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Academic literature on the topic 'Littérature tchèque – 1945-1970 – Histoire et critique'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Littérature tchèque – 1945-1970 – Histoire et critique"
Burda, Milan. "La littérature de l'émigration tchèque de 1948 à 1968 : contribution à l'histoire de la littérature tchèque contemporaine." Bordeaux 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR30002.
Full textLiterature and literary life of czech emigration from 1948 to 1968 have not yet been studied either in czechoslovakia or in western countries. Therefore the first part of the present dissertationanalyzes in first place the general problems of the czech literary emigration from 1948 to 1968 : czech literature in exile compared to national czech literature; composition of the czech literary emigration; its chronological evolution; its purposes; its contacts with a czech audience. The chronology is not "literary" but follows the evolution of the international political situation, from cold war to detente, and consists of the three folllowing parts : formation period (1948-1952); peak period (1953-1956); dialogue period, aiming at influencing the evolution of society in czechoslovakia (1957-1968). Each part successivily presents the political and economic situation in which the emigration developed, its activities; its literary production and its themes, its main journals, organizations and "publishers". The conclusion introduces a comparison between this first wave of czech literary emigration and the second one which was to last from 1968 to the fall of the communist regime in 1989
Moreno-Bachler, Jessica. "Expulsions des Allemands des Sudètes : expressions d'une identité atrophiée dans la littérature : "L'Heure étoilée du meurtrier" de Pavel Kohout, "Les Inachevés" de Reinhard Jirgl." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30018/document.
Full textThe theme of my research is identity, the transmission of History into a family and the social deconstruction of the German expellees after World War II. The expulsion of the Sudeten Germans is the historical frame in which the novels of Reinhard Jirgl and Pavel Kohout evolve. The questions that are explored in this doctoral thesis are: How can literature be the medium of their suffering? Which part did the lost homeland play on their identity and how could they pass on the History to their children or grand-children without imprisoning them in a jail of silence? Pavel Kohout’s novel, Sternstunde der Mörder, embodies the interrogations of the allied forces in 1945: are German and Czech people able to live side by side? The expulsions, the violence and the loss of the homeland gave birth to a trauma that still isn’t healed. The Rosenbach family in Reinhard Jirgl’s novel Die Unvollendenten are the victims of those expulsions and pass their trauma on to the grandchild, sick of a wound that isn’t his own. The suffering of this generation is still present in today’s Germany: can literature be part of the healing process?
Gendre, Denise. "Statut et roles du professeur dans le roman francais de 1945 a 1970." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030138.
Full textThe novelists between 1945 and 1970 revealed that the academic authorities appointed teachers according to specific criteria, subjected them to a status, imposed on them obligations, threatened them with disciplinary measures and rewarded them with advancement and honour. In that demanding occupation wages were often low and led to a poor standard of living. However the most underprivileged were the private school teachers who received lower wages and were more submitted to the authorities. Fiction, based on real facts, on the teacher in his professional role, either inclined to fail or to succeed, depicts his love inclinations inside and outside marriage, pictures him as a father or a son, shows his behaviour towards the laws and the great humanitrian values. It is through literature, didactic research or fiction that he reveals himself, as well as in politics, and the most gifted become masters of things and of the minds of admiring disciples. The writer gives a rather faithful image of the teacher and makes him a romantic character
Le, Guillou Philippe. "Figures et rituels initiatiques dans le roman et le récit français : (1970-1980)." Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20005.
Full textThis thesis intends to study the return of rituals and patterns of initiation in a series of works published between 1970 and 1980, essentially in texts written by Tournier, Gracq, Grainville, Farragi and Louis-Combet. These authors and the traditional rules of initiation are presented first, then one deals with narrative forms and characterization in the different texts -particular attention is given to the waning of the figure of the master. The initiatory space is also duly considered and one aims at defining the aesthetics of the texts as a poetry of secrecy. The thesis wishes to replace this literary trend in the decade 1970-80, showing how much these works reflect the mutations and fears of their time. Drawing inspiration from the works of Bachelard, Eliade and Durand on initiation and imagination, the author is ever at pain to link this initiatory constellation to a tradition of mythical literature, beyond the temporal bounds of his study
Macor-Filarska, Isabelle. "Poésie polonaise et poésie française d'́après-guerre : deux concepts de la réalité." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030048.
Full textThe comparative study of contemporary polish and french poetry outlines two concepts of really acting from the heart of both poetical fields. One is founded on historical memory and christian metaphysics, and or on a classical materialism, where as the other by questioning traditional metaphysics, influenced by the thought of heidegger, sets out in search of the world, of the being, of true presence, or of the being as a state of constant change, of the real place. We are thus facing two types of attitude to the world, not only are they different but also divergent, nevertheless sharing the common disquiet towards human future and the obsession of nothingness. However, with the polish poet, the affirmation of the concept of reality is revealed through a criticism of poetic practice in force in western europe. In a more or less explicit way, contemporary polish poetry brings a charge against europe and against france which is its cultural symbol. This charge which is in keeping with an ethical and metaphysical perspective gives evidence of the divergences which exist between two poetries born from a common cultural background and which each refers to a proper relationship: historic-mystic-religious for polish poetry, with, however, a rationalist tendancy, and like rimbaud-mallarme for french poetry. In its divergences, the poetry shows how its stake is the stake of the subject, of man before the world
Aleksandrova, Sonya. "L'année littéraire 1953-54 dans la littérature européenne." Artois, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ARTO0006.
