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Spalink, Angenette M. "Loie Fuller and Modern Movement." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1277060256.
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Kappel, Caroline J. "Labyrinthine depictions and tempting colors the synaesthetic dances of Loïe Fuller as symbolist choreography /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1195707359.
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Kappel, Caroline J. "Labyrinthine Depictions and Tempting Colors: The Synaesthetic Dances of Loïe Fuller as Symbolist Choreography." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1195707359.
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Meinzenbach, Sandra. "Neue alte Weiblichkeit Frauenbilder und Kunstkonzepte im Freien Tanz: Loïe Fuller, Isadora Duncan und Ruth St. Denis zwischen 1891 und 1934." Marburg Tectum-Verl, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000358267/04.
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Lindberg, Jessica S. "Reconstructing, labanotating and performing Loie Fuller's Fire Dance." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1327948327.
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Hutchins, Katharine. "Choreographing Modernity: Loïe Fuller and Her Influence on the Arts." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/75.
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This thesis, which studies the effect Loïe Fuller had on artists at the turn of the 20th century, redefines her role in art and society. An American dancer born in 1862, Fuller is often hailed as one of the forefathers of modern dance and a technological engineer, but she is too rarely shown in control of how the audience perceived her. This work gives an overview of Art Nouveau and the Universal Exposition of 1900 in Paris in which she performed. It closely examines her impact on painters, illustrators, and lithographers: Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Will Bradley, and Jules Cheret. It also studies her influence on sculptors: Raoul Larche, Agathon Léonard, and Pierre Roche; architect Henri Sauvage, and writer Stéphane Mallarmé. In this work, Fuller is not solely presented as the physical embodiment of Art Nouveau but as an active shaper of artistic movements of her time. It portrays her as active rather than passive.
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Botella, Julien. "Dramaturgies du diaphane : enjeux esthétiques et politiques d’un paradigme, du symbolisme au néo-symbolisme, de Maeterlinck à Norén, Fosse et Lygre." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030050.
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La thèse analyse l’esthétique du diffus et son devenir dramaturgique dans les théâtralités symboliste et néo-symboliste. Elle interroge la notion d’atmosphère théâtrale depuis la fin du XIXe siècle sur la scène symboliste, à partir du moment où l’économie de l’immatériel en fait un enjeu spécifique pour l’écriture du drame. A travers l’analyse des travaux d’Appia sur la dramaturgie wagnérienne, de Meyerhold et de Régy sur le théâtre de Maeterlinck, elle vise à repenser la corrélation que la pensée brechtienne a établie entre cette esthétique du diffus et de l’effacement que nous désignons par le substantif « diaphane » et un régime de pure fascination esthétique qui caractérise le divertissement bourgeois. Est ainsi interrogée la place de l’altération perceptive dans la politique de la représentation. Quelle éthique, quelle politique de la représentation la dramaturgie du diaphane fait-elle intervenir ? Dans la première partie, intitulée « Influences et contextes : modélisation d’une théâtralité atmosphérique au XIXe siècle », est analysé comment, dans le contexte d’une autonomisation des arts, s’est développée une esthétique symboliste du diaphane fondée sur le voilage et la dématérialisation. La seconde partie, intitulée « Du symbolisme au néo-symbolisme : devenir scénique du corps diaphane » envisage la proxémie du spectacle et montre comment s'est formée une conception du jeu et de la présence fondée sur une approche auratique. Dans la troisième partie, intitulée « Dramaturgies contemporaines du diaphane », les dramaturgies de Lars Norén, Jon Fosse et Arne Lygre sont plus particulièrement analysées dans la mesure où elles sollicitent à des degrés divers l’esthétique néo-symboliste et travaillent à partir du diaphane dans une perspective politique. La non-transparence apparaît ainsi comme un régime de perception du réel et de construction de la réflexivité qui caractérise ce que nous nommons « théâtre du disparaître »The dissertation analyzes the aesthetics of diaphanous and its scenic becoming in symbolist and neo-symbolist drama. It aims at refunding the combination that Brecht established between the aesthetics of diaphanous and a pure fascination regimen that annihilates critical judgment. Through the analyze of Appia’s work on Wagnerian “Worttondrama” and of Meyerhold or Régy’s works on Maeterlinck drama, the dissertation aims at emphasizing the role of perceptive alteration in politics of representation. Which ethics, which politics does aesthetics of diaphanous promote? To answer this question, the work analyzes the way that Lars Norén, Jon Fosse and Arne Lygre drama, as reluctant as Brecht to a pure aesthetic approach of representation, nevertheless use diaphanous in a political purpose. Suspension and unclearness then can be considered as ways of perceiving and building reality. Thus is renewed the dialectics of irony and empathy, identity and alteration, politics and metaphysics that fed perspectivist theory of representation. Lars Norén, Jon Fosse and Arne Lygre drama are significant in their purpose of dissolving rhetorical structures and teleology, questioning the status of emotion and judgment that lies in vanishment
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Pérez, Wilson Simón. "Modernismos en disputa la emergencia de la danza moderna bajo la tensión : |técnica y naturalismo en Loïe Fuller, Isadora Duncan y Vaslav Nijinsky." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/168356.
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Tesis para optar al grado de magíster en artes con mención en teoría e historia del arteEl presente trabajo de tesis busca abordar los tránsitos y tensiones claves del surgimiento del modernismo en danza, bajo la óptica de la tensión tecnológica (entendida como proceso de modernización) y el naturalismo como visión contra-moderna. De esta forma las tensiones que se expresan en el punto de inflexión del cambio de siglo permean la constitución de una nueva forma de entender la disciplina de la danza. La emergencia de la danza moderna está antecedida por una serie de fenómenos que son los que interesa observar y discutir. ¿Cuáles son las condiciones de posibilidad que dan cuenta de la emergencia del modernismo en Danza? Colocando en el centro de la investigación las nociones de técnica, naturalismo, modernismo, y el cómo la obra y pensamiento en Vaslav Nijinsky, Isadora Duncan y LoÏe Fuller pueden dar cuento de ello.
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Coates, Maran. "Moderat's Rusty nails and Loie Fuller's Serpentine dance : analysis cloth, the body and movement as symbolic interpretation of meaning in film." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1015733.
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The main objective of the study is to explore how cloth, the body and movement are able to communicate possible symbolic meaning in Loïe Fuller’s Serpentine Dance film and Moderat’s Rusty Nails music video. The study further attempts to establish the characteristics of fashion film to include cloth, the body and movement and provide a methodology that locates fashion film as a sign system using a visual semiotic analysis framework. The films were then compared and contrasted to determine similarities and differences in their use of cloth, the body and movement. The findings from the film analysis suggest that cloth, the body and movement communicate symbolic meaning in the films based on their associated meanings that are generated both inside and outside the film context. By focussing on cloth, the body and movement as primary communicators (rather than secondary or supporting communicators) in film, new meanings can be interpreted from their interrelationship. The results inform new ways for fashion designers and fashion filmmakers to engage with cloth, the body and movement in fashion film.
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Hanrahan, Kelsey B. "Living Care-fully: Labor, Love and Suffering and the Geographies of Intergenerational Care in Northern Ghana." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/40.
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Care is socially constructed, shaped by expectations embedded within particular relationships and the culturally-specific understandings of what it means to work, love and suffer. In this dissertation, I conceptualize care as a fundamental component of everyday life in which individuals are oriented towards the needs of others. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in a rural Konkomba community in northern Ghana, I explore the geographies of care shaping the everyday experiences of women engaged in intergenerational relationships as they encounter emerging dependencies associated with ageing. Dependencies emerge when an individual requires support and care from another, and in turn the struggles for, and the provision of this support has material and emotional implications for those involved. I make three primary contributions. First, I examine the potential for a feminist ethics of care within livelihoods approaches in order to destabilize notions of independence and material outcomes, arguing that livelihood strategies are characterized by interdependencies within families and communities. Second, I contribute to an understanding of the politics of care by considering women's mobility in the face of competing demands on their labor and resources. Despite responsibilities to provide a 'good death', women experience social and material hurdles to negotiate their mobility in order to provide end of life care to a parent. Third, I explore the embodied emotional experiences of elderly women as they experience dependencies and struggle to engage in material exchange and caring relationships. As a result of these emergence of dependencies, women's everyday lives are deeply shaped by experiences of love and suffering. In northern Ghana, as in other rural agrarian communities in developing regions, the elderly population is growing and a weak formal care infrastructure is ill-prepared to face the pressures of an ageing population. Through this dissertation, I highlight the complex geographies of care shaping everyday life experiences and contribute to an understanding of the particular issues faced by communities where intergenerational relationships are key to lives lived with care.
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Tsuchida, Ami. "Fractionating frontal lobe function." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110341.
