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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Loan company'
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1
Donleavy, Gabriel Douglas. "The usefulness of funds flow statements : an empirical study of Hong Kong banks' loan officers' use of published company accounts." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281973.
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Dawody, Paulina. "Kringgående av beskattning av förbjudna lån genom skatteplanering med utländska holdingbolag." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-17445.
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Uppsatsens syfte är att mot bakgrund av införandet av 53 kap. IL och den s.k. X och Y- domen, analysera när ett lån från ett utländskt holdingbolag, kan omklassificeras till utdelning genom en tillämpning av principen om rättshandlingars verkliga innebörd. EU-domstolens dom i X och Y-målet föranledde att reglerna i 53 kap. IL ändrades och gjorde det möjligt för svenska privatpersoner att överlåta aktier till underpris till egna bolag i utlandet utan några omedelbara beskattningskonsekvenser. De nya reglerna öppnade upp för en omfattande skatteplanering genom upplägg med utländska holdingbolag. Genom att låna medel från ett holdingbolag som etablerats i utlandet, har svenska privatpersoner kunnat kringgå låneförbudsreglerna i ABL och därmed undvika beskattning. Under 2009 ändrades reglerna för beskattning av förbjudna lån. De nya reglerna tillämpades från den 13 februari 2009 och innebär att lån från utländska juridiska personer numera ska beskattas. Skatteverket har dock fortsatt att angripa lånetransaktioner som har företagits före denna tidpunkt och hävdat att lånen egentligen utgör skattepliktig utdelning. Principen om rättshandlingars verkliga innebörd innebär att domstolarna kan omklassificera en felaktigt betecknad rättshandling och låta den verkliga innebörden ligga till grund för beskattningen. En omklassificering kan endast göras om en rättshandlings beteckning inte stämmer överens med den verkliga innebörden. Ett lån från ett utländskt holdingbolag borde därför kunna omklassificeras till utdelning endast om lånet kan an-ses utgöra förtäckt utdelning enligt ABL. En samlad bedömning måste göras av samtli-ga omständigheter i det enskilda fallet. Frågan har dock inte prövats i högre instans och rättsläget är fortfarande oklart.The purpose of this thesis is to analyse when, in the light of the X and Y case and chapter 53 IL, a loan from a holding company could be classified as a dividend by applying the principle of substance over form. The ruling of the Court of Justice in the X and Y-case, led to a change of the rules in chapter 53 IL. The new rules made it possible for natural persons to transfer shares in companies at undervalue to foreign legal persons owned by them, without immediate taxation. The new rules resulted in wide tax planning with foreign holding companies. By taking a loan from a holding company established abroad, natural persons could circumvent the ban on credit rules in ABL, and thereby avoid taxation. In 2009 the tax rules concerning forbidden loans where changed. The new rules were applicable from the 13th of February 2009 and imply that loans taken from foreign legal persons should be taxed. However, the tax authorities continue to inspect transactions carried out before this date, claiming that the loans constitute taxable dividends. According to the principle of substance over form, courts are free to reclassify a legal act that is not labeled correctly. Thus, a legal act should be taxed due to its actual substance independent of what form or label it has. A reclassification can only be made when the label of the legal act does not correspond with its real meaning. Hence, a loan from a holding company should only be reclassified to a dividend, if the loan is considered to constitute such disguised dividend according to ABL. All facts need to be considered in the evaluation. The particular question has not been tried by a higher court and therefore the legal position is still unclear.
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Pelc, Milan. "Analýza financování malé prodejny v Jihočeském kraji." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-163939.
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The first part of Master`s thesis focuses on defining the concept of small and medium sized company, a description of their meaning and the possibility of obtaining grants from EU structural funds and from government institutions. Within the options of grant will be prepared and submitted a grant application for a subsidized loan from Czech-Moravian Guarantee and Development Bank or from another entity. The second part of Thesis deals with the business plan. Thesis compares business plan from the franchisor with the reality that arose in building small store in Tabor and its operation in the first fifteen months. Based on the comparison may be designed to optimizing cost outlets of the store. The contribution of this Thesis is to look at a small retail business and it's financing. Such a complex view can help to similar retailers with orientation in the establishment and funding of a similar type of retail businesses. It will also be evaluated by franchise concept Náš grunt in the light of the real picture of financing its stores.
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Peňáz, Jiří. "Konkurenční prostředí v oblasti spotřebitelských úvěrů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222869.
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The thesis deals with individual lending in the Czech republic. Main focus is given to the analysis of consumer loans provided by selected banks and non-banking credit institutions operating on the Czech financial market. Based on the results of the analysis the recomendations for potential consumer credit applicants are given.
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Mlátilík, Ivo. "Podnikatelský záměr." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85937.
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The aim of this thesis is a description of the establishment company "National Investments Company Ltd." and create a business plan suitable for presentation in the banking sector as a part of the loan application. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part explains the main definitions, establishment of the Ltd. company and the correct structure of the business plan. The practical part contains the actual business plan and provides information about the problems of investing in real estate and loan applications.
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Skořepová, Marcela. "Možnosti financování dlouhodobého majetku a jeho posouzení daňového dopadu ve stavebním podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225677.
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There exist many ways how to finance fixed assets of a company. In my thesis, I deal with several types of funding fixed assets and compare them. In the introduction, I describe different types of funding, their advantages and disadvantages. One of the ways of funding is a lease, a loan or renting of fixed assets. The aim of my work was to select the best way of funding fixed assets for the selected company and study its tax consequences.
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Fourie, Michiel Philippus Willem. "Attracting investment into South African property investment vehicles : evaluating tax." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24354.
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South African property investment vehicles consist of collective investment schemes in property (CISPs), also known as property unit trusts (PUTs) and property loan stock (PLS) companies. The application of sections 25B(1), 11(s), 10(1)(k)(i)(aa) and 64B(5)(b) of the Income Tax Act 58 of 1962 (“the Act”) and paragraph 67A(1) of the Eighth Schedule to the Act result in these property investment vehicles being taxed based on their legal form, that of a trust versus a company, rather than on their common purpose. The South African Revenue Service recognised these inconsistencies in the 2007/8 budget tax proposals and proposed that it be reviewed. In December 2007, National Treasury released a discussion paper on the reform of the listed property investment sector in South Africa. The discussion paper is aimed at adopting a real estate investment trust (REIT) regime in South Africa to make South African property investment vehicles more attractive to foreign investors as well as to address the current tax inconsistencies and fragmented regulation of the South African listed real estate sector. In this study, the current inconsistent tax treatment of these property investment vehicles is reviewed, both as to how they apply to the property investment vehicle and to their respective investors. This study further reviews how REITs in selected other countries are regulated and taxed and National Treasury’s proposals as to how REITs applicable in South Africa should be regulated and taxed. CopyrightDissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Taxation
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Rose, Sebastian, and Daniel Kamali. "Does Property Segment Distribution Affect the Capital Structure of Real Estate Companies? : An Investigative Study of the Operational Risk within Different Property Segments and its Effect on the Debt Ratio in a Company." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298079.
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The real estate sector is a capital-intensive industry, where the combination of debt and equity is used to finance the property investment. Companies tend to increase the loan-to-value ratio, to use financial leverage. However due to banks being more restrictive with their lending as well as having different ways of assessing risk in different property companies, there is a belief that the loan-to-value ratio is affected by the property segment distribution in a company. Based on previous research, there are many factors that could affect the loan-to-value (LTV) in a company such as size, profitability, revenue growth and cost of debt. This paper aims to examine these factors, as well as the operational risk that might be visible in the property segment distribution. The study was done through using a quantitative approach by investigating the largest real estate companies in each Swedish municipality. 614 Swedish real estate companies were investigated and pooled into an OLS regression model. Based on the regression, there is enough evidence in this paper that shows that factors such as size, profitability, revenue growth and cost of debt all have significant impact on the LTV. Furthermore, no general conclusion regarding the relationship between property segment distribution and LTV was found in this paper. Although, there is evidence that residentials- and small house units affect the LTV positively while industrial units affect the LTV negatively.Fastighetssektorn är en kapitalintensiv bransch där kombinationen av skuld och eget kapital används för att finansiera fastighetsinvesteringar. Företag tenderar att öka belåningsgraden för att använda finansiell hävstång. Däremot på grund av att bankerna på senare år blivit mer restriktiva med sin utlåning och att de har olika sätt att bedöma risker på i olika fastighetsbolag, finn fog att förutsätta att belåningsgraden påverkas av fördelningen av fastighetssegment i ett företag. Baserat på tidigare forskning finns det många faktorer som kan påverka belåningsgraden (LTV) i ett företag, såsom storlek, lönsamhet, intäktsökning och kostnad för lånat kapital. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka dessa faktorer samt den operativa risk som kan synliggöras i fördelningen av fastighetssegment. Studien gjordes via ett kvantitativt tillvägagångssätt genom att undersöka de största fastighetsbolagen i alla Sveriges kommuner. 614 svenska fastighetsbolag undersöktes och analyserades i en OLS- regressionsmodell. Baserat på regressionen finns det tillräckligt med bevis i denna uppsats på att faktorer som storlek, lönsamhet, inkomsttillväxt och kostnad för lånat kapital har en betydande inverkan på LTV. Vidare hittades ingen allmän slutsats angående sambandet mellan fördelning av fastighetssegment och LTV i denna uppsats. Det finns dock bevis för att bostäder och småhusenheter påverkar LTV positivt medan industriella enheter påverkar LTV negativt.
