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Journal articles on the topic 'Local solidification conditions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 June 2024

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Sobolev, S. L. "Rapid solidification under local nonequilibrium conditions." Physical Review E 55, no. 6 (1997): 6845–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.55.6845.

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2

Shayesteh, G., A. Ludwig, M. Stefan-Kharicha, M. Wu, and A. Kharicha. "On the conditions for the occurrence of crystal avalanches during alloy solidification." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2766, no. 1 (2024): 012199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2766/1/012199.

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Abstract Experimental studies on the solidification of ammonium-chloride-water alloys in relatively large containments reveal conditions that lead to the formation of numerous crystal avalanches. Columnar segments that occasionally slide downwards along a vertical mushy zone further fragmentate and so crystal multiplication occurs. As a condition for this phenomenon solidification-induced solutal buoyancy that leads to a rising interdendritic flow was identified for the present case. The interaction with sedimentation-induced downward flow ahead of a vertical columnar region results in a redir

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3

Domeij, Björn, and Attila Diószegi. "Solidification Chronology of the Metal Matrix and a Study of Conditions for Micropore Formation in Cast Irons Using EPMA and FTA." Materials Science Forum 925 (June 2018): 436–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.925.436.

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Microsegregation is intimately coupled with solidification, the development of microstructure, and involved in the formation of various casting defects. This paper demonstrates how the local composition of the metal matrix of graphitic cast irons, measured using quantitative electron microprobe analysis, can be used to determine its solidification chronology. The method is applied in combination with Fourier thermal analysis to investigate the formation of micropores in cast irons with varying proportions of compacted and spheroidal graphite produced by remelting. The results indicate that mic

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4

Sobolev, S. L. "Driving force for binary alloy solidification under far from local equilibrium conditions." Acta Materialia 93 (July 2015): 256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2015.04.028.

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5

Sobolev, Sergey L., Mikhail G. Tokmachev, and Yuri R. Kolobov. "Rapid Multicomponent Alloy Solidification with Allowance for the Local Nonequilibrium and Cross-Diffusion Effects." Materials 16, no. 4 (2023): 1622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16041622.

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Motivated by the fast development of various additive manufacturing technologies, we consider a mathematical model of re-solidification of multicomponent metal alloys, which takes place after ultrashort (femtosecond) pulse laser melting of a metal surface. The re-solidification occurs under highly nonequilibrium conditions when solutes diffusion in the bulk liquid cannot be described by the classical diffusion equation of parabolic type (Fick law) but is governed by diffusion equation of hyperbolic type. In addition, the model takes into account diffusive interaction between different solutes

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6

Plotkowski, A., K. Fezi, and M. J. M. Krane. "Estimation of transient heat transfer and fluid flow for alloy solidification in a rectangular cavity with an isothermal sidewall." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 779 (August 14, 2015): 53–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.424.

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Transient scaling and integral analyses were performed to predict trends in alloy solidification in a rectangular cavity cooled by an isothermal sidewall. The natural convection fluid flow was approximated by a scaling analysis for a laminar boundary layer at the solidification front, and was coupled to scaling and integral analyses of the energy equation to predict the solidification behaviour of the system. These analyses predicted several relevant aspects of the solidification process, including the time required to extinguish the initial superheat and the maximum local solidification time

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7

Gotterbarm, Martin R., Alexander M. Rausch, and Carolin Körner. "Fabrication of Single Crystals through a µ-Helix Grain Selection Process during Electron Beam Metal Additive Manufacturing." Metals 10, no. 3 (2020): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10030313.

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Selective Electron Beam Melting (SEBM) is a powder bed-based additive manufacturing process for metals. As the electron beam can be moved inertia-free by electromagnetic lenses, the solidification conditions can be deliberately adjusted within the process. This enables control over the local solidification conditions. SEBM typically leads to columnar grain structures. Based on numerical simulation, we demonstrated how technical single crystals develop in IN718 by forcing the temperature gradient along a µ-Helix. The slope of the µ-Helix, i.e., the deviation of the thermal gradient from the bui

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8

Zimmermann, Gerhard, Viktor T. Vitusevych, and Laszlo Sturz. "Microstructure Formation in AlSi6Cu4 Alloy with Forced Melt Flow Induced by a Rotating Magnetic Field." Materials Science Forum 649 (May 2010): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.649.249.

