Academic literature on the topic 'Logic of Appropriateness'
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Journal articles on the topic "Logic of Appropriateness"
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Newark, Daniel, and Markus C. Becker. "The Consequences of Appropriateness: An Experiment on Logic of Appropriateness Decision-Making." Academy of Management Proceedings 2016, no. 1 (2016): 11874. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2016.11874abstract.
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GOLDMANN, KJELL. "Appropriateness and Consequences: The Logic of Neo-Institutionalism." Governance 18, no. 1 (2005): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0491.2004.00265.x.
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Ramesh, Sanjay. "A new typology for the logic of appropriateness in Fiji." Journal of New Zealand & Pacific Studies 1, no. 2 (2013): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/nzps.1.2.165_1.
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Siebert, Sabina, and Graeme Martin. "People management rationales and organizational effectiveness." Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance 1, no. 2 (2014): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joepp-03-2014-0011.
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Purpose –The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the debate over people management rationales and how they relate to organizational effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on the distinction between the “logic of consequences” and the “logic of appropriateness,” the paper explores one aspect of managing people – managers’ attempts to restore trust after an intra-organizational breach of trust. This is done on the basis of a systematic approach to a review of the literature on intra-organizational trust and organizational trust repair. Findings – The paper argues that in their trust repair efforts managers socially construct and enact a narrow business agenda for the firm, which is typically justified by a logic of consequences. Instead, the authors suggest that managers may be better advised to follow a logic of appropriateness in restoring trust among employees, which acknowledges the importance of context and managers’ lack of control over employees’ reactions to trust repair strategies. Practical implications – A key practical implication of the logic of appropriateness is that, in certain contexts, the most effective strategy for trust repair is inaction (rather than action), a strategy often neglected in people management practice. Social implications – The social implications of this paper highlight the social context in which people management strategies take place and the limitations of “one-size-fits-all” HRM prescriptions. Originality/value – The value of the paper is bringing a much neglected stream of research on the strengths of inaction as a positive strategy in organizational theory to current HRM scholars as a way of balancing the typical agentive approaches to HRM and intra-organizational trust repair.
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Finegold, David, and Karin Wagner. "Are Apprenticeships Still Relevant in the 21st Century? A Case Study of Changing Youth Training Arrangements in German Banks." ILR Review 55, no. 4 (2002): 667–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979390205500406.
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The authors present a detailed case study of the evolution of apprenticeships in German banking over the past two decades to analyze why employers continue to be willing to invest in these programs that provide workers with transferable skills. They explain employers' motivation in terms of two “logics.” Some considerations stemming from the logic of consequences, such as recruitment cost savings and enhanced workplace flexibility, encourage retention of the apprenticeship system. On balance, however, the cost calculus that is at the heart of the logic of consequences would, if unopposed, encourage head-hunting for apprentices trained by other firms, eventually undermining the system. The countervailing logic of appropriateness, however, discourages defections from the system by fostering trust among employers, encouraging new firms to participate in the system, supporting the strong reputational effect associated with training, and creating mechanisms with which banks can have a hand in keeping the system efficient.
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Weber, J. Mark, Shirli Kopelman, and David M. Messick. "A Conceptual Review of Decision Making in Social Dilemmas: Applying a Logic of Appropriateness." Personality and Social Psychology Review 8, no. 3 (2004): 281–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0803_4.
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Despite decades of experimental social dilemma research, “theoretical integration has proven elusive” (Smithson & Foddy, 1999, p. 14). To advance a theory of decision making in social dilemmas, this article provides a conceptual review of the literature that applies a “logic of appropriateness” (March, 1994) framework. The appropriateness framework suggests that people making decisions ask themselves (explicitly or implicitly), “What does a person like me do in a situation like this?” This question identifies 3 significant factors: recognition and classification of the kind of situation encountered, the identity of the individual making the decision, and the application of rules or heuristics in guiding behavioral choice. In contrast with dominant rational choice models, the appropriateness framework proposed accommodates the inherently social nature of social dilemmas, and the role of rule and heuristic based processing. Implications for the interpretation of past findings and the direction of future research are discussed.
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Lucas, Peter J. F. "Logic engineering in medicine." Knowledge Engineering Review 10, no. 2 (1995): 153–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900008134.
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AbstractThe safety-critical nature of the application of knowledge-based systems to the field of medicine requires the adoption of reliable engineering principles with a solid foundation for their construction. Logical languages with their inherent, precise notions of consistency, soundness and completeness provide such a foundation, thus promoting scrupulous engineering of medical knowledge. Moreover, logic techniques provide a powerful means for getting insight into the structure and meaning of medical knowledge used in medical problem solving. Unfortunately, logic is currently only used on a small scale for building practical medical knowledge-based systems. In this paper, the various approaches proposed in the literature are reviewed, and related to the various types of knowledge and problem solving employed in the medical field. The appropriateness of logic for building medical knowledge-based expert systems is further motivated.
