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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Liver; Toxicology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Hamilton, Geraldine Alexandra. "Characterisation and evaluation of liver spheroids as a model for long-term culture of hepatocytes." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245460.

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2

Badger, Andrew Ashley 1970. "Alterations in chemically-induced liver injury by immunomodulators." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282642.

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Studies presented in this dissertation determined biochemical mechanisms underlying the modulation of chemical-induced liver injury by retinol and GdC₃ The first objective was to determine the role of inflammatory cells in the retinol potentiation of CCl₄-induced liver injury. Plasma alanine aminotranferase activities and histological analysis of liver sections both illustrated significant potentiation of CCl₄ hepatotoxicity by a single dose of retinol. The mechanism for this potentiation involves priming of Kupffer cells (KC) (i.e. by enhancing their response to toxic stimuli) as established

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3

Terneus, Marcus V. "A mechanistic study of the protective effects of S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine against hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2006. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=698.

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4

Goetz, Amber Kristina. "Gene Expression Profiling in Testis and Liver of Mice to Identify Modes of Action of Conazole Toxicities." NCSU, 2003. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11142003-170100/.

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Conazoles are a class of azole fungicides used in both pharmaceutical and agricultural applications. This study focused on 4 conazoles that exhibit a range of carcinogenic and reproductive effects, in order to identify common and unique modes of action. Conazoles target cytochrome P450s (CYPs), and the inhibition and induction of various CYP activities may be part of the toxic modes of action in liver and testis. We used gene expression profiling to characterize a broader range of conazole effects and to identify additional modes of action. Adult male CD-1 mice were dosed daily by gavage for 1

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5

Salamat, Julia. "The Role of CYP2A5 in Cadmium-Induced Liver Injury." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3498.

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Cadmium is present in food and groundwater. Tobacco smoking and occupational exposure are also major sources for cadmium. Cadmium is primarily accumulated in liver, a major organ metabolizing exogenous chemicals. Chemical metabolism may cause detoxification, but it can also cause bio-activation resulting in liver damage. Cytochrome P450s (CYP) are major liver metabolism enzymes, and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) can induce CYP2A5 in mice. We examined the effect of CYP2A5 on CdCl2-induced liver injury using CYP2A5-knockout (cyp2a5-/-) mice. The cyp2a5-/- mice and their control WT mice were injected

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6

Sharpe, Amy-Joan Lorna 1965. "Substrate specificity of rat liver aldehyde dehydrogenase with chloroacetaldehydes." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277906.

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Chlorinated acetaldehydes have recently been the focus of research due to their role as reactive intermediates and their possible occurrence in chlorinated drinking water. The metabolism of these compounds, however, has not been extensively studied. In this study, the in vitro substrate specificity of cytosolic and mitochondrial rat liver aldehyde dehydrogenase toward these compounds was investigated. Both crude and semi-purified preparations of the enzymes were used. Monochloroacetaldehyde was found to be extensively metabolized by this enzyme system. It was metabolized to a greater extent th

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7

Stevens, Jeffrey Charles 1963. "Selective inactivation of four rat liver microsomal androstenedione hydroxylases by chloramphenicol analogs." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276700.

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The steroid androstenedione has been shown to be a valuable tool for the study of selective inactivation of rat liver cytochrome P-450 isozymes. The validity of this method was investigated using microsomes, purified cytochromes P-450, cytochrome P-450 antibodies, and the mechanism-based inactivator chloramphenicol. Enzyme inactivation and antibody inhibition studies show that microsomes from phenobarbital- and non-phenobarbital-treated rats are needed to accurately monitor the inactivation of the major phenobarbital-inducible P-450 isozyme (PB-B) and of the major constitutive androstenedione

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8

Gustafson, Richard Allan 1958. "Effect of reduced glutathione on the metabolism of chloroaldehydes by rat liver aldehyde dehydrogenase." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278192.

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The identification of chlorinated organic compounds in drinking supplies has resulted in an interest in the metabolism and toxicity of chlorinated aldehydes. Another possible factor in the metabolism of chloroaldehydes is the endogenaous tripeptide glutathione. The formation of glutathioneconjugates with chloroaldehydes may increase or decrease their rate of reaction with the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme. This study found that the rat liver aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes lost activity with time regardless of storage conditions. In vitro assays of enzyme activity confirmed substrate specifici

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9

Brown, Alan Perry. "Generation and expression of halothane derived protein adducts in the guinea pig liver." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186218.