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The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is thought to play a central role in higher order executive function important in everyday life, such as planning, problem solving and decision-making. Disturbances in such abilities are seen after frontal lobe damage as well as in a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions, ranging from drug addiction to Parkinson's disease, and can have a significant impact on autonomy and quality of life. Despite this broad clinical importance, the component processes underlying executive function and their neural substrates within the PFC are poorly understood. Recent advances in cognitive neuroscience provide the opportunity to develop a more detailed understanding of the component processes of executive function, and to relate these processes to particular sub-regions within the frontal lobes. This doctoral work examined the frontal lobe substrates of executive function in human participants with focal brain damage. The hypothesis of this thesis was that specific cognitive processes would be affected by damage to specific sub-regions within PFC. This hypothesis was tested by administering a set of tasks isolating specific cognitive processes to a large group of patients with lesions affecting various sectors of the frontal lobes. Individual findings from different tasks identified several specific structure-function relationships. These included novel findings regarding distinct roles of left lateral and dorsomedial PFC in n-back task performance, a role for ventromedial PFC in flexible stimulus-reinforcement learning, and separable contributions of left lateral and ventromedial PFC to facial emotion recognition. In addition to the findings from individual tasks, this work also identified shared and dissociable PFC contributions to performance of three classic tests of executive function hypothesized to measure distinct component processes. These findings validate behavioural measures of region-specific component processes that will be applicable to other conditions marked by executive dysfunction. This work provides converging evidence for component process accounts of executive function, and contributes to our understanding of human frontal lobe function in both health and disease.Le cortex préfrontal joue un rôle central dans la fonction exécutive quotidienne de haut niveau telles que la planification, la résolution de problème et la prise de décision. Ces aptitudes peuvent être perturbées lorsque les lobes frontaux sont endommagés, ou lorsque le patient est atteint de conditions comme la dépendance de drogue ou la maladie de Parkinson; la perturbation de ces aptitudes peut avoir d'importantes conséquences sur l'autonomie et la qualité de vie du patient. Bien que les dommages aux lobes frontaux aient des répercussions cliniques significatives, notre compréhension des processus sous-jacents et des substrats neuronaux de la fonction exécutive affectée demeure insatisfaisante. Les récents avancements en neurosciences cognitives nous ont permis de développer une compréhension beaucoup plus détaillée des fonctions exécutives et de leurs processus sous-jacents. Ils nous ont aussi permis de lier ces processus à des subdivisions spécifiques des lobes frontaux. Ce travail de doctorat examine les substrats neuronaux des fonctions exécutives frontales chez des sujets humains ayant subi des dommages localisés au cerveau. Cette thèse stipule que des dommages à certaines subdivisions spécifiques du cortex préfrontal mènent, à leur tour, au disfonctionnement de processus cognitifs spécifiques. Nous avons vérifié cette hypothèse en soumettant un large groupe de patients avec des lésions aux lobes frontaux à une série de tests cognitifs. Les résultats de ces expériences ont permis d'associer des processus cognitifs à des secteurs spécifiques des lobes frontaux, identifiant ainsi des relations entre structure et fonction dans les lobes frontaux. Celles-ci incluent les découvertes de rôles distincts pour les cortex préfrontal gauche latéral et dorsomédial dans la performance du n-back task, du rôle que joue le cortex préfrontal ventromédial dans l'apprentissage flexible du renforcement du stimulus, et des contributions différentielles du cortex préfrontal gauche latéral et ventromédial dans la reconnaissance des émotions faciales. Mis à part les découvertes des tests individuels, cet ensemble de travail a aussi identifié des contributions partagées et dissociables du cortex préfrontal à la performance des trois tests classiques de fonctions exécutives. Ces découvertes servent aussi à valider les tests utilisés comme des mesures comportementales des différentes composantes des fonctions exécutives régies par des subdivisions spécifiques des lobes frontaux. Ces mesures pourront ensuite s'appliquer aux autres conditions marquées par la dysfonction exécutive. Ce travail doctoral fournit des preuves convergentes pour un processus composant de fonction exécutive, et contribue à notre compréhension du fonctionnement normal et pathologique des lobes frontaux.
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Benini, Ruba Sayed. "GABAergic signalling in temporal lobe epilepsy." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111818.
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Earlier studies on temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), by focusing on the anatomical and electrophysiological abnormalities of the hippocampus, have attributed a major role to this limbic structure in the process of epileptogenesis and seizure generation. Recently however, there has been increasing evidence from both animal and human studies that other limbic structures, including the subiculum, the entorhinal cortex (EC, perirhinal cortex (PC) as well as the amygdala, are possibly involved in the process of epileptogenesis. With the help of both acute and chronic models of limbic seizures, I have used an electrophysiological approach to gain more insight into the mechanisms through which these structures could participate in the establishment of hyperexcitable neuronal networks. Particularly, my investigations have focused on assessing the role played by the subiculum, the amygdala and the PC in epileptiform synchronization in vitro. My findings demonstrate that seizure-induced cell damage in chronically epileptic mice results in a change in limbic network interactions whereby EC ictogenesis is sustained via a reverberant EC-subiculum pathway ( Chapter 1). Furthermore, I have discovered that the subiculum, which holds an anatomically strategic position within the hippocampus, is capable of gating hippocampul output activity via a GABAA-receptor mediated mechanism (Chapter 2). My investigations in the amygdala have confirmed that this limbic structure contributes to epileptiform synchronization (Chapter 3). Moreover, using a chronic rat model of TLE, I have found novel evidence suggesting that alterations in inhibitory mechanisms play a role in the increased excitability of the lateral amygdalar nucleus (Chapter 4). Finally, my studies in chronically epileptic rats have also led to preliminary data signifying hyperexcitability of the PC as well alterations in the interactions between the amygdala and this cortical structure (Chapter 5).
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Mason, Jean S. "The figure that love makes : a study of love and sexuality in the poetry of Robert Frost." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66249.
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Buturović, Amila 1963. "Love in the poetry of Ibn Quzmān." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63925.
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Rogers, Janine. "The woman's voice in Middle English love lyrics /." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69671.
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Courtly love lyrics, like other courtly genres, are dominated by male-voiced texts that privilege male perspectives. In conventional courtly love lyrics, women are silenced and objectified by the male speaker. Still, a handful of women-voiced lyrics--"women's songs"--exist in the courtly love lyrical tradition. This thesis studies women's songs in Middle English and their role in the androcentric courtly love tradition.In the first chapter, I discuss critical perspectives on conventional courtly representations of women. In the second chapter, I locate Middle English women's songs in literary contexts other than courtly love: the Middle English lyrical tradition, the cross-cultural phenomenon of medieval women's songs, and the manuscript contexts of Middle English women's songs. In Chapter Three, I discuss the individual songs themselves and examine the range of perspectives found in woman-voiced lyrics.
My discussion of Middle English women's songs includes texts not previously admitted to the genre. This expanded collection of women's songs creates an alternative courtly discourse privileging female perspectives. Middle English women's songs create a space for women's voices in courtly love.
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Collins, Joshua. "The concept of love in Saint Augustine's Confessions /." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99363.
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In the present study, through a close reading of the Confessions , the author explores the concept of love in Saint Augustine as it pertains to the two possibilities of man, being towards the creation and being towards the Creator. He distinguishes two kinds of love corresponding to each one of these possibilities, love of the world (cupiditas) and love of God (caritas), and proceeds to analyze these loves. The main argument of the thesis is that these loves disclose the world to man in two opposed manners. The author argues that cupiditas seeks to find satisfaction in the creation and discloses it as an end in itself, whereas caritas loves the world for the sake of God and discloses it as a means to attaining God.
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Shue, Karen L. "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the frontal lobe syndrome." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74239.
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The usefulness of frontal lobe (FL) dysfunction as a conceptual model for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was investigated. Twenty-four ADHD and 24 normal control (NC) children were tested using tasks sensitive to FL deficits in motor control and problem solving skills and memory tasks sensitive to temporal lobe (TL) dysfunction. ADHD children differed significantly from NCs on measures of FL function, but not on tests of TL functions. Wherever norms were available for normal children on the same FL tests, ADHD subjects performed like 6 to 7 year olds, in spite of their mean age of 10 years and minimum age of 8 years. The differential performance of ADHD children on tasks sensitive to FL and TL damage supports the conceptualization of ADHD deficits as analogous to FL dysfunction and implies that deficits are not explained by reference to generalized impairment.
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Kim, Hosung. "Advanced morphometry of mesiotemporal structures in temporal lobe epilepsy." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106418.
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Background. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common drug-resistant epilepsy. While TLE is associated with mesiotemporal atrophy on MRI, hippocampal volumes are normal in 30% of patients. There is also growing evidence that developmental anomalies altering mesitotemporal lobe morphology participate in the pathogenesis of this condition. Indeed, about 40% of TLE patients show atypical shape of the hippocampus and collateral sulcus, commonly referred to as malrotation. To date, morphometric analysis of such pathology in TLE has been limited to MR volumetry. Objective. The overall goal was to develop advanced morphometric methods to statistically model aspects of pathology that are not evident in measurement of total volume. We first developed surface-based techniques that independently quantify focal atrophy, positioning and sulcal variants, and investigated their clinical significance. We then evaluated the impact of these morphological features on the performance of state-of-the-art hippocampal segmentation algorithms. Lastly, we developed a novel automatic hippocampal segmentation method based on a multi-template approach that relies on statistical parametric surface models and locoregional texture features. Methods and Results. In simulation, Our surface-based Jacobian determinant analyses could disentangle local volume from positional changes by quantifying independently both characteristics. Our analysis showed that in TLE patients atrophy and positional changes co-occurred at the level of the posterior hippocampus. Compared to volumetry, our technique showed increased sensitivity by unveiling subtle mesiotemporal atrophy/hypertrophy in TLE, in particular ipsilateral hippocampal atrophy in patients with normal hippocampal volume (TLE-NV). A combined analysis of all three mesiotemporal surfaces correctly lateralized the seizure focus in 94% of patients with TLE-NV. Analysis of basal temporal sulcal morphology using 3D sulcal models revealed that significantly more TLE patients exhibit an unbroken long collateral sulcus relative to healthy subjects. Our correlation analysis revealed that developmental anomalies and atrophy negatively impacted on the automated segmentation performance in general. Finally, we developed a novel segmentation algorithm (SurfMulti) to statistically estimate vertex-wise locoregional texture and shape. To account for inter-subject variability, we used a multi-template library derived from a large database of controls and patients. Our proposed hippocampal segmentation technique achieved a level of accuracy in TLE patients virtually identical to healthy controls, with a Dice index of 86.1%. Such performance has not yet been paralleled in epilepsy. Furthermore, we achieved the same sensitivity as manual volumetry in detecting atrophy ipsilateral to the seizure focus. Significance. The analytical framework we developed is intended to substantially improve MRI analysis so that it can fulfill its role for surgical target localization and post-surgical outcome prediction, the two main challenges of contemporary epilepsy surgery. Our results show that a better understanding of mesiotemporal lobe pathology lies in the evaluation of various brain morphological characteristics. By statistically assessing aspects of mesiotemporal pathological variations across the spectrum of drug-resistant TLE, we showed the ability of advanced post-processing of anatomical MRI to unveil anomalies that are not identified using volumetric analysis. The developed techniques can be extended to assess structural changes in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders in which the temporal lobe is involved.Contexte. L'épilepsie du lobe temporal (ELT) est l'épilepsie pharmaco-résistante la plus commune chez l'adulte. Généralement associée à une atrophie temporo-mésiale visible par IRM, les volumes hippocampiques sont pourtant normaux dans 30% des cas d'ELT. De plus, il y a de plus en plus d'indices montrant que des anomalies du développement, qui altèrent la morphologie hippocampique et les motifs sulco-gyraux temporo-mésiaux, participent à la pathogénèse de cette épilepsie. En effet, 40% des ELT exhibent une forme et un positionnement atypiques de l'hippocampe et du sillon collatéral, effet communément appelé "malrotation". Jusqu'à présent, l'analyse morphométrique de la pathologie ELT du lobe mésiotemporal s'est limitée à de la volumétrie sur IRM. Objectifs. Le but général de cette thèse a été le développement de méthodes de morphométrie avancées qui permettront de modéliser statistiquement des aspects de la pathologie qui n'ont pas été évalués antérieurement par IRM, et qui n'apparaissent pas de manière évidente par des mesures de volume total. Nous avons tout d'abord développé des techniques surfaciques qui quantifient, indépendemment, des atrophies focales de petite étendue, des écarts de position ainsi que des variantes de formes de sillons, et nous avons étudié leur significativité clinique. Nous avons ensuite évalué quantitativement l'impact de ces caractéristiques morphologiques (l'atrophie et les anomalies développementales de forme et de position) sur la performance des algorithmes de segmentation de l'hippocampe les plus avancés du moment. Enfin, nous avons développé une nouvelle méthode de segmentation de l'hippocampe basée sur une approche de type "multi-templates" (modèles multiples), qui s'appuie sur des modèles statistiques paramétriques surfaciques et des caractéristiques locorégionales de textures. Méthodes. Nous avons réalisé les expériences suivantes: 1) Après avoir extrait les harmoniques sphériques combinées à des modèles de distribution de points (SPHARM-PDM) à partir de segmentations hippocampiques manuelles, nous avons calculé des vecteurs de déplacement entre les surfaces individuelles et le modèle. Nous avons alors calculé des déterminants jacobiens surfaciques (SJD, Surface-based Jacobian Determinants) à partir de ces vecteurs afin de localiser des changements de volume. Pour analyser les différences de position, nous avons construit un axe méridien médian (MEMAX), qui reprend les correspondances de points, contraintes par la forme, de SPHARM, et sur lequel les courbures locales et les vecteurs de positions sont calculés. Notre méthode a été validée sur des formes synthétiques. 2) A l'aide des métriques développées en (1), nous avons étudié les motifs de pathologie mésiotemporale chez les patients ELT, en effectuant des comparaisons de groupes, point à point, entre des patients atteints d'une atrophie hippocampique (TLE-HA), ceux dont le volume hippocampique est normal (TLE-NV), et des contrôles sains. De plus, nous avons évalué la capacité de notre modélisation de formes surfacique 3D à latéraliser le foyer épileptogène et à prédire l'issue de la chirurgie. 3) Les sillons corticaux ont été automatiquement extraits et identifiés à partir d'images IRM grâce à un modèle utilisant une assemblée de réseaux neuronaux artificels. Nous avons inspecté visuellement en 3D les arrangements sulcaux de la face inférieure du lobe temporal, et les avons décrits en quatre classes de motifs. 4) Nous avons segmenté l'hippocampe des sujets contrôle et des patients ELT en utilisant SACHA, un algorithme de croissance de région contraint par des a priori anatomiques, et FreeSurfer, un logiciel libre se basant sur un atlas. Pour quantifier les malrotations, des modèles 3D ont été créés à partir des segmentations manuelles d'hippocampes et des sillons collatéraux extraits automatiquement.
