Relevant bibliographies by topics / Local chickens

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Local chickens'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Local chickens"

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Osei-Amponsah, R., B. B. Kayang, A. Naazie, M. Tiexier-Boichard, and X. Rognon. "Phenotypic characterization of local Ghanaian chickens: egg-laying performance under improved management conditions." Animal Genetic Resources/Ressources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales 56 (June 2015): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2078633615000041.

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SummaryEgg production performance of 571 local Ghanaian chickens and 107 SASSO T44 chickens kept under improved management conditions were analysed. Average egg weight, hen-day egg production and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were determined for the three experimental chicken ecotypes. Hen-day production was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in the savannah local chicken ecotype than the forest ecotype and SASSO T44 chickens. Egg weights of local Ghanaian chickens compared favourably with values reported for local chickens in Africa. On the average, SASSO T44 had significantly (P< 0.05) higher egg weights and feed intake compared with the local chicken ecotypes. The local chicken ecotypes on the other hand, had significantly (P< 0.05) better feed conversion ratios than SASSO T44 chicken. Local Ghanaian chicken ecotypes have a more efficient FCR per every unit of egg produced compared with the control population. Low feed intake, good feed conversion ratios and adaptation to the environment are traits local chicken harbour which can be exploited in future breeding programmes to improve on chicken meat and egg production in Ghana. Ghanaian local chickens could thus be a valuable genetic resource for the development of an efficient egg production chicken breed adaptable to the humid tropical climates.
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Prasetyo, Anang Febri, and Bayu Aminulloh Fatah. "Analisis Saluran Pemasaran Ayam Buras di Kabupaten Banyuwangi." Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan Terapan 2, no. 2 (August 7, 2019): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25047/jipt.v2i2.1424.

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The aim of the study was to determine the forms of marketing channels for local chickens, find out the size of the margins and the benefits of each party involved in the marketing of local chickens, find out the level of efficiency in each form of local chicken marketing channels in Banyuwangi regency. The number of respondents is as many as 195 respondents consisting of breeders, collectors, wholesalers, Chicken Slaughterhouses, retailers and consumers. The method used is descriptive analysis method and mathematical analysis. The results showed that there were 4 forms of marketing channels for local chickens in Banyuwangi Regency. Channel 1 (breeders to consumers), channel 2 (breeders, collectors and consumers), channel 3 (breeders, collectors, wholesalers and consumers), channel 4 (breeders, collectors, wholesalers, Chicken Slaughterhouses, retailers and consumers). The largest total marketing margin was in channel 4, which was Rp51,000.00 and the smallest total margin was in channel 1 of Rp0,00. The highest number of profits in the marketing of local chickens in Banyuwangi Regency was in channel 4 Chicken Slaughterhouse of Rp15,433.33 per chicken and the smallest profit in channel 2 traders is Rp5,893.37 per chicken, for the largest percentage of profit from the marketing of local chickens in the Regency Banyuwangi is in channel 4 Chicken Slaughterhouse at 31% and for the smallest percentage of profit is channel 1 farmer by 5%. The level of marketing efficiency of native chickens in Banyuwangi Regency based on marketing costs and marketing margins is declared efficient.
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Ngongolo, Kelvin, and Andrew Chota. "Effect of management systems, practices, flock size, and age group on the growth performance of chicks from local chickens farmers." Berkala Penelitian Hayati 27, no. 1 (August 2, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23869/bphjbr.27.1.20211.

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The improved growth performance of chicks determines the production efficiency of chicken to local chicken farmers. Little has been done to understand the contribution of management systems and practices to the growth performance of chicks from farmers who are involved in rearing local chickens in Dodoma. We focused on assessing how the growth performance of chicks (length and weight) from local chicken farmers is affected by management systems (Free range and semi-intensive systems), management practices such as water provision, supplement feeding, regular cleaning, flock size, and size of banda (hut) used to raise chickens. Data were collected for 8 rounds within 2 months (once per week) from 5 farmers in three wards: Nkuhungu (n=2), Mbwanga (n=2), and Mtube (n=1). In each round, data were collected from 10 chicks per farmer (n=400 chicks for all 8 rounds and 5 farmers). Kruskal Wallis was used to determine the variation in growth performance while generalized linear model was used to assess the effect of flock size, management system on the growth performance of chicks. Growth performance was significantly increased and affected by age (P<0.05). The management system significantly contributed to the growth performance of the chicks (P less than 0.001). In addition, the small size of the banda (hut) with large flock size reduced the growth performance of chicks due to increased competition in terms of space, supplements, water supplied, feed provided, and treatment (P less than 0.05). In raising local chicken, local farmers need to be concerned in applying management practices such as supplement feeding, treatment, flock size and size of huts.
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Manyelo, Tlou Grace, Letlhogonolo Selaledi, Zahra Mohammed Hassan, and Monnye Mabelebele. "Local Chicken Breeds of Africa: Their Description, Uses and Conservation Methods." Animals 10, no. 12 (November 30, 2020): 2257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122257.

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There has been a research gap in the genetic, physiological, and nutritional aspects of indigenous chickens of Africa over the past decade. These chickens are known to be economically, socially, and culturally important to the people of Africa, especially those from marginalised communities. Although they are associated with poor productivity in terms of the number of eggs laid, most consumers prefer their flavoursome meat. Several local chickens have been classified into breeds or ecotypes, but many remain unidentified and are facing extinction. To prevent this, the Food and Agriculture Organization has launched an indigenous poultry conservation programme. In addition, the Agricultural Research Council in South Africa has established a programme to protect four local chicken breeds. The purpose of this review is to provide a detailed understanding of the description, uses and conservation methods of local chicken breeds of Africa. Several studies have been conducted on the nutritional requirements of local chickens, but the results were inconclusive and contradictory. This review concludes that local chickens play a significant role in improving livelihoods, and strategies to preserve and sustain them must be intensified.
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Sri, Soenarsih. "Local Community Knowledge of Productivity and Diversity of Chicken Phenotypes (Gallus gallus domesticus) as an Effort to Support Ternate's Community Food Security." Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran 19, no. 1 (September 12, 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jit.v19i1.19746.

