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Journal articles on the topic 'Lizards – Functional morphology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Herrel, A., P. Aerts, and D. Vree. "Static biting in lizards: functional morphology of the temporal ligaments." Journal of Zoology 244, no. 1 (1998): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00015.x.

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2

Froerer, J., and J. S. Gardner. "SEM of the tongue and related vomeronasal structures in Coluber constrictor and Uta stansburiana." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 53 (August 13, 1995): 882–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100140786.

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The forked tongue in snakes and lizards serves to follow the pheromone trails of both prey and conspecifics. The three phases of the tongue flicking cycle are interrelated with three functional structures involved with the transportation of stimulus particles from the environment to the vomeronasal organ (VNO). (1) The sample phase involves protrusion of the tongue, collection, and transfer of stimulus particles to the anterior processes. (2) A transfer phase in conjunction with the anterior processes serves to facilitate the collection and localization of stimulus particles from the tongue. (

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3

Shine, Richard, and Rajkumar Radder. "Germinal bed condition in a polyautochronic single-clutched lizard, Bassiana duperreyi (Scincidae)." Amphibia-Reptilia 28, no. 1 (2007): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853807779799018.

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AbstractIn lizards, the eggs are produced within small regions of the ovary known as germinal beds (GBs); previous literature suggests that the number of GBs per ovary may be linked to life-history traits such as clutch size and breeding frequency. In the oviparous montane Australian skink Bassiana duperreyi, females produce a single clutch of 3 to 11 eggs each year. Our histological examination of ovaries of this species revealed a single GB per ovary. In combination with previous studies, our results suggest that scincid lizards may offer ideal model systems to explore the functional link be

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4

Sánchez-Martínez, Paola María, Juan D. Daza, and Julio Mario Hoyos. "Comparative anatomy of the middle ear in some lizard species with comments on the evolutionary changes within Squamata." PeerJ 9 (July 22, 2021): e11722. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11722.

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The skeleton of the middle ear of lizards is composed of three anatomical elements: columella, extracolumella, and tympanic membrane, with some exceptions that show modifications of this anatomy. The main function of the middle ear is transforming sound waves into vibrations and transmitting these to the inner ear. Most middle ear studies mainly focus on its functional aspects, while few describe the anatomy in detail. In lizards, the morphology of the columella is highly conservative, while the extracolumella shows variation in its presence/absence, size, and the number of processes present o

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Garner, Austin M., Michael C. Wilson, Anthony P. Russell, Ali Dhinojwala, and Peter H. Niewiarowski. "Going Out on a Limb: How Investigation of the Anoline Adhesive System Can Enhance Our Understanding of Fibrillar Adhesion." Integrative and Comparative Biology 59, no. 1 (2019): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icz012.

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Abstract The remarkable ability of geckos to adhere to a wide-variety of surfaces has served as an inspiration for hundreds of studies spanning the disciplines of biomechanics, functional morphology, ecology, evolution, materials science, chemistry, and physics. The multifunctional properties (e.g., self-cleaning, controlled releasability, reversibility) and adhesive performance of the gekkotan adhesive system have motivated researchers to design and fabricate gecko-inspired synthetic adhesives of various materials and properties. However, many challenges remain in our attempts to replicate th

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6

Miles, Donald B. "Can Morphology Predict the Conservation Status of Iguanian Lizards?" Integrative and Comparative Biology 60, no. 2 (2020): 535–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa074.

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Synopsis The integrity of regional and local biological diversity is under siege as a result of multiple anthropogenic threats. The conversion of habitats, such as rain forests, into agricultural ecosystems, reduces the area available to support species populations. Rising temperatures and altered rainfall patterns lead to additional challenges for species. The ability of conservation biologists to ascertain the threats to a species requires data on changes in distribution, abundance, life history, and ecology. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) uses these data to ap

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7

Le Guilloux, Margot, Aurélien Miralles, John Measey, et al. "Trade-offs between burrowing and biting force in fossorial scincid lizards?" Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 130, no. 2 (2020): 310–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa031.