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Bernasconi-Ladbon, Neda. "MRI of the parahippocampal region in temporal lobe epilepsy." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85081.
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Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is among the most common chronic seizure disorders, accounting for approximately one-fourth of all cases of epilepsy. Although hippocampal sclerosis is the most common pattern of damage in TLE, there is electrophysiological and neuropathological evidence in both humans and animal models of this condition for the involvement of the parahippocampal region.In clinical practice, the investigation and treatment of patients with epilepsy has been revolutionized by the advent of MRI, which has been demonstrated to be a reliable and accurate indicator of pathologic findings underlying epilepsy. Advances in image acquisition and processing techniques combined with detailed descriptions of anatomy and cytoarchitectonic borders of parahippocampal structures on histologic sections have created the basis for precise determination of the boundaries of these cortical areas on MRI. This dissertation presents a series of MRI studies aimed at assessing volume changes in vivo of the parahippocampal region, and further elucidating its role in the pathogenesis of TLE.
To accomplish this we developed a standardized MRI protocol to measure the volume of the parahippocampal region structures in vivo. In agreement with previous neuropathological studies (Meencke and Veith, 1991), our results showed that damage to the mesial temporal lobe involves not only the hippocampus and the amygdala, but also the parahippocampal region structures in patients with intractable TLE. Within the parahippocampal region, the entorhinal cortex was the most affected structure. We observed that the atrophy was more severe in the anterior portion of the mesial temporal lobe involving mostly the hippocampal head and body as well as the EC. This pattern of atrophy, characterized by an antero-posterior gradient of pathology, may be explained by a disruption of entorhinal-hippocampal connections.
To evaluate the clinical role of entorhinal cortex volumetry we studied groups of TLE patients with hippocampal atrophy and those with normal hippocampal volumes as well as patients with extra-temporal lobe epilepsy.
Entorhinal cortex volumetry could provide correct lateralization of the seizure focus in 73% of TLE patients with hippocampal atrophy. Entorhinal cortex atrophy seems to be specific to TLE, since we found no atrophy in other forms of epilepsy, including frontal lobe and primary generalized epilepsy. We subsequently demonstrated that entorhinal cortex atrophy ipsilateral to the seizure focus can be the only MRI sign of mesial temporal damage in 64% of patients with normal hippocampal volumes.
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Bernhardt, Boris. "MRI - based cortical thickness analysis in temporal lobe epilepsy." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=96974.
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Background. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common drug-resistant epilepsy in adults. TLE is typically associated with mesiotemporal atrophy on MRI, but ample data suggests further structural damage in neocortical regions and the thalamus. However, the underlying pathogenesis and relevance of these changes are poorly understood.Purpose. Our overall goal was to analyze the topography and progression of neocortical thinning, its clinical relevance, and its relationship to patterns of connectivity in drug-resistant TLE using MRI-based cortical thickness measurements.Methods. We carried out the following experiments: 1. Mapping the extent of neocortical thinning and assessing its relationship to mesiotemporal pathology. 2. Mapping progressive cortical thinning in TLE through cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. 3. Assessing the clinical value of cortical thickness measurements in TLE by investigating their reproducibility and relationship to surgical outcome. 4. Assessing organizational disruptions in cortico-cortical networks in TLE through a graph-theoretical analysis of cortical thickness correlations. 5. Analyzing the relationship between cortical thinning and thalamo-cortical connectivity. Local patterns of thalamic changes were assessed using thalamic surface-shape analysis. 6. Analyzing the relationship between cortical thinning and disruptions of subcortical white matter quantified by diffusion tensor imaging tractography.Results. We observed marked and progressive cortical thinning in TLE in mainly temporo-limbic and fronto-central cortices. Patterns of thinning were reproducible across datasets and bootstrap simulations, and seen inpatients with and without hippocampal atrophy. The degree of fronto-central cortical thinning correlated to atrophy in medial thalamic divisions, as well as to microstructural derangements in underlying white matter tracts. In operated patients, local patterns of cortical thinning as well as patterns of large-scale disruptions in cortico-cortical network organization related to post-surgical seizure recurrence.Significance. TLE is associated with widespread cortical thinning and large-scale structural network disruptions, indicating a systemic nature of brain pathology in this disorder. Cortical thinning is progressive and correlates with the degree of pathology in thalamic divisions, likely indicating damage due to seizure spread from mesiotemporal to thalamo-cortical networks. Local cortical thickness measurements and data from cortical thickness correlation networks provided useful information for surgical outcome prediction, and may ultimately improve the presurgical assessment in individual TLE patients.Contexte. L'épilepsie du lobe temporal (ELT) est la forme la plus courante d'épilepsie pharmaco-résistante chez l'adulte. ELT est généralement associée à une atrophie mésiotemporale visible en IRM, mais de nombreuses données suggèrent l'existence de dommages structurels plus étendus dans des régions néocorticales et le thalamus. Cependant la pathogénèse sous-jacente et la pertinence de ces changements sont mal connus.Objectif. Notre but était d'analyser la topographie et la progression de l'amincissement néocortical, sa pertinence clinique et ses liens avec des profils de connectivité dans des cas de ELT pharmaco-résistantes, à l'aide de mesures d'épaisseur corticale basées sur l'IRM.Méthodes. Nous avons réalisé les expériences suivantes: 1. Cartographie de l'étendue de l'amincissement cortical et évaluation de ses liens avec des pathologies mésiotemporales. 2. Cartographie de la progression de l'amincissement cortical accompagnant ELT, par le biais d'analyses transversales et longitudinales. 3. Évaluation de la valeur clinique des mesures d'épaisseur corticale pour ELT, par l'étude de leur reproductibilité et leurs relations avec les résultats de chirurgie. 4. Évaluation des perturbations de l'organisation des réseaux cortico-corticaux chez des patients avec ELT, par une analyse de théorie des graphes des corrélations de l'épaisseur corticale. 5. Analyse des relations entre l'amincissement cortical et la connectivité thalamo-corticale. Les motifs locaux de modifications thalamiques ont été évalués à l'aide d'une analyse de formes de la surface du thalamus. 6. Analyse des liens entre l'amincissement cortical et les perturbations de la matière blanche sous-corticale, quantifiés par des techniques de tractographie à partir d'images du tenseur de diffusion.Résultats. Nous avons observé un amincissement progressif marqué dans ELT, principalement dans le cortex temporo-limbique et fronto-central. Les motifs d'amincissement étaient reproductibles à travers des jeux de données et des simulations "bootstrap", et observés chez des patients présentant ou non une atrophie hippocampique. Le degré d'amincissement du cortex fronto-central corrélait à l'atrophie des divisions thalamiques médiales, aussi bien qu'aux perturbations de la microstructure des faisceaux de la matière blanche. Chez les patients opérés, les motifs locaux de l'amincissement cortical, tout comme les perturbations à grande échelle de l'organisation des réseaux cortico-corticaux, étaient en rapport avec la récidive post-opératoire des crises d'épilepsies.Significativité. ELT est associée à un amincissement cortical général et à des perturbations à grande échelle des réseaux structurels, suggérant la nature systémique de la pathologie cérébrale. L'amincissement cortical est progressif et corrèle au degré de pathologie des divisions thalamiques, ce qui indique des dommages probablement dus à la propagation des crises d'épilepsie des réseaux mésiotemporaux aux réseaux thalamo-corticaux. Les mesures locales de l'épaisseur corticale, ainsi que les données provenant des réseaux de corrélation d'épaisseur corticale, ont apporté des informations utiles à la prédiction des résultats chirurgicaux, et pourraient contribuer à améliorer l'évaluation pré-chirurgicale des patients atteints de ELT.
