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Academic literature on the topic 'Logistique (gestion) – Évaluation'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Logistique (gestion) – Évaluation"
Alayet, Chaker. "Évaluation comparative d'approches de pilotage dans une chaîne logistique forestière." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27572.
Full textThe forest is a beneficial and renewable source of raw materials that ensures an economic dynamic. Thereby, the forest industry is characterized by a complex logistics network that is subject to a number of unique factors, such as: a growing need for customization of products, an unrecognized and uncertain demand for a few markets, and fierce global competition. This industry also encompasses a set of interconnected nodes for materials, information, and financial transactions. In this context, this thesis deals with the planning and control of the logistic activities of a forest value chain. It is a network that puts together the needful activities to move the raw materials and process them into finished products for customers. Our contribution through this project is to establish planning models that enable decision-makers to better coordinate their activities and improve their ways of exchanging information between each other in order to meet customer needs, build sustainable competitive advantage, and reduce costs In order to help the forest industry to achieve such objectives, we propose a methodology including three contributions. The first one suggests a centralized mathematical model then maximizes the total profit of a forest value chain by optimizing the quantities to be harvested and stored as well as the ones to be delivered. The second contribution is based on coordinated models that allow for more effective planning and control of forestry supply activities. The third contribution offers a conceptual implementation strategy and at the same time a technological platform which should be helpful to support the implementation of the coordination models developed.
Véran, Lucien. "Le temps de réaction des organisations." Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE0003.
Full textMehrabikoushki, Ali. "Partage d'information dans la chaîne logistique : évaluation des impacts sur la performance d'une chaîne logistique des modes de collaboration mis en oeuvre entre les partenaires et des informations échangées." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0066/these.pdf.
Full textIn this thesis, we are interesting to analyse the value of leadtime information sharing in the distribution centres. We proposed a resolution framework and then we developed a first simulation model which leans on this proposed framework. This simulation model allowed us to realize a first numerical analysis on a depot structure. During this research, we studied also a warehouse with several retailers. For this problem, we formulated, at first, an inventory model with stochastic leadtime. By applying successively two inventory policies, we distinguished two basic models: a first model for information sharing situation and the second for no information sharing situation. We programmed and solved both models by LINGO. The results of these two theoretical studies show: - In every studied situation, leadtime information sharing has important benefits; - Important relations exist between the value of information sharing and some of other parameters, such as: the mode of cooperation, the context of market, the behaviour of clients, the unit cost of shortage, the structure of network and the characteristics of leadtime; - The behaviour of clients goes out as being the most important factor in terms of the sensibility and also on the effect of the other parameters on the value of leadtime information sharing; At the end, to validate the results of these theoretical studies, we modelled and studied the leadtime information sharing in a downstream pharmaceutical supply chain
Sahu, Rabin Kumar. "Cadre général et méthodes d’optimisation pour la planification de stock en contextes industriels." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I019.
Full textReplenishment is one of the major activities which also incurs substantial costs. Its objective is to ensure adequate product availability at the demand points (either warehouses or point-of-sales) so that the associated cost is minimized. In practice, different optimization problems are encountered depending on the industry. In this dissertation, we propose a framework for generalized solution development for such diverse problems. Our contribution in this regard are in three areas. First, we propose a classification scheme for the optimization problems to facilitate common solution development. We take inspirations from Graham’s notations for scheduling problems.Secondly, we list key performance indicators (KPIs) to assess the performance of inventory management systems. We define a total of ten KPIs distributed under three categories: financial, operational and service and examine their usefulness. On the evaluation side, we examine the difficulties in comparing the performances of two inventory management systems and propose a simulation method to assess the relative performance.At last, we propose optimization methods for different replenishment problems. We first divide the optimization problems into two broad groups: long-term and short-term. The long-term group covers most strategic and some of the tactical decisions and the short-term group covers most operational decisions. We focus mainly on the short-term planning problems. These are again divided into two parts: single-item replenishment problems and multi-item (joint) replenishment problems. For the first class of problems, we propose a sample-based method for stationary demand and full backorder. The method is extendable to include additional problem parameters. We also propose a method based on dynamic programming for the general problem with non-stationary demand and the problem with supplier selection. For the second class of problems with multiple items, we focus on the replenishment planning problems during promotions in the presence of multi-item prepacks. We propose to address it in two phases. First, we propose a multi-objective approach that can be solved with CPLEX for small to medium size problem instances. For large problem instances, we reformulated the multi-objective problem into a single objective one. Then we propose a metaheuristic to obtain near optimal solutions in real time.One common thread of this dissertation has been to facilitate industrialization of the proposed solutions. Indeed, from the review of existing literature, we found that large gaps exist between academic consideration of inventory optimization problems and their use or maturity level in industries. We found that only 5% of the rigorous literature having some practical backing. This is primarily because of simplistic nature of the problem considered for research. This is justified since all the problem parameters cannot be considered in the mathematical model so that the model is solvable. On the contrary, one aspect that is ignored in practice is the practical viability of the solution and validation. Users increasingly want to scrutinize the results given by the machine. However, most systems lack a reasonable explanation or the evaluation of alternate solutions. Advancement in these areas will result in more adoption of academic research in the industries. To overcome these limitations , we meticulously examined the real-world problem instances and identified different problem parameters. We select the single-item stochastic replenishment problem for the first industrial implementation. The solution method was extended to include lost sales, multiple batch-sizes and service level constraint. Further industrialization is underway
Sakli, Leila. "Modélisation et évaluation des vulnérabilités et des risques dans les chaînes logistiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4374.
