Journal articles: 'Local government in Tanzania'

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Miguel, Edward. "Tribe or Nation? Nation Building and Public Goods in Kenya versus Tanzania." World Politics 56, no. 3 (April 2004): 327–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887100004330.

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This article examines how government policies affect ethnic relations by comparing outcomes across two nearby districts, one in Kenya and one in Tanzania, using colonial-era boundary placement as a “natural experiment.” Despite similar geography and historical legacies, governments in Kenya and Tanzania have followed radically different language, education, and local institutional policies, with Tanzania consistently pursuing more serious nation building. The evidence suggests that nation building has allowed diverse communities in rural Tanzania to achieve considerably better local public goods outcomes than diverse communities in Kenya. To illustrate, while Kenyan communities at mean levels of diversity have 25 percent less local school funding than homogeneous communities on average, the comparable figure in the Tanzanian district is near zero. The Kenya-Tanzania comparison provides empirical evidence that serious reforms can ameliorate social divisions and suggests that nation-building should take a place on policy agendas, especially in Africa.

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McNeill, D., M. Furuly, and A. Vatn. "REDD+, NGOs and local government in Tanzania." International Forestry Review 20, no. 3 (August 1, 2018): 375–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554818824063087.

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Kinemo, Stella Malangalila. "Local Government Capacity on E-Participation in Tanzania." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 9, no. 4 (December 24, 2019): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i4.16126.

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Rapid development of information has made governments to employ e-participation by using ICT tools for the purpose of involving citizens in government policy issues. The purpose of this study was to examine e-participation tools and local government capacity on e-participation with reference to technical, financial and human resource in Tanzania. The study employed descriptive statistics whereby qualitative and quantitative approaches were applied. The data collection methods used were questionnaire and in depth interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics while qualitative data was analysed using content analysis. The study findings revealed that the municipality does not have adequate technical and financial capacity for e-participation. The findings also revealed that websites and emails were the only e-participation tools used by the municipality. To improve capacity of Kinondoni Municipality in e-participation it is recommended that more funds should be injected to ICT infrastructures and that staff should be recruited and trained for ICT use.

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Furukawa, Mitsuaki, and Junichiro Takahata. "General Budget Support in Tanzania." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 9, no. 4 (December 3, 2018): 477–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-07-2017-0170.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze late disbursements for service delivery by focusing on donors’ General Budget Support disbursement to Tanzania and on the intergovernmental money flows in Tanzania. Design/methodology/approach The authors examined empirical analysis using statistics of intergovernmental transfers in Tanzania. Findings This paper shows that such center-local transfers are significantly correlated with the timing of local government expenditures in general and health expenditures in particular. It also shows that development expenditures are more affected than recurrent expenditures by delays in the transfer. Practical implications In order to improve service delivery on the ground, the transfers from donors to the central government and from the central government to local governments need to be timely. Originality/value The authors examined empirical analysis using statistics of intergovernmental transfers in Tanzania so as to see whether timing of transfers matters or not, which has not been considered thus far.

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Boex, Jameson. "The incidence of local government allocations in Tanzania." Public Administration and Development 23, no. 5 (2003): 381–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pad.289.

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Jiménez, Alejandro, Fimbo F. Mtango, and Sandy Cairncross. "What role for local government in sanitation promotion? Lessons from Tanzania." Water Policy 16, no. 6 (May 19, 2014): 1104–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2014.203.

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Progress in rural access to sanitation is far behind agreed targets, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. As a result, new policies are being defined which shift the role of public investment from infrastructure to sanitation promotion, and give the responsibility of service delivery to local government. This paper analyses the role that local governments can have in sanitation promotion in this new framework. The implementation of the National Sanitation Campaign in Tanzania is analysed using the problem driven governance and political economy analysis methodology. Results show that direct implementation enhances local governments' commitment, but that not all functions carried out are suited to their capacities, motivations and constraints. The challenges identified emerge as a combination of technical weaknesses in the implementation of the adopted methodologies, the political economy of local governments, and the economic and social particularities of rural areas, which are similar to other countries across the region. Recommendations for a more effective service delivery model are made, balancing the role of local government between direct execution, coordination and supportive supervision. The fact of having a government programme with some direct implementation can bring about important differences in the national ownership of, and interest in rural sanitation, which are greatly needed.

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Kessy, Ambrose T. "Decentralisation, Local Governance and Path Dependency Theory." Utafiti 13, no. 1 (March 18, 2018): 54–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26836408-01301005.

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Tanzania has embarked on several radical measures to restructure its economy and governance structures, including local governments. For more than four decades, Tanzania has been striving relentlessly for effective decentralisation measures, yet the progress has been slow. The country has passed through several phases of decentralisation, with each phase inheriting some criticised characteristics that have been difficult to dismantle in the successive phases. For example, previously recognised mistakes have continued to block any attempts to diverge from the direction set by the Ujamaa policies. It is argued here that various attempts at decentralisation by the central government since the 1960s in Tanzania have fallen short of the government’s intentions to establish effective local governance. This being the case, two important questions prevail: Why has Tanzania made little progress towards effective decentralisation, despite various attempts to devolve powers from the centre? Why has Tanzania not fully decentralised, as echoed in the policy paper on Decentralisation-by-Devolution (D-by-D)? There have been a number of explanations for this retardation along the path to decentralisation. This article reflects upon the tenability of path dependency theory which posits that the longer an institution has been in place, the more resilient it is to change.

