Relevant bibliographies by topics / Load shedding - Protection

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Load shedding - Protection'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Load shedding - Protection"

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Ford, J. J., H. Bevrani, and G. Ledwich. "Adaptive load shedding and regional protection." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 31, no. 10 (November 2009): 611–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2009.06.004.

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Mahesh, C., F. T.Josh, and A. Sanjeevi Gandhi. "A comprehensive study on protection, control and communication techniques: a key concept for microgrid intelligent operation." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.8 (March 19, 2018): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.8.10320.

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Microgrid is an integrated network of renewable and non renewable resources to supply the green power to a small range of community. An effective communication technology is necessary to be implemented among the power generations, storages and loads of microgrid in order to manage the load sharing, shedding and protection issues. This paper provides the study on architecture, characteristics, load managements, protection schemes, communication techniques and research challenges of microgrid.
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Huang, Chin-Chyr, and Shyh-Jier Huang. "A time-based load shedding protection for isolated power systems." Electric Power Systems Research 52, no. 2 (November 1999): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-7796(99)00019-x.

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Siyanda Mnguni, Mkhululi Elvis, and Yohan Darcy Mfoumboulou. "An approach for a multi-stage under-frequency based load shedding scheme for a power system network." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 6 (December 1, 2020): 6071. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i6.pp6071-6100.

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The integration of load shedding schemes with mainstream protection in power system networks is vital. The traditional power system network incorporates different protection schemes to protect its components. Once the power network reaches its maximum limits, and the load demand continue to increase the whole system will experience power system instability. The system frequency usually drops due to the loss of substantial generation creating imbalance. The best method to recover the system from instability is by introducing an under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) scheme in parallel with the protection schemes. This paper proposed a new UFLS scheme used in power systems and industry to maintain stability. Three case studies were implemented in this paper. Multi-stage decision-making algorithms load shedding in the environment of the DIgSILENT power factory platform is developed. The proposed algorithm speeds-up the operation of the UFLS scheme. The load shedding algorithm of the proposed scheme is implemented as a systematic process to achieve stability of the power network which is exposed to different operating conditions. The flexibility of the proposed scheme is validated with the modified IEEE 39-bus New England model. The application of the proposed novel UFLS schemes will contribute further to the development of new types of engineers.
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Hajar, Ibnu, and Muhammad Ridho. "Review dan Resetting Skema Overload Shadding Interbus Transformer 500/150 kV 1,3 Gandul dan 2 Kembangan." Energi & Kelistrikan 12, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33322/energi.v12i1.942.

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Power system protection is one of the most important aspect in power system operation. Power system protection is an attempt to widely prevent the fault over the whole system. One of the power system protection schemes that have been applied by PT. PLN (Persero) to 150 kV Jawa Bali subsystem is Over Load Shedding of Interbus Transformer 500/150 kV. Over Load Shedding scheme has correctly to be set to prevent overload on secondary side of IBT 500/150 kV. Black Out occured on January 2, 2018 at 150 kV subsystem of 1,3 Gandul – 2 Kembangan – Muara Karang is one of the impact caused by incorrect-setting of Over Load Shedding scheme. The purposes of this research are to review the initial setting of Over Load Shedding scheme and to reset it as a follow-up of Black Out event occured in this subsystem. This research uses qualitative method by analyzing the overload points obtained by the simulation of DIgSILENT 14.3.1. This thesis results the new Over Load Scheme setting of IBT 500/150 kV 1 and 3 Gandul those are 3 seconds of pick-up times for the first step and 3,5 seconds of pick-up times for the second step wherein 410,98 MW is necessarily to be shed in 2 steps. Meanwhile, the new Over Load Shedding setting of IBT 500/150kV 2 Kembangan are 2 seconds of pick-up times for the first step and 2,5 seconds of pick-up times for the second step wherein 378,23 MW is necessarily to be shed in 2 steps.
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Hoseinzadeh, Bakhtyar, and Claus Leth Bak. "Centralized coordination of load shedding and protection system of transmission lines." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 29, no. 1 (August 6, 2018): e2674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etep.2674.