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Research with the title Local Community Knowledge of Productivity and Diversity of Chicken Phenotypes (Gallus gallus domesticus) as an Effort to Support Ternate's Community Food Security will be carried out with the aim of studying local knowledge about variations from local chickens, traditions in raising local chickens, and local chicken conservation efforts as studies beginning for the conservation of germplasm in supporting the food security of the people of Ternate City. This research will be carried out for 3 months. The location of the study was determined by purposive sampling with the provisions of the dominant research location having a local chicken population. The main material in this study were adult chickens, both male and female. Changing the phenotype of qualitative characteristics of chickens observed included: feather color, shank color (claw) and comb shape. To see the relationship between community knowledge about productivity and phenotype diversity, 67 interviewed native chicken farmers who are used to conducting selection in seed selection, based on their local knowledge system (LK). Operational Variables consist of independent variables and dependent variables. The independent variable is local knowledge of farmers with parameters: bones, feathers, combs, scales of feet, eyes, cloaca, anal bones, toes, head and back. While the dependent variable is the productivity of domestic chicken with parameters of average egg production per month during three months. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between local knowledge of the community and the level of egg production (P <0.01) with a correlation coefficient of 0.46. While for the phenotypic characterization of qualitative properties of free-range chicken in Ternate City, it is still quite diverse, both feather color, shank color and comb shape and do not yet have specific features that are firm, so that native chickens cannot be categorized as new varieties and selection to form superior and specific chicken varieties.
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Puspita, Utin Elsya, Hendry T. S. S. G. Saragih, Tety Hartatik, and Budi Setiadi Daryono. "Body Weight Gain and Carcass Quality of the Hybrid Chicken Derived from the Crossing between Female F1 Kampung Super and Male F1 Kampung-Broiler." Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 6, no. 2 (June 4, 2021): 60934. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.60934.

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This research was conducted to observe the body weight gain and carcass quality of the hybrid chicken derived from the crossing between female F1 Kampung Super and male F1 Kampung-Broiler. The weekly weight gain for seven weeks and carcass quality, including breast yield, protein content, lipid content, moisture, and pH were measured with each group consists of six individuals. The chickens were slaughtered for meat quality measurements on the 7th week. The results showed that the hybrid chickens’ weight at the 7th week (888.22±139.63) was higher than layer (467.06±85.7) and pelung (436.39±42.33). The hybrid chicken’s breast yield (3.20%) was significantly higher than pelung’s (1.66%). These characteristics of hybrid chicken breast muscle lead to the conclusion that hybrid chicken is a potential alternative meat-type chicken with local chicken meat characteristics and has relatively fast growth.
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Akbar, Mizanul. "Analysis Factors Affecting the Demand and Supply of Free-range Chicken Meat in Pakpak Bharat Regency." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 986–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i1.1718.

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Food needs are basic human needs that must be met. One of the food needs comes from animal sources, the source of meat most consumed in Pakpak Bharat is local chicken. From the consumer side, the factors that affect the demand for local chicken include: the price of local chickens, the price of tilapia, population and income, and factors that affect the demand for local chicken include: the price of local chicken, the price of local chicken feed and the price of local chicken seeds. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that affect the demand and supply of local chickens in Pakpak Bharat Regency in 2010 - 2019, to forecast the production of local chicken in Pakpak Bharat Regency in 2020-2029. Data analysis was performed using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method with multiple linear regression estimation models using the help of the SPSS 20 program. The estimation results of the demand model are variables of tilapia meat prices (X2), population (X3), and per capita income (X4) has a positive and significant effect on the demand for local chicken (Y), while the price variable for local chicken meat (X1) has a negative and significant effect on the demand for local chicken meat (Y). The estimation results of the model offer variable price for local chicken meat (X1) have a positive and significant effect on the supply of local chickens (Y), while for the variable price of local chicken feed (X2) and the price of local chicken seeds (X3) have a negative and significant effect on offering local chicken meat (Y). Simultaneously, all variables of the demand and supply of local chicken meat have a positive effect. Resultthe projection trend of local chicken production in Pakpak Bharat Regency in 2020-2029 is a positive trend or has increased every year.
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Reksa, Talita Yuanda, Poedji Hastutiek, Hana Eliyani, Kusnoto Kusnoto, and Mufasirin Mufasirin. "The Prevalance of Gastrointestinal Tract Protozoa Using Fecal Examination in Local Chicken(Gallus domesticus) Located in Kramat Village, District of Bangkalan, Bangkalan Regency." Journal of Parasite Science 2, no. 1 (December 2, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jops.v2i1.16378.

