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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Locomotor system

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Academic literature on the topic 'Locomotor system'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Locomotor system"

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Grillner, Sten, and Abdeljabbar El Manira. "Current Principles of Motor Control, with Special Reference to Vertebrate Locomotion." Physiological Reviews 100, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 271–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00015.2019.

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The vertebrate control of locomotion involves all levels of the nervous system from cortex to the spinal cord. Here, we aim to cover all main aspects of this complex behavior, from the operation of the microcircuits in the spinal cord to the systems and behavioral levels and extend from mammalian locomotion to the basic undulatory movements of lamprey and fish. The cellular basis of propulsion represents the core of the control system, and it involves the spinal central pattern generator networks (CPGs) controlling the timing of different muscles, the sensory compensation for perturbations, and the brain stem command systems controlling the level of activity of the CPGs and the speed of locomotion. The forebrain and in particular the basal ganglia are involved in determining which motor programs should be recruited at a given point of time and can both initiate and stop locomotor activity. The propulsive control system needs to be integrated with the postural control system to maintain body orientation. Moreover, the locomotor movements need to be steered so that the subject approaches the goal of the locomotor episode, or avoids colliding with elements in the environment or simply escapes at high speed. These different aspects will all be covered in the review.

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Wannier, T., T. G. Deliagina, G. N. Orlovsky, and S. Grillner. "Differential Effects of the Reticulospinal System on Locomotion in Lamprey." Journal of Neurophysiology 80, no. 1 (July 1, 1998): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.1.103.

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Wannier, T., T. G. Deliagina, G. N. Orlovsky, and S. Grillner. Differential effects of the reticulospinal system on locomotion in lamprey. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 103–112, 1998. Specific effects of stimulating different parts of the reticulospinal (RS) system on the spinal locomotor pattern are described in lamprey. In the in vitro brain stem and spinal cord preparation, microstimulation in different areas of the reticular formation was performed by ejecting a small amount of d-glutamate from a micropipette. These areas were distributed over the four reticular nuclei of the brain stem: the mesencephalic reticular nucleus (MRN) and the anterior, middle and posterior rhombencephalic reticular nuclei (ARRN, MRRN, and PRRN, respectively). To prevent synaptic spread of excitation within the brain stem, the synaptic transmission was blocked by using a low Ca2+, high Mn2+ physiological saline in the brain stem pool. “Fictive” locomotion was evoked by applying N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) to the spinal cord. Rhythmical discharges of motoneurons were recorded bilaterally in the midbody area, from the ventral roots that had been subdivided in dorsal and ventral branches, supplying the dorsal and ventral part of the myotome, respectively. Two major effects of brain stem stimulation were elicited: a change in the frequency of the locomotory rhythm and an induction of asymmetry (left/right, dorsal/ventral) in the segmental motor output. Approximately 50% of the stimulated sites evoked a change in locomotor frequency. In the PRRN almost all effective sites evoked an increase in frequency (10–50%). In the other nuclei, increase and decrease (10–30%) were observed equally frequently. Most of the stimulated sites (50–80%) in any reticular nucleus evoked asymmetry in the segmental motor output. Distortion of the segmental output symmetry was classified into eight categories by comparing the intensity of locomotor bursts in the dorsal and ventral branches of the two ventral roots, ipsilateral and contralateral to the stimulated side. These categories differed in the direction of the body flexion, which would be evoked during normal swimming: ipsilateral (I), contralateral (C), dorsal (D), ventral (V), ipsilateral and dorsal (ID), ipsilateral and ventral (IV), contralateral and dorsal (CD), and contralateral and ventral (CV). The different categories were not equally represented in each nucleus and across the nuclei. The most pronounced categories for each nucleus were as follow. In MRN: I (33%); ARRN: C (44%); MRRN: rostral part, I (36%) and caudal part, CV (42%); and PRRN: rostral part, I (40%) and caudal part, IV (35%). Other categories were also present but less common in each nucleus. To examine if the effects of brain stem stimulation were uniform along the spinal cord, recordings were performed from distal parts of the cord. Stimulation of a given point in the brain stem produced similar pattern of effects in 59% of cases and different patterns in 41% of cases. The main conclusion of the present study is that the proportion of RS neurons with different influences on the spinal locomotor network differs significantly among different parts of the reticular formation of the lamprey. The specificity of RS influences may represent a basis for modifications of the segmental locomotor output necessary for the control of equilibrium and steering during locomotion.