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Skrjanc, Tadej, Rafael Mihalic, and Urban Rudez. "Principal Component Analysis (PCA)-Supported Underfrequency Load Shedding Algorithm." Energies 13, no. 22 (November 12, 2020): 5896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13225896.

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This research represents a conceptual shift in the process of introducing flexibility into power system frequency stability-related protection. The existing underfrequency load shedding (UFLS) solution, although robust and fast, has often proved to be incapable of adjusting to different operating conditions. It triggers upon detection of frequency threshold violations, and functions by interrupting the electricity supply to a certain number of consumers, both of which values are decided upon beforehand. Consequently, it often does not comply with its main purpose, i.e., bringing frequency decay to a halt. Instead, the power imbalance is often reversed, resulting in equally undesirable frequency overshoots. Researchers have sought a solution to this shortcoming either by increasing the amount of available information (by means of wide-area communication) or through complex changes to all involved protection relays. In this research, we retain the existing concept of UFLS that performs so well for fast-occurring frequency events. The flexible rebalancing of power is achieved by a small and specialized group of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) with machine learning functionalities. These IEDs interrupt consumers only when the need to do so is detected with a high degree of certainty. Their small number assures the fine-tuning of power rebalancing and, at the same time, poses no serious threat to system stability in cases of malfunction.
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Wang, Heng. "Overload Control Strategy Based on Triangular Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process." E3S Web of Conferences 256 (2021): 02019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125602019.

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After the high-voltage transmission line is cut off due to a fault, the bearing transmission power will be transferred, which may cause overload. If overload cannot be eliminated quickly and scientifically, it is very likely that the line backup protection will be activated, which will trigger chain trip or even blackout accidents. In view of this, this paper proposed a cross-voltage level optimization load shedding control strategy based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Through step-by-step progression in the three indexes of line overload degree, load importance degree, and unit load shedding cost, the lower-level lines of the overload line are selected for optimal line removal, thus achieving the goal of optimizing load shedding across voltage levels.
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Pereira Fe, Luiz Augusto, Alexandre Rocco, Heraldo Silveira B, and Geraldo Caixeta Gu. "Electric Power System Under-Voltage Load Shedding Protection Can Become a Trap." American Journal of Applied Sciences 6, no. 8 (August 1, 2009): 1526–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2009.1526.1530.

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Hoseinzadeh, Bakhtyar, Filipe Faria da Silva, and Claus Leth Bak. "Decentralized Coordination of Load Shedding and Plant Protection Considering High Share of RESs." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 31, no. 5 (September 2016): 3607–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2015.2493101.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Load shedding - Protection"

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Barik, Tapas Kumar. "Modern Adaptive Protection and Control Techniques for Enhancing Distribution Grid Resiliency." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103644.