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Crane, Joelle. "Right medial temporal-lobe contribution to object-location memory." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36571.
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This thesis includes several studies investigating the right medial temporal-lobe contribution to memory for the location of objects in an array. Three arrays of toy objects were constructed and shown to be comparable in difficulty on the basis of tests with undergraduate students. These arrays were then employed as the test material for examining memory with tasks of immediate or delayed recall within a single trial, in addition to learning-to-criterion across multiple trials. Normal control subjects and patients with unilateral resection from the anterior temporal lobe were tested. The patients had undergone either selective amygdalo-hippocampectomy or anterior temporal lobectomy that either spared or largely invaded the hippocampal formation. The only groups showing impairment were those with large resections from the right hippocampal region; this deficit was noted on immediate recall, delayed recall, and incremental learning of the spatial arrays. In 75 of the patients tested, postoperative magnetic resonance scans were used to measure the extent of tissue remaining in the medial temporal-lobe structures; from multiple regression analyses, the extent of right hippocampus remaining was found to be the best predictor of array-learning performance. The notion that the hippocampus encodes spatial information in a map-like or allocentric manner (O'Keefe and Nadel, 1978) was explored by requiring normal control subjects and patients with unilateral temporal-lobe lesions to reconstruct the spatial arrays from a vantage-point other than that from which they had previously viewed the arrays. Contrary to prediction, the allocentric manipulation failed, in general, to elicit any additional impairment. Taken together, the results indicate that damage limited to the medial-temporal region in the right hemisphere is sufficient to disrupt memory for the location of objects. Within this region, the hippocampus appears to be the most critical structure for building, over suc
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Garr, Anna. "Frontal lobe contributions to framing effects in decision- making." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119679.
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People often make markedly different choices depending on the context in which options are presented, even when the objective values of the options are identical. This irrational choice phenomenon is termed the framing effect. For example, people tend to take more risks when the potential for a loss is emphasized, but choose the certain outcome more often when the same decision is framed in terms of potential gains. A recent fMRI study proposed that the framing effect is modulated by an interaction between the amygdala and ventromedial frontal lobes (VMF). Here we asked whether VMF damage alters the framing effect, measured using several widely used risky and attribute framing tasks, including the classic "Asian-Disease Problem", a multi-trial risky decision paradigm with monetary losses and gains, and scenarios where attributes of decision options are framed in positive or negative terms. Thirteen patients with chronic focal damage affecting the VMF were compared to 13 patients with frontal damage sparing the VMF and 28 demographically-matched healthy participants. VMF damage did not systematically alter the magnitude of the framing effect in any of these tasks. However, patients with VMF damage were somewhat more likely to make aberrant choices in trials with objectively better options compared to controls. This supports the role of the VMF in the comparison of option values, but suggests that the setting of the decision 'frame' is a distinct process that does not rely on the VMF. Instead, the framing effect may be the result of simplifying heuristics, or decision 'short cuts'. These results highlight the likely existence of multiple decision mechanisms within the human brain.Les individus font souvent des choix visiblement différents en fonction du contexte dans lequel les options sont présentées, même lorsque les valeurs objectives de ces options sont identiques. Ce phénomène de choix irrationnel a été nommé effet de cadrage. Par exemple, les individus ont tendance à prendre plus de risque lorsque l'emphase est mise sur la possibilité d'échec, mais ont plus tendance à choisir le résultat garanti lorsque les mêmes options sont présentées en termes de profits potentiels. Une récente étude fIRM propose que l'effet de cadrage est modulé par une intéraction entre l'amygdale et le cortex préfrontal ventromédian (VM). À ce stade, nous nous sommes demandés si des lésions au VM ont une influence sur l'effet de cadrage à l'aide de différentes tâches expérimentales évaluant sois le cadrage par risque ou celui par attribut. Nos tâches utilisées incluent la célèbre étude expérimentale « Asian Disease », des essais multiples sur les décisions risquées avec pertes et gains monétaires, et des scénarios où les choix sont formulés en termes positifs ou négatifs. Treize patients avec lésions focales affectant le VM ont été comparés à 13 patients présentant les lésions préfrontales qui épargnent le VM ainsi qu'à un échantillon de 28 participants normaux. Nos résultats démontrent que les dommages au VM n'altèrent pas de façon systématique l'ampleur de l'effet de cadrage dans aucune de ces tâches. Cependant, comparés aux deux autres groups, les patients ayant des lésions au cortex ventromédian étaient plus enclins à faire des choix aberrants lors d'essais où leurs alternatives étaient meilleures. Ceci met en évidence le rôle du VM dans l'évaluation des choix, mais suggère que la mise en place d'un cadre décisionnel est un processus distinct qui ne dépend pas du VM. Au contraire, l'effet de cadrage pourrait être l'aboutissement d'heuristiques. Ces résultats suggèrent l'existence probable de mécanismes multiples dans le cerveau participant à la prise de décisions.
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Duchesne, Simon. "Computer aided diagnosis in temporal lobe epilepsy and Alzheimer's dementia." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100354.
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Computer aided diagnosis within neuroimaging must rely on advanced image processing techniques to detect and quantify subtle signal changes that may be surrogate indicators of disease state. This thesis proposes two such novel methodologies that are both based on large volumes of interest, are data driven, and use cross-sectional scans: appearance-based classification (ABC) and voxel-based classification (VBC).The concept of appearance in ABC represents the union of intensity and shape information extracted from magnetic resonance images (MRI). The classification method relies on a linear modeling of appearance features via principal components analysis, and comparison of the distribution of projection coordinates for the populations under study within a reference multidimensional appearance eigenspace. Classification is achieved using forward, stepwise linear discriminant analyses, in multiple cross-validated trials. In this work, the ABC methodology is shown to accurately lateralize the seizure focus in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), differentiate normal aging individuals from patients with either Alzheimer's dementia (AD) or Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and finally predict the progression of MCI patients to AD. These applications demonstrated that the ABC technique is robust to different signal changes due to two distinct pathologies, to low resolution data and motion artifacts, and to possible differences inherent to multi-site acquisition.
The VBC technique relies on voxel-based morphometry to identify regions of grey and white matter concentration differences between co-registered cohorts of individuals, and then on linear modeling of variables extracted from these regions. Classification is achieved using linear discriminant analyses within a multivariate space composed of voxel-based morphometry measures related to grey and white matter concentration, along with clinical variables of interest. VBC is shown to increase the accuracy of prediction of one-year clinical status from three to four out of five TLE patients having undergone selective amygdalo-hippocampectomy. These two techniques are shown to have the necessary potential to solve current problems in neurological research, assist clinical physicians with their decision-making process and influence positively patient management.
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Ricosset, Thomas. "Signature électronique basée sur les réseaux euclidiens et échantillonnage selon une loi normale discrète." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018INPT0106/document.
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La cryptographie à base de réseaux euclidiens a généré un vif intérêt durant les deux dernièresdécennies grâce à des propriétés intéressantes, incluant une conjecture de résistance àl’ordinateur quantique, de fortes garanties de sécurité provenant d’hypothèses de difficulté sur lepire cas et la construction de schémas de chiffrement pleinement homomorphes. Cela dit, bienqu’elle soit cruciale à bon nombre de schémas à base de réseaux euclidiens, la génération debruit gaussien reste peu étudiée et continue de limiter l’efficacité de cette cryptographie nouvelle.Cette thèse s’attelle dans un premier temps à améliorer l’efficacité des générateurs de bruitgaussien pour les signatures hache-puis-signe à base de réseaux euclidiens. Nous proposons unnouvel algorithme non-centré, avec un compromis temps-mémoire flexible, aussi rapide que savariante centrée pour des tables pré-calculées de tailles acceptables en pratique. Nousemployons également la divergence de Rényi afin de réduire la précision nécessaire à la doubleprécision standard. Notre second propos tient à construire Falcon, un nouveau schéma designature hache-puis-signe, basé sur la méthode théorique de Gentry, Peikert et Vaikuntanathanpour les signatures à base de réseaux euclidiens. Nous instancions cette méthode sur les réseauxNTRU avec un nouvel algorithme de génération de trappesLattice-based cryptography has generated considerable interest in the last two decades due toattractive features, including conjectured security against quantum attacks, strong securityguarantees from worst-case hardness assumptions and constructions of fully homomorphicencryption schemes. On the other hand, even though it is a crucial part of many lattice-basedschemes, Gaussian sampling is still lagging and continues to limit the effectiveness of this newcryptography. The first goal of this thesis is to improve the efficiency of Gaussian sampling forlattice-based hash-and-sign signature schemes. We propose a non-centered algorithm, with aflexible time-memory tradeoff, as fast as its centered variant for practicable size of precomputedtables. We also use the Rényi divergence to bound the precision requirement to the standarddouble precision. Our second objective is to construct Falcon, a new hash-and-sign signaturescheme, based on the theoretical framework of Gentry, Peikert and Vaikuntanathan for latticebasedsignatures. We instantiate that framework over NTRU lattices with a new trapdoor sampler
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Borys, Stephen Donald. "Fragonard and the garden setting : the Progress of love at Louveciennes." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28423.
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Fragonard's Progress of Love is among the most impressive decorative commissions of the eighteenth century, and this despite its sudden cancellation by Madame du Barry. Called upon to produce a series of panels for her pavillon at Louveciennes (designed by Claude-Nicolas Ledoux), Fragonard succeeded in uniting the gardens of the Villa d'Este with the landscape at Louveciennes. Recapturing the essence of villeggiatura and the vistas first experienced during his stay in Tivoli, Fragonard initiated an interplay of the real and painted setting. The Progress of Love became an escape, enticing Du Barry and her lover with its sensuous verdure. But reality destroyed all illusion, and Fragonard's fortune went the way of Du Barry's romance. Forced to choose between the tell-tale Progress of Love and an innocuous though fashionable replacement by Joseph-Marie Vien, Du Barry opted for propriety in her maison de plaisance. Years before, when spurned by Louis XV, Madame de Pompadour resorted to the iconography of friendship. Du Barry, facing a more serious predicament, drew upon the same iconography. However, even with l'amour et l'amitie ensconced in the last panel of the Progress of Love, fate ultimately displaced Fragonard's lovers at Louveciennes.
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Mukherjee, Manisha. "The representation of transgressive love and marriage in English Renaissance drama /." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42103.