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Othayoth, Ratan, George Thoms, and Chen Li. "An energy landscape approach to locomotor transitions in complex 3D terrain." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 26 (June 15, 2020): 14987–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1918297117.

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Effective locomotion in nature happens by transitioning across multiple modes (e.g., walk, run, climb). Despite this, far more mechanistic understanding of terrestrial locomotion has been on how to generate and stabilize around near–steady-state movement in a single mode. We still know little about how locomotor transitions emerge from physical interaction with complex terrain. Consequently, robots largely rely on geometric maps to avoid obstacles, not traverse them. Recent studies revealed that locomotor transitions in complex three-dimensional (3D) terrain occur probabilistically via multiple pathways. Here, we show that an energy landscape approach elucidates the underlying physical principles. We discovered that locomotor transitions of animals and robots self-propelled through complex 3D terrain correspond to barrier-crossing transitions on a potential energy landscape. Locomotor modes are attracted to landscape basins separated by potential energy barriers. Kinetic energy fluctuation from oscillatory self-propulsion helps the system stochastically escape from one basin and reach another to make transitions. Escape is more likely toward lower barrier direction. These principles are surprisingly similar to those of near-equilibrium, microscopic systems. Analogous to free-energy landscapes for multipathway protein folding transitions, our energy landscape approach from first principles is the beginning of a statistical physics theory of multipathway locomotor transitions in complex terrain. This will not only help understand how the organization of animal behavior emerges from multiscale interactions between their neural and mechanical systems and the physical environment, but also guide robot design, control, and planning over the large, intractable locomotor-terrain parameter space to generate robust locomotor transitions through the real world.

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Nassar, P. N., A. C. Jackson, and D. R. Carrier. "Entraining the natural frequencies of running and breathing in guinea fowl (Numida meleagris)." Journal of Experimental Biology 204, no. 9 (May 1, 2001): 1641–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204.9.1641.

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Lung ventilation of tetrapods that synchronize their locomotory and ventilatory cycles during exercise could be economized if the resonant frequency of the respiratory system matched the animal's preferred step frequency. To test whether animals utilize this strategy, the input impedance of the respiratory system of five anesthetized, supine guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) was measured using a forced oscillation technique. The resonant frequency of the respiratory system was 7.12+/−0.27 Hz (N=5, mean +/− S.E.M.). No statistically significant difference was found between the resonant frequency of the respiratory system and the panting frequency used by guinea fowl at rest (6.67+/−0.16 Hz, N=11) or during treadmill locomotion (6.71+/−0.12 Hz, N=8) or to their preferred step frequency (6.73+/−0.09 Hz, N=7) (means +/− S.E.M.). These observations suggest (i) that, at rest and during exercise, panting guinea fowl maximize flow while expending minimal mechanical effort, and (ii) that natural selection has tuned the natural frequencies of the respiratory and locomotor systems to similar frequencies.

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Hao, Xin, Wenxing Ma, Chunbao Liu, Zhihui Qian, Luquan Ren, and Lei Ren. "Locomotor mechanism of Haplopelma hainanum based on energy conservation analysis." Biology Open 9, no. 12 (November 4, 2020): bio055301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/bio.055301.

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ABSTRACTSpiders use their special hydraulic system to achieve superior locomotor performance and high drive efficiency. To evaluate the variation in hydraulic joint angles and energy conversion during the hydraulic drive of spiders, kinematic data of Haplopelma hainanum were collected through a 3D motion capture and synchronization analysis system. Complete stride datasets in the speed range of 0.027 to 0.691 m s−1 were analyzed. Taking the tibia–metatarsu joint as an example, it was found that speed did not affect the angle variation range of the hydraulic joint. Based on the analysis of locomotor mechanics, a bouncing gait was mainly used by H. hainanum during terrestrial locomotion and their locomotor mechanism did not change with increasing speed. Because of the spiders’ hydraulic system, the mass-specific power per unit weight required to move the center of mass increased exponentially with increasing speed. The bouncing gait and the hydraulic system contributed to the lower transport cost at low speed, while the hydraulic system greatly increased the transport cost at high speed. The results of this study could provide a reference for the design of high-efficiency driving hydraulic systems of spider-like robots.

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Kowalski, Solange, Thierry Aubin, and Jean-René Martin. "Courtship song in Drosophila melanogaster: a differential effect on male–female locomotor activity." Canadian Journal of Zoology 82, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 1258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z04-102.

