic crises; 6) aspects of social life, the organisation and role of the family. One notes particularly precise information on the scientific contribution in the fields of medicine, geography, astronomy and mathematics by jesuits sent from paris by the academie des sciences
Wang, Yan. "Les représentations de la Chine en France et en Grande Bretagne au XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30069.
Full textThrough the representations of China in the writings of French and English authors during the eighteenth century, this thesis aims to study how that Far Eastern country participated in the intellectual movements taking place on the other hemisphere. The topic being the representations of China, our study is focused less on which is represented (China) than on those which make the representations (France and Great Britain). China is often only a pretext in the writings of that period, allowing the authors to satisfy their exotic taste, or to defend their theses. Therefore, it is not our aim to approve of or to criticize the representations made by the French and British authors. We do not seek to oppose the “true” image of China found in Chinese sources of that period to the “false” or “distorted” image in the writings of Europeans authors, but to show how French and British authors represent themselves so as to build and rebuild their identity, which characterizes the intellectual trend of the Enlightenment. Having no intention to confront the “China in the representations” with the “real China”, we nevertheless make a comparative study of the different representations of China provided by French and British authors, which highlights the different approaches to the Enlightenment in France and Great Britain
Bernardes, Antonio Manuel de Sousa. "Etudes sur les "Mémoires personnels ou Anectotes de la cour de France" notés par José Da Cunha Brochado dans le temps qu'il a servi comme envoyé à ladite cour." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF20019.
Full textJose da Cunha Brochado, who was an envoy of Peter the second of Portugal at the court of Louis the fourteenth, when he stayed from 1696 and 1704, wrote these memoirs between 1696 and 1700 approximately. In these memoirs, the writer's opinions on various subjects are recorded, especially : 1 - the proprieties and some rules of etiquette in use at the French court. 2 - a critical analysis of some actions and behaviours observed at the court and which the memorialist considered as either blameful or worthy of being imitated by the court of Portugal, especially in the matter of home and foreign policy. 3 - a survey of what the late seventeenth century had been for France - and in some mesure to Portugal - from the economic, religious and moral viewpoints. The presents study on these hitherto unpublished memoirs consists first in the original text with a French translation facing ; accompanied by an analysis, chronological table, general introduction and notes. An onomastic index of the names mentioned by the memorialist or prompted by the writhing of the notes has been compiled ; the last section of this thesis is a selected bibliography of the principal works that have been used
Balliot, Frédérique. ""Chinoiseries" littéraires. La Chine et la littérature d'imagination en France de 1704 à 1789." Lyon 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO20015.
Full textIn this study, we would like to catch, thanks to the exemple of china, the connection between erudition and imagination en eighteenth century french literature. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the jesuits played a very important role in spread of learned treatises upon china. This country was perceived as a learning-bounded country. Our purpose is to see how this conception of china took place in imaginative literature
Brasart, Patrick. "L'éloquence révolutionnaire (1789-1794) : appréciation critique et statut littéraire d'un délibératif moderne (1789-1814)." Tours, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOUR2002.
Full textThis thesis tries to determine the major trends of the literary criticism of French revolution parliamentary eloquence (1789-1794), from 1789 to 1814, land particularly to seek what is the importance of this eloquence in the change from the age of belles-lettres to the era of literature. This work develops in a chronological way. The first is about the constituent, legislative and convention periods; it points many different reactions to the revival of deliberative, from total reflect to exaltation, including the study of Garat, Chamfort, Morellet and Laharpe, as well as Lequinio, Robespierre and Condorcet. The second part deals with “thermidorian convention” and the “directoire”; in this period the problem of "revolutionary language" is crucial (Laharpe, Mercier and Mme de Stael). The third and last part is devoted to the consulate and the empire: although revolutionary eloquence is widely abandoned, many writers are still favourable to it; some of them see it as an achievement of the belles-lettres age (M. -J. Chenier, Andrieux), while others consider it as the dawn of a new literary world (Nodier); both views being based on two very different understandings of the sublime
Wagner, Jacques. "Lecture et société dans le journal encyclopédique de Pierre Rousseau (1756-1785)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF20005.