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This study explores the presentation of transgressive, effective and erotic relationships in a selected group of early modern plays as those relationships relate to the English Renaissance ideal of marriage and sexuality expressed in religious and secular tracts. The depictions of illicit love and sexuality in these plays reveal problematic social and moral issues inherent in the construction of the English Renaissance ideal of love and marriage. Not only do the dramatists reveal the tension between transgressive and normative love and sexuality, but they do so through the use of aesthetic forms that transgress conventional dramatic structure. This dissertation contends that the unconventional dramatic representation of transgression functions as a cognitive mode for the audience in their understanding of the practical social reality associated with the abstract ideality of love and marriage. Focussing on a selected plays of English Renaissance dramatists William Shakespeare, Thomas Middleton, Francis Beaumont, John Fletcher, Thomas Heywood, John Ford, and two anonymous playwrights, I suggest that the dramatists refuse to condemn or condone the transgression. Rather, they endow it with meaning, and while not rescinding the ideal love and sexuality, offer possible ways of accommodating it.
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Beaumier, Jean-François. "L'application extraterritoriale des lois nationales incorporant des normes internationales du travail." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80910.
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Globalization has favoured a new type of business: Multinational Enterprises (MNE). MNE distinguish themselves from national businesses in the sense that they continue to be governed, in their relationship with their employees, by the national law where they operate. This contradictory dualism is the source of great tensions and uncertainties with regard to the future of national and international labour law standards. In a first part of this thesis, we study the International Labour Organization (ILO), which is the international body competent to adopt international standards and apply them. In the second part, we examine the phenomenon of national labour laws extraterritoriality and its manifestation in some jurisdictions. Finally, we explore the justifications put forward for the extraterritorial application of national laws, in particular when these national laws incorporate "fundamental" international labour standards.
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Incisa, della Rocchetta Antonio. "Encoding and retrieval : effects of unilateral frontal- or temporal-lobe excisions." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74584.
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In Part I of this thesis, recognition of natural scenes was tested in 72 patients with unilateral frontal- or temporal-lobe excisions and 32 normal control subjects (NC). The occurrence of a novel scene in the midst of a series of other scenes normally induces forgetting of the scene that had preceded the novel one. This phenomenon was not observed following right frontal- and right temporal-lobe lesions, and was only partially present after left temporal-lobe excisions that included the hippocampus (LTH). These brain regions were thus seen as part of a circuit that codes novel stimuli. In Part 2, recall of lists of words was examined in 77 patients and 12 normal control subjects. Both the left frontal-lobe (LF) and LTH groups recalled fewer words overall than the other groups; their performance was normal, however, when the words were pre-organized into categories and when category labels were supplied during test. In another experiment it was demonstrated that the LF group was impaired when category exemplars were provided together with the category labels, the LTH group being unaffected in this condition. It was concluded that left frontal-lobe lesions may affect retrieval mechanisms.
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Lizotte, Dominique. "La rédaction des lois en droit civil et en common law /." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60543.
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After having considered the linguistic aspects of legislative drafting, this study undertakes to summarize its main characteristics in Civil Law (mainly in French Civil Law countries) and Common Law. The concept of law, the perception of statutory materials in the two legal systems, as well as the drafting techniques and style in the two systems are analysed in a comparative way. The same matters are examined in the Canadian context, especially at the levels of the federal and Quebec governments. This study of statutory drafting in France (Belgium and Switzerland), England and Canada also aims at stressing the Canadian approach both in Civil and Common Law.
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Kulaga-Yoskovitz, Jessie. "Hippocampal subfield segmentation on sub-millimetric MRI in temporal lobe epilepsy." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119544.
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Background Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common drug-resistant epilepsy in adults. Hippocampal sclerosis, the hallmark epileptogenic lesion of TLE, is characterized by neuronal loss and gliosis. The hippocampus is composed of cytoarchitechtonically distinct subfields which are differentially affected in TLE. Indeed, neuronal loss is observed primarily in the CA1 and to a lesser degree in the subiculum, CA3, CA4 and dentate gyrus. Purpose. Our goal was to develop an anatomy-driven manual hippocampal subfield segmentation protocol on sub-millimetric MRI. We applied this protocol to TLE patients and controls to assess group-wise and individual differences in subfield volumes. Methods. We obtained T1-weighted (0.6 x 0.6 x 0.6 mm3) and T2-weighted (0.4 x 0.4 x 2 mm3) images in 30 consecutive patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and 25 controls on a 3T-scanner with 32-channel head-coil. Images were registered into stereotaxic space to adjust for differences in brain volume and orientation. T1- and T2-weighted images were then co-registered and resampled into 0.4 mm isotropic voxels. The hippocampus was partitioned into subiculum, CA1-3, and CA4-dentate. Results. Compared to controls (2SD cut-off) in 14/30 (47%) TLE patients we found ipsilateral atrophy: 7/14 (50%) had atrophy in all three subfields, 4 (29%) in the CA1-3 and subiculum, whereas 3 (21%) had isolated CA1-3 atrophy. 10/30 (33%) of patients demonstrated hypertrophy in at least one subfield: in 4/10 changes were ipsilateral to the focus, either in the subiculum alone (1), or combined with CA1-CA3 (1), CA4-DG (1), or in CA1-CA3 and CA4-DG (1). In 6/10 patients, we observed bilateral hypertrophy in the subiculum (1), CA1-3 (1), CA4-DG (3), and combined CA1-3 and CA4-DG (1). Six patients demonstrate subfield volumes within the normal range. Significance. In our cohort of patients with drug-resistant TLE and unilateral hippocampal atrophy, subicular and hippocampal subfield atrophy, mainly CA1-3, co-occurred. Conversely, in 33% of patients, sub-millimetric MRI revealed hippocampal subfield hypertrophy, mainly affecting CA4-DG. Timing and interplay between structural pathology and remodelling of neuronal circuitry may favour astrogliotic response and neurogenesis, masking neuronal loss, thus resulting in MRI-apparent tissue hypertrophy.Introduction. L'épilepsie du lobe temporal (ELT) est la forme d'épilepsie pharmacorésistante la plus répandue dans la population adulte. La sclérose de l'hippocampe, la lésion épileptogène de l'ELT, est caractérisée par la perte de neurones et la gliose. L'hippocampe est composé des sous-structures qui sont cytoarchitectoniquement distinctes et sont affectées différemment par l'ELT. En effet, la perte de neurones est observée principalement dans la sous-structure CA1 et moins dans le subiculum, la CA3, la CA4 et le gyrus denté (GD). Objectif. Notre objectif était de développer un protocole pour la segmentation manuelle des sous-structures sur les images IRM sous-millimétriques. Nous avons appliqué ce protocole aux patients ayant l'ELT ainsi qu'à un groupe témoin sains pour évaluer les différences entre les groupes et les différences individuelles des volumes des sous-structures. Methodes. Nous avons obtenu des images pondérées en T1 (0.6 x 0.6 x 0.6 mm3) et en T2 (0.4 x 0.4 x 2 mm3) pour 30 patients consécutifs ayant l'ETL pharmacorésistante et pour 25 témoins sur un scanner 3T avec 32 antennes en réseau phasé. Les images ont été recalées dans l'espace stéréotaxique pour éliminer les différences de volume et d'orientation du cerveau. Les images pondérées en T1 et en T2 ont ensuite été co-recalées et ré-échantillonnées en voxels isotropes de 0.4 mm. L'hippocampe a été divisé en subiculum, CA1-3 et CA4-gyrus denté. Resultats. En comparaison avec le groupe témoin (seuil de 2 écarts-types), nous avons trouvé une atrophie ipsilaterale chez 14 patients sur 30 (47%). Sur ces 14 patients, 7 (50%) présentaient une atrophie des trois sous-structures, 4 (29%) de la CA1-3 et du subiculum, et 3 (21%) de la CA1-3 seulement. Dix des 30 (33%) patients ont montré une hypertrophie dans au moins une sous-structure. Parmi ces 10 patients, 4 ont montré des modifications ipsilateral, que ce soit dans le subiculum seul (1), ou combinées avec la CA1-3 (1), le CA4-GD (1) ou dans la CA1-CA3 et le CA4-GD (1). Pour les 6 autres patients, nous avons observé une hypertrophie bilatérale dans le subiculum (1), la CA1-3 (1), le CA4-GD (1), et à la fois dans le CA1-3 et le CA4-GD (1). Six patients présentaient des volumes de sous-structures équivalents à la distribution normale du groupe témoin. Conclusion. Dans notre cohorte de patients ayant l'ELT pharmacorésistante et l'atrophie de l'hippocampe unilatérale, l'atrophie du subiculum et des sous-structures de l'hippocampe, principalement le CA1-3, est survenue simultanément. D'autre part, l'IRM sous-millimétrique a révélé une hypertrophie des sous-régions pour 33% des patients, affectant principalement le CA4-GD. L'interaction entre la pathologie structurelle et le remodelage des circuits neuronaux peut favoriser une réponse astrogliotique avec une neurogenèse qui masque la perte de neurones, ce qui entraine une hypertrophie des tissus sur l'IRM.
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Hu, Shiyan. "Automatic image analysis and structure segmentation for brain medial temporal lobe." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119386.
