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Journal articles on the topic 'Livelihood improvement'
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1
Wu, Kongsen, Dongyan Kong, and Xinjun Yang. "The Impact of Rural Industrial Development on Farmers’ Livelihoods—Taking Fruit-Producing Area as an Example." Land 12, no. 8 (2023): 1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12081478.
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Analyzing the impact of industry development on farmers’ livelihoods is of great significance for promoting rural revitalization and the sustainable development of farmers’ livelihoods in China. In this paper, taking Dali County of the Guanzhong Plain as an example, in accordance with the sustainable livelihoods approach (SLA), we adopted the comprehensive index method, statistical analysis method and relevant analysis method to explore the impact of rural industry development on farmers’ livelihoods by analyzing the evolution of farmers’ livelihood strategies in different times (2000, 2010 and 2019) and the differentiation of forms of livelihood capital and livelihood outcomes among different types of farmers in 2019 under the background of industrial development. The main conclusions were as follows: The degree of commercialization of the agricultural industry has improved, and the overall development of the rural industry presents an obvious trend away from agriculture. With the upgrading of the rural industrial structure, the leading livelihood strategies of farmers have gradually changed from the crop-planting type to the work-oriented type, and forms of livelihood capital and livelihood outcomes differ significantly among farmer households. Compared to traditional agriculture, the development of the fruit industry and service industry and the degree of participation in these industries are conducive to the accumulation of farmers’ livelihood capital, while migrant work alone has a negative impact on the improvement in farmers’ livelihood capital. The development of the fruit industry and nonagricultural industries and the degree of participation in these industries are more conducive to the improvement in farmers’ livelihood outcomes than is participation in traditional agriculture.
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Sheheli, Shonia, Montasir Md Hasan, Debashish Sarker Dev, and Mohammad Maruf Hasan. "Livelihood Improvement of Broiler Farmers in Bhaluka of Mymensingh District, Bangladesh." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 22, no. 4 (2024): 468–79. https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v22i4.78857.
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This study attempted to explore the impact of broiler farming on livelihood improvement of the selected broiler farmers of Bhaluka upazila (sub-district) under Mymensingh district by analyzing factors influencing key indicators of livelihood change like food availability, household conditions, physical assets, sanitation, and income. A total of 60 randomly selected broiler farmers was considered for the sample of this study, from whom data were collected using a structured questionnaire by a face-to-face interview from October to November 2022. The paired sample t-test and total livelihood score were considered for overall livelihood change. The findings underscore significant positive changes in livelihood dimensions following broiler farming adoption. It was found that the mean of the overall livelihood scores before (13.55) and after (18.02) situation reveals the improvement of livelihood status, which is further supported by the significant t-value (18.626). There was notable improvement in food availability, upgraded household conditions, increased physical assets, enhanced sanitation, and elevated income levels. Despite these positive outcomes, the study highlighted persistent challenges, particularly in disease outbreaks and high input costs. In addition to recognizing and resolving current issues, it highlighted how broiler farming may improve a variety of livelihoods in Bangladesh. Through shedding light on both successful outcomes and enduring challenges, the study helped shape strategies for promoting rural development and sustainable farming methods in the context of broiler farming. J Bangladesh Agril Univ 22(4): 468-479, 2024
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He, Xuesong, Yawei Wu, and Jianzhi Wei. "The Status of Collective Action among Rural Households in Underdeveloped Regions of China and Its Livelihood Effects under the Background of Rural Revitalization—Evidence from a Field Survey in Shanxi Province." Sustainability 16, no. 15 (2024): 6575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16156575.
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Enhancing collective action among rural households is crucial for promoting rural revitalization and improving livelihoods in underdeveloped areas. Taking Shanxi Province, China, as a case study, this paper employed a household survey method to collect 312 questionnaires from rural households. Using the mean value analysis of the measured items in the questionnaire. The participation status of farmers in less developed areas in collective actions, such as farmers’ professional cooperatives, village cadre elections, and cooperative construction of small farmland water conservancy, was examined in four aspects: willingness to participate, frequency of participation, time of participation, and sense of the value of participation. From the perspectives of livelihood risks, livelihood assets, livelihood patterns, and livelihood income, it analyzed the livelihood conditions of rural households in underdeveloped regions. Building upon the empowerment of collective action in rural livelihoods, the study further applied a multiple linear regression model to assess the impact of collective action on livelihoods. The findings indicated (1) a strong willingness and perceived value among rural households to participate in collective action, albeit with a low frequency and limited time commitment; (2) relatively low livelihood levels, characterized by limited livelihood assets, predominant subsistence farming, small-scale non-specialized enterprises, and low livelihood income, yet with notable resilience against livelihood risks; (3) that collective action significantly enhances rural household livelihoods positively. Based on these findings, policy recommendations are proposed, emphasizing the enhancement of collective organization, provision of incentive mechanisms, and improvement of farmers’ skills and qualities to foster greater participation in collective action.
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Hemel, Syed Aflatun Kabir, Mohammad Kamrul Hasan, Md Abdul Wadud, et al. "Improvement of Farmers’ Livelihood through Choi Jhal (Piper chaba)-Based Agroforestry System: Instance from the Northern Region of Bangladesh." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (2022): 16078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142316078.
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One of the most significant linchpins of the socioeconomic and livelihood milieu for rural farmers around the world is agroforestry. Several agroforestry practices are being employed by farmers in Bangladesh’s northern region, with Choi Jhal (Piper chaba)-based agroforestry being one of the most prevalent. Numerous researches have been conducted in different regions of Bangladesh to determine the potential livelihood for farmers who engage in diversified agroforestry, but hardly any comprehensive research has been carried out considering the aforementioned system as one of the most sustainable practices. To address this knowledge void, the present research was conducted in the Chinai union of Rajarhat Upazila in the Kurigram district of Bangladesh, surveying 105 Piper chaba farmers to assess the impact of this existing agroforestry system on their livelihood predicament. A mixed-method approach, including secondary data review, questionnaire survey, key informant interviews, focus group discussions and direct observations, were used for data collection and triangulation. To evaluate livelihoods and the problem severity, the Livelihood Improvement Index (LII) and the Problem Facing Index (FPI) were utilized, respectively. The findings demonstrate that the most suitable tree for Piper chaba cultivation is the betel nut (74.3%), and the majority (64.8%) of farmers have 41 to 90 Piper chaba plants. By strengthening farmers’ constant availability of food, fruit, timber, fodder, and fuelwood, this agroforestry system has markedly increased the sustainability of their livelihoods. This practice is thought to boost farmers’ livelihood capitals, with natural capital improving the most, while social capitals improve the least. However, eight major problems have been identified that farmers face while growing the crop and these must be remedied if different livelihood capitals are to be vastly improved. This research gives a full insight into the current Piper chaba production scenario and livelihood dynamics of local farmers, allowing some bold propositions to be formulated for further upgrading of their subsistence.
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Li, Danyang, Daizo Kojima, Laping Wu, and Mitsuyoshi Ando. "Digital Ability and Livelihood Diversification in Rural China." Sustainability 15, no. 16 (2023): 12443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151612443.
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Livelihood diversification is an important strategy for rural households in developing countries, especially in China, which has the largest rural population in the world. In the current digital age, the existing literature lacks sufficient research on the influence of digital ability on livelihood diversification. Using survey data from 1914 rural households in China, this study evaluates the digital ability of rural households through item response theory. Additionally, the livelihood diversification of rural households is analyzed from two aspects: work type and industry. Finally, IV-Tobit models are set up to test the impact of digital ability on livelihood diversification. The results show that: (1) engaging in both agricultural production and employed work concurrently is the key strategy for rural households to diversify their livelihoods; (2) digital ability significantly promotes livelihood diversification, regarding both work type and industry; (3) digital ability’s capacity to diversify livelihood is particularly notable for low-income households, followed by the medium-income group, then the high-income group. These findings are meaningful for the sustainable improvement of rural households’ livelihoods.
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Mohanty, Priya Ranjan, Madhusmita Sahoo, and Souvik Ghosh. "Empowered by Enterprise: Evaluating Livelihood Status Improvement through Attracting and Retaining Youth in Agriculture (ARYA)." Indian Journal of Extension Education 61, no. 2 (2025): 56–61. https://doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2025.61211.
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The ARYA initiative by ICAR has effectively engaged rural youth in agriculture, promoting financial gain and interest in agripreneurship. ARYA project has transformed the agricultural landscape by retaining rural youth in the sector and empowering them with essential skills and opportunities. This study was conducted in Puri district of Odisha during 2024,aiming to assess farmers’ livelihood status of ARYA entrepreneurs. A total 120 respondents were surveyed using structured interviews and secondary data sources. The results revealed that the overall mean score of livelihood status increased by 21 per cent, demonstrating the programme’s success in ensuring sustainable livelihoods and income with minimal investments. Participants have shown significant improvements in their livelihood index, social participation, and information seeking behavior. This initiative has significantly contributed to the socio-economic development of rural areas, highlighting its role in driving sustainable change and fostering a resilient agricultural community. The positive outcomes of the ARYA initiative underscore its importance in promoting sustainable agricultural practices and enhancing the overall livelihood status of the rural youth.