Full textReputed to be indifferent to the literary demands of truth, good, and the beautiful, and doomed to a short-lived existence, the periodicals of the ancien regime served as passive mediums for documentary researches or statistical inquests until the "rhetorics of reading" unveiled various forms of enunciation and active cultural functions. Influenced by such trends this study aims mainly at throwing light on the working modes of a "reading machine". As a means of diffusion the periodical was also an instrument of conscious selection of catalogued books. The statistical inventory of its "library" reveals that the universe of extracts fashioned a picture of a culture including both current and traditional ideas as if the writers sought to placate the intellectual spheres by allying the search for novelty and the assertion of established truth. This hypothesis is examined in the course of an exhaustive analysis of the religious library of the j. E. The extracts gave the readers a picture of books which evolved between 1756 and 1785 from tormented insolence to the ease of conciliation. Such distorting work is quite noticeable in the three modes of reading that I have distinghished, namely, attenuation, deviation, and censorship, all three intended to facilitate the integration of contemporary works into an enlightened culture. The work of adjustment achieved by the j. E. Writers implied a model, that of a welcoming and pacified society in which the religious question would be settled, and learnt on a juridico-political discourse tinged with "richerism", humanitarianism, and tolerance. The standard extracts stands half way between the alienated word and pure thought. As a strategic mode of writing bearing the hallmark of the ethics of the lightened "honnête homme", and troubled by the rifts affecting the French nation, the j. E. Endeavoured to tighten the social web by promoting the communication between the opposite poles of the individual and the community, those of subjectivity and the norm, those of history and memory
Ducet, Priscille. "Le monde souterrain et ses origines dans la littérature française du XVIIIème siècle." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040195.
Full textWhere do the 17th century underground travels come from ? In order to answer to this question, it is relevant to focus on the representations of the underground world before 17th century. From the first texts to the Middle Ages, the travel into the underground world is the descent to Hell, first stage of the Mythe of the Ascension wich represents the symbolic death and rebirth of a chosen man. The points of view change during the 16th and 17th century : the underground hell, confirmed by the Church, will be replaced by a parallel world, which some people consider as an inferior world, but which other people consider like the world of all knowledges. The 18th century underground travels definitely illustrate the second theory, as they show fantastic and superior creatures wich will initiate the traveller coming from the surface, go between for the future Humanity. To sum up, the descent to the underground world is a metaphor of the introspection, the quest of the divine part of the Man
Cayuela, Elodie. "Théorie et pratique du portrait en France et en Grande-Bretagne au XVIIIe siècle : regards croisés." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MON30010.
Full textDuring the 18th century, portraiture theory and practice evolved, as the parallel examples of France and Great Britain show. More than any other topic, this pictorial genre arouses varied remarks from artists, amateurs and the public, which show the demands and expectations of the men of the Enlightenment. This discourse refers to both the artistic and social aspects of the portrait. Thus, through a crossed approach, our thesis aims to understand how portrait’s perceptions and practices appeared and evolved in modern times on both sides of the Channel by enriching or confronting each other. The simultaneous examination of literature and artistic practice in France and Great Britain ultimately sheds light on these issues while questioning the problem of artistic exchanges and artistic transfers between the two countries
Lu, Wanfen. "Le Marquis d'Argens : de la philosophie au roman." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040314.
Full textThe marquis d’Argens (1703-1771) was the son of a general attorney at the parliament of Aix-en-Provence. He went into exile to Holland and became allied of the Protestants. There he wrote under the guidance of Prosper Marchand, one of Pierre Bayle’s most influent heirs. At the age of 32, d’Argens published a series of philosophical letters, intitulated Lettres juives, Lettres cabalistiques et Lettres chinoises”. We consider that his correspondence philosophique is not a compilation of Pierre Bayle’s works but that it is a fiction based on the exigency of artistical originality and a keen understanding of history. In this work the Provençal writer shows us his deep knowledge of theological, philosophical and moral scriptures, from antiquity up to the eighteenth century. We demonstrate that his fictional work reveals his will of transforming the theological system based on scholastic legacy into some skeptical and at the same time rationalist way of thinking. D'Argens was a disciple of Fontenelle, but also an assiduous reader of Richard Simon who is probably the most prominent inspirer of his Lettres juive, d'Argens is a precursor of the “philosophie des Lumières” and a novelist trying, through fictions, to elaborate a thoroughly individualistic moral philosophy
Genton, François. "La découverte du théâtre allemand (1750-1772) : contribution à une étude de la fortune et de l'image de la littérature allemande en France au XVIIIe siècle." Metz, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988METZ004L.
