To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Locust bean.
Books on the topic 'Locust bean'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 40 books for your research on the topic 'Locust bean.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse books on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Laan, Nancy Van. The magic bean tree: A legend from Argentina. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998.
Find full text
5
Katz, Richard S., and Peter Mair. The Locus of Power in Parties. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199586011.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Rather than being unitary actors, each party is a political system in itself, with three major “faces”: the party in public office; the party central office; and the party on the ground. Over time, the balance of power within parties has shifted, to support the dominance of the party in public office. This evolution has been accompanied by institutional changes, and it has been supported by the growing similarity of the positions of members of the party in public office (responsibilities of governing; exigencies of professional political careers) regardless of the political complexion of their parties or the demands of their members.
7
Ramchand, Gillian. The event domain. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767886.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter focuses on the phrase structural representation of the most embedded portion of a natural language sentence. It is argued that this corresponds to the core event building domain, and that it has both syntactic and semantic integrity within the sentence. However, the little v label across frameworks and research programs has also been used as the locus for the external argument, as well as for the first cyclic domain for syntactic locality. However, empirical evidence points clearly to a separation of the different functions often ascribed to “little v.” Specifically, it is argued that event structure decomposition head (roughly, Cause) must be clearly separated from, and hierarchically lower than, the head providing the choice of external argument. However, it will be shown from the evidence of the English progressive that this external argument locus is much more abstract and cannot be identified with the traditional category of Voice.
8
Eyre, Steve, and Jane Worthington. Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0040.
Full textAbstract:
A range of epidemiological studies have clearly established that susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. Studies over the last five decades have used a variety of approaches to identify the genetic variants associated with disease. HLA DRB1 was the first RA susceptibility locus to be discovered and has the largest effect size. We describe current understanding of the complexities of HLA association for RA. Linkage and small-scale association studies prior to 2007 provided convincing evidence for only one more RA susceptibility locus, PTPN22. Major breakthroughs in high-throughput genotyping and systematic discovery and mapping of hundreds of thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) led to large-scale genome-wide association studies used for the first time for RA in 2007. This approach has had a dramatic impact on our knowledge of the susceptibility loci for RA, such that over 60 risk variants have now been robustly identified. We present an overview of these studies and the loci that have been identified. We consider how this knowledge is contributing to a greater understanding of the aetiology and pathology of the disease and in turn how this can influence management of patients presenting with an inflammatory arthritis. We consider some of the unanswered questions and the approaches that will need to be taken to address them.
9
Eyre, Steve, Jane Worthington, and Sebastien Viatte. Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0040_update_003.
Full textAbstract:
A range of epidemiological studies have clearly established that susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. Studies over the last five decades have used a variety of approaches to identify the genetic variants associated with disease. HLA DRB1 was the first RA susceptibility locus to be discovered and has the largest effect size. We describe current understanding of the complexities of HLA association for RA. Linkage and small-scale association studies prior to 2007 provided convincing evidence for only one more RA susceptibility locus, PTPN22. Major breakthroughs in high-throughput genotyping, and systematic discovery and mapping of hundreds of thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) led to large-scale genome-wide association studies used for the first time for RA in 2007. Widespread utilization of this approach has had a dramatic impact on our knowledge of the susceptibility loci for RA, such that over 100 risk variants have now been robustly identified. We present an overview of these studies and the loci that have been identified. We consider how this knowledge is contributing to a greater understanding of the aetiology and pathology of the disease, and in turn how this can influence management of patients presenting with an inflammatory arthritis. We consider some of the unanswered questions and the approaches that will need to be taken to address them.
10
Smith-Hicks, C. L., and S. Naidu. Rett Syndrome. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0054.
Full textAbstract:
Rett Syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that predominantly affects females but males with RTT have been identified. RTT was first described by an Austrian pediatrician, Andreas Rett. Rett syndrome was mapped to chromosome Xq28 in 1998 and a year later it was determined to be due to mutations in the MeCP2 gene at this locus. Identification of the gene led to the broadening of the clinical phenotype and further characterization into classic and atypical forms of the disease that overlap with Autism spectrum disorders during the period of regression. More than 95% of individuals with classic RTT have mutations in the MeCP2 gene.
