Relevant bibliographies by topics / Local anesthetic

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Academic literature on the topic 'Local anesthetic'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Local anesthetic"

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Lim, Jeong Ok, Su Jeong Kim, Roxane Pouliot, and Woon Yi Baek. "Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Local Anesthetics by Liposome Formulation of Local Anesthetic Mixture." Key Engineering Materials 277-279 (January 2005): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.277-279.45.

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Various concentrations of either lidocaine or tetracaine, plus combinations of lidocaine and tetracaine were formulated into liposomes to improve topical anesthesia. The topical anesthetic effects of these liposomal mixtures of local anesthetics (Lipo-MLA) were then compared with those of EMLA (Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics) and single local anesthetic liposomes using a pinprick test on healthy adult volunteers. The Lipo-MLA exhibited significantly improved anesthetic effects compared to the EMLA and single local anesthetic liposomes with a faster onset time of approximately thirty minutes and duration of at least four hours. A dermal toxicity study using rats revealed that Lipo-MLA was safe at greater than 2,000 mg/kg bodyweight.
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Felipe, Bianca, Sofia Chane, Antonio De Mello, and Gabriela Mayrink. "Knowledge of Dental Students in Relation to Local Anesthetics and Associated Complications." International Journal of Medical and Surgical Sciences 2, no. 2 (October 26, 2018): 461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32457/ijmss.2015.013.

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Local anesthesia is the most frequently performed procedure for all dentists and, despite their possible complications, often aspects such as dosage, contraindications and systemic effects are neglected. The objectives of this study are to evaluate prospectively the knowledge of undergraduate students for the technical, dosage and indication of local anesthetics in daily dental practice, in addition to clinical observation of possible complications from anesthesia. Questionnaires were distributed to students asking about the procedure undertaken, anesthetic volume used, because of the choice of the anesthetic, anesthetic dosage calculation, habit of relating the patient's weight dosage with the dosage being applied, habit of observing the reflux in cartridge in the anesthetic infiltration act and adverse effects on patients, type of anesthetic technique performed and expected time to onset of action of the drug. At the end of this study, we intend to be a greater awareness of students (undergraduates) about the systemic effects of local anesthetics in patients, and possibly decrease the expenses of the institution with excessive use of anesthetic cartridges arising from incorrect anesthetic technique. The vast majority of undergraduate students have no knowledge about the type of anesthesia to be used, the amount to be administered and the anesthetic action time. The awareness of students about the dosage of anesthetics and their systemic problems, reduces waste and the cost of the institution by the indiscriminate use of anesthetics, therebycontributing to improve the clinical management of students at graduation.
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Schutte, Soleil S., and Tammy Euliano. "Local anesthetic resistance in a Crohn’s patient undergoing cesarean delivery." Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 45, no. 8 (May 23, 2020): 669–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2020-101516.

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IntroductionPatient resistance to local anesthetics is rarely considered as the cause of regional anesthesia failure.Case reportWe report a case of resistance to local anesthetics in a patient with Crohn’s disease who underwent cesarean section under continuous spinal anesthesia.DiscussionResistance to local anesthetics may be more common than we think, especially among patients with chronic pain. Providers should consider local anesthetic resistance when regional anesthesia is unsuccessful. Further research is needed to determine if skin wheal tests and/or a different local anesthetic could improve results.
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Eggleston, Steven T., and Lori W. Lush. "Understanding Allergic Reactions to Local Anesthetics." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 30, no. 7-8 (July 1996): 851–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809603000724.

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OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacology and mechanisms by which local anesthetics cause allergic reactions. Recommendations concerning appropriate use of local anesthetics and alternative therapies in patients with documented local anesthetic allergies are given. DATA SOURCE: A MEDLINE search of the English-language literature identified pertinent clinical studies, case reports, and reviews. The periods of review were Med1, 1990-present; and Med2, 1985-1989, using the MeSH terms drug hypersensitivity and anesthetics. References from the selected studies, case reports, and reviews were reviewed. STUDY SELECTION: Controlled and uncontrolled prospective studies and case reports pertaining to local anesthetic allergies were reviewed. The selection focused on information pertaining to the etiology and diagnosis of allergic reactions to local anesthetics and alternative therapies for patients with local anesthetic allergies. DATA SYNTHESIS: Local anesthetics are classified as either ester or amide compounds. Esters are associated with a higher incidence of allergic reactions, due to a p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) metabolite. Amide agents do not undergo such metabolism. However, preservative compounds (methylparaben) used in the preparation of amide-type agents are metabolized to PABA. Patients who are allergic to ester local anesthetics should be treated with a preservative-free amide local anesthetic. If the patient is not allergic to ester local anesthetics, these agents may be used in amide-sensitive patients. In the rare instance that hypersensitivity to both ester and amide local anesthetics occurs, or if skin testing cannot be performed, then alternative therapies including diphenhydramine, opioids, general analgesia, or hypnosis can be used. CONCLUSIONS: A true immunologic reaction to a local anesthetic is rare. Intradermal skin testing of local anesthetic compounds, methylparaben, and metabisulfite should be performed in patients when a thorough history does not rule out a possible allergic reaction to local anesthetics and future local anesthesia is necessary. Skin testing enables the clinician to identify autonomic responses to minor surgical procedures and toxic reactions to anesthetics so that patients are not incorrectly labeled as “caine” allergic. Diphenhydramine can be used as an alternative to ester and amide local anesthetics in minor procedures of short duration.
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Deepti, V. "RECENT ADVANCES IN LOCAL ANESTHESIA - OVERVIEW." CODS Journal of Dentistry 3, no. 2 (2011): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/cods-3-2-34.