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Power distribution systems have underwent a lot of significant changes in the last two decades. Wide-scale integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) have made the distribution grid more resilient to abnormal conditions and severe weather induced outages. These DERs enhance the reliability of the system to bounce back from an abnormal situation rather quickly. However, the conventional notion of a radial system with unidirectional power flow does not hold true due to the addition of these DERs. Bidirectional power flow has challenged the conventional protection schemes in place. The most notable effects on the protection schemes can be seen in the field of islanding or Loss of Mains(LOM) detection and general fault identification and isolation. Adaptive protection schemes are needed to properly resolve these issues. Although, previous works in this field have dealt with this situation, a more comprehensive approach needs to be taken considering multiple topologies for developing adaptive protection schemes. The most common protective devices widely deployed in the distribution system such as overcurrent relays, reverse power relays at Point of Common Coupling(PCC), fuses, reclosers and feeder breakers need to studied in implementing these schemes. The work presented in this dissertation deals with simulation based and analytical approaches to tackle the issues of islanding and adaptive protection schemes. First we propose a multiprinciple passive islanding detection technique which relies on local PCC measurements, thus reducing the need of additional infrastructure and still ensuring limited Non Detection Zone (NDZ). The next step to islanding detection would be to sustain a islanded distribution system in order to reduce the restoration time and still supply power to critical loads. Such an approach to maintain generator load balance upon islanding detection is studied next by appropriate shedding of non-critical and low priority critical loads based upon voltage sensitivity analysis. Thereafter, adaptive protection schemes considering limited communication dependency is studied with properly assigning relay settings in directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs), which are one of the most widely deployed protective devices in distribution systems by catering to multiple topologies and contingencies. A simulation based technique is discussed first and then an analytical approach to solve the conventional optimal relay coordination problem using Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) with the usage of multiple setting groups is studied. All these approaches make the distribution more robust and resilient to system faults and ensure proper fault identification and isolation, ensuring overall safety of system.
Doctor of Philosophy
With widespread integration of inverter-based distributed energy resources (DERs) in the distribution grid, the conventional protection and control schemes no longer hold valid. The necessity of an adaptive protection scheme increases as the DER penetration in the system increases. Apart from this, changes in system topology and variability in DER generation, also change the fault current availability in the system in real-time. Hence, the protection schemes should be able to adapt to these variations and modify their settings for proper selectivity and sensitivity towards faults in the system, especially in systems with high penetration of DERs. These protection schemes need to be modified in order to properly identify and isolate faults in the network as well as correctly identify Loss of Mains (LOM) or islanding phenomenon. Special attention is needed to plan the next course of action after the islanding occurrence. Additionally, the protective devices in distribution system should be utilized to their maximum capability to create an adaptive and smart protection system. This document elaborately explains the research work pertaining to these areas.
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Arioli, Fernanda Caseño Trindade 1984. "Analise dos sistemas de proteção e controle de instalações industriais com geradores sincronos durante operação ilhada." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/259995.

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Orientador: Walmir de Freitas Filho
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T11:32:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Trindade_FernandaCasenoLima_M.pdf: 1160331 bytes, checksum: 8645597088992da29acb335423c8dbc4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: Sistemas industriais modernos são instalações bastante complexas com elevado grau de automatização e com capacidade de operar de forma isolada (ilhada) da rede elétrica após a ocorrência de contingências devido à utilização de geradores próprios compostos principalmente por máquinas síncronas e turbinas térmicas. Tais instalações, na presença de geradores, são denominadas genericamente como consumidores autoprodutores. Como muitos desses autoprodutores são conectados em redes de distribuição e subtransmissão de energia elétrica, tais consumidores estão sujeitos às normas técnicas requeridas por essas concessionárias. Assim, a desconexão da instalação industrial logo após a ocorrência de um ilhamento na rede de distribuição é um procedimento obrigatório. Imediatamente após a detecção do ilhamento pelo sistema de proteção da instalação industrial, a rede de distribuição e o sistema industrial são separados (isolados). Esta separação é realizada através da abertura do disjuntor instalado no lado de baixa tensão do transformador (lado do consumidor) que faz a conexão entre os dois sistemas. Então, a concessionária pode realizar os procedimentos necessários para reenergização da rede. Logo após a realização da separação dos sistemas, é necessário adotar uma série de medidas que garanta que o sistema industrial possa continuar operando isoladamente de forma adequada. Basicamente, três ações devem ser tomadas: (a) mudança do modo de operação do regulador de velocidade e do sistema de excitação dos geradores síncronos; (b) implementação do sistema de rejeição de carga e (c) alteração dos ajustes dos relés de sobrecorrente do sistema de proteção da rede industrial. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desta dissertação de mestrado é investigar tais procedimentos e propor metodologias de análise dessas questões previamente mencionadas de forma a obter um melhor entendimento do problema. Com o desenvolvimento dessas metodologias, objetiva-se que os estudos desses procedimentos automáticos possam ser realizados de forma mais eficiente e sistemática.
Abstract: Modern industrial systems are very sophisticated installations with a high number of automatic processes and capability of isolated (islanded) operation after contingences by using onsite generators composed mainly by synchronous machines and steam turbines. Such installations, in the presence of generators, are generically called autoproducers. Since many of these autoproducers are connected to electrical power distribution and subtransmission grids, they must respect the technical recommendations imposed by these utilities. As a consequence, the disconnection of these systems from the grid after islanding occurrence is a mandatory procedure. Soon after the islanding detection by the industrial protection system, the industry and the grid must be electrically separated (isolated) by opening the circuit breaker installed at the low voltage side of the interconnection transformer. Thus, after the separation, the utility can carry out the necessary technical procedures to restore the network. From the industrial system perspective, after the separation, it is necessary to take control actions to guarantee that the industrial system continues operating with quality and reliability. Basically, three actions must be taken: (a) change the operation mode of the speed governor and excitation system of the generators; (b) implement the load shedding system and (c) change the settings of the protection system overcurrent relays. In this context, the objective of this master thesis is to investigate these procedures and propose methods for analysis in order to obtain a better understanding of these issues. With this methodologies development, it is expected that new automatic proceedings can be achieved in a more efficient and systematic way.
Mestrado
Energia Eletrica
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
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"Design and implementation of a special protection scheme to prevent voltage collapse." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2012-03-703.