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Sarigil, Zeki. "Showing the path to path dependence: the habitual path." European Political Science Review 7, no. 2 (2014): 221–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755773914000198.
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This article investigates the conceptual and theoretical implications of the logic of habit for the path-dependence approach. In the existing literature, we see two different logics of action associated with two distinct models of path dependence: the logic of consequences (instrumental rationality) is linked with utilitarian paths (i.e. increasing returns) and the logic of appropriateness (normative rationality) constitutes normative paths (normative lock-in). However, this study suggests that despite its popularity, the path-dependence approach remains underspecified owing to its exclusion or neglect of the logic of habit, which constitutes a distinct mechanism of reproduction or self-reinforcement in the institutional world. This article, therefore, introduces the notion of the ‘habitual path’ as a different model of path dependence. Although the idea of the habitual path is complementary with the existing models, owing to its distinctive notions of agency and mechanisms of path reproduction, it offers a different interpretation of continuity or regularity. Thus, by enriching the path-dependence approach, the notion of the habitual path would contribute to our comprehension of continuities and discontinuities in the political world.
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Xing, Yijun, and Yipeng Liu. "Poetry and Leadership in Light of Ambiguity and Logic of Appropriateness." Management and Organization Review 11, no. 4 (2015): 763–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mor.2015.18.
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ABSTRACTThis paper explores the relationship between poetry and leadership – in particular, how business leaders might leverage poetry in practice. Drawing on the theoretical lenses of logic of appropriateness and ambiguity, we suggest a conceptual model to understand the multilayered meaning of poetry, noting that poetry has four layers of meaning: the superficial meaning, the poet's evocative meaning, the reader's recasting into a modern situation, and the recipient's interpretation. Using the storytelling research method, we collected leadership narrative stories that indicate poetry as an effective communication tool in practicing leadership. From these data, we identify four approaches that leaders use to apply the multilayered meaning of poetry in contemporary business practice: drawing lessons from poets' experience through critical interpretation of the poem, inspiring leaders' heroic spirits, guiding leaders' rules of behavior, and adopting poetry as a tactic to influence others. Our study contributes to the argument of ambiguity as a source of intelligence and illuminates how poetry as an artistic form of story facilitates contemporary leadership practice in light of the logic of appropriateness framework.
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Mason, Karl, and Tony Evans. "Social Work, Inter-Disciplinary Cooperation and Self-Neglect: Exploring Logics of Appropriateness." British Journal of Social Work 50, no. 3 (2019): 664–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcz031.
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Abstract Working in a cooperative manner with other disciplines or agencies is often cited as an essential element of social work with adults who self-neglect. Cooperative working is now a legal requirement for agencies involved in adult social care in England. However, little is known about how social workers engage cooperatively with other disciplines in practice. This study sets out to explore this issue, employing the ‘Logic of Appropriateness’ perspective to theorise the ways in which social workers talked about working with other disciplines in self-neglect casework. The article presents a qualitative study, which was undertaken through semi-structured interviews with eleven social workers in an urban, adult social care team in an English local authority. Thematic analysis was not only used to draw out four key logics used by the social workers—leadership, joint-working, conflict and proxy—but also highlighted the ways in which social workers moved between different logics when talking about inter-disciplinary cooperation and working with adults who self-neglect. The results highlight the complex dynamics of cooperation and suggest that these dynamics need to be understood in assessing the implementation of integrated policies for social care in this area.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Logic of Appropriateness"
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Kornberger, Martin, Stephan Leixnering, and Renate Meyer. "The logic of tact: How decisions happen in situations of crisis." Sage, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840618814573.
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The mass-migration of refugees in the fall 2015 posed an immense humanitarian and logistical challenge: exhausted from their week-long journeys, refugees arrived in Vienna in need of care, shelter, food, medical aid, and onward transport. The refugee crisis was managed by an emerging polycentric and inter-sectoral collective of organizations. In this paper, we investigate how, during such a situation, leaders of these organizations made decisions in concert with each other and hence sustained the collective's capacity to act collectively. We ask: what was the logic of decision-making that orchestrated collective action during the crisis? In answering this question, we make the following contribution: departing from March's logics of consequences and appropriateness as well as Weick's work on sensemaking during crisis, we introduce an alternative logic that informed decision-making: the logic of tact. With this concept we (a) offer a better understanding of how managers make decisions under the condition of bounded rationality and the simultaneous transgression of their institutional identity in situations of crisis; and we (b) show that in decision-making under duress cognition is neither ahead of action, nor is action ahead of cognition; rather, tact explicates the rapid switching between cognition and action, orchestrating decision-making through this interplay.
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Fröling, Sebastian. "Den fredsvurmande vapenexportören : Svensk krigsmaterielexport till Förenade Arabemiraten efter införandet av lagen (2018:135) och dess legitimitet." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-193781.