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ABSTRACT The local anesthetic drugs presently available and used in dentistry represent the safest and most effective drugs in all of medicine for the prevention and management of pain. One drawback associated with intraoral local anesthesia is patients’ fear of injections .and the perception that these are painful. Recent advances have resulted in the use of computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery vehicles to regulate the delivery and rate of flow of local anesthetics at the injection site, lessening potential discomfort associated with injections. New injection techniques that provide reliable anesthesia, depending on the technique and area of anesthesia necessary have been discussed.
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Bendgude, Vikas, Hrishikesh Walimbe, Mohammed Nadeem Ahmed Bijle, Sneha Muchandi, Rahul Deshpande, Arti Dolas, and Shrishti Chaturvedi. "Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Topical Anesthetics in Reducing Pain during Administration of Injectable Local Anesthesia in Children." World Journal of Dentistry 5, no. 2 (2014): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1273.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Pain control is an integral part of modern dentistry. Needle injection of local anesthetic which is the commonest modality of pain control itself proves to be painful for the child. Hence, it is important for the pediatric dentists to resort to a pain free method of administering local anesthesia for a patient. Topical anesthetics have proven to reduce the pain experience during administration of local anesthetic injection. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two topical anesthetic agents—EMLA 5% cream (Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics—Lignocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) and Benzocaine 20% gel in reducing the pain during administration of local anesthetic injection in children. Materials and methods EMLA 5% cream and Benzocaine 20% gel were used in the study. Children from mixed dentition age group between 6 and 9 years of age were selected. The two selected topical anesthetics were applied on buccal mucosa at two different appointments in a given child, following which the local anesthetic was administered on the test site. The pain responses of the child were evaluated using the Wong Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. The results were then statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney U-test. Results EMLA 5% cream was three times highly effective in pain reduction than Benzocaine 20% gel. Conclusion EMLA 5% cream is comparatively better than benzocaine 20% gel with regards to pain reduction during the administration of local anesthetic injection in children. How to cite this article Walimbe H, Muchandi S, Bijle MNA, Bendgude V, Deshpande R, Dolas A, Chaturvedi S. Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Topical Anesthetics in Reducing Pain during Administration of Injectable Local Anesthesia in Children. World J Dent 2014;5(2):129-133.
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Tadin, Antonija, Klaudia Aleric, Daniel Jerkovic, and Lidia Gavic. "Knowledge, Practice and Self-Reported Confidence Level of Croatian Dentists in the Use of Local Anesthesia: A Cross-Sectional Study." Healthcare 11, no. 14 (July 12, 2023): 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11142006.

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Objectives: To provide safe and effective local anesthesia, dentists must have knowledge of neuroanatomy, anesthesia agents, techniques, equipment, and proper use of local anesthetics. This study aims to explore the knowledge, practices, and confidence regarding local anesthetics and anesthetic techniques in dentistry. Material and Methods: The online cross-sectional questionnaire was conducted via social media, and yielded 441 responses from across the country (69.8% women and 30.2% men; 70.7% general dentists; and 29.3 specialists). The data collected included sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, and practices pertaining to the usage of local anesthesia. The questionnaire also documents their self-assessed confidence level in applying different local anesthetic techniques and experiences with adverse reactions. The obtained data were processed by description and using a generalized linear model for regression. Results: The respondents had a median knowledge score of 6 out of a possible 14 points regarding local anesthetics in dental medicine, and their median self-confidence level in the successful application of various techniques of local anesthesia was 54 out of a maximum of 85 points. The results showed that a higher knowledge level was associated with the female gender (OR 1.83, CI 1.13–2.98, p = 0.014) and specialization in oral surgery (OR 7.04, CI 1.71–29.07, p = 0.007). In contrast, a lack of confidence in using various local anesthetic techniques was also associated with the female gender (OR 0.63, CI 0.41–0.99, p = 0.047) and specialization in orthodontics (OR 0.16, CI 0.03–0.88, p = 0.035). Of the respondents, 81.4% (n = 371) experienced a local complication, and 42.2% (n = 186) experienced a systemic complication during local anesthesia. The complications experienced cannot be associated with a lack of knowledge or self-confidence (p > 0.05). The majority of respondents (364 of the 441 total—82.5%) expressed interest in receiving further education on the topic of local anesthesia. Conclusions: The research results show that the dentists involved in the study have poor knowledge of local anesthetics and moderate self-reported confidence levels in using various local anesthetic techniques. Moreover, dentists’ self-confidence in applying different techniques of local anesthesia is not related to their knowledge. Therefore, it would be necessary for dentists to undergo a continuing dental education program that enables them to enhance their skills and knowledge in local anesthesia.
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Yagiela, John A. "Local Anesthetics: A Century of Progress." Anesthesia Progress 67, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2344/0003-3006-67.4.235.

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Summary One century after the clinical introduction of cocaine, local anesthesia remains the most important method of pain control in dentistry. Many local anesthetics have been marketed since 1884, and it is likely that attempts to produce drugs that enhance anesthetic efficacy, reduce systemic and local toxicity, and increase nociceptive selectivity, will continue. In addition, new methods of drug administration have been and will be developed to achieve these goals. Of fundamental importance to such improvements are investigations into the pharmacology of drugs with local anesthetic activity and anatomical and physiologic studies pertaining to the reasons why local anesthetics sometimes fail to achieve desired results. This paper reviews recent advances in our understanding of these drugs and their clinical use.
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Raut Dessai, Saiesh, Sanjot Ninave, Amol Bele, and Nitin Alaspukar. "To assess the efficacy of injection nalbuphine as an adjuvant to intrathecal bupivacaine in endoscopic urological surgeries for prolongation of postoperative analgesia." F1000Research 12 (May 4, 2023): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.133274.1.