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Delport, P. A. (Petrus Albertus). "Die verkryging van kapitaal in die Suid-Afrikaanse maatskappyereg met spesifieke verwysing na die aanbod van aandele aan die publiek." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25677.
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AFRIKAANS: Die doel van hierdie verhandeling is om die proses van kapitaalverkryging deur die maatskappy te ondersoek en om veral op die begrip “aanbod van aandele aan die publiek” en verbandhoudende aangeleenthede klem te lê. Om hierdie doel te bereik was dit nodig gewees om op die verskillende kapitaalvorme te let soos wat dit ten opsigte van aandelekapitaal en leningskapitaal voorkom. Daar is in hierdie verband ook op enkele faktore gewys wat die maatskappy in ag moet neem in die keuse tussen die kapitaalvorme. Die regsreëls wat die aanbod van aandele aan die publiek reguleer is geskiedkundig nagespoor om sodoende die doel daarvan vas te stel en ook om te bepaal of daar nog aan hierdie doel voldoen word. Daar is ook ‘n regsvergelykende studie gedoen om sodoende perspektief ten opsigte van die effektiwiteit en wenslikheid van hierdie reëls te verkry. Die drie elemente wat die openbaarmakingsvereistes van die Maatskappywet 61 van 1973 in werking stel is in besonderhede ontleed om sodoende te bepaal of daar enige moontlike leemtes bestaan. Oplossings vir hierdie leemtes is dan ook in gepaste gevalle aan die hand gedoen, met die uitgangspunt steeds in gedagte dat die verkryging van aandelekapitaal deur middel van die aanbod van aandele aan die publiek sover moontlik vereenvoudig moet word om sekerheid ten opsigte van die maatskappy daar te stel. Die teenkant hiervan is egter ook in gedagte gehou, naamlik dat die belegger in aandele die mees effektiewe beskerming moet geniet. Dit het veral duidelik geblyk dat die onderskeid tussen die begrippe “inskrywing op” en “koop van” aandele vir sover dit die Suid-Afrikaanse situasie betref, uitgedien is en dat daar slegs voorsiening gemaak moet word vir die koop van aandele op die primêre sowel as op die sekondêre mark. As gevolg van die eng omskrywing van “aandeel” in die Maatskappywet blyk dit dat daar ‘n aantal prosedures van kapitaalverkrying is wat nie deur openbaarmaking gereguleer word nie en die benadeling van die betrokke beleggers tot gevolg het. Die laaste element wat die openbaarmakingsvereistes van die Maatskappywet in werking stel, naamlik die begrip “publiek”, is in wese ondefinieerbaar as gevolg van die vaagheid daarvan en gevolglik die element van sekerhied by kapitaalverkryging benadeel. Die verband tussen die prospektus en die voornoteringsverklaring is onduidelik en verwarrend veral ten opsigte van die dualistiese benadering wat ten opsigte van aanspreeklikheid vir onware verklarings in hierdie dokumente gevolg word en behoort opgeklaar te word ten behoewe van die belegger. ENGLISH: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the process of the acquisition of capital by a company and in particular emphasis will be placed on the concept “an offer of shares to the public” and matters incidental thereto. In order to achieve this purpose it was necessary to distinguish the different forms of capital as manifested in share and loan capital. The different factors which the company should take into account in the exercise of the choice regarding the various forms of capital are also analyzed. The legal rules regulating the offer of shares to the public are historically investigated in order to establish their purpose and also to determine whether they still achieve this purpose. A comparative study was also done in order to place the desirability and efficacy of these rules in perspective. The three elements which make the disclosure requirements of the Companies Act 61 of 1973 operative are analyzed in detail in order to ascertain whether any shortcomings exist. Solutions for these shortcomings are suggested in appropriate cases but against the background of the concept that the acquisition of share capital by the offer of shares to the public must be simplified as far as possible in order to promote certainty from the viewpoint of the company. Against this however, the principle that the investor in shares should enjoy the most effective protection was also highlighted. It especially became apparent that the distinction between the concepts “subscription for” and “sale of” shares have become redundant in so far as they are applied in the South African experience and that provision should be made for the sale of shares on the primary as well as the secondary market. As a result of the narrow definition of “share” in the Companies Act it is apparent that there are a number of procedures for the acquisition of capital which are not regulated by disclosure and consequently have the effect of prejudicing the investors. The last element which makes the disclosure requirements in the Companies Act operative, namely the concept “public”, is in essence indefineable because of its uncertainty, with the effect that the element of certainty in the acquisition of capital is detracted from. The relationship between the prospectus and the prelisting statement is uncertain and confusing especially in respect of the dualistic approach with regards to untrue statements in these documents and should be clarified on behalf of the investor.Thesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 1987.
Mercantile Law
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Topinka, Zdeněk. "Modelace možných finančních zdrojů na pořízení nemovitosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232841.
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The aim of the works was analyze possible to sources financial resources for financing immovables in Czech republic. Sources were to be surveyed for needs personal living and needs business. In diploma work work are circumscribed individual possibilities, their criteria and their usage. Thesis is tipped modelling situation and her solving.
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Vyskočil, Pavel. "Návrh financování developerského projektu Jaselská kasárna." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222212.
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This work is focused on development issues, the current situation in the real estate market, the impact of economic crisis and in particular to finance development projects through grants and developer, or. mortgage loans. Practical analyzes and evaluates offers banking institutions to finance a particular project. The result is a recommendation for the selection of individual bids.
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Zimmermann, Kristian. "Ultra Thick Laminates for Compact Load Introduction Fittings." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Lättkonstruktioner, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-46730.
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Composites are increasingly often used for thick and compact structures with the clear aim to reduce the overall weight and cost of an aircraft. But classic applications of composites are thinner structures with limited out of plane loads. Analysis and test methods are therefore commonly developed and used for thinner structures and neglect the special challenges involved with thicker laminates. In addition composites are increasingly becoming interesting for fittings and joints since the surrounding structures are either built or being developed in composites a well. Using metallic fitting and joints can cause additional thermal stresses and /or corrosion due to the material mix of composites and metals. Due to the enlarged field of application for composites, there is an increasing demand for suitable analysis, test and manufacturing methods. Compact and highly loaded composite structures are prone to be subjected to high and multidirectional loads. This causes an atypical load situation for composites, which usually are subjected to plane loads to best exploit the strength of the fibers. Due to the orthotropic nature of the material a large amount of design variables are introduced. The design of any composite part is highly manufacturing driven, meaning that the final shape is determined by manufacturing capabilities. Thick composites provide a cost effective alternative and can generate a distinct weight benefit over standard metallic components and hence will a play a significant role in future aircraft developments. Analysis, testing and manufacturing methods have to be developed and adapted for that purpose. A reliable analysis is only possible if accurate 3D material properties are available. Analysis capabilities have to be assessed using empirical test data in order to judge the applicability. The presented work has its emphasis on the analysis and testing of structural components manufactured in thick composites. The generated data from a comprehensive manufacturing and test program is also used as basis for a cost and weight study under the assumption of a highly automized serial production. The results further underline the potential of thick composites. In a first approach, standard 2D finite element methods are used for a topology investigation. In order to fully capture the behavior of the material 3D methods are quickly implemented. An extensive test program with full scale samples and coupons is used to improve and evolve the analysis. An open mold manufacturing cycle minimizes tooling costs and provides optimum flexibility for frequent design changes. A strong link between the analysis, the manufacturing and the design is maintained throughout the developments in order to generate a material suitable design solution. Although the ultimate goal is to manufacture a specific component, the topics are approached as generic as possible in order to provide a basis for future studies with similar boundary conditions. Despite the fact that the material creates countless design variables, an affordable approach for the analysis of thick composite structures is provided using standard 3D composite brick elements. The initial problem of missing reliable 3D material properties is counteracted with tests of full scale sub- components and modified short beam shear tests. A new cure cycle for thick laminates is presented and analyzed to assess process induced stresses and deformations. A large landing gear fitting component is designed and manufactured and can be regarded as an excellent demonstrator of ultra thick composites. With a maximum wall thickness of 90mm, the component provides a weight reduction of 18% and a cost benefit of approximately 20% compared to the metallic counterpart. The potential of composites applied to a compact and highly loaded fitting is demonstrated and suitable analysis methods are established. A need for future tests to provide reliable and generic 3D material properties is identified. To provide a weight and cost benefit it is crucial to find a design topology suitable for composites.QC 20111114
ALCAS
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Kantorowicz, Benjamin. "Le portage salarial." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020094.