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The objective of this paper is the experimental investigation of the microstructure in Al-6wt%Si-4wt%Cu alloy, directionally solidified without and with forced melt flow, induced by a rotating magnetic field. The flow leads to reduced primary dendrite spacing and to strong radial segregation of silicon and copper. As a consequence the local solidification conditions change, resulting in different types of Al2Cu phase formation. This outcome is explained by ThermoCalc calculations predicting the corresponding solidification behavior.

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9

Menshikova, Svetlana G., and Nikolai M. Chtchelkatchev. "Local Structure and Solidification of Al-Ni-Co-REM Melts at High Pressure (up to 10 GPa)." Himičeskaâ fizika i mezoskopiâ 26, no. 2 (2024): 226–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.62669/17270227.2024.2.20.

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High pressure affects the solidification of glass-forming melts based on aluminum with transition and rare earth metals, allowing the synthesis of new metastable compounds that are stable for quite a long time under normal conditions. An attempt was made to connect high pressure with the glass-forming ability of melts. Using X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy methods, the effect of high pressure (up to 10 GPa) on the solidification of melts of complex multicomponent glass-forming alloys Al86Ni4Co4Gd6, Al86Ni2Co6Gd6, Al86Ni6Go4Gd2Er2, Al86Ni6Co4Gd2Tb2 with a temperature of 1800 K under c

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10

Merchant, G. J., and S. H. Davis. "Kinetic Effects in Directional Solidification." Applied Mechanics Reviews 43, no. 5S (1990): S76—S78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3120855.

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Mullins and Sekerka showed for fixed temperature gradient that the planar interface is linearly stable for all pulling speeds V above some critical value, the absolute stability limit. Near this limit, where solidification rates are rapid, the assumption of local equilibrium at the interface may be violated. We incorporate nonequilibrium effects into a linear stability analysis of the planar front by allowing the segregation coefficient and interface temperature to depend on V in a thermodynamically-consistent way. In addition to the steady cellular mode, we find a new branch of long-wavelengt

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11

Heckmann, C. J., W. Stets, and G. Wolf. "Plate Fracture of Nodular Cast Iron." Key Engineering Materials 457 (December 2010): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.457.367.

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Plate fracture is a defective fracture structure in nodular cast iron that can be found especially in the transition area of feeder, feeder neck and the cast part itself. It occurs rather spontaneously due to the fact that the exact reason for it is still unknown. The microstructure of the casting in the area of plate fracture comprises aligned graphite nodules in combination with a pronounced dendritic microstructure as characteristical features. A series of casting trials was performed in which plate like samples were produced. It could be shown by means of metallographic investigation of th

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12

Huo, Miao, Chuyue Chen, Hangyue Jian, Wenchao Yang, and Lin Liu. "The Stray Grains from Fragments in the Rejoined Platforms of Ni-Based Single-Crystal Superalloy." Metals 13, no. 8 (2023): 1470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13081470.

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Nickel-based single crystal superalloy is the most important material for blade preparation. However, some solidification defects inevitably occur during the process of preparing single-crystal blades through directional solidification. In this study, in order to study the origin of misorientation defects during solidification, a model with rejoined platforms was designed according to the geometry of single-crystal guide vanes. Electron Back-Scattering Diffraction (EBSD) was used to quantify the orientation deviation of the dendrites and identify the solidification defects in the rejoined plat

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13

Rittinghaus, Silja-Katharina, and Jonas Zielinski. "Influence of Process Conditions on the Local Solidification and Microstructure During Laser Metal Deposition of an Intermetallic TiAl Alloy (GE4822)." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 52, no. 3 (2021): 1106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-021-06139-2.