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The courtship song of male Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830 is involved in species recognition and sexual stimulation. This signal is usually addressed to the female to reduce her locomotor activity, thereby facilitating copulation. However, no accurate quantification of her locomotion has been made. To examine the effect of courtship song on locomotor behaviour of both sexes, we used a video-tracking system that allowed for the quantification of two indicators of activity level: distance moved and movement duration. First, we showed that the broadcast of the courtship song alone produced no effect on female locomotion. Females reduced their locomotor activity only when acoustical stimulation was placed in a natural courtship context (i.e., in the presence of a male). This suggests that the sum of visual, tactile, acoustic, and chemical stimuli provided by the male may act together to trigger female receptivity. Second, our playback experiments showed a strong stimulating effect of courtship song (particularly of the pulse component) on the locomotor activity of isolated males, suggesting that this signal probably plays a role in male stimulation. Courtship song has an opposite effect on male/female locomotor activity in D. melanogaster.

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Capano, John G. "Reaction Forces and Rib Function During Locomotion in Snakes." Integrative and Comparative Biology 60, no. 1 (May 12, 2020): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa033.

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Synopsis Locomotion in most tetrapods involves coordinated efforts between appendicular and axial musculoskeletal systems, where interactions between the limbs and the ground generate vertical (GV), horizontal (GH), and mediolateral (GML) ground-reaction forces that are transmitted to the axial system. Snakes have a complete absence of external limbs and represent a fundamental shift from this perspective. The axial musculoskeletal system of snakes is their primary structure to exert, transmit, and resist all motive and reaction forces for propulsion. Their lack of limbs makes them particularly dependent on the mechanical interactions between their bodies and the environment to generate the net GH they need for forward locomotion. As organisms that locomote on their bellies, the forces that enable the various modes of snake locomotion involve two important structures: the integument and the ribs. Snakes use the integument to contact the substrate and produce a friction-reservoir that exceeds their muscle-induced propulsive forces through modulation of scale stiffness and orientation, enabling propulsion through variable environments. XROMM work and previous studies suggest that the serially repeated ribs of snakes change their cross-sectional body shape, deform to environmental irregularities, provide synergistic stabilization for other muscles, and differentially exert and transmit forces to control propulsion. The costovertebral joints of snakes have a biarticular morphology, relative to the unicapitate costovertebral joints of other squamates, that appears derived and not homologous with the ancestral bicapitate ribs of Amniota. Evidence suggests that the biarticular joints of snakes may function to buttress locomotor forces, similar to other amniotes, and provide a passive mechanism for resisting reaction forces during snake locomotion. Future comparisons with other limbless lizard taxa are necessary to tease apart the mechanics and mechanisms that produced the locomotor versatility observed within Serpentes.

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Contarino, Angelo, Françoise Dellu, George F. Koob, George W. Smith, Kuofen Lee, Wylie W. Vale, and Lisa H. Gold. "Dissociation of Locomotor Activation and Suppression of Food Intake Induced by CRF in CRFR1-Deficient Mice." Endocrinology 141, no. 7 (July 1, 2000): 2698–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.141.7.7653.

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ABSTRACT Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) systems are involved in locomotor and feeding behaviors. Two distinct CRF receptor subtypes, CRFR1 and CRFR2, are thought to mediate CRF actions in the central nervous system. However, the role for each receptor in locomotor activity and feeding remains to be determined. Using CRFR1 null mutant mice, the present study examined the functional significance of this receptor in ambulation and feeding. CRF treatment of wild-type mice resulted in increased levels of locomotion whereas no change was observed in CRFR1-deficient mice as compared to vehicle-treated mutant mice. In contrast, CRF decreased food-water intake in both wild type and CRFR1-deficient mice equally. These results support an important role for CRFR1 in mediating CRF-induced locomotor activation, whereas other receptor subtypes, likely CRFR2, may mediate the appetite-suppressing effects of CRF-like peptides.

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Wollheim, Frank A., and Henning Locht. "Introduction – Microorganisms and the locomotor system." Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology 25, no. 3 (June 2011): 333–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.berh.2011.06.002.

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Thörn Pérez, Carolina, Russell H. Hill, Abdeljabbar El Manira, and Sten Grillner. "Endocannabinoids Mediate Tachykinin-Induced Effects in the Lamprey Locomotor Network." Journal of Neurophysiology 102, no. 3 (September 2009): 1358–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00294.2009.