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The volatile anesthetic halothane can be bioactivated in the liver to the reactive intermediate, trifluoroacetyl chloride, which is capable of covalently modifying liver protein. The product of this reaction is trifluoroacetyl-N-ε-amino lysine, which can act as a foreign epitope in altering both protein immunogenicity and antigenicity. Protein adduct formation appears to be responsible for the development of both an acute and an immune-mediated hepatotoxicity. The goal of this research project was to detect, quantify, and characterize the formation of protein adducts in the guinea pig liver, f

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10

Li, Xilin. "Role of Diet and Xenobiotics in the Progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease." Thesis, Indiana University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10830274.

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<p> Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the leading cause of chronic liver disease. The spectrum of NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis, to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and potentially hepatocellular carcinoma. Dietary factors and chemical exposure have been associated with the disease progression. In addition, the presence of NAFLD changes the metabolism of drugs and chemicals, which may in turn increase the susceptibility of the liver to xenobiotic induced toxicity. To examine the potential interplay of chemicals on diet-induced NAFLD, three stud

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11

Spencer, Julie Andrea. "Cryopreservation of hepatocytes from rodents and food-producing animals and their use for in vitro toxicology." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313353.

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12

Wildfang, Eric Konrad. "Purification, sequencing and characterization of rabbit liver arsenite and methylarsonic acid methyltransferase." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/279851.

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Inorganic arsenic is an important environmental toxicant of both natural and anthropogenic sources. It is a human carcinogen for which appropriate animal models of most arsenic-induced cancers are lacking. Presently, 17 species of non-human primates were screened using an in vitro assay to determine their arsenic methylation ability as a predictive tool for better understanding the presence, and in some instances, deficiency of arsenic methyltransferase activity among animal species. Four of the 17 species investigated had arsenite methyltransferase activity, three of which were from the genus

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13

Benitex, Yulianingsih. "The effects of phenetyl isothiocyanate and benzyl isothiocyanate on acetaminophen metabolism and toxicity in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes in cell suspension /." View abstract, 1999. http://library.ctstateu.edu/ccsu%5Ftheses/1563.html.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Central Connecticut State University, 1999.<br>Thesis advisor: Carol A. Jones. " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Chemistry." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 42-51).

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14

Mobley, Scott Alven. "Retinol activation of Kupffer cells: A mechanism for potentiation of chemically-induced liver injury." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186234.

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The mechanism by which vitamin A (VA, retinol) potentiates the hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) in male Srague-Dawley rats was investigated. The toxicity of single and repeated doses of CCl₄ was potentiated in rats following VA treatment. CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity was completely eliminated in control and VA-treated rats by 1-aminobenzotriazole, a cytochrome P-450 inhibitor, indicating that CCl₄ metabolism was necessary to achieve potentiation. To determine if VA-potentiated CCl₄ hepatotoxicity involves retinol activation of Kupffer cells (KC), various parameters were measured as

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15

Sinha, Vikram Paritosh 1969. "Prediction of in vivo hepatic clearance of selected compounds using the isolated perfused rat liver, precision-cut liver slices and hepatocytes." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282203.

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The overall objective of this dissertation was to estimate the in vivo hepatic clearance (CL(H)) of compounds using in vitro methods of drug metabolism. The isolated perfused rat liver, precision-cut liver slices and hepatocyte were used to estimate in vitro CL(H) and compared to in vivo CL(H) Two compounds, benzoic acid and tolbutamide were chosen as model compounds. An isolated perfused rat liver (IPRL) apparatus was developed to measure hepatic extraction ratio. Three compounds, antipyrine, ethanol and lidocaine were used to characterize the apparatus. The ability of the IPRL to utilize oxy

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16

Banerjee, Atrayee. "Osteopontin-mediated neutrophilic infiltration and higher liver injury in a female rodent alcoholic steatohepatitis model." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2836.

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17

Hellstrøm, Kaja Cecilie. "Comparison of the Composition of Chemical Elements in the Liver of Ringed Seal (Phoca hispida) from three different populations." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-19689.

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The ringed seal (Phoca hispida) is a circumpolar Arctic species, with several subspecies and populations. One subspecies, Phoca hispida botnica, is found in the Baltic Sea. Large ecological differences between these regions may cause variations of trophic positioning and chemical composition in tissues among the inhabiting ringed seal populations. The Baltic Sea is one of the worlds most polluted seas, and the metal pollution in this area may be problematic for Baltic ringed seals. Liver samples from juvenile ringed seals (1-3 years) from three distinct populations, in northwest Gr

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18

Barney, Jazmyne D. L. "A COMPROMISED LIVER ALTERS PCB TOXICITY AND NUTRIENT METABOLISM." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/toxicology_etds/28.