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Spinal anesthesia has a quicker onset of action and completely blocks all motor functions. It requires less local anesthetic and has a reduced rate of failed blocks hence the preferred anesthetic method for lower abdomen procedures is spinal anesthesia. Intrathecal local anesthetics benefit from adjuvant medications by extending postoperative analgesia and thus improving the sensory blockade's duration and quality. Intrathecal opioids and local anesthetics work together synergistically to increase the sensory block while decreasing the sympathetic block. Adjuvants to local anesthetics for intrathecal administration have certain benefits, including lowered local anesthetic medication dose, improved hemodynamic stability, and fewer adverse effects. The opioid medication nalbuphine has a kappa agonist and mu antagonist action that reduces pain without having many negative side effects. It acts on opoid receptor as both an agonist and an antagonist to offer visceral nociception with a moderately powerful analgesic. Almost all general anesthesia and regional anesthesia treatments employ it. To cause analgesia, nalbuphine adheres to k receptors. Perioperative analgesia is also improved when administered as an adjuvant to bupivacaine. It is a hybrid which has both agonist and antagonist actions that increases and attenuates the effects of -opioids. Numerous researchers have investigated the properties of intrathecal nalbuphine. This study's objective to determine the efficacy of injectable nalbuphine as an augmentation to intrathecal bupivacaine in endoscopic urological surgeries to extend post operative analgesia.
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Mujtaba, Mustafa G., Peter Gerner, and Ging Kuo Wang. "Local Anesthetic Properties of Prenylamine." Anesthesiology 95, no. 5 (November 1, 2001): 1198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200111000-00025.

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Background Local anesthetics that produce analgesia of long duration with minimal impairment of autonomic functions are highly desirable for pain management in the clinic. Prenylamine is a known calcium channel blocker, but its local anesthetic blocking effects on voltage-gated sodium channels have not been studied thus far. Methods The authors characterized the tonic and use-dependent prenylamine block of native Na(+) channels in cultured rat neuronal GH3 cells during whole cell voltage clamp conditions and the local anesthetic effect of prenylamine by neurologic evaluation of sensory and motor functions of sciatic nerve during neural block in rats. Results Prenylamine elicits both use-dependent block of Na(+) channels during repetitive pulses (3 microm prenylamine produced 50% block at 5 Hz) and tonic block for both resting and inactivated Na(+) channels. The 50% inhibitory concentration for prenylamine was 27.6 +/- 1.3 microm for resting channels and 0.75 +/- 0.02 microm for inactivated channels. Furthermore, in vivo data show that 10 mm prenylamine produced a complete sciatic nerve block of motor function, proprioceptive responses, and nociceptive responses that lasted approximately 27, 34, and 24 h, respectively. Rats injected with 15.4 mm bupivacaine, a known local anesthetic currently used for pain management, had a significantly shorter duration of blockade (< 2 h) compared with rats injected with prenylamine. Conclusions The data presented here demonstrate that prenylamine possesses local anesthetic properties in vitro and elicits prolonged local anesthesia in vivo.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Local anesthetic"

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Hollmann, Markus W. "Local anesthetic interactions with G protein-coupled receptor signaling." Aachen : Maastricht : Shaker ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 2001. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=7012.

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Pereira, Leandro Augusto Pinto 1976. "Eficácia anestésica e efeitos cardiovasculares das soluções de articaína 4% com epinefrina 1:100.000 ou 1:200.000 administradas pela técnica intraóssea para o tratamento endodôntico de molares inferiores com pulpite irreversível sintomática." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289407.

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Orientadores: José Ranali, Rogério Heládio Lopes Motta
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T06:40:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pereira_LeandroAugustoPinto_M.pdf: 2346119 bytes, checksum: 1ae13762ef6c594e6efc8221c85c9630 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: Introdução: A rápida absorção dos vasoconstritores administrados pela anestesia intraóssea pode aumentar a frequência cardíaca. As soluções com baixa concentração de epinefrina (1:200.000) não foram totalmente estudadas para injeção intraóssea. Método: Este estudo prospectivo, randomizado, duplo-cego comparou os efeitos cardiovasculares e a eficácia anestésica de 0.9mL de Articaína 4% com epinefrina 1:100.000 (EPI100) ou Articaína 4% com epinefrina 1:200.000 (EPI200). Ambas as soluções foram injetadas intraóssea para o tratamento endodôntico de molares inferiores com pulpite irreversível sintomática em 60 pacientes. Os parâmetros cardiovasculares avaliados foram, frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial não invasiva diastólica e sistólica, oximetria de pulso e eletrocardiograma durante todo o tratamento endodôntico. O sucesso anestésico e a dor durante a anestesia foram avaliados pela ausência de dor durante o tratamento e por escala visual analógica. Resultados: O tempo médio para realização de todo o procedimento foi de 90.4±18.6 minutos. Ambas soluções proporcionaram um alto índice de eficácia anestésica (96.8% e 93.1%, respectivamente para EPI100 e EPI200) para a realização do tratamento endodôntico em sessão única sem dor. Não houve diferença significante (p>0.05) nos efeitos cardiovasculares entre as soluções. Conclusões: Soluções anestésicas com concentração baixa de epinefrina (1:200.000) associada a baixa velocidade de injeção (0.45mL/min), devem ser a primeira escolha para a utilização com a técnica intraóssea no tratamento de molares inferiores com pulpite irreversível sintomática.
Abstract: Introduction: The fast absorption of adrenergic vasoconstrictors delivered by intraosseous anesthesia (IO) may increase the heart rate. Anesthetic solutions with lower concentration of epinephrine (1:200.000) have not been fully studied for IO injection. Methods: This prospective, randomized, double-blind study compared the cardiovascular effects and the anesthetic efficacy of 0.9 mL of 4% articaine with 1:100.000 epinephrine (EPI100) or 4% articaine with 1:200.000 epinephrine (EPI200). Both solutions were intraosseously injected for endodontic treatment of mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in 60 patients. The cardiovascular parameters evaluated were heart rate, non-invasive diastolic/systolic blood pressure, pulse oximetry and electrocardiogram throughout the endodontic treatment. The anesthetic success and pain during anesthesia were evaluated by absence of pain during the endodontic treatment and by visual analogue scale. Results: The average time to complete the whole procedure was 90.4±18.6 minutes. Both solutions provided high anesthetic efficacy (96.8% and 93.1%, respectively for EPI100 and EPI200) for painless single-visit endodontic treatment. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in cardiovascular effects between the solutions. Conclusions: Epinephrine in low concentration (1:200.000) along with slow speed of injection (0.45 mL/min), should be the first choice for intraosseous technique in endodontic treatment of mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.
Mestrado
Farmacologia, Anestesiologia e Terapeutica
Mestre em Odontologia
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Chernoff, Daniel Michael. "Kinetics of local anesthetic binding to sodium channels : role of pKa̳." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29203.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard University--Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Program in Medical Engineering and Medical Physics, 1989.
On t.p. "a" is subscript.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 165-175).
by Daniel Michael Chernoff.
Ph.D.
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Murakami, Victor Oliveira. "Desenvolvimento e caracterização físico-química de um sistema de liberação controlada da hialuronidase incluída em hidroxipropil--ciclodextrina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23147/tde-16012013-110440/.