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The spinal network underlying locomotion in lamprey is composed of excitatory and inhibitory interneurons mediating fast ionotropic action. In addition, several modulator systems are activated as locomotion is initiated, including the tachykinin system and the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1), the latter operating partially via the endocannabinoid system. The effects of mGluR1 agonists and tachykinins resemble each other. Like mGluR1 agonists, the tachykinin substance P accelerates the burst rate and reduces the crossed inhibition in an activity-dependent fashion. The present study therefore explores whether tachykinins also use the endocannabinoid system to modulate the locomotor frequency. By monitoring fictive locomotion, we were able to compare the facilitatory effects exerted by applying substance P (1 μM, 20 min), on the burst frequency before and during application of the endocannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 (2–5 μM). By using two different lamprey species, we showed that the response to substance P on the burst frequency is significantly reduced during the application of AM251. To examine whether endocannabinoids are involved in the substance P–mediated modulation of reciprocal inhibition, the commissural axons were stimulated, while recording intracellularly from motoneurons. We compare the effect of substance P on the amplitude of the contralateral compound glycinergic inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) in control and in the presence of AM251. The blockade of CB1 receptors reduced the substance P–mediated decrease in the amplitude by 29%. The present findings suggest that the effects of substance P on the increase in the locomotor burst frequency and depression of IPSPs are mediated partially via release of endocannabinoids acting through CB1 receptors.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Locomotor system"

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Coles, S. K. "Controls of the locomotor system in the rat." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233493.

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Avor, John Kweku. "Application of sensor fusion to human locomotor system." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Kramer, Patricia Ann. "Locomotor energetics and limb length in hominid bipedality /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6428.

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Jia, Yan. "Computer simulation of the lamprey spinal cord locomotor system." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610128.

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Lu, Tung-Wu. "Geometric and mechanical modelling of the human locomotor system." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:789d619c-f32e-4efa-9935-6ec8ce82ece4.

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A critical review of studies related to the modelling of the human locomotor system is given. Kinematic and dynamic modelling and analysis of the pelvis-leg apparatus as an ensemble of four rigid body segments are described. Experiments were performed on two patients with custom-made instrumented massive proximal femoral prostheses implanted after tumour resection. Telemetered axial forces transmitted along the prostheses, together with kinematic, force plate and electromyographic data, were recorded synchronously during level walking, single and double leg stance, and isometric tests of the hip muscles. A sagittal plane model of the locomotor system, with an anatomical model of the knee joint, was developed from an existing model and used for a comparative study of methods for the calculation of the internal forces. A three-dimensional computer graphics-based animated model of the locomotor system was developed, with the hip as a ball-and-socket joint, the knee as a parallel spatial mechanism and the ankle as a two-hinge complex. Thirty-four muscles or muscle groups were included. A method for the determination of the orientation of multi-joint systems from surface markers was developed to take account of measurement errors including skin movement artefacts. Both the 2D and 3D models of the locomotor system were evaluated and validated quantitatively with the telemetered femoral axial forces. It is concluded that (a) a significant part of the bending moments along limbs are transmitted by a combination of tensile forces in muscles and compressive forces in bones so that moments transmitted by the bones are much less than the limb moments, (b) bi-articular muscles play a major role in modulating forces in bones, (c) appropriate simulation of muscle forces is important in experimental or theoretical studies of load transmission along bones, (d) computer graphics-based modelling and animation are important tools in bridging the gap between clinical users and biomechanists.

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Zwart, Maarten Frans. "Structural and functional plasticity in the Drosophila larval locomotor circuit." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252285.

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Jackson, Adam Wesley. "Organization of brain and spinal cord locomotor networks in larval lamprey." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4481.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on April 27, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Yunusov, Temur. "Characterisation of cholinergic interneurons in the larval locomotor network of Drosophila." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607841.

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Gilbert, Mathew Alan. "Optimising visuo-locomotor interactions in a motion-capture virtual reality rehabilitation system." Thesis, University of York, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3986/.

