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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lois radiales'
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1
Cellier, Dominique. "Deux extensions des résultats classiques sur les estimateurs à rétrécisseur : cas de rétrécisseurs non différentiables ; cas de lois à symétrie sphérique." Rouen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ROUES044.
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Scordia, Julien. "Approche systématique de l'optimisation du dimensionnement et de l'élaboration de lois de gestion d'énergie de véhicules hybrides." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00145236.
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Un véhicule hybride est un véhicule qui dispose d'au moins deux sources d'énergie pour son déplacement. Dans le cas du véhicule hybride thermique électrique, une source est non-réversible (réservoir de carburant) l'autre est réversible (batterie).Le problème est d'utiliser de manière optimum par rapport à la consommation de carburant (et donc les émissions de CO2) l'énergie disponible dans la batterie. Cette optimisation est possible en utilisant au mieux les degrés de liberté de la chaîne de traction du véhicule (rapports de boîte par exemple), tout en satisfaisant la demande de puissance du conducteur.
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Soler, Vera Francisco Alejandro. "Intermediarios radiales del movimiento roto-traslatorio de satélites artificiales." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/373199.
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En esta tesis se presentan algunos modelos intermediarios del movimiento roto-traslatorio de un satélite u otro cuerpo celeste menor alrededor de uno esférico y mucho más masivo, considerando condiciones iniciales para las cuales la perturbación gravitatoria es la predominante sobre otros tipos de perturbaciones como la magnética o la aerodinámica, entre otras. En particular, analizaremos el conocido como “problema de gradiente de gravedad”, esto es, la aproximación de MacCullagh del desarrollo en serie del potencial gravitatorio, haciendo uso del concepto de intermediario, que posee una larga tradición tanto en Astronomía como en Astrodinámica. Debido a la complejidad del problema, encuadrado dentro de lo que se conoce como “problema completo de dos cuerpos”, los modelos propuestos hasta la fecha se basan en una serie de suposiciones que simplifican el problema con objeto de poder abordarlo tanto analítica como numéricamente. Con esta intención, suponemos que el tamaño del cuerpo secundario es despreciable respecto a la distancia que lo separa del primero, por lo que podemos simplificar el potencial del problema empleando la aproximación de MacCullagh. Posteriormente, en el capítulo 2, por medio de truncaciones definiremos cinco intermediarios donde se emplean las variables Polares Nodales para el movimiento orbital, y las de Andoyer para el movimiento rotacional. En el capítulo 3 se estudian dos modelos de intermediarios de órbita circular, denotados por H(υ) y H(ν,φ). Una característica común de ambos modelos es la existencia de gran cantidad de condiciones de equilibrios relativos para movimientos de rotación lentos. En este sentido, con respecto a la visión clásica estática del espacio reducido del problema del sólido libre, cabe destacar que los presentes modelos producen cambios en la estabilidad de los equilibrios relativos, no siendo siempre inestable el correspondiente a la segunda componente del vector momento angular rotacional. En general, ambos modelos presentan dinámicas fuertemente influenciadas por el valor sus integrales y momentos de inercia del sólido en órbita. En particular, para valores elevados del momento angular rotacional, es decir, rotaciones rápidas, se observan mejores prestaciones del intermediario H(ν) que del H(ν,φ) con respecto al modelo completo truncado. Las comparaciones se realizan para varias inclinaciones fijas del plano del momento angular rotacional y para tres ternas diferentes de valores de momentos de inercia (una de ellas representando objetos casi axial-simétricos, otra representando objetos fuertemente tri-axiales o tri-inerciales, y otra describiendo cuerpos intermedios más conservadores). Se observa que, a mayor inclinación y triaxilidad, los modelos resultan menos fiables en comparación con el modelo completo. Finalmente, en el capítulo 4 abordamos la búsqueda de nuevos intermediarios radiales roto-orbitales. Dado que para el caso de radio no constante existen un buen número de técnicas de la Mecánica Clásica a investigar, el capítulo cuatro pretende ser un primer paso en el complejo proceso de búsqueda y caracterización de intermediarios que requiere más investigación. Aplicando la misma filosofía que en el capítulo anterior, nos encontramos con que el intermediario resulta ser no separable debido a la presencia del momento de Andoyer N, el cual provoca que el subsistema de Andoyer no sea separable al estar involucrada la variable radial. Estamos pues, ante un modelo aproximado de dos grados de libertad con prestaciones llamativas de cara al estudio del modelo completo. Para no perder la separabilidad de las variables del problema, estudiamos el modelo axial-simétrico, que define un sistema 1-GDL integrable, que será analizado analíticamente, integrando el modelo para después numéricamente hacer comparaciones con el modelo completo y con el modelo aproximado. Las simulaciones numéricas realizadas reflejan escenarios muy similares a los que nos encontramos en el caso de los intermediarios de órbita circular.In this thesis, some intermediary models for the spin-orbit motion of a satellite (or another minor celestial body) around a much more massive spherical body are presented, considering initial conditions for which the influence of the gravitational perturbation is greater than other perturbations such as magnetic or aerodynamic, among others. In particular, we discuss the so-called "gravity gradient problem", i.e., the MacCullagh’s approximation of the power series of gravitational potential, using the concept of intermediary, which has a long tradition in both Astronomy and Astrodynamics. Due to the complexity of this problem, that fits within the so-called “full two body problem”, the proposed models so far are based on a number of assumptions that simplify the problem in order to address it both analytically and numerically. For this purpose, we assume that the size of the secondary body is negligible when compared to the distance between the two bodies involved, hence we can simplify the problem using MacCullagh’s approximation. In chapter 2, we define five intermediaries by means of the corresponding truncations. Polar Nodal variables are used to describe the orbital motion, whereas Andoyer’s are used for rotational motion. In Chapter 3, two intermediary models for bodies moving in a circular orbit are studied, that we have denoted by H( ) and H(ν, φ). A common feature of both models is the existence of a large amount of relative equilibria conditions for slow rotational motions. Thus, with respect to the static view of the reduced space of the free rigid body problem, we point out that these models produce changes in the stability of the relative equilibria, in such a way that the equilibrium corresponding to the second component of the rotational angular momentum vector is not always unstable, as happens for the free rigid body model. Overall, both models are observed to have dynamics strongly influenced by their integrals and moments of inertia of the orbiting body. In particular, for high values of the rotational angular momentum, i.e., fast rotations, better performances are seen for the intermediary H(ν) against H(ν, φ) with respect to the full model. Comparisons are addressed for several inclinations of the rotational angular momentum plane and for three different sets of moments of inertia (one of them representing nearly axisymmetric bodies, another one representing tri-axial or tri-inertial bodies, and the last one representing more regular bodies between the previous two sets). It is observed that, the greater the inclination and triaxiality, the lesser reliable the models when comparing with the full model. Finally, in Chapter 4 we address the search for new spin-orbit radial intermediaries. The goal of this chapter is to give the first steps in the complex process of searching and characterizing of intermediaries that requires more research. Applying the same methodolgy as in the previous chapter, we find our first radial intermediary to be not integrable due to the presence of the Andoyer momenta N, which causes the Andoyer subsystem of differential equations to be not separable due to the involvement of the radial variable. We have, therefore, an approximate model of two degrees of freedom with striking performances to face the study of the full model. However, in order to have an integrable model, we study the axisymmetric case, which defines a 1-DOF system, which will be analyzed analytically, by integrating the model, and then we will address numerical comparison with the full model and the approximate model. These numerical simulations show very similar scenarios to those found for the case of the intermediaries moving in a circular orbit.