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Salariat et indépendance : la contradiction est profonde. En France, le droit du travail a été largement bâti sur l'opposition entre travail salarié et travail indépendant. Or, depuis plus de 20 ans, s'est développé en France un nouveau mode d'organisation du travail dénommé « portage salarial ». Il constitue une pratique contractuelle triangulaire établie entre des professionnels autonomes, une société de portage salarial et des clients. Ce mode d’organisation permet à ces professionnels de pouvoir exercer leur activité de façon indépendante, sans contrainte administrative ni de gestion, tout en bénéficiant des garanties sociales attachées au statut de salarié. Suspecté d'illégalité mais satisfaisant à un indéniable besoin social, le portage salarial devait être encadré. La loi du 25 juin 2008 portant modernisation du marché du travail donne à cette pratique un fondement légal et confie aux partenaires sociaux le soin de l’organiser. Malgré l’existence d’un accord collectif de branche, signé le 24 juin 2010, le portage salarial ne fait l’objet d’aucun encadrement législatif. Face au mutisme du législateur et à l’indécision du juge, l’insécurité règne. Il importe alors d’établir précisément les fondements et le mécanisme du portage salarial. Bien que périlleuse, cette quête d’un régime juridique mérite d’être entreprise afin de répondre au mieux aux attentes et aux interrogations des travailleurs et des entreprises qui seraient amenés à utiliser cette formule. Salariat et indépendance : la contradiction n’est que superficielleThe contradiction between wage-labor and independence is particularly deep. In France, labor law was mainly built upon the opposition which exists between the wage labor and independent labor regimes. However, the past 20 years gave rise to the development of a newsocioeconomic relationship between workers and their employers : the "umbrella company" regime. Such model consists in a three-party-contract involving independent professionals, an umbrella company, as well as a client company. This type of organization constitutes a means for professionals to operate a non-subordinate work environment deprived of administrative or management-related constraints, while benefiting from all the social advantages pertaining to the wage-labor status. Initially suspected of being illegal, yet providing an undeniable social necessity, the umbrella company system requires a specific framework. The statute dated June 25th, 2008 on the modernization of labor market provides a legal framework to this system and assigns trade unions the mission to organize the circumstances surrounding such framework. Despite the existence of an Agreement dated June 24th, 2010, the umbrella company system lacks a clear legislative framework. The legislative branch's silence combined to the judicial branch's indecision triggers off a situation of significant insecurity on a legal point of view. The implementation of clear legal grounds and mechanisms applicable to the umbrella company regime is thus of the utmost necessity. Although such process is synonymous with a perilous quest, it seems particularly relevant to undertake it in order to come up with the expectations and questions of both the workers and the companies. The contradiction between wage-labor and independence is particulary superficial
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Zámková, Jana. "Alternativní možnosti financování provozních aktivit podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264849.
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This master's thesis is focused on the problems of financing of buying warehouse of company which is specialized on domestic and international logistics, stock-keeping, customs declaration and collecting services CS Expres. It consists of possibilities of financing analysis, comparation of proper options of financing, prediction of the interest rate development of 1M PRIBOR till the half of the year 2011, prediction of the cash flows and proposals for optimal way of acquisition of the warehouse.
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Lundblad, Karin. "Intra-group financing : The influence of the parent-subsidiary relationship in the pricing of intra-group loans." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Rättsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-13957.
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This master thesis examines the issues surrounding the pricing of intra-group loans. The main focus of the thesis is the process of establishing an interest rate and the assessment of the credit risk in an intra-group context. In order to expose the common problems associated with the pricing of intra-group loans the thesis has examined case law from two different jurisdictions, Canada and Sweden, which have been put in relation to the OECD guidelines and Swedish national legislation. The purpose of the master thesis has been to determine whether the establishing of an interest rate and the assessment of the credit risk of an intra-group loan should be made taking into account the parent-subsidiary affiliation or relationship and whether or not this is a deviation of the arm’s length principle. A general assumption is that, if a transaction is carried out between related parties, the price could be different from a price deriving from negotiations between two unrelated parties on the open market, due to their commercial or financial relations. A common feature in case law, regarding the establishing of an appropriate interest rate on intra-group loan, has been whether or not the parent-subsidiary should be included in the assessment of the credit risk. Much of the support available to taxpayers in resolving transfer pricing issues are relating to goods and services and not financing transactions. The main reason is the unique economic profile of financial transactions. Financial transactions are affected by different factors why it is difficult to develop usable transfer pricing policies. Establishing economically justifiable transfer pricing policies while attempting to properly reflect taxable income and prevent penalties from international tax authorities, has resulted in transfer pricing challenges that are unique to intra-group financing. According to Swedish law, interest is regarded as a deductable cost within corporate tax. However, in recent cases, the Swedish tax authorities have been questioning, the deduction right as well as the level of interest on intra-group loans. As of today, there are few national and international guidelines on this area thus it is of interest to examine and address the issues surrounding intra –group loans.
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Al-Busaidi, Adil G. "Automatic generation control of the Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) and the Oman Electricity Transmission Company (OETC) interconnected power systems." Thesis, Teesside University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10149/263268.
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Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) and Oman Electricity Transmission Company (OETC) are running the main 132kV power transmission grids in the Sultanate of Oman. In the year 2001, PDO and OETC grids were interconnected with a 132kV Over head transmission line linking Nahada 132kV substation at PDO's side to Nizwa 132kV sub-station at OETC's side. Since then the power exchange between PDO and OETC is driven by the natural impedances of the system and the frequency and power exchange is controlled by manually re-dispatching the generators. In light of the daily load profile and the forecasted Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states electrical interconnection, it is a great challenge for PDO and OETC grids operators to maintain the existing operation philosophy. The objective of this research is to investigate Automatic Generation Control (AGC) technology as a candidate to control the grid frequency and the power exchange between PDO and OETC grid. For this purpose, a dynamic power system model has been developed to represent PDO-OETC interconnected power system. The model has been validated using recorded data from the field which has warranted the requirement of refining the model. Novel approaches have been followed during the course of the model refining process which have reduced the modelling error to an acceptable limit. The refined model has then been used to assess the performance of different AGC control topologies. The recommended control topologies have been further improved using sophisticated control techniques like Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and Fuzzy Logic (FL). Hybrid Fuzzy Logic Proportional Integral Derivative (FLPID) AGC controller has produced outstanding results. The FLPID AGC controller parameters have then been optimised using Multidimensional Unconstrained Nonlinear Minimization function (fminsearch) and Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) method. The PSO has been proved to be much superior to fminsearch function. The robustness of the LQR, the fminsearch optimized FLPID and the PSO FLPID optimized AGC controllers has been assessed. The LQR robustness found to be slightly better than the FLPID technique. However the FLPID supercedes the LQR due to the limited number of field feedback signals in comparison to the LQR. Finally, a qualitative assessment of the benefits of the ongoing GCC interconnection project on PDO and OETC has been done through modelling approach. The results proved that the GCC interconnection will bring considerable benefits to PDO and OETC but the interconnection capacity between PDO and OETC needs to be enhanced. However, the application of AGC on PDO and OETC will alleviate the PDO-OETC interconnection capacity enhancement imposed by the GCC interconnection.
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Geyser, Martinus Fredrik. "A new integrated procedure for energy audits and analyses of buildings / M.F. Geyser." Thesis, North-West University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/414.
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A rapid growth in the national electricity demand is placing an ever-increasing demand on the
national electricity supply utility, Eskom. Projections show that the load demand in South Africa
may exceed the installed capacity by as early as 2007. This is mainly due to the increase in
demand in the residential sector as a result of the electrification of rural and previously
disadvantaged communities. However, the industrial and commercial sectors also have a role in
this increase.
In an attempt to reduce the demand for electricity Eskom has adopted its Demand Side
Management (DSM) initiative. This initiative is aimed at lowering the electricity demand in
peak times through energy efficiency (EE) or load shift, out of peak demand times. Eskom is
implementing the DSM strategy by financing Energy Service Companies (ESCOs) to reduce the
demand load of major electricity end-users during peak times.
Buildings consume a large percentage of the total energy supply in the world. Most of the
energy consumed in buildings is used by the heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC)
systems, as well as lighting. However, a large potential for energy savings exists in buildings.
Studies have shown that up to 70% of the electricity consumption of a building can be saved
through retrofit studies.
However, to capitalise on these opportunities, the ESCOs require tools and procedures that
would enable them to accomplish energy savings studies quickly and efficiently. It should be a
holistic approach to the typical ESCO building audit. A study of current available software
programs showed the lack of holistic tools aimed specifically at retrofit audits, and therefore also
the need for such a program.
The building simulation program most suited to the retrofit study was chosen and it was used in a
retrofit audit. By emulating a retrofit audit with this software, its performance in the field, both
positive and negative, could be established. With the experience gained from the retrofit study,
as well as input from ESCOs in the industry, a need for such a retrofit tool was established.
The simulation program that was tested in the retrofit study is the tool Quickcontrol, as well as
the newer version of the program, entitled QEC. The case study showed that even though these
packages are well suited to ESCO work, they have certain drawbacks in view of the holistic
project approach. The ESCOs require a simple, fast, and integrated procedure for energy audits.
This procedure should be embodied in a software program.
This study proposes a new integrated procedure for energy audits and the analyses of buildings,
in the form of a software tool. This new tool is geared towards the ESCO building audit, in both
South A6ica and internationally. It is designed to enable a diplomate engineer to accomplish a
building energy and retrofit analysis in two weeks, leading the user through all the main project
steps, from data acquisition to writing of the final project report. This is a significant
improvement, since it normally takes 50 man-days for an experienced and trained engineering
team to complete a full building audit.