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Zerihun, Mulatu Fekadu. "Agroforestry Practices in Livelihood Improvement in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (2021): 8477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158477.
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Agroforestry plays a significant role in increasing agricultural productivity. In South Africa, there is a pressing need for promoting smallholder agriculture to promote sustainable rural livelihoods, to ensure food security, to lower inflation in food prices, and address rampant rural unemployment in the country. The agricultural economy is characterised by a monopoly structure where almost every single staple in South Africa is already produced by large manufacturers that can produce it at better quality and lower cost than the average smallholder enterprise or cooperative. Such a monopoly structure fundamentally undermines the development of local markets, where local small-scale producers sell to their local community. The novelty of this study is addressing the research gap that conventional rural livelihood analyses often neglect, i.e., the role of environmental products in general, and forest and agroforestry products. Using a log linear regression model with cross-sectional data collected from a sample of 300 households, this study explores the likely impact of agroforestry practices in promoting the livelihood of rural communities in the study areas. Results obtained from multiple linear regression analysis showed that average household income increased as a function of utilization of agroforestry practices. Agroforestry contributes to sustainable rural livelihoods in South African provinces where the predominant means of livelihoods is rural subsistence farming and agriculture. Since valuation of agroforestry products and services are technically difficult, farmers often underestimate the contribution of agroforestry to the household’s livelihood income. These findings have policy implications in promoting food security in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa and beyond.
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Dhungana, Bharat Ram. "Perceived Impact of Microfinance on Livelihood Improvement in Kaski District of Nepal." Interdisciplinary Journal of Innovation in Nepalese Academia 2, no. 1 (2023): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/idjina.v2i1.55968.
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This paper examines the perceived impact of microfinance on livelihood improvement in Kaski district of Nepal. The study is based on a primary survey limited to five MFIs working in rural parts of Kaski district. The impact of microfinance services on people's livelihoods was examined using a descriptive and explanatory research including paired sample t-test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test The livelihood status of the clients has been measured in terms of economic (microbusiness creation, income level, saving habits, productive investment, consumption, and capital expenditures) and social condition (educational status, health status, women empowerment, and social networking) of the clients after microfinance intervention. The researcher randomly selected 150 clients involved in microfinance institutions for the last three or more years. Microfinance significantly affects the livelihood and raises standards of living. The study finds a significant impact of microfinance on the livelihood improvement of poor and marginalized people. Microfinance interventions have significantly improved clients' economic condition, including microbusiness creation, income level, saving habits, productive investment, consumption, and capital expenditures. The social conditions, particularly educational status, health status, women empowerment, and social networking of clients, have significantly improved. Microfinance can be useful for fostering economic growth and enhancing the lives of low-income people and communities, even though its efficacy is disputed. The regulatory authority should develop sound financial and social outreach efficiencies of microfinance institutions to ensure both the welfare of clients and the sustainability of micro institutions.
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Maselle, Anna E. "Contribution of vegetable farming to livelihood outcomes among the youth in Ihumwa and Mtumba wards, Dodoma city, Tanzania." African Journal of Accounting and Social Science Studies 4, no. 1 (2022): 186–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajasss.v4i1.10.
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In recent years there has been a growing literature on youth and livelihood opportunities in agriculture. However, the extent to which such engagement in agriculture improves the livelihood of youth has hardly attracted scholarly attention. Consequently, a convergent parallel mixed method design was adopted to examine the contribution of vegetable farming to livelihood outcomes among the youth. A two-stage sampling technique was used to select 250 respondents for the study. A checklist was used to gather qualitative data while structured questionnaire was used to gather quantitative data. Five livelihood indicators were used to construct the index. Each livelihood indicator was measured by three sub- indicators which were measured in a 3 point Likert scale (low, medium and high livelihood outcomes) Ordinal logistic regression model (OLRM) was employed to determine the chances of the youths’ livelihood outcome levels being high due to vegetable farming. More than half (58%) of the respondents had attained high level of livelihood outcomes. Interestingly, a weak impact of vegetable farming was noted in improved human and social capital in such a way that improvement in the livelihoods can only be achieved by cultivating more land. Results from OLRM revealed that land size, vegetable variety and education were the most significant (p≤ 0.05) predictors of the livelihood outcomes. Conclusively, vegetable farming has the potential of improving livelihoods. However, the main challenge is not just one of engaging the youth in agriculture but equipping them with farming and entrepreneurial skills to enable them realise their ambition in farming. The local government in collaborations with the youth and academic/research institutions are urged to address these challenges when designing intervention for improving the livelihoods of youth through agriculture.
10
M, Rubavel. "Situational Analysis on Access of Livelihood Capitals in Livelihoods of Poor Households." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 15, no. 4 (2019): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v15.n4.p4.
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<p class="normal">Poverty is one of the major problem of developing countries, the United Nation organization taken up eliminating poverty is one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The poverty has been addressed through various approaches, methods, schemes and programmes schemes in the past. This paper proposes a new dimension to address the poverty reduction and through promoting the livelihood for the poor households. The lacks of capitals are one of the major problems to start livelihood activities. The livelihood activities of poor households depend on the availability of livelihood capitals as a starting point, Poor households used to combine the resource run their livelihood activities, Livelihood capitals are important for running the livelihood activities. The availability and accessibility of livelihood capitals for poor households help to build up their livelihood activities. Livelihood capitals are such as natural, physical, human, financial and social capital. The improvement in these livelihood capitals can improve the livelihood outcomes. The accesses to these livelihood capitals are important in promoting and sustaining livelihood activities. Access to credit is one of the most important would help to come out of poverty. This paper explores the availability and accessibility of livelihood capital for the poor households and presents the empirical study conducted among 503 rural poor households who were involved in the livelihood activities of in Alathur Block of Perambalur District, Tamil Nadu, India.</p>
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West, Colin Thor. "Documenting livelihood trajectories in the context of development interventions in northern Burkina Faso." Journal of Political Ecology 20, no. 1 (2013): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v20i1.21750.
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The northern Central Plateau of Burkina Faso has been the site of extensive development assistance since the 1980s. Thousands of hectares of degraded land have been rehabilitated through investments in Soil and Water Conservation (SWC) techniques. Comprehensive assessments of these projects have documented their beneficial impacts. This study extends these insights to consider the effects of SWC on livelihood sustainability by comparing recent household-level indicators with studies conducted twenty years earlier. Comparing quantitative data from two different points in time allows researchers to identify 'livelihood trajectories', or the general direction of either improvement or decline. The results show that although SWC investments have improved the natural capital of Mossi households, improvements in other forms of capital have accrued mostly among wealthy households.Key words: Livelihoods, development, Mossi, Burkina Faso
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Luo, Muchen, and Yimin Wu. "Data-Driven Evaluation and Optimisation of Livelihood Improvement Efficiency." Sustainability 14, no. 13 (2022): 8131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14138131.
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In this study, we developed a data-driven approach for the evaluation and optimisation of livelihood improvement efficiency (LIE) to address slowing global economic growth and the decline in well-being in the broader population, enhance the quality of people’s livelihoods, and promote sustainable social development. We designed a questionnaire survey and constructed an evaluation index system based on a comprehensive consideration of economic resources, social security and employment, education, and health. Using principal component analysis, entropy weighting, and data envelopment analysis, we optimised the evaluation indicators and quantitatively assessed LIE. We used a Tobit regression model to analyse the factors influencing LIE and provide decision-making support for proposing countermeasures to optimise LIE. Based on the research data, we administered the questionnaire survey to 3125 residents in 16 cities in China’s Anhui Province and demonstrated the applicability of the aforementioned method. The results indicate that there is room for optimising LIE in cities in Anhui Province, which needs to be achieved through the following steps: controlling costs and avoiding waste, encouraging entrepreneurship, increasing income, guiding the direction of industrial growth, optimising regional population structure, and promoting public participation to enhance people’s livelihoods.
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Wang, Guowei, Dingqing Wang, and Liang Zhang. "Assessing the Impact of Government Behavior on Regional High-Quality Development: A Case of Fiscal Expenditures on People’s Livelihoods in China." Land 12, no. 10 (2023): 1924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12101924.
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Government fiscal support is an important way to improve social welfare and enhance the protection of people’s livelihood. This paper uses the entropy weight TOPSIS method, fixed effect model, two-stage least squares regression, moderating effect model, and mediating effect model to comparatively analyze the level of high-quality development of the region and explore the impact and mechanism of livelihood expenditures on the high-quality development of the region. The findings show that increasing government expenditures on people’s livelihoods can effectively improve regional high-quality development, but the degree of marginal improvement varies with different periods and locations. People’s livelihood expenditure could promote sustainable regional development by increasing the consumption level of residents. Urbanization could strengthen the positive effect of livelihood expenditure on regional high-quality development. This study enriches the theoretical research on institutional economics and explores the effect and role of government behavior in the process of high-quality development from the perspective of livelihood expenditure.
