Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Littérature et maladies – France – 19e siècle'
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Caigny, Florence de. "Imitation, traduction et adaptation des tragédies de Sénèque aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles en France." Paris 4, 2004. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=http://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/garnier?filename=FcaMS01.
Full textThe influence of Seneca's drama in XVIth and XVIIth century France is both surprising and paradoxical. Between the revival of French tragedy in 1553 and its renovation in the late 1620s, authors drew on his works for their own productions, and continued to do so after the debate over the French classical rules had taken place. However, from the middle of the XVIth century onward, theorists became increasingly critical of his works. Seneca gradually lost his position as a model to be imitated and was challenged on the grounds that the constructions of his plays were too static, his subjects too violent, and his elocution too artificial. In order to answer the question of his persisting influence it is necessary to study and confront the mimetic theories of the period, the reflections on the tragic genre and the particular features of Seneca's drama. The exemplary nature of his subjects, most fitted to a copious use of language, was considered by XVIth dramatists as a model that was fully compatible with their ambition to illustrate the French language. During the XVIIth century, as they undertook to create a distinctly French tragedy, the dramatists continued to make use of some elements that testified to Seneca's enduring (if sometimes concealed) presence. He was also being restored to favour by the translation of his tragedies
Daviet-Noual, Fortunade. "Les écrivains et la fièvre thermale (1800-1914)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040100.
Full textThe nineteenth century is the golden age of hydrotherapy in France. Everybody comes to take the waters. Men and women of letters, Chateaubriand, Lamartine, Michelet, Balzac, Hugo, Sand, the Goncourt brothers, Mirabeau, Maupassant take part in this thermal cure phenomenon and attend water cities. Sand takes the opportunity to make excursions, Dumas runs away from rampant cholera over Paris, Balzac is involved in a courtship with the Marchioness of Castries, Zola accompanies his wife who is a patient, Mallarmé joins his mistress… But most of writers go to thermal cures for health purposes. In this way Bashkirtseff seeks to eradicate tuberculosis, Daudet, Maupassant and Lorrain treat their syphilis, Chateaubriand his rheumatism, Verlaine his leg ulcers, Proust his asthma. All these writers patients shared about their experience, in their correspondence or in their novels, poems, travel stories. Their characters live in these water cities as well ; Christiane Andermatt gets to the springs of Mont Oriol’s exploitation, the cure mostly is the opportunity for her to meet her lover and to have a baby, without waters playing a specific role ; Verdinet, Galinois and other protagonists of Labiche’s comedy, I compromised my wife, are in Bagnères-de-Bigorre, and Mirabeau’s neurasthenic, in Luchon. This is a walk in the world of waters, as seen by writers, between 1800 and 1914
Tellier, Virginie. "Le discours du fou dans le récit romantique européen : (Allemagne, France, Russie)." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOL008.
Full textThe thesis studies the linguistics, philosophy and aesthetics of literary language of the madman in the Romantic era. It focuses on The Devil's Elixirs (Hoffmann, 1815), The Crumb Fairy (Nodier, 1832), The Diary of a Madman (Gogol, 1835), The Sylph (Odoevsky, 1837) and Aurelia (Nerval, 1855). Other narratives are more promptly summoned, as The Night Watches (Bonaventura, 1804) or Louis Lambert (Balzac, 1832). The madman is a problematic being: he is both unhealthy and inhabited by a divine inspiration. This paradox finds a new relevance in the first half of the nineteenth century. On the one hand, the development of Alienism tends to define mental pathologies from a medical point of view. On the other hand, the birth of the Fantastic promotes the figure of the mad artist. The Madman, when he speaks, questions autobiographical writing and redefines the Self, Space and Time. His speech has pragmatic issues: the madman seeks to demonstrate that he is not mad, in a society which condemns him. He also endeavours to convey a truth. His language is then used to describe the mythical forces that travel the world and, perhaps, to recreate it. The notion of creation is essential. The Romantic era modifies the definition of literature, which loses its representative function in favour of a purely linguistic function. The speech of the madman takes part in the founding of new aesthetics: it creates it in a critical gesture that questions its legitimacy. Impossible and unthinkable, it embodies the "silent speech" (J. Rancière) that becomes modern literature
Hanus, Erzsébet. "La littérature hongroise en France au XIXe siècle." Paris, INALCO, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INAL0003.
Full textThis study analyses the stages of the presence of the Hungarian literature in France in the 19th century. It doesnt judge its merit but determines its existence. In the introduction, we place it in the double context of the franco-Hungarian relations before the 19th century and the literary ties with other countries. At the beginning of the 19th century, the Hungarian scholars stated that Hungary was "Terra incognita". Following the 1848 events, the situation changed. Hungary has a greater attraction for French people. Peto͏̈fi played a major role in this new situation. This translations, travel accounts, memoirs, relations between French and Hungarian men. The last part of the study is a detailed thematic bibliography, based on literature and the Franco-Hungarian relations. It is not an appendix but a supporting part of the whole work
Hayati, Ashtiani Karim. "Les relations littéraires entre la France et la Perse de 1829 à 1897." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2004/hayati-ashtiani_k.
Full textArnaud-Lesot, Sylvie. "Pudeur et pratique médicale : aspects relationnels de l'examen gynécologique et obstétrical au XIXe siècle en France." Paris, EPHE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EPHE4150.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to gather and present elements with a view to answering the following question: should modesty have a place in an obstetrical or gynaecological examination? We have chosen to focus on 19th century France, to question the treatises called “on women diseases”, and the practice of midwifery. Modesty in this period appears as a true leitmotiv in the medical rhetoric dealing with the difficulties of the medical examination of women. The analysis of clinical observations nevertheless shows that the woman’s silence or discretion about the diseases which affect their genitalia, and their reluctance to accept a clinical investigation often imply a series of other reasons. We have studied in detail the precautions 19th century practitioners suggested one should take, from the inquiry to the examination proper, in order to avoid offending the patients’ modesty. The idea that the practitioner should show due respect to the patients seems to play a major role in their line of conduct. Nevertheless it is not sure that all the practitioners acted in accordance with their teaching, or with the rules they had contributed to set up. However, the advice that was generally almost unanimously shared by them, keeps all its relevance
Preiss, Nathalie. "Les Physiologies en France au 19e siècle : étude littéraire et stylistique." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040287.