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The problem area of the study concerns the Swedish arms export to the United Arab Emirates and if this goes against Swedish legislation regarding weapons export as a rule with the guidelines for human rights and non-armed conflicts, which are also established in law from 2018. These guidelines can be considered important for Swedish foreign policy, with the goal to depict Sweden as a nation that protects human rights, seeks world peace and democratic ideals, which has led to this study that wants to investigate the arms exports to the United Arab Emirates during 2019. The primary goal has been to investigate if these correspond to the Swedish regulations for weapons export as well as how the new Swedish legislation took form and how the discourse around it developed. The study is situated around the theoretic discussion if actors generally are guided by norms (logic of appropriateness) or self-interest (logic of consequences) together with rational choice, and which of these Sweden might have reasoned about when they chose to approve of the exports. The results showed that the Swedish legislation had a loophole that made it possible for earlier approved licence applications to receive sequential deliveries, even though the new legislation made it mandatory to make a new licence application for these as well.<br>Uppsatsens problemområde behandlar den svenska krigsmaterielexporten till Förenade Arabemiraten och om denna går emot den svenska lagstiftningen för krigsmaterielexport i regel med riktlinjerna för mänskliga rättigheter och icke-väpnade konflikter, vilka också är fastställda i lag från och med 2018. Då dessa kriterier kan anses vara viktiga för Sveriges utlandspolitik, i syfte att skildra Sverige som ett land som värnar om mänskliga rättigheter, världsfred och demokratiska ideal så har denna uppsats velat undersöka krigsmaterielexporten till Förenade Arabemiraten under 2019. Det primära syftet har varit att undersöka om dessa överensstämmer med det svenska regelverket för krigsmaterielexport samt hur den nya svenska lagstiftningen tog form och hur diskursen formats runt denne. Studien är situerad runt den teoretiska diskussionen om aktörer generellt styrs av normer (logic of appropriateness) eller egenintresse (logic of consequences) tillsammans med rational choice och vilken av dessa Sverige kan ha resonerat kring när de valt att godkänna exporten. Resultatet har visat att den svenska lagstiftningen har ett kryphål som öppnar upp för följdleveranser till tidigare godkända tillståndsprövningar, dock ska det enligt ny lagstiftning alltid göras nya prövningar på även dessa.
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Ekelund, Simon. "Förändrad syn på svensk militär alliansfrihet? : En studie om svensk neutralitetspolitik mellan 1990-2008." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2592.
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<p>Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine how the Swedish policy of neutrality has changed between the years 1990-2008. The research method used for this essay has been comparative case study, which strives to answer four research questions. Two of these questions are: Which specific occurrences have been fundamental in changing the Swedish policy of neutrality? How have the Swedish policy of neutrality and the policy of non-alignment changed between the years 1990-2008? The theoretical frame work of this study consists of Europeanization as a comprehensive theoretical perspective. In order to explain the Swedish act regarding the policy of neutrality, Logic of Consequences and Logic of appropriateness are used. The conclusion of the study points out that Sweden has become much more flexible in terms of policy of neutrality and policy of security. The years between 1990-2008 are distinguished due to the fact that the international cooperation has become much more important in the Swedish act of security. Sweden still has the policy of non-alignment, but cooperation between the states is more and more prioritized to secure peace around the world.</p>
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Eriksson, [Engvall] Gunilla. "The intelligence discourse : the Swedish military intelligence (MUST) as a producer of knowledge." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-32022.
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The Swedish Military Intelligence and Security Directorate (MUST) is a producer of knowledge, a knowledge that is fundamental for decisionmaking in foreign and security policy. The intelligence knowledge production is often held as objective, value neutral, and with the intention of ‘speaking truth onto power’. However, this study holds that such a perspective on intelligence knowledge production calls for a revision. Hence, the overall purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of knowledge in intelligence analysis and also to investigate how that knowledge is affected by the social context of its production, the military intelligence service. The source material is of three kinds; first texts and documents, second interviews with intelligence analysts and managers, and third observations of seminars and meetings during the production process of estimates. The results are that there is a strong presence of an implicit interpretive framework that continuously influences and guides the knowledge production and thereby makes the knowledge dependent on one specific perspective contrary to the intentional objectivity within the intelligence service. Further, the study reveals that the social and discursive practices for intelligence knowledge production include a ‘logic of appropriateness’ suggesting the presence of a structured Denkkollektiv with a structured Denkstil. The actions and choices of the individuals are transformed to create conformity to the norms within the social discursive practices. Thus, the inherited frame of interpretation, as well as the socialised norm of staying within the existing accepted frames ofthinking and acting ends up to the stability and duration of the not always accurate and fruitful Denkstil. At the core of political science resides the question of how policy is shaped. Even though this study has focused merely on one organisation in a specific policy field in one country it brings insights to the knowledge and policy nexus.