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The aim of this research is to identify the prevalence of gastrointestinal track protozoa in local chicken (Gallus domesticus) located in Kramat Village, District of Bangkalan, Bangkalan Regency using fecal examination. The number of sample used were 140 including 70 samples from rice fields location and 70 samples from fisheries location. The result showed that 54 (38.6%) local chickens were infected by species of Eimeria; E. acervulina (2.5%), E. brunetti (22.8%), E. maxima (46.8%), E. mitis (1.3%), E. necatrix (22.8%), E. praecox (2.5%), and E. tenella (1.3%). The result was made of 16 (22.9%) local chickens in rice fields location and 38 (54.3%) local chickens in fisheries location. The infection of Eimeria sp. on male local chickens were 24 (34.3%) while on the female local chickens were 30 (42.9%). Chi Square Test showed that there was a highly significant difference toward the prevalence in rice fields and fishery locations (p<0.01), but there was no significant difference toward the prevalence of male and female local chickens (p>0.05).
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Muslim, Chairul, Adang Agustian, Resty P. Perdana, Rizma Aldillah, and Valeriana Darwis. "Constraints and benefits of KUB chicken cultivate in Central Java Province, Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 306 (2021): 02027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130602027.

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Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development has released the KUB (Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan) chicken to increase the contribution of local chickens to the national meat supply for community’s animal protein needs. This paper aims to determine the constraints and benefits of KUB chickens cultivating in Central Java Province. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive methods with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The R/C analysis results showed that breeders would get more significant profit by raising KUB chickens (2.38) compared to local native chickens (1.72). KUB chicken farming faces several obstacles, including suboptimal productivity of eggs and chicken meat, limited availability of KUB chicken seeds, inadequate location and size of the cage, attacks of poultry disease during the transition season and low access to bank credit. Therefore, it is advisable to cultivate KUB chickens in battery cages in a broader area to optimise the productivity and minimise mortality rates. The government can encourage seed resources management unit (UPBS) and collaborate with private companies and independent breeders to carry out KUB chicken breeding to increase the availability of KUB chicken seeds. The government is also expected to facilitate an access to bank credit for KUB chicken breeders, especially for business capital.
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WILSON, I. G. "Antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter in raw retail chickens and imported chicken portions." Epidemiology and Infection 131, no. 3 (December 2003): 1181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268803001298.

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Campylobacter isolates from raw retail chickens (n=434) sampled between 1998 and 2000 were tested for resistance to 12 antibiotics. Among 208 campylobacters tested, more than 90% of isolates were susceptible to 4 out of 9 antibiotics (nalidixic acid, erythromycin, chloramphenicol and gentamicin). Most campylobacters were resistant to 3 antibiotics and multiple resistance was found in 4%. Ciprofloxacin resistance was 11%. Campylobacter contamination (28%) in imported chickens (n=150) was almost half that found in local whole chickens (50%), but the resistance of imported isolates (n=42) was similar to that of local campylobacters. Resistance in isolates from imported chicken breasts was generally more common, but to only 4 antibiotics. Resistance patterns of chicken isolates were compared to human clinical isolates (n=494), and a greater similarity was found between the clinical and local isolates than with imported campylobacters. Lower chloramphenicol resistance was found in clinical Campylobacter isolates than in those from chicken sources.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Local chickens"

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Pousga, Salimata. "Supplementation strategies for semi-scavenging chickens in Burkina Faso : evaluation of some local feed resources /." Uppsala : Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/2007116.pdf.

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Zanetti, Enrico. "Genetic, phenotypic and proteomic characterisation of local chicken breeds." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT010A/document.