11
Koo, Minkyung, Jong An Choi, and Incheol Choi. Analytic versus Holistic Cognition. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199348541.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter summarizes research on analytic versus holistic thinking, including locus of attention, causal perception, perception of change, tolerance of contradiction, and categorization—constructs that are widely studied in social psychology and other related fields, such as consumer psychology. The chapter also reviews the literature on the Analysis-Holism Scale (AHS): how it was developed and how it differs from scales that measure other cultural differences (e.g., individualism versus collectivism; independent versus interdependent self; dialectical versus linear self). Empirical evidence supporting the validity of the AHS in various cognitive domains is introduced. The chapter concludes with a review of recently published papers in which the AHS has been validated and utilized for various purposes.
12
Goldman, David, Zhifeng Zhou, and Colin Hodgkinson. The Genetic Basis of Addictive Disorders. Edited by Dennis S. Charney, Eric J. Nestler, Pamela Sklar, and Joseph D. Buxbaum. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190681425.003.0042.
Full textAbstract:
Addictive disorders are moderately to highly heritable, indicating that alleles transmitted from parents are protective, or enhance risk by whatever mechanisms. However, the inheritance of addictive disorders is complex, involving hundreds of genes and variants that are both common and rare, and that vary in effect size and context of action. Genes altering risk for addictions have been identified by pathway and candidate gene studies in humans and model organisms, and genomic approaches including genome-wide association, meiotic linkage, and sequencing. Genes responsible for shared liability to different addictive disorders have been identified, as well as genes that are relatively specific in altering risk of addiction to one agent. An impediment to overarching conclusions is that most of the heritability of addictions is unexplained at the level of gene or functional locus. However, new analytic approaches and tools have created new potentials for resolution of the “missing heritability.”
13
Zbíral, Robert, ed. The Cradle of Laws. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748905899.
Full textAbstract:
In almost all states, laws (statutes) serve as the most important instruments to prompt social, economic or institutional change. Parliaments traditionally used to be considered as the locus of law-making, yet observers of politics pointed out that it had rather been the government (executive) that affects the outputs of the legislative game more prominently. Statistical data reveal that in most cases the governmental bills submitted to parliaments are adopted unchanged. Despite that little attention has been aimed at the previous phase of the legislative process: drafting and negotiating of bills within the executives. This book narrows the knowledge gap and analyse in detail who and how prepare the bills in their “cradle”. Six countries of Central Europe were selected for the analysis to provide comparable knowledge. The chapters, written by experienced scholars with local knowledge, have both descriptive and analytical dimensions and evaluate also practical functioning of the system in each state.
14
Simpson, Stephen J., and Paul A. Stevenson. Neuromodulation of Social Behavior in Insects. Edited by Turhan Canli. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199753888.013.014.
Full textAbstract:
This review begins by introducing transformational concepts in neuromodulation and circuit function that have arisen from the study of insects and other invertebrates. These provide essential background not only to understanding behavior in insects (social or otherwise), but also for the functioning of nervous systems in all animals. The chapter details three (among many possible) examples in which neuromodulation of social behavior has been studied in depth. The first concerns the control of aggression and social dominance in crickets, the second involves swarming in locusts, and the third details the division of labor in honeybee societies. The authors conclude that insects have something profound to offer the study of psychology—not by providing direct analogues of human behavior, but rather by illustrating the power of neuromodulation to generate behavioral complexity in simple systems at the level of individuals and societies.
15
FitzGerald, Brian. The Scholastic Exegesis of Prophecy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808244.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter traces developments within the tradition of scholastic biblical exegesis that arose in the twelfth century. Focusing on the Psalms, a locus classicus for discussions of non-apocalyptic prophetic knowledge, the chapter examines the commentaries of Parisian masters Gilbert of Poitiers and Peter Lombard and then compares some thirteenth-century works by members of the Dominican Order. It emphasizes two important developments. First, exegetes paid a great deal of attention to the ‘literary’ qualities of prophetic language, trying to assess what made that language sacred. Secondly, the rise of professional exegetes in an academic setting led them to appropriate the sacred authority of the interpreted texts. Relying on the principle that inspired texts required inspired interpreters, these professionals began promoting themselves as possessors of contemporary prophetic authority.