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Landman, Megan. "A case study of the curriculum logic of a South African university degree programme in sports management and its appropriateness to the labour market." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33754.
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Over the past 50 years, sport has undergone a process of commercialisation and professionalisation, and has become “big business”. It now requires adequately trained professionals to manage the daily operations of sport businesses. The question in which this research originated was: are universities able to provide the kind of education needed to equip managers with the knowledge and skills necessary to manage sport in South Africa? The specific aim of this study was to determine the curriculum logic of a selected South African university degree programme in sports management and its appropriateness to the labour market. There has been little research in the South African environment in terms of how sport management is taught. Several studies have, however, been done elsewhere, showing that there is a need for a systematic study of sport management in academia, that sport and business need to be studied congruently and that sport management curriculum should move away from the science of movement (Masteralexis et al., 2015; Skinner et al., 2015). Adopting a qualitative, case study approach, and after an initial stage of desk-top research, one South African university undergraduate programme in sport management was selected for indepth research. Data was collected by making use of the curriculum details found on-line in the university's yearbook, as well as by conducting one in-depth interview with a faculty staff member. Each of the modules across all three years of study, as well as the interview with the member of faculty were analysed, on two levels. In the first level analysis, the curriculum was analysed using international guidelines provided by sport management programme accreditation bodies in the United States which identify the core elements that should form part of a sport management curriculum. The second level of analysis draws on conceptual models from the field of curriculum studies to evaluate the curriculum logic of the chosen sport management curriculum. The work of Gamble (2006, 2009, 2016) was drawn on to identify the dominant knowledge type in the curriculum, Shay's conceptual model (2011, 2013, 2016) was used to describe the nature of the coherence of the curriculum, the work of Barnett (2006) was used to analyse the recontextualisation of the curriculum, and the work of Allais and Shalem (2018) was used to examine the relationship between the curriculum and the labour market. These analyses illuminated the overall nature of the programme in terms of its selection, sequencing, pacing, recontextualisation, curriculum coherence and directionality. The study found that this case of a sport management degree did not meet the curriculum requirements stipulated by the North American guidelines. The findings were that the curriculum is comprised mainly of principled knowledge and it is a conceptually (as opposed to contextually) coherent curriculum with the majority of its modules pedagogically recontextualised. Shay and Gamble's conceptual models yielded conflicting analyses regarding the type of curriculum: in terms of Shay's model, the University of Johannesburg's (UJ) curriculum is a professional qualification, whereas Gamble's model suggests that UJ's curriculum is a general formative undergraduate degree. The pacing of the curriculum showed evidence of trying to cover too many modules and insufficient time to cover key areas in sufficient depth. The overall conclusion was that the curriculum is attempting to cover too much in three years and that it should perhaps look at becoming more focused. This can be done by strictly following the guidelines given by the North American bodies, leading to the curriculum being an occupational one that is linked closely to the labour market, or it could focus on becoming a professional qualification where it focuses more on theory and applied knowledge but in a selective way so as to ensure that it allows for a more in-depth study of the modules. Or the curriculum could settle for being a general formative degree that specialises in the postgraduate programme.
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Carnestedt, Ljungberg Molly. "Vem får ställa ut på den samtida konstscenen? : Betydelsen av kön." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24328.
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This examination studies the gender balance of contemporary art exhibitions in Sweden. To what extent genders are equally represented assumes to be based on how the curating process considers equality work. Three categories of art organisations are studied with the intention to determine differences in equality approach between the categories. Official documents of each organisation are examined to understand how they formally relate to equality work. Statistics of the actual gender balance of each organisation are produced based on the last two years exhibition archives. The study includes interviews with a curator or director from two private exhibition halls, two private art galleries and two public art institutions. The aim is to create an understanding of how the decisions are made and on what basis the artists are chosen. The theoretic base is institutional theory, the study uses a part of the theory called the logic of appropriateness, which explains individual behaviour as a result of how the three aspects identity, rules and situation interact and combine. The conclusions of this study are that all respondents show awareness of the gender balance issue yet other variables are more important for the decision. There is generally a loose coupling between the formal and the informal structure. Equality work can be implemented as a policy without making any difference in the practice.<br>Studien undersöker hur könsfördelningen ser ut på den samtida konstscenen i Sverige. I vilken utsträckning kön representeras på ett jämställt sätt inom utställningsproduktion antas kopplat till hur de delaktiga i beslutsprocessen förhåller sig till externt jämställdhetsarbete. Tre kategorier av organisationer studeras för att kunna avgöra om det finns skillnader i tillvägagångssätt. Officiella dokument från varje organisation undersöks för att förstå hur de formellt förhåller sig till jämställdhetsarbete. Statistik av den faktiska könsfördelningen för varje organisation tas fram från de två senaste årens utställningsarkiv. Studien innefattar även intervjuer med en beslutsfattande person från respektive organisation; två statliga konstinstitutioner, två privata konsthallar och två privata gallerier. Undersökningen syftar till att skapa förståelse för vad som ligger till grund för valet av konstnärer. Studien har sin teoretiska utgångspunkt i institutionell teori och använder en del av teorin som kallas lämplighetslogiken. Teorin förklarar individuellt beteende som beroende av sin kontext, utifrån de tre aspekterna identitet, regler och situation. Slutsatserna för undersökningen är att samtliga respondenter visar en stor medvetenhet kring könsfördelningen men att andra variabler tenderar att vara viktigare i valet av konstnärer. Hur organisationerna formellt förhåller sig till jämställdhetsarbete har en begränsad påverkan på det praktiska utfallet. Desto mer betydelsefullt är huruvida dessa värderingar finns implementerade i företagskulturen och hos de som är delaktiga i beslutsprocessen.