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Gilson, Lucy, Peter Kilima, and Marcel Tanner. "Local government decentralization and the health sector in Tanzania." Public Administration and Development 14, no. 5 (1994): 451–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pad.4230140503.

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Richey, Lisa. "Family planning and the politics of population in Tanzania: international to local discourse." Journal of Modern African Studies 37, no. 3 (September 1999): 457–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x99003110.

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Population politics in Tanzania reflect multiple understandings of the ‘problem’ of population. While Tanzania has a long history of family planning service provision through its childspacing programmes, a national population policy was not adopted until 1992. This work explores the ambiguity and ambivalence reflected in the discourse surrounding the Tanzanian National Population Policy. Although an international consensus on questions of population and family planning may have been reached at the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo, when we look at actual cases of policy formulation and implementation, the discourse reflects ambiguity and conflict rather than consensus. The Tanzanian case suggests that this ambiguity may be strategic. Competing ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ approaches have been articulated from the level of national policy negotiations to that of local implementation. This enables the Tanzanian government, promoting a ‘positive’ view of population, to ally itself with proponents of an expanded reproductive health agenda without alienating the elements of the population establishment that pushed for a population policy and fund its implementation.

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Kinemo, Stella Malangalila. "Local Government Capacity for Solid Waste Collection in Local Markets in Tanzania." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 9, no. 4 (December 24, 2019): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i4.16125.

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Solid waste collection is one of the roles of municipal councils in Tanzania stipulated by the local government Act of 1982. This study empirically examined the capacity of Morogoro Municipal Council in collecting solid waste generated from the two market centers of Mawenzi and Manzese. The study employed case study design and mixed research approaches of qualitative and quantitative. The data collection methods were in-depth interviews and questionnaire. The data obtained in this study were subjected to interpretative and content analysis for qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative data. Findings revealed that the most dominant type of waste generated in the two markets were the biodegradable wastes generated from natural products such as vegetables, fruits and food remains in general. More findings show that the process of solid waste management needed the resources of different types including financial resources, physical resources and human resources. It was found that Morogoro Municipal Council had inadequate resources to manage the amounts of the generated wastes in the two markets. To improve capacity of collecting solid waste in the two markets the study recommends increasing number of staff, vehicles and containers for waste collection, increase budget for solid waste collection and collect the waste frequently according to the accumulation of waste.

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Sullivan, Noelle. "‘Like a real hospital’: imagining hospital futures through homegrown public–private partnerships in Tanzania." Africa 90, no. 1 (January 2020): 209–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972019001013.

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AbstractThis article traces a shift in how hospital workers at a Tanzanian public hospital thought about their workplace. In 2010, for the first time, staff began collectively imagining what they called ‘a real hospital’. This collective dreaming of institutional possibilities emerged due to two transformations: a shift in Tanzanian government policies enabling government institutions to initiate their own ‘public–private partnerships’ (PPPs) with non-state ‘partners’ such as NGOs, private businesses, investors, missionary organizations and others; and the hospital's early successes in attracting (a few) partners. Unlike familiar global PPPs such as the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, Tanzania's PPP policy allowed health facilities to initiate their own partnerships in order to improve public services. Drawing on longitudinal ethnographic research in one government hospital, this article traces successful, failed and fraught partnership initiatives through which public-sector health workers tried to improve hospital infrastructure and capacity. In tracing institutional aspirations and local workers’ efforts to achieve them through homegrown PPPs, this article highlights the contingency and malleability of public and private spheres operating within public health service provision in Tanzania, as well as the opportunities available to health workers and the constraints involved in attempting to improve hospital care.

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Noe, Christine. "Graduated Sovereignty and Tanzania’s Mineral Sector." Utafiti 14, no. 2 (March 4, 2020): 257–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26836408-14010015.

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Abstract The process through which state sovereignty over natural resources is gained and lost serves as a precondition for other external actors to acquire rights and to appropriate wealth. These external institutions are multinational firms and non-governmental organizations that do not rely on sovereign entities. By building on the concept of graduated sovereignty, the example of Tanzania’s mineral resource demonstrates how ownership rights shift, creating different impacts on the ground. Analysis of historical and contemporary changes in Tanzania’s mineral laws serves as a basis for revealing the ways in which sovereignty is differentiated or graduated within a national territory, given current global relations. Since neither global resource governance nor market conditions are static or predictable, the government of Tanzania responds differently to external forces over time. Tanzania’s most recent national decisions follow the model of neoliberal flexibility and maximisation of profit from natural resources. Consequently, more complex issues of local resource rights have remained unattended over the years of policy and legal reform, resulting in discriminatory treatment and marginalization of different groups in Tanzanian society.