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This thesis presents the research-driven design and development of Stromohab: A motion-capture virtual-reality locomotion simulator for the research and rehabilitation of gait disorders following stroke. Software and hardware components are designed, developed and tested to facilitate and motivate patients in rehabilitative interactive avatar-based locomotor tasks. The system is then used to investigate systematically on healthy volunteers the known problem of distance underestimation in virtual environments by testing and analysing all combinations of cross-planar translation of leg movement to avatar actuated movement in a virtual environment. Specific performance deficits in the sagittal plane are confirmed and compared to those from coronal and transverse motion. Potential improvements of adding in isolation monocular cues for perspective, illumination, or size, and binocular cues from 3D stereo anaglyphs, are investigated, leading to a proposed movement model and scaling solution that both explains and resolves the observed deficit empirically in a practical locomotor task. Overall, the findings demonstrate the importance for the design and application of virtual environment interfaces of quantifying the underlying mechanisms in order to ensure accurate and controlled reproduction of a user’s movement. These would be of particular significance in medical rehabilitation for neurological patients, for whom consideration of cognitive load and the potential for improper re-adaptation when returning to real world environments can be critical. It is envisaged that this study will be useful to technologists, clinicians and other professionals who apply the rapidly developing, increasingly accessible and beneficial motion capture and virtual reality technologies to medicine and related applications.

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Bauman, Jay Morris. "Injury compensation reveals implicit goals that guide locomotor coordination." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51737.

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Locomotion persists despite changes in external and internal circumstances. Motor responses to gait impairment exhibit commonalities across various taxa and types of injury, yet we lack a systematic understanding of compensation strategies. The objective of this dissertation is to uncover principles governing implicit goals within the control of locomotion. I propose that coordination of injured locomotion will demonstrate that these goals follow a hierarchical organization of the neuromuscular system. Accurate quantification of gait deficits in rodents demands sophisticated measurement techniques. I utilize X-ray technology to examine intralimb and interlimb coordination after unilateral injury in rats. My findings indicate that compensation to injury involves the coordination of lower-order motor elements to preserve the pre-injury behaviors of higher-order elements. Specifically I present evidence that preservation of limb angle and limb length are critical task goals that transcend injury states and afferent sensory feedback conditions. Broadening my investigation to include interlimb coordination revealed that task goals may change to satisfy the goals of a higher hierarchical level. This work is a necessary precursor to study locomotor coordination and injury compensation in more complex rodent injury models such as self-reinnervation, sciatic nerve, and spinal cord injury. These results could also translate to clinical gait rehabilitation through future protocols that address motor patterns of the entire limb over the behavior of individual joints.

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Books on the topic "Locomotor system"

1

Bálint, Geza P. Clinical examination of the locomotor system. Montréal: Rhône-Poulenc Pharma, 1987.

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The embryology of the human locomotor system. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1990.

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Nickel, R. The locomotor system of the domestic mammals. Berlin: Verlag P. Parey, 1986.

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Uhthoff, Hans K. The Embryology of the Human Locomotor System. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75310-7.

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Lewit, Karel. Manipulative therapy in rehabilitation of the locomotor system. 3rd ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999.

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Lewit, Karel. Manipulative therapy in rehabilitation of the locomotor system. 2nd ed. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, 1991.

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Manipulative therapy in rehabilitation of the locomotor system. London: Butterworths, 1985.

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Denoix, Jean-Marie. Essentials in Clinical Anatomy of the Equine Locomotor System. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018. | This book continues The equine distal limb : an atlas of clinical anatomy and comparative imaging.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429424588.

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Fukuda, Toshio, Yasuhisa Hasegawa, Kosuke Sekiyama, and Tadayoshi Aoyama. Multi-Locomotion Robotic Systems. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30135-3.

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Bio-inspired emergent control of locomotion systems. Singapore: World Scientific, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Locomotor system"

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Hazewinkel, H. A. W., and F. J. Meutstege. "Locomotor system." In Medical History and Physical Examination in Companion Animals, 175–201. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0459-3_17.

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Yurdakul, Sebahattin, and Pietro Leccese. "Locomotor System Disease." In Behçet Syndrome, 105–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24131-5_8.

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Carr, John, Shih-Ping Chen, Joseph F. Connor, Roy Kirkwood, and Joaquim Segalés. "Disorders of the Locomotor System." In Pig Health, 207–26. Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2018]: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315157061-5.

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Yurdakul, Sebahattin, and Gülen Hatemi. "Locomotor System Disease in Behçet’s Syndrome." In Behçet’s Syndrome, 149–63. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5641-5_9.

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Nikolić, V., M. Hudec, M. Marotti, A. Jo, and A. Lovrić. "Three Dimensional Structural Analysis of the Locomotor System." In Biomechanics: Current Interdisciplinary Research, 345–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7432-9_48.

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Uhthoff, H. K., and T. Carey. "The Development of the Hip." In The Embryology of the Human Locomotor System, 117–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75310-7_13.