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Environmental contamination is a public health concern. In particular persistent organic pollutants like Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) have been associated with multiple chronic inflammatory diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD prevalence has steadily increased and is expected to continue to rise with an estimated 25% of the world’s population and 80-100 million people affected in the United States alone. Importantly, the liver is the primary site for endobiotic and xenobiotic metabolism, hence its proper function is critical for the body’s response to innate

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19

Coates, Nadya. "An evaluation of the Xenopus laevis liver slice model to study the toxic effects of microcystin." Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/307.

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Blooms of cyanobacteria have increased in occurrence in the past three decades and have been reported to cause severe problems for animals and humans, leading to death in extreme instances. The majority of poisonings that have taken place have been attributed to a hepatotoxin produced by the species Microcystis aeruginosa, namely microcystin. The appearance of a cyanobacterial bloom does not give any indication as to its toxicity and therefore, it is imperative that simple, yet sensitive, bioassays are developed to overcome this problem. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of mic

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20

Bowyer, Cressida Jane. "Hypoxia as a target for drug combination therapy of liver cancer." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2012. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/c90ec816-21e3-402e-9451-2be249b0e162.

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Oxygen is a requirement for almost all living organisms and adaptations to oxygen shortage are essential for surviving periods of oxygen deprivation, known as hypoxia. Cells have evolved a range of mechanisms which increase the supply of oxygen and facilitate metabolic alterations that enable the cell and the organism to maintain functionality under hypoxic conditions. Hypoxia is a hallmark of solid tumours and is associated with increased malignancy and mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Transarterial chemoembolisation therapy (TACE) using doxorubicin is the current standard of care

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21

El, Sisi Alaa El Din El Sayed. "Elucidation of the mechanism of vitamin A potentiation of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184291.

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The liver is a target tissue for Vitamin A toxicity. High doses of Vitamin A have been shown to produce hepatomegaly, portal hypertension, fatty liver, and hepatic degeneration and fibrosis. Of concern to us was the potential interactions of Vitamin A with other known or potential hepatotoxicants. Male SD rats (18o-200 gm) were given Vitamin A (retinol, 250,000 IU/Kg) daily for 7 days by oral gavage. 24 hr after the last dose of Vitamin A, they were then challenged with CCl₄ (0.15 ml/Kg, ip). Ethane, as a marker of lipid peroxidation, was measured during the first 2 hr and hepatic injury was a

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22

Makley, Meghan Katherine. "NMR analyses show TCDD elicits differences in hepatic metabolism in female C57BL/6 mice and Sprague-Dawley rats." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1230048333.

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23

Lin, Tao. "Metabolic changes as potential biomarkers for assessing the mode of benzo[a]pyrene-induced cell death in human hepatoma (HepG₂) cells." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/935.

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24

Lake, April D. "Hepatic stress response mechanisms in progressive human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3590010.

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<p> Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a worldwide, chronic liver disease of increasing clinical significance. It is closely associated with the rising epidemics of obesity and insulin resistance. Up to 17% of the United States population may progress from the disease stage characterized as simple, benign steatosis to the more severe, inflammatory stage of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This progression occurs through 2<sup>nd</sup> 'hits' of increased oxidative stress and inflammation to a liver that has been sensitized by lipotoxic stress. NASH is also characterized by

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25

McGlynn, Andrea. "Interaction of DEHA with mammalian cells." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111939.

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This project studied the biodegradation of a plasticizer, di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), by two mammalian cell lines, HepG2 and WIF-B, in vitro . An MTT assay showed that DEHA had a toxic effect on both cell lines. Despite this, both hepatocyte cell lines successfully degraded the plasticizer. Metabolites were identified and quantified by gas chromatography. HepG2 cells showed minimal alcohol dehydrogense activity and this resulted in the accumulation of 2-ethylhexanol. WIF-B cells were able to breakdown the alcohol and produced 2-ethylhexanoic acid. It is important to note that an enzyme w

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26

Ditzel, Eric Joseph. "Exposure To Arsenite During Fetal Development Increases Susceptibility To Fatty Liver Disease And Alters Hepatic Transport." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/593627.