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AbstractTemperature-time cycles are essential for the formation of microstructures and thus the mechanical properties of materials. In additive manufacturing, components undergo changing temperature regimes because of the track- and layer-wise build-up. Because of the high brittleness of titanium aluminides, preheating is used to prevent cracking. This also effects the thermal history. In the present study, local solidification conditions during the additive manufacturing process of Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb with laser metal deposition (LMD) are investigated by both simulation and experimental investiga

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14

Basu, I., J. T. Wood, and Jonathan P. Weiler. "Effect of Process Variables on Microstructural Features during Solidification of AM60B Magnesium Alloy." Materials Science Forum 706-709 (January 2012): 1279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.706-709.1279.

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In this study, commercial AM60B magnesium alloy was studied under different solidification conditions to understand the influence of cooling rate, thermal gradient, growth velocity, Niyama criterion, solidification time and mold dimensions on microstructural features such as secondary and tertiary dendrite arm spacing, grain size, porosity, pore shape and size, local morphological and phase variations. Porosity, grain size and dendrite arm spacing were measured as functions of the process variables. It was realized that the process of mold filling and solidification are simultaneous in nature

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15

Cenni, Riccardo, Matteo Cova, and Giacomo Bertuzzi. "A methodology to consider local material properties in structural optimization." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231, no. 15 (2016): 2822–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406216640807.

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We propose a finite element methodology to consider local material properties for large cast iron components in shape optimization. We found that considering local strength instead of uniform strength within shape optimization brings to different results in terms of safety-cost balance for the same component. It is well known that local mechanical properties of large cast iron components are defined by their microstructure and defects, which locally affect the strength of the components. Considering or not local mechanical properties can dramatically change a component reliability evaluation d

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16

PLOTKOWSKI, ALEX. "Geometry-Dependent Solidification Regimes in Metal Additive Manufacturing." Welding Journal 99, no. 2 (2020): 59s—66s. http://dx.doi.org/10.29391/2020.99.006.

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Recent modeling and experimental work in additive manufacturing has suggested cross-sectional geometry may play a significant role in the local development of the solidification structure through its influence on the heat source path. This effect has been rationalized as the transi-tion from a quasistatic point heat source regime to a regime dominated by the quasistatic motion of an equiva-lent line source. This work provides a simple analytical framework for determining the conditions under which a system transitions between these regimes. A transient semianalytical heat transfer model is use

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17

Rodrigues, Christian M. G., Menghuai Wu, Haijie Zhang, Andreas Ludwig, and Abdellah Kharicha. "Bridging Capillary-Driven Fragmentation and Grain Transport with Mixed Columnar-Equiaxed Solidification." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 52, no. 10 (2021): 4609–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-021-06414-2.

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AbstractIn this study, a first attempt is made to bridge capillary-driven fragmentation and grain transport using a mixed columnar-equiaxed solidification model. Grain transport is an intrinsic feature of the employed solidification model which has been extensively investigated over the years. Regarding the capillary-driven fragmentation event, a new correlation between the number of fragments and interfacial area density of the columnar structure was recently established by Cool and Voorhees (2017) based on experimental research under isothermal conditions. Here, we propose to modify Cool and

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18

Roósz, András, Arnold Rónaföldi, Yuze Li, et al. "Microstructure Analysis of Al-7 wt% Si Alloy Solidified on Earth Compared to Similar Experiments in Microgravity." Crystals 12, no. 9 (2022): 1226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12091226.

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During ground-based solidification, buoyancy flow can develop by the density difference in the hypoeutectic type of the alloys, such as Al-7 wt% Si alloy. Buoyancy flow can affect the thermal field, solute distribution in the melt, and the position and amount of the new grains. As solidification is a very complex process, it is not very easy to separate the different effects. Under microgravity conditions, natural convection does not exist or is strongly damped due to the absence of the buoyancy force. Therefore, experiments in microgravity conditions provide unique benchmark data for pure dif

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19

Atkinson, Helen V., Faraj Alshmri, S. V. Hainsworth, and S. D. A. Lawes. "Microstructural Characterization of Rapidly Solidified Al-High Si Alloys." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 1545–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.1545.