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Fernández, Fernández Juan Reyes. "Tratamiento del hombro doloroso en un servicio de rehabilitación y medicina física : estudio sobre los efectos de las ondas de choque y los ultrasonidos en el tratamiento del síndrome subacromial." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/117321.
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Objetivos del estudio: establecer los efectos de ultrasonidos y ondas de choque radiales en el síndrome subacromial, determinar la posible influencia del sexo y analizar la rentabilidad de ambas técnicas. Realizamos un estudio en veinticuatro pacientes repartidos en dos grupos: un grupo recibió ondas de choque y el otro ultrasonidos. Los pacientes fueron evaluados mediante la escala DASH, Constant&Murley, UCLA, SF-36 y EVA, antes del tratamiento, al mes, a los tres meses y a los seis meses. El estudio no mostró diferencias entre ultrasonidos y ondas de choque, aunque ambos tratamientos mostraron eficacia. Dicha mejoría fue mayor en los varones. Obtuvimos un coste por paciente menor con las ondas de choque. Conclusiones: ambas técnicas son eficaces en el tratamiento del síndrome subacromial, aunque no encontramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ellas. Los resultados fueron mejores en los varones. En dichas condiciones, el abordaje con ondas de choque radiales es más rentable.Objectives: To set the utility of ultrasound and radial shock waves in subacromial syndrome; to determinate the possible influence of sex; to analyse the profitability of both techniques. We did a clinical trial in twenty-four patients, divided in two groups: one of them received shock waves treatment, the other group received ultrasounds. The patients were evaluated using DASH scale, Constant&Murley, UCLA, SF-36 and VAE scales before treatment, one month, three months and six months later. No significant differences were found between the two techniques, although both treatments improved symptoms and function. That improvement was better in males. We obtained a patients’ cost in shock waves group lower than in ultrasounds one. Conclusions: both techniques are effective in the treatment of subacromial syndrome, although we couldn’t find relevant differences. The results were better in males. Thus, radial shock waves treatment is more profitable than ultrasounds one.
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Golkar, Masoud Aliakbar. "Loss calculation and reduction in radial distribution systems." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/38333.
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Aguilar, Berrios Emilia Angélica, Atias Valentina Paz Bastías, and Bravo Claudia Cardemil. "No hay derecho: panorama de los derechos de niños, niñas y jóvenes en Chile a los 25 años de la ratificación de la convención de los derechos del niño." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/139710.
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Memoria para optar al título de periodistaReportaje 1: Avances y retrocesos legislativos en materia de niñez en los últimos 45 años. Reportaje 2: Ley de Protección Integral de niños, niñas y adolescentes: antecedentes, implicancias y críticas. Entrevista: Denisse Araya Directora Ejecutiva ONG Raíces.
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Molteni, Jara María Cecilia. "Pertinencia cultural de los medios periodísticos nacionales en la región magallánica." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2004. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/146103.
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Seminario para optar a la Licenciatura en Comunicación SocialEste trabajo ha pretendido determinar la pertinencia cultural que la oferta informativa de los medios periodísticos nacionales presenta para los habitantes de la Región de Magallanes y Antártica Chilena, entendiendo como pertinencia cultural la manifestación de elementos sustantivos -en forma y contenido- que interpelan espontáneamente el modo de ser intrínseco de los sujetos que comparten una identidad. En la base, se encuentra la pregunta acerca del modo y rango en que los medios de comunicación nacionales están respondiendo a las necesidades de información de quienes no viven en Santiago y de cómo están participando en la preservación una homogenización artificial de la chilenidad en desmedro de la diversidad cultural del país. Debido a que el objetivo planteado sólo puede abordarse adecuadamente, mediante un estudio de orden cualitativo - ya que hablamos de consumo cultural e identidad- nos inscribimos en el enfoque epistemológico constructivista y utilizamos la técnica de los grupos de discusión. Analizamos los distintos relatos, desde las perspectivas de los hábitos informativos, preferencias por medios regionales o nacionales, necesidad y valoración de la información, modos en que se representa a la región magallánica en los medios nacionales, elementos culturales de la oferta noticiosa que comparten y se consideran propios. El resultado es significativo. Los magallánicos hacen una crítica profunda a los medios periodísticos nacionales, su calidad, contenidos y función social. A la vez, con excepción de escasos temas de orden político, económico y social, la información les resulta ajena, sin interés y culturalmente amenazante para el futuro del país.
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GEORGE, JOHN K. "ANALYTICAL, NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL CALCULATION OF SOUND TRANSMISSION LOSS CHARACTERISTICS OF SINGLE WALLED MUFFLER SHELLS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1181226367.