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A hialuronidase é uma enzima que vem sendo utilizada como adjuvante anestésico na oftalmologia há décadas para melhorar a eficácia anestésica, por aumentar a difusão do anestésico para o nervo. Na odontologia, quando foi injetada concomitantemente ao anestésico local em bloqueio pterigomandibular, reduziu a duração da anestesia e causou trismo, pois no momento inicial da anestesia ainda havia provavelmente muito anestésico no sítio da injeção, dispersando-o para tecidos adjacentes. Entretanto, em outro protocolo, a enzima foi injetada em outro momento, antes do término do efeito anestésico e, não induziu efeitos adversos e ainda aumentou a duração de ação, provavelmente, por difundir apenas o anestésico remanescente para o nervo. A fim de evitar uma nova puntura para injetar a hialuronidase, a enzima poderia ser incorporada a um carreador, que modularia a sua liberação tardiamente, simulando o protocolo anterior. O desenvolvimento desse sistema de liberação controlada da enzima, a ser futuramente associada aos anestésicos locais visa ainda diminuir a dose necessária para o bloqueio completo, diminuindo assim o risco de toxicidade sistêmica. Este estudo laboratorial teve por objetivo desenvolver o complexo de inclusão utilizando a como carreador da hialuronidase, uma ciclodextrina, a hidroxipropil--xtrina, formando o complexo de inclusão hialuronidase:hidroxipropil--ciclodextrina, em duas proporções molares, 1:1 e 2:1. Neste estudo ainda foram avaliadas as características físico-químicas dos componentes a fim de verificar se havia interação entre as moléculas. Após o preparo, a análise físico-química das substâncias foi realizada utilizando os seguintes métodos: espectroscopia na região do Infravermelho com transformada de Fourier, análise térmica, ressonância magnética nuclear, além da análise morfológica (por MEV). Mudanças observadas na espectroscopia na região do infravermelho e na calorimetria diferencial exploratória indicam interação molecular entre a hialuronidase e a hidroxipropil --ciclodextrina, em ambas razões molares, como sugerem o aspecto morfológico do complexo.
Hyaluronidase is an enzyme that has been used as an adjuvant anesthetic in ophthalmology for decades to improve the effectiveness of anesthesia by increasing the diffusion of the anesthetic to the nerve. In dentistry, when it was injected concomitantly with local anesthetic in inferior alveolar nerve blockade, reduced the duration of anesthesia and caused trismus, because in the initial moment of anesthesia there was probably a lot of anesthetic in the injection site, spreading it to adjacent tissues. However, in another protocol, the enzyme was injected later, before the regression of the anesthetic effect and did not induce adverse effects, and also increased the duration of action, probably by spreading only the remaining anesthetic to the nerve. In order to avoid another puncture to inject hyaluronidase, the enzyme could be incorporated into a carrier, which modulates its release later, simulating the previous protocol, while maintaining its benefits. The development of such controlled release system of the enzyme, to be in the future associated to local anesthetics, also designed to decrease the dose required to obtain the complete block, thus reducing the risk of systemic toxicity. This laboratory study aimed to develop the inclusion complex using as carrier to hyaluronidase, a cyclodextrin, the hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin forming hyaluronidase : hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin inclusion complex, in both molar ratios 1:1 and 2:1. This study also evaluated the physico-chemical characteristics in order to ascertain whether there was interaction between the molecules. After being prepared, the physical-chemical analysis of the substances was performed using the following methods: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance (RMR), besides the morphological analysis by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Changes observed in infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry indicate molecular interaction between hyaluronidase and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, in both molar ratios, as suggested by the morphological aspect of the complex.
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Carvalho, Carolina de. "Análise funcional do bloqueio ciático em ratos com lidocaína associada à hialuronidase em complexação com hidroxipropil - ß-ciclodextrina e citotoxicidade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23147/tde-06082014-142508/.