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Aluminium silicon alloys are the most used raw material for automotive applications. One of the main limitations on using aluminium high silicon alloys is the formation of coarse brittle phases under conventional solidification conditions. However, rapid solidification processing (RS) (for example, through melt spinning) is very effective in limiting the coarsening of primary silicon due to the high cooling rate. In the present work, characterisation of the material at the first stage of production as melt-spun ribbon and flake has been carried out. The microstructures show typical characteris

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20

Hagenlocher, Christian, Patrick O’Toole, Wei Xu, Milan Brandt, Mark Easton, and Andrey Molotnikov. "The Effect of Heat Accumulation on the Local Grain Structure in Laser-Directed Energy Deposition of Aluminium." Metals 12, no. 10 (2022): 1601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12101601.

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The energy used to melt the material at each layer during laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) accumulates in the solidified layers upon layer deposition and leads to an increase in the temperature of the part with an increasing number of layers. This heat accumulation can lead to inhomogeneous solidification conditions, increasing residual stresses and potentially anisotropic mechanical properties due to columnar grain structures. In this work, infrared imaging is applied during the directed energy deposition process to capture the evolution of the temperature field in high spatial and te

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21

Zhou, B., M. Apel, J. Eiken, R. Berger, S. Gor, and N. Wolff. "Influence of cooling path on solidification morphology and hot tearing susceptibility of an Al−Cu−Fe−Mg−Si alloy." Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 55, no. 1 (2024): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.202300167.

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AbstractIn this work, a numerical approach is applied to study the impact of local cooling conditions on the hot tearing in an aluminium‐copper alloy with iron, magnesium and silicon as impurities. At first, CALPHAD‐coupled multicomponent and multiphase‐field simulations were performed to elucidate the effect of cooling conditions on solidification morphology in the final, critical stage of solidification. Then, the evolution of the melt flow permeability is derived from the simulated three‐dimensional microstructures and discussed in the context of the Rappaz‐Drezet‐Gremaud criterion for hot

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22

Rohatgi, P. K., K. Pasciak, C. S. Narendranath, S. Ray, and A. Sachdev. "Evolution of microstructure and local thermal conditions during directional solidification of A356-SiC particle composites." Journal of Materials Science 29, no. 20 (1994): 5357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01171548.

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23

Tiedje, Niels S., Mathias K. Bjerre, Mohammed A. Azeem, Jesper H. Hattel, and Peter D. Lee. "Analysis of Local Conditions on Graphite Growth and Shape During Solidification of Ductile Cast Iron." Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals 71, no. 11 (2018): 2699–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12666-018-1448-z.

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24

Drezet, Jean Marie, and Sélim Mokadem. "Marangoni Convection and Fragmentation in LASER Treatment." Materials Science Forum 508 (March 2006): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.508.257.

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Epitaxial Laser Metal Forming (E-LMF) consists in impinging a jet of metallic powder onto a molten pool formed by controlled laser heating and thereby, generating epitaxially a single crystal deposit onto a single crystal substrate. It is a near net-shape process for rapid prototyping or repair engineering of single crystal high pressure/high temperature gas turbines blades. Single crystal repair using E-LMF requires controlled solidification conditions in order to prevent the nucleation and growth of crystals ahead of the columnar dendritic front, i.e., to ensure epitaxial growth and to avoid

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25

Schaar, Helge, Ingo Steinbach, and Marvin Tegeler. "Numerical Study of Epitaxial Growth after Partial Remelting during Selective Electron Beam Melting in the Context of Ni–Al." Metals 11, no. 12 (2021): 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11122012.

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In the selective electron beam melting approach an electron beam is used to partially melt the material powder. Based on the local high energy input, the solidification conditions and likewise the microstructures strongly deviate from conventional investment casting processes. The repeated energy input into the material during processing leads to the partial remelting of the already existing microstructure. To closer investigative this effect of partial remelting, in the present work the phase-field model is applied. In the first part the solidification of the referenced Ni–Al system is simula

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26

Daoud, Fatima, Ahmed Bellaouar, and Omar Kholai. "Thermo Mechanical Modeling of Continuously Cast Stainless Steel." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 130, no. 2 (2025): 100–114. https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.130.2.100114.