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The trend of making more profits for the owners, deregulation of the utility market and need for obtaining permission from regulatory agencies have forced electric power utilities to operate their systems close to the security limits of their generation, transmission and distribution systems. The result is that power systems are now exposed to substantial risks of experiencing voltage collapse. This phenomenon is complex and is localized in nature but has widespread adverse consequences. The worst scenario of voltage collapse is partial or total outage of the power system resulting in loss of industrial productivity of the country and major financial loss to the utility. On-line monitoring of voltage stability is, therefore becoming a vital practice that is being increasingly adopted by electric power utilities. The phenomenon of voltage collapse has been studied for quite some time, and techniques for identifying voltage collapse situations have been suggested. Most suggested techniques examine steady-state and dynamic behaviors of the power system in off-line modes. Very few on-line protection and control schemes have been proposed and implemented. In this thesis, a new technique for preventing voltage collapse is presented. The developed technique uses subset of measurements from local bus as well as neighbouring buses and considers not only the present state of the system but also future load and topology changes in the system. The technique improves the robustness of the local-based methods and can be implemented in on-line as well as off-line modes. The technique monitors voltages and currents and calculates from those measurements time to voltage collapse. As the system approaches voltage collapse, control actions are implemented to relieve the system to prevent major disturbances. The developed technique was tested by simulating a variety of operating states and generating voltage collapse situations on the IEEE 30-Bus test system. Some results from the simulation studies are reported in this thesis. The results obtained from the simulations indicates that the proposed technique is able to estimate the time to voltage collapse and can implement control actions as well as alert operators.
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Book chapters on the topic "Load shedding - Protection"

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Chuvychin, Vladimir, Antans Sauhats, Vadims Strelkovs, and Eduards Antonovs. "Under-Frequency Load Shedding System." In Monitoring, Control and Protection of Interconnected Power Systems, 349–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-53848-3_18.

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"Industrial plant load shedding." In Protection of Electricity Distribution Networks, 239–50. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/pbpo065e_ch11.

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Alhelou, H. H. "An Overview of Wide Area Measurement System and Its Application in Modern Power Systems." In Handbook of Research on Smart Power System Operation and Control, 289–307. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8030-0.ch012.

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In this chapter, wide area measurement systems (WAMS), which are one of the cornerstones in modern power systems, are overviewed. The WAMS has great applications in power system monitoring, operation, control, and protection systems. In the modern power systems, WAMS is adopted as a base for the modern monitoring and control techniques. Therefore, an introduction of WAMS is firstly provided. Then, phasor measurement unit (PMU), which is the base of WAMS, is described. Afterward, the most recent developments in power system estimation, stability, and security techniques, which are based on WAMS, are introduced. Later, general system setup for WAMS-based under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) is provided. Finally, the required communications infrastructures are comprehensively discussed.
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Beccuti, M., S. Chiaradonna, F. Di Giandomenico, S. Donatelli, G. Dondossola, and G. Franceschinis. "Model-Based Evaluation of the Impact of Attacks to the Telecommunication Service of the Electrical Grid." In Critical Information Infrastructure Protection and Resilience in the ICT Sector, 220–41. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2964-6.ch011.