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In this thesis, two new automatic image segmentation techniques are proposed and used to analyze medical magnetic resonance (MR) images of human brain medial temporal lobes. The first segmentation technique is an adaptive multi-contrast MR image based appearance modeling scheme, which combines level set and active appearance modeling methods and incorporates multi-contrast MR images, into segmentation. The contribution of each multi-contrast image to the segmentation is established by the correlation between each multi-contrast test gray image and its corresponding synthesized gray image. The latter is a linear combination of gray eigen-images characterized by principle component analysis as a result of converting a set of possibly correlated shape training images and multi-contrast gray training images into a set of linearly uncorrelated shape and multi-contrast gray eigen-images. Both the contributing weights and the linear combination model parameters are iteratively updated to minimize a weighted sum of least-square intensity differences between test image and synthesized image. The resulting model parameters are then used to linearly combine the shape related eigen-images to form a synthesized shape image as a final segmentation. In segmenting the hippocampi and amygdalae from MR images, this segmentation scheme with adaptive contributing weights is shown to provide better performance as measured by mean Dice κ values than its counterpart with equal contributing weights. The second segmentation technique is a two-stage segmentation approach, motivated by a concept of using local patches with similar intensity levels to make a collective decision so as to more accurately segment the structure boundary. In the two-stage segmentation, an appearance model-based global segmentation is employed as a first-stage segmentation to identify a coarse contour, while a patch-based local refinement is used as a second stage segmentation to make a local area correction, but only on a small set of voxels along the coarse contour identified earlier. In this thesis, the first stage segmentation uses only T1 images instead of multi-contrast images to avoid an increase in computational complexity. It is shown that the two-stage segmentation outperforms its one-stage counterpart in segmenting MR images of the human brain medial temporal lobe structures, including the hippocampus (HC), the amygdala (AG), the entorhinal/perirhinal cortex (EPC), and the parahippocampal cortex (PHC). Medial temporal lobe volumes, estimated by applying the two-stage segmentation on an MR database of 306 subjects with healthy brain development across a 4 to 18 year age range, are further analyzed and sex-specific growth patterns are derivedto help better understand puberty-related and sexually dimorphic brain maturation. Sexual-maturity level, measured by puberty scores, is used to partition the database into two groups: before and during puberty. The structure volumes for boys are largerthan those for girls but the difference varies between the AG, HC, EPC, and PHC. Age-related volumetric growth is observed in the left and right AG, left and right HC, right EPC, and left PHC and these volumetric changes are statistically significant, but only before puberty. After onset of puberty, volumetric growth tends to correlate with sexual maturity level. When evaluated with head size normalized volumes, we find smaller volumes of the right HC, left and right PHC, for more sexually matureboys, and larger volumes of the left HC for more sexually mature girls. These findings suggest that the rising levels of testosterone in boys and estrogen in girls might have opposite effects, especially for the HC and the PHC. Our findings on sex-specific and sexual maturity-related volumes may be useful in better understanding the medial temporal lobe developmental differences and related learning, memory, and emotion differences between boys and girls during puberty.Dans ce travail de thèse, deux nouvelles méthodes de segmentation automatique d'Image par Résonance Magnétique (IRM) sont proposées. Ces deux méthodes sont appliquées et validées dans le cadre de la segmentation des structures du lobe medio temporal du cerveau humain. La première méthode de segmentation proposée repose sur un modèle d'apparence de forme adaptatif utilisant simultanément plusieurs séquences d'IRM. Cette méthode combine des ensembles de niveaux et une modélisation d'apparence de formes actives tout en incorporant l'information issue de différents contrastes en IRM. L'importance de chaque séquence IRM est estimée automatiquement au sein d'un schéma adaptatif en utilisant la corrélation des différents contrastes avec les images synthétisées correspondantes. Ces images synthétisées sont construites par combinaison linéaire des images propres obtenues par Analyse en Composante Principale (ACP). Les paramètres du model de forme ainsi que les poids attribués à chaque contraste sont ensuite estimés itérativement via une minimisation pondérée des moindres carrés entre l'image test et l'image synthétisée. Finalement, les paramètres obtenus sont utilisés pour combiner les formes propres afin d'obtenir la segmentation finale. La méthode proposée est validée dans le contexte de la segmentation de deux structures cérébrales: l'hippocampe et l'amygdale. Lors de cette validation, l'amélioration de la qualité de segmentation apportée pour le schéma adaptatif, comparé à utilisation de poids identiques pour chaque contraste, est étudiée en utilisant l'index Kappa comme mesure de qualité. La deuxième méthode de segmentation proposée combine deux étapes: une initialisation globale par un modèle d'apparence de forme puis un raffinement local utilisant une approche par patches. Cette seconde étape tire avantage des performancesdes méthodes de type moyennes non locales qui estiment la similarité de deux échantillons en calculant la distance de niveau de gris de leur voisinage sous forme de patches. Dans l'approche proposée, le modèle d'apparence est destiné à obtenir rapidement une première estimation de la segmentation utilisée comme initialisation. Ensuite, le raffinement local par patches est appliqué uniquement sur un petit ensemble de voxels le long des bords de la segmentation initiale. Une validation est effectuée sur plusieurs structures du lobe medio temporal. Cette validation démontre l'intérêt de combiner les deux étapes décrites comparé à l'utilisation non conjointe de chacune des méthodes. Une étude volumétrique des structures du lobe medio temporale est menée à l'aide de la seconde méthode sur 306 sujets sains âgés de 4 à 18 ans. L'influence du sexe des sujets sur la croissance des structures est étudiée afin de permettre une meilleure compréhension des différences de maturation cérébrale et des phénomènes liés à la puberté. Le niveau de maturité sexuelle, mesuré à l'aide du score de la puberté, est utilisé afin de séparer la base de données en deux groupes: avant et pendant la puberté. Des changements liés à l'âge sont observés pour l'AG droite et gauche, l'HC droit et gauche, le CEP droit and le CPHC gauche. Ces changements sont statistiquement significatifs mais seulement avant la puberté. Pendant la puberté, l'augmentation du volume tend à être corrélé avec le niveau de maturité sexuel. En utilisant les volumes normalisés par la taille de la tête, des volumes plus faibles de l'HC droit et du CPHC droit et gauche sont observé pour les garçons les plus matures sexuellement et des volumes plus grands pour l'HC gauche sont obtenus pour les filles les plus matures sexuellement. Ces résultats sur la croissance des structures du lobe medio temporal selon le sexe et la maturité peuvent participer à l'amélioration de notre compréhension des différences observées entre le filles et le garçons durant la puberté au niveau de l'apprentissage, de la mémoire et des émotions.
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Peters, Julie Claire. ""No one's free who isn't free to love": love and history across Canadian boundaries in George Elliot Clarke's «Beatrice Chancy» and «Québécité: A Jazz Fantasia in Three Cantos»." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21924.
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Abstract George Elliott Clarke's 1999 opera Beatrice Chancy is the story of the daughter of a slave owner and a slave in Nova Scotia in 1801. It addresses Canada's ignorance about its history of slavery from 1689-1834. The play shows how love becomes perverted in a society in which bodies can be owned, to the point that the landscape becomes "transfigured by unfulfilled love" (143). Québécité, on the other hand, is an opera about two interracial couples getting married in contemporary Quebec City. It is Clarke's utopia and Beatrice's dream: a world where love is possible across any historical or cultural boundaries. This utopia, informed by Canada's policy of multiculturalism, is problematic, especially in terms of its engagement with Québec's own cultural and historical issues. As performances, however, both plays invite an inclusive community of Canadians to discuss the issues raised, even if they cannot yet be solved.Précis Beatrice Chancy (1999), l'opéra par George Elliott Clarke, est l'histoire de la fille d'une esclave Noire et de son maître Blanc dans la Nouvelle Ecosse de 1801. Adressant l'ignorance qu'ont plusieurs Canadiens de l'esclavage pratiquée au Canada entre 1689 et 1834, la pièce démontre comment se pervertit l'amour dans une société où un corps peut être une commodité. Québécité (2003), d'autre part, met en scène deux couples de races mixtes qui se marient dans la Ville de Québec contemporaine. L'histoire est également l'utopie de Clarke et le rêve de Beatrice: une monde où l'amour est possible à travers toutes frontières historiques et culturelles. Cette utopie tant informée par l'éthique multi-culturelle Canadienne est très problématique, spécialement mise en vue de son engagement avec la dynamique culturelle et historique du Québec au sein du Canada. À travers leurs manifestations dramatiques, les deux pièces invitent une communauté inclusive de Canadiens à discuter les problèmes abordés, sans exiger leur résolution.
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Doyon, Julien. "Right temporal-lobe contribution to global visual processing and visual-cue learning." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75696.
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This thesis explores the visual functions of the right anterior temporal cortex of the human brain. In Part 1, 92 patients with unilateral temporal- or frontal-lobe excisions and 35 normal control subjects were tested under two experimental conditions (global, local) of a reaction-time task, employing hierarchically structured letters or designs as stimuli. In both versions, the right temporal-lobe group was less affected than other groups by interference from the global aspect of the stimulus. These findings support the hypothesis that the right temporal lobe contributes to global visual processing. In Part 2, the ability to learn a cue-system for discriminating between two targets against a background of visually similar items was examined in 107 patients with unilateral temporal- or frontal-lobe excisions and 37 control subjects, using three versions of a visual-cue learning task. With letters and nonsense syllables, all groups took longer to complete the task when the background information was changed after three learning trials. With abstract designs, only patients with right temporal-lobe lesions failed to show this interference effect after three learning trials, but did so after six. Hence, it is argued that the right temporal lobe plays a role in visual pattern-discrimination learning.
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Sowley, Katherine Ilsley. "The Lady and the unicorn : the iconography of love in a series of fifteenth-century tapestries." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21266.
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The corpus of literature on the Lady and The Unicorn tapestries has most often focussed on technical/stylistic aspects or attempted to explain the iconography of this work with little definitive consensus in either domain. An informative element in the history of this problematic work is the patron, who played a primordial role in the artistic process of the late Middle Ages. Although the patron of our subject has been identified as Jean LeViste and his personal and family history is relatively well-documented, few attempts have been made to place this work in the context of his reality. An investigation of the figure and his milieu will certainly benefit our understanding of the themes of heraldic display and courtly love that are most often proposed to interpret our work. The patron's situation will bring us to a new level of interpretation in this work---the glorification of women---which, like the other themes represented throughout this series, served the interests of the patron and reflected his reality.
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De, Guzman Philip Henry. "Enhanced limbic network excitation in the pilocarpine animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103376.
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Through the use of chronic experimental animal models, the majority of in vitro investigations of temporal lobe epilepsy have demonstrated enhanced network activity within the subdivisions of the hippocampal formation. However, clinical evidence in combination with in vivo and in vitro studies indicates that structures external to the hippocampus contribute to the genesis of seizure activity. To address the effects of limbic network excitation, I have utilized combined hippocampal---entorhinal cortex brain slices from pilocarpine-treated rats that display chronic seizures.My investigations have focused upon three structures, the subiculum, entorhinal cortex and the insular cortex. The experiments in the pilocarpine-treated subiculum demonstrated increased network excitability that was attributed to a more positive GABAA receptor mediated inhibitory post-synaptic potential (IPSP) reversal point coupled with a reduced IPSP peak conductance. Utilizing RT-PCR analysis and immunohistochemical staining we observed a decline in K+-Cl- cotransporter mRNA expression and a reduced number of parvalbumin-positive, presumptive inhibitory interneurons. My second project assessed the network hyperexcitability in layer V of the lateral entorhinal cortex. This is the first study to report spontaneous bursting, in the absence of epileptogenic agents, in the epileptic entorhinal cortex. We attributed this level of network excitation to reduced GABAA receptor mediated inhibition and increased synaptic sprouting. In the final project, we extended our slice preparation to include the insular cortex, a structure external to the temporal lobe. Our investigations identified a mechanism of NMDA receptor dependent synaptic bursting that masked GABA A receptor mediated conductances.