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Rasheli, Geraldine Arbogast. "Procurement contract management in the local government authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania." International Journal of Public Sector Management 29, no. 6 (August 8, 2016): 545–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-10-2015-0173.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the transaction costs involved in managing procurement contracts in the public sector, particularly at the lower and higher level of local governments from the clients’ perspective. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses new institutional economics, specifically the transaction cost approach. A multiple case study design was used, in which five local government authorities (LGAs) were selected from the Kigoma and Tanga regions of Tanzania. Interviews with heads of procurement management units, focus groups and secondary sources were used to collect information for lower level LGAs. Findings Very high information, negotiation and monitoring transaction costs were revealed at the post-contractual stage for higher levels of local government in all cases. Transaction costs were associated with institutional problems, lack of financial resources and attitudes towards accountability, transparency and competition. It was also found that lower levels of local government are faced with very high transaction costs for all procurement stages due to a lack of procurement contract management capacity among ward and village procurement project committees, low levels of support from higher level LGAs, a lack of simple Swahili-standardised documents and guidelines for lower level procurement contract management which reflect current legal issues and the lack of a legal framework for procurement at the lower level of local government. These costs are associated with poor accountability and a lack of competition, transparency and efficiency throughout public procurement chains. Research limitations/implications There is no estimate for quantitative approaches, because it is was difficult to measure transaction costs associated with accountability, transparency and efficiency. Originality/value The paper contributes knowledge on qualitative levels of transaction costs for procurement contract management for both higher and lower levels of LGAs from the clients’ viewpoint.

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Lauwo, Sarah George, Olatunde Julius Otusanya, and Owolabi Bakre. "Corporate social responsibility reporting in the mining sector of Tanzania." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 29, no. 6 (August 15, 2016): 1038–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-06-2013-1380.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the ongoing debate on governance, accountability, transparency and corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the mining sector of a developing country context. It examines the reporting practices of the two largest transnational gold-mining companies in Tanzania in order to draw attention to the role played by local government regulations and advocacy and campaigning by nationally organised non-governmental organisations (NGOs) with respect to promoting corporate social reporting practices. Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes a political economy perspective to consider the serious implications of the neo-liberal ideologies of the global capitalist economy, as manifested in Tanzania’s regulatory framework and in NGO activism, for the corporate disclosure, accountability and responsibility of transnational companies (TNCs). A qualitative field case study methodology is adopted to locate the largely unfamiliar issues of CSR in the Tanzanian mining sector within a more familiar literature on social accounting. Data for the case study were obtained from interviews and from analysis of documents such as annual reports, social responsibility reports, newspapers, NGO reports and other publicly available documents. Findings – Analysis of interviews, press clips and NGO reports draws attention to social and environmental problems in the Tanzanian mining sector, which are arguably linked to the manifestation of the broader crisis of neo-liberal agendas. While these issues have serious impacts on local populations in the mining areas, they often remain invisible in mining companies’ social disclosures. Increasing evidence of social and environmental ills raises serious questions about the effectiveness of the regulatory frameworks, as well as the roles played by NGOs and other pressure groups in Tanzania. Practical implications – By empowering local NGOs through educational, capacity building, technological and other support, NGOs’ advocacy, campaigning and networking with other civil society groups can play a pivotal role in encouraging corporations, especially TNCs, to adopt more socially and environmentally responsible business practices and to adhere to international and local standards, which in turn may help to improve the lives of many poor people living in developing countries in general, and Tanzania in particular. Originality/value – This paper contributes insights from gold-mining activities in Tanzania to the existing literature on CSR in the mining sector. It also contributes to political economy theory by locating CSR reporting within the socio-political and regulatory context in which mining operations take place in Tanzania. It is argued that, for CSR reporting to be effective, robust regulations and enforcement and stronger political pressure must be put in place.

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Fjeldstad, Odd-Helge. "Taxation, coercion and donors: local government tax enforcement in Tanzania." Journal of Modern African Studies 39, no. 2 (June 2001): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x01003627.

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This paper presents three propositions about tax collection by local authorities in Tanzania. First, revenue performance depends on the degree of coercion involved in tax enforcement. Reciprocity does not seem to be an inherent component of the state–society relationship in connection with local government taxation. Second, the extent of coercion depends on the bargaining powers of the stakeholders involved in the tax enforcement process. In particular, coercive tax enforcement is facilitated when the ‘bargaining powers’ with respect to tax collection favour the council administration, and the elected councillors have no direct influence on collection. Third, the presence of donors in a local authority may be crucial by changing the ‘balance of power’ in favour of the council administration, with implications for accountability, responsiveness and democratic development. These results may explain why widespread differences in revenue performance between local authorities are observed.

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Schou, A. "Democratic Local Government and Responsiveness: Lessons from Zimbabwe and Tanzania." International Journal of Comparative Sociology 41, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 121–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002071520004100107.

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Schou, Arild. "Democratic Local Government and Responsiveness: Lessons from Zimbabwe and Tanzania." International Journal of Comparative Sociology 41, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 121–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851800511702.

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Liviga, Athumani J. "Local government in Tanzania: Partner in development or administrative agent of the central government?" Local Government Studies 18, no. 3 (September 1992): 208–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03003939208433639.

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Kesale, Anosisye Mwandulusya. "Decentralization by Devolution; Perceptions of Councilors on the Level of their Decision Making Authority in Local Government Experience from Tarime Town Council." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 6, no. 4 (November 20, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v6i4.10001.

