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Journal articles on the topic 'Load Commutated Inverter (LCI)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 September 2023

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1

Ekemb, Gabriel, Fouad Slaoui-Hasnaoui, Joseph Song-Manguelle, P. M. Lingom, and Issouf Fofana. "Instantaneous Electromagnetic Torque Components in Synchronous Motors Fed by Load-Commutated Inverters." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 31, 2021): 3223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113223.

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This paper proposes time-domain analytical expressions of the instantaneous pulsating torque components in a synchronous machine air gap when supplied by a load-commutated-inverter (LCI) system. The LCI technology is one of the most used variable frequency drives when very high power and low speed are required in applications such as pipeline recompression and decompression, as well as liquefied natural gas compression. In such applications, synchronous motors are used because of their high efficiency resulting from a separated supply of the current to their rotor through the excitation circuit. These applications usually have long and flexible shafts, which are very sensitive to torsional vibration excitation when their natural frequencies interact with any external torque applied to the shaft. A torsional analysis is required by international standards to assess the survivability of the shaft through the overall speed range of the motor. Therefore, the magnitude and frequencies of the motor air-gap torque are needed for such evaluation. The proposed developments are supported by numerical simulations of LCI systems in a large range of operation range. From the simulation results, torque harmonic families are derived and expressed in a parametric form, which confirm the accuracy of the proposed relationships.

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2

Mohamadian, S., and M. H. Khanzade. "A Five-Level Current-Source Inverter for Grid-Connected or High-Power Three-Phase Wound-Field Synchronous Motor Drives." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 6, no. 5 (October 23, 2016): 1139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.695.

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Simple converter structure, inherent short-circuit protection and regenerative capability are the most important advantages of current-source inverters (CSI’s) which have made them suitable for medium-voltage high-power drives. Usually in grid-connected gas turbine generators or pumped storage hydro power plants, efficient and reliable current-source load-commutated inverters (LCI’s) with thyristor switches are employed. Also, this type of CSI is widely used in very large drives with power ratings of tens of megawatts to supply wound-field synchronous motors (WFSM’s). However, LCI’s suffer from some disadvantages such as large torque pulsations, poor power factor, and start-up criticalities. In this paper, a novel multilevel-based CSI is proposed. The proposed converter consists of one LCI and one CSI bridge with self-turn-off switches along with a voltage clamping circuit. The CSI switches are forced commutated; hence, a voltage clamping circuit is employed to limit voltage spikes caused by current variations in inductive paths during commutation transients. Drastic reduction in harmonic distortion of stator current and improved fundamental power factor are achieved by the proposed topology. In addition, torque pulsations are reduced remarkably for normal and starting operating conditions. Comprehensive analysis of the proposed structure is presented and the design of converter components is elaborated.

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3

Ji, Lian Tao, De Shun Wang, Bin Yu, Shang Lin Zhao, Ai Liang Kong, Xin Long Zhang, and Gui Gang Han. "Research on Constant Frequency Electrical Angle Start Method of LCI." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 1258–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.1258.

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Load-commutated inverters (LCIs) are the key starting device of wound-field synchronous motor. By detecting the rotor position and inputting a variable frequent current to the stator windings, the LCI can drive the motor from standstill to a given speed. Thus, rotor position detecting method comes to be the key techniques, but at the ultra-low speed period, the motor’s terminal voltage is too low to accurately sampling and is vulnerable to the interference, which brings risks to the variable frequency driving. In this paper, through analyzing the principles of LCIs and synchronous machine, a constant frequency electrical angle control methods is introduced to solve the difficulty of detecting the rotor position in the low speed period. A 98MW synchronous machine driven with an 18MW LCI are experimented in MATLAB and RTDS systems, the results show that the proposed control strategy can realize soft-start of the wound-field synchronous motor without detecting rotor’s position.

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4

Puskarich, K. A., W. E. Reid, and P. S. Hamer. "Harmonic experiences with a large load-commutated inverter drive." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 37, no. 1 (2001): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.903135.