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Wilks, Theresa M. "Calculation of the radial electric field in the DIII-D tokamak edge plasma." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54988.
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The application of a theoretical framework for calculating the radial electric field in the DIII-D tokamak edge plasma is discussed. Changes in the radial electric field are correlated with changes in many important edge plasma phenomena, including rotation, the L-H transition, and ELM suppression. A self-consistent model for the radial electric field may therefore suggest a means of controlling other important parameters in the edge plasma. Implementing a methodology for calculating the radial electric field can be difficult due to its complex interrelationships with ion losses, rotation, radial ion fluxes, and momentum transport. The radial electric field enters the calculations for ion orbit loss. This ion orbit loss, in turn, affects the radial ion flux both directly and indirectly through return currents, which have been shown theoretically to torque the edge plasma causing rotation. The edge rotation generates a motional radial electric field, which can influence both the edge pedestal structure and additional ion orbit losses.
In conjunction with validating the analytical modified Ohm’s Law model for calculating the radial electric field, modeling efforts presented in this dissertation focus on improving calculations of ion orbit losses and x-loss into the divertor region, as well as the formulation of models for fast beam ion orbit losses and the fraction of lost particles that return to the confined plasma. After rigorous implementation of the ion orbit loss model and related mechanisms into fluid equations, efforts are shifted to calculate effects from rotation on the radial electric field calculation and compared to DIII-D experimental measurements and computationally simulated plasmas. This calculation of the radial electric field will provide a basis for future modeling of a fast, predictive calculation to characterize future tokamaks like ITER.
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Delgado, Nachtigall Úrsula. "Periodismo de investigación en la radio peruana: alcances y posibilidades: los casos de RPP noticias y CPN radio." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/579403.
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Esta tesis aborda el tema del periodismo de investigación en la radio informativa peruana, así como los alcances y posibilidades de este género periodístico que, pese a sus muchos beneficios, es muy poco utilizado en los medios de comunicación. Los casos a partir de los cuales se ha realizado el presente estudio son: RPP Noticias, emisora informativa que actualmente ocupa el primer lugar en el ránking nacional, y CPN Radio, la segunda emisora informativa que en el 2006 ocupaba el puesto catorce. El objetivo de esta investigación apunta a conocer las principales razones que obstaculizan el desarrollo de este género periodístico en la radio informativa limeña, así como los factores que podrían promover su práctica. Cabe señalar que en comparación con el periodismo escrito y el televisivo, la radio informativa es el medio que realiza menos periodismo de investigación en el país.Tesis
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Duplex, Benjamin. "Transfert de déformations géométriques lors des couplages de codes de calcul - Application aux dispositifs expérimentaux du réacteur de recherche Jules Horowitz." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00679015.
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Le CEA développe et utilise des logiciels de calcul, également appelés codes de calcul, dans différentes disciplines physiques pour optimiser les coûts de ses installations et de ses expérimentations. Lors d'une étude, plusieurs phénomènes physiques interagissent. Un couplage et des échanges de données entre plusieurs codes sont nécessaires. Chaque code réalise ses calculs sur une géométrie, généralement représentée sous forme d'un maillage contenant des milliers voire des millions de mailles. Cette thèse se focalise sur le transfert de déformations géométriques entre les maillages spécifiques de chacun des codes de calcul couplés. Pour cela, elle présente une méthode de couplage de plusieurs codes, dont le calcul des déformations est réalisé par l'un d'entre eux. Elle traite également de la mise en place d'un modèle commun aux différents codes de l'étude regroupant l'ensemble des données partagées. Enfin, elle porte sur les transferts de déformations entre des maillages représentant une même géométrie ou des géométries adjacentes. Les modifications géométriques sont de nature discrète car elles s'appuient sur un maillage. Afin de les rendre accessible à l'ensemble des codes de l'étude et pour permettre leur transfert, une représentation continue est calculée. Pour cela, deux fonctions sont développées : l'une à support global, l'autre à support local. Toutes deux combinent une méthode de simplification et un réseau de fonctions de base radiale. Un cas d'application complet est traité dans le cadre du réacteur Jules Horowitz. L'effet des dilatations différentielles sur le refroidissement d'un dispositif expérimental est étudié.
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Vedera, Kevin G. "An Experimental Methodology for Evaluating Power Losses of Rolling Element Bearings Subjected to Combined Radial and Axial Loads." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1522933829712819.
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Deng, Hong. "Metal (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Fe) uptake, tolerance and radial oxygen loss in typical wetland plants." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2005. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/629.
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Gibson, Richard Samuel. "Reduction of variable speed drive IGBT switching loss, utilising the IGBT gate drive, without increasing radio frequency radiated emissions." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2427.
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Radio frequency radiated emission from a variable speed drive must be limited below defined limits to avoid interference with electronic equipment. It is possible to comply with the international standards however, the current state of the art methods such as large gate drive resistance and output filters significantly reduce the efficiency or increase the cost of the products. It is known that the main source of emissions emanate from the switching transients associated with the output power semiconductors, however the exact mechanisms and specific sources are unknown. This thesis examines the interaction of power devices during the switching transient identifying features which can be controlled by a sophisticated gate drive design. Analysis of the frequency content of the signals is presented together with methods to minimise power losses while maintaining compliance with radiated emission standards. A research program has been undertaken to identify the sources responsible for radiated emissions and predict a figure of merit as an indication of compliance. Measuring radio frequency content on high voltage and current signals is difficult and several techniques to accurately achieve this are presented. Simple passive gate drive solutions which can be easily implemented are examined along with a discussion on more complicated optimised solutions.
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Monge, Mongrut Martha de Lourdes. "Campaña radial contra la desnutrición infantil : “Los tres primeros años deciden la vida" 2005-2007." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/13857.