Full textGerman plays were translated in France as early as the second half of the 18th century, i. E. Well before the romantic era. A few German authors originally favored this trend, hoping to gain international recognition for their work, and to force German francophiles to turn toward their own native literature. On the other hand, a certain amount of curiosity on the part of the French for the German "renaissance" gradually substituted for the traditional attitude of contempt of works of art from the north. From 1754 through 1762, the journal etranger published several excerpts from German plays and also offered an idyllic view of literary Germany, as opposed to the refined decadence of French mores and arts. The "German fashion" reinforced this conception in the 1760's; German plays became a source of inspiration for French playwrights. As early as 1772, the comedie francaise staged a tragedy directly drawn from a German play. From that moment on, German theater no longer was something to be discovered, but something to reckon with, however superficial the knowledge one had of it in France. German authors were very attentive to this evolution, which helped them become aware of their own worth an identity on an international basis
Guillet, François. "Genese et epanouissement d'une image regionale en france : la normandie, 1750-1850." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010652.
Full textThe building up of the image of normandy between 1750 and 1850 was closely linked to the position of the province within the french land, and the impetus was given by three places: paris, england, and normandy itself, where the provincial elites came out as particularly active. It was constructed along three main axes. Between 1771, with the work of lepecq de la cloture, a doctor from rouen, and 1833, when the tableau de la france by jules michelet was published, the geography of the land was reshaped on new grounds. At the same time, the old stereotype of the litigious normand progressively disappeared withe the studies on the populations of peasants and fishermen, studies to wich a medecine of neo-hippocratic inspiration, and later the medieval and celtic past, provided grounds. Under the monarchy of july, several authors, novelists as well as moralists, completed the portrait by exploring the provincial habits. In the eighteenth century, provincial scholars, mauriste friars and english antiquaries got interest in a past wich the break caused by the revolution turned into the main foundation of the identity of the province. Literary sources, legends and monuments were inventoried and they turned normandy into a genuine school on the middle ages. With the early development of tourism - mainly of seaside tourism - in the province, with the fortune of the picturesque genre at the time, with the flourishing of romantic literature, painting and sketching, a normand landscape was being defined. It included a series of sites along the coast and in the country and partly merged with the sigthtseeing sites wich stretch along touristic normandy. The urban architecture of rouen, the mont saint-michel, the cote fleurie or etretat's needle became symbols of the province
Gargam, Adeline. "Les femmes savantes et cultivées dans la littérature française des Lumières ou la conquête d'une légitimité (1690-1804)." Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES1004.