Full textIn this study of les physiologies in France in 19th century, the point is, by means of stylistics, to find constants in these studies of manners which invade Paris and France particularly from 1840 to 1845, in order to determine whether les physiologies constitute a literary genre. If the physiologists follow the tradition of La Bruyere's caracteres and of the studies of manners of the 18th century, they can also innovate and using the technique of caricature and of "portrait-charge", insert their texts in actuality. So, in les physiologies appears the history of the events, the ideas, the literature of a period that anybody can experience. This last point induces us to consider the nature of the reading public of les physiologies which is culturally and politically distinguishable. In fact, les physiologies, by their style, are linked to the political newspapers opposed to the July monarchy. But, using the descriptive and classificatory method of zoologists, the physiologists assume a distant position from scientific physiologists and particularly from the social physiologists who want to upset the regime in promoting a unitary view of society. And it is by their fragmentary and fragmented view of reality that les physiologies become a literary genre. So, when in the second part of the 19th century, a more and more unitary view of phenomenon predominate over minds, les physiologies will change and die. It is in this perspective we may question a possible revival today of a genre which is not one
Kiriow, Ivan. "Théories scientifiques et représentations littéraires de l'hérédité en France (1847-1902) : la science dans l'espace public, entre acculturation et appropriation." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0126.
Full textThis dissertation studies the diffusion of the theories of heredity in the French literature of the second half of the nineteenth-century. In the perspective of a dialogical history of the « two cultures» (scientific and literary), it traces back the exchanges between scientific texts and literary works taken as relevant testi¬monies of the process of popularization of knowledge. Build in three sections, each one about a particular scientific theory (telegony, degeneration and « nervosime », atavism in criminals) and their novelistic incarnations, it follows the diffusion of doctrines, as well as their distortions and appropriations, determining elements of their penetration into the culture and society of an era
Herbaut-Archer, Dany. "Représentation et écriture de la judéité dans la fiction du dix-neuvième siècle, en France et en Grande-Bretagne." Lille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL30042.
Full textThis representation and the writing of Jewishness in XIXth century fiction in France and in great Britain display the imagology of the Jew through known texts and pave the way for additional research susceptible to draw attention, to novels forgotten today. The works of the corpus reveal the interest shared by various authors, wether anti-semitic or not, in a representation of Jewishness to which they want to testify. The works sometimes bear a documentary value when the story is inspired by reality and by the contemporary press, but all of the novels keep the status of fiction whic allows the reader, wether Jewish or not, to recognize himsel in characters as diverse as possible and which symbolize exactly the variety of mankind. The writers used literary devices to denounce or condone the superiority of a religion or a community. Some authors strengthened the depreciative and stereotypical image of the Israelite when others writers maintained a thread connecting the past, steeped in tradition, with modernity, the objective being to act on the reality of their time and to defend and to keep the memory of peoples. The representation of woman in general and the Jewess in particular, her emancipation, or subjection, highlights the paradoxical difference between the depreciative image of the Jewish identity, on the role played by the Ashkenazi and Sephardic communities and on the language used by the characters (vernacular language, Hebrew, Yiddish. . . )
Satiat, Nadine. "Décadence et folie : aspects de la folie dans la littérature en prose de la fin du 19e siècle (1860-1912)." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040481.
Full textThe idea of decadence developed during the second half of the 19th century based on a pessimistic vision of the historical, social and cultural context (the end of the second empire, military defeat, the rise of the middle class, bourgeois vulgarity, the triteness of naturalism) and the development of theories of degeneracy, which appears as a new form of fate. Classicists in literature condemned this general decadence and also stigmatized those in contemporary literature who, paradoxically calling themselves "decadent" in the manner of Baudelaire whom they venerated, reacted against it and sought to promote and put into practice a mode of thought and an aesthetic of refinement which, while being fully of their time, would surmount the objective decadence of the age. This "decadent" literature conceives decadence as essentially the physical and mental decay of the male, for which the woman is the prime instrument. In addition, it analyses the mechanism by which the "decadent" mind destroys itself and sinks into madness of its own motion. It is the profound and fatal void of the woman…
Artiaga, Loïc. "Les catholiques et la naissance de la littérature industrielle en France, en Belgique et au Québec, de 1830 à 1864." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003VERS010S.
Full textIn the XIXth century, catholics face the birth of the "industrial literature", manifestation of the "proto-history" of the media culture. Violently condemning French literature and registering its productions in the Index librorum prohibitorum, the Church, with publishers, work out on a catholic paraliterature's distribution system. In the years 1840 and 1850's, parochial libraries are built in France, Belgium and Quebec for popular reading. From a country to another, with the mediation of the Archibroterhood of the Good Books from Bordeaux, catholics share librarian's methods and books collections. This device combining orthodoxy of the book and orthopraxy of reading testifies to the Church's awareness in cultural issues. It also shows censoring metamorphoses, in contemporaneous times
Juneau, Véronique. "Poétique et fictionnalisation du reportage de guerre sous le Second Empire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28645/28645.pdf.
Full textBaudon, Laurence. "Des enfances meurtries : le personnage d'enfant en Angleterre et en France dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20066.