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This chapter is devoted to the study of the consequences of cyber-attacks to the telecommunication service of the electrical grid, which is an essential service for the grid control system. It is up to the control system to ensure that even very large power systems are kept in equilibrium even in presence of power contingencies. This chapter considers cyber-attacks of the Denial of Service (DoS) type, occurring while the electrical grid is already facing an electrical failure that requires a load shedding strategy. Using a model-based approach that uses the rich and flexible formalism provided by the tool Möbius, it is possible to investigate the interplay between an attack to the telecommunication service and the state of the grid in a number of different situations and for different characterizations of the DoS behaviour and severity. The formalism used allows to associate a (stochastic) duration and/or a probability to the events happening in the system, so as to take into account the variability in attacks’ behaviour, leading to a quantitative characterization of the impact of a DoS attack to the electrical grid.
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Elmore, Walter. "Load-Shedding and Frequency Relaying." In Protective Relaying. CRC Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203912850.ch17.

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"Stability, Reclosing, Load Shedding, and Trip Circuit Design." In Protective Relaying, 549–82. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16518-20.

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"Stability, Reclosing, Load Shedding, and Trip Circuit Design." In Protective Relaying. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420017847.ch14.

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"Stability, Reclosing, Load Shedding, and Trip Circuit Design." In Protective Relaying, 541–78. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420017847-19.

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"Load-Shedding and Frequency Relaying Revised by W.A.Elmore." In Protective Relaying, 675–97. CRC Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203912850-22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Load shedding - Protection"

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Mozina, Charles. "Undervoltage load shedding." In 2007 Power Systems Conference: Advanced Metering, Protection, Control, Communication, and Distributed Resources. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/psamp.2007.4740897.

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Zhao, Yiming, Songhao Yang, Baohui Zhang, and Ye Li. "Undervoltage and Underfrequency Combined Load Shedding Method." In 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection (APAP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apap47170.2019.9225166.

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Dai, JJ. "Automatic Load Shedding Protection at A Coal-Chemical Plant." In 2019 IEEE/IAS 55th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icps.2019.8733367.

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Rudez, Urban, and Rafael Mihalic. "Trends in WAMS-based under-frequency load shedding protection." In IEEE EUROCON 2017 -17th International Conference on Smart Technologies. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eurocon.2017.8011217.

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Fazaeli, Mohammad Hosein, Mohammad Mostafa Keramat, Hashem Alipour, and Naser Khodabakshi javinani. "New Adaptive Decentralize Under Frequency Load-Shedding Algorithm." In 2020 15th International Conference on Protection and Automation of Power Systems (IPAPS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipaps52181.2020.9375505.

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Hernandez, E., B. Hughes, and J. de Jesús Durón-Mendoza. "Case study: adaptive load shedding in critical industrial facilities." In 15th International Conference on Developments in Power System Protection (DPSP 2020). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2020.0117.

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Chen, Xin, Zengping Wang, and Zhichao Zhang. "A load shedding method for two-area power system." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection (APAP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apap.2011.6180708.

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Allen, Will, and Tony Lee. "Flexible High-Speed Load Shedding Using a Crosspoint Switch." In 2006 Power Systems Conference: Advanced Metering, Protection, Control, Communication, and Distributed Resources. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/psamp.2006.285419.

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Lindahl, S. "Operational experience of load shedding and new requirements on frequency relays." In 6th International Conference on Developments in Power Systems Protection. IEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19970077.

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Mu, Tao, Zhen Wei, ChengHu Gong, and ZhiGang Huang. "Feasible region of under-frequency load shedding and its application." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection (APAP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apap.2011.6180364.

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