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Early 1990s governments across the South have embarked on democratic decentralization reforms aimed at introducing and strengthening local governance because of its assumed potential to improve the delivery of public services and alleviate poverty. To comply with that international practice, in early 2000 Tanzania government decide embarked on an ambitious Local Government Reform Program that addressed Political decentralization. Political decentralization signaled the government’s commitment to enhance the decision making authority of local government councils on matters affecting local development including determining priorities for local development, land use, finance, service delivery and human resource management. This paper sought to find out whether the selected local government council led by councilors enjoys the development planning, and service delivery authority as established in the local government law. The findings have confirmed that the case study council enjoyed modest decision making authority in the areas of local development planning, selecting local development strategy, and enjoyed even greater authority over service delivery powers.

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Pazi, Rukia Mohamed. "The Legal Framework Limitations for the Effective Intergovernmental Relations in Tanzania." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no. 2 (June 13, 2018): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i2.13278.

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Legal framework is very critical for the effective intergovernmental relations in Tanzania. It is through the legal framework where the spheres of the government derive their legitimacy and the manner of interaction. The study finds essential to have a glimpse on legal framework that provides for the existence of Intergovernmental relations in Tanzania. The intention is to have an assessment to see whether the legal framework in place provide a favorable environment for the central government and the local government authorities to work effectively. The study found out that the legal frame is ineffective to enhance central and local relations as it impinges the functionality of local government authorities. The study recommends that policy makers should consider enacting legal framework that clearly spell out the duties and demarcates the rights and responsibility of each party.

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Theophil, Benedict Assey, Kalegele Khamis, and Chachage Bukaza. "Factors influencing fixed asset losses in local government authorities in Tanzania." African Journal of Business Management 11, no. 4 (February 28, 2017): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajbm2016.8210.

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Kessy, Ambrose T., and Willy McCourt. "Is Decentralization Still Recentralization? The Local Government Reform Programme in Tanzania." International Journal of Public Administration 33, no. 12-13 (October 19, 2010): 689–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2010.514454.

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Kajimbwa, Monsiapile Gaudence Agapto. "Benchmarking accountability of local government authorities in public procurement in Tanzania." Benchmarking: An International Journal 25, no. 6 (August 6, 2018): 1829–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-08-2016-0120.

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PurposePublic management work has tended to ignore the application of benchmarking accountability of local government authorities (LGAs) in public procurement. To that effect, the purpose of this paper is to present the applicability of a benchmarking model as an instrument for improving accountability of procuring entities such as LGAs in public procurement practices.Design/methodology/approachA case study from United States Agency for International Development funded Chemonics International’s Program—Pamoja Twajenga in Tanzania has been used to effectively showcase the efficacy of the benchmarking model in increasing compliance and improve accountability of LGAs as procuring entities. Performance assessment of eight Tanzania LGAs’ internal public procurement practices was conducted using the benchmarking model. Benchmarking Framework of Compliance Standards and Performance Indictors in Public Procurement (FCSPIPP) was developed and applied in conducting a benchmark assessment of the LGAs. The methodology of a benchmark assessment encompassed number scoring of perceived performance of each LGA for each indicator of a compliance standard.FindingsThe case study has conceded that the benchmarking model is an instrument which can be applied for improving the accountability of LGAs in public procurement practices. Looking at the scale of LGAs’ purchases, the case study reveals that monitoring compliance may greatly benefit from the methodological approach of benchmarking. The benchmark assessment adopted in this case study offers a collective instrument for LGAs in developing countries to measure, compare and learn to improve in public procurement practices. The model offers public procurement entities, such as LGAs, with an opportunity to learn based on performance and improvement of peers. The FCSPIPP presented in this case study is the main pillar of the benchmark assessment in public procurement.Research limitations/implicationsThe major limitation of this case study is that it relies only on the findings and lessons learnt from the benchmarking of eight LGAs in Tanzania. Presumably, it would be useful to would have been more useful if more countries from developing economies were included in the case study; it could have increased the plausibility of the applicability of the model at the local government levels.Practical implicationsImplicitly, public procurement and regulatory authorities in developing countries need to learn, improve its role and develop capacity in the application of benchmarking for enforcing compliance in public procurement practices. Since the approach is based on listening from the procuring entities, the model provides the procurement Authority to work on policy challenges affecting the procuring entities to comply with what the procurement process requires. Deliberate efforts are needed to strengthen the capacity of developing countries to put in place policies and reforms that pave the way for the use of process benchmarking in public procurement at the LGAs level.Social implicationsSince benchmarking encourages active participation of the user department and community in the procurement process, presupposes curbing corruption red flags and improved value for money contracts for improved social services. The methodological approach of monitoring procuring entities, using process benchmarking, provides public procurement and regulatory agencies and LGAs a collegial, participative and self-discovering on what constitutes compliance. This may enhance the sense of answerability of procurement officers to citizens.Originality/valueThis study confirms the efficacy of the benchmarking model as an alternative and complementary instrument to traditional compliance audit in public procurement. The application of an FCSPIPP means that benchmarking results may be used to improve public procurement practices.

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Venugopal, Varsha, and Serdar Yilmaz. "Decentralization in Tanzania: An assessment of local government discretion and accountability." Public Administration and Development 30, no. 3 (March 16, 2010): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pad.556.