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Deniz, Ugur Amber. "The (In)visible Hand of the EU : How the EU has affected changes in Turkey's Asylum and Refugee Policy?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-386038.
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Previous literature on the Europeanization of candidate countries has lacked careful empirical investigations into how the process drives domestic policies to change in line with the EU acquis. Selecting on the least-likely case of Turkey and its refugee and asylum policy, I identify that previous work has assumed that Turkey’s policy shifts have been driven by rationalist cost- benefit calculations of its government. The purpose of this study has been to empirically investigate and trace the mechanisms of Europeanization in the selected case, in order to thereby contribute to knowledge on the process of Europeanization in candidate countries in general, and address to the previous research gap. Given this purpose, I have aimed to produce answers to the research question: how has the EU affected Turkey’s asylum and refugee policy after the declaration of candidacy status? I hypothesize that a rationalist model driven by the EU’s conditionality can indeed explain domestic policy changes in Turkey, but also that an alternative mechanism of socialization has been at play. Tracing the process of Europeanization through secondary sources, the results show that what started with behavioral-adaptation of domestic policy change in alignment with the EU’s laws, norms and demands between 1999 and 2010, between 2011 and 2018 the Turkish asylum and refugee policies started to step away from the push power of the external incentives. Nonetheless, significant domestic policy changes continued, suggesting evidence against the rationalist conditionality model of Europeanization in this period. However, I argue that the results are not strong enough to make the claim Turkey’s domestic policy change was driven by a mechanism of socialization, but rather suggest there has been initiation of a switch between the mechanisms.
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Silva, David Moisés Felismino da. "A produção do cidadão: políticas públicas para a primeira infância no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-12122018-132519/.
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Esta dissertação apresenta uma investigação sobre atores envolvidos na produção de políticas públicas para a primeira infância no Brasil. Nela buscou-se identificar e compreender suas ideias, suas formas de organização, articulação, negociação e tomada de decisão, explicando o predomínio da conciliação e do consenso entre eles. A pesquisa teve também o propósito de testar a viabilidade do uso da Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) para o estudo daqueles atores e seu subsistema de políticas, verificando as possibilidades e limitações dessa estrutura teórico-conceitual. Foi feito um estudo de caso sobre a comissão especial da Câmara dos Deputados que aprovou em 2014 o Projeto de Lei nº 6998\\2013, levando à criação do Marco Legal da Primeira Infância (MLPI), a Lei nº 13257 de 8\\3\\2016. Foram analisados os registros em texto e áudio das reuniões e audiências da comissão. A análise de argumentos e posições dos atores foi fundamentada na abordagem conceitual de Michael Freeden e na sua morfologia das famílias ideológicas, em associação com a caracterização das ideologias por Andrew Vincent. Foram identificados conceitos e princípios característicos de diversas famílias ideológicas, revelando-se bases para diferentes coalizões. As constatações da análise foram comparadas com dados fornecidos por atores em entrevistas semiestruturadas. Concluiu-se que houve um empenho comum das coalizões para a construção de um consenso prático que garantisse a aprovação do MLPI, pois esta beneficiaria a todos os atores. O teste de uso da ACF indicou que esta é uma abordagem apropriada para o estudo daquele subsistema de políticas, embora tenha apresentado duas limitações graves: não foi capaz de explicar a ação individual contraditória nem o apoio de todas as coalizões à criação do MLPI. Nesses dois pontos, foi necessário recorrer à abordagem de James March sobre as lógicas da adequação e da consequência. Sendo, tal como a ACF, uma abordagem ideacional, esse sistema de lógicas de ação mostrou-se um complemento viável e eficiente.<br>This dissertation presents an investigation on individuals and groups devoted to design public policies for early childhood in Brazil. It sought to understand their ideas, the ways they coordinate and compete, their decision-making process, as well as to explain the dominance of consensus among them. This work also aimed to test the feasibility of using Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) as theoretical background for the research on those actors and their policy subsystem. A case study was made of the special committee in the Câmara dos Deputados where representatives passed in 2014 the Bill nº 6998\\2013, leading to the creation of a national legal framework for early childhood (MLPI), by Law nº 13257 of 3\\8th\\2016. Records (text and audio) of meetings and hearings held by the commitee were analyzed. The analysis of arguments and positions expressed by actors was based on Michael Freedens conceptual approach of ideologies and his morphology of ideological families, in association with Andrew Vincents characterization of ideologies. Concepts and principles related to various ideologies were identified, pointing out conditions for different coalitions to be formed. The findings of analysis were compared with information provided by actors in semi-structured interviews. It was concluded that there was a common commitment of coalitions to build a practical consensus that would assure the approval of MLPI, as this would benefit all stakeholders. The feasibility test of ACF suggested that this is a suitable approach to the research on that policy subsystem, although it has presented two serious limitations: it was not able to explain the contradictory individual action nor the commitment of all coalitions to the creation of MLPI. To deal with these topics, it was necessary to resort to James Marchs approach on the logics of appopriateness and consequences. Being as much an ideational approach as the ACF, this logic of action system proved to be a viable and efficient complement.