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Pour des espèces domestiques communes parmi lesquelles certaines variétés, populations ou races sont menacées d'extinction, le niveau de la population selon laquelle nous devons prendre des mesures est l'objet de recherches dans de nombreux pays. Plusieurs approches ont été développées et utilisées pour comprendre les différents aspects qui contribuent à la différenciation des races et pour l'étude des produits dérivés. Cette thèse se compose de trois contributions. Les objectifs de la première concerne l'étude de la variabilité génétique et l'analyse de la structure de la population dans six races locales italiennes de poulet au sein d’un projet de conservation. On a analysé vingt marqueurs microsatellites dans 337 animaux appartenant à six différentes races: Ermellinata di Rovigo, Robusta Maculata, Robusta Lionata, Pépoi, Padovana et Polverara, une ligne commerciale de poulet a été utilisé comme référence. On a détectés 120 allèles dans l'ensemble de l'échantillon, avec une valeur moyenne de 5.6 plus ou moins 2.1 allèles par locus. Quant aux races locales, l'hétérozygotie observés variaient de 0.240 à 0.413 et celle attendus variaient de 0.243 à 0.463 pour les races Pépoi et Polverara, respectivement. On a observé des écarts de l'équilibre de Hardy-Weinberg pour cinq races ainsi que pour les croisés commerciaux. Dans l'ensemble, la déficience des hétérozygotes dans la population (FIT) résultait 0.427, la valeur moyenne de FIS était de 0.097, tandis que FST était de 0.437, indiquant une forte carence des hétérozygotes due surtout à la division en races. On a utilisé les distances de Reynolds pour dessiner un arbre Neighbor-Joining unrooted, duquel la topologie a fournie des informations sur l’origine génétique de ces races et a confirmé leur histoire connue. La kinship moléculaire estimée entre race variait de 0.559 à 0.769 en mettant en évidence un haut valeur de coancestry. L'analyse de la structure a été réalisée pour mettre en évidence la présence de substructures de la population. Les clusters obtenues séparaient d’une manière nette les animaux en groupes correspondants aux différentes races, sans aucun mélange. L’exception à cette situation étaient les animaux appartenant à la race Polverara, pour laquelle on a rencontré une structure génétique plus complexe. Les résultats ont confirmé l'utilité des marqueurs moléculaires comme les microsatellites, pour la caractérisation des races locales et de monitorage de la diversité génétique dans les programmes de conservation des animaux domestiques. L'objectif de la deuxième contribution a été de décrire les caractéristiques de la carcasse et les caractères qualitatifs de la viande de trois races locales de poulet qui avait, à la maturité, un poids vif moyens, moyen léger et léger. En particulier, l'exploitation commerciale des races étudiées pourraient permettre de développer et de diversifier l'offre aux consommateurs locaux qui ont besoin de différents produits de volaille. L'expérience a impliqué 60 poulets mâles élevés dans un système de production biologique, avec un accès à un espace extérieur avec l'herbe, dans le but d'étudier les caractéristiques de la carcasse et les caractère qualitatifs de la viande de trois races Italiennes avec lente croissance (Ermellinata, Padovana et Pépoi). Les animaux ont été choisis au hasard à éclore, élevés ainsi dans les mêmes conditions et abattus à 190 jours d'âge. Les animaux ont été sectionnés pour mesurer les caractères qualitatifs de la carcasse, après on a analysé des échantillons de poitrine et de cuisse. La race Ermellinata résultait toujours plus lourde que la race Padovana et Pépoi, en ce qui concerne le poids vif, le poids de la carcasse et de la cuisse; en outre, il y avait des différences en ce qui concerne le pourcentage de protéines (Ermellinata > Pépoi et Padovana), la shear force (Padovana < Ermellinata et Pépoi) et cooking loss (Pépoi > Padovana and Ermellinata). Les valeurs de luminosité (L *), l'indice de rouge (a *) et indice de jaune (b *), qui font partie du système de la CIE, montraient une couleur plus claire de viande et plus sombre de peau pour la Padovana par rapport à d’autres races. La composition des acides gras de la poitrine était similaire entre les espèces étudiées, alors que le contenu des acides gras saturés et monoinsaturés dans la race Ermellinata a été respectivement supérieur et inférieur à celui des autres races. Enfin, l’objectif de la troisième contribution a été l’application d’une approche protéomique à l'étude et à la caractérisation des races locales de poulet. L'expriment a impliqué un total de 29 animaux masculins appartenant à des races locales Pépoi, Padovana et Ermellinata di Rovigo. On a analysé des échantillons du muscle pectoral (Pectoralis superficialis). Les fractions contenant la classe de protéines sarcoplasmiques ont été analysés en utilisant l'électrophorèse bidimensionnelle. L'analyse d'image, soutenue par l'analyse statistique, a permis de différencier les individus en groupes selon les similitudes dans l'expression des protéines. Les individus ont été répartis en clusters et en groupes correspondants à la race d’appartenance. L’analyse SAM a permis l'identification du spot plus importante, dont 10 ont été identifiés par spectrométrie de masse en mettant en preuve, bien que préliminaires, les mécanismes des processus qui régissent le processus de différenciation entre les races. Les résultats ont montré une possible utilisation de la protéomique dans le domaine des études concernant la caractérisation de race, et ainsi que dans le domaine de la traçabilité de race ou de produits dérivés, comme une alternative aux analyses génétiques effectuées à travers des marqueurs moléculaires
In common domestic species for which varieties, strains or breeds are in danger of extinction, the population levels at which action needs to be taken are object of research in many countries. Different approaches have been developed and exploited to understand the different aspects that contribute to breed differentiation and to study the typical products that originate from them. The thesis is made up of three contributes. The objectives of the first one were to determine genetic variation and to analyze population structure in six Italian local chicken breeds involved in a conservation program. Twenty microsatellite markers were investigated in 337 animals belonging to six breeds: Ermellinata di Rovigo, Robusta Maculata, Robusta Lionata, Pepoi, Padovana and Polverara; a commercial layer cross was used as reference. One-hundred-twelve alleles were detected in the overall population, with a mean number of 5.6 plus or minus 2.1 alleles per locus. For the local breeds, the observed and expected heterozigosity ranged from a minimum of 0.240 to a maximum of 0.413 and from 0.243 to 0.463 for the Pépoi and Polverara breeds, respectively. Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium has been observed in five breeds and in the commercial cross. The overall population heterozygote deficiency FIT, resulted 0.427, the average FIS 0.097, while FST was 0.437, indicating a high heterozygote deficiency mainly due to breed subdivisions. Reynolds distances were used to draw an unrooted Neighbor-Joining tree, which topology gave information on the genetic origin of these breeds and confirmed their known history. The estimated molecular kinship within breed ranged from 0.559 to 0.769, evidencing high coancestry. Structure analysis was performed to detect the presence of population substructures. Inferred clusters corresponded to the different breeds, without presence of admixture. Exception was the Polverara, for which a more complex genetic structure was found. Obtained results confirmed the usefulness of molecular markers, as microsatellites, to characterize local breeds and to monitor genetic diversity in livestock conservation schemes. The objective of the second contribute was to describe carcass characteristics and qualitative meat traits of three local chicken breeds showing, at maturity, light, medium-light, and medium live weights. By the fact, those breeds could permit to extend and diversify consumer’s offer to fit all the local demands in typical diversified poultry products. The experiment involved 60 male chickens reared in an organic production system where housing was an indoor pen with access to a grass paddock was carried out in order to investigate carcass characteristics and qualitative meat traits of three slow-growing Italian local breeds of chicken (Ermellinata, Padovana, and Pépoi). Chicks were randomly selected at hatch, raised together under the same conditions, slaughtered at 190 days of age, dissected for carcass traits and meat was stored for subsequent analysis of breast and thigh meat quality. Ermellinata chickens were consistently heavier than Padovana and Pépoi chickens for live, carcass, thigh weight and there were differences among breeds for protein percentage (Ermellinata > Pépoi and Padovana), shear force (Padovana < Ermellinata and Pépoi), and cooking loss (Pépoi > Padovana and Ermellinata). The CIE system values of lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) evidenced a distinctive darker and lighter colour of Padovana for meat and skin, respectively. Fatty acid composition of breast was similar among the studied breeds, while saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids contents of Ermellinata were higher and lower, respectively than the other breeds. Aim of the third study was to apply a proteomic approach for characterization of local chicken breeds. The experiment involved a total of 29 males of Pépoi, Padovana, and Ermellinata local chicken breeds. Samples were taken from breast muscle (Pectoralis superficialis). Sarcoplasmic protein fractions of breast muscle were analysed by bidimensional electrophoresis. Image analysis followed by statistical analysis enabled to differentiate groups of individuals on the similarities of protein expression. Individuals were distinguished into clusters and groups, corresponding to the breed of origin. SAM analysis enabled identification of the most relevant spots; 10 of these were identified by Mass Spectrometry revealing preliminary evidences on the mechanics of the breed differentiation process. Results evidenced a possible utilisation of proteomic approach in the field of breed characterization studies as an alternative to genomic analyses performed using molecular markers, both for breed and product traceability purposes
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Mukiibi-Muka, G. "Studies on local and systemic antibody responses in chicken to avian reovirus infections." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364346.