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Abstract Trade-offs are thought to be important in constraining evolutionary divergence as they may limit phenotypic diversification. The cranial system plays a vital role in many functions including defensive, territorial, predatory and feeding behaviours in addition to housing the brain and sensory systems. Consequently, the morphology of the cranial system is affected by a combination of selective pressures that may induce functional trade-offs. Limbless, head-first burrowers are thought to be constrained in their cranial morphology as narrow heads may provide a functional advantage for bur

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8

Eloy de Amorim, Mariana, Thomas W. Schoener, Guilherme Ramalho Chagas Cataldi Santoro, Anna Carolina Ramalho Lins, Jonah Piovia-Scott, and Reuber Albuquerque Brandão. "Lizards on newly created islands independently and rapidly adapt in morphology and diet." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 33 (2017): 8812–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1709080114.

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Rapid adaptive changes can result from the drastic alterations humans impose on ecosystems. For example, flooding large areas for hydroelectric dams converts mountaintops into islands and leaves surviving populations in a new environment. We report differences in morphology and diet of the termite-eating geckoGymnodactylus amaralibetween five such newly created islands and five nearby mainland sites located in the Brazilian Cerrado, a biodiversity hotspot. Mean prey size and dietary prey-size breadth were larger on islands than mainlands, expected because four larger lizard species that also c

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9

Morinaga, Gen, and Philip J. Bergmann. "Evolution of fossorial locomotion in the transition from tetrapod to snake-like in lizards." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1923 (2020): 20200192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0192.

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Dramatic evolutionary transitions in morphology are often assumed to be adaptive in a new habitat. However, these assumptions are rarely tested because such tests require intermediate forms, which are often extinct. In vertebrates, the evolution of an elongate, limbless body is generally hypothesized to facilitate locomotion in fossorial and/or cluttered habitats. However, these hypotheses remain untested because few studies examine the locomotion of species ranging in body form from tetrapod to snake-like. Here, we address these functional hypotheses by testing whether trade-offs exist betwee

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10

Russell, A. P., and M. K. Johnson. "Real-world challenges to, and capabilities of, the gekkotan adhesive system: contrasting the rough and the smooth." Canadian Journal of Zoology 85, no. 12 (2007): 1228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z07-103.

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Many species of gekkotan lizards possess adhesive subdigital pads that allow them to adhere to, and move easily on, a wide variety of surfaces. However, although the mechanism of adhesion and the potential adhesive capacity of this system have been extensively studied, the adaptive value of these structures and their deployment in natural situations have rarely been examined. The maximal adhesive capacity of gekkotan setal fields has been shown to greatly exceed the force needed to support the body. This high adhesive potential is likely an adaptation for movement on the natural surfaces that

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11

Simon, Monique Nouailhetas, Renata Brandt, Tiana Kohlsdorf, and Stevan J. Arnold. "Bite performance surfaces of three ecologically divergent Iguanidae lizards: relationships with lower jaw bones." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 127, no. 4 (2019): 810–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blz067.

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Abstract Traits that interact to perform an ecologically relevant function are expected to be under multivariate non-linear selection. Using the lower jaw morphology as a biomechanical model, we test the hypothesis that lower jaw bones of lizards are subjected to stabilizing and correlational selection, associated with mechanical advantage and maximum bite force. We used three closely related tropidurine species that differ in size, head shape and microhabitat: Eurolophosaurus nanuzae, Tropidurus hispidus and Tropidurus semitaeniatus. We predicted a common pattern of correlational selection on

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12

Tan, W. C., B. Vanhooydonck, J. Measey, and A. Herrel. "Morphology, locomotor performance and habitat use in southern African agamids." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 130, no. 1 (2020): 166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa024.

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Abstract Understanding the relationships between form and function can help us to understand the evolution of phenotypic diversity in different ecological contexts. Locomotor traits are ecologically relevant as they reflect the ability of an organism to escape from predators, to catch prey or to defend territories. As such, locomotion provides a good model to investigate how environmental constraints may influence an organism’s performance. Here, we investigate the ecomorphological relationships between limb morphology, locomotor performance (sprint speed and endurance) and habitat use in six

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13

Fontanarrosa, Gabriela, and Virginia Abdala. "Bone indicators of grasping hands in lizards." PeerJ 4 (May 2, 2016): e1978. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1978.