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Etana, Dula, Denyse J. R. M. Snelder, Cornelia F. A. van Wesenbeeck, and Tjard de Cock Buning. "The Impact of Adaptation to Climate Change and Variability on the Livelihood of Smallholder Farmers in Central Ethiopia." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (2021): 6790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126790.
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Although most micro-level studies show the positive impact of adaptation on food security and household income, these are only a few of the outcomes adaptation is intended to achieve. Farmers’ livelihoods function in complex ways such that an understanding the multidimensional outcome of adaptation is important. These necessitate the use of multiple indicators in the evaluation of the impact of adaptation. Based on data collected from 810 randomly selected households in central Ethiopia, this study investigates the impacts of adaptation strategies on the sustainability of the livelihoods of farmers. The economic, social, and environmental outcomes were integrated to construct the Livelihood Sustainability Index. The endogenous switching regression model, which accounts for unobserved heterogeneity and possible endogeneity, was used to examine the impact of using adaptation strategies. With a mean score of 41, the farmers had lower levels of livelihood sustainability. Farmers switching crop type, diversifying crops, planting improved seeds, engaging in land management activities, and using irrigation had a higher livelihood sustainability index compared to the counterfactual case in which they did not use them. Non-farm employment and migration significantly increased livelihood sustainability for the using households. However, had these factors been used by the non-users, it would have resulted in reduced livelihood sustainability. Farmers using more than four adaptation strategies had more sustainable livelihoods than using fewer strategies. The findings affirm that adaptation contributes to livelihood improvement. However, since the farmers are far from achieving a higher level of sustainable livelihoods, policies shall focus on maximizing the returns to be obtained from using adaptation strategies. This includes improving access to ecosystem services through environmental protection measures, increasing production efficiency through improved access to and proper utilization of farm inputs, expanding irrigation facilities, creating decent employment opportunities, and enhancing farmers’ skills through entrepreneurial training.
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Atieno, Paul Okello. "Drivers to Participation in SHGs and Changes in Household Livelihood Constructs: A Longitudinal Survey in Nyakach Sub-County, Kenya." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 10, no. 03 (2022): 975–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v10i3.sh02.
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Poverty reduction and socio-economic challenges since 1990s attracted institutions named Self-Help Groups (SHGs) among communities. Literature abound linking SHGs with empowerment especially of women albeit with weak methodology and failure to measure changes in livelihood participation. Poverty level still increased in areas like Nyakach Sub-County where SHGs operate. Poverty level increased from 18% to 43% until 2019, representing 238% rise. The study purposed to establish how participation in SHGs changed constructs of household livelihoods in Nyakach Sub-County, Kenya. The study hypotheses tested; absence of significant difference in household food security before and after joining SHGs, absence of significant difference in household healthcare access before and after joining SHGs, and absence of significant difference in household social capabilities before and after joining SHGs. Using Symbolic Interactionism Theory a longitudinal survey design was applied on 9450 target population. A sample of 384 provided data at two points before joining SHGs and after joining. Mean values of the two periods were compared using z-statistics. Findings showed that through participation in SHGs, improvement in food security (M=3.60; SD=1.39) and improvement in social capabilities (M=3.53; SD=1.36) were highly changed. Improvement in healthcare access was slight (M=2.73 ; SD=1.04). A significant and positive improvement in livelihood constructs of the SHG members was observed thus rejection of the null hypotheses (H01 ; H02 and H03). Conclusively, participation in SHGs had significant potential of improving livelihood constructs of households. It is recommended that healthcare as a construct of livelihood should be institutionalised through SHGs for more community reach.
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ZOSSOU, ESPÉRANCE, PAUL VAN MELE, JONAS WANVOEKE, and PHILIPPE LEBAILLY. "PARTICIPATORY IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF RICE PARBOILING VIDEOS WITH WOMEN IN BENIN." Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 3 (2012): 438–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479712000117.
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SUMMARYUsing the sustainable livelihoods framework to evaluate the impact of a farmer-to-farmer video on the improved rice parboiling technology, women in Benin rated financial, social, human, natural and physical capital stocks for the baseline year (2006) and the impact year (2009) on a 0–5 scale. Women who had watched the video and those who had not, but who lived in the same villages, perceived a significant improvement in four out of five livelihood capitals while processors in control villages did not perceive any significant change. Apart from testing the sustainable livelihoods conceptual framework as a participatory impact assessment tool for video-mediated rural learning, this study shows how farmer-to-farmer training videos helped to improve multiple livelihood assets.
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Ankenbrand, Christina, Abrina Welter, and Nina Engwicht. "Formalization as a tool for environmental peacebuilding? Artisanal and small-scale mining in Liberia and Sierra Leone." International Affairs 97, no. 1 (2021): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiaa199.
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Abstract Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) has long been a vital source of livelihoods for rural populations in the global South. Yet, it has also been linked to a host of social, political and environmental adversities, including violent conflict. As environmental peacebuilding increasingly stresses the importance of livelihood improvement as a means of fostering peace in conflict-affected extractive societies, ASM formalization has been identified as a solution to mitigate the sector's challenges, thereby addressing underlying causes of conflict. This article critically investigates the contribution of ASM formalization to sustainable peace by focusing on its impact on the livelihood dimension of peacebuilding. It analyses the livelihood impact of three formalization interventions in the diamond sectors of two countries: cooperatives in Liberia, and, in Sierra Leone, ethical sourcing schemes and a community-based natural resource management initiative. In line with calls for a paradigm shift from a narrow legalization-centred understanding of formalization to a broader approach that accounts for livelihood quality, the analysis presented here focuses on interventions that were informed by the ideal of improving the well-being of ASM workers and communities. We propose three pathways through which ASM formalization could potentially contribute to livelihood enhancement: income security, working conditions and community benefits. Based on fieldwork, this article highlights the challenges of generating livelihood improvements through formalization. Even when specifically designed to address the needs of ASM communities, during implementation, they risk prioritizing a narrow conceptualization of formalization and thus failing to become a conductor of transformative change.
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Ali, Subira, Odass Bilame, and Deborah Andrew Ngusa. "The Alternative Livelihood Practices Engaged by Artisanal Fishers for Household Improvements in Zanzibar Islands." Journal of Interdisciplinary Socio-Economic and Community Study 3, no. 2 (2023): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/jiscos.03.2.01.
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This paper outlines the alternative livelihood practices used by artisanal fishers for household improvement in five Zanzibar Islands fishing villages: Kizimkazi Dimbani, Chwaka, Unguja Ukuu Kaepwani, Tumbe Mashariki, and Michenzani. The cross-sectional research design was used to collect quantitative data via a questionnaire survey and qualitative data via Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews. Data were collected from a sample of 333 artisanal fishers drawn from the 1991 population using the Yamane formula. According to the findings of the study, approximately half of the artisanal fishers (53.45%) did not engage in any alternative livelihood practice to support the livelihood of their households and instead relied solely on artisanal fisheries. (23.12%) of the artisanal fishers were farmers, (9.91%) were seaweed farmers, and (5.41% were animal keepers. A small percentage of artisanal fishers (8.11%) engage in petty trade, tourism, and dagaa processing for sale. It is therefore recommended that the respective government, in collaboration with other fisheries stakeholders, establish the sustainability of alternative livelihood opportunities for artisanal fisher communities in order to improve their household livelihoods by diversifying their household survival and reducing the challenge of overexploitation of fishery resources.
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Senthamizh, R., L. Nirmala, M. Jegadeesan, R. Velusamy, K. Ramakrishnan, and K. Prabakaran. "Comprehensive Analysis of the Livelihood Index among Millet Farmers Associated with Farmers Producer Organizations (FPOs) in Madurai District of Tamil Nadu." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 41, no. 10 (2023): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i102157.
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This study conducted in 2022 across the Sedapatti, Thirumangalam, and Usilampatti Blocks of Madurai District in Tamil Nadu, aimed to explore the Livelihood Index among Millet Farmers associated with Farmers Producer Organizations (FPOs). Employing a sample size of 120 respondents through a proportionate random selection procedure, data collection was facilitated via structured personal interviews. The study unveiled that a majority of respondents (68.33%) exhibited a medium level of livelihood, characterized by access to all five capitals - Natural Capital, Physical Capital, Human Capital, Social Capital, and Financial Capital. Moreover, 19.16% reported a high level of livelihood, while 12.05% experienced a low level, This distribution underscores the varying degrees of resource accessibility among the surveyed individuals, shedding light on the diversity of livelihood conditions within the studied population. The study's findings emphasize that the elevated livelihoods of millet farmers and members of Farmers Producer Organizations (FPOs) are strongly linked to their access to natural capital resources. It becomes evident that there is a notable requirement for improvement, particularly concerning financial capital, followed by social capital and human capital. The enhancement of these aspects holds the potential to empower respondents to efficiently harness the available capitals, thus fostering sustainable livelihoods. This suggests that strategic efforts towards bolstering financial resources, social networks, and individual capabilities are key to optimizing livelihood outcomes in the context of millet farming and FPO engagement.