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O uso da enzima hialuronidase como adjuvante do anestésico local está consagrado em oftalmologia, por melhorar a eficácia anestésica devido ao seu efeito difusor de fármacos, ocasionado pela quebra temporária do hialuronan (ácido hialurônico) que é o principal constituinte de tecidos conectivos. Em odontologia, a utilização da enzima como adjuvante no bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior não apresentou vantagens quando injetada concomitante ao anestésico local, resultando em dor e trismo. Entretanto, com a utilização de um novo protocolo onde a aplicação da hialuronidase ocorria aos 30 min do início da anestesia, prolongou o efeito anestésico e sem ocorrência de efeitos adversos. Este protocolo oferecia a vantagem de evitar complementação anestésica reduzindo os riscos de toxicidade local e sistêmica, porém ainda havia a desvantagem da necessidade de uma nova puntura para aplicação da enzima. Surgiu a hipótese de se manter os benefícios desse protocolo com o uso da hialuronidase, de prolongar a duração da ação anestésica, injetando-a concomitantemente ao anestésico local, porém estando a enzima em um sistema de liberação lenta. Deste modo, a hialuronidase (75 UTR/ml) foi incorporada a uma nanopartícula, a hidroxipropil- ß-ciclodextrina, que atrasaria sua biodisponibilidade e simularia o protocolo da injeção antes do término da ação anestésica. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a eficácia do complexo de inclusão hialuronidase: hidroxipropil- ß-ciclodextrina injetado concomitantemente ao anestésico local, em prolongar a duração de ação do bloqueio nervoso funcional, a fim de oferecer uma alternativa futura de solução anestésica em procedimentos clínicos demorados ou para o alívio de dor, principalmente, em pacientes com comprometimento sistêmico cuja utilização de vasoconstritor adrenérgico ou anestésico de ação prolongada esteja contraindicada. Também foi avaliada a citotoxicidade do novo sistema carreador, o complexo de inclusão hialuronidase: hidroxipropil- ß-ciclodextrina. O bloqueio funcional sensitivo, motor e proprioceptivo do nervo ciático de ratos foi avaliado através de reflexo de retirada da pata e pinçamento, reflexo extensor tibiotarsal e claudicação, e resposta de salto. A citotoxicidade foi avaliada através do teste contagem por Azul de Tripan em fibroblastos e de hemólise em eritrócitos, ambos de rato. Os grupos onde o complexo de inclusão hialuronidase: hidroxipropil- ß-ciclodextrina foi injetado concomitantemente ao anestésico local apresentaram aumento significativo em comparação a todos os demais. O complexo de inclusão não se apresentou citotóxico, mas quando associado à lidocaína, manteve a citotoxicidade desta. Nenhum efeito hemolítico foi observado nas concentrações utilizadas para enzima, o complexo de inclusão e para a lidocaína.
The use of hyaluronidase as an adjuvant to local anesthetic is established in ophthalmology anesthesia to improve the effect of the drugs due to its spreading effect caused by a temporary break of hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid), which is the main component of connective tissue. In dentistry, the use of the enzyme as adjuvant in inferior alveolar nerve blockade was not advantageous when injected concomitantly with local anesthetic, resulting in pain and trismus. However, when the enzyme was injected before the end of nervous block, the anesthetic effect was extended and had no adverse effects. This protocol offered the advantage of avoiding anesthetic supplementation and reduces the risk of local and systemic toxicity, but there was still the disadvantage of receiving a new puncture to inject the enzyme. It has been hypothesized to maintain the benefits of this protocol with the use of hyaluronidase, to extend the duration of anesthetic action, injecting the hyaluronidase concomitantly with the local anesthetic, but the enzyme should be in a slow release system. Thus, hyaluronidase (75 TRU/ml) was incorporated into a nanoparticle, hydroxypropyl- ß-cyclodextrin, which would delay its bioavailability and simulate the protocol of the injection before the end of anesthetic action. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of inclusion complex hyaluronidase: hydroxypropyl- ß- cyclodextrin injected concomitantly with the local anesthetic to extend the duration of action of functional nervous block, to offer a future alternative of anesthetics to the clinical prolonged procedures or to relieve the pain, mainly in patients with systemic compromising whose the use of adrenergic vasoconstrictor or long-acting anesthetic are contraindicated. The cytotoxicity of the inclusion complex hyaluronidase: hydroxypropyl- -cyclodextrin was also evaluated. The nociceptive, motor and proprioceptive functional blockade of the sciatic nerve in rats was assessed by paw withdrawal reflex and clamping (pinprick), tibiotarsal extensor reflex response and claudication, and jumping response, respectively. The cytotoxicity was assessed through cell viability test by Trypan blue counts of fibroblasts and hemolysis test, both in rat cells. Groups where the inclusion complex hyaluronidase : hydroxypropyl- ß-cyclodextrin was injected concomitantly to the local anesthetic showed a significant increase of duration of anesthetic action compared to the others. The plain inclusion complex showed no cytotoxicity, but when associated with lidocaine, the cytotoxicity of this was maintained. None haemolytic effect was observed for the concentration used to the groups hyaluronidase, inclusion complex and lidocaine.
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Colven, William Preston DDS. "A Pilot Study of Kovanaze Anesthetic In Children Age 6-8." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1560425557327697.

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Droll, Brock A. "Local Anesthetic Efficacy of the Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block in Red-haired Females." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1316623943.

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Weinstein, Sara Margit Abbott. "Extra-oral Mandibular Nerve Block Comparative Evaluation of Local Anesthetic Distribution Using Ultrasonography." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1395252383.

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Gomes, Thiago Pallin. "Articaína com hialuronidase em infiltração bucal em primeiro molar inferior." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23147/tde-11092012-131126/.