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Komasová, Sarah. "Vliv diskurzu mezinárodních vztahů na rozhodování jeho aktérů." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-337370.
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The diploma thesis experimentally examines the influence of the discourse of international relations schools on decision-making of its actors. The hypothesis presumes that the extent of actors' cooperation is influenced by the discursive framing in which the dilemma is presented. The experimental model has been constructed on the basis of iterated prisoner's dilemma which is presented through discursively influenced narratives as an evolving international relations situation. These narratives, representing an independent variable, have been derived from concrete schools of international relations - realism, neoliberalism and constructivism. Participants of the experiment were assigned to particular experimental treatment on the basis of random assignment. The experiment confirmed a statistically significant difference between decision-making of participants assigned to the realist and neoliberal experimental treatment, fulfilling the condition of random assignment which was controlled through control variables. Understanding of the decision-making process was further enriched by a qualitative analysis of interviews with selected experiment participants; the analysis deals especially with the strategy selection process and the strategy application. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Dobiašová, Terézia. "Sankce Evropské unie proti Rakousku v roce 2000 v kontextu postavení Rakouska v Evropské unii. Aplikace konstruktivistické teorie na daný případ." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-298186.
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diplomové práce v anglickém jazyce: EU sanctions against Austria in 2000 in the context of the position of Austria in the European Union. Application of constructivist theory on the case The Master thesis EU sanctions against Austria in 2000 in the context of the position of Austria in the European Union. Application of constructivist theory on the case tried to analyse the Austrian case from the constructivist perspective. The thesis attempted to verify the hypothesis that the Member States of the European Union wrongly assessed the impact of Haider's FPÖ on the Austrian democratic development and the European Union itself, claiming that the participation of the FPÖ in the Austrian federal government was jeopardizing its democratic values. In fact there was no evidence for this allegation despite the nature of the FPÖ which was confirmed as being far-right in some aspects (for instance its xenophobia). It has been shown that the participation of the FPÖ in the Austrian government (rather than its isolation, which might have led to even bigger support) was in a certain way a guarantee that democracy and the common values of the European Union would be upheld. Furthermore the thesis tried to answer the question whether the inclusion of the FPÖ in the governmental coalition had posed a real danger...
Books on the topic "Logic of Appropriateness"
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March, James G., and Johan P. Olsen. The Logic of Appropriateness. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199548453.003.0034.
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March, James G., and Johan P. Olsen. The Logic of Appropriateness. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199604456.013.0024.
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Markwica, Robin. The Logic of Affect. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794349.003.0002.
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Chapter 2 develops the logic of affect, or emotional choice theory, as an alternative action model besides the traditional logics of consequences and appropriateness. Drawing on research in psychology and sociology, the model captures not only the social nature of emotions but also their bodily and dynamic character. It posits that the interplay between identities, norms, and five key emotions—fear, anger, hope, pride, and humiliation—can shape decision-making in profound ways. The chapter derives a series of propositions how these five key emotions tend to influence the choice behavior of political leaders whose countries are targeted by coercive diplomacy. These propositions specify the affective conditions under which target leaders are likely to accept or reject a coercer’s demands. Even when emotions produce powerful impulses, humans will not necessarily act on them, however. The chapter thus also incorporates decision-makers’ limited ability to regulate their emotions into the logic of affect.
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Markwica, Robin. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794349.003.0006.
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The concluding chapter starts out by assessing the explanatory power of the logic of affect. It suggests that the model was able to illuminate decisions that were difficult to comprehend from the standpoint of existing theoretical approaches. The logic of affect also improved on accounts where the traditional logics of consequences or appropriateness already enjoyed some success. This has resulted in more comprehensive explanations for why coercive diplomacy worked in the missile crisis but not in the Gulf conflict. After comparing the findings of the case studies, the chapter sketches their policy implications for the practice of coercive diplomacy. Finally, it provides some suggestions for future research that build on this effort to establish an affect-based paradigm in International Relations.