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Joshi, Murari, Lokendra Dhakal, Gopi Paudel, et al. "The Livelihood Improvement Process: An Inclusive and Pro-Poor Approach to Community Forestry – Experiences from Kabhrepalanchok and Sindhupalchok Districts of Nepal." Journal of Forest and Livelihood 5, no. 1 (2009): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfl.v5i1.1980.
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Reducing poverty through equitable and sustainable community-based natural resource management, particularly through programmes that accord attention to the issue of social inclusion, is the major objective of development projects related to natural resource management. At the local level, many innovations have been developed and are being put in place to enhance the pro-poor approaches, which specifically focus on the issues of livelihoods and inclusion. Livelihood Improvement Process (LIP) is one of the innovations arising to address this end. This paper presents the concept, process of implementation, and impacts of the LIP, as well as the opportunities and challenges it faces based on the experiences gained in Kabhrepalanchok and Sindhupalchok districts of Nepal. It concludes that the LIP can be an appropriate tool for reaching the poor, as it helps to sensitise and inform all actors about the need of pro-poor and inclusive development process. Key Words: community forestry, livelihood improvement process, social inclusion, governance doi: 10.3126/jfl.v5i1.1980 Journal of Forest and Livelihood 5(1) February, 2006 pp.46-52
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Zada, Muhammad, Syed Jamal Shah, Cao Yukun, Tariq Rauf, Naveed Khan, and Syed Asad Ali Shah. "Impact of Small-to-Medium Size Forest Enterprises on Rural Livelihood: Evidence from Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (2019): 2989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102989.
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Small-to-medium-sized forest enterprises (SMFEs) offer numerous benefits to rural communities and society as a whole. Less attention has been paid to the sustainability of SMFEs in terms of improving the livelihood of rural communities. This study aims to assess the impact of SMFEs in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan, and evaluate their potential role in reducing poverty and promoting rural livelihoods. Primary data were collected from 350 household heads and analyzed using econometric methodologies: The ordinary least squares (OLS) and ordered logit model. Household income, a wealth index, and five capitals of sustainable livelihood have been considered to gauge the impact of SMFEs. The results of the study reveal that there is a strong positive association between SMFEs and improvement in a rural community’s livelihood. The results further showed that households engaged in SMFE-related activities earn 3% more income and possess about 24% more assets. These findings are robust for various dimensions of sustainable livelihood and show positive effects of SMFEs on livelihood assets. This study continues the discussion on several practical implications along with recommendations for future research.
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Wei, Hejie, Jiaxin Zheng, Dong Xue, Xiaobin Dong, Mengxue Liu, and Yali Zhang. "Identifying the Relationship between Livelihoods and Land Ecosystem Services Using a Coupled Model: A Case Study in the “One River and Two Tributaries” Region of Tibet." Land 11, no. 9 (2022): 1377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11091377.
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In fragile and impoverished areas, identifying the interrelationship between livelihoods and ecosystem services can help protect the ecological environment and improve human well-being. This study selected the “One River and Two Tributaries” region (ORTTR) in Tibet with a fragile, sensitive ecological environment as the study area. With the years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020 as the research time points, a coupled evaluation model of residents’ livelihood and land ecosystem services was constructed to study the relationship between the two. Results showed that from 2000 to 2020, the coupling degree and coupling coordination degree between the two continued to increase because of the improvement in residents’ livelihood and ecosystem services. The level of coupling coordination gradually changed from a reluctant coordination stage to a moderate coordination stage. The coupling coordination degree showed more revealing results than the coupling degree in time scale. The relative development type between the two was mainly of the type lagging residents’ livelihood. By considering the physical geography and socio-economic characteristics and the relative development types, the counties and districts in the ORTTR are divided into ecological conservation areas, ecological restoration areas, and ecological reconstruction areas. The coupled model can evaluate the relationship between livelihoods and ecosystem services from a systematic integration perspective and provide scientific support for the improvement of regional human well-being.
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Rauf, Khan, Shah, et al. "Poverty and Prosperity: Impact on Livelihood Assets of Billion Trees Afforestation Program in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan." Forests 10, no. 10 (2019): 916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10100916.
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In this study, we assessed the impact of the Billion Trees Afforestation Program (BTAP) on the livelihood of local household in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province (KPK). BTAP is the largest ban-logging afforestation program in Pakistan, which aims to conserve natural forests, promoting rural livelihoods and reducing poverty. Primary data from 360 local inhabitants were collected and analyzed using descriptive and econometric methodologies that include ordered logit model and ordinary least squares (OLS) respectively. In specific, a wealth index, household income, and five assets of sustainable livelihood have been considered to measure the impact of BTAP. We found that there is a strong and positive contribution of BTAP to the improvement of a rural community’s livelihood. Results showed that BTAP based households earn 4% more income and possess around 35% more assets. These findings suggest that BTAP has considerable effect on increase in livelihood assets. This study continues the discussion with several practical implications of this along with recommendations for future research.
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Tesfaye, Henok. "Influence of Livelihood Assets’ on Farmers Control Practice for Enset Xanthomonas Wilt in Southern Ethiopia." Journal of Agricultural Extension 26, no. 3 (2022): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i3.4.
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This study examined how the livelihood assets influence enset farmers’ decisions to control the disease Xanthomonas Wilt. For examining how household adopt their farming practices to control the disease and preserve their livelihoods, useful theoretical architecture represented by Sustainable Rural Livelihood (SRL) framework were used. Empirically, double-hurdle model was applied. The results indicated that the human, social, natural, physical capitals and vulnerability context are the driving factors for adopting the recommended EXW controlling strategies. Natural capital negatively associated with extent of adoption decision of the farmer whereas the social capital influences it positively. This finding promotes the importance of improvement of livelihood assets to enable significant support to the natural and social capitals of the farmer that provide important resources and information exchange for continuous adoption of EXW controlling strategies.
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Chang, Ming, Xiaotong Li, Fei Li, and Hesen Zhao. "Impact of Farmers’ Livelihoods on Agricultural Carbon Emission Efficiency Under the Background of Population Urbanization: Evidence from China." Agriculture 14, no. 12 (2024): 2343. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14122343.
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In the context of China’s population urbanization, the quality and pattern of farmers’ livelihoods are undergoing significant changes. Reducing emissions and sequestering carbon in agriculture is a crucial pathway for China to achieve its “dual carbon” goals. How to balance low-carbon agricultural development with the changing livelihood patterns of farmers has become an important issue in China’s agricultural and rural development. This study examines the impact of farmers’ livelihoods on agricultural carbon emission efficiency and explores regional disparities based on panel data from 31 provinces and municipalities in China from 2002 to 2020. The findings are as follows: (1) The quality of farmers’ livelihoods in China is conducive to an improvement in agricultural carbon emission efficiency (ACEE). (2) From a national perspective, the higher the livelihood of non-farm employment in the region, the higher the agricultural carbon emission efficiency. The livelihood of agricultural production has a significantly negative correlation with agricultural carbon emission efficiency. (3) Improvement in the quality of farmers’ livelihoods (QFL) in the eastern and western regions has a significant positive impact on the efficiency of agricultural carbon emissions, and the impact is larger in the western region, while there is no statistically significant relationship in the central region. The reason for this difference may be that the migration of agricultural labor from the western region to the eastern region and the local urban employment of eastern farmers have led to this, while the migration and local urban employment of agricultural labor in the central region is relatively limited. This paper provides policy insights into promoting both farmers’ income growth and low-carbon agricultural production in a coordinated manner.
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Lê, Vĩ Quốc, Huyen Thi Thu Dong, Hieu Thi Tran, Thao Thi Phuong Nguyen, Kien Trung Tran, and Thang Viet Nguyen. "THE Application of sustainable livelihood framework for the assessment of living for rural people in Tan Phuoc District, Tien Giang Province." Science & Technology Development Journal - Science of The Earth & Environment 4, no. 2 (2020): First. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjsee.v4i2.528.
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In this study, the approach of a sustainable livelihood framework following the guidance of the Department for International Development (DFID) is used to assess the livelihoods of people in rural areas of Tan Phuoc district, Tien Giang province. This is one of the acid sulphate soil areas of the Mekong Delta. Sustainable livelihood framework according to Department for International Development in the study will consider the assets of Tan Phuoc district people to ensure livelihoods including human capital, physical capital, financial capital, natural capital, and social capital. The results show that most of the capital for developing livelihoods of people in this area is poor (natural capital, human capital, social capital, financial capital), only physical capital is considered to meet the current development needs. They are the basis for proposing development orientations for Tan Phuoc district in the future, including socio-economic development, labor quality improvement and the number of professionally trained people. Besides, there are specific s upport policies for people and there are many sources of capital to help people access policies easily. To solve this problem, first of all, it is necessary to develop development plans of regions according to natural conditions, continue to improve the skills of local communities and provide specific support policies for livelihood activities. Attract many different sources of investment capital for the locality so that people can easily access, improve the income of local people in the future, especially need a population development strategy corresponding to the development conditions of the district. The analysis is based on aggregate collected data on the different types of livelihoods in the province, so they are of great overall value. However, this is also the basis for conducting detailed studies and investigations for further studies with the aim of having accurate information and correct assessment of the current livelihood status of each district and livelihood group.