Full textWith above 530 feminine figures listed in the field of literary and scientific culture, erudite women represent in the Age of Enlightenment an important phenomenon with a quantitative scope. Their number is representative of an evident avidity to improve one’s mind. To think, to create and try out, even to assert their intellectuality; this assertion’s being concretised in a privileged way thanks to writing. Their social and numeric importance also finds its reflect in literature, which is often the distorting mirror of this fact of society. Novels, poems, short stories, tales and theatre plays present them sometimes in a flattering way, sometimes ridiculing them. Indeed, this intellectual conquest of women is not carried out without disrupting mentalities, particularly the masculine’s ones, which traduce much as reserve and rejection as enthusiasm and admiration. The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze this multiple phenomenon, at a time historical, social and literary, through a corpus of 600 texts embracing philosophical and medical, political and juridical, moral and religious, educational and formalistic, fictional and poetic views. Erudite women have performed a play certainly distinguished at this time, but sometimes in the shade. We have to bring it to light to understand better the 18th century. So this dissertation fits in the time of an action against the amnesia in relation to a multitude unsuspected and beyond suspicion of women who have worked in the progress of learning and the literary and scientific culture’s one. On the one hand it intends to rehabilitate scholarly and knowledgeable women in their social and intellectual existence and their difficulty in living so. On the other side it intends to underline their role in the learning. It wants to show haw these scholarly and knowledgeable women have been able to reach such a status, to grow on the sanctuary of learning, and to see what has been the welcome they received in the Republic of Letters and Sciences. Finally, it has the ambition of studying the perception we had, in the 18th century, in relation to these women who write and invent, in both literary and scientific fields. At this purpose, it examines the different images of these characters conveyed by literature; it tries to define and explain the analogies and differences in representations, this with regard to the literary, historical, social and ideological contexts of the time
Veysman, Nicolas. "Mise en scène de l'opinion publique dans la littérature des Lumières." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040058.
Full textVanoflen, Laurence. "La formation de l'individu selon Isabelle de Charrière (1740-1805)." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040227.
Full textIsabelle de Charrière, a novelist, letter writer, and polemist, shows a strong concern for both educational practice and ideas, which, after 1762, with the publishing of Émile, by Rousseau, and of plans for educational systems, aroused interest, hope and controversy in the intellectual and public spheres, until the revolutionary decade. We first attempt to put back these epistolary relationships in their context, describing their frameworks (epistolary contract and the representation of both master and "pupil"), their motivations, their intellectual contents, and, at last, the literary collaboration with Isabelle’s friends (B. Constant, Henriette, Isabelle, Willem, Thérèse Forster). Then we analyze Charrière's novels in the perspective of the "roman pédagogique": themes, characters, master's speach; in all respects, they tend to confront myths and ideals to life and history, without denying the empiric faith. Containing a dialogue with Rousseau, Fenelon (and Mme de Genlis), they finally raise the questions concerning individual's future and "perfectionnement" : women, ordinary people, aristocrats, or kings
Miech, Stéphanie. "L'éducation des filles chez les romancières au siècle des Lumières." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN21009.
Full textThe ardent reflections of the Age of Enlightenment writers leads them to an awareness of the decline in the moral standards of their contemporary society and thence to an inquiring look at the educational system. They are particularly concerned with the education of girls, the future mothers who would be bringing up and educating the men of the new generation. On the fringe of the debate, women authors are also grappling with a problem they are especially concerned about and they realize that the novel is a tremendously effective means of expressing their criticisms, theories and ideals dashed hopes, unfulfilled dreams and grievances towards men and society whose treatment of women is so unfair. Their reflections on education, on the role and place of women in society, are vigorously supported by such philosophers and theorists as Saint François de Sales, Fénelon, Mme de Maintenon, Mme de Lambert and, later on, by Rousseau and other philosophers who find food for thought during the enriching discussions that take place in the salons the Age of Enlightenment women writers so competently hold. The heroines of their tales, short stories and novels are nurtured on the principles of the classical ideal but, little by little, to these embodiments of Christian virtues tinged with stoicism, they introduce weakness that make them more human. Throughout the century and beyond many will be renowned for their herosim and determination : they are active and energetic, fight successfully against adversity and courageously take their lives in hand. Towards the end of the century, women authors are pondering over the ethics of duty and demand a more humane moral doctrine in society. Marriage is a choice theme that enables them to expose their vision of love and serves as a framework for their criticisms of a society in which young girls are considered as objects and women as second-rate citizens without rights or belongings in adversity. However, the novelists' feminism remains ambiguous and timid. The authors are subjected to the rules of etiquette and public opinion that is imbued with Christian morality and will later be disappointed by the Revolution and its promises to their sex ; they dream of more social equality, calm relationships between man and wife and of respect for themselves. Their feminism, their defence against male misconduct, rely on feminine solidarity which is the distinctive hallmark of the fictional literature of the Age of Enlightenment
Arzoumanov, Anna. "Pour lire les clefs sous l'Ancien Régime : anatomie d'un protocole interprétatif." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040143.