Full textDespite their distributed nature, these supply chains can be very efficient in the ideal conditions of production and exchange. However, their complexity makes them more fragile. This dissertation proposes models and methods for risk analysis to enhance the robustness and resilience of SCs. We analyzed this area following an ontological approach using the KOD method. Based on state of the art in the field of risk in SCs, and on real cases, we identified the indicators of the most significant vulnerabilities. From the extracted knowledge and mathematical models proposed in the literature, we built the model of a multi-stage SC using ARIMA models incorporating the randomness of the demand. In order to adapt this model to situations of vulnerability and risk, we have added capacity and positivity constraints on orders and inventories. Under the impact of hazardous events or strong disturbances, some constraints of the system can be reached and therefore, its evolution may deviate considerably from the nominal dynamics or even become unstable. We proposed vulnerability indicators such as indicators of the frequency of delivery delays or costs due to the immobilization of products. Finally, scenarios were used to represent the occurrence of dangerous events. We then got simulation results in MATLAB, which allowed us to assess their consequences for different configurations of the system, especially for strong disturbances of information flows and physical flows
Labadi, Karim. "Contribution à la modélisation et à l'évaluation de performances des systèmes logistiques à l'aide d'un nouveau modèle de réseaux de Petri stochastiques." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Troyes, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00389432.
Full textRetmi, Kawtar. "Une approche pour une évaluation économique des décisions opérationnelles et tactiques : mise en œuvre sur la Supply chain de l’OCP." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100165/document.
Full textOCP SA is Morocco’s largest company. It is widely considered as owning some 60% of phosphate world reserves and is engaged in a process of Supply Chain control. Initially specialized in phosphate ore extraction, OCP SA has expanded, few years ago, its activities to include production of phosphate fertilizers using chemical processing. Under our research project, we focus on economic management of OCP’s Hybrid Supply chain (HSC). A HSC comprises multiple interrelated discrete and continuous processes together forming an integrated process from the supplier down to the end customer. In such a system, the production rationale includes both batch and flow models. Each discrete or continuous process seeks to capture part of the value created by the organizational collaboration performed either in internal supply chains made up of business unit or in external ones made up of legally independent entities.At first, we focused on the representation of physical functioning. So a simulation model that allows us to reproduce this functioning has been done from the process mapping we have done. The modeling / Simulation technique mobilized in the modeling framework of this type of supply chain is the Discrete Event Simulation (DES) which allows reproducing the operational functioning of the HSCBy working on the command, this implies a specific management control with a definition of a dynamic repository that will depend on the simulation model. This repository can be used by the interactive decision support system of management control in order to improve decision-making. Therefore, we must measure the economic impact, evaluate the decision-making alternatives and analyze the gaps. To do this, it is necessary to rely on a management accounting based on a second modeling / simulation in order to propose a cost model. This second simulation relies on a finer representation of the processes in a perspective of periodic financial reporting and must allow better appreciate the cost drivers. In this context, we have chosen the Activity Based Costing (ABC) method. In addition, in process mapping, each production step involving a process change and contributing to its discretization represents a triggering event highlighting a cost driver. We have thus processed each process at the level of the "acid" BU and at the level of the "fertilizer" BU to determine the inductors used to allocate the expenses. Our ABC model is therefore used to measure the value creation for each BUs of the HSC and it is able to take into account all the outputs and inputs of each processing entity.Later, our aim is to explore the integration of the notion of cost in the simulation model. The limit of the discrete event simulation is manifested in the level of information provided on costs. To assess production costs, and the influence of the diversity of production scenario, variable costs must be included. This can be provided by the combination of the discrete event simulation with the ABC method. So we have proposed an approach that will be implemented in the context of the OCP HSC. This approach will take into account the coupling between ABC and SED with all the translation rules to can, from the existing management control system that is associated with a functional unit cost centers, go to the BUs oriented industrial processes. It will also enable us to structure the physical and financial flow performance indicators in the form of a scorecard
Desport, Pierre. "Planification tactique de chaîne d'approvisionnement en boucle fermée : modélisation, résolution, évaluation." Thesis, Angers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANGE0012/document.