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The surface and internal quality of continuous casting products are strongly influenced by the behavior of the slab during solidification within the continuous casting machine. Solidification was modeled using a 2D heat transfer model with the finite volume method, employing the SIMPLER algorithm. A slab slice was defined perpendicular to the casting axis, with the following boundary conditions: symmetry along the principal axes (double symmetry), unilateral contact with friction along the machine surface, and an imposed machine temperature. These conditions help in understanding and explainin

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27

Bondareva, Nadezhda S., and Mikhail A. Sheremet. "Numerical Simulation of Melting of Phase Change Material in a Square Cavity with a Heat Source." Key Engineering Materials 685 (February 2016): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.685.104.

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Melting and solidification problems are important in applications of many industries. In the present work mathematical simulation of natural convection with phase transition inside an enclosure with a local heat source has been carried out. Partial differential equations with corresponding initial and boundary conditions have been solved using the finite difference method. The effect of temperature differences on fluid flow and heat transfer has been discussed.

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28

Rausch, Alexander M., Martin R. Gotterbarm, Julian Pistor, Matthias Markl, and Carolin Körner. "New Grain Formation by Constitutional Undercooling Due to Remelting of Segregated Microstructures during Powder Bed Fusion." Materials 13, no. 23 (2020): 5517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13235517.

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A microstructure has significant influence on the mechanical properties of parts. For isotropic properties, the formation of equiaxed microstructures by the nucleation of new grains during solidification is necessary. For conventional solidification processes, nucleation is well-understood. Regarding powder bed fusion, the repeated remelting of previous layers can cause nucleation under some conditions that are not explainable with classical theories. Here, we investigate this nucleation mechanism with an unprecedented level of detail. In the first step, we built samples with single crystallin

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29

Klinkhammer, J., J. Thorborg, M. Bernhard, et al. "Hot tear prediction in large sized high alloyed turbine steel parts - experimental based calibration of mechanical data and model validation." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1281, no. 1 (2023): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1281/1/012068.

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Abstract The main defects in heavy steel castings are related to hot tear formation during solidification. Depending on the steel grade, design, and local solidification conditions, it is possible to predict regions with higher risk of hot tear formation during the casting process. However, steels containing Boron show more complex crack and defect patterns compared to common steel casting alloys. The mechanisms behind the Boron induced hot tearing is investigated in this work to understand the influence of Boron enrichment during solidification and the influence on hot tearing. The experiment

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30

Skrzypczak, T., E. Węgrzyn-Skrzypczak, and J. Winczek. "Effect Of Natural Convection On Directional Solidification Of Pure Metal." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 2 (2015): 835–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0215.

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AbstractThe paper is focused on the modeling of the directional solidification process of pure metal. During the process the solidification front is sharp in the shape of the surface separating liquid from solid in three dimensional space or a curve in 2D. The position and shape of the solid-liquid interface change according to time. The local velocity of the interface depends on the values of heat fluxes on the solid and liquid sides. Sharp interface solidification belongs to the phase transition problems which occur due to temperature changes, pressure, etc. Transition from one state to anot

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31

Mochnacki, Bohdan, and Ewa Majchrzak. "Numerical Modeling of Casting Solidification Using Generalized Finite Difference Method." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 2676–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.2676.

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The system casting-mould is considered. The thermal processes proceeding in a casting sub-domain are described using the one domain approach. The model of solidification process is supplemented by the energy equation concerning the mould sub-domain, the continuity conditions given on the contact surface between casting and mould, boundary conditions on the outer surface of the system and the initial ones. To solve the problem the generalized variant of finite difference method (GFDM) is used. Temporary and local values of temperature can be found at the optional set of collocation points from

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32

Galenko, Peter K., Dmitri V. Alexandrov, and Ekaterina A. Titova. "The boundary integral theory for slow and rapid curved solid/liquid interfaces propagating into binary systems." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 376, no. 2113 (2018): 20170218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0218.

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The boundary integral method for propagating solid/liquid interfaces is detailed with allowance for the thermo-solutal Stefan-type models. Two types of mass transfer mechanisms corresponding to the local equilibrium (parabolic-type equation) and local non-equilibrium (hyperbolic-type equation) solidification conditions are considered. A unified integro-differential equation for the curved interface is derived. This equation contains the steady-state conditions of solidification as a special case. The boundary integral analysis demonstrates how to derive the quasi-stationary Ivantsov and Horvay

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33

Li, Yang, Pei Jia Li, Xing Fu Chen, Hao Ran Liu, Jian Tao Wu, and Jun Tao Li. "Investment Casting Defects of a Turbine Nozzle Made by K465 Alloy." Materials Science Forum 898 (June 2017): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.898.487.