16
Pasnau, Robert. The Sensory Domain. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801788.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
The history of epistemology displays a long quest for the elusive domain of sensory privilege, the place where sensory indubitability finds vindication in some measure of infallibility. There have been the most dramatic disagreements and reversals and confusions regarding where in the world this domain is to be found, disagreements that in turn fuel the notorious disputes over the cognitive value of perception. The focus of this chapter is on those who take there to be some external locus of sensory privilege, beginning with Aristotle and the surprisingly different story among later Aristotelians, then moving on toward the crisis that emerges when the privileged sensory domain of scholastics philosophers turns out to be illusory. From this crisis emerge the various modern theories of perception: subjective, reductive, and dispositional.
17
Morris, Katherine J. Body Image Disorders. Edited by K. W. M. Fulford, Martin Davies, Richard G. T. Gipps, George Graham, John Z. Sadler, Giovanni Stanghellini, and Tim Thornton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0037.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines so-called body image disorders, focusing on body dysmorphic disorder, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. These disorders have been studied extensively by psychologists and psychiatrists from both the "body image" and "body shame" research orientations. Body image disorders have also proved, for feminist thinkers mindful of the gender imbalance in many of these disorders, to be an important locus for cultural criticism, including criticism of psychological and psychiatric perspectives. Those philosophers and anthropologists with a phenomenological bent, particularly those with an interest in the lived body and embodiment, have also found a fruitful terrain in body image disorders. These different disciplines and approaches provide multiple perspectives which are often complementary, occasionally in some tension with one another, but always mutually enriching, and all of them are sketched here.
18
Heller, Monica. Socioeconomic Junctures, Theoretical Shifts. Edited by James W. Tollefson and Miguel Pérez-Milans. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190458898.013.6.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter begins by situating language policy and planning (LPP) historically, linking it to colonialism and capitalism, and in particular to the development of the nation-state. The institutionalized emergence of LPP as a defined field of scholarly inquiry in the 1960s–1980s, with a peak in the 1960s and 1970s, is understood in the context of state management of populations on the terrain of language, necessarily connected to the interests of capital. The central question is how LPP has been understood, at various historical junctures, to be connected to both political and economic interests. LPP’s increasingly explicit interest in economic activity tracks a shift in locus of attention and activity. The question for LPP has thus become the legitimacy of its mission: whose interests it serves, and in the name of what.
19
Kozelsky, Mara. Crimea in War and Transformation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190644710.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Crimea in War and Transformation examines the capacity of violence to permanently alter peoples and spaces.The war named for Crimea began as a border dispute between Russia and the Ottoman Empires in 1853, but transferred unexpectedly to Crimea in September 1854 after European Allies joined forces with the Sultan. In the course of one day, belligerent armies doubled the peninsula’s population and pressed the local population into labor. Within one month, ravenous men fell upon orchards like locusts, and slaughtered Crimean livestock. For more than one year, engineering brigades mowed down forests to build barracks. Both sides of the war used scorched earth tactics. At the apex of violence, desperate Russian officials scapegoated Crimea’s native Muslim population, accusing these and other civilians of hoarding food and collaborating with the enemy. Before humanitarian impulses prevailed, officials initiated a deadly deportation, forcing thousands of Tatars from their homes.
20
Kolapo, Femi James. Anglicanism in West Africa. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199643011.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines the course of the transformation of the Anglican mission into an indigenous West African Anglican Church after the First World War. In general, coinciding with the wane and demise of European imperialism, paralleled by the withdrawal of the dominance of London Church Missionary Society and European missionaries, West African Anglicans have sought more or less successfully to redefine the identity of their local church to fit ever more closely with its new African locus. The specific contexts in each West African country where the Anglican Church has been established played significant roles in the nature of the process and its outcome. By the close of the period under analysis here, West African Anglicans have come to fully own their Church, taking full charge of its culture, structure, and doctrine, and are asserting a global leadership claim in the Anglican Communion.