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El documento digital no refiere asesorEl presente informe profesional desarrolla el rol directivo en Comunicación para la aplicación de campañas en radio en una sistematización de la experiencia que revelará las estrategias, herramientas y propuestas de la profesión y mostrará las políticas informativas de la emisora a la que se adscribe. Se hará referencia a las dos primeras etapas, con las lecciones aprendidas y recomendaciones para optimizar la propuesta radial respecto al desarrollo de campañas con responsabilidad social. Asimismo, cada capítulo compone el proceso seguido bajo esta metodología aplicada a la comunicación social. La sistematización ha permitido identificar el rol que cumple un Director de Producción en el proceso de diseño, aplicación y emisión de las campañas radiales convertidas en políticas informativas de responsabilidad social. La producción de las campañas involucra los componentes decisivos, aplicativos y operativos de la emisora y de la producción informativa. Identifica el rol profesional de los comunicadores y del medio que emite.
Trabajo de suficiencia profesional
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Darvish, Darvish, and F. Nadideh Öçba. "Presentation and evaluation of gated-SPECT myocardial perfusion images : Radial Slices - data reduction without loss of information." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknik och hälsa (STH), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-117866.
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Single photon emission tomography (SPECT) data from myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) are normally displayed as a set of three slices orthogonal to the left ventricular (LV) long axis for both ECG-gated (GSPECT) and non-gated SPECT studies. The total number of slices presented for assessment depends on the size of the heart, but is typically in excess of 30. A requirement for data presentation is that images should be orientated about the LV axis; therefore, a set of radial slice would fulfill this need. Radial slices are parallel to the LV long axis and arranged diametrically. They could provide a suitable alternative to standard orthogonal slices, with the advantage of requiring far fewer slices to adequately represent the data. In this study a semi-automatic method was developed for displaying MPI SPECT data as a set of radial slices orientated about the LV axis, with the aim of reducing the number of slices viewed, without loss of information and independent on the size of the heart. Input volume data consisted of standard short axis slices orientated perpendicular to the LV axis chosen at the time of reconstruction. The true LV axis was determined by first determining the boundary on a central long axis slice, the axis being in the direction of the y-axis in the matrix. The skeleton of the myocardium were found and the true LV axis determined for that slice. The angle of this axis with respect to the y-axis was calculated. The process was repeated for an orthogonal long axis slice. The input volume was then rotated by the angles calculated. Radial slices generated for presentation were integrated over a sector equivalent to the imaging resolution (1.2 cm); assuming the diameter of the heart is about 8cm then non-gated data could be represented by 20 radial slices integrated over an 18 degree section. Gated information could be represented with four slices spaced at 45 intervals, integrated over a 30 degree sector.
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Wu, Chuan. "Effects of radial oxygen loss (ROL) on arsenic tolerance, uptake and distribution by rice (Oryza sativa L.)." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2011. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1246.
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Becerra, Florez Christian Eloy. "Programa radial online educomunitativo que promueve el diálogo y participación de los jóvenes en ambientes educativos." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/12056.
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El presente proyecto de comunicación desarrolla la propuesta de un programa
radial online educomunicativo, el cual responda a las necesidades de formación que
necesitan los jóvenes en los ambientes educativos.
En primer lugar, se describe la experiencia que ha desarrollado la Congregación
Salesiana en el Perú, desde su trabajo en la educación, el uso de la radio como elemento
pastoral, además de los aciertos y desaciertos desarrollados en los campos
educomunicativos.
En segundo lugar, desarrollamos una reflexión teórica acerca del uso de los
medios de comunicación social, sobre todo de la radio, sus usos y transformaciones en el
ambiente educativo. Se hace una valoración de los aportes teóricos que desarrollados
desde los campos de la educación y la comunicación, mostrando la sinergia entre estos
dos campos, lo que que favorece el objetivo común del aprendizaje significativo.
En tercer lugar, se describe la sistematización de la experiencia, que desarrolla un
diagnóstico, un estudio de la propuesta y activación del programa radial. Cada una de las
fases de estudio muestran elementos claves, como son: la selección de la audiencia, cuáles
son sus características y tendencias; identificar el formato radial; la conformación de un
equipo multidisciplinario que fortalezca la reflexión y desarrollo de la propuesta y la
activación de los grupos formativos, conformada por estudiantes de tercero, cuarto y
quinto de secundaria de dos colegios salesianos.
Es importante remarcar que la elaboración de la propuesta educomunicativa se
presenta de forma original porque ha sido creada y producida por los propios estudiantes,
quienes luego de trabajar un programa formativo sobre el uso de los medios de
comunicación, luego aportarían al desarrollo de las características del programa radial
online. Un primer paso fue conformar un equipo gestor multidisciplinario, con quienes se
activó la propuesta comunicacional, cumpliendo estos el papel de ser facilitadores de la
propuesta.
Finalmente, cabe resaltar que el objetivo de la propuesta educomunicativa es
apoyar a los jóvenes en su formación, con la ayuda de historias, donde ellos se sientan
identificados y llamados a escuchar el programa. El programa radial online
#FueraDeSerie se muestra como una propuesta interesante porque son los propios jóvenes
quienes cuentan sus historias, siendo el eslogan del programa el siguiente: “Historias
contadas en nuestro idioma”.The present communication project develops the proposal of a educommunicative online radio program, which responds to the training needs that young people need in educational environments. In the first place, we describe the experience that the Salesian Congregation has developed in Peru, from its work in education, on the use of the radio as a pastoral element. In addition to its successes and failures that this institution has developed in the educommunicative fields. Secondly, the theoretical reflection about the use of social media, especially radio, its uses and transformations in the educational environment. Assess the theoretical contributions that have been developed from the fields of education and communication, showing the synergy that these two fields have and that favor the common goal of meaningful learning. The systematization of the experience is described, which develops a diagnosis, a study of the proposal and activation of the radio program. Each of the phases of the study show key elements such as: the selection of the audience, what are their characteristics and trends; identify the radial format; the formation of a multidisciplinary team that strengthens the reflection and development of the proposal and the activation of the formative groups conformed by third, fourth and fifth secondary students of two Salesian schools. It’s important to note that the development of the characteristics of the educommunicative proposal is presented in an original way because it has been created and produced by the students themselves, who after working a formative program towards the use of the media, then contribute to the development of what would be the characteristics of the online radio program. A first step was to form a multidisciplinary management team, with whom the communication proposal was activated, fulfilling the role of facilitators of the proposal. Finally, the objective of the educommunicative proposal is to help young people in their formation, telling them stories where they feel identified and called to listen to the program. #FueraDeSerie program is shown as an interesting proposal because the young people themselves tell their stories, for that reason the slogan of the online radio program #FueraDeSerie: "Stories told in our language".