This tool was used in a case study to test its validity and accuracy. It was found that certain
situations would arise in which the criteria that were set for the program would not be adequate.
The results from the case study were favourable and satisfied the criteria that were set for the
procedure.Thesis (Ph.D. (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.
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Barrett, Emily Lord. "The Investigation and Optimization of a Two-Heat-Pump System Incorporating Thermal Storage for Shaping Residential Heating Load." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3025.
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Portland General Electric has proposed coupling one or more water tanks with two heat pumps in order to perform load-shifting in residential customer heating and cooling applications. By using the water tanks as a thermal storage unit, this project attempts to partially decouple energy consumption from generation to provide peak demand reduction and to better facilitate the integration of variable renewable energy resources. A scoping study was performed to evaluate the potential impact of this project if implemented in single family homes in Portland, Oregon. This study revealed that the system could provide meaningful savings in the cost of electricity to both the customer and utility. Additionally, an optimization algorithm was developed to dictate system operation and to maximize gains to the utility. Evolutionary algorithms were explored in an attempt to increase the effectiveness of the algorithm's search in limited computation time. Ultimately, an evolution strategy was selected as the most suitable based on tests run in winter and spring months. A genetic algorithm was then developed to handle fixed-speed heat pump operation for compatibility with an alpha-system prototype that has been developed by the research team.
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Jönsson, Linnea. "Thermal energy storage systems in an energy company's district heating system : Exploring ways of handling daily and seasonal heat load variations in Höganäs." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Energivetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-29800.
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Nunes, Adão Alberto Blanco. "Controladoria como suporte à estratégia da empresa: estudo multicaso em empresas de transportes." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2014. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3158.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Este trabalho tem por objetivo identificar quais práticas de controladoria podem suportar as decisões estratégicas nas empresas de transportes. Para atender este objetivo, foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso múltiplo em quatro empresas de transportes estabelecidas na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS. As empresas participantes são especializadas em transporte rodoviário de cargas e têm marca consolidada no mercado. As entrevistas e o preenchimento do questionário ocorreram de abril a junho de 2014. Para a coleta dos dados, foi elaborado um roteiro de entrevista estruturada com respostas fechadas, dividido em três seções. Na seção 1, foi elaborado um questionário, contendo as principais práticas de controladoria validadas por especialistas. Na seção 2, foi elaborado um questionário com o objetivo de identificar qual a participação da controladoria na estratégia da empresa. Na seção 3, foram listadas as principais decisões estratégicas utilizadas pelas empresas. Quanto às práticas de controladoria utilizadas pelas empresas de transportes, constatou-se que, entre as 27 práticas de controladoria apresentadas, 16 são utilizadas por pelo menos por uma das empresas, enquanto que 11 não são utilizadas por nenhuma das empresas pesquisadas. Quanto à aderência das práticas de controladoria pelas empresas de transportes, constatou-se que a Empresa 3 tem a maior participação com 51,9% das práticas, e que a Empresa 1 tem a menor participação com 18,5% de utilização das práticas validadas. Analisando-se a utilização das decisões estratégicas listadas na literatura, constatou-se que 75,4% das decisões estratégicas são utilizadas por pelo menos uma das empresas pesquisadas, enquanto que 24,6% das decisões não são identificadas em nenhuma das empresas. Para verificar a similaridade entre as empresas, foi utilizado o índice de similaridade de Jaccard, com o qual se constatou que existe similaridade, visto que, na comparação das práticas de controladoria utilizadas entre as empresas, 83% das comparações apresentaram similaridade superior a 70%. Na comparação das decisões estratégicas, 67% das comparações também apresentaram similaridade superior a 70%. Além disso, os resultados mostraram que 7,4% das práticas de controladoria são consideradas decisivas ou muito importantes para 100% das empresas, e que 14,8% das práticas são consideradas decisivas ou muito importantes para 75% das empresas. Os resultados obtidos na análise dos dados coletados evidenciaram que as práticas de controladoria podem fornecer suporte para a formulação das decisões estratégicas da empresa.
This study aims to identify which controllership practices can support strategic decisions in transport enterprises. To attend this objective, was developed a multiple case study on four transportation companies established at the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre/RS. The participating companies are the specialized on road transportation load and they have consolidated brand in the market. The interviews and the fill in questionnaire occurred from April till June, 2014.To collect the information, was elaborated a structured schedule of interview with closed answers, divided into three sections. In section 1, was elaborated a questionnaire, holding the main practices of controller validate by specialists. In section 2, was elaborated a questionnaire with the objective to identify what’s the participation of the controller on the company strategy. In section 3, were listed the main strategic decision used by companies. As practices of controller used by the transportation companies, we noticed that among the 27 practices of controller presented, 16 are used by at least one of the companies, while 11 of them are not used by any of the researched companies. As the adherence of the controller practices by the companies of transportation, we notice that the company 3 has the major participation with 51,9% of the practices, and that the company 1 has the fewer participation with 18,5% of utilization from validate practices. Analyzing the utilization of the strategic decisions listed on literature, we noticed that 75,4% from strategic decisions are used for at least one of the researched companies, while 24,6% of the decisions are not indentified in any one of the companies. To verify the similarity index among companies, it was used the Jaccard similarity index, on which we notice that similarity really exists, seeing that, in comparison from practices of controller used among companies, 83% of comparisons presented similarity superior to 70%. In comparison of strategic decisions, 67% of the comparisons also presented similarity superior to 70%. Besides, the results showed that 7,4% from practices of controller are considered decisive or very important for 100% of the companies, and that 14,8% of the practices are considerate decisive or very important for 75% of the companies. The results obtained from the collected data in the analyses showed that the practices of controller can give support for the formulation of strategic decisions of the company.
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Beckrich-Ros, Hélène. "Contribution à la caractérisation et à la modélisation de transistors bipolaires de puissance intégrés dans une filière BiCMOS submicronique." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13260.
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L’émergence de la troisième génération de téléphone portable a fait évoluer les usages. Les utilisateurs peuvent désormais bénéficier d’un accès haut débit à l’Internet sans fil ce qui a rendu les services de communication multimedia: visiophonie, MMS, réception de programmes télévisés. . . Cette diversification du mode d’utilisation d’un portable a fait des amplificateurs de puissance des éléments prépondérants pour la transmission de l’information. C’est pourquoi cette étude propose une contribution à la caractérisation et à la modélisation de transistor de puissance RF intégrés dans une filière submicronique. Dans ce cadre d’application, il est important de tenir compte de l’influence de la température sur la réponse électrique d’un transistor bipolaire; cet effet est d’autant plus marqué pour les applications de puissance au regard des densités de courant mises en jeu. C’est pourquoi, une analyse des lois en température des paramètres du modèle compact HICUM/L2 est présentée, ainsi que les méthodes d’extraction associées. Puis, les phénomènes d’auto-échauffement et de couplage thermique dans les transistors de puissance sont étudiés à l’aide de simulations physiques et de caractérisations électriques pour mettre au point un modèle nodal SPICE. Finalement, les transistors de puissance sont caractérisés à l’aide de mesure load-pull en appliquant un signal à deux tons sur leur base. Ces caractéristiques sont comparées à des simulations Harmonic Balance de manière à valider le comportement grand signal du modèle HICUM/L2 et sa capacité à modéliser les phénomènes d’intermodulations fréquentielles.
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D'Esposito, Rosario. "Electro-thermal characterization, TCAD simulations and compact modeling of advanced SiGe HBTs at device and circuit level." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0147/document.