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Han, Zifeng [Verfasser]. "The role and interaction of gut microflora and local immune response in Campylobacter jejuni infection in chicken / Zifeng Han." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1123677468/34.

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Muth, Philipp [Verfasser], and Zárate Anne [Akademischer Betreuer] Valle. "Development of high quality niche products from local chicken and pig genetic resources / Philipp Muth ; Betreuer: Anne Valle Zárate." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1152321188/34.

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Curran, Grace M. "Something in Our Souls Above Fried Chicken: On Meaningful Feminist Action in Food Justice Movements." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1408104622.

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Al-Qamashoui, Badar Verfasser], Eva [Akademischer Betreuer] Schlecht, Henner [Akademischer Betreuer] [Simianer, and Steffen [Akademischer Betreuer] Weigend. "Towards Conservation of Omani Local Chicken: Management, Performance and Genetic Diversity / Badar Al-Qamashoui. Gutachter: Henner Simianer ; Steffen Weigend. Betreuer: Eva Schlecht." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/105268257X/34.

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Al-Qamashoui, Badar Verfasser], Eva [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schlecht, Henner [Akademischer Betreuer] Simianer, and Steffen [Akademischer Betreuer] Weigend. "Towards Conservation of Omani Local Chicken: Management, Performance and Genetic Diversity / Badar Al-Qamashoui. Gutachter: Henner Simianer ; Steffen Weigend. Betreuer: Eva Schlecht." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:7-11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5EFE-6-3.

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Eiki, Ndahambelela. "Determination of phenotypic characteristics, production systems, productivity, and contribution of local chickens to households in North-Central Namibia." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/21793.

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The phenotypic characteristics, level of production, management system and contribution of the local chickens to household studied in the north central Namibia. The study involved both qualitative and quantitative methods to gather the data. The questionnaire was used for survey while phenotypic characteristics and egg production forms were used to collect the actual data. The findings revealed that farmers in the study area regarded chicken production as their primary source of domestic animal protein, with the domestic fowl being the most widely kept poultry species. Other uses are participation in socio-cultural ceremonies, selling for money and gifts. The average number of eggs per clutch ranged from 10 to 15. The hatchability ranged between 50% and 60%). Phenotypic characteristics measures revealed the absence of pure white plumage colour that can be associated with the introduction of White Leghorn to the flock. Generally, normal feather cover was the main feather morphology of local chicken populations in north central Namibia. However, features like crested heads, naked necked, frizzling, and feathered shanks occurred sporadically among local chickens in the study area. Fifty-seven percentages of chickens in the surveyed region had single comb, while 29.6% and 13.8% had rose and pea combs respectively. The most frequent shank colour was black followed by yellow, whitish, orange, and reddish shank. The wing span had positive correlation with body weight and chest circumference at (r = 0.994). Other researchers discover the strong correlation of chest circumference with length shank at (r = 0.827). The current study attained the mean body weight of 1.7 to 2.1 kg of both sexes combined which falls within the range of 1.6 to 2.18 kg reported by (Alabi et al. 2012). In conclusion, the current study revealed large variation of phenotypical characteristics with poor correlation to their productivity due to lack of record keeping although production forms were made available to the farmers. The part of productivity according to their identified phenotypic characteristics is not accepted nor rejected due to poor records, but recommended for further study with training on record keeping by farmers
College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences
M. Sc. (Agriculture)
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Lin, Jou-Ching, and 林柔靜. "The establishment of social hierarchy in different breeds of local chickens." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/aew6w7.

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碩士
國立中興大學
動物科學系所
101
A group of animals may recognized their positions in the society after living together for a while, these “position” is so called the social status. Chickens use their beak to fight for their rank, which is how the term “peck order” comes from. The reason for the existing of hierarchy is to maintain the stability in the group, and the stability is believed to reduce the incidence of intense conflicts that incur a greater expenditure of energy. On the other hand, high frequency of aggression appeared in unstable social status group. In this circumstances, chickens live in a stressful life may reduce their food intake and therefore influence not only animals’ growing traits but welfare issues. The aim of the research is to discuss the age when hierarchy established, the fighting times required in group size of 30 before social hierarchy formed and its stability by using the proportion of peck-order violation and the frequency of aggression in six different breeds of local chickens, i.e. Hua-Tung, Hsin-Yi, Ju-Chi, Quemoy, Nagoya and Shek-Ki. The results showed that among all breeds, Shek-Ki was the first to establish their hierarchy, at seven weeks of age; followed by Hua-Tung and Quemoy at 9 weeks of age; then Hsin-Yi and Ju-Chi at 10 weeks; and Nagoya was the last one, at 14 weeks of age. As for the fighting times required for establishment, Ju-Chi and Hsin-Yi are significantly higher than any other breeds of local chickens, while Nagoya is the lowest. Shek-Ki was the least stable of all breeds also showed the highest frequency of aggression. Furthermore, the lowest frequency of aggression appeared in Nagoya. As stated above, local chickens formed their social hierarchy at 9 to 10 weeks of age. In addition, lower frequency of aggression showed in more stable hierarchy group. However, high frequency of aggression appeared in Shek-Ki which means the hierarchy is unsteady. For this breed, chickens live under a greater pressure would harm them physically and psychologically. To improving welfare, this kind of breed should be raised with an effective management to reduce the probability of physical conflict.
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Books on the topic "Local chickens"