Tesis
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Ensminger, Alyssa M. "Prediction of Radial Bending Strength by Cortical Porosity and Diameter." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors149278795178393.
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Uzquiano, López Ana. "Progenitor cell mechanisms contributing to cortical malformations : studying the role of the heterotopia gene Eml1/EML1 in radial glia." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2019SORUS392.pdf.
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Le cortex cérébral se développe à partir des zones de prolifération des cellules progénitrices dont le comportement anormal peut donner lieu à des malformations corticales. Des mutations dans Eml1/EML1 ont été identifiées chez la souris HeCo, ainsi que dans trois familles présentant une hétérotopie sous-corticale (SH). La SH se caractérise par une position aberrante des neurones dans la substance blanche. Chez la souris HeCo, des anomalies de position des progéniteurs de la glie radiale apicale (aRG) ont été observées aux stades précoces de la corticogenèse. Je me suis concentré sur la caractérisation de l’aRG dans la zone ventriculaire (VZ) afin d’identifier pourquoi certaines cellules quittent cette région et ainsi mieux comprendre les mécanismes qui sous-tendent l’hétérotopie. En combinant la microscopie confocale et électronique (EM), j'ai découvert des anomalies des centrosomes et des cils primaires dans les aRG mutants pour Eml1 : les cils primaires sont plus courts et souvent mal orientés dans des vésicules. La recherche de partenaires interagissant avec Eml1 à l'aide de la spectrométrie de masse (MS), combinée au séquençage d’exome des ADN de patients SH, nous a permis d'identifier : 1) un partenaire ciliaire interagissant avec Eml1, RPGRIP1L ; 2) des mutations du gène RPGRIP1L chez un patient SH. L’analyse ontologique des gènes sur les données de MS a mis en évidence l’appareil de Golgi et le transport des protéines comme catégories enrichies. En effet, j'ai identifié des altérations de l'appareil de Golgi dans les aRG HeCo. L’ensemble de ces données montre que l'axe appareil de Golgi-cil primaire est perturbé quand Eml1/EML1 est muté et conduit à l’identification de nouvelles voies dans un trouble grave du neurodéveloppementCerebral cortical development is a finely regulated process, depending on diverse progenitor cells. Abnormal behavior of the latter can give rise to cortical malformations. Mutations in Eml1/EML1 were identified in the HeCo mouse, as well as in three families presenting severe subcortical heterotopia (SH). SH is characterized by the presence of mislocalized neurons in the white matter. At early stages of corticogenesis, abnormally positioned apical radial glia progenitors (aRG) were found cycling outside the proliferative ventricular zone (VZ) in the HeCo cortical wall. I focused my research on characterizing aRG in the VZ to assess why some cells leave this region and thus to further understand SH mechanisms. Combining confocal and electron microscopy (EM), I uncovered abnormalities of centrosomes and primary cilia in Eml1-mutant aRGs: primary cilia are shorter, and often remain basally oriented within vesicles. Searching for Eml1-interacting partners using mass spectrometry (MS), combined with exome sequencing of SH patient DNAs, allowed us to identify a ciliary Eml1-interacting partner, RPGRIP1L, showing mutations in a SH patient. Gene ontology analyses of MS data pointed to Golgi apparatus and protein transport as enriched categories. Indeed, Golgi abnormalities were identified in HeCo aRGs. Altogether, these data indicate that the Golgi-to-primary cilium axis is perturbed in Eml1mutant conditions, pointing to new intracellular pathways involved in severe neurodevelopmental disorders
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Sattouf, Chakib. "Caractérisation en dynamique rapide du comportement de matériaux utilisés en aéronautique." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT011H.
Full textAbstract:
L'objectif de cette thèse est d'apporter une contribution aux procédures de modélisation des problèmes en dynamique rapide. La caractérisation du comportement élastoplastique de matériaux métalliques, l'aluminium 2017 et l'acier 42CD4, en dynamique rapide constitue l'application principale des différentes démarches et méthodes mises en œuvre. Sur le plan numérique, le travail réalisé a permis d'étendre la gamme d'utilisation des lois d'écoulement par l'implémentation de nouvelles formes de lois dans un code de calcul explicite. Cette implémentation , basée sur la méthode du retour radial, a été validée au moyen de différents cas tests. La partie expérimentale du travail est relative à l'installation et à l'exploitation d'un nouveau lanceur à gaz au laboratoire. Le dispositif est destiné à réaliser des essais d'impact dans différentes configurations afin de caractériser le comportement dynamique des matériaux et des interfaces. La procédure d'identification, basée sur le programme PILOTE développé en interne, utilise une combinaison d'algorithmes de Monte-Carlo et de Levenberg-Marquard. Les résultats sont présentés pour l'aluminium 2017, l'acier 42CD4 et un interface utilisant ces deux matériaux. La validation est obtenue par comparaison entre expérience et calcul sur des structures "non conventionnelles"
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Hu, Yikun. "A generic approach for the study of higher-order mode propagation in circular ducts with simple aperture devices." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2007. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/19783.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the work reported in this thesis is to establish a generic approach for the study of the propagation of higher-order modes in ducts of circular cross section when a simple aperture device is installed in the duct. Additionally to describe the effects of the simple aperture device on the whole in duct acoustic field, especially in the frequency range after the first higher-order mode cuts on. The approach, which is based on approximating each higher-order mode as an uncoupled mode, requires an accurate and effective decomposition of the in duct field in the higher frequency range. In the theoretical work for the propagation of the higher-order modes in circular ducts, one established model to describe the open end of the duct is considered. Another model to describe the sound source (both plane wave source and point source) and the boundaries between the aperture device and the main duct is proposed. Combining the two models together, a revised model to describe the whole acoustic system is obtained and used to carry out the in duct field decomposition in the higher frequency range. From this the amplitudes of various higher-order modes are obtained. Experimental investigations have also been carried out to determine the applicability of this model. The experimental work can be divided into two groups: reference measurements for the inputs to the models and direct measurements of the sound fields. The reference measurements are used to obtain the strength of the sound source. The direct measurements are used to compare with the results obtained from the theoretical calculations. Through the comparison, the errors and the applicability of the theoretical model are established. It is shown that this approach to the problem may be used in the normalized wave number region up to k * R -< 7 , which is nearly four times the plane wave region and includes sixteen propagating higher-order modes. By determining the amplitudes of the higher-order modes, the whole in-duct acoustic field is fully decomposed into individual model contributions and can be reconstructed in detail. In order to get a complete and coordinate-independent description of the effects of installing different simple aperture devices, the power radiated out of the open end of - i - the duct is calculated in the fonn of different single modes. Additionally the insertion losses for different aperture device situations are also obtained. Then through the comparison of the powers and the insertion losses, it is possible to find an effective and direct way to express the effects of installing different simple aperture devices in a duct.