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Ce travail de thèse présente une étude concernant la caractérisation des effets électrothermiques dans les transistors bipolaires à hétérojonction (HBT) en SiGe. Lors de ces travaux, deux procédés technologiques BiCMOS à l’état de l’art ont été analysés: le B11HFC de Infineon Technologies (130nm) et le B55 de STMicroelectronics (55nm).Des structures de test dédiées ont étés conçues, pour évaluer l’impact électrothermique du back end of line (BEOL) de composants ayant une architecture à un ou plusieurs doigts d’émetteur. Une caractérisation complète a été effectuée en régime continu et en mode alternatif en petit et en grand signal. De plus, une extraction des paramètres thermiques statiques et dynamiques a été réalisée et présentée pour les structures de test proposées. Il est démontré que les figures de mérite DC et RF s’améliorent sensiblement en positionnant des couches de métal sur le transistor, dessinées de manière innovante et ayant pour fonction de guider le flux thermique vers l’extérieur. L’impact thermique du BEOL a été modélisé et vérifié expérimentalement dans le domaine temporel et fréquentiel et aussi grâce à des simulations 3D par éléments finis. Il est à noter que l’effet du profil de dopage sur la conductivité thermique est analysé et pris en compte.Des topologies de transistor innovantes ont étés conçues, permettant une amélioration des spécifications de l’aire de sécurité de fonctionnement, grâce à un dessin innovant de la surface d’émetteur et du deep trench (DTI).Un modèle compact est proposé pour simuler les effets de couplage thermique en dynamique entre les émetteurs des HBT multi-doigts; ensuite le modèle est validé avec de mesures dédiées et des simulations TCAD.Des circuits de test ont étés conçus et mesurés, pour vérifier la précision des modèles compacts utilisés dans les simulateurs de circuits; de plus, l’impact du couplage thermique entre les transistors sur les performances des circuits a été évalué et modélisé. Finalement, l’impact du dissipateur thermique positionné sur le transistor a été étudié au niveau circuit, montrant un réel intérêt de cette approcheThis work is focused on the characterization of electro-thermal effects in advanced SiGe hetero-junction bipolar transistors (HBTs); two state of the art BiCMOS processes have been analyzed: the B11HFC from Infineon Technologies (130nm) and the B55 from STMicroelectronics (55nm).Special test structures have been designed, in order to evaluate the overall electro-thermal impact of the back end of line (BEOL) in single finger and multi-finger components. A complete DC and RF electrical characterization at small and large signal, as well as the extraction of the device static and dynamic thermal parameters are performed on the proposed test structures, showing a sensible improvement of the DC and RF figures of merit when metal dummies are added upon the transistor. The thermal impact of the BEOL has been modeled and experimentally verified in the time and frequency domain and by means of 3D TCAD simulations, in which the effect of the doping profile on the thermal conductivity is analyzed and taken into account.Innovative multi-finger transistor topologies are designed, which allow an improvement of the SOA specifications, thanks to a careful design of the drawn emitter area and of the deep trench isolation (DTI) enclosed area.A compact thermal model is proposed for taking into account the mutual thermal coupling between the emitter stripes of multi-finger HBTs in dynamic operation and is validated upon dedicated pulsed measurements and TCAD simulations.Specially designed circuit blocks have been realized and measured, in order to verify the accuracy of device compact models in electrical circuit simulators; moreover the impact on the circuit performances of mutual thermal coupling among neighboring transistors and the presence of BEOL metal dummies is evaluated and modeled
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Černohorský, Vilém. "Sledování polohy s využitím GPS a PDA." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235933.
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This work presents steps in creation of remote position tracking application. Document introduces history of geographical positioning and navigation, and describes development of navigation from primitive utilities to complex radio navigation systems. Global Positioning System is described in more detail including NMEA protocol used by GPS receivers. This work also presents several current navigation applications. Based on obtained information work presents analysis, object-oriented design and implementation of remote position tracking system.
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Van, den Haute Erik. "Harmonisation européenne du crédit hypothécaire: perspectives de droit comparé, de droit international privé et de droit européen." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210458.
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La réalisation du marché intérieur européen par une meilleure intégration des marchés financiers est aujourd’hui devenue une réalité. L'objectif est toutefois loin d'être atteint en matière de crédit hypothécaire, nonobstant de nombreuses initiatives européennes. Compte tenu de ces difficultés et du postulat selon lequel il serait impossible d'harmoniser le droit des suretés immobilières en raison de leur ancrage culturel et national, une proposition alternative consistant dans la création d'une sûreté immobilière commune (euro-hypothèque), venant se superposer aux systèmes nationaux, a été formulée depuis un certain nombre d'années. La recherche analyse dans un premier temps la réalité du postulat précité à la lumière du droit comparé et conclut qu'en réalité, les différents systèmes trouvent non seulement leur origine dans un modèle identique, fondé sur le caractère accessoire de la sûreté, mais ont en outre connu une évolution similaire au cours de ces dernières années. Il apparaît que ce modèle constitue la meilleure base pour toute harmonisation européenne. Après avoir examiné l'interaction avec le droit international privé, sous l'angle de la protection du consommateur, et le droit européen, sous l'angle de la question de la compétence communautaire et du principe de subsidiarité, des pistes sont proposés pour opérer un rapprochement des législations nationales relatives au crédit hypothécaire. La proposition consiste à intégrer dans un seul instrument juridique contraignant (une directive européenne) les différentes propositions permettant d'opérer un rapprochement des législations nationales à trois niveaux :celui de la sûreté immobilière et de la publicité foncier, celui du contrat de prêt et enfin, celui relatif à la procédure de réalisation de l'immeuble.Doctorat en droit
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Kvasnička, Karel. "Mobilní zdroje elektrické energie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413211.
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HONG, ZHEN-WEI, and 洪振瑋. "Equipment Loan Credit Evaluation：Case of H Company." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9rbqkf.
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碩士開南大學
商學院碩士在職專班
107
Because of the impact of external environmental factors on the equipment financing industry in recent years, the related financing industry has increased significantly, but the proportion of bad debts that cannot be recovered due to financing has also increased. The purpose of this study is to explore equipment loan credit evaluation and analyze different background influences are different from the cognitive differences of credit evaluation projects, in order to assist operators to establish standardized evaluation procedures and reduce bad debts and risks in the financing industry. Based on the purpose of this study, two research questions were derived: What is the credit evaluation project for cognitive equipment financing in this study? And are there different differences in the perceptions of respondents from different background factors? This study adopts the expert interview method to design the equipment loan credit evaluation questionnaire. The research object is a equipment financing company. The number of population is 290, and the effective questionnaire totals 244. Share. Based on the results of the factor analysis, the respondents considered that the loan credit evaluation for equipment financing included “repayment ability facet”, “operational status and corporate outlook facet”, and “non-financial risk facet”, a total of 24 items. According to the results of t-test and single-factor variance analysis, there were significant differences in the perceptions of the respondents' different evaluations. Keywords：equipment loan、credit evaluation、factor analysis
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盧金松. "Non-Performing Loan Solution and Management Company Development." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91809129816088486152.
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碩士輔仁大學
金融研究所
91
Financial crises resulted from large amount of non-performing loans (NPL) occurred in the States and Japan and even Korea and southeast Asian countries in the Asia financial crisis in 1997. As a result, many of these countries established NPL-disposal institutes to facilitate the NPL disposal for the financial institutes and to maximize the value of NPL return. Though the NPL-disposal institutes, NPL of the financial institutes could be disposed quicker and with more return value so that the financial institutes could remain their function as capital media for the economy stabilization. The Legislative Yuan of the Republic of China had passed the Financial Institution Mergence Law on November 24, 2000. The fifteenth article of the law provides the legal base for the establishment of private asset management Companies, also called AMC and began the NPL disposals in Taiwan. The first successful NPL transaction was between the First bank and the team made of by Cyberlus and Taiwan securities on March 27, 2002, a deal of one trillion and thirty thousand millions book value. After more than one year, NPL of more than ten trillions were transacted either through bidding or though negotiation, which is a new and quick way of NPL disposal for the financial institutes. However, since there are no big changes in the financial environment and the law system, is selling NPL to AMC a solution to NPL issue? And how does AMC dispose of these huge amounts of NPL? This essay will briefly define NPL and compare the definitions of overdue loans in different countries. Besides, it will introduce the development of AMC in other countries and their NPL disposal process. In this way, we could have a better understanding of the development and the operation conditions of AMC in Taiwan for the past year and moreover compare the disposal mechanism. In the end, it will summarize the practical and legal problems that AMC fronts now and put forward some suggestions for the reference of the authority concerned.
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CHANG, WEN-HSU, and 張文旭. "Empirical Analysis on Loan Risk of the Life Insurance Company." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58118870091047297415.
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碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
風險管理與保險所
90
ABSTRACT After the “Handing Company Act” has been promulgated and enforced, the competition between life insurance companies and banks becomes active.According to the insurance law, the life insurance company can pursue the collateral loan, and mortgage is the main tool of investment.To assure the solvency of life insurance, we have to understand the loan risk and prevent from occuring. This study applies the empirical data of life insurance to realize the default risk and prepayment risk. By using statistical methods,logistic regression and nonparametric ,finds out the significant factors that affect default risk and prepayment risk. The conclusion of empirical analysis as follow: 1.To default risk,the significant fectors are ‘refinance’,’income’, and ’profession’. And this three factors have the positive relation with default risk. 2.To prepayment risk, the significant factors are ‘loan amount’, ’interest’, ’payment per month’, and ‘loan age’. The factors ‘loan amount’ and ’interest’ have the positive relation with repayment risk, on the other hand, the factors ’payment per month’and ‘loan age’ have the negative relation with repayment risk.
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Tung, Shao-yun, and 童韶雲. "The case study of the bank''s loan for purse seine company." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r7npt9.
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Li, Chi-Hsun, and 李紀勳. "Counseling and Cultivation of Credit Loan SlespersonsTake C Company As An Example." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22107NCHU5457069%22.&searchmode=basic.
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碩士國立中興大學
高階經理人碩士在職專班
107
The domestic banking industry''s personal credit loan competition environment in consumer finance business is becoming increasingly fierce. It is necessary to provide a simple or standardized audit mode in order to improve the business commitment, shorten the audit operation time, and then strive for business opportunities. Among them, Telemarketing has a large proportion of revenue in the consumer finance business, so it is important for practitioners to find a sense of accomplishment to enhance their enthusiasm for work. This paper mainly analyzes and discusses the credit loan market site, and then reviews how to strengthen the enthusiasm of employees.
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Wang, Shin-Yuan, and 王新元. "Recovery of Domestic Banks'' Non-Performance Loan Study --Research form Company Debt Aspect." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19142762049910751533.