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Pallangyo, William, and Christopher J. Rees. "Local Government Reform Programs and Human Resource Capacity Building in Africa: Evidence from Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania." International Journal of Public Administration 33, no. 12-13 (October 19, 2010): 728–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2010.514714.

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Mkoma, Rahel Nasoni, and Charles Tinabo Rwekaza. "Decentralization in Tanzania: Perceptible Efficiency and Effectiveness in Management of Community Health Care, Free Basic Education and Public Private Partnership." HOLISTICA – Journal of Business and Public Administration 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hjbpa-2021-0006.

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Abstract Decentralization has been a means to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in the management of local government affairs. Tanzania has undergone a reform through decentralization by devolution (D by D) and shifted relative power to lower levels of government known as local government authorities. The purpose is to improve the management of local government affair including the management of community health, free basic education and the management of contracts through public-private partnership. The objective of this paper is to review and analyse on how D by D has enhanced efficiency and effectiveness in the management of local government affairs in Tanzania. Data were collected through reviewing different documents including published journal articles, unpublished Master and PhD thesis/dissertations, government reports and online materials. Efficiency and effectiveness in the management of local government affairs are enhanced by D by D as there are improvements in the management of the community health fund as the number of households enrolled is consecutively increasing in the past five years from 543,328 in 2012/2013 to 2,251,055 in 2017/2018giving a total of 13,506,330 beneficiaries out of the total population. In the management of free fee basic education, head masters, mistress and head teachers in Singida and Ruangwa districts are successful in overcoming the challenges of free fee basic education while there is improved community participation in the management of management of contracted services in Ulanga district council. This paper recommends for reviewing and analysing how D by D has enhanced management of waste collection, the use of Government electronic Payment Gateway (GePG) in revenue collection and the efficiency and effectiveness of Tanzania Rural and Urban Roads Agency (TARURA).

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Makulilo, Alexander B. "Tanganyika Law Society and the Legal and Human Rights Centre V. Tanzania and rev. Christopher R. Mtikila V. Tanzania (Afr. CT. H.R.)." International Legal Materials 52, no. 6 (December 2013): 1327–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/intelegamate.52.6.1327.

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On June 14, 2013, the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights (the Court), in the consolidated matter of Tanganyika Law Society and the Legal and Human Rights Centre v. Tanzania and Rev. Christopher R. Mtikila v. Tanzania, found that the government of Tanzania violated the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (African Charter) when it prohibited independent candidates from contesting presidential, parliamentary, and local government elections. The case provides insight into the trajectory of the Court and its approach towards the jurisprudence of other international and regional human rights organs.

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Lawrence, Mrutu Lukio, and Stella Kinemo. "The Myth of Administrative Decentralization in the Context of Centralized Human Resources Recruitment in Tanzania." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 9, no. 1 (March 21, 2019): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i1.13798.

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Tanzania is implementing the decentralization by devolution policy (D by D) as a mechanism of facilitating quick development process through the involvement of people from grass root levels. One of the areas for decentralization is administrative decentralization whereby local government authorities are regarded as autonomous organs when it comes to management of human resources from hiring to firing. However, recently from 2009, the government decided to establish a new centralized recruitment system, which recruits and allocates human resources on behalf of local government authorities and other government institutions. Several reasons have been advocated in favour of these changes like to facilitate uniformity and lack of meritocracy by the local government authorities. Using secondary data, this paper attempts to show how the establishment of centralized recruitment in Tanzania has acted as a thorn towards the full attainment of administrative decentralization. The paper ends by concluding that centralized recruitment has not only weakened local authorities in implementing D by D policy but it has left a lacuna in the real meaning of D by D policy.

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Mahyoro, Athuman Kalokola, and Pendo Shukrani Kasoga. "Attributes of the internal audit function and effectiveness of internal audit services: evidence from local government authorities in Tanzania." Managerial Auditing Journal 36, no. 7 (August 25, 2021): 999–1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-12-2020-2929.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how the level of attributes of the internal audit function relates to the effectiveness of internal audit services in local government authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania. Design/methodology/approach Data have been collected through a survey whereby 510 respondents from LGAs in Tanzania through their Heads of Internal Audit Functions, Internal Auditors and Chairpersons of Audit Committees respond to the questionnaire. The data were subjected to principal component analysis and exploratory factor analysis to reduce the set of items and to provide continuous scores for use in multiple regression analyses. Findings The findings reveal that audit quality; organization setting and auditee attributes have a significant positive influence on the effectiveness of internal audit services in LGAs in Tanzania. Research limitations/implications The study covered only LGAs in Tanzania. Future research in this field should address the gaps identified in the study. Practical implications This paper highlights areas that need management attention on the improvement of the effectiveness of internal audit units. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature of both internal auditing and management studies by linking the level of attributes of internal audit function which are audit quality, organization setting, auditee attributes and effectiveness of internal audit services in Tanzania.

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Mtasigazya, Paul. "THE EFFICACY OF TENDERING PROCESS ON OUTSSOURCED REVENUE COLLECTION IN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN TANZANIA: EXPERIENCE FROM SELECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENT COUNCILS." PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences 4, no. 3 (February 15, 2019): 1712–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2019.43.17121729.