Full text"Bruised children" call to mind the glance about a new character into novels in the nineteenth century : the character of suffering children in France and in England. This study approachs literary movments (realism, naturalism, popular literature) and sets the child's statuts up according to a double viewpoint : the child in society, the child as a person. Child working, stray child along the roads and into the towns are representations of a new glance of novelists about a social class which was not, until now, approached in fiction : the ordinary people. Social structures and family life allows novelists to write about the personal statut of the child, wether he maintains himself against exploitation, wether he becomes a victim of social or family opression. The study is ending with personality of children who are daring to refuse social or family exploitation, children we'll find again in the fiction of the twentieth century
Dupuit, Christine. "Les pratiques littéraires comme réalité sociale : l'écriture fictionnelle de la folie en France à la fin du 19ème siècle : une pratique de sécession." Paris, EHESS, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EHES0326.
Full textWho is mad. . . When are whe mad. . . Where are whe mad. . . How are we mad. . . Why are we mad. . . When madness is the matter of a french novel in the nineteenth century (1880-1900). This thesis of sociology concerns the literature "fin de siecle" and tries to understand the social reasons of the folly is written in this fiction, during this period and in this way. The textual analysis of six fictions a rebours and en rade de joris karl huysmans, mr venus of rachilde, le dr pascal, l'oeuvre and la bete humaine de zola allowed us to defend the following thesis : the topic of madness is constitutive of a kind of rupture and reconstitution of social order. Against the "industrial", commercial and popular literature, writing the madness is sociologicaly understandable as a disaffected action which derogates from the orthodoxy, the functionalism and the lisisbility of the new burgess printed matter
Fartas, Nadia. "Modernité et simplicité : l'art de la nuance. Littérature et arts visuels en France dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0162.
Full textThe peculiarity of modernity is to integrate criticism in its foundations and to allow questions as well as knowledge development. Therefore, modernity cannot be dissociated from movement and change. Thus, it implies a new kind of social, political and cultural relationship beween the singular and the collective, the particular and the universal, a complexity which XlXth literature managed to testify. However, it is noteworhy that the notion of simplicity is at the centre of the preoccupations of founder authors of artistic and literary modernity. In Flaubert's works dealing with modernity, Baudelaire's written works on arts and in urban views, either literary, pictorial or architectural ones, for instance Monet's series of The Rouen Cathedral, the simplicity forms and meanings which are associated to them make it possible to put the forms of change in a conspicuous position in order to make up an aesthetics of modernity based on shade instead of on binarism or dogmatism. If simplicity refers to what cannot be broken down, the main features of shade are, indeed, grade differences which can hardly be detected. The art of shade which originates in a modern revaluation of simplicity holds together the defence of the beautiful, the singularity of the work of art, the attention to reality, knowledge and new temporalities in order to thwart aesthetization, in other words a conception of the beautiful that covers the features of modernity. Thus, shade shows a new relationship between the visual and the verbal, the text and the image, which brings up to date the knotting between poetics, aesthetics and politics at the heart of modernity
Losco-Lena, Mireille. "La réinvention de l'espace et du temps dans le théâtre symboliste." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030111.
Full textSymbolist theatre, as it developed in France and Belgium towards the end of the nineteenth century (1890- 1900), ventured towards a renewal of play-writing. The theorizing discourse of the authors is characterized by a denial of the real and a reassessment of the poetic which remains often vague ; yet their plays stand as tokens of a richness which transmutes their idealist reaction into a genuine reinvention of space and time marked by a concern for discontinuity and plurality. While addressing the modem transformations of the notions of space and time, the symbolist cosmos thus reactivates the medieval pattern of space (part one). This generates a poetics of relavity which jeopardizes dramatic forms, and which the symbolists set out to transcend along two main paths: that of the dramatic structure of wander on the one hand, seen as a tentative process of inventoring the multiple loci of the cosmos, which ceaselessly comes up against some sense of infinity overflowing the structure of the drama, thereby pointing to its incompleteness, or to its fragmentation (part two); and, on the other hand, the path of the short form, governed by a desire to embrace and to possess the invisible, which, on its part, is necessarily bound to come up against (and acknowledge) the irreducible chasm that cuts it from the being (part three). Studying the formal contradictions inherent to symbolist drama thus allows us to address its inscription within the larger frame of the revolutions in drama at the turn of the century, and especially the essential role which this theatre played in the process of setting drama in jeopardy
Guillemain, Hervé. "Les directions de la conscience : histoire sociale et culturelle des maladies psychiques et des pratiques thérapeutiques en France (1830-1939)." Paris 12, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA120019.
Full textFrom the Nineteenth-century to 1930, psychological treatments were carried out by administering spiritual advices to the patients. The thesis deals with the religious aspects of those medical treatments : psychotherapy, hypnotism and moral treatment. It ambraces a nex field study located at the crossroad of the religious, medical history and psychological history. Focused on the study of medical practices and on the ever changing notion of mental illness, it follows two guidelines, namely : possession and exorcism. A chronological approach has been selected and within three main periods, the following work aims at comparing medical treatments from a religious and a non-religious perspective. It also describes the confrontations which took place between practitioners, priest and doctors. One has to wait the emergence of psychoanalytical practices, a real watershed in that regard, to see the decline of Christian influence on medical practices, which in turn had a counter effect on theology, religious rites and contributed to the birth of the Christian doctor
Pérez, Aude. "La peinture espagnole dans la littérature et la critique d'art en France de 1838 à 1878." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040157.
Full textSubsequent to the opening of the Spanish gallery in 1838, the Spanish painting leaves the domain of romantic spanishism to build itself, in the critical discourse and in literature, in a literary topic where the writers in a quest of exotism come to search for the destabilizing images or a new aesthetic. Its closing down in 1848 starts not thirty years of silence, but the work of the "imaginary" ; the Spanish painting incarnates, thus, the marginalization, the ugliness, the bad, the perversion, the forbidden ; a sort of Italian anticode, it functions as critical recourse facing literary norms, morals and aesthetics instaured by positive reasoning. To utilise it in literary creation allows the writers to manifest at the same time untold instincts and desires, and a spiritual quest which affords them access to the vision of supernatural. The topic, in spite of the universal exposition of 1878 dedicated to the beaux-arts, survives the reality test : from the romantics to the decadents, neantisism force, it lasts throughout the 19th century, though, under different forms, offering an imaginary field prone to all the trangressions
Edwards, Paul. "Littérature et photographie : la tradition de l'imaginaire (1839-1939, Royaume-Uni et France)." Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne (UPEC), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA120051.