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O índice de sucesso em anestesia infiltrativa em molar inferior é muito baixo, o que justifica a técnica de bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior mesmo essa sendo mais dolorida. Recentes estudos demonstraram que a anestesia infiltrativa com articaína apresentou maior índice de sucesso do que com a lidocaína, porém, ainda não foi possível evitar falha anestésica. Para aumentar o índice de sucesso dessa técnica vislumbra-se a utilização da enzima hialuronidase como fator de difusão do anestésico local e aumentar a eficácia clínica. O estudo avaliou se a hialuronidase à 150 UTR injetada imediatamente após a articaína infiltrativa em primeiro molar inferior seria capaz de prolongar a duração da anestesia local (AL) na polpa e na gengiva, reduzir a latência de ação, aumentar o seu índice de sucesso anestésico e se o uso da H aumenta a dor do local. Participaram 28 pacientes ASA I e II que apresentavam necessidade de restauração em 2 primeiros molares inferiores. Estes foram alocados em 2 grupos: (1º) 28 pacientes receberam anestesia com articaína 4% associada à epinefrina em seguida era injetada H 150 UTR/ml. (2º) Idêntico ao primeiro grupo, porém utilizando placebo (solvente da hialuronidase) de forma duplo-cego e boca dividida. A latência e a duração na polpa foram avaliadas com estímulo elétrico na face vestibular do primeiro molar inferior, a cada 2 e 10 min, respectivamente. Para gengiva vestibular, utilizou-se estímulo mecânico (picada). Para análise do índice de dor utilizou-se escala numérica de dor (1 a 5) em 3 tempos analisados. A presença da hialuronidase não melhorou o índice de sucesso, não diminuiu o tempo de latência gengival, não aumentou a duração de ação pulpar nem a gengival e não aumentou os níveis de dor, mas houve diminuição da latência gengival do grupo H 150 se comparado a todos os demais. Nas condições experimentais, esta concentração de H não melhora a eficácia clínica.
The success rate in infiltrative anesthesia in lower molar is very low, which explains the technique of inferior alveolar nerve block even this is more painful. Recent studies have shown that infiltrative anesthesia with articaine had a higher success rate than with lidocaine, however, has not been possible to avoid failure of anesthesia. To increase the success rate of this technique envisages the use of the enzyme hyaluronidase as a factor of local anesthetic spread and increase clinical efficacy. The study evaluated whether the 150 TRU/ml to hyaluronidase injected immediately after articaine infiltration in the first molar would be able to prolong the duration of local anesthesia (LA) in the pulp and gums and reduce latency of action, increase your success rate of anesthetic and the use of H increases the pain site. Participated in 28 ASA I and II patients who had need of restoration in two mandibular first molars. These were divided into 2 groups: (1) 28 patients received anesthesia with 4% articaine associated with epinephrine was then injected H 150 TRU/ml. (2) Same as the first group, but using placebo (hyaluronidase solvent) in a double-blind, split-mouth. The latency and duration of the pulp electrical stimulation were evaluated on the buccal of the mandibular first molar, every 2 and 10 min, respectively. For vestibular gingiva, we used mechanical stimulation (pinprick). To analyze the level of pain was used numeric pain scale (1-5) at 3 times analyzed. The presence of hyaluronidase didnt improve the success rate was not reduced latency time gum didnt increase the duration of action or the pulp and gum didnt increase levels of pain, but there was reduced latency gum group compared to H 150 all others. Under the experimental conditions, this concentration of H not improved clinical efficacy.
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Capetillo, Jeremy Michael. "Anesthetic Efficacy of Intranasal 3% Tetracaine plus 0.05% Oxymetazoline (Kovanaze) in Maxillary Teeth." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531910295688812.

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Books on the topic "Local anesthetic"

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Strichartz, Gary R., ed. Local Anesthetics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71110-7.

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Handbook of local anesthesia. 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosby Year Book, 1990.

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Handbook of local anesthesia. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby, 1997.

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Handbook of local anesthesia. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby, 1986.

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1947-, Koren Gideon, ed. Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA): A breakthrough in skin anesthesia. New York: M. Dekker, 1995.

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Bertil, Löfström J., and Sjöstrand Ulf H, eds. Local anaesthesia and regional blockade: Pharmacology, physiology, and clinical effects. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1988.

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M, Neal Joseph, and Viscomi Christopher M, eds. Regional anesthesia: The requisites in anesthesiology. Philadelphia: Mosby, 2004.

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Anaesthesia and anaesthetics, general and local. Memphis, USA: General Books, 2012.

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W, Brown John, ed. Atlas of regional anesthesia. Norwalk, Conn: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1985.

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Hanke, C. W., B. Sommer, and G. Sattler, eds. Tumescent Local Anesthesia. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56744-5.

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Book chapters on the topic "Local anesthetic"

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Stevens, Roy L., and Robert C. Bosack. "Local Anesthetic Pharmacology." In Anesthesia complications in the dental office, 129–32. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119053231.ch18.

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Hartung, Hans-Peter. "Local Anesthetic Activity." In Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays, 1717–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05392-9_38.

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Lambert, D. H. "Local Anesthetic Pharmacology." In Anesthesiology and Pain Management, 35–64. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0816-4_3.

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Valverde, Alexander. "Local Anesthetic Techniques." In Analgesia and Anesthesia for the Ill or Injured Dog and Cat, 171–203. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119036500.ch14.

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Datta, Sanjay, Bhavani Shankar Kodali, and Scott Segal. "Local Anesthetic Pharmacology." In Obstetric Anesthesia Handbook, 15–28. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-88602-2_2.

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Hartung, Hans-Peter. "Local Anesthetic Activity." In Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays, 1–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27728-3_38-1.

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Brown, David L. "Local Anesthetic Toxicity." In Complications of Regional Anesthesia, 61–73. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68904-3_4.

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Kodali, Bhavani Shankar, and Scott Segal. "Local Anesthetic Pharmacology." In Datta's Obstetric Anesthesia Handbook, 19–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41893-8_2.

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Garfield, J. M., and L. Gugino. "Central Effects of Local Anesthetic Agents." In Local Anesthetics, 253–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71110-7_8.

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Courtney, K. R., and G. R. Strichartz. "Structural Elements which Determine Local Anesthetic Activity." In Local Anesthetics, 53–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71110-7_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Local anesthetic"

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Drummond Júnior, Délio Guerra, Ana Carolina Campos Moraes Guimarães, Rainally Sabrina freire de Morais, Camila Taveira de Castro, and Igor Costa Santos. "Use of anesthesia in laparoscopic surgery." In III SEVEN INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/seveniiimulti2023-200.