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Grasping is one of a few adaptive mechanisms that, in conjunction with clinging, hooking, arm swinging, adhering, and flying, allowed for incursion into the arboreal eco-space. Little research has been done that addresses grasping as an enhanced manual ability in non-mammalian tetrapods, with the exception of studies comparing the anatomy of muscle and tendon structure. Previous studies showed that grasping abilities allow exploitation for narrow branch habitats and that this adaptation has clear osteological consequences. The objective of this work is to ascertain the existence of morphometri

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14

Sherbrooke, Wade C., Andrew J. Scardino, Rocky de Nys, and Lin Schwarzkopf. "Functional morphology of scale hinges used to transport water: convergent drinking adaptations in desert lizards (Moloch horridus and Phrynosoma cornutum)." Zoomorphology 126, no. 2 (2007): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00435-007-0031-7.

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15

Prado-Irwin, Sofia R., Liam J. Revell, and Kristin M. Winchell. "Variation in tail morphology across urban and forest populations of the crested anole (Anolis cristatellus)." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 128, no. 3 (2019): 632–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blz111.

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AbstractAnolis lizards are well known for their specialist ecomorphs characterized by the convergent evolution of suites of traits linked to the use of particular microhabitats. Many of these same traits evolve rapidly in response to novel selection pressures and have been very well studied. In contrast, the tail crest, a feature present in a subset of lineages, has been almost entirely overlooked. Variation in tail crest morphology within and among species remains largely unstudied, as does the function of the trait. Here, we use the natural experiment provided by urbanization to ask whether

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16

Brennan, Ian G., Alan R. Lemmon, Emily Moriarty Lemmon, et al. "Phylogenomics of Monitor Lizards and the Role of Competition in Dictating Body Size Disparity." Systematic Biology 70, no. 1 (2020): 120–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaa046.

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Abstract Organismal interactions drive the accumulation of diversity by influencing species ranges, morphology, and behavior. Interactions vary from agonistic to cooperative and should result in predictable patterns in trait and range evolution. However, despite a conceptual understanding of these processes, they have been difficult to model, particularly on macroevolutionary timescales and across broad geographic spaces. Here, we investigate the influence of biotic interactions on trait evolution and community assembly in monitor lizards (Varanus). Monitors are an iconic radiation with a cosm

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17

Natchev, Nikolay, Nikolay Tzankov, Vladislav Vergilov, Stefan Kummer, and Stephan Handschuh. "Functional morphology of a highly specialised pivot joint in the cranio-cervical complex of the minute lizard Ablepharus kitaibelii in relation to feeding ecology and behaviour." Contributions to Zoology 84, no. 1 (2015): 13—S3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-08401002.

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The snake-eyed skink Ablepharus kitaibelii is one of the smallest European lizards, but despite its minute size it is able to feed on comparatively large prey. Here we investigate the diet of A. kitaibelii and the mechanisms that allow the skink to overpower relatively large and even noxious prey. High-speed cinematography showed that A. kitaibelii uses a series of shaking and battering movements to immobilise and kill prey prior to swallowing. During this process, the skinks rises up on the hind limbs and then whacks the prey sidewise on the substrate by twisting the trunk, neck and head late

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18

Chamut, Silvia, Valeria García Valdez, and Mario E. Manes. "Functional Morphology of Femoral Glands in the Tegu Lizard,Tupinambis merianae." Zoological Science 26, no. 4 (2009): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zsj.26.289.

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19

Hewes, Amanda E., and Kurt Schwenk. "The functional morphology of lingual prey capture in a scincid lizard, Tiliqua scincoides (Reptilia: Squamata)." Journal of Morphology 282, no. 1 (2020): 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.21287.

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20

Munch, Kirke L., Daniel W. A. Noble, Thomas Botterill-James, et al. "Maternal effects impact decision-making in a viviparous lizard." Biology Letters 14, no. 4 (2018): 20170556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0556.

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Stressful conditions experienced during early development can have deleterious effects on offspring morphology, physiology and behaviour. However, few studies have examined how developmental stress influences an individual's cognitive phenotype. Using a viviparous lizard, we show that the availability of food resources to a mother during gestation influences a key component of her offspring's cognitive phenotype: their decision-making. Offspring from females who experienced low resource availability during gestation did better in an anti-predatory task that relied on spatial associations to gu

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21

Li, Hong, Clare E. Holleley, Melanie Elphick, Arthur Georges, and Richard Shine. "The behavioural consequences of sex reversal in dragons." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1832 (2016): 20160217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.0217.