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碩士東吳大學
會計學系
92
Because of the global and Asia countries recession after Asia crisis, business trend in the country is low and deep now, and the problem of non-performance loan is critical. In recent years, although banks work hard to disposal its bad loan, the finance problem is to survive. This study is to research the recovery condition of the banks in Taiwan, including three issues. First, to calculate the bank loan recovery rate of default company in the country. Second, to research the relation between the company condition and the recovery rate. Third, the relation between default rate and recovery rate. The data resource is from Taiwan Economic Journal（TEJ）. The empirical results of this study are as follows. First issue：The mean of secured loan recovery rate is 37.91％, and standard deviation is 28.85％. The mean of unsecured loan recovery rate is 28.27％, and standard deviation is 28.05％. The total loan recovery rate is 35.55％. The defference between secured and unsecured loan is not far. Total loan recovery rate is not huge. Second issue：The factors of liquidity, finance structure, and paying length of the company reach level of signigicance, but factor of profitability is not. Third issue：It seems that there is no realtion between TCRI and RR.
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DIAU, REN-TI, and 刁仁悌. "A Case Study of Syndicated Loan Strategy on IC Packaging and Testing Company." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7sv9ub.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
財務金融研究所
105
For enterprise to continue sustainable development, financing and use of funds is vital, bank financing is one of the common ways to raise funds for enterprise. Syndicated loan is part of a bank financing tool,it allows enterprise to obtain large scale financing, a lower overall cost and administrate work in negotiating with an individual bank, and syndicated loan is long-term loans, it can improve the financial ratio and beautify the financial statements. Taiwan’s semiconductor manufacturers play an important role in the international market, among the industry, IC packaging and testing companies not only serve as part of the supply chain, they also have the world’s highest productivity rate. In recent years, the trend tends to be for bigger company to expand bigger. In order to stay competitive, many companies continuously to increase productivity and processing rate, hence capital expenditure will soared. In additional to own capital, companies will need to raise funds from capital market or bank loans, and the amount of bank financing is usually large, non-single banks can bear, so the syndicated loan is the IC packaging and testing companies to deal with the common way of bank financing. The methods applied to this research is a case study, we examine the implementation of syndicated loan in helping a Taiwanese IC packaging and testing company recover from a financial crisis through looking into the organization background, motive, syndication process, and analyzing the effect it had brought to the company. The results are summarized as follows: III 1. The financial crisis happened because the company was expanding too fast, and its overseas investment failed to bring in profits as expected. 2. With the issuance of syndicated loan, the company had successfully gone through a financial crisis and strengthening product competitiveness. 3. By financial improvement and gaining the ability to negotiate with banks, the company was able to lower its’ capital cost. 4. Syndicated loan allows enterprises to raise significant amounts of funds and improve financial situation. 5. Financial structure, core competency, and perfect credit conditions are key factors that will determine if enterprises are granted for syndicated loan. 6. Banking industries should play its social responsibility in assisting enterprises with operating values to overcome their financial needs.
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WU, HSIN-TING, and 吳欣亭. "Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Loan to Subsidiary of the Group Company." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/e85a5b.
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碩士東吳大學
國際經營與貿易學系
107
When a group company has a financial crisis, it often causes financial institutions to face significant losses. Therefore, when financial institutions evaluate loans to subsidiary of the group company, in addition to assessing the reasonableness of individual subsidiary loans, avoid over-financing because a subsidiary is a member of the group. At the same time, it is necessary to consider the degree of association between the subsidiary and the group. Assessing whether the operation of the entire group will have a major impact once the groups subsidiary has a financial crisis. This study focuses on the factors that financial institutions consider when lending money to subsidiaries, and use the Delphi method and the AHP method to establish an expert questionnaire, then conduct a questionnaire survey of financial institution experts and subsidiary experts, summarize the main factors affecting groups subsidiary loans. According to the research results, for the bank credit experts, the top three influencing factors are “Group’s subsidiary offers real estate as collateral (land, house) “, ” Subsidiary’s repayment source and degree of control”, ” The degree of the total credit risk exposure of the bank to the whole group”. For the group’s subsidiary financial accounting experts, the top three influencing factors are “The overall operating performance of the group companies”, “The overall financial position of the group companies” and “The operational performance of the Subsidiary”. Therefore, it can be known that for financial institutions, when assessing subsidiary’s loan, if the company can provide real estate, etc. as collateral, it will help reduce bank risk, and in order to ensure that the bank’s loans can be recovered smoothly, whether the company has a reliable and sufficient source of repayment, and the bank’s loan to the whole group are important considerations. For group’s subsidiary, the focus is on the overall operational performance and financial status of the group companies. The company mainly considers the funds invested by the borrowing, can it effectively improve the companys production capacity and performance, and whether it is enough to repay the bank loan. It shows that financial institution experts and group’s subsidiary experts have different opinions when evaluating subsidiary’s loan. Both parties only consider their own interests.
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李佳靜. "Study on the bidding decision of non-performing loan for the asset management company." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31246348482412996557.
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Chen, I.-ju, and 陳怡如. "The case study of the bank''s loan for aquatic feed company." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36467447179403361468.
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碩士國立中山大學
經濟學研究所
101
This research studied traditional aquaculture feed manufacturing industry, A company for the study, A company will be provided with the bank''s internal credit information and credit rating criteria five P comparative analysis, explore the banks of traditional aquaculture feed manufacturing company credit content. This study on aquaculture feed manufacturing enterprise historical development, reinvestment in the company, status and other aspects of business, five P against the current bank credit standards,the results showed that, traditional aquaculture feed manufacturers meet criteria such loans and credit five P object (People) of choice,financing obtained funds, use clear(Purpose),the company provides the core operator for the company to do security, bank debt with protection (Protection), industry stable revenue, as the source of repayment (Payment), with the increase in the proportion of breeding, industry in the future with the development of (Perspective). Furthermore, aquaculture feed manufacturers also belong to the credit rating of the bank credit rating. Except for financial transparency is low,iIndustry''s revenue has underestimated the situation. Limited by the small fish feed manufacturing-related literature,in this study, the relevant information, A company''s internal information provided, fisheries agency, council of Agriculture Statistical Yearbook and Taipei Fubon Commercial Bank for aquaculture feed manufacturers issued by the relevant report and other data-based. From the information provided by the Bank, aquaculture feed manufacturers on the banks of credit and foreign exchange gains and high revenue contribution, so far there is no occurrence of aquatic feed manufacturing industry contacts who have abnormalities credit situation, this research in the bank''s credit aquaculture feed manufacturers the same conclusion.
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CHIANG, KUO TAI, and 江國泰. "Latecomer’s Network Relationship and Market Development-Case studies of Automobile Loan Industry in Company A." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4wm8ch.
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碩士中原大學
企業管理研究所
105
Due to the resources owned by enterprises is limited, they must be able, within current fiercely competitive environment, to size the situation and balance the entire scenario so that they can, through overall deliberation and thinking, make the effective use of resources employ suitable measures of actions, and delineate the blueprint of development. In the past, the entry strategy with later comer to the development of emerging markets has always been the focus of study by scholars, while most of the discussions regarding the advantages owned by later comers hold primarily with technology, cost, labor force, resource, and innovation and other factors, which should act as the crucial factors that change the market to vie over with competition edge. However, this study would mainly investigate how later comers make use of the establishment of network relationship and management in responding to the edge owned by first mover so that they could have strive into the market successfully. In terms of research and design, this study utilizes case study, whereas company A of automobile loan industry in Taiwan is chosen as its subject of research. Based on the aforementioned description, study results have indicated: 1. network relationship is an important way for later coming for market development, and enterprise can, via personal as well as organizational network under trust-commitment foundation, quickly accumulate social capital. 2. Network relationship is tantamount to partnership relationship, which can, from border area and the establishment of second-channel, build up network members, avoiding existing network advantage enjoyed by first mover. Furthermore, later comer can, also, utilize sluggishness and rather not intense awareness of first mover, integrate interest distribution among its network members, and regulate suitable management mechanism so as to formulate partnership relationship of mutual trust and reliance. 3. Network relationship can make use of service provision to resolve problem among network member, play the system of resource role to resolve alternative, upgrade and jointly create commercial profits three respective levels to influence market development. Among all of them, late comer can build up core competence and combine, in full, the destructive innovation and complementary assets to render the niche market diversified, thus taking up the market share.
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Hsiao, Wen-Cheng, and 蕭文正. "Using Grey Decision Making to Forecast Automobile Loan Risk-A Case of C Financing Company." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68pbgy.