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McCabe, Joshua T. The Great Divergence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190841300.003.0002.
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Chapter 2 looks at the “great divergence,” when logics of appropriateness were institutionalized in public policies. It shows just how similar all three countries were in the interwar period. Prior to World War II, American, British, and Canadian policymakers held similar views on when it was appropriate to provide direct cash benefits to families with children. Nascent projects for postwar reconstruction changed this in Canada and the UK as each country introduced family allowances in the mid-1940s. Children were recognized for the first time ever as deserving of direct cash benefits according to a new logic of income supplementation. The US on the other hand never introduced family allowances. The unintended result was the noninstitutionalization of the logic of income supplementation for families. The policy legacies established during this period were crucial for shaping later responses to inflation and child poverty.
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McCabe, Joshua T. From the Era of Easy Finance to Permanent Austerity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190841300.003.0003.
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Chapter 3 covers the transition from the “era of easy finance” to the “era of permanent austerity,” when macroeconomic changes reinforced logics. The onset of stagflation across the developed world led to new and intense economic pressures on families. Most scholars of this period focus on the confusion policymakers faced as the Keynesian consensus broke down and they were forced to recalibrate monetary and fiscal policy. Policymakers also faced uncertainty in how to deal with inflation-induced erosion of tax and social benefits for families. In countries with family allowances, like Canada and the UK, policymakers and the public traced these pressures to the erosion of family allowances. Because the US had no family allowance, policymakers and the public instead traced these pressures to the erosion of dependent exemptions in the tax system. In doing so, they reinforced the dominant logic of appropriateness that lay behind policy responses to the problem of inflation in each country.
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Markwica, Robin. Emotional Choices. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794349.001.0001.
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In coercive diplomacy, states threaten military action to persuade opponents to change their behavior. The goal is to achieve a target’s compliance without incurring the cost in blood and treasure of military intervention. Coercers typically employ this strategy toward weaker actors, but targets often refuse to submit and the parties enter into war. To explain these puzzling failures of coercive diplomacy, existing accounts generally refer to coercers’ perceived lack of resolve or targets’ social norms and identities. What these approaches either neglect or do not examine systematically is the role that emotions play in these encounters. The present book contends that target leaders’ affective experience can shape their decision-making in significant ways. Drawing on research in psychology and sociology, the study introduces an additional, emotion-based action model besides the traditional logics of consequences and appropriateness. This logic of affect, or emotional choice theory, posits that target leaders’ choice behavior is influenced by the dynamic interplay between their norms, identities, and five key emotions, namely fear, anger, hope, pride, and humiliation. The core of the action model consists of a series of propositions that specify the emotional conditions under which target leaders are likely to accept or reject a coercer’s demands. The book applies the logic of affect to Nikita Khrushchev’s decision-making during the Cuban missile crisis in 1962 and Saddam Hussein’s choice behavior in the Gulf conflict in 1990–91, offering a novel explanation for why coercive diplomacy succeeded in one case but not in the other.
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Smith, Tony. FDR and World Order: Globalizing the Monroe Doctrine. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691154923.003.0005.
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This chapter examines Franklin D. Roosevelt's liberal democratic internationalism and his efforts to assure American national security by constructing a stable world order based on the Monroe Doctrine of 1823, which the United States sought to globalize in the aftermath of the Axis defeat in World War II. It first considers how FDR infused American liberalism with a healthy dose of realism about the appropriateness of democracy for other countries in the aftermath of World War II before discussing anti-imperialism as a component of American foreign policy. It also explores the United States's promotion of democracy and pursuit of a liberal world order as a means of countering Soviet imperialism. It argues that liberal democratic internationalism has been the American way of practicing balance-of-power politics in world affairs, and that the dominant logic of American foreign policy was dictated by concerns for national security.
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McCabe, Joshua T. American Exceptionalism Revisited. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190841300.003.0001.
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Chapter 1 challenges the conventional wisdom on American exceptionalism in regard to tax and social policy. After setting up the puzzle and outlining why previous theories cannot explain them, it lays out the book’s main arguments in detail. First, it outlines the book’s theory of fiscalization as an obfuscation strategy. Second, it outlines a new theory of the cultural legacies of public policies. It is not, as most scholars argue, the legacy of the Poor Law that explains America’s exceptional tax credits but rather the absence of a legacy of family allowances. It argues that “logics of appropriateness,” institutionalized in policy legacies, can limit the ability of future policymakers to extend benefits to seemingly deserving target populations. The legitimacy of a policy depends not only on who is receiving it and whether it is effective but also on how they are receiving it.
Book chapters on the topic "Logic of Appropriateness"
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Schulz, Martin. "Logic of Consequences and Logic of Appropriateness." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Strategic Management. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-94848-2_544-1.