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The investment casting defects in a turbine nozzle with size of φ 331mm and thickness 0.7 mm and the number of vanes of 31 have been studied in two aspects, which were the porosity of the turbine nozzle’s inner cone and the cracks of the turbine nozzle’s vanes. ProCAST software was used to analyze the nozzle’s solidification process. A suitable gating system was used to solve porosity issues effectively by changing local thickness and improving solidification conditions. The crack on the nozzle’s vanes was studied and a kind of grain refiner was used to solve crack issues by improving shell st

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34

Khaimovich, Alexander, Igor Shishkovsky, Yaroslav Erisov, Anton Agapovichev, Vitaliy Smelov, and Vasilii Razzhivin. "Research on Cracked Conditions in Nickel Chrome Alloy Ni50Cr33W4.5Mo2.8TiAlNb, Obtained by Direct Laser Deposition." Metals 12, no. 11 (2022): 1902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12111902.

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Nowadays, additive manufacturing (AM) is a powerful way to make complex-shaped components for airspace engineering from nickel-based superalloys. So, while nickel-based superalloys could easily be we L-DED in sheet-metal thicknesses, they suffered from strain-age cracking and solidification during AM or in the post-weld aging treatment. This is attributed to the fact that besides the limitation of γ′- phase forming elements (Al and Ti), as they form by AM very rapidly and reduce ductility, the majority of the superalloys contain carbide-forming elements such as Cr, Mo, and W. The precipitation

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35

Keary, A. C., and R. J. Bowen. "On the Prediction of Local Ice Formation in Pipes in the Presence of Natural Convection." Journal of Heat Transfer 121, no. 4 (1999): 934–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826084.

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Pipe freezing is a pipeline maintenance technique which is used to isolate sections of a liquid-filled pipeline by freezing the contents to form a solid pressure-resistant plug. This paper describes the development of a numerical model of natural convection and solidification in a vertical water-filled pipe. The natural convection-driven flows are examined in detail and the interaction with the forming ice plug is studied. The results are compared with experimental data. The numerical approach is contrasted with a simpler one-dimensional analytical method and criteria are proposed to aid the c

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36

O'Donnell, Robert G., Dayalan R. Gunasegaram, and Michel Givord. "Die Casting Improvements through Melt Shear." Materials Science Forum 618-619 (April 2009): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.618-619.33.

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Melt flow and solidification within a die casting cavity is a complex process dependent in part on melt pressure (with or without intensification), melt velocity, melt flow path, thermal gradients within the die, die lubrication and melt viscosity. Casting defects such as short shots, cold shuts and shrinkage porosity can readily occur if casting conditions are not optimised. Shrinkage porosity in particular is difficult to eradicate from castings that comprise thick sections, since these sections will usually solidify late in the casting cycle and may be starved of melt supply during the crit

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37

Drezet, J. M., S. Pellerin, C. Bezençon, and S. Mokadem. "Modelling the Marangoni convection in laser heat treatment." Journal de Physique IV 120 (December 2004): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2004120034.

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Epitaxial Laser Metal Forming (E-LMF) consists in impinging a jet of metallic powder onto a molten pool formed by controlled laser heating and thereby, generating epitaxially a single crystal deposit onto the damaged component. This new technique aims to be used for the repair and reshape single crystal gas turbine components. Because of the very localised melting pool, the high temperature gradients produced during the process must be carefully controlled in order to avoid both the columnar-to-equiaxed transition (CET) and the appearance of hot tears. To this end, heat flow modelling is requi

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Tiedje, Niels Skat, Jesper Henri Hattel, John A. Taylor, and Mark A. Easton. "Modelling Eutectic Growth in Unmodified and Modified Near-Eutectic Al-Si Alloy." Materials Science Forum 765 (July 2013): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.765.160.