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Mutiarra Ridyo, Arum, Utami Arini Wahyu, and Irham Irham. "The Importance of Livelihood Diversification on Agroforestry Farmers in The Landslide Prone Area: A Case Study in Menoreh Hills Kulon Progo, Indonesia." BIO Web of Conferences 80 (2023): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20238002008.
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Menoreh Hill in Kulon Progo is one of the most prone and vulnerable areas to natural disasters due to its location in an old volcanic complex, which can severely affect the livelihoods of agroforestry farmers. Diversification has become a livelihood improvement strategy in the landslide-prone area. This study specifically examines how and to what extent farmers diversify their livelihoods by comparing agroforestry farmers in high-risk areas (Samigaluh) and low-risk areas (Kalibawang). Primary data were collected from 54 farm households in Samigaluh and 51 farm households in Kalibawang districts using the census technique. The livelihood diversification index was calculated using the Simpson Diversification Index (SDI) and used an independent sample t-test to test whether groups of farmers would differ regarding livelihood diversification. The results showed that farmers in Samigaluh have a relatively higher diversification index (0.3994) than farmers in Kalibawang (0.3864). The results also show that diversification doesn’t always bring higher income to farming households, but it is essential to survive in the landslide-prone area.
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Qimuge, Gerile, Wulan Tuya, Si Qinchaoketu, and Bu He. "Construction and Practice of Livelihood Efficiency Index System for Herders in Typical Steppe Area of Inner Mongolia Based on Super-Efficiency Slacks-Based Measure Model." Sustainability 15, no. 18 (2023): 14005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151814005.
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Inner Mongolia is one of the main animal husbandry production bases in China, with herders being the main animal husbandry producers. A systematic analysis of the efficiency of herding households’ livelihoods and the influencing factors is of great importance to formulate effective policies to support herding households’ livelihoods, enhance their social adaptability, and alleviate the vulnerability of poor people in herding areas. This study used a typical steppe of Inner Mongolia as the research area. It used the interview data of herding households from 2021, constructed the evaluation index system of herding households’ livelihood efficiency, analyzed the redundancy of the inputs and outputs of herding households’ livelihoods, and examined the key factors affecting herding households’ livelihood efficiency. The results indicate that (1) the pure technical effectiveness of the livelihood efficiency of typical grassland herding households in Inner Mongolia is the highest; the comprehensive technical efficiency and scale efficiency are low. The scale return of most herders’ livelihoods shows a decreasing state. (2) According to the results of the model, under the premise of the output not being reduced, reducing the amount of social capital input can effectively save resources. Without increasing the input, the room for improvement in the living level is the most obvious. (3) The pasture area, the communication network, and the access to information have significant negative effects on the efficiency of herders’ livelihoods; infrastructure and water supply have significant positive impacts. In summary, we built a model for evaluating the livelihood efficiency of herders in typical grassland areas of Inner Mongolia, which can provide a reference for the revitalization work of pastoral areas and related research in the future.
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Nassiuma, Bernard Kibeti, Pamela Chebii, Jamin Masinde, and David Sergon. "Livelihood Improvement through Entrepreneur Characteristics and Innovative Strategies: An Empirical Study of Entrepreneurs in Western Kenya." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no. 10 (2021): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.810.10826.
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Purpose This study aimed at improving an understanding of the mediating role of innovation in the relationship between entrepreneur characteristics and livelihood improvement. The study was empirical, based on primary data from the micro and small enterprises in the western region of Kenya.
 Design/methodology study adopted a quantitative approach, self-administered questionnaires were used to gather data from 382 Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) owners in Western Kenya, comprising Uasin Gishu and Bungoma Counties. The study examined the direct and indirect effects on livelihood improvement. A simple random sampling technique was used to select respondents for data collection. For statistical analysis, bivariate regression and multiple regression techniques were utilized with SPSS version 26 being the tool. The sopel test assisted in analyzing the effect of innovation as a mediator between entrepreneur characteristics and livelihood improvement.
 FindingsThe results reveal a statistically significant relationship between the entrepreneur characteristics and livelihood improvement under the mediating role of innovation.
 Practical implications these findings provide useful insights for MSEs, seeking to be competitive and responsive to the changing entrepreneurial landscape by successfully introducing innovations. The study encourages an innovative culture among the MSEs owners which is likely to facilitate the introduction, adoption, and diffusion of innovations that can in turn, result in the achievement of livelihood improvement.
 Originality/valueThe study contributes to the existing literature by enhancing an understanding of the mediating role of innovation in the relationship between entrepreneur characteristics and livelihood improvement in the MSEs sector of a developing context.
 Keywords: MSEs, innovation, mediation, entrepreneur characteristics, improved livelihood, western Kenya.
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Ojelel, Benjamin Etubi, Francis Okello-Okello, and Alex Barakagira. "Implementing Payments for Ecosystem Services and its Impact on Community Livelihoods: A Case of Nyamwamba Sub-Catchment, Kasese District, Uganda." Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International 25, no. 5 (2024): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jaeri/2024/v25i5626.
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Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) is an innovative, incentive-based approach to natural resource management, where users of ecosystem services compensate landowners who protect, enhance, or restore these services through their land management decisions. The study on PES and livelihood improvement was guided by three objectives. That is, to: assess the implementation mechanisms for PES; determine the effect of PES on livelihood improvement; and explore the relationship between PES implementation and ecosystem improvement. A cross-sectional research design incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methods was used for the study. A total of 207 respondents participated in the research project. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and interview guides. The information collected were analyzed using a statistical package for social sciences, version 22. The study found that PES implementation mechanisms included reforestation, biodiversity conservation, soil and water conservation measures, agroforestry, and forest landscape restoration. PES improved livelihoods, enabling households to pay school fees for their children, establish better housing facilities, managed food crises, accumulated savings, and covered medical expenses for the household members. A significant relationship was found between PES implementation and ecosystem improvement, with enhancements in community livelihoods at P<0.001, flood control and disaster risk reduction at P=0.001, soil loss and erosion reduction at P=0.003, water resources management at P=0.003 and conserved biodiversity at P=0.005. The study recommends implementing robust monitoring and evaluation systems to track PES program impacts on livelihoods in the Rwenzori region. It also highlights the need for fostering partnerships between government agencies, NGOs, local communities, and other stakeholders involved in PES initiatives. Training and capacity-building programs should be provided to equip local communities with the skills and knowledge needed to effectively participate in PES schemes. Active involvement of local communities in the design, implementation, and monitoring of PES programs is crucial for the promotion of livelihoods.
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Epanda, Manfred Aimé, Romaric Tsafack Donkeng, Fidoline Ngo Nonga, et al. "Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Product Valorisation to the Livelihood Assets of Local People in the Northern Periphery of the Dja Faunal Reserve, East Cameroon." Forests 11, no. 9 (2020): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11091019.
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A large community of scientists has demonstrated that millions of people located in tropical zones derive a significant proportion of their livelihoods from the extraction of non-timber forest products (NTFPs). Despite these results, questions remain as to whether the valorisation of NTFPs can sustainably contribute to the improvement of the livelihood assets of the extractors. This study therefore evaluated the contribution of NTFP valorisation to the livelihood assets of local people around the northern periphery of the Dja Faunal Reserve (DFR), East Cameroon. To achieve this objective, data collected from 215 households in 32 villages were analyzed using factor analysis, Mann–Whitney U tests, and structural equation modelling. The results suggest that NTFP valorisation significantly contributes to the livelihood assets of local people at the periphery of the DFR. However, NTFP revenue was not significant in predicting their livelihood assets. Moreover, the local conservation management practices were not significant in predicting the livelihood assets in the long run. The results also revealed that individuals who received training and capacity building on good practices such as efficient collection techniques, effective drying techniques, and good conservation techniques earned better revenues and the impact on their livelihood was more significant than for those who did not. These results therefore recommend that the way forward for NTFP valorisation lies at the level of improving its quality and the market.
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Ma, Hongzhi, Yexi Zhong, Minghui Ou, Wenhui Wang, and Xinghua Feng. "The Transformation of Fishermen’s Livelihoods in the Context of a Comprehensive Fishing Ban: A Case Study of Datang Village at the Poyang Lake Region, China." Land 11, no. 12 (2022): 2262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11122262.