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碩士中原大學
企業管理研究所
106
Since 1911, when the government deregulates the commercial bank entry barriers, most of the finance companies become tunneling and fraudulent bankrupt one after another, then turn to the consumer finance. Every finance company tries to reach a higher market share since the financial institution keeps rolling out the new consumer loan products. In order to reach this goal, they started to increase their customer''s line of credit, decline the prime rate, and lose the condition of lending. Until 2005, the dual-SIM storm hit the domestic market, it causes that excessive spread of credit cards and cash cards in general public. Based on this situation, the Bankers Association of the Republic of China drawn up the "Debt Negotiation Mechanism" and negotiate repayment for credit card debtors. Many banks provisioned loan loss, profits turn gain into a loss. The purpose of this study was to draw up a new evaluation model. It can early detection the key factors of overdue repayment, and avoid loan loss. Also, balance the business development and the lending quality, and contribute to financing companies to develop the automobile loans. This research use Delphi Method. Based on the previous related literature, this research collected automobile loan''s risk factor to confirm the key variables. Then, use C financing company''s automobile loan customer''s data as the testing data, and applies Gray Relation Analysis to build up the automobile loan risk prediction model. Then, 68 testing case analyzed with the WEKA(3.8.2 Edition). This research surely confirms that use Gray Relation Analysis in predicting the risk of automobile loan is better than other data analysis methods (neural networks, support vector machine, decision tree, Multinomial Logit). For the case company, react to the current low interest rate of the automobile loan. In this situation, can reduce the bad debts is same as bring a lot of profits to the company. The research contributes significantly to automobile loan''s due diligence. In the aspect of due diligence, this research can simplify the process, and make the risk judgment quickly. For the business, this research can help the frontline employee keep abreast of the key factors of customer performance, and expand the business scope no only fast and accurate but also without the risk. As mentioned above, this research finds out a model of corporate profit.
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Chien, Pi-Ying, and 簡碧英. "A Study on the Relationship of Policy Loan and Cash Surrender Value-T Life Insurance Company." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15273341684119828355.
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碩士逢甲大學
風險管理與保險研究所
98
In the last ten years (2000- 2009), the rate for policy loans used by life insurance companies decreased year by year. If life insurance companies increased the number of policy loans, this could create a stable source of profit. It is also provide policyholders a rapid and facilitate choices when they need funds. This study examines the policyholder borrowers of a certain domestic life insurance company, and , using the methods from related research, performs a statistical analysis on the sample data. Results show a number of factors affect insured borrowers, including age, loan rate, time of year , income level and occupation. In the future, this information can be used to implement effective policy loan strategies for life insurance companies. Experiment results are as follows : 1. A promotional plan should be targeted specifically to policyholders aged 30 or more with high income levels. 2. Policyholders should apply for insurance policy loans for the aforementioned promotional plan through either an agency or and automated service. 3. As policy loan rates influence the amount a policy holder borrows, life insurance companies can fine-tune interest rates to stimulate borrowing needs. 4. Life insurance companies should promote insurance plans during times of financial needs, such as Lunar New year, tax return season, and when student tuitions are due.
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Huang, Kuang-Yang, and 黃光揚. "Study on Residential Mortgage Loan Credit Risk Evaluation Model-Taking a Life Insurance Company as an Example." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03917557202640035270.
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碩士臺灣大學
商學研究所
95
Taiwan government started to deregulate Taiwan financial market in 1990. The direct finance business boomed in recent years, which reduced traditional financial institution’s loan business. In such situation, every financial institution focused on consumer loan business. Residential mortgage loan takes the major part of consumer loan business. Fierce competition occurs due to too many financial institutions. The loan quality became worse and worse. Non-performing loan ratio remains high, which erode financial institution’s profit. To well control credit risk so as to diminish non-performing loan problem is a major task of financial institutions. This research collected 381 residential mortgage loan cases from one domestic life insurance company as research samples. Among these 381 cases, 260 cases are normal payment cases and 121 cases are non-performing cases. This research selected 10 factors based on 5P loan principles, references and the life insurance company’s internal credit guideline. This research uses Logistic Regression Model to conduct an empirical analysis over the 10 selected factors and set up residential mortgage loan risk evaluation model. As a result of empirical analysis, loan amount, loan advanced ratio, annual income, total debt in financial institutions, debt-income ratio, loan tenor, collateral location, guarantor and loan purpose are distinguished. These 9 distinguished factors affect a loan to become non-performing. Result of this research may be used for the life insurance company or other financial institutions to set up their credit risk evaluation model.
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Liu, Chih-Kuan, and 劉志寬. "A Study of Loan Decision with Financial Ration Analysis in Financial Institutions: Case Study of Representative Company." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69417966099403528238.
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碩士銘傳大學
管理學院高階經理碩士學程
91
This thesis aims to determine that how to diagnose enterprise’s financial report for reducing the risks of lending by establishing corporate performance. Lending institutions usually take more than thirty financial ratios to evaluate financial health of a corporation. Twenty-four financial ratios are operated as a representative lending institution and combines with six new financial ratios into this thesis to assess actual financial performance. For evaluating which of these financial ratios are main factors, this thesis studies several companies that had been occurred in financial crisis, to take one, two, and three year in the company’s financial history data are considered. Hereafter, to apply various financial ratios and to assess these financial ratios so as to judge the key financial ratios can predict the impending financial crisis. The results of this analysis in risk evaluation and management are shown as follows: previous year of crisis occured in predictor factors are significance in Total Debt to Equity Capital Ratio, Bank’s Loan to Equity Capital Ratio, Financial Leverage, Cash Flow From Operating Activities / Net Income — Current Year; previous two year predictors of crisis occurred are significance in Financial Leverage, Cash Flow From Operating Activities / Net Income — Current Year; Previous three year predictor of crisis occurred is significance in Cash Flow From Operating Activities / Net Income — Current Year.
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Perng, Ming-Tsai, and 彭明財. "The study of residential mortgage loan risk model--Taking one of domestic insurance company as an example." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8v9ykf.
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碩士國立東華大學
高階經營管理碩士在職專班
96
Abstract Title of Thesis: The study of residential mortgage loan risk modle--Taking one of domestic insurance company as an example. Number of Pages: 65 Graduate School: Chief Executive Master Program in Business Administration of National Dong-Hwa University Category of Abstract and Graduation Time: Thesis for Master Degree, the First Semester, and 2007 Academic Year. Name of Student: Perng, Ming-Tsai Adviser: Dr. Chu, Chih-Peng Abstract The mortgage belongs to one of loan business, its product design, product pricing, marketing, risk control, and management can be regarded as an overall financial institution’s epitome. Through the literature review, we can search for a better risk control method, and summarize the significant factors which affect the probability of delinquency. Through the analysis and verification of samples of the mortgage customers in one of insurance company in Taiwan, we can find out the factors which affect customers being delinquent. The mortgage customers in the domestic insurance company were the object of study. There were 3,079 valid cases in the insurance company from September 2004 to August 2006. We randomly selected the cases and built the Artificial Neural Network model, we conducted the training to the cases we collected, and randomly tested this model’s advantages and disadvantages. We expect that we can find the precise risk factors which reach the warming targets in advance, and further calculate its risk values and economic capital. The best network structure in this research is 10-3-1, the results showed the mortgage interest rate, location, sex, the loan to value ratio, and qualification have the remarkable influences on the delinquent payments. The results showed the incorrect judgment rate is 0.1142 which means the learning capability is quite good, and this tool can predict well
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Huang, Sen-Teng, and 黃森騰. "A Study of Default Risk on Mortgage Loan in Taiwan’s Life Insurance Industry：A Case of “A ”Company." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64105308579423296970.
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碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
風險管理與保險所
95
ABSTRACT The life insurance industry fund mainly comes from the person insured to pay the insurance premium, because itself has the social benefit special education goal, therefore in the law of insurance and so on related law, is equipped with quite rigorous and the explicit limit to its utilization of capital''s standard, will guarantee will honor an agreement in the future the no worries and conforms to the shareholder rights and interests. In sets limit in the investment plan, to guarantee the fund the fixed rentability, mortgage loan then becomes one of life insurance industry primary services, also take house mortgage loan as the core business, for this reason, to will be engaged in the house mortgage loan service, the institute will face the risk to really have gives the forecast and the management necessity of first. This research take the home some well-known life insurance company, in 2003-2004er the year, south Taiwan Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung County and the Pingtong County three areas, the reality receives makes the house mortgage loan material as a sample, returns the pattern and logical Si by multi-category logic Si returns violation of risk the pattern analysis discussion life insurance industry house mortgage loan, according to invests the parameter which the variable produces, the discussion normal household, the violation household and pays off the household three between relative influences ahead of time the values, so as to distinguishes probability of this variable influence.
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lo, Kay, and 羅美鳳. "The Capital Management of the Automobile-Loan Business in Taiwan-A Case Study on P Automobile Company." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88277767864658468707.
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碩士輔仁大學
科技管理學程碩士在職專班
93
ABSTRACT Key Words: Installment, Automobile loan, Capital Management, Loan Overdue, Bad Debt With the social development and evolution, the consumers’ activities of management on finances and consumption have changed. Consuming by loan has been a tendency in current society, such as buying a car in the installment which has become a major strategy for sales promotion. Among the loan-products of consumption, the features of the automobile-loan are high risk and return for some uncertain factors of the accommodators. This paper aimed to build a business model of the automobile-loan, which can monitor the cash flow to prevent the unbalance of finance, which owing to overdue loans and bad debt. In order to realize the automobile-loan business, automobile industry and installment models of automobile-loan have been surveyed firstly in this research. And then, a case had been explored by regressing analysis. The object of the study case, which performs the automobile-loan business, is a subsidiary company of a domestic automobile group in Taiwan. The factors to controlling the finance balancing of automobile-loan business have been found. The factors, such as economic growing rate, loaning rate, bad-debt rate, even age and residing area of the borrower, had been figured out. 1. According the economic forecasting indexes, the amount of automobile market can be estimated, which that can combine the market-sharing rate and the installment rate to calculate the capital requirement of automobile-loan business. 2. To reduce the crisis of the capital gap happening, i.e. finance unbalance, the rate and the quantity of bad debts must be figured out. Though regression analysis, the key factors resulting in the bad debts are found, including numbers of installment, interest rate of loan, and the age of borrowers.