Full textSupply chains are ubiquitous across industries and a considerable effort has been invested in supply chain management techniques over the last decades. In Telecommunications service industries, it often involves repair operations and consequently takes place in a closed-loop supply chain. In this context, supply chain management is concerned with optimally planning movements of faulty parts and spare parts based on a demand forecast and in the face of conflicting objectifs (stock out, storage, repair, transfer). This thesis describes this optimisation problem and based on a case study. Specifically, we consider a tactical planning decision support system. This system depends on a generic modeling of the problem that can be applied on a wide range of supply chains. We present an exact method and a metaheuristic to solve this problem and evaluate our approaches against a variety of instances of different sizes. We also study the ability to emulate specific management policies (e.g., just-in-time replenishment, minimal repair) by weighting the objectives. Finally, we investigate how to apply successive plans generated by the system and study the capability to face forecast uncertainties
Kammoun, Niaz. "La gestion des brevets et la valorisation des entreprises." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1021.
Full textRecently we notice a striking transition from an economy based on tangible assets to a knowledge economy based on intangible assets. This trend is illustrated through increased investment in R&D resulting in the filing of a large number of patents. However, only a minority of these has a financial value. These facts led us to wonder about the factors that lead to the renewal or abandonment of a patent.In our quest for answers to this first issue, we defined three strategic phases of patent life cycle: process abandonment, natural abandonment, and late abandonment. In addition, results of simple logistic regressions reveal two variables: the duration of delivery and the cumulative number of citing patents.The incorporation of intangible assets in the balance sheet is a real dilemma without an adequate treatment. Even though the valuation of intangibles remains at the heart of many studies and debates, theorists and researchers confirm that these assets significantly influence the market's perception of the financial value of holding companies (overvalued). Within this framework, this research attempts to answer this question as well: How does the financial market react to the dissemination of new information on patents held by a company?Our research allowed us to highlight the role of informational asymmetry in the valuation of patents. Thus, the market capitalization of the patent holder is positively correlated with available information. Finally, we notice that the magnitude of the cumulative abnormal return is a function of the industry
Estampe, Dominique. "Modèle d'évaluation des performances Supply Chain : outil de mesure de la crétion de valeur." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ECAP0021.
Full textThe purpose of supply chain management is to pilot a group of actors belonging to one or several chains, thereby achieving a global optimisation of the chain(s) and creating shared value. Systemic analysis has improved understanding of actors’ performance expectations, and with today’s broader outlook, chains tend to be viewed as encompassing a whole range of disparate elements. Determining the best supply chain management practices helps to create value for customers and shareholders. Using a statistical model, we have been able to show that the more companies commit to a supply chain excellence approach, the greater the value for their customers and shareholders. The companies that have established the best supply chain management practices are those that will benefit most from customer and shareholder goodwill. We then analysed the different supply chain management performance evaluation models and showed that existing variants are not all geared towards value creation analysis. This led us to compare 15 models differentiated by several categories. Having observed several weaknesses in these variants, we came up with our own supply chain management performance evaluation model (SCALE), one that is more oriented towards value creation within the chain and will enable companies to move as efficiently as possible to adopt an extended value creation construct. The model was implemented in a large retail company to demonstrate how its utilisation can impact the creation of new wealth for company and chain alike. The conclusions of this corporate study show that the SCALE model helps corporate decision-makers within a particular chain to improve the way in which they pilot their organisations by incorporating the characteristic parameters of each actor and the environment as a whole