Full textIt is possible to trace the history of relations between literature and photography in england and france (1839-1939) de received opinion grounded on a narrow definition of photography. The major encounters between writers and photographers reveal a photo-literary tradition where photography leads not to the real world objectively transcribed by the camera bu the imaginary, in accordance with idealist preoccupations (neoplatonism, christianity), and show the inadequacy of contemporary theory, centred on the supposed "ontology" of the photographic image that makes it a reminder of death. In england, literary photography (robinson,cameron,coburn) gives rise not to simple illustration but, when interpreted in the context of the whole work in which they are inserted - an interpretation till now unattempted -, to subjective readings, where the photographs create their own fictions or represent what the characters see. In france, marey's chronophotography led valery to use an objective, scientific photography to relinquish the immobile time of symbolism and approach subjective time ; whilst breton, using freudian psychoanalysis and, even more, the remains of christian idealism, invests ordinary photography with all the powers of dream. The popular photo-novel reveals, on the contrary,a misuse of photography's reality-effect. Rodenbach's undervalued work serves to demonstrate, in le regne du silence, through the use of photographic metaphors and situations, the suspect idealism of the "theory of spectres", and to suggest in bruges-la-morte, where text and photographs together constitute a totally new kind of novel - revealed by the first ever analysis of the negatives, vari and retouching -, the pathological nature of the association between photography on the one hand, and melancholy and the reminder of death on the other
Granier, Caroline. ""Nous sommes des briseurs de formules" : les écrivains anarchistes en France à la fin du dix-neuvième siècle." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082390.
Full textMoriceau, Caroline. "Les douleurs de l'industrie : l'hygiénisme industriel en France, 1860-1914." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0108.
Full textThis thesis attempts to analyze both the scientific actions and the social effects of the French Industrial Hygiene Movement in the second half of the Nineteenth Century. In parts one and two, the construction of industrial and occupational hygiene as a new scientific discipline from middle of the century is examined. Occupational hygiene appears as a problematical field of research: neither purely medical nor technical, it calls for the difficult cooperation of several scientific disciplines. The third part presents a new approach in analyzing the conditions of industrialization. Considering workers as well as company owners, it deals with representations of pain at work, and the various behaviours occurring in the face of occupational hazards. The question tackled is that of understanding if the industrial hygienists achieved changes in work conditions as they claimed to have done. The results as the workshop’s level remain variable at the end of the century, according to cultural and economic factors, technical conditions as well as the activity of unions
Volpilhac-Auger, Catherine. "Tacite en France de Montesquieu à Chateaubriand." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CLF20036.
Full textMisunderstood and misappreciated until the middle of the eighteenth century, Tacitus becomes a first rate-author, owing to the enlightenment. The number and quality of his works greatly increase from 1750 onwards, thanks to the initiative of d'Alembert; the first years of the nineteenth century confirm this trend which reveals the new prestige of the writer. First, Tacitus is considered as a thoroughly reliable source : scholars and philosophy-minded historians (except Voltaire) use his statements and analyses both as models and to supply information. He is also an inspiration for political reflection : Germanie is the stock reference in the controversy about the origines of the monarchy and contributes to create a myth of the German, which goes and feeds the romantic imagination. But above all, thanks to Montesquieu, Tacitus stands out as the accuser of tyranny. The "philosophes "make him their hero, the forerunner of the enlightenment. From Diderot to Marat and Desmoulins, and even after French revolution, he is the the champion of liberty, moreover empowering Chateaubriand to express his own obsession of death
Rappaport, Sylvain. "Images et incarnation de la vertu : les Prix Montyon (1820-1852)." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010618.
Full textGherardi, Eugène F. X. "L'esprit corse au souffle du romantisme : notes et jalons pour une histoire culturelle." Corte, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CORT0023.
Full textLeti, Geneviève. "Santé et société esclavagiste : la Martinique (1802-1848) : mythes et réalités." Antilles-Guyane, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AGUY0227.
Full textIs good physical and mental health compatible with slave society? The answer is no. Therefore, it seemed to us to be particulary interested to study health in Martinique from 1802 to 1848 from the viewpoint of attitudes. How did people view their situation? What relationship was established between the tropical climate and diseases? How far did the doctors and the population blame their situation for the diseases prevalent in the country? What role did hippocratic and galenic medecine play? How did the different social groups treat their diseases? What was the size of the medical corps? What was the role of local healers and empirics? Were treatments from metropolitan France especially the Smallpox vaccination, used in the island? What repercussions are there on the Martinique of today? betwwen 1802 and 1848, The home straight leading to the abolition of slavery, were there any improvements in the life of the inhabitants of the colonies and therefore in their health, in particulary after the ending of the slave trade? Can a study of Martinique serve as a model in this field? There are some of the questions which we shall try to answer in this thesis by trying to distinguish between myth and reality
Munck, Olivier. "Le peintre dans le roman du XIXème siècle : histoire des rapports de la littérature et de la peinture, de l'homme et du réel." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040041.