Full text“The 1953/1954 Year in West European Literature” is a comparative theoretical study on French, English and German prose. The 1953-1954 year in literature cuts in half the 20th century while remaining a transitory period in the history of literature. The period stands out as an evolutionary stage which does not undermine diachrony with cardinal changes, thereby constituting a follow-up to the established literary trends in whose bosom lurks a trace of the transformation. In order to outline an image of the period in question, the present study was based on a synchronic crosscut in the 1953-1954 period of the 20th century, using as a methodological tool a discussion on the notion of “year in literature”. The specificity of the historical era is delineated via five literary motifs analyzed on the basis of synchronic series, namely the emphasis on youth, the symbol of the beach, the advent of feminism, the metaphor of the alcoholic beverage, and the reverberating memories from the Second World War. The first three motives were defined as ascending in the literature process. On the basis of social cult to the youth were sharply outlined the images of lost children, self-grown child and prodigal son. The secondary female character was examined by means of prototype, whose invariants are mature in age and did not succeed to achieve the desired happiness and they are attracted by the suicide. Literature description of beach culture discovered the conception process of the beach topos made of island utopias, through the border spaces between forest and water, till its fixing on the sea shore and its shaping as utopian pleasure spot. The steady manifestation of alcohol metaphor demonstrated the destructive functions which create illusion of warmth and contribute to the human identity denial. Second World War theme response examines the specifics of conflict beginning, the destiny of an ordinary German soldier, overexposing the plot over non typical genres, the apprehensions of Nazi regime revenge and the psychological consequences in postwar time
Panaïte, Oana. "La littérature et ses ombres : Invention esthétique et questionnement éthique dans la prose narrative contemporaine." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040091.
Full textThis dissertation presents a critical examination of three major trends in contemporary literature: the biographical imagination, the exhaustion of fiction and the dismantling of narratives. The analysis focuses on the historical and theoretical framework of a new esthetics whose main characteristics are the refusal of the collective manifesto and the emergence of individual poetics as well as an ethics of worldliness manifested in the poetics of memory, the writing of authenticity and the existential foundation of the literary text. Through the comparative reading of works by Pierre Michon, Jean Echenoz and Patrick Chamoiseau, the author scrutinizes the structures of representation, the thematic and stylistic forms which have come to define French and Francophone narrative prose after 1980
Sy, Savané Abdoul. "Expérience guinéenne et production romanesque (1970-1987)." Cergy-Pontoise, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CERG0004.
Full textSigalas, Clément. "La guerre manquée : Représentations de la Seconde Guerre mondiale dans le roman français (1945-1960)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040204.
Full textThis thesis deals with the representations of the Second World War found in the French novels published between 1945 and 1960. It aims to shed light on a body of works that depict a “failed war”, unlike the epic vision which prevails in the post-war period. It analyses from an aesthetic, ethical and political perspective twenty novels or so which portray war as an unreal, elusive experience shared by French people.The first part of this work scrutinizes the way writers depict the failure of war. These novels portray the conflict as both spectral and brutal – seen from a distance, almost always mediated, concealed under the appearance of peace, yet unescapably destructive.These novels also throw light on the failure of community. A far cry from the seminal, unifying narrative of the epic, they start attacking the myth of France as unified in the war effort very soon after the end of the conflict.The second part of this thesis looks at the ways they construct the image of a torn or passive nation, as if they were France’s guilty conscience.This study will finally examine the way the novel “thinks”, how it was specifically used to convey a specific reflection on community. Against the discourses of literary Resistance, then Existentialism, it questioned the primacy of rational thinking in men; against the prominence of documents, it embraced fiction as a means to explore dark territories; against the calls for exemplariness, it constituted itself as an autonomous space to investigate the war, as well as to challenge the failures and shortcomings of the epic discourse
Thiers, Bettina. "Poétiques expérimentales et engagement : Poésie concrète, visuelle, sonore et pièces radiophoniques expérimentales dans l'espace germanophone de 1945 à 1970." Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR2018.
Full textConcrete, visual and sound poetry, as well as experimental radio plays, appearing in the early 1950s in Germany, Switzerland and Austria specifically, have until now been perceived as formal games with language, sparing their authors from taking any political position with regards to reality. Given this narrow understanding of the sartrian concept of “engaged literature”, experimental poetry hence appeared as “disengaged.” And yet, authors insist on the deconstruction of traditional poetry, of linguistic norms and of the Occidental vision of culture. As a consequence, shouldn’t we also understand experimental literary forms as political in the sense that they shatter our traditional vision and experience of the world? The distance taken from reality leads to what Rancière calls “political subjectivity”, by which he means the emancipation of the individual from a fixed social identity through news ways of saying and thinking. Analyzing the political intention inherent to specific poetical choices, this study offers a poetic approach of literary political engagement