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Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery has become a widely used surgical approach due to its benefits, such as less surgical trauma, reduced recovery time and less postoperative pain. Anesthesia plays a key role in supporting these procedures, providing adequate conditions of safety and comfort for patients. Understanding the specific anesthetic considerations of laparoscopic surgery is essential to ensure a successful surgical experience. Objective: This narrative review article aims to analyze the use of anesthesia in laparoscopic surgery, examining the specific anesthetic considerations, the most commonly used anesthetic techniques and the challenges encountered during the procedure. Theoretical background: The topics covered in the theoretical background include preoperative considerations in 3 axes: patient assessment, pre-anesthetic preparation and adequate fasting. In addition, the importance of adequate monitoring during the procedure, pneumoperitoneum management, postoperative analgesia techniques and intra-abdominal pressure control are discussed. Methodology: The bibliographic research was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The following descriptors were used: "laparoscopic surgery", "anesthesia", "anesthetic management". The inclusion criteria were original articles, available in full text and written in English. Final Results: The proper use of anesthesia in laparoscopic surgery requires a careful and personalized approach. The choice of anesthetic technique, including the type of neuromuscular blockade, must be adapted to the characteristics of the patient and the surgical procedure. Adequate monitoring, including capnography and invasive blood pressure, is essential for the early detection of complications. The use of multimodal analgesia techniques, such as the infiltration of local anesthetics at the incision site and the administration of systemic analgesics, can contribute to better postoperative pain control and promote faster recovery.
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Drummond Júnior, Délio Guerra, Ana Carolina Campos Moraes Guimarães, Pedro Dias Bezerra Neto, Lucas Scaccia Biffi, and Igor Costa Santos. "Complications and risks associated with regional anesthesia." In III SEVEN INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/seveniiimulti2023-066.

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Introduction: Regional anesthesia is a technique widely used in medical practice to provide analgesia and anesthesia in a specific region of the body. Although it is considered safe and effective, it is not without complications and risks. Understanding and properly assessing these complications is critical for health care professionals involved in anesthesia practice to ensure patient safety and provide the best possible care. Objectives: The aim of this narrative review article is to analyze the complications and risks associated with regional anesthesia, highlighting their clinical manifestations, risk factors, prevention and management. Theoretical Background: Complications related to regional anesthesia can be categorized into 3 topics: technique-related complications, systemic complications, and complications specific to each nerve block technique. Technique-related complications include block failure, paresthesia, nerve injury, hematoma, infection, and vascular complications. Systemic complications may occur due to local anesthetic toxicity, such as cardiac arrhythmias, seizures, and respiratory depression. Methodology: This narrative review was based on the electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, with 4 descriptors: "complications", "risks", "regional anesthesia". The selected articles addressed the complications and risks associated with regional anesthesia in clinical studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses and case reports. Final Results: Regional anesthesia is a widely used technique. Block failure, nerve injury, vascular complications, allergic reactions, local anesthetic toxicity and systemic complications are some of the complications identified. Several risk factors have been associated with these complications, highlighting the importance of careful preoperative assessment and proper selection of anesthetic technique. Prevention and proper management of complications are essential. This includes the use of proper techniques, continuous monitoring during the procedure, knowledge of the signs of local anesthetic toxicity, and readiness for immediate interventions.
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Drummond Júnior, Délio Guerra, Tamires Rodrigues Toqueto, Rainally Sabrina Freire de Morais, Rodrigo Daniel Zanoni, and Igor Costa Santos. "Indications for anesthetics in the postoperative period of surgery in children." In III SEVEN INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/seveniiimulti2023-096.

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Introduction: Proper management of postoperative pain in children is of utmost importance to ensure patients' comfort and adequate recovery. Anesthetics play a key role in this context, providing effective analgesia and minimizing adverse effects associated with pain. Objectives: To analyze the indications of anesthetics in the postoperative period of surgeries in children, examining the available options, their mechanisms of action, the available scientific evidence and the clinical benefits. Theoretical Framework: The topics covered include the different types of anesthetics used in 4 axes: opioids, local anesthetics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and adjuvant anesthetics. In addition, it deals with the specific indications for the use of each type of anesthetic, the appropriate doses and the possible side effects. Methodology: The literature search was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The following English descriptors were used: "postoperative pain management", "children", "analgesics". The inclusion criteria adopted comprised original articles available in full text and written in English. Final Results: Opioids, such as morphine and fentanyl, are frequently used to control severe pain, but should be administered with caution due to possible side effects, such as respiratory depression and excessive sedation. Local anesthetics, such as bupivacaine and lidocaine, are widely used for regional blocks and local analgesia, reducing the need for systemic opioids. NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen and paracetamol, are effective and safe options for mild to moderate pain management with few side effects. Study results indicate that the choice of anesthetic in postoperative surgery in children should be based on individual patient characteristics, type of surgery, pain intensity, and safety profile of the drug.
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Baek, J., T. A. Smith, C. Tejera Quesada, J. Sixon, and C. Dorta. "Watch Out For Last: Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity." In American Thoracic Society 2023 International Conference, May 19-24, 2023 - Washington, DC. American Thoracic Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2023.207.1_meetingabstracts.a5198.

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Shenouda, S., J. Beier, M. Ayad, S. Aljilani, and J. M. Thomas. "A Rare Presentation of Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity." In American Thoracic Society 2024 International Conference, May 17-22, 2024 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2024.209.1_meetingabstracts.a3645.

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Polus, Fréderic, Robbert Buck, Guy Weinberg, Jirka Cops, Isabelle Lenders, Darren Jacobs, Imré Van Herreweghe, and Michael Fettiplace. "EP173 Local anesthetic systemic toxicity and the assessment of the maximum allowable dose of local anesthetics: results of an international survey." In ESRA Abstracts, 40th Annual ESRA Congress, 6–9 September 2023. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2023-esra.234.

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Lugo, C., Á. Juez, E. Armelles, and R. Jimenez. "ESRA19-0585 Serratus plane block anesthesia for breast surgery and local anesthetic toxicity: a case report." In Abstracts of the European Society of Regional Anesthesia, September 11–14, 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2019-esraabs2019.186.

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Svediene, Saule, and Ieva Bartuseviciene. "EP025 Local anesthetic bupivacaine baricity and adjuvant fentanyl impact on quality of low-dose spinal anesthesia." In ESRA Abstracts, 40th Annual ESRA Congress, 6–9 September 2023. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2023-esra.87.