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Singh, Pradeep Kumar. "Electron microscopic studies of low-k inter-metal dielectrics." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-152134.
Full textAbstract:
Die fortwährende Verkleinerung der Strukturbreiten in der Mikroelektronik erfordert es, herkömmliche SiO2 Dielektrika durch Materialien mit kleinerer Dielektrizitätskonstante zu ersetzen. Dafür sind verschiedene „low-k Materialien“ entwickelt worden. Unter diesen sind die Organosilikatgläser, die aus SiO2 Netzwerken mit eingelagerten Methylgruppen bestehen wegen ihrer ausgezeichneten Eigenschaften besonders interessant als Dielektrika zwischen metallischen Leiterbahnen. In dieser Arbeit sind fünf verschiedene dieser „low-k Materialien“ untersucht worden: ein dichtes und vier poröse Materialien, die alle durch plasmagestützte chemische Gasphasenabscheidung hergestellt wurden. Die strukturellen, chemischen und dielektrischen Eigenschaften der Materialien wurden mit Hilfe der analytischen Durchstrahlungselektronenmikroskopie unter Verwendung eines abbildenden GATAN-Energiespektrometers untersucht.
Die Bestimmung der radialen Verteilungsfunktion (RDF) zur Charakterisierung der atomaren Nahordnung ermöglicht uns die Ermittlung mittlerer Bindungslängen und – winkel sowie der mikroskopischen Dichte des Materials. Gegenüber SiO2 wurden in den untersuchten „low-k Materialien“ stark veränderte mittlere Si-O, O-O und Si-Si Bindungslängen gefunden. Dieses wirkt sich natürlich auch auf die mittleren Si-O-Si bzw. O-Si-O Bindungswinkel aus, und wie erwartet war auch die mikroskopische Dichte der „low-k Materialien“ kleiner als die Dichte des SiO2.
Elektronen Energieverlustspektroskopie (EELS) und Photoelektronenspektroskopie (XPS) wurden zur Charakterisierung der chemischen Umgebung der Atome in den „low-k Materialien“ herangezogen. Die Energien von Ionisationskanten und die Bindungsenergien der Silizium-2p und Sauerstoff-1s Elektronen waren in den „low-k Materialien“ größer als im SiO2. Die Kohlenstoffatome kamen in den „low-k Materialien“ sowohl sp2 als auch sp3 hybridisiert vor. sp2-Hybridisierung liegt vor, wenn Bindungen wie Si=CH2 und C=C im Netzwerk vorkommen, während sp3 Hybridisierung z.B. dann vorkommt, wenn freie Si-Bindungen durch –CH3 Gruppen abgesättigt werden. Die Anteile an sp2- bzw. sp3-hybridisierten Kohlenstoffatome wurden aus der Feinstruktur der K-Energieverlustkanten des Kohlenstoffs abgeschätzt. Das ergab, daß die meisten Kohlenstoffatome in den „low-k Materialien“ sp2-hybridisiert sind.
Die dielektrischen Eigenschaften wurden durch Kramers-Kronig-Transformation einer Energieverlustfunktion ermittelt, die aus dem Niedrigverlust-EELS-Spektrum im Bereich der Plasmonenanregungen gewonnen wurde. Die Bandlücke des SiO2 beträgt ungefähr 9 eV während dichte „low-k Materialien“ aufgrund der Unregelmäßigkeiten in ihrem SiO2-Netzwerk zusätzliche Zustandsdichten innerhalb der Bandlücke aufweisen. Die Erzeugung von Poren im „low-k Material“ vermindert offenbar die Zustandsdichte im Bereich der Bandlücke und erweitert diese im Vergleich zum SiO2. Eine Modellrechnung mit der Dichtefunktionaltheorie für ein Strukturmodell, das den „low-k Materialien“ nahe kommt, ist zum Vergleich mit der experimentell gefundenen kombinierten Zustandsdichte herangezogen worden und zeigt eine gute Übereinstimmung. Die im Standard-Herstellungsprozeß vorkommenden Verfahren des Plasmaätzens und der Plasmaveraschung können die Struktur des „low-k Materials“ z.B. an den Seitenwänden von Ätzgräben verändern. Die gestörten Bereiche wurden mit der energiegefilterten Elektronenmikroskopie untersucht. Dabei wurde gefunden, daß sich die Strukturveränderungen der Seitenwände bis zu einer Tiefe in der Größenordnung von ungefähr 10 Nanometern erstrecken. Diese Bereiche sind verarmt an Kohlenstoff und ähneln folglich mehr einem SiO2-Dielektrikum. Die Kohlenstoffverarmung erstreckt sich in die „low-k Schicht“ in Form eines gaussartigen Profils mit maximaler Kohlenstoffkonzentration in der Mitte der Schicht. Die Sauerstoffkonzentration und die mikroskopische Dichte steigen in der Nähe der Seitenwände.
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Cacková, Tereza. "Náhrada trubkových výměníků tepla v CFD výpočtech proudění." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-416431.