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Papineau, Joane. "Le recit amoureux feminin actuel ; suivi de Si tes rèves m'étaient contes." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22613.
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This masters thesis in creative writing is comprised of two sections, a critical review of contemporary love stories written by women in the narrative mode and a novel entitled Si tes reves m'etaient contes.In our study of Le recit amoureux feminin actuel, we attempt to explain women's preference for the narrative mode, to describe the new vocabulary of love and highlight its specific meaning and style. How do women write about love, how do they portray men, what have become their amorous preoccupations in the recent years?
Si tes reves m'etaient contes is the story of Catherine who, fast approaching her forties, reflects upon her life and her marriage. She is forced to conclude that her husband, whom she thought she knew so intimately, is no longer the man she married. He has become a stranger to her.
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Gallaher, Brandon. "That we might love him the more : an Irenaean theodicy built on Christ crucified." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32910.
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[B]ut when He became incarnate, and was made man, He recapitulated in Himself the long history of human beings, and furnished us, in brief, with salvation (Irenaeus of Lyons. Against Heresies [= AH] III.xviii.1).This thesis attempts to clarify the mystery of evil through an analysis and contemporary restatement of Irenaeus of Lyons' theology interpreted as a 'Christocentric theodicy.' 'Theodicy' is here defined as God's response in the Gospel of Jesus Christ to suffering and the theological interpretation of that response. The response begins and ends with the cross as proclaimed in the Eucharist, that is, with God's own self-offering. It is argued that God allows suffering because He knows that only by the thankful union of our fallen knowledge of sin and death with the offering of Christ can we attain to a knowledge of eternal life: our adoption by the Father. Put otherwise, God's love for creation, and, therefore, His nature as a good and just Being, can be seen in the economy of salvation where evil is allowed to exist so that it might be transformed into good. The Introduction states the primary assumptions and limitations of the thesis' argument. Part I examines Irenaeus' Christocentric theology with particular emphasis on his understanding of the economy of salvation. Part II, building upon Part I, argues for a contemporary 'economic' or 'Christocentric' theodicy. The Conclusion recapitulates the whole thesis.
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Hills, Adrian R. "An early history of British military television with special reference to John Logie Baird." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21159.
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Since the Publication in 1986 of The Secret Life of John Logie Baird by Tom McArthur and Dr. Peter Waddell the subject of J.L. Baird and his company's involvement with British military technologies has been brought to public attention. There has previously been no comprehensive academic assesment using primary sources of the suggestions offered in these books. Here is recorded British military television investigations from 1926 to 1946, with special reference to J.L. Baird, using previously ignored Public Record Office files and other sources. The precise role of J.L.Baird in Baird Television Limited (BTL) after the mid-1930s is discussed but still remains a matter for debate. This situation is important to the understanding of who was responsible for the variety of military projects undertaken by the Baird organisation. The technology of aerial reconnaIssance usmg television had a strong influence on British military television investigations. Television for aerial reconnaissance was the first military application suggested for the technology and became practical after the fighting services contacted J.L.Baird in 1926. This investigation continued with BTL into the 1930s and later included Marconi-EMI. These activities have had little previous assessment and yet significantly influence British military television history. During World War Two J.L. Baird personally investigated a facsimile system whilst being funded by Cable and Wireless. The technology used by J.L. Baird was based on a rapid processing camera for facsimile transmission. This technology had previously been investigated by his company in collaboration with the Air Ministry and Admiralty from 1937 to 1940 for Television aerial reconnaissance. There can remain no doubt that militarily useful applications of television, particularly for aerial reconnaissance, were a significant part of the investigations of J.L. Baird and his companies.
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Williams, Jacqueline C. (Jacqueline Clare). "Human olfactory memory : effect of temporal-lobe lesions on immediate and delayed recognition of odours." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59906.
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Odour recognition memory was studied in 49 patients with unilateral temporal lobe excision, and 20 control subjects. Odours were presented monorhinally to explore any asymmetry in performance between nostrils, and to test for hemispheric differences between patients with excision from the right versus the left temporal lobe. Testing was by a 2-alternative, forced-choice procedure, immediately after presentation and 24 hours later. A discrimination test was carried out at the conclusion of the memory test, and nondiscriminated odours were excluded from the final memory scores. The contribution of the hippocampus to odour memory was investigated by dividing patient groups according to the size of hippocampal excision. The memory test showed that only patients with excision from the left temporal lobe that included a large hippocampal removal were impaired after 24 hours. The discrimination test revealed deficits only for patients with right temporal lobectomy, and only in the right nostril.
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Horwood, Linda. "The magnetic resonance imaging-based assessment of whole-brain structural integrity in temporal lobe epilepsy." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21935.
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In temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the most common pathological finding ipsilateral to the seizure focus is sclerosis of the hippocampus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows the in vivo assessment of brain abnormalities in TLE patients. This thesis presents the application of advanced MRI post-processing techniques in a cross-sectional study of TLE patients and healthy controls, exploring the pattern of atrophy in TLE. Methods include the automatic segmentation of lobar grey and white matter and limbic (cingulate, thalamus, and insula) structures and the manual segmentation of mesial temporal lobe structures (hippocampus, amygdala and entorhinal cortex). Results of quantitative imaging are evaluated with respect to clinical parameters (disease duration, history of febrile convulsions, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, postoperative outcome). The findings demonstrate volume losses both proximal and distal to the seizure focus, particularly implicating limbic structures. The results also indicate negative effects of hippocampal atrophy and a left-sided focus on brain structural integrity in TLE.Dans l'épilepsie du lobe temporal (ELT), la lésion la plus commune est une sclérose de l'hippocampe ipsilatérale au foyer épileptique. L'imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM) permet l'évaluation in vivo des anomalies dans le cerveau des patients. Cette thèse présente l'application des techniques avancées de traitement d'image dans une étude transversale entre des patients atteints d'ELT et des sujets sains, explorant la distribution de l'atrophie cérébrale dans l'ELT. Les méthodes incluent la segmentation automatique de la matière grise et blanche par lobe et des structures limbiques (cortex cingulaire, thalamus et insula), et la segmentation manuelle des structures mésiales du lobe temporal (hippocampe, amygdale et cortex entorhinale). Les résultats de l'IRM quantitative sont évalués en relation avec des paramètres cliniques (durée de la maladie, histoire des convulsions fébriles, crises tonique-cloniques généralisées, résultats postopératoires). Les résultats démontrent des réductions de volume à proximité et à distance du foyer épileptique, incluant notamment les structures limbiques. Les résultats indiquent également un effet négatif lié à l'atrophie de l'hippocampe et un foyer épileptique dans l'hémisphère gauche sur l'intégrité structurale du cerveau dans l'ELT.
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Duchesne, Simon. "An appearance-based method for the segmentation of medial temporal lobe structures from MR images /." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33753.
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A new paradigm for the characterization of structure appearance is proposed, based on a combination of grey-level intensity data and a shape descriptor derived from a priori Principal Components Analysis of 3D deformation vector fields. Generated without external intervention, it extends more classical, 2D manual landmark-based shape models. Application of this novel concept leads to a method for the segmentation of medial temporal lobe structures from brain magnetic resonance images. The strategy employed for segmentation is similar to that used in other appearance-based approaches, while the resulting output data is identical to ANIMAL, a non-linear registration and segmentation technique. The proposed method was tested on a data set of 80 normal subjects for which manual and ANIMAL segmentated structures were available. Experimental results demonstrated the robustness and flexibility of this method. Segmentation accuracy, measured by overlap statistics, is marginally lower (<2%) than ANIMAL, while processing time is 6 times faster. Finally, the applicability of this concept towards shape deformation analysis is presented.
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Henderson, Liza Marguerite Bell. "The still moment : a study of the relationship between time and love in Shakespeare's sonnets." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65331.
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Christie, James. "Love and fine thinking : ethics and the World state in the writings of H.G. Wells." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65484.
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Ducey, Kimberley Anne. "Lone mothers and neoliberal 'discipline': A case study of a Canadian low-income housing project." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119362.
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This dissertation centers on a Canadian welfare state institution dubbed by the author, Hawthorne House. Hawthorne House is a housing project for low-income lone mothers studying and living in Canada. This study examines how neoliberalism as an ideology and practice infiltrates Hawthorne House as officials attempt to produce self-governing residents who are 'obliged to be free' and self-regulate. The manner in which residents (i.e., the lone mothers) and officials (i.e., the tools of the state that are merely carrying out ideology, instrumentalizing it) navigate the terrain of the home is coloured by their social locations. While both groups share gender, they tend to be in opposition along class and racial lines. Consequently, how neoliberalism enters and acts is nuanced along these categorical positions. A Foucaultian analysis informs the analysis of neoliberalism's penetration by explicating the ways in which neoliberalism acts as a regulatory ideology and practice à la Foucault. In other words, neoliberalism is not merely about rolling back the state; in Hawthorne House it acts as a disciplinary device to control the marginalized and disposed. This dissertation draws on in-depth interviews with residents, officials, and volunteers; field observations; and an examination of textual sources (e.g., brochures, posters) in order to assess the impact of the program on the residents' quality of life. The research documents how residents' lives are exceedingly ruled; however, what is far more profound is that the Hawthorne House program professes to motivate and enable mobility, while seemingly doing the opposite. Officials fail to contextualize the lives of low-income lone mothers, essentially ignoring, pathologizing, and individualizing social inequalities. While officials display confidence in the emancipatory power of capitalism and stress the central tenets of neoliberal governmentality – including independence and self-reliance – they ignore neoliberal capitalism's failure to deliver on such promises. Residents, on the other hand, perceive reliance on the state, familial supports, and their community to be advantageous – even an admirable mark of independence since it improves the financial security of their families, whilst securing their children's material and emotional security. The dissertation illuminates why programs like Hawthorne House, which remove low-income lone mothers from kinship networks and the like, may be less successful than those aimed at increasing reliance on others, including the state and the family.Cette dissertation se base sur une institution d'État-providence canadienne doublée par l'auteur, la Maison de Hawthorne. La Maison de Hawthorne est un projet de logement pour les mères célibataires à faible revenu qui étudient et résident au Canada. L'étude décortique comment le néolibéralisme en tant qu'idéologie et pratique infiltre la Maison Hawthorne quand les fonctionnaires essaient de créer des résidents autonomes qui sont 'obligés d'être libres'. La manière dont les résidents (c'est-à-dire, les mères célibataires) et les fonctionnaires (c'est-à-dire, les pions de l'état qui exécutent l'idéologie, l'instrumentalisant) naviguent le terrain de la maison est faussé par leurs places sociales. Même si les deux groupes sont du même sexe, ils ont tendance à s'opposer par rapport à la classe et la race. Par conséquent, l'agissement du néolibéralisme est nuancé le long de ces positions catégoriques. Une analyse foucaldienne dénonce l'analyse de la pénétration du néolibéralisme en explorant les manières dont le néolibéralisme agit comme une idéologie de contrôle et une pratique à la Foucault. Autrement dit, le néolibéralisme ne se contente pas d'arriérer l'état; dans la Maison Hawthorne, il agit comme un appareil disciplinaire pour contrôler ceux qui sont marginalisés et disposés.La dissertation s'appuie sur des entrevues détaillées avec les résidents, les fonctionnaires et les volontaires; des observations de terrain; et une étude de sources textuelles (par exemple, les brochures, les affiches) pour évaluer l'impact du programme sur la qualité de la vie des résidents. La recherche dévoile à quel point la vie de résidents est extrêmement statuée; pourtant, ce qui est bien plus profond est que le programme de Maison Hawthorne prétend motiver et permettre la mobilité, en faisant apparemment l'inverse. Les fonctionnaires ne conceptualisent pas les vies de mères célibataires à faible revenu, essentiellement en ignorant, pathologisant et individualisant des inégalités sociales. Pendant que les fonctionnaires affichent la confiance de pouvoir émancipatrice du capitalisme et qu'ils insistent sur les doctrines centrales du gouvernementalisme néolibéral – incluant l'indépendance et la dépendance de soi – ils ignorent l'échec du capitalisme néolibéral de livrer à de telles promesses. D'autre part, les résidents perçoivent une dépendance de l'état, les soutiens familiaux et leur communauté pour être avantageux – même une marque admirable d'indépendance puisqu'il améliore la sécurité financière de leurs familles, tout en protégeant la sécurité matérielle et émotionnelle de leurs enfants. La dissertation explique pourquoi les programmes comme la Maison Hawthorne, qui supprime les faibles revenus des mères célibataires provenant des réseaux de parenté et autres de ce genre, sont peut-être moins réussis que ceux visant l'augmentation de la dépendance des autres, incluant l'état et la famille.