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City chicks: Keeping micro-flocks of laying hens as garden helpers, compost creators, bio-recyclers and local food suppliers. [Buena Vista, VA]: Good Earth Publications, 2009.

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(Firm), Sunset Magazine, ed. The one-block feast: An adventure in food from yard to table. Berkeley [Calif.]: Ten Speed Press, 2011.

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Singer, Mark. Somewhere in America: Under the radar with chicken warriors, left-wing patriots, angry nudists, and others. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2004.

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Herr, Michael. Is Chicken Skin a Local Delicacy? Lulu.Com, 2005.

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Investment project profile commodities: Marbles, jumbo ginger, pineapple, chicken weft, production of local doc (day old chicken). Mataram: Regional Investment Coordinating Board of West Nusa Tenggara Province, 2000.

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Funke, Cornelia Caroline. Las Gallinas Locas/ the Wild Chicks: Que Viene El Zorro/ There Comes the Fox (Las Gallinas Locas/ the Wild Chicks). Ediciones B, 2007.

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D. Özdemir, F. Maretto, and M. Cassandro. Comparison of genetic diversity of Turkish and Italian local chicken breeds for further conservation strategies. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1399/eps.2016.143.

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Somewhere in America: Under the Radar with Chicken Warriors, Left-Wing Patriots, Angry Nudists, and Others. Mariner Books, 2005.

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Funke, Cornelia Caroline. Un viaje con sorpresa: Las gallinas locas 2 (Gallinas Locas Series / Crazy Chicks Series). Ediciones B, 2006.

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Civitello, Linda. Baking Powder Today. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252041082.003.0012.

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Baking powder was a revolution and a paradigm shift with Clabber Girl as the uncontested leader and Calumet in second place. Multinational companies like McDonald’s, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Denny’s, and IHOP have spread baking powder and American eating habits around the globe. In the South, baking powder biscuits became a passion, with an international festival and local flours like Martha White and White Lily. The internet has enabled bakers, especially women, to reclaim the voices they lost to industrialization, and share and experiment with new shortcuts using baking powder, such as dump and mug cakes. Baking powder fortunes have left legacies like Calumet Farm in thoroughbred racing, and the Indianapolis 500 in car racing.
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Book chapters on the topic "Local chickens"

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Helbig, Mardé, and Andries P. Engelbrecht. "Using Headless Chicken Crossover for Local Guide Selection When Solving Dynamic Multi-objective Optimization." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 381–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27400-3_34.

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Afolabi, Kolawole Daniel. "Local or Indigenous Chicken Production: A Key to Food Security, Poverty Alleviation, Disease Mitigation and Socio-Cultural Fulfilment in Africa." In Sustainable Food Security in the Era of Local and Global Environmental Change, 217–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6719-5_14.

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Iwasaki, T., Y. Hasegawa, K. Yamamoto, and K. Nakamura. "The Relationship Between the Changes in Local Stiffness of Chicken Myofibril and the Tenderness of Muscle During Postmortem Aging." In Gels: Structures, Properties, and Functions, 205–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00865-8_28.

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Price, Lydia J., Liu Xiaowen, and Ni Jing Hua. "JD.com." In Putting Purpose Into Practice, 339–45. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198870708.003.0030.

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JD.com is one of China’s largest e-commerce companies, capturing more than a quarter of the country’s $600 billion B2C market in 2017. It is seeking to become one of the world’s most trusted companies and is working with local farmers’ cooperatives, the Chinese, and a local internet business owner to create a programme called Running Chicken to source free-range chickens at scale from low-income farmers in Wuyi County in northern Hebei Province. JD buys chickens at three times the average market price provided that strict standards are adhered to and monitored. The result has been increased farmer incomes that have raised hundreds of families out of poverty and removed Wuyi County from the national poverty list. Pilots are underway to replicate the programme in other poverty-stricken counties of China.
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Chikezie Ogbu, Cosmas. "Utilization and Conservation of Landrace Chickens of Nigeria: Physical and Performance Characteristics, Issues and Concerns." In Landraces - Traditional Variety and Natural Breed. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96580.

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The Nigerian indigenous chickens (NICs) are a critical component of the global animal genetic resources. They are distributed in rural areas, kept by the majority of the rural poor. They constitute different strains, or ecotypes local to tribes, regions, or ecological zones and are valued for their disease resistance, adaptation, and yield of valuable products and income on marginal inputs making them a low risk species. They are hence a unique and vital genetic resource and gene pool for present and long-term genetic improvement and human need for food and sustenance. The NIC is however; threatened by extinction owing to neglect, negative selection, breed substitution, and genetic introgression. There is need to draw research and policy attention to the conservation of NICs in accord with the global effort for the conservation of indigenous chickens which is probably the most neglected among farm animal species. The present review therefore, focuses on the physical and performance characteristics, genetic diversity and improvement, utilization and conservation of NIC genetic resources.
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"The World Bank’s Impact on Local Education: A Case of the Chickens Coming Home to Roost." In Globalization and the Neoliberal Schoolhouse, 134–52. Brill | Sense, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004413603_007.