Full textThe painter's figures from balzac to proust compose an original romantic art history showing the relationship between man and reality. Looked on aesthetic effects, this pastiche, from a composition borrowed to la comedie humaine, spreads out a tragedy, firming social, physiological and philosophical principles and causes, rules for the hero as for his art work. The hypothesis relies on the increasing part of painting as essential element in the evolvement of perception and creation. The comparaison between fiction and reality offers a summary of the influences of the pictural expression upon the litterary one, those reciprocal of this peculiar hero, from a fiction to another one, on his own creator, defining the connection between the thing perceived and expressed, the writing and the reader
Reynaud-Chazot, Isabelle. "Détournements de l'olfaction dans la littérature de la deuxième partie du XIXème siècle (France et Angleterre)." Paris 4, 2000. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01418918.
Full textSantiago, Gomez Arnulfo Uriel de. "Edition et librairie françaises au Mexique au XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0011.
Full textThis thesis is about the French Edition and Bookselling in Mexico in the 19e Century, which was one of the antecedents of the international market of books which had consequences that cultural history should try to know better: the increase of the editorial offer and the development of reading and writing. Firstly, the analysis will be focused on the definition of the "Spanish Bookselling" -a delocalized edition produced in France and bound for the lberian Peninsula and the Latin America, as the registers of the Exportations de la librairie française (French bookselling’s exports) attested it. Secondly the thesis describes the rise in France and the settlement in Mexico of this production between 1820 and 1838, with Bossange, Rosa and the American Bookshop. Thirdly, between 1838 and the decade of 1880, the integration of large "Spanish" bookshops will be studied: Rosa and Bouret. Garnier Brothers, Hachette
Reibel, Emmanuel. "L'écriture de la critique musicale dans la presse française : 1820-1870." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040094.
Full textIn spite of a slow process of specialisation, music criticism remained polymorphous throughout the 19th century. Writers or musicians, dilettantes or journalists - all reflected on an activity which was threatened by numerous obstacles. As a form of reaction, they invested this activity with a utopian mission and attempted to define unbiased, even scientific methods of judgement. Actually, along with a rational approach based on the different national "schools", judgements always resulted from a sensitive approach which was rooted in the aesthetics of effect. Hence, three modes of writing that musical reviews ceaselessly blended : a powerful rhetorical model (due to their " judicial " purposes), softened by the frame of their publication in instalments, a frame which was itself open to a metaphorical form of poetics (resulting from the aesthetics of effect, which encouraged people to tell rather than analyse music)
Benoist, Michèle. "La fantaisie et les fantaisistes dans le champ littéraire et artistique en France de 1820 à 1900." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030033.
Full textOlivero, Isabelle. "L'Invention de la collection au XIXe siècle : le cas de la "Bibliothèque Charpentier", 1838, et de la "Bibliothèque nationale", 1863." Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0017.
Full textThe book collections called "popular" for their small formats and inexpensive prices multiplied during the nineteenth century in france and europe. An editor, gervais charpentier, created a flourishing movement of "popular" books by organizing a veritable editorial revolution. The invention of a new format - called "in-18 jesus velin" - lowered the price of a compact volume by 25% and founded a new genre of editorial practice: the collection in the form of a "library" which assembled several literary categories including the classics, contemporary authors, and educational works. Each category created its own reading public, a loyal readership dedicated to compiling a part or all of a series. Two dominant models shared in the production of these collections: the type pioneered by charpentier and the type adopted later by the workers' collective that launched the "bibliotheque nationale" in the format "in-32" whose price varied from 0,25 to 1 franc. These collections would reach a varied public - the intellectual elite, bourgeois women, working-class autodidacts, and peasants alike - by a massive utilization of all the circuits of diffusion (libraries, colportage, book stations, direct sales, etc. ) and by attention lavished upon the material quality of the book and its public - a great diligence toward the quality of
Sinicropi, Gilles. ""D'oraison et d'action"." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CLF20001.
Full textPapadopoulos, Laurence. "L'interprétation et la représentation du moyen âge sous le Second Empire." Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030081.
Full textUnder the Second Empire, the representation of the Middle Ages is conditioned by the historiographic, political, literary, epistemological and aesthetic standards then into force. Those being extremely various and often contradictory, it appears a plural epoch. However, far from reflecting only in a superfluous way the 1850-1870's, the Middle Ages form material of the literary and collective imaginary. This past compensates by fantasy for the frustrations created by scientism, positivism and the materialism and makes gleam a social, communal, spiritual and even scientific ideal. This general investment explains, partly, why, under Napoleon III, the reception of the medieval period contains in germ certain methods of investigation and certain theoretical principles of the history and the social sciences of the 1870-1900's
Lavergne, Elsa de. "La naissance du roman policier français (1865-1915)." Paris 4, 2007. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=http://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/garnier?filename=EleMS01.
Full textThis study relates the rise of the French detective novel from late Second Empire to the First World War. It springs up in the judicial novels of Emile Gaboriau (1836-1873), the “father of French detective novel” and of his imitators, unrecognized novelists of the Second Empire and the Third Republic. It ends up with the first great cycles of detective adventures in the Belle Epoque, Arsene Lupin’s ones, written by Maurice Leblanc, and Rouletabille’s by Gaston Leroux. First, the research singles out the historical, literary and social factors which favoured the emergence of this genre: the popular press and serial novel development, the public’s rising interest for criminal topics and the evolution of police methods. It shows how appeared and progressively came into practice a new kind of novel, based on the actions of the character of the detective and on the process of piecing together the crime scenario. Second, the study puts the detective novel back in its connections with the contemporary world and emphasizes the wealth of its content. 19th century detective novels possess a realist vocation and tend to be similar to documents about the functioning of institutions and the rules of society. Their themes reveal the fears and the astonishment of the contemporaries who experienced the deep mutations of the industrial and urban civilization as a trauma and wondered about their consequences. Detective novels mirror the fears of a society who faces new dangers, but they either reflect its hopes, based upon the scientific and technical progress
Szász, Géza. "L' image de la Hongrie dans les récits de voyage et dans la presse en France, 1837-1847." Angers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ANGE0039.