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Mrutu, Lukio, and Pendo Mganga. "Outsourcing or Giving all Out? Experience from Tanzania Local Government Revenue Collection." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 6, no. 3 (September 8, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v6i3.8695.

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Outsourcing revenue collection in Local Government Authorities has been adopted as a mechanism to solve the previous problems of revenue collection which resulted into loss and missmanagement of the whole process. One of the expectations was to increase revenue collection which will provide a room for fiscal autonomy. However, experience from few local government authorities which have outsourced their revenue collection shows that, the whole process of outsourcing has not yielded the expected outcome especially on enabling local authorities to have fiscal autonomy instead it has turned to benefit the private agent who collect Tax. By using secondary data this paper attempts to show how the process of outsourcing is benefiting the private agent and therefore it is like giving everything out. It concludes that, though outsourcing seems to benefit local authorities by reducing some tasks especially on tax collection, outsorcing benefits much a private agent and therefore quick meausures should be adopted including building the capacity of Local Authorities in identifying the sources of revenue and in estimating the actual collections so as to have clear picture of how much will be generated by the agent and what should be the appropriate amount to be submitted to the Local authority.

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Fjeldstad, Odd-Helge, and Joseph Semboja. "Dilemmas of Fiscal Decentralisation: A Study of Local Government Taxation in Tanzania." Forum for Development Studies 27, no. 1 (June 2000): 7–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08039410.2000.9666122.

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Njunwa, Kelvin M. "Employee’s Motivation in Rural Local Governments in Tanzania: Empirical Evidence from Morogoro District Council." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 7, no. 4 (December 6, 2017): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v7i4.12240.

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Human resources apart from other resources in an organization are the most valuable resource for effective organizational performance. Organization either public or private is highly depends on employee’s performance and commitment towards achieving organizational goals. Employee’s commitment is associated with employee’s motivation at workplace and depends highly on how management treats employees. The purpose of this paper was to analyze employee’s motivation in rural Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania. The case study design was employed in which Morogoro District Council (MDC) was randomly selected as a study case. The sample size of the study was 55 employees from management, middle and lower levels. The methods of data collection used includes, Interview and self-administered questionnaires and observations. Data collected was analyzed through Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS). The study revealed that employees in local governments are not motivated in both financial and non financial aspects. Employees are dissatisfied with low salaries, lack of promotion and career development, poor training program, working environment, poor communication, unfair treatments and political interferences. The study recommends for the central government to improve salaries to employees, ensure fair promotion based on merits, invest in employee training and development, secure low rates loans, improve communication and relations between management and employees as well as to minimize political interference to local government employees by elected officials.

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Schneider, Leander. "The Tanzania National Archives." History in Africa 30 (2003): 447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361541300003326.

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This note aims to provide an overview of the Tanzania National Archives (TNA) system and the records it houses. The system comprises a headquarters in Dar es Salaam and six regional branch offices located in Mbeya, Mwanza, Arusha, Dodoma, Tanga, and Singida. Access to the TNA requires a research permit from the Tanzania Commission for Research and Technology. It is best to apply well in advance. Attaching a letter of recommendation from a contact at the University of Dar es Salaam that comments specifically on the value of the proposed research project to the application can expedite its processing tremendously. Computers may be used in the archives and researchers may ask for specific folios to be photocopied. It is advisable to keep detailed records of requests.The three major groups of materials retained within the TNA system are records from German colonial times (pre-1916/17), the British records (pre-1962), and records from various levels of government and administration of post-independence Tanzania (Tanganyika). Almost all colonial records in the collection are housed at the TNA headquarters, as are most of those post-independence documents that originate from central government and ministerial headquarters. A considerable number of post-1962 records originating from local level government and administration have also been moved to Dar es Salaam.

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Njunwa, Kelvin M. "Understanding Political – Administrative Relations in Local Governments in Tanzania: A Case of Tanga City Council." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no. 2 (June 26, 2018): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i2.13324.

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Political-administrative relations are attracting the attention of researchers in the current public administration domain in developing countries. Local governments in Tanzania operate based on two types of officials namely; politicians and administrators and whose performance is largely dependent on the relationship of the two. The purpose of the paper was to provide a clear picture of the political-administrative relation in local governments. The study adopted a case study design by purposefully selecting Tanga City Council. A total of fifty (50) respondents were selected purposefully based on their knowledge and experience in working with the elected officials. The methods of data collection used include, survey method, interview, observation, Focus Group Discussion and Key Focus Interview (KFIs). Qualitative data were analysed using content analysis and quantitative data were analysed using SPSS whereby descriptive statistics were computed. The study revealed that the relationship between the elected and the appointed officials is characterized by conflict, distrust and interference that negatively affect employee’s performance in local government. Further, the study revealed that poor relations is highly associated with conflict of interests, distrust, task interdependence, political interference, lack of education on the side of politicians, poor communication and partisan politics. The study recommends that the government should have a regular monitoring of the relations between the two and encourage cooperation. Also the elected officials need to be trained on how to perform their roles in their areas of jurisdiction. The study recommend further that the elected and the appointed officials should perform their duties for public interests, increase the level of trust and do away with partisan politics in performing local government functions.