21
Wright, Almeda M. Being Young, Active, and Faithful. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190664732.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter 5 continues exploring alternatives to fragmented spirituality by drawing connections between historical and contemporary models of American public theology and activism. Is Black youth activism “replacing the church” as a locus for social analysis, community building, and change? Many scholars have suggested dramatic discontinuities between historical and contemporary streams of Black religion and activism. Yet, most who would argue that the church is irrelevant or dead are in fact revealing that dominant ways of theorizing “the Black church” have been debunked and must be transcended. The work of young Black activists and public theologians today both reveals their commensurability with historical movements and offers clues to the necessity of their transcendence. Despite challenges and continued barriers to youth activism within churches, Black public theology continues to be an essential resource to counter individualism and fragmentation and to sustain youth activism for the long haul.
22
Millstein, Roberta L. Is Aldo Leopold’s “Land Community” an Individual? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190636814.003.0013.
Full textAbstract:
The concept of “land community” (or “biotic community”) that features centrally in Aldo Leopold’s Land Ethic has typically been equated with the concept of “ecosystem.” The author argues that we need to rethink Leopold’s concept of land community. First, Leopold’s views are not identical to those of his contemporaries, although they resemble those of some subsequent ecologists. Second, the land community concept does not map cleanly onto the concept of “ecosystem”; it also incorporates elements of the “community” concept in community ecology. Third, the question of whether land communities have boundaries can be addressed by an analysis of land communities as individuals. There are challenges to be worked out, but the author argues that these challenges can be resolved. The result is a defensible land community concept that is ontologically robust enough to be a locus of moral obligation while being consistent with contemporary ecological theory and practice.
23
Michaelson, Eliot, and Andreas Stokke, eds. Lying. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198743965.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Lying: Language, Knowledge, Ethics, and Politics is the first dedicated collection of philosophical essays on the emerging topic of lying. While philosophers have been thinking about lying for several thousand years, only recently has this topic emerged as a sustained locus of inquiry, one which has proved equally of interest to philosophers of language, epistemologists, ethicists, and political philosophers. The essays in this volume embrace the inter-subdisciplinary nature of this topic, breaking new methodological ground in exploring the ways that a better understanding of language can inform the study of knowledge, ethics, or politics—and vice versa. Some of the more specific questions explored in this volume include: How can we lie when it is unclear what exactly we believe, or when we have contradictory beliefs? Can corporations lie, and if so how? Is lying always wrong, or always at least prima facie wrong? What can one learn from a liar? And can we lie to mindless machines?
24
Kaar, Stephen J., Steven Potkin, and Oliver Howes. The neurobiology of antipsychotic treatment response and resistance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198828761.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
Dopamine D2/3 receptor occupancy by antipsychotic drugs is central to clinical response and many of their side effects. Yet the locus of dopaminergic alterations in the majority of patients with schizophrenia is not the D2/3 receptor but, instead, presynaptic, comprising elevated striatal dopamine synthesis and release capacity. However, whilst this explains why dopamine D2/3 receptor blockade is effective in many patients, a proportion of patients does not respond. In some this is because of inadequate antipsychotic blockade of dopamine receptors, but there are others who do not respond to antipsychotic treatment despite substantial dopamine D2/3 receptor blockade. The neurobiology of treatment resistance does not seem to involve the presynaptic dopamine dysfunction typically seen in patients, suggesting that it needs different treatments. Disruptions to the glutamatergic system, and to dopamine D1 and D2/3 receptors and serotonin 2A receptors have all been proposed as potential mechanisms underlying treatment resistance and as targets for novel treatments.
25
Collings, David G. Workforce Differentiation. Edited by David G. Collings, Kamel Mellahi, and Wayne F. Cascio. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198758273.013.20.
Full textAbstract:
Historically, a key focus of human resource (HR) professionals was developing, implementing, and standardizing HR polices and processes to ensure employees perform in standardized ways. However, the utility of a standardized approach to HR practices has been increasingly questioned over recent decades. In this vein, formalized workforce-differentiation approaches to the segmentation of the workforce based on employees’ competence or the nature of roles performed to reflect differential potential to generate value has emerged as a central element of talent-management strategies. While earlier research on workforce differentiation identified individual talent as the locus of differentiation, more recently, the focus has shifted to strategic or pivotal jobs. This chapter reviews the emergence of workforce differentiation in the academic literature and charts key trends in this regard. The implications of a workforce-differentiation strategy for employees are also considered. The chapter concludes with a consideration of emerging trends and potential avenues for future study.