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Sex differences in morphology, physiology, and behaviour are caused by sex-linked genes, as well as by circulating sex-steroid levels. Thus, a shift from genotypic to environmental sex determination may create an organism that exhibits a mixture of male-like and female-like traits. We studied a lizard species (Central Bearded Dragon, Pogona vitticeps ), in which the high-temperature incubation of eggs transforms genetically male individuals into functional females. Although they are reproductively female, sex-reversed dragons (individuals with ZZ genotype reversed to female phenotype) resemble

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22

Baeckens, Simon, Charlotte Goeyers, and Raoul Van Damme. "Convergent Evolution of Claw Shape in a Transcontinental Lizard Radiation." Integrative and Comparative Biology 60, no. 1 (2019): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icz151.

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Abstract Species occupying similar selective environments often share similar phenotypes as the result of natural selection. Recent discoveries, however, have led to the understanding that phenotypes may also converge for other reasons than recurring selection. We argue that the vertebrate claw system constitutes a promising but understudied model system for testing the adaptive nature of phenotypic, functional, and genetic convergence. In this study, we combine basic morphometrics and advanced techniques in form analysis to examine claw shape divergence in a transcontinental lizard radiation

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23

WAINWRIGHT, PETER C., and ALBERT F. BENNETT. "The Mechanism of Tongue Projection in Chameleons: I. Electromyographic Tests of Functional Hypotheses." Journal of Experimental Biology 168, no. 1 (1992): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.168.1.1.

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In this paper we document the activity of key muscles of the tongue, hyobranchial apparatus and head during prey capture in the lizard Chamaeleo jacksonii Boulenger and use these data to test current hypotheses of chameleon tongue function. Electromyographic recordings were made during 27 feedings from nine individuals and synchronized with high-speed video recordings (200 fields s−1), permitting an assessment of the activity of muscles relative to the onset of tongue projection, contact between tongue and prey, and tongue retraction. Four major results were obtained. (1) The hyoglossi muscles

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24

Talmatamar, Amina, Isma Chaabane, Sabiha Salem, et al. "Kidney functional morphology variations between spring and winter in the Saharan male lizard Uromastyx acanthinura (Sauria, Agamidae), with special reference to body water economy." Tissue and Cell 67 (December 2020): 101448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tice.2020.101448.

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25

"Anatomy and functional morphology of the largest marine reptile known, Mosasaurus hoffmanni (Mosasauridae, Reptilia) from the Upper Cretaceous, Upper Maastrichtian of The Netherlands." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 347, no. 1320 (1995): 155–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1995.0019.

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Mosasaurus hoffmanni , one of the latest known mosasaurs, comes from the Upper Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous Chalk of The Netherlands. Although the first specimen was discovered over 200 years ago, it is here fully described for the first time to provide detailed insights into its anatomy, functional morphology and evolution. Many characters of the skull show that M. hoffmanni was among the most advanced mosasaurs. The skull is robustly constructed and is the least kinetic in the Mosasauridae and, with a tightly assembled palatal complex, provided greater cranial stability in this large-head

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26

Herrera-Flores, Jorge A., Thomas L. Stubbs, and Michael J. Benton. "Ecomorphological diversification of squamates in the Cretaceous." Royal Society Open Science 8, no. 3 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201961.

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Squamates (lizards and snakes) are highly successful modern vertebrates, with over 10 000 species. Squamates have a long history, dating back to at least 240 million years ago (Ma), and showing increasing species richness in the Late Cretaceous (84 Ma) and Early Palaeogene (66–55 Ma). We confirm that the major expansion of dietary functional morphology happened before these diversifications, in the mid-Cretaceous, 110–90 Ma. Until that time, squamates had relatively uniform tooth types, which then diversified substantially and ecomorphospace expanded to modern levels. This coincides with the C

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27

Simões, Tiago R., Michael W. Caldwell, Randall L. Nydam, and Paulina Jiménez-Huidobro. "Osteology, phylogeny, and functional morphology of two Jurassic lizard species and the early evolution of scansoriality in geckoes." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12487.

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