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Mashala, Yusuph Lameck, and Lazaro Alman Kisumbe. "Talent Development Practices and its implications on Leadership Quality in Local Government Authorities in Tanzania." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 10, no. 3 (September 10, 2020): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v10i3.17369.

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Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania are expected to fuel growth respond timely to the demands of the community; they should, therefore, ensure that the working capital is ready to embrace changes and can functionally as well as behaviorally take on key roles as effective strategic leaders. This study investigated the effect of talent development practices on leadership quality in LGAs in Tanzania. The study collected data from seventy- two (72) respondents from three LGAs (Kigoma Municipal, Kasulu and Mkuranga District Councils) through questionnaires. Data were analysed, using SPSS and presented using descriptive and inferential statistics. The overall findings suggested that training and development, employee engagement, leadership development, and employee sourcing positively affect leadership quality in LGAs. The study maintained that LGAs should have a characterized talent development strategy, which can be executed adequately to enhance talent progression.

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Jennings, Michael. "‘We Must Run While Others Walk’: popular participation and development crisis in Tanzania, 1961–9." Journal of Modern African Studies 41, no. 2 (May 20, 2003): 163–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x0300421x.

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The early independence period in Tanzania was not simply an ante-chamber to the post-Arusha Declaration period of Ujamaa. The state undertook to incorporate, for the first time, the people of Tanzania in the formal development planning structures in an attempt to marry national developmental objectives to local needs. Self-help, or ‘nation building’ as it was also known, was an attempt to bring consensus and dialogue to the planning process. The scale of self-help activity unleashed by its formal adoption as part of rural development policy caught the government by surprise, however, and raised fears over the level of control that local government in particular was able to exert over popular efforts in development. The gradual emergence of statism in Tanzania, in place by the end of the decade, was in large part the response of a panicking state, fearing an imminent crisis in its power to direct development policy, and maintain command over scarce resources.

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Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, Silivano Edson Mwakinyali, Sukma Putra, and Lillian Mwanri. "The socio-economic impacts of AIDS on families caring for AIDS-orphaned children in Mbeya rural district, Tanzania." International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 10, no. 2 (May 8, 2017): 132–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhrh-01-2017-0002.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the socio-economic impacts of AIDS on families caring for AIDS-orphaned children in Mbeya rural district, Tanzania. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative inquiry employing one-on-one in-depth interviews was conducted in 2015. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit participants (n=24) comprising 20 heads of families caring for AIDS-orphaned children, two local government staff and two staff from Isangati Agricultural Development Organisation – a non-government organisation. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic and framework approach. Findings Results demonstrated that families caring for AIDS-orphaned children experienced severe socio-economic impacts of the epidemic. Reduction in household savings, increase in living expenses on health care and increased education fees were the identified economic impacts on these families. Social impacts included labour shortage, withdrawal of children from school and increased demand for food. Social implications There is a need for urgent responses and for scaling up programmes delivered by organisations, institutions and the government of Tanzania to help families cope with these impacts. Originality/value This study provides evidence on socio-economic impacts of AIDS on families caring for AIDS-orphaned children in Tanzania. An understanding of these impacts can help governmental and non-governmental institutions and programme planners to address the problem in their policies and develop evidence-based strategies and interventions in responding to the problem in Mbeya and Tanzania. Moreover, responses to reducing the impacts of AIDS on families require a holistic approach that encourages the involvement of all sectors and agents outside of the health sector.

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Kessy, Ambrose T. "The Demand and Supply Sides of Accountability in Local Government Authorities in Tanzania." Public Integrity 22, no. 6 (March 19, 2020): 606–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10999922.2020.1739361.

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40

Fjeldstad, Odd-Helge. "Collectors, councillors and donors: Local government taxation and state-society relations in Tanzania." IDS Bulletin 33, no. 3 (July 2002): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.2002.tb00032.x.

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Rasheli, Geraldine Arbogast, and Tahir Nisar. "Small business value chains in local government authorities (LGAs) procurement contracts in Tanzania." Cogent Business & Management 3, no. 1 (November 22, 2016): 1259088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2016.1259088.

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Brockington, Dan. "Forests, Community Conservation, and Local Government Performance: The Village Forest Reserves of Tanzania." Society & Natural Resources 20, no. 9 (August 27, 2007): 835–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920701460366.

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Kelsall, Tim. "Rituals of Verification: Indigenous and Imported Accountability in Northern Tanzania." Africa 73, no. 2 (May 2003): 174–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2003.73.2.174.

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AbstractHolding people to account for their actions is a feature of all societies. This article examines two different mechanisms of accountability, both of which are used in the Arumeru District of Tanzania. The first is a form of ritual cursing called ‘breaking a pot'; the second is the local government financial audit. By placing both practices in the same frame the article aims to unsettle the conceptual divide between the rational and the irrational, the modern and traditional, the scientific and the occult. It also asks whether imported forms of local government, such as are represented by Arumeru District Council, might be made responsible via indigenous and indexical mechanisms of accountability, or whether imported institutions are best rendered accountable by ‘universal’ means.