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5

SINGH, BHIM, S. P. SRIVASTAVA, and S. K. BARAL. "LOAD COMMUTATED INVERTER FED VARIABLE SPEED RELUCTANCE MOTOR DRIVE." Electric Machines & Power Systems 18, no. 3 (May 1990): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07313569008909472.

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6

Sudhoff, S. D., E. L. Zivi, and T. D. Collins. "Start up performance of load-commutated inverter fed synchronous machine drives." IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 10, no. 2 (June 1995): 268–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/60.391892.

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7

Singh, B., S. Singh, and S. P. Hemanth Chender. "Power quality improvement in load commutated inverter-fed synchronous motor drives." IET Power Electronics 3, no. 3 (2010): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2008.0345.

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8

DOTIHAL, P. S., BHIM SINGH, and R. B. SAXENA. "PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF LOAD COMMUTATED INVERTER FED CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE." Electric Machines & Power Systems 18, no. 3 (May 1990): 261–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07313569008909471.

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9

Toliyat, H. A., N. Sultana, D. S. Shet, and J. C. Moreira. "Brushless permanent magnet (BPM) motor drive system using load-commutated inverter." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 14, no. 5 (September 1999): 831–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/63.788479.

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10

Kwak, S., and H. A. Toliyat. "A Hybrid Solution for Load-Commutated-Inverter-Fed Induction Motor Drives." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 41, no. 1 (January 2005): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2004.841025.

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11

Dawson, F. P., and P. Jain. "A comparison of load commutated inverter systems for induction heating and melting applications." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 6, no. 3 (July 1991): 430–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/63.85911.

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12

Antar, Rakan Khalil, Basil Mohammed Saied, and Rafid Ahmed Khalil. "Power Quality Improvement of High Voltage DC Link using Modified Shunt Active Power Filter." Al-Kitab Journal for Pure Sciences 1, no. 1 (June 17, 2018): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32441/kjps.v1i1.91.

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A new control strategy for active power filters is proposed, modeled and implemented in order to improve the power quality of a line commutated converter High voltage DC link. The ability of reactive power and harmonics reductions are generally met by using passive and active power filters. In this paper, modified active power filter with a modified harmonics pulse width modulation algorithm is used to minimize the source harmonics and force the AC supply current to be in the same phase with AC voltage source at both sending and receiving sides of a line commutated converter high voltage DC link. Therefore, it is considered as power factor corrector and harmonics eliminator with random variations in the load current. The modified harmonics pulse width modulation algorithm is applicable for active power filter based on a three-phase five-level and seven-level cascaded H-bridge voltage source inverter. Simulation results show that the suggested modified multilevel active power filters improve total harmonics distortion of both voltage and current with almost unity effective power factor at both AC sides of high voltage DC link. Therefore, modified active power filter is an effective tool for power quality improvement and preferable for line commutated converter high voltage DC link at different load conditions.

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13

Mukherjee, K., S. SenGupta, T. K. Bhattacharya, and A. K. Chattopadhyay. "Simplified steady-state model of an SCR-inverter-based load-commutated commutatorless series motor." IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 17, no. 2 (June 2002): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tec.2002.1009468.

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14

Mukherjee, K., S. SenGupta, T. K. Bhattacharya, and A. K. Chattopadhyay. "Simplified Steady-State Model of an SCR-Inverter-Based Load-Commutated Commutatorless Series Motor." IEEE Power Engineering Review 22, no. 3 (March 2002): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mper.2002.4312056.

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15

Jain, A. K., and V. T. Ranganathan. "Starting scheme for load commutated inverter-fed wound field synchronous machine using an auxiliary low-power voltage source inverter." IET Electric Power Applications 5, no. 6 (2011): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2010.0122.

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16

Shadab, Mirza Mohammad, Mohammad Arifuddin Mallick, Mohammad Tufail, and M. S. Jamil Asghar. "Development of a Novel Three Phase Grid-Tied Multilevel Inverter Topology." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 7, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 826. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v7.i3.pp826-834.