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Semenov, Sergey, Alexandr Bozhchenko, and Pavel Tolkach. "Iatrogenic death of a patient as a result of local anesthesia with the use of the drug “Naropin”." In Issues of determining the severity of harm caused to human health as a result of the impact of a biological factor. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/conferencearticle_5fdcb03ab42468.53224529.

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The article considers the clinical and forensic aspects of the possibility of establishing a causal relationship between the use of the drug “Naropin” and the death of a patient during local anesthesia. In this case, the patient sought outpatient medical care for paraproctitis. The decision made by the doctor the decision for local anesthesia is the use of the drug “Naropin”. At 20 minutes of administration of the drug in the required dosage, the patient suddenly developed convulsions and clinical death occurred, and later the patient died. When conducting a forensic examination of the corpse, the most significant was the following: a small pinpoint wound in the upper quadrant of the right buttock, pulmonary edema, liquid blood and small loose blood clots in the heart cavities, brain edema. During a post-mortem Toxicological examination of the blood, the presence of ropivacaine (a component of naropine) was found to exceed the threshold toxic concentration. Repeated expert research has found that led to the onset of death-the erroneous introduction of the anesthetic “Naropin” directly into the blood vessel, which is prohibited by the instructions for its use due to a very narrow zone of toxic action.
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Poots, Catherine, Connor Brenna, Shawn Khan, and Richard Brull. "OP025 Local anesthetic neurotoxicity and arachnoiditis: a systematic review of cases." In ESRA Abstracts, 40th Annual ESRA Congress, 6–9 September 2023. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2023-esra.25.

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Reports on the topic "Local anesthetic"

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Pang, Qianyun, Jingyun Wang, and Hongliang Liu. The analgesic efficacy of regional anesthesia using local anesthetic alone versus local anesthetic plus adjuvants for craniotomy: a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0044.

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Keck, Tatum. The Use of Lidocaine as a Local Anesthetic During Dental Procedures. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-1500.

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Boedeker, Benjamin H., and Mark Kline. Development of Ultra Long Duration Local Anesthetic Agents in a Rat Model. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada286090.

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Kline, Mark. Development of Ultra Long Duration Local Anesthetic Agents in a Rat Model. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada293519.

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Franco De Rose, Aldo, Fabrizio Gallo, and Donatella Giua. Three-Component Penile Prosthesis Implantation Under Completely Local Anesthesia: A Case Report. International Journal of Surgery, February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.60122/j.ijs.2024.10.03.

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Background: To our knowledge, no authors have published the implant of a three-component device under local anesthesia, until now. The aim of this paper is to report this particular case focusing on its technical and anatomical details. Materials and Methods: A 60-years-old man presented to our attention due to erectile dysfunction unresponsive to PDE-I oral and alprostadil intracavernosal therapies, following a motorbike trauma accident with multiple lumbosacral vertebral fracture and incomplete S2-S4 spinal cord injury. After the trauma accident, the patient immediately underwent spinal surgery with lumbosacral vertebral plate positioning. During knee surgery for postural disorders following the previous trauma accident, the patient had an intraoperative heart arrest which required cardiopulmonary resuscitation and post-cardiac arrest care. Considering the high surgical risk due to the previous heart arrest and the inability to perform a spinal anesthesia due to the previous lumbosacral vertebral plate positioning, we proposed to implant the three-component device under completely local anesthesia. Results: Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis was performed. Local anesthesia was administered using an 80-20 mixture of 7.5% ropivacaine and 2% mepivacaine with adrenaline for both the penoscrotal and abdominal surgical sites. A three-component (AMS 700™ CX with MS pump™) prosthesis was implanted with no complications. The patient didn’t experience any pain during the procedure. The follow-up was uneventful. One month after surgery, the patient reported a satisfactory sexual intercourse. Conclusion: Our experience demonstrates that a three-component penile prosthesis implantation under completely local anesthesia can be successfully performed with satisfactory outcomes. However, particular attention should be paid to some anatomical details, the anesthetic procedure and patient’s counselling. This technique could be addressed to those patients with comorbidities which contraindicated spinal or general anesthesia or in patients unwilling to undergo these types of anesthesia.
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xu, fangsheng, yuanyuan cui, and chunyu li. Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine combined with local anesthetic in Interfascial plane block: A Systematic review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0071.

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Takeda, Mamoru. Neurophysiological Mechanisms Underlying the Attenuation of Nociceptive and Pathological Pain by Phytochemicals: Clinical Application as Therapeutic Agents. Progress in Neurobiology, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.60124/j.pneuro.2024.10.02.

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Although phytochemicals are plant-derived toxins that are primarily produced by plants as a form of defense against insects or microbes, several lines of studies have demonstrated that phytochemicals (e.g., polyphenols, carotenoids, and amino acids) have several beneficial biological actions for human health, such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects. Recent studies have demonstrated that phytochemicals can modulate neuronal excitability in the nervous system, including nociceptive sensory transmission, so it is possible that phytochemicals could be complementary alternative medicine candidates; specifically, therapeutic agents against pain. The focus of this review is to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the modulatory effects of phytochemicals on neuronal electrical signals, such as generator potentials, action potentials, and postsynaptic potentials, in the nociceptive pathway neurons resulting in potential local anesthetic effects, intravenous anesthesia and analgesic effects, and inflammatory pain relief effects. In addition, we discuss the contribution of phytochemicals to the relief of nociceptive and/or pathological pain and their potential clinical application on the basis of our recent studies in vivo.
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Mohr, Justin. Local Anesthesia and Dental Pain. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-965.

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Han, Xiangxiang, Shidong Liu, Jialu Wang, Hao CHen, Yang CHen, and Bing Song. Comparison of results of transcatheter femoral aortic valve replacement under local and general anesthesia: a cumulative meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.7.0046.

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Han, Xiangxiang, Shidong Liu, Jialu Wang, Hao Chen, Yang Chen, and Bing Song. Comparison of results of transcatheter femoral aortic valve replacement under local and general anesthesia: a protocol for systematic review and meta analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.7.0078.

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