Full textAbstract:
The master thesis deals with the replacement of heat exchanger surfaces during simulations in the ANSYS Fluent. The aim of this work is to find a simplified model of the heat exchanger usable for flow simulations in large process and energy units, where it is not possible to model the entire heat exchanger in detail. The calculation procedures are applied to „tube bank” heat exchanger. The master thesis is divided into three parts. First part deals with pressure losses. The "porous zone" approach is used as a replacement for the heat exchanger surface. In the second part, the heat transfer by convection and conduction through the heat exchanger is replaced by the "Heat Exchanger" module. The third part examines the influence of material properties, heat source and fixed temperatures on incident radiation. All calculations resulting from the methods are performed using a script that prepares the output data in format suitable for insertion into ANSYS Fluent. A simplification, which faithfully replaces a fully modeled heat exchanger, has been found in all three parts of the thesis.
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Chaparro, Mendivelso Hooz Angela. "Impacts of climate and drought on tree radial growth in Neotropical dry forests: Scaling up from short to long time-scales = Impactos del clima y las sequías en el crecimiento radial de los árboles en los bosques secos Neotropicales: Evaluación de sus efectos a diferentes escalas temporales." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402722.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis analyzed the dynamics of tree radial growth at different time-scales in relation to climate and drought in two tropical dry forests (TDFs) from Colombia (Tuluá) and Bolivia (INPA). The specific objectives were: (i) To assess intra-annual patterns of radial growth (radial- increment dynamics and xylogenesis) in ten coexisting tree species from Tuluá and INPA and determine their relationship with climate and leaf phenology. (ii) To analyze the effects of climate and drought on long-term radial growth at different time-scales using dendrochronology in seven coexisting deciduous tree species from INPA. (iii) To evaluate the long-term radial growth responses to changes in climate water balance and determine their relationship with sapwood density in seven coexisting deciduous tree species from INPA.
At intra-annual scales it was found that: (i) cambium reactivation and xylem growth of tree species occurred during the wet season, reflecting the influence of high precipitation and a positive water balance on the development of new xylem cells. (ii) In the semi-deciduous tree species from Tuluá the xylem growth period overlapped with the wet season, whereas, in the deciduous tree species from INPA, the growth period started at the mid wet season, when the tree crowns were fully developed. (iii) Temperature, as a determinant factor in the hourly fluctuations of both the vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and the evapotranspiration rate, could exert a huge influence on tree radial growth dynamics during the growing season. In Tuluá, the growing season was particularly associated with low temperatures and hence low VPD, while in INPA the growing season was related to high temperatures and VPD. Nevertheless, the high temperatures registered throughout the day at both TDFs negatively affected radial increment at hourly scales. Tree species could face the adverse dry conditions by restricting growth to periods of the day when temperatures are low. (iv) Stem shrinkage and swelling occurred at hourly to daily scales in all tree species, and most INPA tree species registered strong reversible shrinkage at monthly scales. Particularly, the climate controls on radial-increment dynamics varied between daily and monthly scales. At daily scales, there was a positive effect of high precipitation and positive water balance and a negative effect of VPD on the increment phase, while at monthly scales the precipitation was the main variable affecting radial increment positively.
At inter-annual scales it was found that: (i) The tree radial growth showed a positive relationship with precipitation and climate water balance and a negative association with temperature, indicating that the tree species studied share high common growth variability in response to local climate. Nevertheless, the strongest response of growth to climate was species-specific, indicating that there was a differential sensitivity among tree species to these climate variables. (ii) The radial growth of all tree species responded positively to water balance during the wet season, but such responses differed among species as a function of their stem sapwood density. Specifically, sapwood density was negatively related to growth variability explained by water balance. Tree species with low-density wood and high production of sapwood were the most sensitive to water balance, whereas species with the opposite characteristics were the least sensitive ones. (iii) Tree species tolerated short-term droughts while they were particularly sensitive to long-lasting droughts. This indicates that tree species from the INPA site are predominantly sensitive in terms of growth reduction to long-lasting droughts. The most temperature-sensitive tree species, also showed the highest growth sensitivity to long-lasting droughts. In contrast, growth of the tree species with the lowest sensitivity to water balance, did not respond to long-term drought variability.Esta tesis evaluó la dinámica del crecimiento radial a diferentes escalas temporales y determinó su relación con el clima y la sequía en dos bosques secos tropicales de Colombia (Tuluá) y Bolivia (INPA). A escalas intra-anuales se encontró que: (i) la reactivación del cambium y el crecimiento del xilema ocurre durante la época húmeda del año en ambos bosques. Esto refleja la influencia de las altas precipitaciones y los valores positivos del balance hídrico atmosférico en el desarrollo de las nuevas células del xilema. (ii) El período de crecimiento en Tuluá estuvo asociado a temperaturas bajas y, por ende, a un déficit de presión del vapor (DPV) bajo, mientras que en INPA la estación de crecimiento estuvo asociada a valores altos de temperatura y DPV. Sin embargo, en ambos sitios de estudio, las temperaturas altas registradas a lo largo del día afectaron negativamente el incremento radial a escalas horarias. Las especies pueden hacer frente a estas condiciones adversas, por ejemplo, restringiendo el crecimiento a períodos del día que registren temperaturas bajas, ya que la pérdida de agua asociada a la evapotranspiración también sería baja. A escalas inter-anuales se determinó que: (i) el crecimiento radial de todas las especies de INPA presentó una asociación positiva con la precipitación y el balance hídrico atmosférico y una relación negativa con la temperatura. Esto indica que todas las especies comparten una señal común de la variabilidad del crecimiento en respuesta al clima local. No obstante, la fuerza de la respuesta fue especie-específica. Esto indica que existe una sensibilidad diferencial entre las especies al clima. (ii) El crecimiento radial de todas las especies de INPA respondió positivamente al balance hídrico atmosférico durante la estación húmeda, pero esa respuesta fue diferente entre las especies en función de la densidad de la albura. La densidad de la albura fue negativamente relacionada a la variabilidad del crecimiento explicada por el balance hídrico. (iv) Las especies de INPA fueron resilientes a las sequías de corto plazo (estación seca anual), mientras que el crecimiento fue particularmente sensible a las sequías de larga duración (sequías multi-anuales), excepto en las especies con alta densidad de la albura.