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The conventional line-commutated ac-to-dc converters/ inverters have square-shaped line current. It contains higher-order harmonics which generates EMI and it causes more heating of the core of distribution or power transformers. PWM based inverters using MOSFET/IGBT have higher switching losses, and the power handling capability and reliability are quite low in comparison to thyristors/ SCR. A thyristor based forced commutated inverters are not suitable for PWM applications due to the problems of commutation circuits. A pure sinusoidal voltage output or waveform with low harmonic contents is most desirable for ac load using dc to ac conversion. This paper presents a new multilevel inverter topology in which three phase ac- to-dc converter circuits are used in inversion mode by controlling the switching angle. Due to natural commutation, no separate circuit is required for synchronization. In this paper simulation and analysis are done for grid-tied three-phase 6-pulse, Two three-phase, 3-pulse and 12-pulse converter. These converters are analysed for different battery voltage and different switching angle combinations in order to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD). Three-phase harmonic filters are further added to the grid side to reduce the harmonic content in the line current. A comparative study of these converters is also presented in this paper.

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17

Hyung-Soo Mok, Seung-Ki Sul, and Min-Ho Park. "A load commutated inverter-fed induction motor drive system using a novel DC-side commutation circuit." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 30, no. 3 (1994): 736–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.293724.

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18

Banerjee, D., and V. T. Ranganathan. "Load-Commutated SCR Current-Source-Inverter-Fed Induction Motor Drive With Sinusoidal Motor Voltage and Current." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 24, no. 4 (April 2009): 1048–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2008.2009112.

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19

Sebastian C, Richu, and P. P. Rajeevan. "Load-Commutated SCR-Based Current Source Inverter Fed Induction Motor Drive With Open-End Stator Windings." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 65, no. 3 (March 2018): 2031–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2017.2739699.

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20

Afanasyev, Aleksandr A., and Evgenii G. Paimurzov. "A SENSORLESS CONTROL METHOD OF THYRISTOR STATICAL FREQUENCY CONVERTER FOR STARTING SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE." Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/1810-1909-2023-2-41-54.

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Relevance of study. Starting of the medium voltage synchronous machine at standstill is one of the main problems in the operation of unregulated synchronous electric drives. The optimal solution is starting the excited synchronous machine fed by the thyristor statical frequency converter. A sensorless control of the statical frequency converter for thyristor switching of load-commutated inverter to functions of synchronous machine angular rotor position in the area of zero and low speed, has not yet received a clear solution. The purpose of this study is the design of the sensorless control method for the thyristor statical frequency converter at the synchronous machine startup under conditions of angular acceleration uncertainty. Materials and methods. Methods of theory of electrical machines and computer mathematical simulation are used in the study. Results of the study. The regularity between the angular rotor position and the non-conductive phase stator voltage of the synchronous machine is determined. The rotor rotation angle of the synchronous machine is defined as the ratio of the conductive state duration of the thyristor arm pair of the load-commutated inverter to the period determined from the non-conductive phase stator voltage of the synchronous machine. The sensorless control method is based on simultaneous operation of scalar control, indirect angular rotor position determination and cross-control channels. The proposed sensorless control method is tested by computer mathematical simulation of the system «thyristor statical frequency converter –synchronous machine». Findings. The application of the considered control method was found for commercially available medium voltage thyristor frequency converters of EKRA Ltd. The considered method can be used for the sensorless control of frequency converter by different topology.

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21

Richu, Sebastian C., and P. P. Rajeevan. "A Load Commutated Multilevel Current Source Inverter Fed Open-End Winding Induction Motor Drive With Regeneration Capability." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 35, no. 1 (January 2020): 816–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2019.2916224.

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22

Besselmann, Thomas, Stefan Almer, and Hans Ferreau. "Model Predictive Control of Load Commutated Inverter-fed Synchronous Machines." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2015, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2015.2511095.

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23

Gong, Wenkang, Shangzhi Pan, Wenqiang Lin, Yuan Shang, Jinwu Gong, Fei Liu, and Xiaoming Zha. "A Synchronous Auxiliary Resonant Commutated Pole Soft-switching Inverter with Improved Load Adaptability." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2021, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2021.3114263.

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