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How fishermen produce and live has been a hot topic of academic concern in recent years. However, existing research has focused excessively on marine fishermen. Inland fisheries make a significant but often overlooked contribution to rural livelihoods in developing countries. In this paper, we constructed a framework for fishermen’s livelihood strategies and used questionnaires and in-depth interviews to study 275 households of inland fishermen in a professional fishing village at Poyang Lake. The results show that (1) the impact of the comprehensive fishing ban has led to significant changes in the livelihood capital of inland fishermen, leading to fishermen being forced to change their livelihood strategies. (2) The current livelihood strategies can be divided into four categories, which are non-fishing employment, self-employment, public welfare positions and retirement respectively. (3) Livelihood capital such as age, education, social interaction and fishing rights influence their choice of livelihood strategies. (4) The fishing ban proposal generally meets the interests of fishermen, but there is some capacity for improvement in terms of implementation details and policy flexibility. Based on these findings, we recommend that the government conducts further in-depth research and adjusts and improves its policy options in good time. To the satisfaction of all parties, the current policy protects the environment and achieves sustainable human development, making Chinese contributions and proposing Chinese plans to address global environmental change.
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Alam, M. M., L. R. Mallik, A. B. M. Nurul Anwar, and C. K. Saha. "Impact of Modern Agricultural Technology on the Livelihoods of Rural Women." Journal of Agricultural Machinery and Bioresources Engineering 5, no. 1&2 (2009): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.61361/jambe.v5i12.92.
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The main purpose of the study was to determine the impact of selected modern agricultural technologies on the livelihoods of rural women of Garadia village under Phulpur upazila of Mymensingh district. The selected agricultural technologies are Llivestock and Poultry Production Technology (LPPT), Home based Vegetable Production Technology (HVPT) and Crop Production Technology (CPT). Women are classified into three categories namely never poor, occasionally poor and usually poor on the basis of their family land holding, income, food security, employment, education, and social networks. The impact of modern agricultural technologies on the livelihoods of rural women are studied based on six livelihood outcome indicators namely, income, food security, well-being, empowerment, vulnerability and access to institutions. The rural women are found mostly involved in crop production technology, homestead vegetable production technology and livestock and poultry production technology for supplementary income of the households. The adoption of modern agricultural technologies have 'moderate' to 'good' impact on the livelihoods of about 86 percent of the rural women of the study area. Among the three selected modern agricultural LPPT recorded the highest livelihood index of 1384 followed by HVPT and CPT with livelihood indices of 1092 and 403, respectively. The study indicates that among the agricultural technologies, LPPT has the most significant influence on the present improvement of the livelihoods of rural women. The women are also very keen to involve in HVPT. Alongside of LPPT and HVPT home based post-harvest processing of crops such as threshing, winnowing, drying, parboiling and storage of crops are the important activities, where women are actively involved. The study also reveals that most of the benefits go in favour of the 'never poor' category of rural women (total livelihood index 1423) followed by 'occasionally poor' (TLI=793) and a limited impact to 'usually poor' category (TLI-503). In any future livelihood strategy formulation for the rural women the involvement of 'usually poor' women need to be ensured, so that they can not be left out of the main stream development.
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Thapa, Alisara, Binayak Prasad Rajbhandari, and Nicol Gurung. "LIVELIHOOD IMPROVEMENT AND INCOME GENERATION OF RURAL FARMERS THROUGH ORANGE PRODUCTION IN BAGCHAUR MUNICIPALITY, SALYAN DISTRICT OF NEPAL." Social Values and Society 6, no. 2 (2024): 34–38. https://doi.org/10.26480/svs.02.2024.34.38.
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The study titled *”Livelihood Improvement and Income Generation of Rural Farmers through Orange Production in Bagchaur Municipality, Salyan District of Nepal”* was conducted from June to August 2023 in two wards of Bagchaur Municipality, Salyan. This research aimed to assess the impact of orange farming on the livelihoods and income of local growers. It involved 50 households, with 20 respondents from Ward 8 and 30 from Ward 9.In the study area, the majority of respondents (90%) depended heavily on agriculture for their income and livelihood, while the remaining 10% engaged in other occupations. Notably, 54% of the farmers used their own orange seeds for cultivation, with all family members actively participating in various stages of farming, showcasing a collective effort to improve their livelihoods. The farmers primarily cultivated local varieties under rain-fed conditions, and the average annual income per family from these local orange varieties was NRs. 31,200. Additionally, 25% of the income from orange farming was saved in micro-finance through group savings.Despite these contributions, the study identified several challenges faced by orange farmers, including a lack of irrigation facilities, pest and disease problems, high input costs, inadequate training opportunities, and uncertainties regarding market prices and marketing strategies.
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Tecklie, Assefa, and Binyam Yosef. "Assessment of Major Wetlands’ Current Situation and Their Contribution To Livelihood Improvement, South Wollo, Ethiopia." International Journal of Ecology 2022 (November 9, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9697899.
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The wetland ecosystem is among the most important ecosystems globally. It is a source of ecosystem services that can contribute to the income and means of livelihood for communities living near the vicinity of wetlands especially in developing countries. Ethiopia is among the least developing countries in Africa where many communities around the wetlands depend on ecosystem services for their livelihoods. However, these wetlands are being degraded both by anthropogenic and natural factors. The objectives of the study were to assess the status of the major wetlands and their contribution to the livelihoods of communities in South Wollo Zone of Amhara Regional State located in North-Eastern Ethiopia. Districts in South Wollo with wetland potential were selected purposely in collaboration with Zonal Agricultural Office experts. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 114 respondents living around the wetlands for the interview. In addition to this, three focus group discussions and key informant interviews were conducted to gather data focused on types of wetlands, major provisioning ecosystem services, and major threats to wetlands. In the study area, 9 natural and 3 manmade major wetlands were identified. These wetlands have provisioning ecosystem services such as food production; source of grasses for animal feed; ceremonial activities; roof making and handicrafts; and water for drinking, livestock watering, and irrigation which are the major sources of livelihoods. Though these wetlands have important roles in livelihood, they are highly affected by settlement, conversion for agriculture, overgrazing, excessive water abstraction, deforestation, sand mining, pollution, invasive species, and climate change. Therefore, wetland management intervention plan should be prepared and implemented through a community-based restoration approach.
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M, Haque, Islam MA, Bhuiyan AKFH, Akter A, and Hossain MM. "Livelihood Improvement of Poor Farmers through Goat Rearing." Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment 04, no. 01 (2023): 05–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2023.4102.
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The present research was carried out to investigate the feeding and management practices of goat as well as income and livelihood improvement of farmers through goat rearing. For this experiment, a total of 45 respondents were randomly selected from three unions (Gazir Bhita, Kaichapur and Narail) of Haluaghat Upazila in Mymensingh district where 15 respondents from each unionwere randomly chosen. The data were collected through personal interviewing with pre-tested questionnaires. The study revealed that of the farmers were found either primary (46.7%) or below SSC (35.6%) levelof education.Majority of them were engaged in agricultural operation (57.8%) and others wereinvolved in service andbusiness. The farmers mainly depend on green grasses (33.3%) and tree leaves (31.1%) to feed their goats. Wheat bran was also given by 35.6% farmers for economic rearing of goats in the experimentalareas. The majordiseases of goatsin the studied areas were found skin disease(73.3%) and PPR (26.7%), respectively.The annual total cost of production pergoat was2154.00BDT, while gross return and net return from goatrearing per household were 4296.00BDT and 2142.00BDT, respectively. Annual food purchasing capacity changes from 50 to 55 percent. The social statusof the farmer’s family increases where educational status, employment for men, employment for women, social dignity andsocial acceptance were increased by35, 24, 58, 26 and 23% after 12 months through goat rearing in the selectedareas. The results clearly indicatethat goat rearing in Haluaghat upazila was very much profitable. Considering all these parameters, it is clearly found that the families which reared goat have the most rapid changes in terms of livelihood improvement.
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Pooja, Gottimukkula Sree. "Livelihood Security and its Determinants Among Farmers During COVID-19 Pandemic in Telangana, India." Indian Research Journal of Extension Education 23, no. 2 (2023): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54986/irjee/2023/apr_jun/16-23.
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With COVID-19 outbreak globally several studies on livelihoods and food systems are conducted in consistent manner. India being an agrarian economy, the impact of pandemic on agricultural sector and farmers needs a great focus. The present exploratory study on Livelihood Security (LS) was carried out in Telangana, India among Suryapet and Rangareddy districts purposively with 160 respondents selected through multistage random sampling during 2021. Livelihood Security Index was used with 7 sub-indicators and it depicted that only one sub-indicator i.e., economic security contributing less than 50% to LS and majority of the respondents have moderate level of livelihood security (42.5%) with overall mean value of 0.628. The determinants of LS were identifi ed through Multivariate regression analysis model and found 14 predictors were fi tted in model responsible for 62.8% variance in the dependent variable (LS). The regression model revealed that Family size, educational years, Livestock holding, Social Participation, annual family income, mass media exposure, and Risk orientation were most aided predictor variables in the improvement of livelihood security during COVID-19 with educational years having greater β-value. R2 standardized linear graph was plotted against the LS and the signifi cant predictor value demonstrating the distribution of respondents over graph according to their livelihood security with R2 linear value 0.606. Thus, during COVID-19 more livelihood options for diversifi cation of income can aid in increase of LS. The present study concluded by suggesting policy implications to ensure livelihood security among farming communities during pandemic.