26
Pravadelli, Veronica. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038778.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This introductory chapter argues that the existing literature on classical Hollywood could roughly be divided into two sets. On the one hand, there were those scholars who had analyzed the whole period arguing for continuities and similarities in most domains, from production to plot structure, from stylistic procedures to viewing experience, and so forth. On the other hand, critical work on Hollywood cinema had more often approached the topic by selecting a specific genre and period and making a statement about the peculiar relations between aesthetics and ideology. Often focusing on a specific genre, many investigated especially 1940s and 1950s Hollywood cinema in relation to cultural, artistic, and social dynamics. Indeed, for four decades, film noir, the woman's film, and melodrama have been the locus of such innovative research—from the theory of the “progressive text” in the early 1970s to “cinema and modernity studies” during the last twenty years or so.
27
Lin, Carl Shu-Ming, Linxiang Ye, and Wei Zhang. Transforming informal work and livelihoods in China. UNU-WIDER, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2020/907-5.
Full textAbstract:
The informal sector has long been viewed as a locus of the disadvantaged, unskilled, and inexperienced workers in under-developed and developing economies. Workers in the informal sector, however, can learn skills and gain experience that could help them switch to better-paying jobs in the formal sector. But evidence of this is limited. China constitutes an important case study because it is the most populous country and has the largest labour force, consisting of over 290 million rural-to-urban migrants whose employment is mostly informal. Using three waves of nationally representative household surveys from 2014 to 2018, we study how the livelihoods of Chinese workers change when transitioning to different work statuses within or between formal and informal sectors. Our results show that transitioning jobs from the informal to the formal sector and from the self-employed to the wage-employed increases earnings, which improves the livelihoods of Chinese workers.
28
Duval Hernández, Robert. By choice or by force? Uncovering the nature of informal employment in urban Mexico. UNU-WIDER, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2020/908-2.
Full textAbstract:
The informal sector has long been viewed as a locus of the disadvantaged, unskilled, and inexperienced workers in under-developed and developing economies. Workers in the informal sector, however, can learn skills and gain experience that could help them switch to better-paying jobs in the formal sector. But evidence of this is limited. China constitutes an important case study because it is the most populous country and has the largest labour force, consisting of over 290 million rural-to-urban migrants whose employment is mostly informal. Using three waves of nationally representative household surveys from 2014 to 2018, we study how the livelihoods of Chinese workers change when transitioning to different work statuses within or between formal and informal sectors. Our results show that transitioning jobs from the informal to the formal sector and from the self-employed to the wage-employed increases earnings, which improves the livelihoods of Chinese workers.
29
Young, Emma. Sexuality. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474427739.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
Extending the theoretical lens further, this final chapter moves beyond the initial discussions of gender to consider the significance of sexuality in contemporary feminisms. After some initial reflection on the political significance of sexuality, the main sections of literary analysis engage with how sexuality has been conceptualised and continually re-positioned in feminist discourses. The notion of choice is central to this analysis and through a reading of Kalbinder Kaur’s story this chapter considers the implications of sexuality and women’s choice in the context of race and ethnicity. As such, this first section takes a range of short stories as individual textual moments and scrutinises the dialogue these narratives purport between seemingly diverse feminisms. The section on ‘Sexual Transgressions?’ examines sexuality as a site of political resistance for women, and considers how the ageing and culturally “othered” body is positioned in relation to sexuality. The final part of this chapter questions how the politics of queer theory interact with feminisms via the locus of sexuality in the writings of Kay and Smith.
30
Cooper, Brittney C. Epilogue. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040993.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the fact that Black feminism, as a critical locus of Black women’s twentieth century knowledge production, has become a fully institutionalized field of academic specialization since the late 1970s, the contention of this book has been that there is still a requisite and tacit failure to take Black women’s work, as thinkers and theorists on broader questions affecting Black people, seriously. Yes, Black feminist women’s arguments about the centrality of gender to racial concerns have gained major academic currency, as evidenced by the broad use of intersectional discourse in numerous fields and disciplines. And yes, the new Black Lives Matter Movement, particularly as conceived by Garza, Tometi, and Cullors has made Black feminist politics the currency of Black radical thought. But the fact that Alicia Garza’s comments written in the second decade of the twenty-first century, sound eerily similar to commentary from Anna Julia Cooper writing in the nineteenth century, and Pauli Murray, Toni Cade Bambara and bell hooks writing in the twentieth suggests that not enough has changed.