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Arsenic is common metalloid that is found globally. Its ubiquitous nature means that large portions of the global population are exposed through a variety of pathways. Arsenic is a known human carcinogen and its role in the development of cardiovascular and metabolic disease has become more completely characterized in the past decades. However, the examination of arsenic exposure during embryonic development at relatively low level exposures is an emergent area where lots of questions remain unanswered. As arsenic is difficult and costly to remove from water, the investigation of exposures in

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27

Younis, Husam S. "The molecular and cellular mechanisms of 1,2-dichlorobenzene induced liver injury in Fischer-344 and Sprague-Dawley rats." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290190.

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1,2-Dichlorobenzene (1,2-DCB), an industrial solvent, is a potent hepatotoxicant in Fischer-344 (F-344) rats. Bioactivation of 1,2-DCB by cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver and subsequent activation of Kupffer cells (KC), the resident liver macrophages, are required for the development and progression of liver damage. The mechanisms by which KC cells become activated in chemical induced liver injury are unknown. The studies described in this dissertation utilized 1,2-DCB as a model hepatotoxicant to test the hypothesis that KC activation following 1,2-DCB induced liver injury is triggered by

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28

Wang, Bohan. "Effect of aged garlic extract on the hepatotoxicity and metabolism of bromobenzene in rat liver slices." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1999. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5019/.

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29

Gadupudi, Gopi Srinivas. "PCB126-induced metabolic disruption: effects on liver metabolism and adipocyte development." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2208.

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Recently, persistent organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were classified as “metabolic disruptors” for their suspected roles is altering metabolic and energy homeostasis through bioaccumulation in liver and adipose tissues. Among PCBs, a specific congener, 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126), is a potent arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist and elicits toxicity similar to the classic dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). PCB126 levels found in human blood are particularly associated with diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in human

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30

朱雯 and Wen Zhu. "The potential roles of nitric oxide in carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury of mice and the protective effects of green teapolyphenols." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31241426.

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31

Shen, Hua. "Responses Of paraoxonase 1 to dioxin-like pcb 126 ( 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl): mechanisms and consequences." Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2770.

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that have been associated with various adverse health effects in humans and wildlife. Dioxin-like PCBs elicit a broad spectrum of biochemical and toxic changes including cardiovascular disorders. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an antioxidant enzyme, prevents oxidative stress and plays key roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The overall goal of this dissertation is to investigate the mechanism and role of PON1 in the antioxidant defense to the exposure of 3, 3', 4, 4', 5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126), the most potent cong

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32

Dzierlenga, Anika L. "Mechanism and Functional Consequence of MRP2 Mislocalization in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613592.

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Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a pervasive complication in the realm of pharmacotherapy. At the root of ADRs lies interindividual variability in drug response, which can range from allergic reactions, to genetic variability, to any factors that influence the pharmacokinetics of a drug. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the late-stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by fat deposition, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Over the last several years, alterations in drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters have been broadly characterized through NAFL

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33

Kyffin, J. A. "Establishing species-specific 3D liver microtissues for repeat dose toxicology and advancing in vitro to in vivo translation through computational modelling." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/9707/.

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The scientific basis of xenobiotic safety is complicated because of the variance in predictability of the primary and secondary pharmacology of foreign chemical substances, as well as variability in individual susceptibility within the population [1]. Despite a wealth of research into this field, our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the occurrence of adverse effects from xenobiotics remains limited [2]. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) represent a major encumbrance to the development of new therapeutics with approximately 21% of drug attrition attributed to toxicity during the develop

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34

Nicholls-Grzemski, Felicity April. "The effect of short-term pretreatment with peroxisome proliferators on the acute toxicity of various toxicants, including paracetamol /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phn6158.pdf.

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35

Jimenez-Canet, Mark. "Coordinated Regulation Of Hepatic And Renal Membrane Transporters In Experimental Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/333487.

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Inter-individual variability in drug response is a significant clinical concern and may lead to the development of adverse drug reactions, which are currently a top-ten cause of death in the United States. Recently, the manifestation of disease, which may alter normal physiological function, has gained increased attention for its role as a contributing factor in the development of inter-individual responses to drugs. One such disease, known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is the most common chronic liver disease in Western society and represents a spectrum of clinical morbidities

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36

Cox, Julie. "Evaluation of Strategies to Improve In Vitro Mutagenicity Assessment: Alternative Sources of S9 Exogenous Metabolic Activation and the Development of an In Vitro Assay Based on MutaMouse Primary Hepatocytes." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39340.