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Ramdwar, Marcus N. A., and Narendra Siew. "Strategic Approaches to Food Security in Developing Countries." In Food Science and Nutrition, 151–75. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5207-9.ch008.

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As the world's population increases, the issue of food security presents a serious challenge. Currently, food security is reliant on a very narrow range of cultivated plant species and is also limited to traditional animal husbandry practices. The use of edible wild plants can be considered to support food security efforts. Such plants have shown to be more resilient compared to traditionally cultivated crops and also have superior nutritional attributes. The issue of protein food security can be addressed through production improvements for local or indigenous chickens, livestock production systems and wildlife to some extent. Food security in developing countries would increasingly become more dependent on widening the biodiversity from which food is selected and utilized and insects, like wild plants, provide another such opportunity. Contemporary reproductive technologies such as lactation induction, embryo transfer and artificial insemination among others can bolster food security efforts in developing countries. Improvements in forage species as well as processing technologies to improve nutritional value of low quality forages can improve overall animal nutrition. Irrespective of the concerns related to genetically modified organisms (GMOs), these sources of food could be beneficial globally. The formation of farmers' groups can be a strategic approach to food security in resource poor developing countries for the purposes of collective action and resource sharing. Sustainable food security requires the integration of several multi-dimensional approaches into a holistic management model to achieve the food security objectives in many developing nations.
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"Informal markets in Mozambique risky for local chicken." In Food Safety and Informal Markets, 221–25. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315745046-36.

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Han, Ruili, Zhuanjian Li, Yaping Guo, and Xiangnan Wang. "Detection and Utility of Genetic Variation in Chinese Local Chicken Breeds." In Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science. InTech, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.77028.

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Maynard Smith, John, and Eors Szathmary. "The chicken and egg problem." In The Major Transitions in Evolution. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198502944.003.0009.

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The most fundamental distinction in biology is between nucleic acids, with their role as carriers of information, and proteins, which generate the phenotype. In existing organisms, nucleic acids and proteins mutually presume one another. The former, owing to their template activity, store the heritable information: the latter, by enzymatic activity, read and express this information. It seems that neither can function without the other. Which came first, nucleic acids or proteins? There are three possible answers: (1) nucleic acids; (2) proteins; (3) neither: they coevolved. In this chapter, we discuss various possible answers to this 'chicken or egg?' problem. In section 5.2, we discuss what seems to us the most likely answer, that at first RNA performed both functions, as replicator and enzyme. In section 5.3, we consider an alternative view, in which protein enzymes existed either before, or alongside, the first nucleic acids. In section 5.4, we ask whether, perhaps, the first replicators were not nucleic acids. Finally, in section 5.5, we ask why, given that the genetic message is carried by nucleic acids, there are only four nucleotides and two base pairs. So far, we have tacitly assumed nucleic acids preceeded proteins, without stating the main reason. Nucleic acids came first because they can perform both functions: they are replicable, and they can have enzymatic activity. For many years, a common opinion was that to be replicable almost amounted to self-replicative ability, but that it was far-fetched to assume enzymatic activity. Today, there is increasing evidence that RNA can act as an enzyme, but we are more aware of the difficulty of self-replication. It should have been expected on theoretical grounds that RNA could act as an enzyme: the possibility was discussed by Woese (1967), Crick (1968) and Orgel (1968). Consider first why proteins can act as enzymes. An enzyme has a well-determined three-dimensional structure of chemical groups that, in most cases, arises automatically from the primary structure. Substrates of the enzyme are bound by the chemical groups on the surface. This means that the reactants will be kept in close proximity, and hence experience a much higher local concentration of each other than in solution. This by itself increases the rate of the reaction.
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Conference papers on the topic "Local chickens"

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Santoso, Urip, Yosi Fenita, and Kususiyah. "Effect of Turmeric and Garlic to Sauropus androgynus-Bay Leaves Containing Diet on Hematological and Blood Lipids Profiles in Broiler Chickens." In International Seminar on Promoting Local Resources for Sustainable Agriculture and Development (ISPLRSAD 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210609.024.

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Yue Shao and Shi-Min Zheng. "Influences of probiotics to IL-7 mRNA expression in local mucosal tissues of gastrointestinal and respiratory of chickens." In 2011 International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2011.5966145.

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Eltai, Nahla Omer, Hadi M. Yassine, Sara H. Al-Hadidi, Tahra ElObied, Asmaa A. Al Thani, and Walid Q. Alali. "Retail Chicken Carcasses as a Reservoir of Antimicrobial- Resistant Escherichia coli." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0115.