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Iketut Budastra, Iketut Budastra, Taslim Syah, IGL Partatanaya, Suparmin Suparmin, and Halil Halil. "The Livelihood Strategies of Dry Land Farmers in Karang Bayan Village, Indonesia." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, no. VII (2024): 688–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.807057.
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Provision of prosperous livelihood opportunities and effective supports for capacity building are necessary and strategic for effective poverty alleviation and equitable development in every country, including Indonesia. However, a mismatch between intervention and need of the target beneficiaries is widely reported in the literature. This problem is potentially reduced by better understanding the livelihood context of the target beneficiaries. This paper analyzed the livelihood assets and strategies of dry land farmers in relation to the opportunities available. The analyses were descriptive in nature and mainly based on primary data collected through in-depth interviews of 30 randomly selected households during November to December 2023. The analyses found that farmers attempted to sustainably improve their livelihoods by strategically utilize livelihood assets to realize the opportunities available for increasing income and reducing expenditure and vulnerability. The farmers’ principal strategies were increasing income by additional income sources, reducing expenditure by thrifty spending and increasing income, and reducing vulnerability by balancing expenditure with incomes, farm diversification, credit access, savings, and group participation. Identified policy implications were appropriate intervention programs for developing the livelihood opportunities and building livelihood asset capacities. The programs should include trainings on sustainable farming practice, animal husbandry, agroindustry, wood-base handcrafts, and financial and digital literacy; and facilitation for access to: formal financial services, the government credit and insurance schemes, the agroforestry scheme, piped drinking water and electricity services, and housing and residential improvement schemes.
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Wang, Yan, Chen Wang, Ruilian Zhang, and Junzhuo Xu. "Trade-Off Between Aquaculture Closures and Fishermen Livelihoods." SAGE Open 11, no. 2 (2021): 215824402110081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211008154.
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The prohibition of aquaculture is an important policy instrument for water quality protection. However, there are lack of observations on the complex interactions between stakeholders in the limiting or closing of fisheries and the internal cooperative mechanism that balances the restoration of water bodies and the livelihoods of fishermen. Using evolutionary game theory and modeling, this article analyzes the complex mutual feedback strategy between local government and the affected fishermen in regard to water body restoration and livelihood security under fishing prohibition. The results show that (a) the performance evaluation mechanism of environmental protection, including rewards and punishments, can provide direct political traction and indirect material guarantees for local governments to perform their duties and allow water body restoration and the transition of fishermen to alternative livelihoods. (b) Whether the local government actively promotes aquaculture closures is restricted by the improvement in the aquatic environment, the aquaculture development under the existing livelihood, and the industrial economic benefits of the new livelihood. And the capacity of them contribute to the overall development of the local government. The development of the net income of both parties in the negotiation will shape the direction of a series of public policies that focus on aquaculture closures.
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Mashenene, Robert, Petro Maziku, and Lilian Otieno. "The contribution of cassava production and marketing on smallholder farmers’ livelihood in Dodoma Region, Tanzania." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 12, no. 5 (2023): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v12i5.2696.
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Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has remained a major source of food security and income generation for most developing countries including Tanzania due to its ability to drought and disease resistance. At present, its production in Tanzania stands at 630,000 tons while the country's market demand is expected to grow at 7% by 2026. Therefore, this study assessed the contribution of cassava production and marketing on the livelihood of smallholder farmers in Tanzania particularly in the Dodoma region, so as to explore its potential contributions to the society welfare. A cross-sectional research design was employed whereby a multi-stage sampling procedure was used in selecting a sample of 240 cassava smallholder farmers from four districts in the Dodoma region namely Kondoa, Chemba, Kongwa, and Mpwapwa. Quantitative data were collected through self-administered structured questionnaires and focus group discussion, interview and observation methods also were used in collecting qualitative data from the study area. Content analysis was used in analyzing qualitative data. A binary logistic regression model was employed to estimate the contribution of cassava production and marketing on smallholder farmers’ livelihoods in the region. The findings from the study indicated that family size, farmers’ experience, land size, education, number of visits by extension, and market access statistically were significant with showed a positive relationship with the improvement in the livelihood of farmers in the selected districts. On the other hand, transportation costs showed a negative relation with the improvement of farmers’ livelihood. Generally, it can be concluded that an increase in production and improvement in marketing variables could contribute much to the improvement of smallholder farmers’ livelihood. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Ministries responsible for cassava production and marketing which included the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Industry and Trade focus more on the design, promotion, and implementation of policies and programs that are intended to enhance cassava production in rural areas and increase the provision of best farming practices through employing more extension officers.
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Quagraine, V. K., R. A. Oppong, and K. Twumasi-Ampofo. "Assessment of the resettlement compensation satisfaction of wood workers at Sokoban, Kumasi." Journal of Science and Technology (Ghana) 36, no. 3 (2017): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/just.v36i3.10.
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Resettlement has been one of the strategies used to pave way for development and redevelopment of infrastructure in major cities of Ghana in the past few decades. Resettlement is usually characterized by displacement of people and their livelihoods. In Kumasi, resettlement has physicallydisplaced over 10,000 people mostly traders, in and around the Central Business District. Kumasi has undergone significant development in the past two decades in the areas of road and housing construction, resulting in the resettlement of some commercial neighborhoods including the wood merchants from Anloga to allow for the construction of the south-eastern section of the ring road from Oforikrom (Anloga) to Nhyiaeso. This study assessed the outcome of involuntary resettlement of wood merchants from Anloga to Sokoban Wood Village in terms of compensation, improvement in working space and the impact on the timber trade. The study used mixedmethods: it relied on the administration of questionnaires and interviews to gather data from respondents for analysis as well as the use of dependent sample T-test for hypothesis testing to evaluate the change in livelihood that resulted from the resettlement programme. The study revealeda significant improvement in the livelihood of the displaced workers after the resettlement.Keywords: Resettlement, Infrastructure, Compensation, Satisfaction, Livelihoods
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Ali Hamad, Waziri, and Gazi Md Nurul Islam. "The Role of Livelihood Assets on the Improvement of the Livelihoods of Fisher Households in Zanzibar." American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics 7, no. 1 (2022): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20220701.14.
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Rachna, Rashmi Chaudhary Vaishali Thakur Priyanka Sharma Rebecca Nelson. "Empowering Rural Livelihoods: A Comparative Analysis of Smallholder Farmers in Himachal Pradesh Before and After Cooperative Membership." International Journal of Scientific Research and Technology 1, no. 2 (2024): 186–91. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14463181.
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Small farmers are known for their dispersed small land holdings, low capital and asset counts, low livestock numbers, propensity for mobility, and susceptibility to natural disasters. This study investigated the livelihood status of smallholder farmers in Kangra, Mandi, and Shimla districts of Himachal Pradesh. This paper explores the impact of agricultural cooperatives on the livelihoods of 309 smallholder farmers in Kangra, Mandi, and Shimla districts. Personal interviews and group discussions were applied for data collection. To measure the livelihood security of the farmers, an index was proposed by Guilford (1954) used with modifications. The index was based on 5 sub-indicators of Livelihood Security i.e., human capital, natural capital, social capital, physical capital, and financial capital. In all five dimensions, it was observed that most of the farmers had low-security levels before their membership in the cooperative. In contrast, an improvement of a significant amount was observed post-membership, especially in terms of social, financial, and physical capital. Overall, the study marks the potential power of agricultural cooperatives in empowering smallholder farmers as well as contributing to rural development in Himachal Pradesh.
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Luyen, Nguyen Thi, and Ngo Thanh Son. "The Importance of Socio-economic Development to Sustainable Natural Resources Management in Rural Areas: A Case Study of Sustainable Livelihoods and Forest Management in Xuan Nha Nature Reserve in Northwestern Vietnam." Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5, no. 1 (2022): 1345–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31817/vjas.2022.5.1.04.
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Sustainable forest management is facing threats such as deforestation, forest degradation, and biodiversity loss due to socio-economic conditions, a weak governance capacity, and lack of public participation. In Xuan Nha Nature Reserve, about 50% of the total population are living below the poverty level and their livelihoods are depending on forest. The community’s activities have been creating pressures on the forest by reducing the forest area, increasing forest land degradation, and through illegal logging. The objectives of the study were to (i) identify sustainable livelihood options; (ii) the most suitable livelihood practices with the purpose of reducing poverty for local communities and their dependency on forest resources; and (iii) recommend suitable policies to reduce the conflict between socio-economic development and forest management. In order to achieve these objectives, we used the LIFE (livelihood, income, forest condition, and equity); the Sustainable Livelihood Framework; and the Advocacy Coalition Framework. The results showed that fruit orchards and beekeeping were two suitable livelihood options for the buffer areas since there were more convenient assets such as roads, markets, and human knowledge, while fruit orchards and local pig farming were suggested for the ERA (ecological restoration area) and SPA (strictly protected area) to solve the problem of land degradation and maintain the traditional habits of the local community. Regarding policy changes, support for livelihood practices and improvement of the community’s and authorities’ awareness on forest protection was necessary for all the sub-areas for reducing poverty and the pressures on forest resources of the community.