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Uhthoff, Hans K. "A Guide to Terminology and Organization." In The Embryology of the Human Locomotor System, 1–6. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75310-7_1.

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Loehr, J. F., and H. K. Uhthoff. "The Development of the Elbow." In The Embryology of the Human Locomotor System, 83–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75310-7_10.

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Caughell, K. A., A. H. Martin, and H. K. Uhthoff. "The Development of the Wrist and Hand." In The Embryology of the Human Locomotor System, 95–106. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75310-7_11.

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McAuley, J. P., and H. K. Uhthoff. "The Development of the Pelvis." In The Embryology of the Human Locomotor System, 107–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75310-7_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Locomotor system"

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Zoghzoghy, Joe, Ahmad Alshorman, and Yilrdirim Hurmuzlu. "Inertially Actuated Baton Locomotor." In ASME 2013 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2013-4012.

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In this paper, we present a robotic locomotor with inertia-based actuation. The goal of this system is to generate various gait modes of a baton, consisting of two masses connected with a massless rod. First, a model for a baton prototype called Pony I is presented. This model incorporates the inertial forces generated by a rotating single pendulum. The model also accounts for the friction forces that arise in the contact points of the baton with the ground surface. We also developed an experimental prototype for a baton with a single-pendulum actuator. Consequently, we compared the nonlinear dynamics of the analytical and experimental systems. An improved double-pendulum actuation system was proposed for better regulation of the locomotion of the system and the orientation of the centrifugal force. Finally, demonstrated that this system generated steady forward locomotion.

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Ashapkina, M. S., and A. V. Alpatov. "Fluctuation analysis of human locomotor system." In 2017 6th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/meco.2017.7977204.

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Fabian Garcia Nocetti, Demetrio, Pliar Duran Hernandez, Martin Fuentes Cruz, Martin Fuentes Cano, and Adalberto Joel Duran Ortega. "Locomotor Activity Monitoring System in Rodents." In ICCBB '20: 2020 4th International Conference on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3449258.3449271.

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Jiaxiang Zhang, John T. Wen, and Agung Julius. "Modeling of drosophila circadian system based on locomotor activity." In 2011 American Control Conference. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2011.5991447.

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Chung, Aram J., and David Erickson. "Microfluidic Control of Insect Locomotor Activity." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67772.

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This work describes the intimate fusion of microsystems and physiology though the partial implantation of a microfluidic device into living insects, Manduca Sexta moth. This effort is a critical component in our development of “Insect-Micro Air Vehicles (I-MAVs)” which aim to fuse nanodevice technology with living organism. The specific goal of this system is to provide “on-command” chemically induced immobilization and subsequent reanimation of the otherwise autonomous insect by implanting a low power electrokinetic drug delivery device. In this paper, we demonstrate the locomotor activity control by releasing neurotransmitters into wing muscles. We also provide results of our fully functioning adult survivability data for pupal stage implanted microdevices along with results from a comprehensive study of a low power electroactive drug delivery system.

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Shachykov, Andrii, Patrick Henaff, Andrii Shachykov, Anton Popov, and Alexander Shulyak. "CPG-based circuitry for controlling musculoskeletal model of human locomotor system." In 2017 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2017.8325131.

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Cotoros, Diana L., and Mihaela I. Baritz. "Some Considerations Concerning The Modelling Of The Human Body Locomotor Rehabilitation System." In 23rd European Conference on Modelling and Simulation. ECMS, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.7148/2009-0359-0364.

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Oates, Alison R., Claire F. Perez, and Joyce Fung. "A VR-haptic locomotor system to retrain anticipatory postural adjustments post stroke." In 2008 Virtual Rehabilitation. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icvr.2008.4625120.

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Tikhomirov, Ivan V., Emiliia A. Daminova, and Feodor O. Durnev. "The Development of the Hardware for Locomotor System Post-Operative Rehabilitation Complex." In 2021 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (ElConRus). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/elconrus51938.2021.9396368.

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Durnev, Fedor O., Emiliia A. Daminova, and Ivan V. Tikhomirov. "The Development of the Algorithm for Locomotor System Post-Operative Rehabilitation Complex." In 2021 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (ElConRus). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/elconrus51938.2021.9396320.

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Reports on the topic "Locomotor system"

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Chesser, J. B. Reliability review of the remote tool delivery system locomotor. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6668.

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Bullo, Francesco. Trajectories for Locomotion Systems: A Geometric and Computational Approach via Series Expansions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada427472.

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