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Schulz, Martin. "Logic of Consequences and Logic of Appropriateness." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Strategic Management. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-00772-8_544.
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"Appropriateness and Typing." In The Logic of Typed Feature Structures. Cambridge University Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511530098.006.
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Lewis, Jeffrey. "14. Coreper: National interests and the logic of appropriateness." In Institutions of the European Union. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198737414.003.0014.
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This chapter examines the role of the Committee of Permanent Representatives (Coreper) in the European Union. Coreper originated as a diplomatic forum to meet regularly and prepare meetings of the Council of Ministers. It evolved into a locus of continuous negotiation and de facto decision-making, gaining a reputation as ‘the place to do the deal’. Coreper is the site in EU decision-making where national interests and European solutions interact more frequently, more intensively, and across more issue areas than any other. The chapter first provides an overview of the origins of Coreper before discussing its structure and powers. It then considers how Coreper, as an institutional environment, gives rise to what neo-institutionalists call ‘logic of appropriateness’, which informs bargaining behaviour and influences everyday decision-making outcomes.
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Christensen, Tom, and Per Lægreid. "The Logic of Appropriateness – A Central Concept in Institutional Theory." In Carnegie goes to California: Advancing and Celebrating the Work of James G. March. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s0733-558x20210000076008.
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Teles Fazendeiro, Bernardo. "Uzbekistan's ‘spirit’ of self-reliance and the logic of appropriateness: TAPOich and interaction with Russia." In Diverging Paths of Development in Central Asia. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315187211-5.
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Newark, Daniel A., and Markus C. Becker. "Bringing the Logic of Appropriateness into the Lab: An Experimental Study of Behavior and Cognition." In Carnegie goes to California: Advancing and Celebrating the Work of James G. March. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s0733-558x20210000076009.
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Pereira, Luís Moniz, and Ari Saptawijaya. "Bridging Two Realms of Machine Ethics." In Rethinking Machine Ethics in the Age of Ubiquitous Technology. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8592-5.ch010.
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We address problems in machine ethics dealt with using computational techniques. Our research has focused on Computational Logic, particularly Logic Programming, and its appropriateness to model morality, namely moral permissibility, its justification, and the dual-process of moral judgments regarding the realm of the individual. In the collective realm, we, using Evolutionary Game Theory in populations of individuals, have studied norms and morality emergence computationally. These, to start with, are not equipped with much cognitive capability, and simply act from a predetermined set of actions. Our research shows that the introduction of cognitive capabilities, such as intention recognition, commitment, and apology, separately and jointly, reinforce the emergence of cooperation in populations, comparatively to their absence. Bridging such capabilities between the two realms helps understand the emergent ethical behavior of agents in groups, and implements them not just in simulations, but in the world of future robots and their swarms. Evolutionary Anthropology provides teachings.
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Brown, Celia. "Methods of Evaluation of Community Health Worker Training." In Training for Community Health. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198866244.003.0010.
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This chapter considers the theory and practice of the evaluation of CHW training. It aims to provide guidance on how to conduct evaluations, focusing on evaluations seeking a quantitative measure of effectiveness. The authors highlight the usefulness of ‘thinking through’ how the training is expected to work by developing a logic model. They then show how the model can be used to help design an appropriate evaluation. In addition, potential study designs and ‘end points’ or outcomes to be measured are discussed. However, the authors emphasize, that these elements need to be considered concurrently, because the appropriateness of the study design depends, in part, on the primary outcome measure for the evaluation. The chapter concludes by describing the benefits of mixed methods research and a number of other considerations when designing, implementing, and writing up the important task of evaluating CHW training.
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Epperly, Brad. "Examining Insurance across Regime Type." In The Political Foundations of Judicial Independence in Dictatorship and Democracy. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198845027.003.0004.
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Chapter 3 consists of direct tests of the empirical implications of the theoretical model forwarded in Chapter 1. It begins by revisiting the logic of insurance, specifically what it is about the electoral environment that should induce leaders to maintain or further judicial independence, addressing issues of concepts and measures at length. Panel models show that competition is strongly associated with de facto judicial independence in autocratic regimes, but less so in democratic. These results hold up not only accounting for potential confounding variables, but also against numerous competing explanations and further robustness checks. Recognizing that these analyses are purely observational, it argues for the appropriateness of two instruments of competition. Two-stage least squares models show the effectiveness of these instruments of competition, and offer the first attempt to assess the relationship between competition and independence in a causal manner. The results are strongly supportive of the theory of autocratic insurance, but far less so for democratic: the relationship between competition and independence in democracies, weak already in the linear models, becomes non-existent in the instrumental variables analysis.
Conference papers on the topic "Logic of Appropriateness"
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Al-Mahadin, Aziz, and Evangelos Papageorgiou. "Investigating the Appropriateness of Fuzzy Logic Techniques to Model Unsteady Aerodynamics." In 2020 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aset48392.2020.9118270.
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