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In vitro genetic toxicity tests using cultured bacterial or mammalian cells provide a cost- and time-effective alternative to animal tests. Unfortunately, existing in vitro assays are not always reliable. This is in part due to the limited metabolic capacity of the cells used, which is often critical to accurately assess chemical genotoxicity. This limited metabolic capacity necessitates the use of exogenous sources of mammalian metabolic enzymes that can simulate in vivo mammalian metabolic activation reactions. In response to this, and other limitations, alongside the worldwide trend to redu

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Allard, Julien. "Mise en évidence de l'implication de différents mécanismes dans la survenue de la stéatose hépatique d'origine médicamenteuse en absence de dysfonction mitochondriale sévère." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1B010.

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La stéatose est une lésion hépatique rapportée avec de nombreux médicaments. Des études antérieures ont montré qu'une altération sévère de la β-oxydation mitochondriale des acides gras (mtFAO) conduit constamment à une accumulation de lipides dans le foie. Cependant, on en sait beaucoup moins sur le(s) mécanisme(s) de la stéatose induite par les médicaments en l'absence de dysfonction mitochondriale sévère, bien que des études antérieures aient suggéré l'implication d'une inhibition légère à modérée de la mtFAO, une augmentation de la lipogenèse de novo (LDN) et une altération de la sécrétion

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Hardwick, Rhiannon Nicole. "Nash Alters Drug Metabolizing Enzyme and Transporter Expression Resulting in Significant Consequences for Pharmaceutical Disposition and Toxicity." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/247281.

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The body encounters an innumerable amount of foreign substances, termed xenobiotics, which it must remove in order to prevent damage to cells and organs. This system of removal is a collection of processes known as ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion). The dynamics of ADME ultimately determine the fate, or pharmacokinetics, of a xenobiotic in the body whether it be an administered pharmaceutical or a potentially harmful toxicant. The major cellular effectors of ADME are the drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and transporters. DMEs function to transform xenobiotics into a me

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Uwimana, Eric. "Probing the PCB metabolome: metabolism of chiral and non-chiral polychlorinated biphenyls to chiral hydroxylated metabolites in humans and rats." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6657.

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) continue to pose a health concern because of their predominance in the diet and air as well as in environmental samples and humans. PCB congeners with 3 or 4 chlorine substituents in ortho position have been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PCBs) of these PCBs are also potentially toxic to the developing brain. Metabolism studies have mainly focused on animal models. However, preliminary data from this dissertation work have revealed PCB metabolism differences between laboratory animal models and humans in terms of meta

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Cornu, Raphaël. "Nanoparticules et santé : de grandes promesses thérapeutiques, mais pour quel risque ?" Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCE018.

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Les nanoparticules sont définies comme des structures sphériques dont le diamètre maximum est de 100 nanomètres. Les domaines d’applications des nanoparticules incluant l’industrie agroalimentaire et pharmaceutique, sont extrêmement nombreux. L’Homme peut être quotidiennement exposé à des nanoparticules via différentes voies d’administration (orale, intraveineuse, pulmonaire et cutanée). En raison de leur taille nanométrique, les nanoparticules possèdent des propriétés physico-chimiques uniques, induisant de fortes interactions avec l’environnement biologique. Ces caractéristiques ont été larg

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Barst, Benjamin Daniel. "Hepatotoxicity of Mercury to Fish." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc31525/.

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Tissue samples from spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were collected from Caddo Lake. Gar and bass livers were subjected to histological investigation and color analysis. Liver color (as abs at 400 nm) was significantly correlated with total mercury in the liver (r2 = 0.57, p = 0.02) and muscle (r2 = 0.58, p = 0.01) of gar. Evidence of liver damage as lipofuscin and discoloration was found in both species but only correlated with liver mercury concentration in spotted gar. Inorganic mercury was the predominant form in gar livers. In order to de

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Araujo, Ulisses Cesar de. "Comportamento rotacional em Teste de Nado Livre como um modelo em roedores para estudo da neurotoxicidade do chumbo durante a vida adulta." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2009. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1151.

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A exposição ao chumbo ainda permanece como um sério problema de saúde pública, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil. Apesar do número crescente de estudos mostrando déficits neurocomportamentais em indivíduos expostos ocupacionalmente ao chumbo, os mecanismos envolvidos com a manifestação destes transtornos permanecem pouco conhecidos. Desta forma, o uso de modelos animais abre grandes possibilidades, não somente de investigação dos mecanismos biológicos envolvidos com a toxicidade do chumbo, mas também na elaboração de estratégias para proteção e/ou reversão dos seus efei

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du, Toit Chante. "Retrospective analysis of abandoned live births, stillbirths and non-viable foetuses admitted to Salt River Mortuary, Cape Town." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29883.