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The dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) bacteria has been associated with the inappropriate use of antibiotics in both humans and animals and with the consumption of food contaminated with resistant bacteria. In particular, the use of antibiotics as prophylactic and growth promotion purposes in food-producing animals has rendered many of the antibiotics ineffective. The increased global prevalence of AMR poses a significant threat to the safety of the world’s food supply. Objectives: This study aims at determining the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from local and imported retail chicken meat in Qatar. Methodology: A total of 270 whole chicken carcasses were obtained from three different hypermarket stores in Qatar. A total of 216 E. coli were isolated and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing against 18 relevant antibiotics using disc diffusion and micro- dilution methods. Furthermore, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production was determined via a double-disc synergetic test. Isolates harboring colistin resistance were confirmed using multiplex-PCR and DNA sequencing. Results: Nearly 89% (192/216) of the isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotics. In general, isolates showed relatively higher resistance to sulfamethoxazole (62%), tetracycline (59.7%), ampicillin and trimethoprim (52.3%), ciprofloxacin (47.7%), cephalothin, and colistin (31.9%). On the other hand, less resistance was recorded against amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (6%), ceftriaxone (5.1%), nitrofurantoin (4.2%) and piperacillin/tazobactam (4.2%), cefepime (2.3%), meropenem (1.4%), ertapenem (0.9%), and amikacin (0.9%). Nine isolates (4.2%) were ESBL producers. Furthermore, 63.4% were multidrug-resistant (MDR). The percentage of MDR, ESBL producers, and colistin-resistant isolates was significantly higher among local isolates compared to imported chicken samples. Conclusion: We reported a remarkably high percentage of the antibiotic-resistant E. coli in chicken meat sold at retail in Qatar. The high percentage of MDR and colistin isolates is troublesome to the food safety of raw chicken meat and the potential of antibiotic resistance spread to public health. Our findings support the need for the implementation of one health approach to address the spread of antimicrobial resistance and the need for a collaborative solution.
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Suhaemi, Z., and S. G. Hidayati. "Improvement of the Quality of Duck’s and Chicken’s Meat Using African Leaf (Vernonia amygdalina)." In International Seminar on Promoting Local Resources for Sustainable Agriculture and Development (ISPLRSAD 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210609.026.

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Giorges, Aklilu T. G., John Stewart, and John A. Pierson. "Experiment and 2D Numerical Simulation of Cooking Process of Chicken Breast." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12859.

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In this work, we presented the experimental and numerical work of the cooking process of chicken breast muscles. The experimental cooking process was done in a convection oven where the chicken breast was placed on top of the plate. The experimental thermal history of the cooking and cooling process was measured using thermal probes at six locations. The measured temperature is used to evaluate the numerical model and define the heat transfer coefficient. Indeed, the result illustrates that the surface irregularity and the shape have a significant effect on the local temperature profile. In addition, the two-dimensional model illustrates the significance of the product variation in thickness. Although the computational simulation can generate detailed local data, there is no new method developed to quantify and evaluate the efficiency of cooking. Therefore, quantitiave estimation of the degree of cooking process (over- or undercooking) is attempted. Based on the cooking requirement (critical temperature), cooking process, and product shape, the two-dimensional analysis allows quantification of the shape factors that can lead to over and/or undercooking. Furthermore, knowing the cooking profile effect and the product shape and variations, the cooking process may be adjusted and optimized. In addition, the result of the numerical work shows that it is possible to realistically simulate the cooking process of a complicated shape like a chicken breast.
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Handajaningsih, Merakati, Hesti Pujiwati, Doni Putra Pertama Nasution, and Marwanto. "Improving Yield and Performance of Shallot on Ultisol Through Application of Dolomite and Chicken Manure." In International Seminar on Promoting Local Resources for Sustainable Agriculture and Development (ISPLRSAD 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210609.048.

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Nurmeiliasari, Yosi Fenita, Een Zitriyani, and Fitrianti Firdaus. "Physiological Responses and Blood Profile of Broiler Chicken Supplemented with Red Dragon Fruit Peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Subjected to Transportation Stress." In International Seminar on Promoting Local Resources for Sustainable Agriculture and Development (ISPLRSAD 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210609.030.

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Nasution, Syahrizal, Didah Faridah, Eni Kusumaningtyas, Zakiah Wulandari, and Harsi Kusumaningrum. "Antibacterial Activity and RP-HPLC Characteristic of Lysozyme from Local Chicken Egg White after Modification Treatments." In SEAFAST International Seminar. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009979300840088.

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Maulana, Arief, Dian Masyitha, Muslim Akmal, Sri Wahyuni, Zainuddin, and Rosmaidar. "Study of Cerebellum Structure and Histomorphometry of Local Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) Before and After Hatching." In 2nd International Conference on Veterinary, Animal, and Environmental Sciences (ICVAES 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210420.045.

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Mudawaroch, Roisu Eny, and Zulfanita. "The Physical Quality of Local Chicken Eggs (Gallus Gallus Domesticus) in the Traditional Markets of Purworejo Regency, Central Java." In 1st Borobudur International Symposium on Humanities, Economics and Social Sciences (BIS-HESS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200529.115.

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Reports on the topic "Local chickens"

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Anguko, Andrew, and Masud Rana. Livelihoods in Tanzania: Impact evaluation of the ‘Optimizing income of local chicken and sunflower smallholder producers’ project. Oxfam GB, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2017.0971.

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Amuzu-Aweh, Esinam Nancy, Muhammed Walugembe, Boniface Baboreka Kayang, and Amandus Pachificus Muhairwa. Genetic Parameters and Genomic Regions Associated with Growth Rate and Response to Newcastle Disease in Local Chicken Ecotypes in Ghana and Tanzania. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-376.

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Can local products compete against imports in West Africa? Supply-and demand-side perspectives on chicken, rice, and tilapia in Accra, Ghana. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133201.

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Amuzu-Aweh, Esinam Nancy, Boniface Babore Kayang, Amandus Pachificus Muhairwa, Huaijun Zhou, Rodrigo Gallardo, Tara Kelly, Susan J. Lamont, and Jack C. M. Dekkers. Estimating Genetic Parameters for Growth and Response to Infection with La Sota lentogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Strain in Local Chicken Breeds in Ghana and Tanzania. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-322.

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