31
Cattran, Daniel C., and Heather N. Reich. Membranous glomerulonephritis. Edited by Neil Turner. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0064_update_001.
Full textAbstract:
It has been clear for several decades from comparison with the rodent model disease Heymann nephritis that membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is an immune condition in which antibodies, usually autoantibodies, bind to targets on the surface of podocytes. However, the antigen in Heymann nephritis, megalin, is not present on human podocytes. The first potential antigen was identified by studying rare examples of maternal alloimmunization, leading to congenital membranous nephropathy in the infant caused by antibodies to neutral endopeptidase. More recently, the target of autoantibody formation in most patients with primary MGN has been identified to be the phospholipase A2 receptor, PLA2R. Genome-wide association studies identify predisposing genetic loci at HLADQ and at the locus encoding the autoantigen itself. So antibodies to at least two different molecular targets can cause MGN, and it seems likely that there may be other targets in secondary types of MGN, and possibly haptenized or otherwise modified molecules are implicated in drug- and toxin-induced MGN. Once antibodies are fixed, animal models and human observations suggest that complement is involved in mediating tissue damage. However, immunoglobulin G4, not thought to fix complement, is the predominant isotype in human MGN, and the mechanisms are not fully unravelled. Podocyte injury is known to cause proteinuria. In MGN, antibody fixation or cell damage may stimulate production of extracellular matrix to account for the increased GBM thickness with ‘podocyte type’ basement membrane collagen isoforms, and ultimately cell death and glomerulosclerosis.
32
James H, Carter, and Fellas John, eds. International Commercial Arbitration in New York. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198753483.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
New York is a leading venue for international commercial arbitration, home to the headquarters of the International Centre for Dispute Resolution, the international branch of the American Arbitration Association, and many leaders in the international arbitration field. New York also serves as the locus of several prominent arbitration firms’ central offices. This book encompasses five years of developments in New York and other U.S. international arbitration law since the first edition appeared. Every chapter has been updated, and the new edition includes an entirely new chapter on the legal and practical aspects of conducting an arbitration hearing in New York, covering such subjects as rights to appear as a representative of a party, subpoenas to compel attendance of witnesses, confidentiality of proceedings, and witness testimony and instructions. Each chapter elucidates a vital topic, including the existing New York legal landscape, drafting considerations for clauses designating New York as the place of arbitration, and material and advice on selecting arbitrators. The book also covers a series of topics at the intersection of the arbitral process and the New York courts, including jurisdiction, enforcing arbitration agreements, obtaining preliminary relief, and discovery. Class action arbitration, challenging and enforcing arbitral awards, and biographical materials on New York-based international arbitrators are also included.
33
Barros, Sulivan Charles. Carnaval e cidade – usos e apropriações de espaços urbanos: Recife e Olinda em perspectiva. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-277-3.
Full textAbstract:
Carnival is one of the most important manifestations of Brazilian culture. On festival days, the carnival locus is occupied by antagonistic social actors, producing a unique image of the sensitive movements that the city experiences throughout the year and that end up in the unequal processes of power and space - one of the multiple readings that the carnival phenomenon offers. Understanding this complex moment of polyphonies and polysemias requires a review of its historical development process, aiming at a broader understanding of how it was (and continues to be) forged as an entirely Brazilian social fact, an element that makes up a part of the nation's identity formation. In this direction, the city becomes a privileged place for carnival production based on evocation of memory, symbolizing the idea of public spaces to be activated and reconstructed. In order to build an articulation between past, present and future, commercial investments have been integrating multiple strategies in the search to dynamize old uses of urban space, associated with contemporary forms of carnival consumption. In this sense, this research proposes to analyze the relationship between carnival and the city from the uses and appropriations of public spaces and that will present the cities of Recife and Olinda as an empirical reference.