Full textGoubina, Maya. "La perception réciproque des Français et des Russes d’après la littérature, la presse et les archives 1812 – 1827." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/these_goubina/paris4/2007/these_goubina/html/index-frames.html.
Full textThe aim of this present work is to analyse the mutual perception of the French and of the Russians at the beginning of the 19th century. Then, the very rigid reciprocal stereotypes were confronted to the intense contacts between the two nations and the pressure of the strong official propaganda. The most important in this thesis, composed of three main parts (1812, 1814-1818, 1820-1827), is the method, both historical and anthropological (the view of the “other”). The application of several others methods (as linguistic analysis, for example) and the study of many documents (correspondences, diaries, memories and road books of travellers and of military officers, newspapers, documents of civil and military propaganda, diplomatic and police archives) enable us to examine the mutual perception of the French and of the Russians, but also to establish the essential difference between their mentalities
Brogan, Una. "Bicycles in literature : the alternative modernities of human-powered locomotion in Britain and France, 1880 – 1920." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC262/document.
Full textThe compelling links between modes of transport and literature have been widely examined from the perspective of the walker, the train traveller and the car driver. This thesis engages with the long overlooked bicycle as an object that actively shapes our interaction with text and provides a unique interface for viewing the world. I assess literary treatments of utilitarian and recreational cycling in a range of English and French fiction, as well as some travel writing and non-fiction, from the turn of the twentieth century. I show how the bicycle became a favoured literary device, allowing writers to do much more than simply make a story appear up-to-date or move a character from place to place; authors used cycle journeys as a means to structure or punctuate their narratives or depict a novel sensory and aesthetic experience. The late-Victorian era saw the emergence of the modern bicycle along with a host of other transport and communication technologies that transformed everyday life. Literature from the early period of the bicycle's adoption shows how this technology contributed in some measure to the emergence of an accelerated, subjective, commodified modernity that the critic John Urry argues defined the twentieth century. Yet this thesis reveals that from the earliest days of its use, the bicycle played a crucial counter-cultural role, proposing an alternative modernity that directly challenged bourgeois, patriarchal, capitalist society. From blurring gender and class divisions, to offering a more empowering interaction with the machine, to allowing an embodied and social experience of space, the bicycle suggested a human-powered route to progress.Mots clefs en français: Littérature anglophone, littératures comparées cultural studies, vélo, technologie, transports, modernité.Mots clefs en anglais: English literature, comparative literature, cultural studies, bicycles, technology, transport, modernity
Demougin, Laure. "Identités et exotisme : représentations de soi et des autres dans la presse coloniale française au XIXe siècle (1830-1880)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30584.
Full textIdentités et exotisme : représentations de soi et des autres dans la presse coloniale française au XIXe siècle (1830-1880) Sur les territoires colonisés par la France paraissent des journaux locaux qui suivent le développement national de la presse : entre 1830 et 1880, l’époque est médiatique et le journal est un support important des publications littéraires. Dans les colonies, les périodiques contiennent ainsi des textes adaptés à leurs territoires respectifs, mais publiés toujours selon la même structure, ce qui permet une comparaison entre les différentes stratégies conduisant à l’élaboration d’identités coloniales. Ces textes, par leur diversité et leurs évolutions, représentent une sorte de chaînon manquant entre la littérature des récits de voyage et la littérature coloniale qui se définit au tournant du XXe siècle : interrogés et étudiés sous cet angle, ils prennent valeur de corpus signifiant. Ils montrent en effet le rôle identitaire de cette littérature médiatique adaptée aux colonies : en adaptant l’exotisme aux conditions coloniale, en faisant varier le critère d’altérité et par bien d’autres moyens encore, la presse locale fonde en partie une attitude coloniale qui se retrouve, mutatis mutandis, dans l’empire colonial français. C’est également la raison pour laquelle le corpus médiatique colonial du XIXe siècle se trouve être au centre de connexions avec les textes de la littérature coloniale ainsi qu’avec les problématiques de l’écriture postcoloniale : lieu de publication, de nouveauté, de tentatives identitaires et d’essais génériques, le journal colonial a produit entre 1830 et 1880 des mécanismes d’écriture appelés à se développer par la suite.
Identities and exoticism : representations of self and others in the french colonial press in the 19th century (1830-1880) Local newspapers were published in French colonial areas following the same evolution as the national newspapers: between 1830 and 1880, media-rich times, the press represents a significant publishing-platform for literary texts. Colonial newspapers contain texts adjusted to their respective geographic areas, but keep the same structure regardless, thereby allowing the comparison between the strategies leading to the building of colonial identities. The diversity and the different evolution pathways of these texts may then be considered as the missing link between the travel narratives and the early-20th century defined colonial literature. As such, they can undoubtedly be considered as a significant corpus of colonial times. These texts reflect the identity role this colonial-area adjusted media literature had: by adapting exoticism to the colonial conditions, by varying the criterion of alterity and by many other ways, local press founds, partially, a colonial attitude that can further be found, mutatis mutandis, in the French colonial empire. This is also the reason the 19th-century colonial-media corpus is at the crossroads of both colonial literature and postcolonial writing problematics: as a place for publication, novelty, identity essays, and literary genre essays, the colonial newspaper witnessed the creation, between 1830 and 1880, of writing mechanisms that would eventually develop later on.
Baugé, Isabelle. "Pantomime, littérature et arts visuels : crise de la représentation, 1820-1880." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030121.
Full textFrom 1820 to 1846, deburau is very well-known as a mime in the funambules theater and he defines the rules of his art, the "white pantomime". During that time the most famous authors of the mid 19th century interrogate themselves on the relations between language and visual arts. Pierrot, deburau's hero, is the center of a reflexion about the mimesis. The possibilities given by an silent art have been despised during a long time and become fashionable with champfleury, nodier, gautier, flaubert, who start to write some stories for deburau's pantomimes. A "pantomimic writing" begins to emerge with its own rules and some of its caracteristics (the italian characters of commedia dell'arte and the comic scenic plays) begin to appear in the novels, poems and theater plays, until 1880. Pantomime, in its relations with written language, photography, dance, sculpture and cartoon, is a way to study the new complementarity between language and visual arts
Gramfort, Valérie. "L'année 1869." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030033.