Full textOnandia, Beatriz. "Transfert culturels, traductions et adaptations féminines en France et en Espagne au siècle des Lumières." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0096/document.
Full textThe favourable reception in Spain of works by Madame de Genlis, Madame de Beaumont, Madame d’Épinay and Madame de Lambert constitutes an important chapter in the literary fortune that these authors came to achieve outside of France and particularly, in Spain during the period of Enlightenment. The pedagogical obsession of the Spanish Enlightenment scholars, women’s interest in reading and the development of publishing provoked a veritable avalanche of texts aimed at the education and schooling of women throughout the XVIII century, especially in the middle of the century at a time when a strong interest in translating foreign literary works was surfacing. Concurrent with this pedagogical interest taking place during the Enlightenment, the subject of education had become a beacon in the editorial production of the time. Consequently, the educational debates which had been taking place in France also began to become the subjects in Spanish educational circles a result of the various translations of French literary works. The pedagogic lens in the literary production of Marie Leprince de Beaumont, Stéphanie Félicité de Genlis, Louise d’Épinay and Madame de Lambert seduced a large number of Spanish Enlightenment intellectuals. The sensitivity of these French pedagogues on moral and religious matters translated perfectly to Spanish literary creations; it was a literature which respected traditional spiritual values at the same time as remaining open to the new concept of “sensitive virtue” This resurgence in female influence would go on to became apparent in the translations of French pedagogic literary works as a good number of these writings passed through the hands of women. Ana Muñoz, María Jacoba Castilla, María Romero Masegosa, Antonia de Río y Arnedo, Cayetana de la Cerda and so many others alternated between being translators and Spanish writers who gave a feminine perspective to the movement to emancipate and educate Spanish women. Notably, these women were responsible for the first Spanish versions of works by Madame de Lambert, Madame d’Épinay and Madame de Genlis. This research will analyse the transformation of these French pedagogical works: their first translations in Spain and how they influenced Spanish pedagogical literature, especially when produced by women. In doing so it will outline a number of specific traits which characterise hispanic female literary production
Cussac, Hélène. "Espace et bruit : le monde sonore dans la littérature française du XVIIIe siècle." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CLF20016.
Full textTarin, René. "Le theatre de la constituante ou l'ecole du peuple." Montpellier 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON2A002.
Full textThe originality of the theatre of the "constituante" period lies in its didactic and utilitarian function. From being a theatre for the occasion, it became, from 1789 to 1791, the trye school of the people. Primarily intended to defend the revolution and its conquests, it was to become a means for teaching bourgeois morals and republican values
Revon-Rivière, Elise. "Des textes intitulés Promenade à l'invention du promeneur et de l'observateur : le loisir lettré en ville dans les textes anglais et français des dix-septième et dix-huitième siècle." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070081.
Full textThis work deals with dozens of texts called « Promenade » from 1586 to the 19th century, with English journalism, with the invention of the word « promeneur » and "observateur" during the French Enlightenment
Goblot, Jean-Jacques. "Littérature, politique et philosophie sous la restauration : "Le Globe" et son groupe littéraire (1824-1830)." Lyon 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO20003.
Full textChaffray, Stéphanie. "Le corps amérindien dans les relations de voyage en Nouvelle-France au dix-huitième siècle." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040071.
Full textEighteenth-century travel accounts in New France describe the Native body abundantly. By analyzing these documents – mostly created for colonial or ecclesiastical authorities – this study shows that the textual and iconographic representations of the body play an active role in France’s imperial project. Knowledge of the Amerindian body, made it possible to maintain French-Native alliances, which were essential to the empire, and to reinforce the colonial bond. These representations also aimed to position the ‘Other’ remotely, in order to contemplate the colonization process. It appears that the French images of Aboriginal bodies were rich and complex and were much more than simple metaphors, mirrors of oneself, or tools of propaganda; instead, they created the possibility to act out the French colonial reality