34
Hamou, Philippe, and Martine Pécharman, eds. Locke and Cartesian Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815037.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This book is a collection of twelve critical essays, by leading French and Anglo-American scholars on Locke’s relation to Descartes and to Cartesian Philosophers, such as Malebranche, Clauberg, Arnauld, and Nicole. The essays, preceded by a substantial introduction, cover a large variety of topics from natural philosophy (cosmology) to religion, philosophy of mind, metaphysics, and epistemology. The volume underlines Locke’s complex relationship to Descartes and Cartesianism, where stark opposition and subtle family resemblances are tightly intertwined. Since the turn of the twentieth century, the theory of knowledge has been the main locus for the comparison of the two authors. According to an influential historiographical conception, Descartes and Locke form together the spearhead in the ‘epistemological turn’ of early modern philosophy. In bringing together the contributions to this volume, the editors advocate for a shift of emphasis. A precise comparison of Locke’s and Descartes’s positions should cover not only their theory of knowledge, but also their views on natural philosophy, metaphysics, and religion. Their conflicting claims on issues such as cosmic organization, the qualities and nature of bodies, the substance of the soul, God’s government of the world, are relevant not only in their own right to take the full measure of Locke’s intricate relation to Descartes, but also as they allow a better understanding of the epistemological debate that is still running between their heirs.
35
Desroches, Julie. Peripheral analgesia involves cannabinoid receptors. Edited by Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu, and Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0034.
Full textAbstract:
This landmark paper by Agarwal and colleagues was published in 2007, when the exact contribution of the activation of the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1) receptors expressed on the peripheral terminals of nociceptors in pain modulation was still uncertain. At that time, while it was clearly demonstrated that the central nervous system (CNS) was involved in the antinociceptive effects induced by the activation of the CB1 receptor, many strains of mice in which the gene encoding the CB1 receptor was deleted by conditional mutagenesis were used to study the specific role of these receptors in pain. Creating an ingenious model of genetically modified mice with a conditional deletion of the CB1 receptor gene exclusively in the peripheral nociceptors, Agarwal and colleagues were the first to unequivocally demonstrate the major role of this receptor in the control of pain at the peripheral level. In fact, these mutant mice lacking CB1 receptors only in sensory neurons (those expressing the sodium channel Nav1.8) have been designed to highlight that CB1 receptors on nociceptors, and not those within the CNS, constitute an important target for mediating local or systemic (but not intrathecal) cannabinoid analgesia. Overall, they have clarified the anatomical locus of cannabinoid-induced analgesia, highlighted the potential significance of peripheral CB1-mediated cannabinoid analgesia, and revealed important insights into how the peripheral endocannabinoid system works in controlling both inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain.
36
Rocha, Roselandia Maria Serra Verde Coelho. Um estudo acerca da profissiografia e "identidades" de pessoas cegas: Vivências, desafios e acessibilidade. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-100-4.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this book is to contribute to a greater visibility of spaces occupied by blind or visually impaired people in professional training and in the labor market. Therefore, the focus is on the issue of the multiple identities of those social actors and the connection between the challenge of identity recognition and professional training and practice.This finding came from observations at the Associação Baiana de Cegos (ABC), from 2015-2018, in Salvador-Bahia. This institution has been mobilizing with great effort, since 1985, in favor of the training, qualification and referral of blind people to the labor market. The research corpus is formed by a set of data collected through semi-directive interviews, with a narrative focus and observations of everyday life situations in the research locus. When discussing about the social actors as “human beings as projects of being”, I emphasized the issue of subjectivities linked to the processes of professional training and I highlighted the paradigmatic overcomes. In this context, I outlined the individual and collective advances and setbacks, which are still challenging aspects for the inclusion and, above all, for the permanence in the labor process. At last, I understand that it is at least challenging to think that, on one hand, there is a labor market going through an unemployment crisis and, on the other hand, there is the issue regarding the remaining spaces for blind people in such a scenario.
37
Budimirovic, Dejan B., and Megha Subramanian. Neurobiology of Autism and Intellectual Disability. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0052.