Full textThis research has been done through a synchronic study of the literary life in 1869, through the perusal of Paris daily press as well as analysis of novels, plays and poems from that period. First and foremost, we tried to take stock of the literary production taking into account the historical, economic, scientific and artistic context of the time. Why chose 1869 ? Because this date is both a sign and an inevitable landmark. Just one year before the war broke out between France and Prussia and the third republic was proclaimed, 1869 was marked by the opening of the Suez canal, the centenary of Napoléon I But also by the results general election that revealed already the weakness of Napoleon III reign. From a literary viewpoint, 1869 is a transition year when Balzac's entire works were republished, the framework of the Rougon-Macquart cycle was set up and were published the Education sentimentale, l'Homme qui rit, Madame Gervaisais, Vingt mille lieues sous les mers or Les Chants de Maldoror
Tibi, Laurence. "L'instrument de musique et la voix humaine dans la littérature françaisedu XIXème siècle." Bordeaux 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR30050.
Full textLe, Men Ségolène. "L'Illustration en France au dix-neuvième siècle : la cathédrale illustrée." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070158.
Full textThis research about nineteenth century French illustration (2 books and 65 articles or catalogues) deals mainly with the synchronical system of French romantic illustration and with the diachronical genre of children's book illustration : the case-studies consider abcs, caricature, romantic books and sets of prints, children's picture books, posters and art criticism about prints. . . The art of illustration is presented as a new visual language, based upon the circulation of vignettes and upon conventional categories of images : types, sites and scenes. This romantic visual imagery, which appeared in book illustrations and journal caricatures or cartoons, survived at the end of the century within the art of the poster and other massmedia pictures, packaged in standardized visual formulas. However this turn of the century evolution of commercial imagery appears similarly within high art and thus is linked to the advent of modern art. At the time when romantic illustrated books started to become a market collected by connoisseurs, Manet and Seurat painted social types, sketched as they had appeared in les français peints par eux-mêmes. Thus romantic illustration played the role of an experimental language for nineteenth century artists. This thesis leads us to reconsider the distinction between high and low art in the advent of modernism : the unpublished essay, la cathedrale illustree, addresses the link between abstraction and picturesque romanticism and studies the symbolic site of the cathedral, from Hugo's Notre-Dame de Paris to Monet's series of Rouen cathedrals. My art historical research runs between the history of art and literature and the history of the book, and thus belongs to cultural studies : focusing over the circulation and transmission of images, it covers also the sociology of artistic professions, and the new business of illustrations and posters
Jey, Martine. "La littérature dans l'enseignement secondaire (second cycle) en France de 1880 à 1925." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030180.
Full textThe teaching of french which evolved into an actual discipline by the turn of the last century was a teaching of literature. From the study of official school regulations, hand-books and baccalaureat exam topics, it appears that this new type of teaching, despite the obvious will to enlarge the scope of studies, mainly dealt with a corpus of authors and texts that had been priorily selected. The analysis of the exercises, which were spread as school exercises, in so far as they took up older exercises meant for a body of specialists, shows the issues met by the invention of the new discipline. The debates on pedagogy, which went with the elaboration of official regulations and with the different reforms, point to the aims and values at stake in the teaching of french, whose recognition was painstakingly legitimed and whose reference patterns evinced contradictory features. Concerning innovation or conservative factors in process, the debates within the high board of public instruction are more particularly telling and reveal the part played by the different actors of the institution
Sekeruš, Pavle. "Image des Slaves du sud dans la culture française (1830-1848)." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030146.
Full textGratiant, Isabelle. "Emergence d'une littérature : romanciers et poètes à la Martinique, 1870-1930." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040020.
Full textFrench literature outside France is pretty well known, particularly through Aimé Césaire's work. This martinican writer is the most important in the Antilles. Before him, poets and novelists tried to create literature. They lived between 1870 and 1930 they imitated French literary movements but they introduced martinican topics. The first part of this work shows a cultural life in Martinique at this time (18701930), how literature appeared in a colonial society few years after slavery abolishment. The second part examines poems and novels following struturalist's method. This dissertation tries to tell how important was writing for these writers. Just to be and to constitute a specific identity
Brouwers, Gervaise. "L’estampe dans la littérature artistique en France et en Angleterre : sa redéfinition dans la Presse à l’arrivée de la lithographie." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100186.
Full textThis thesis is about the invention of lithography and its impact on prints theory at the beginning of 19th century. Press articles dealing with artistic prints in France and in England are studied. Firstly, literature on engraving from its beginning to 18th century is perused, in order to classify the existing types of texts. This analysis offers an opportunity to see the issues emerging around print during the second half of 18th century : France deals with academic controversies whereas English engraving is seeking for public recognition. After its invention, lithography is introduced in similar conditions in both countries. A few development occurs in England, but the new technology does not find its way in neither capitals. It is finally a French report of the Institute, in 1817, which offers a new start : information about it is broadly spread in French and British press. But during the next few years, the situation is very different in Paris and London. In France, the technique meets success in the street but official critic is reluctant to write about it because of political and ideological pressures. On the contrary, England is enthusiastic but cannot develop her production because she encounters with technical difficulties. After 1825, the amount of articles about lithography is growing in press. In Paris, it is considered as a new aesthetic, as well as imported English prints which meet a real success and are benchmarks for the world of prints : both contribute to the development of romanticism. On the contrary, England is envious of “grand genre” institutional French Engraving and rather focuses on large scale techniques : interest on mezzotinto on steel is awaken and a new interest on burin emerges. Therefore, Paris and London exchange their vision on engraving and this has a dynamic impact on their individual conceptions, but their visions never meet
Fauchet, Catherine. "De l'observation sociale à l'observation de soi : analyse des mémoires envoyés à l'Académie des sciences morales et politiques lors du premier prix Beaujour sur la misère (1834-1839)." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA01A004.