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A numerical model that describes solidification of primary aluminium grains and nucleation and growth of eutectic cells is used to analyse the solidification of an Al-12.5wt% Si alloy. Nucleation of eutectic cells is modelled using an Oldfield-type nucleation model where the number of nuclei in the melt is determined by the amount of active nuclei and the local undercooling from the surface to the centre of a plate casting. Eutectic grains are modelled as spheres growing between the dendrites. The growth velocity of the eutectic cells is a function of undercooling. Experimentally determined gr

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Zyska, Andrzej. "CA Modeling of Microsegregation and Growth of Equiaxed Dendrites in the Binary Al-Mg Alloy." Materials 14, no. 12 (2021): 3393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123393.

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A two-dimensional model based on the Cellular Automaton (CA) technique for simulating free dendritic growth in the binary Al + 5 wt.% alloy was presented. In the model, the local increment of the solid fraction was calculated using a methodology that takes into account changes in the concentration of the liquid and solid phase component in the interface cells during the solidification transition. The procedure of discarding the alloy component to the cells in the immediate vicinity was used to describe the initial, unstable dendrite growth phase under transient diffusion conditions. Numerical

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Bi, Zhijie, and Xiangxin Guo. "Solidification for solid-state lithium batteries with high energy density and long cycle life." Energy Materials 2, no. 2 (2022): 200011. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/energymater.2022.07.

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Conventional lithium-ion batteries with inflammable organic liquid electrolytes are required to make a breakthrough regarding their bottlenecks of energy density and safety, as demanded by the ever-increasing development of electric vehicles and grids. In this context, solid-state lithium batteries (SSLBs), which replace liquid electrolytes with solid counterparts, have become a popular research topic due to their excellent potential in the realization of improved energy density and safety. However, in practice, the energy density of SSLBs is limited by the cathode mass loading, electrolyte th

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Dobravec, T., B. Mavrič, and B. Šarler. "On different implementations of boundary conditions in the meshless RBF-FD method for phase-field modelling of dendritic solidification." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2766, no. 1 (2024): 012162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2766/1/012162.

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Abstract Dendritic morphology is one of the most common microstructures in solidifying metallic materials. The phase-field method represents one of the most suitable approaches for modelling the evolution of dendritic morphology. In this paper, the meshless RBF-FD method and forward Euler scheme are used to solve the partial differential equations arising from the phase-field model for dendritic growth. We consider the growth of a single dendrite into a supercooled pure melt. On the computational domain’s surfaces, we apply symmetric boundary conditions. Special care has to be taken in the RBF

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Liu, Heping, Jianjun Zhang, Hongbiao Tao, and Hui Zhang. "Numerical analysis of local heat flux and thin-slab solidification in a CSP funnel-type mold with electromagnetic braking." Metallurgical Research & Technology 117, no. 6 (2020): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2020044.

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In this article, based on the actual monitored temperature data from mold copper plate with a dense thermocouple layout and the measured magnetic flux density values in a CSP thin-slab mold, the local heat flux and thin-slab solidification features in the funnel-type mold with electromagnetic braking are analyzed. The differences of local heat flux, fluid flow and solidified shell growth features between two steel grades of Q235B with carbon content of 0.19%C and DC01 of 0.03%C under varying operation conditions are discussed. The results show the maximum transverse local heat flux is near the

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Zhang, Pei, Feng Shan Du, Zhi Qiang Xu, and Ling Ling Zhao. "Numerical Simulation on the Dendritic Spacing and Microporosity in A356 Alloy Ingot." Materials Science Forum 575-578 (April 2008): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.575-578.115.

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A stochastic mathematic model contained the effects of dendrite morphology, solidification shrinkage and dissolved gases was formed to simulate microporosity formation and growth. Microporosities appear in the interspaces of primary dendrites as well as secondary dendrites from microscopic view of A356 aluminum alloy experimental ingot with a metal mold. In the past literatures it took the volumetric fraction of microporosities as a function of the local density. In the present work a single pore size and distribution were predicted concerning the combination of shrinkage and dissolved gases a

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Sharifi, Pouya, Kumar Sadayappan, and Jeffrey T. Wood. "The Effects of Interfacial Heat Transfer Coefficient on the Microstructure of High-Pressure Die-Cast Magnesium Alloy AM60B." Materials Science Forum 879 (November 2016): 1755–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.879.1755.