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Johnsrude, Ingrid S. "The effect of presentation rate on the comprehension and recall of speech after anterior temporal-lobe resection /." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61177.
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Abnormally slow processing of language may be a factor contributing to the poor verbal memory seen in many patients with lesions of the anterior temporal region in the left hemisphere. This possibility was examined by comparing the performance of 12 patients with left temporal-lobe resections (LT), 10 patients with similar lesions in the right hemisphere (RT) and 13 normal control (NC) subjects on a lexical-decision task, a sentence-plausibility-judgement task, and a story-recall task. Stimuli were presented aurally, and, in the latter two tasks, at 5 different speech rates ranging from 125 words per minute (wpm) to 325 wpm. Recall of stories by LT subjects was not abnormally sensitive to the effect of increasing rate, although it was inferior to that by NC subjects at all speeds. LT patients presented aurally but not visually (Frisk and Milner, 1991), suggesting that the left anterior temporal region plays a special role in the processing of speech sounds.
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Kuxdorf, Stephanie. "Love in a machine age : gender relationships in the novels and short stories of F. Scott Fitzgerald." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59896.
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The primary purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the social and cultural revolution in post-World War One American society on gender relationships in F. Scott Fitzgerald's novels and a selection of his short stories. In his fictional works, Fitzgerald becomes a kind of social and cultural historian, reflecting the fundamental changes that began to occur in the 1920s. There were many factors that contributed to this Jazz-Age revolution in "manners and morals": the emancipation of women, giving rise to the American New Woman; the influence of Freud and his psychoanalytic theories on the already blossoming sexual revolution; and the mechanization and commercialization of all aspects of life in the machine age, drastically altering the way men and women had traditionally thought, behaved, and, communicated with one another.
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Caramanos, Zografos. "Copy and recall of the Rey Complex figure before and after unilateral frontal- or temporal-lobe excision." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69626.
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Copy and recall drawings of the Rey Complex Figure obtained during the standard clinical testing of patients with well-localized epileptic foci before and after left frontal-, left temporal-, right temporal-lobe resection were re-scored blind as to lesion site using standard protocol (18 elements scored 0, 1/2, 1, or 2 based on whether they are drawn and placed correctly for a total out of 36). They were also scored for which, and how many, elements were missing, distorted, displaced, and/or repeated. Contrary to previous findings, no main effects of side or lobe or side-by-lobe interactions were found on copy and recall scores obtained either before or after surgery, and all patients' recall improved equally from pre-operative to follow-up testing. Furthermore, patients' lesion site could not be predicted on the basis of any single measure or across all measures of performance. While group differences had been found on the previously assigned scores, the between-group overlap was almost complete and the original scoring was not done blindly. These results suggest that, despite previous claims, the Rey Complex Figure, a widely-used measure of non-verbal memory, is not an effective tool for localizing neural disturbance in temporal- and frontal-lobe epilepsy patients.
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Agrawal, Newton. "Plasticity of sodium currents as a mechanism for temporal lobe epilepsy originating from within the entorhinal cortex." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111951.
Full textAbstract:
The main goal of this dissertation is to explore the hypothesis that persistent sodium currents may mediate epileptogenicity within the entorhinal cortex. The thesis attempts to answer three major questions: First, it asks whether persistent sodium currents regulate intrinsic excitability of entorhinal cortical layer V, which has been demonstrated to exhibit epileptogenic characteristics. Second, it asks whether persistent sodium currents may be up-regulated in an acquired temporal lobe epilepsy rodent model (lithium-pilocarpine), whose features strongly correlate with human temporal lobe epilepsy. Third, it asks whether persistent sodium currents may be up-regulated in a genetic epilepsy model, which overexpresses a mutation affecting the structure of the sodium ion channel and which strongly correlates with the phenotype of generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+). Our results reveal that persistent sodium currents may be linked to the pathogenesis of acquired temporal lobe epilepsy and GEFS+.In the first study, examining entorhinal cortex layer V neurons, we found that persistent sodium currents promote subthreshold oscillations and the generation of low-threshold spikes. Cells exhibited persistent currents with the following: (a) an amplitude that is approximately 1% of the peak transient current; (b) a ∼10 mV hyperpolarized shift in the activation curve relative to that of transient current; (c) a higher single channel conductance (18.7 pS), which is distinct from that of the transient current; (d) prolonged macropatch (nPo) channel openings with increasingly latent delays for more positive voltage depolarizations, which helps distinguish persistent currents from the modal gating of transient currents;(e) a time- and voltage-dependence of current inactivation; and (f) an activation profile distinct from that due to a theoretical window current. Overall, this study helped confirm the importance of persistent currents for the epileptogenic properties of the entorhinal cortex.
In the second study, we examined sodium currents in an acquired temporal lobe epilepsy model. In this lithium-pilocarpine model, we found that persistent sodium currents may undergo neural plasticity after status epilepticus (SE) induction. More specifically, our results show the following: (a) persistent sodium currents appear to be up-regulated after a "silent period", as demonstrated by a two-fold increase in persistent current densities at nine-to-twelve weeks post-SE within entorhnal cortex layer V neurons; (b) sodium channel alpha-subunit protein expression appear to be downregulated, with a statistically significant decrease in alpha3-subunit expression compared to alpha1, alpha2, and alpha6; (c) sodium channel beta1 subunit appear to be up-regulated, relative to beta2 subunit; and (d) all messenger RNA transcripts (Nav1.1a, Nav1.6a) appear to be downregulated except for Nav1.3a. The results may suggest that acute neurological injury could result in structural and functional changes in sodium channels, which enhance persistent currents, and promote temporal lobe epilepsy.
In the third study, within transgenic GEFS+ (C121Wbeta1) model, we studied whether genetic alterations could influence persistent sodium current properties within superficial entorhinal cortical neurons. Our results demonstrate the following: (a) enhanced expression of WTbeta1 transgenics produces greater transient sodium current attenuation at all stimulation frequencies; (b) enhanced expression of C121Wbeta1 mutants evokes a resistance to such cumulative attenuation, in a manner similar to that of controls, only at higher frequencies (40- and 80-Hz); (c) enhanced expression of C121W mutants produces statistically larger persistent sodium currents relative to controls; and d) both overexpressed C121Wbeta1 mutants and overexpressed WTbeta1 transgenics display depolarized shifts in steady-state activation and inactivation. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Athanasiadis, Nicholas. "The experience of affliction and the possibility of love in the life and thought of Simone Weil /." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36870.
Full textAbstract:
Simone Weil is best known to the world as a mystic and a philosopher. She died in 1943 at the age of 34, ostensibly because she refused the hypernutrition prescribed for the treatment of her tuberculosis. Shortly after her death, thanks to the posthumous publication of her work, she was recognised as one of the twentieth centuries most original thinkers in areas as diverse as philosophy, political history, religion, and ethics. Few writers have delved into the foundational relationship she discerned between a destructive form of suffering she called "affliction" and the experience of divine love. The present dissertation exposes how this fundamental relationship lies at the centre of Weil's life and thought.First, we correlate biographical details of Weil's life with key insights into the reality of affliction. Second, the nature of human suffering is treated as a theological concept. Through Weil we consider the limits of creatureliness to the point at which one no longer feels a part of the human community. Third, we examine Weil's insight into the radical possibility of love in response to the annihilating experience of affliction, that is, the experience of God's love for us as well as the possibility of loving the afflicted neighbour. Finally, we consider several critiques of Weil's sense of her own identity as a woman and as a Jew, and the impact of this identity crisis on her unique understanding of the relationship between suffering and the love of God.
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Leblanc, Simon. "Le Deutéronome, la famille et la transmission de la loi en Israël ancien." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19657.
Full textAbstract:
The book of Deuteronomy turns out to be very interesting for the study of passing on religious traditions within family. On the one hand, with a canonical approach — i.e. an approach where the function of a biblical text within the canon is emphasised over die history of this text - Deuteronomy acts like the hermeneutical key explaining how the new generations must face and actualise the Torah — the principles of life and conduct given by the Lord to His people. On the orner hand, the content of Deuteronomy represents the family as the privileged place, or rather die "vehicle" by which die Torah will be handed down to the next generation.