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Sun, Yong, Hongyan Du, Baoyin Liu, Yingluck Kanchanaroek, Junfeng Zhang, and Pei Zhang. "Evolutionary Game Analysis for Grassland Degradation Management, Considering the Livelihood Differentiation of Herders." Land 11, no. 10 (2022): 1776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101776.
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Grassland degradation has become one of the most important ecological and environmental problems in the world, affecting the ecological balance of grassland and the welfare of residents. To reveal the impact mechanism of herders’ livelihood constraints on grassland degradation, and to explore the comprehensive management methods to ensure herders’ livelihoods and grassland ecological restoration, this paper constructed an evolutionary game model considering local governments and herders. It is found that the ideal stable equilibrium game can be achieved when certain conditions are met, that is, when the local governments actively regulate and herders moderate grazing, the grassland degradation caused by overgrazing can be reduced. The livelihood differentiation of herders significantly affects the stable equilibrium state of the evolutionary game. The local government’s regulation is the key to promoting moderate grazing of herders. The effect of incentive measures on the moderate grazing of herders is limited, while punishment measures can significantly restrict the excessive grazing behavior of herders. Policy support for household livelihood differentiation can effectively motivate herders to moderate grazing and achieve their survival and development needs to a greater extent through a non-grazing livelihood. The research results help decision-makers to formulate policies to combat grassland degradation, and promote the improvement of herders’ lives.
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Ahmad, Shahzad, Zhang Caihong, and E. M. B. P. Ekanayake. "Livelihood Improvement through Agroforestry Compared to Conventional Farming System: Evidence from Northern Irrigated Plain, Pakistan." Land 10, no. 6 (2021): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10060645.
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The concept of sustainable livelihood garnered a prominent status in humanitarian and international development organizations that aim to calculate and build a livelihood for agroforestry farmers. However, it is difficult to measure and analyze as well as visualize the data of livelihood improvement from agroforestry (AF). This paper comparatively assessed 400 smallholder farmers’ livelihood through AF and conventional farming (CF) systems in the Northern Irrigated Plain of Pakistan. The findings showed that AF has a mixed impact on farmers’ livelihood capital, including human, physical, natural, financial and social capital. Specifically, AF significantly improved financial capital in terms of timber, non-timber and fuel wood income. Furthermore, the physical capital (buffalo plough, generators and sprinklers), natural capital (the extent of cultivated land and land ownership; the number of households (HHs) growing vegetables, fruit crops and medicinal crops) and social capital (the number of social groups that HHs involved and number of HHs sharing crop seeds) of AF farmer HHs were significantly improved compared to those of CF farmers. However, the results show that financial capital gain through crop income, HHs owning high-value vehicles (tractors) and farmers trust and collective activities were significantly higher in CF farmers than AF ones. Therefore, to enhance the contribution of AF to rural livelihood, advanced extension services and government involvement on research planning and implementing are needed.
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Ewnetu, Abeje. "The Effect of Rural Road Access on Rural Households Livelihood Improvement: Evidence from Selected Weredas in Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia." Journal of African Development Studies 10, no. 1 (2023): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.56302/jads.v10i1.8780.
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The development of appropriate road infrastructure is fundamental to economic growth and poverty reduction. Rural roads, especially, are especially important for economic development in rural areas. Against this background, this study aims at investigating the effect of rural road access on rural households’ livelihood improvement. Concerning the methodology, mixed research approach involving descriptive and explanatory designs was used. This study compares (using propensity score matching techniques) households located in Keble’s with road access to suitable controls. The descriptive analysis reveals that rural roads provide enhanced access to markets for inputs such as fertilizers and improved seeds, enable households to sell their produce to nearby markets, and allow to achieve additional non-farm employment opportunities, leading to a rise in income and reduce poverty. The results from econometrics analysis shows that road access positively and significantly improved the livelihood of households as measured by the livelihoods asset capital index. On the basis of their propensity score, the mean difference in the livelihood assets index between households located in Keble’s with road access and non-accessible household’s ranges up to 6% after matching. The results also indicated that women who are employed during road construction, on average, have 25% to 37% higher empowerment level than those who are not employed. This strengthens the argument for making efforts towards gender mainstreaming during rural road construction and greater engagement of women in road planning and implementation.
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Brigita, Stevani, and Martua Sihaloho. "Livelihood Strategy, Vulnerability, and Resilience of Farmer Household in Flooded Area." Jurnal Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [JSKPM] 2, no. 2 (2018): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jskpm.2.2.239-254.
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Flooding is a natural disaster that provides various impacts on life, especially for the survival of farm households. Farmers in doing the farming certainly depends on the nature and weather. Floods certainly have an impact because it can make the crops decline even to the occurrence of crop failure. Facing such circumstances requires farmers' households to determine the livelihood structures undertaken and demand that farm households determine how to conduct livelihood strategies in order to maintain and improve existing livelihoods. A livelihood strategy is a person's or a group's way of meeting their needs or achieving an improvement in life. The livelihood strategies undertaken will affect the vulnerability of a household and have a relationship with the resilience of the farm household in the event of a flood disaster. Livelihood structures and livelihood strategies of farm households living in flooded areas may be different from those in other areas not experiencing crisis or flood disaster. The purpose of this research is to analyze the strategy, vulnerability and resilience of household livelihoods of farmers in flood-prone areas.Keywords : farm household, livelihood strategy, resilience, vulnerability---------------------- ABSTRAK Banjir merupakan suatu bencana alam yang memberikan berbagai dampak terhadap kehidupan, khususnya bagi keberlangsungan hidup rumahtangga petani. Petani dalam melakukan usahataninya tentunya sangat bergantung dengan keadaan alam dan cuaca sekitar. Bencana banjir tentunya memberi dampak karena dapat membuat hasil panen menurun bahkan sampai terjadinya gagal panen. Menghadapi keadaan tersebut menuntut rumahtangga petani untuk menentukan struktur nafkah yang dilakukan dan menuntut rumahtangga petani menentukan bagaimana melakukan strategi nafkah dalam upaya mempertahankan dan meningkatkan sumber nafkah yang ada. Strategi nafkah adalah cara seseorang atau kelompok untuk memenuhi kebutuhan mereka atau mencapai peningkatan hidup. Strategi nafkah yang dilakukan akan berpengaruh terhadap kerentanan suatu rumahtangga dan memiliki hubungan dengan ketahanan (resiliensi) rumahtangga petani dalam menghadapi situasi bencana banjir. Struktur nafkah dan strategi nafkah rumahtangga petani yang tinggal di kawasan terpapar banjir dapat saja berbeda dengan wilayah lain yang tidak mengalami situasi krisis atau bencana banjir. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis strategi, kerentanan dan resiliensi nafkah rumahtangga petani di wilayah rawan bencana banjir.Kata Kunci : kerentanan, resiliensi, rumahtangga petani, strategi nafkah
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Kabir, MS, M. Asaduzzaman, and DS Dev. "Livelihood improvement through family poultry farming in Mymensingh district." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 13, no. 2 (2016): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v13i2.28786.
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The present study was done to examine the employment and income generation of small farmers through family poultry. The objectives of the study were to identify socio economic features of family poultry, to examine the impact of family poultry on household improvement, to determine cost, return and profitability of family poultry, to identify the problems faced by family poultry farmer and for its improvement. The data were collected from 90 family poultry farms from Sadarupazila and Trishalupazila of Mymensingh district through face to face interview. The result of the study shows that, the average gross return, gross cost and net return of family poultry farms were Tk. 7314.84, Tk. 3698.90 and Tk. 3615.94 respectively. The Benefit cost ratio was 1.98. Therefore, family poultry farm is highly profitable. The study also determined the impact of family poultry production on livelihood of poultry farmers. The income of 60% poultry farms has increased and for savings, it was 32%. The physical assets (agricultural tools and furniture and equipments) of poultry farms have improved by 57% and 27% respectively. Sanitation, drinking water facility and medicinal facility of poultry farmers were improved by 26%, 18% and 37% respectively. It is also found from the study that the livelihood of 38% poultry farmers was improved through family poultry production.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(2): 247-254, December 2015
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Lamo, Kunzang, FD Sheikh, Stanzin Dorjey, et al. "Evaluation of cherry tomato genotypes for tribal livelihood improvement." International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development 7, no. 12 (2024): 25–29. https://doi.org/10.33545/26180723.2024.v7.i12a.1375.
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