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Rasheli, Geraldine A. "Action research in procurement management; evidence from selected lower local government authorities in Tanzania." Action Research 15, no. 4 (June 10, 2016): 373–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476750316653813.

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The aim of the paper was to show how opportunities provided by Action Research models could solve problems related to procurement management in three selected lower local government authorities in Tanzania. It builds on Marja Liisa Swantz’s participant research. Three phases of Action Research were adapted from Lewin’s spiral framework. Purposive technique was used to select members of Action Research groups for the lower local government authority. It was revealed that problems were mainly in planning, managing records, bid evaluation, knowledge on legal framework and contract management for works. Attitudes on transparency and accountability among actors were also not in line with principles of public procurement. Action plans developed were implemented and evaluated. Three components, i.e. research, actions and training were combined to improve procurement planning, records and contract management. There were remarkable improvements in planning, record keeping and contract management. Positive attitudes towards equality, transparency and accountability were also reported for villages which participated in Action Research. A need for integrating Action Research with lower local government authorities’ procurement activities is recommended. However, there are challenges such as building culture of self assessment, frequent transfer of personnel to other government departments and the temporary nature of village project committees.

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Harrison, Graham. "From the global to the local? Governance and development at the local level: reflections from Tanzania." Journal of Modern African Studies 46, no. 2 (May 14, 2008): 169–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x08003182.

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ABSTRACTGovernance reform practice has mostly focused on building up and transforming central state institutions. Furthermore, the politics of aid has often constructed a very ‘introverted’ politics based in large cities. This article explores the means through which governance ideas are implemented outside this ‘governance realm’, by looking at the ways in which the Lushoto District government in Tanzania has mediated a range of policy changes that have emanated from the state/donor centre. Identifying three distinct but inter-related repertoires of political practice, it argues that governance at the local level has been largely about financial management, and that this aspect of reform is in tension with local developmentalism and is more starkly opposed to local veranda politics.

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Eriksen, Stein Sundstøl. "Councils, Capacity Building and the State: The Context of Local Government Reform in Tanzania." Journal für Entwicklungspolitik 18, no. 1 (2002): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20446/jep-2414-3197-18-1-9.

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Kesale, Anosisye Mwandulusya. "Selected Experiences of the Use of the Village Assembly in the Governance at the Grassroots Levels in Ludewa District Council in Tanzania." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 7, no. 2 (April 12, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v7i2.11062.

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This study attempted to find out whether the local government reform crusade i.e. campaign began by the government of Tanzania since 1990s has actually resulted into promotion of accountability, participation and transparency in village governance in Tanzania. The study specifically concentrated on looking the extent village assembly influences village governance (accountability, transparence and participation) in the two selected village of Ludewa Mjini and Ludewa Vijijini village. The experience has revealed that to some extent village assembly influence accountability, participation and transparency in village governance. However, the study has found that village leader’s accountability and transparency are largely influenced by civic education level, active participation and accessed of information of village assembly members.

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Richards, Nathalie. "Water Users Associations in Tanzania: Local Governance for Whom?" Water 11, no. 10 (October 19, 2019): 2178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11102178.

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In order to implement Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) according to good practice, governments and development agencies have promoted the setting-up of Water Users Associations (WUAs) as a broadly applicable model for water management at the local level. WUAs are promoted as key to the rolling out of IWRM principles through a participative process. Using intensive qualitative data, this paper discusses Tanzanian WUAs in light of the Regulatory Framework within which they operate. I argue that although the government’s objectives are to achieve an equitable and sustainable allocation of water resources, the formalisation of water allocation has led to the exclusion of specific water users. This paper focuses on the Great Ruaha River Catchment (GRRC), where water scarcity has led to competition between investors and small-scale water users. The GRRC is an environment in which formal and informal practices overlap, due to legal pluralism and the incremental implementation of water governance frameworks. This study calls for a reassessment of the role of WUAs in Tanzania. There is a clear gap between the theoretical clarity of tasks handed to WUAs (particularly their role in formalising access to water), and the messiness of everyday practice.

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Bélair, Joanny. "Land investments in Tanzania: assessing the role of state brokers." Journal of Modern African Studies 56, no. 3 (August 6, 2018): 371–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x18000289.

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AbstractFocusing on one of the most targeted areas for land investments in Tanzania (Rufiji district), this article compares the involvement of two Tanzanian state agencies in land acquisition, in the context of the central government's new strategy on productive investors. Given the fragmented and contentious authority of many African states, I investigate the impact of state intermediaries on the relationships between investors and local populations and consider bureaucrats as a group of actors to analyse flows of power within the state. I make two main points. First, the central state's weak infrastructural power and resulting lack of local knowledge, and, conversely, local bureaucrats’ possession of these valuable resources, reverses the flow of power from local to central. Second, a central monitoring process might have a negative effect. Instead of protecting vulnerable populations, it fosters institutional innovations that protect local bureaucrats’ opportunities for accumulation with investors, to the detriment of local populations.

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Mtasigazya, Paul. "THE IMPACT OF INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL TRANSFERS ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTONOMY AND SERVICE DELIVERY IN TANZANIA." PUPIL: International Journal of Teaching, Education and Learning 3, no. 2 (September 28, 2019): 68–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijtel.2019.32.6893.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Local government in Tanzania'

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