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The abandonment of neonates in locations where discovery and survival is not intended is a global concern. These cases comprise non-viable foetuses and stillbirths (natural deaths), as well as abandoned live births (unnatural deaths); the latter having possible legal consequences. To describe the profile of abandoned neonates and obtain a global perspective of the post-mortem investigation in such cases, a systematic review of the literature on abandoned foetuses, concealed births and neonaticide was conducted. This revealed a paucity of research on the subject; only one published South Africa

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Prado, Alexandre Gustavo Soares do. "Efeitos provocados por agroquimicos livre ou ancorados em silica gel na microbiota do solo." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250050.

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Orientador : Claudio Airoldi<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-29T03:54:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Prado_AlexandreGustavoSoaresdo_D.pdf: 2951526 bytes, checksum: 7f00bbe094b8dc43a38aa95a042dedd1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001<br>Doutorado

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Silveira, Diane Rodrigues. "Avaliação da toxicidade do cloro livre em bactérias desnitrificantes e nitrificantes." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2014. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/129379.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química, Florianópolis, 2014.<br>Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-05T21:01:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 328454.pdf: 2164856 bytes, checksum: 02a1c3987d59ad6977f5905f6baf267e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014<br>Os processos biológicos mais conhecidos para o tratamento de águas residuárias com alta carga de nitrogênio são a nitrificação e a desnitrificação. Por serem tecnologias que envolvem a atuação de bactérias, vários fatores podem interferir no processo, promov

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Al, Ali Ahmad. "Le dosage des cytochromes P450 (CYPs) humains par spectrométrie de masse : applications en toxicologie." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05P603/document.

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Les cytochromes P450 (CYPs) jouent un rôle essentiel dans le métabolisme oxydatif de nombreux composés endogènes et exogènes. L’expression de CYPs est extrêmement variable en fonction de facteurs physiopathologiques, génétiques et environnementaux. Le métabolisme des xénobiotiques par les CYPs dépend en partie de la nature, de la quantité et de l’activité d’isoformes des CYPs impliqués. L'analyse quantitative de l'expression de CYP dans les organes du métabolisme, tels que le foie, sont d'une importance particulière étant donné que la biotransformation réalisée par les CYPs est souvent un fact

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Yeung, Lau-kong, and 楊柳江. "Review of food safety policy in Hong Kong: challenges brought by ciguatera on the safe consumption of live reeffish." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45013664.

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Minsart, Charlotte. "Involvement of High Mobility Group Box 1 protein in acetaminophen-induced liver injury: dissection of signaling pathways and potential therapeutic targeting." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/319459.

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L’overdose au paracétamol est l’une des intoxications médicamenteuses la plus fréquente au monde, caractérisée par une atteinte hépatique dont l’issue peut être fatale. Les études réalisées sur ce phénomène ont montré que la phase initiale de la toxicité est induite par le métabolite actif du paracétamol, le N-acétyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI). Ce dernier, en l’absence de quantité suffisante de glutathion, s’accumulent dans la cellule et finit par se lier à d’autres protéines, principalement mitochondriales, formant alors des adduits. Cette liaison va altérer la fonction primaire des protéin

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Bastos, Verónica Isabel Correia. "Do silver nanoparticles induce cytotoxicity and genotoxicity to skin, liver and blood cell lines?" Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/18579.

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Doutoramento em Biologia<br>As nanopartículas de prata (AgNPs) estão entre as nanopartículas mais utilizadas devido às suas propriedades fisico-químicas e biológicas (como por exemplo a sua eficiente actividade antimicrobiana). Contudo, existe uma crescente preocupação relativamente ao seu potencial impacto no ambiente e na saúde humana. Mais especificamente, ainda não está explicada a influência dos revestimentos das nanopartículas na citotoxicidade, inflamação e potencial genotóxico em células humanas. Neste estudo, as AgNPs revestidas com citrato ou poli(etilenoglicol) (PEG) foram utilizada

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Cearfoss, Jacquelyn M. "The Induction of Oxidative Stress in the Livers of Mice Following Long-Term Exposure to the Water Chlorination By-Products, Dichloroacetate and Trichloroacetate." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1333652434.

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