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Li, Youling, and 李右翎. "The Operating Performance of the Financial Sector Loan Department - Take a Financial Holding Company in Taiwan as Example." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x429rm.
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碩士靜宜大學
企業管理學系
101
There is no establishment of bank before the Japanese-Occupied Period in Taiwan. In the period of Japanese-Occupied Period, the government started to set up some banks. Through the reform and create of the decrees, it created the moment of financial liberalization. There is a lot of business in a financial holding company. In the previously reported research, most of them conduct the research on the evaluation of the operating performances of the financial holding companies. However, the related analysis to the specific detail is obviously inadequate. Accordingly, it is hard to discuss and improve the performances of the different businesses individually. It is the motivation of this work to conduct the research on the operating performances of the mortgage business of the lending business sector under the financial holding company. Because there is a highly correlation between the mortgage business of lending business sectors and the development of different cities, the research on the business of a company’s lending sector can be divided into four regions. The input elements are personnel costs, office expenses and mortgage appropriation. The output elements are the number of the approved loan and the total revenue. We use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to do the evaluation. According to the results, the operating performance was ascendant from the first quarter to the third quarter in 2008 and was decreasing from then to the third quarter in 2009. After that, it started to rise again. Based on our analysis, it is mainly because of the Financial Tsunami in America on September 15th, 2008. The Financial Tsunami decreased the willingness of people to buy a house. Accordingly, the performance of mortgage business became worse and worse. However, the company could not adapt to the situation immediately. In the beginning of the third quarter in 2009, the economy started to get better. It also brought up the mortgage business in Taiwan. The company also took actions to adjust to this circumstance. By doing so, the average efficiency stated to rebound. It can be concluded that the environment has huge impact on financial sectors. On the other hand, the inefficiency comes from the wrong allocation of resources. In other words, one uses too many resources but does not get the proportional profits. Finally, we use the results to provide some opinions to each loan department.
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Wu, Ching-hua, and 吳青樺. "A Study on Management Strategies of Intallment Payment in Car-Loan Industry----- The Case Study of One Taiwanese Company." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91439034397080758181.
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Pan, Chun-Huan, and 潘聰慧. "Study of the auction risk on real estate mortgage loan of life insurance company－Example from auction cases of A insurance company in Ping-Tong & Kaohsiung District." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03563829007045858963.
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碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
風險管理與保險所
92
The main purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between mortgage loan risk and 8 security variables. The eight security variables are as follows, security location, the used year of house, type of the house, area of land, area of house, parking lot, amount of loan, and ratio of loan. Also analyze and examine the degree of discharging risk and the rate of principles discharged. when the collateral. is auctioned by the court. To be the reference for the mortgage loan and execution compulsory of the civil court . In this study, we hope to take the auctioned cases from the Ping Tong and Kaohsiung District as examples to analyze and check the risk degree of auction amount insufficience to build the alarm system.in advance The researching method in this study is used the SOM (Self-Organizing Feature Maps), applying the SOM proceed to analyze the risk cluster of the collateral discharged and discharging rate. The eight security variables (detailed items as above-mentioned) are correlation between the degree of discharging risk and the discharging principles rate. Main results found in this study as follows, Aspect of Security location: The rate of principals discharged for the urban area is lower than villages and towns (county) .That is to say, the auction discharging risk is higher in the urban than in the villages and towns. Aspect of the house style: The rate and the risk of principals discharged of multi-storey building residence is lower . Than the Tou-tian buiding .Due to the maintainable price of Tou-tian buiding, the rate of principals discharged is higher; the risk of principals discharged is lower. simultaneously. Aspect of square measures/area of land: The discharging principals risk for the collateral with a larger area of land is lower than the smaller one’s. Aspect of loan amount: The fewer the amount of loan, the higher the discharged principals rate and lower discharging risk Aspect of. loan ratio : The discharging rate of the lower loan ratio is comparatively higher. The discharging principal’s rate of the higher loan ratio is comparatively lower. Owing to the higher loan ratio, that is to imply the loan amount is approximately appraised value of the collateral . Therefore, the auction risk of the discharged principals gets higher.
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Wu, Shu-Hui, and 吳淑惠. "The study of competitive strategy for small and medium enterprises loan on domestic bank.- A case study for a company." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40921689551269165766.
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碩士輔仁大學
管理學研究所
96
Following the openness to financial policies of Taiwanese government since joining WTO in 2002, the bank's business was facing tremendous pressure of competition. In recent years, due to substantial increase in financial institutions, the banking businesses surge, especially the crediting. As a result, the crediting quality slides – past-due loan rise. Through literature review, secondary data collection and in-depth interviews, the research aims to provide strategy analysis for the target company. How bankers deal with transformation in financial environment and financial policy, how bankers demonstrate their own features and thus establish their leading positions in order to compete with SME in the field of crediting are discussed in the research. The research discovers three factors that hinder the development of crediting: first is the decrease in the profitability of the bank and the high overlapping among goods provided by the bank. Second is the high rate in past-due loan. Third is the industry migration which weakens the reach of domestic banks to Taiwanese businessmen. Last but not least, the rate of internationalization is not enough. In addition, the research argues if solutions to these problems could be found, the competitive of the target bank can be sustained. Furthermore, the research provides the following suggestions to bankers: first, the merger among banks should continue. Second, bankers should persistently expand overseas market. Third, bankers should develop e-commerce business. Fourth, bankers should establish risk management. Fifth, bankers should develop new product business.
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Chung-PingHuang and 黃仲平. "The Study on the Evaluation of Credit Risk of Enterprises for Commercial Banks- The Case of A Bank's Loan for T Company." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vg2t8e.
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碩士國立成功大學
高階管理碩士在職專班(EMBA)
103
Recent years, international fund movement and trade develop quickly, which makes the global economic system stay close, so does the financial system, the economic bloodline. Once financial problems happen abroad, it will disturb the domestic financial system because of market fluctuations. In order to ensure banks’ healthy development, build consistent management culture of credit risk; and for promoting credit risk management business of financial enterprises, within the affordable limit, handle credit risk assessment. This study, based on the case of a bank’s loan for T company, discusses the case bank in accordance with enterprise credit financial report to analyze financial diagnosis, and in the established credit evaluation model, how to strengthen credit risk assessment.
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Lee, Chao-chun, and 李兆駿. "A study of the development of mortorcycle loan risk evaluation model by using data mining approaches: a case study of A company." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16328660378233054116.
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碩士國立中央大學
資訊管理學系碩士在職專班
98
Motorcycle loans, lenders and collateral are total current assets to cause the difficulty in grasp of customers, so it will be even more important by rigorous credit review and loan approval process before loan. Case study the company run motorcycle loan business in a long-term period, hope by a scientific and systematic analysis on the case of existing customers as sources of information, to identify related factors from the case base in the past clients have caused the loss of late payment, as the criteria and the basis for levy credit to reduce the occurrence of overdue cases, thus reducing the losses and increase profits and earnings. This research data mining techniques can establish a system of risk evaluation and credit examined mechanism to achieve the purposes of standardized operation and efficiency of process. On loans of credit risk management education and training staff have the basis of the direction and contractors to reduce the probability of default cases. In this study, companies such as the use of SPSS data mining program proposed model (CRIPS-DM) combined with data mining techniques in the classification of credit account to find out the main features of occurrence of late repayment and build prediction models and factors. And to SQL Server 2008 data mining tools provided for the case of real data to analyze the data and build models. The results of this study found that the integrated application of the four algorithms to predict voting comparative evaluation of accuracy and cost is better than a single algorithm.
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Shiou-Chi, Liang, and 梁曉琪. "The analysis of competitive strategies for commercial banks operating loan business in small and medium enterprises in Taiwan -Take a company as an example." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s9hh93.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
企業管理學系管理學碩士在職專班
101
Backers have a major influence on the economical development of the country, and the government always imposes strict controls on finance industrial. From 1991 the government allowed to new bankers to establish, and it lead excessive expansion of industry and other issues. The most important things are industrial structure problems about the small size of domestic banks and Excessive number of bankers, so market conditions are changing from the oligopoly to monopolistic competition step by step, coupled with the recent too many Homogeneity of competitors and the competition between financial institutions business.In addition, because of competitive pricing, the profitability goes from bad to worse. In conclusion, it appears low interest spread of the phenomenon and the high operating risk of the trend in bank industry. There are some factors affecting the development of industry: first to start with there are too many bankers leads to intensely competition.Second interest spread is reducing progressively. third bankers lack of international competition, fourth loan is no indifference.fifth direct finance is prevalent. If bankers find solution to above factors, they can keep on creating superiority in the business and maintaining the status or being ahead position. Finally, we have some advises for the domestic bankers: the first is bankers have to merge and strategic alliance.Secondly, they have to got to be more positive about overseas market Thirdly, innovate and personnel training. Fourthly, controlling risk and sorting data. Fifthly, don’t take price strategy.