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This paper describes the details of a quantitative experimental and numerical study on the influence of solidification conditions, including the apparent interfacial heat transfer coefficient (IHTC) between the die and solidifying metal, on the resulting local microstructure. Multiple runs of the commercial casting simulation package, ProCASTTM, are used to model the mold filling and solidification events employing a range of IHTC values. The simulation results are used to estimate the centreline cooling curve at various locations through the casting. The centreline cooling curve, together wit

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Olofsson, Jakob. "Integrated fatigue life predictions of aluminium castings using simulated local microstructure and defects." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1281, no. 1 (2023): 012067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1281/1/012067.

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Abstract In this work, an integrated simulation approach previously developed for static FE analyses is extended to microstructure- and defect-based fatigue life assessments of castings. The approach, the closed chain of simulations for cast components, combines casting process simulation with microstructure modelling and local material characterisation to generate heterogeneous material data for FE analysis and fatigue life assessment. The method is demonstrated on a High-Pressure Die Cast aluminium component. Areas with a high risk of defects are identified based on the simulated solidificat

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Varoto, L., M. Chosson, J.-J. Blandin, A. Papillon, S. Roure, and G. Martin. "Microstructural evolutions induced by an electrical breakdown in a binary Cu-25Cr alloy." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1249, no. 1 (2022): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1249/1/012023.

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Abstract Cu-Cr based alloys with a high Cr content are widely used as electrical contact materials in vacuum interrupters due to their good combination of electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. During a current interruption process in a vacuum, the establishment of an electrical arc results in a severe local thermal input onto the contact material surface. Few studies have closely investigated the microstructural evolution during this phenomenon as well as the Cu-Cr alloy properties evolution. This study reports the microstructural, electrical conductivity, and hardness evolution of a

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Burbelko, Andriy A., Edward Fraś, Wojciech Kapturkiewicz, and Daniel Gurgul. "Modelling of Dendritic Growth during Unidirectional Solidification by the Method of Cellular Automata." Materials Science Forum 649 (May 2010): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.649.217.

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Modelling was carried out to investigate the internal dendrite grains structure formation from a liquid two-component solution in the area adjacent to a mould wall. For the simulation, our own model and computer program based on CAFD (Cellular Automata Finite Differences) were used. In modelling, the effect of process conditions and material-related parameters, e.g. nucleation temperature, heat exchange rate, interfacial energy, crystal orientation with respect to the casting wall, etc. on the nature of the dendritic grain growth was examined. It was demonstrated that the profile of concentrat

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Kim, Young Chan, Se Weon Choi, and Chang Seog Kang. "Effect of Controlling Process Parameters on Shrinkage Porosity in Aluminum Die-Casting Rotor." Advanced Materials Research 813 (September 2013): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.813.136.

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Aluminum rotor prone to have many casting defects especially large amount of gas and shrinkage porosity, which caused eccentricity, loss and noise during motor operation. Many attempts have been made to develop methods of shrinkage porosity control, but still there are some problems to solve. In this research, the process of vacuum squeeze die casting is proposed for limitation of defects. The 6 pin point gated dies which were in capable of local squeeze at the end ring were used. Influences of filling patterns on HPDC were evaluated and the important process control parameters were high injec

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Sobolev, S. L. "Comparative study of solute trapping and Gibbs free energy changes at the phase interface during alloy solidification under local nonequilibrium conditions." Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics 124, no. 3 (2017): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063776117020169.

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SCHULZE, T. P., and M. GRAE WORSTER. "Weak convection, liquid inclusions and the formation of chimneys in mushy layers." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 388 (June 10, 1999): 197–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112099004589.

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We present a numerical study of steady convection in a two-dimensional mushy layer during solidification of a binary mixture at a constant speed V. The mushy layer is modelled as a reactive porous medium whose permeability is a function of the local solid fraction. The flow in the liquid region above the mushy layer is modelled using the Stokes equations (i.e. the Prandtl number is taken to be infinite). The calculations follow the development of buoyancy-driven convection as the flow amplitude is increased to the level where the solid fraction is driven to zero at some point within the mushy

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