Full textIn 1834, the academy of moral and political sciences launched a competitive examination for the beaujour prize, about the social question: "determining what is poverty in various counties and what signs reveal it. Finding out its roots". Up to 1839, the academy was sent twenty-seven papers. This analysis deals with the twenty-five manuscripts which got no prize nor any publication. Thanks to their participation, the candidates contributed to the social observation, but rather than inquiring, they gave an account of the signs of poverty and also, their point of view concerning its causes and, finally, the ways of solving it. Their analyses were divided into two antagonistic poles: the poor are or are not responsible for their condition. Consequently, the signs of poverty described, showed suffering or monstruosity ; their roots could be found in virtue crushed by some unfavourable economic conditions or in vice at a natural state. In order to develop their analysis, the candidates combined observation from their own experience and reading. They studied the first reports and books from political and social economists. In this way, this research also analyses the procedures of the self-taught culture, the social ambitions and the attitudes towards learned people. The moderate ambitious are those of the happy medium and well-being
Arden, Charles. "Vers une critique musicale créatrice : une redéfinition du concept de critique comme rapport entre le discours sur l’œuvre et la poétique musicale." Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA083939.
Full textThis research starts from an historical adequacy in the nineteenth century between the development of the press as a medium of expression including music, the advent of a method with the disciplines related to art discourse, and a particular artistic production: programmatic music and the symphonic poem that reveal a new link between the sound and the verb. Our choice of music criticism as subject is therefore oriented towards a place of revelation of all these issues. The critical text is in fact based on a method of judgement that respects its own object classes and provides an awareness of the context of his speech: critical discourse then becomes meta-discourse, enhancing the analysis and understanding of the work by all that can be said, all that is offered as a way of working with linguistic expression of a feeling. In order to enable this work to better understand the music that finds its inspiration and explanation of literary criticism to inspire the pen, we start from the knowledge acquired of a musical work and observe how this knowledge evolves progressively with the concepts that we present in out historical course of the discipline. Hermeneutics, heuristics, epistemology, structuralism, formalism, linguistic tools are used to focus on musicology and demonstrate that, leaving the musical, we come back after the text's critical study with more evidences, details, strengths. This, according to the same logic based on which critique reinforces musicology by multidisciplinary scopes. Our contribution is intended as a review and prospective ways that have been found in the speech to understand the musical: giving the listener the tools to build a language that reinforces his artistic experience, giving the creator a material discursive aesthetic that it can compare his work with to deepen its aesthetic, amend its production, continue to produce; giving the mediator a list of criteria which will enhance his speech tools corresponding to the identity of the work and those it links
Moulinat, Francis. "Théophile Gautier, critique d'art, dans les années 1830." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040243.
Full textGautier's art criticism followed the same evolution as his literary thinking. It praised romanticism before standing aloof from it. But, between 1836 and 1838, he transferred to art criticism the priesthood every writer is supposed to fulfill within society. He defended the artist's sovereignty; he introduced romanticism in journalism, and the practiced the criticism of beauties through descriptions: in fact, he had invented the artist criticism. Gautier considered that Paris and Munich were the two studios where the future was taking shape, that is was however in Paris that Ingres, through drawing, and Delacroix, through colors, had reformed painting and trained those who would later make up the synthesis of their art. Gautier also noticed, from 1837 on, the decline of the pictorial romanticism and the growing influence of drawing and style. This binary system was applied in landscape, but not in sculpture which is a principally antique art, meant to show only beauty. In Gautier’s aesthetics, the superior artist would shelter both a microcosm and an ideal, contrary to the naturist who copies nature. His mission was to express his own vision of the beauty, and Gautier widespread this mission to the whole life. By designing objects, the artist would regain his lost priesthood, educate society and lead to a new renaissance. By developing such an utopy, by divinizing art which had become the supreme value and a refuge to forget reality, Gautier expressed an aesthetics which was at the same time romantic, as it awarded a major position to the artist, eclectic, since it accepted color and drawing, and innovative, for it would foreshadow many trends of the second half of the century
Scepi, Henri. "Sujet et langage : contribution à la poétique de Jules laforgue (1860-1887)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CLF20097.
Full textEntirely placed under the sign of the never-ending quest for originality, and subordinated to the principles of a philosophically and scientifically jointed aesthetics, jules laforgue's poetic work is first and foremost remarkable for its capacity to place the creative subject in the position of a critic in front of the issue of language and henceforth that of expression. Indeed, denying one after the other all the thesis which dogmatically promote clarity of expression and good taste as well as the timeless beautiful, laforgue ventures the hypothesis of an aesthetics in the making which focusses on the absolute need to develop an idiosyncratic speech. Of course, such a position merges with the imperative of modernity launched by the "decadent" generation; but it also comes across the field of the linguistic theory of the 19 th century, which tends to problematise, according to two different axes, the position of the speaking subject within language. Thus laforgue's poetic stance reflects two apparently contradictory positions: on the one hand, the right to total subjectivity and poetic autonomy is claimed, as principles ordering discourse; on the other hand, a large part is devoted to the doctrines, inherited from darwin and prolonged by hartmann, which subordinate the subject to the hegemony of an evolution which transcends him. But those two perspectives merge in the achievement of a poetics which purports to include the accidents of enpiricism as well as the unceasing movement of life. Thereof, individual discourse circumscrites the locus of a rupture and ascribes to speech a radical function which both deconstructs the cliches and conventions of poetic medium and the lifeless structures of language