Full textAbstract:
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests with a range of cognitive, behavioral, and social impairments. It is a monogenetic disease caused by silencing of the FMR1 gene, in contrast to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that is a behaviorally-defined set of complex disorders. Because ASD is a major and growing public health concern, current research is focused on identifying common therapeutic targets among patients with different molecular etiologies. Due to the prevalence of ASD in FXS and its shared neurophysiology with ASD, FXS has been extensively studied as a model for ASD. Studies in the animal models have provided breakthrough insights into the pathophysiology of FXS that have led to novel therapeutic targets for its core deficits (e.g., mGluR theory of fragile X). Yet recent clinical trials of both GABA-B agonist and mGluR5 antagonist revealed a lack of specific and sensitive outcome measures capturing the full range of improvements of patients with FXS. Recent research shows promise for the mapping of the multitude of genetic variants in ASD onto shared pathways with FXS. Nonetheless, in light of the huge level of locus heterogeneity in ASD, further effort in finding convergence in specific molecular pathways and reliable biomarkers is required in order to perform targeted treatment trials with sufficient sample size. This chapter focuses on the neurobehavioral phenotype caused by a full-mutation of the FMR1 gene, namely FXS, and the neurobiology of this disorder of relevance to the targeted molecular treatments of its core symptoms.
38
Swann, Karen. Lives of the Dead Poets. Fordham University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823284184.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Biography has played an important role in the canonization of Keats, Shelley, and Coleridge. Each archive is saturated with stories of the life prematurely cut off or, in Coleridge’s case, of promise wasted in indolence; with reminiscences of contemporaries who describe subjects singularly unsuited to this world; and with stranger materials—death masks, bits of bone, locks of hair, a heart—preserved by circles and then sometimes circulating more widely, often in tandem with bits of the literary corpus. Especially when it centers on the early deaths of Keats and Shelley, biographical interest tends to be dismissed as a largely Victorian and sentimental phenomenon that we should by now have put behind us. And yet a line of verse by these poets can still, willy-nilly, trigger associations with biographical detail in a way that sparks pathos and produces intimations of prolepsis or fatality, even in readers suspicious of such effects. Biographical fascination—the untoward and involuntary clinging of attention to the biographical subject—is thus “posthumous” in Keats’s evocative sense of the term, its life equivocally sustained beyond its period. This book takes seriously the biographical fascination that has dogged the posthumous lives of the prematurely arrested figures of Keats, Shelley, and Coleridge. Arising in tandem with a sense of the threatened end of poetry’s allotted period, biographical fascination opens us to poetry’s modes of survival from the time of the romantic period, when it began to receive the first of its many death sentences, into our own present.
39
Young, Elliott. Forever Prisoners. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190085957.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
The United States locks up more than half a million non-citizens every year for immigration-related offenses; on any given day, more than 50,000 immigrants are held in detention in hundreds of ICE detention facilities spread across the country. This book provides an explanation of how, where, and why non-citizens were put behind bars in the United States from the late nineteenth century to the present. Through select granular experiences of detention over the course of more than 140 years, this book explains how America built the world’s largest system for imprisoning immigrants. From the late nineteenth century, when the US government held hundreds of Chinese in federal prisons pending deportation, to the early twentieth century, when it caged hundreds of thousands of immigrants in insane asylums, to World Wars I and II, when the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) declared tens of thousands of foreigners “enemy aliens” and locked them up in Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) camps in Texas and New Mexico, and through the 1980s detention of over 125,000 Cuban and almost 23,000 Haitian refugees, the incarceration of foreigners nationally has ebbed and flowed. In the last three decades, tough-on-crime laws intersected with harsh immigration policies to make millions of immigrants vulnerable to deportation based on criminal acts, even minor ones, that had been committed years or decades earlier. Although far more immigrants are being held in prison today than at any other time in US history, earlier moments of immigrant incarceration echo present-day patterns.
40
Most strange and wonderful nfws [sic] from North-Wales: Being a faithful and impartial relation, of what strange things has lately hapned in Merionethshire in that country, how a great track of ground near the sea coast, containing many parishes, has been infested for several weeks, with great numbers of strange creatures like locusts ... : at the same time likewise strange pillars, piramids of fire, and fire-balls have invisibly sprang out of the earth, which has set fire too, and burnt down many stacks of hay and corn ... [London]: Printed for B. Lyford ..., 1985.
Find full text