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Gomero, Caldas Helen Anali. "La minería ilegal en los medios de comunicación nacionales y regionales : Un análisis comparativo de la cobertura radial del programa Ampliación de Noticias, de Radio Programas del Perú, y del Primero de la Región, de Radio madre de Dios, durante la paralización de Madre de Dios en el 2015." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/12778.
Full textAbstract:
La presente investigación busca contribuir al encausamiento de la lucha contra la
minería ilegal permitiendo ver cómo se viene desarrollando mediáticamente e impactando
en la revalorización e integración de la región de Madre de Dios y en su población.
Este trabajo aborda las relaciones de influencias que existen entre los medios de
comunicación y sus audiencias durante un conflicto social y se centra en los discursos
sociales que se construyen y con los que se incide en el debate público. El estudio se
realiza a través de un comparativo entre la cobertura radial de un medio de alcance nacional
y otro regional.
Aplicando la técnica de análisis de contenido se describe la manera cómo se visibiliza el
conflicto y tomando como referencia la teoría del framing se analizan los discursos sociales
construidos durante la paralización del 2015 en Madre de Dios, encuadres que
determinaron el curso del conflicto.
Los resultados muestran las diversas perspectivas y argumentos que emplearon los medios
radiales para debatir el conflicto así como los estereotipos bajo los que colocaron la
paralización en la agenda pública nacional. Desde una perspectiva teórica, recoge las
diversas maneras que tienen las radios educativas y comerciales de relacionarse con sus
audiencias así como de priorizar sus agendas.Tesis
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Pinedo, Gil Netter. "La influencia del programa radial de la maestría en gerencia social “espacio de gestión” en la agenda pública a través de la concertación, debate y generación de propuestas en temas de gerencia social durante los años 2014-2015." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/9686.
Full textAbstract:
La presente, es una investigación sobre la importancia de establecer un vínculo
entre la Universidad y nuestro país a través de la influencia de un medio de
comunicación en la agenda pública. Para ello, hemos tomado el caso de la
experiencia del programa radial de la Maestría en Gerencia Social “Espacio de
Gestión” (antes “Espacio Potencial”) de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del
Perú.
El objetivo general de la presente investigación es conocer cómo influyó el
programa radial de la Maestría en Gerencia Social en la agenda pública, durante
los años 2014-2015, analizando la percepción y el aporte a través de la
concertación, debate y generación de propuestas sobre temas de gerencia
social, para fortalecer el desarrollo del programa.
Asimismo, determinar en qué medida el programa radial de la Maestría en
Gerencia Social está cubriendo las expectativas de los oyentes y cumpliendo con
los objetivos institucionales de la Maestría.
Se tomó como unidad de análisis a los alumnos, egresados y docentes, el área
de producción y la coordinación de la Maestría en Gerencia Social, así como el
programa radial. El desarrollo de la investigación consistió en recurrir a técnicas
cualitativas. Se aplicaron en total 30 entrevistas en profundidad.
La investigación nos permitió conocer y analizar la importancia de un medio de
comunicación para el desarrollo como la radio, generando el debate sobre la
agenda pública desde el enfoque de la Gerencia social y la política social, así
como visibilizando la postura de la Maestría en temas de actualidad o coyuntura
social.
A partir del estudio del espacio radial de la Maestría se han precisado
propuestas para la mejora de sus contenidos en la producción, concertación y
posicionamiento del programa y de esta forma se siga potenciando su diseño,
ejecución al aire y la sostenibilidad como un programa inédito y pionero de
aporte al desarrollo al país.
Por eso, se presenta la propuesta lineamientos de fortalecimiento
comunicacional para el programa radial “Espacio de Gestión” cuyas acciones servirán como herramientas para fortalecer el impacto del programa y el
alcance de mejores resultados para su público oyente.
Además, la investigación plantea un aporte al estudio de la gerencia social a
través del uso de la radio como espacio mediático donde se debaten y analizan
la política y los programas sociales desde la experiencia académica y profesional
y cómo ésta puede contribuir a la mejora de la toma de decisiones para construir
un mejor país.The present, is an investigation on the importance of establishing a link between the University and our country through the influence of a means of communication in the public agenda and for this we have taken the case of the experience of the radio program of the Master in Social Management "Management Space" (formerly "Potential Space") of the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. The main objective of the present research is to understand how the radio program of the Master in Social Management influences in the public agenda, during the years 2014-2015, analyzing the perception and the contribution through the conciliation, debate and generation of proposals on Topics of social management, in order to strengthen the development of the program. Similarly, determine to what extent the radio program of the Master in Social Management is covering the expectations of the listeners and fulfilling the institutional objectives of the Master. The unit of analysis was taken to students, graduates and teachers, the area of production and coordination of the Master in Social Management, as well as the radio program. The development of the research consisted in using qualitative techniques. A total of 30 in-depth interviews were applied. The research allowed us to know and analyze the importance of a means of communication for development such as radio, generating debate on the public agenda from the approach of social management and social policy, as well as making visible the position of the Master in subjects of current or social situation. From the study of the radial space of the Master's Degree, proposals have been made for the improvement of its contents in the production, coordination and positioning of the program and, in this way, its design, execution in the air and sustainability continue to be promoted as an unpublished program. A pioneer of development contribution to the country. For this reason, the proposal proposes guidelines for communicational strengthening for the radio program "Espacio de Gestión", whose actions will serve as tools to strengthen the impact of the program and the achievement of better results for its public listener. The research proposes a contribution to the study of social management through the use of radio as a media space where the politics and social programs are discussed and analyzed from the academic and professional experience and how this can contribute to the improvement of decision making to build a better country.
Tesis
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Jenkins, Sommer. "Ecophysiological principles governing the zonation of puccinellia (Puccinellia ciliata) and tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum) on saline waterlogged land in south-western Australia." University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0133.
Full textAbstract:
Puccinellia (puccinellia ciliata) and tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum) often show ecological zonation in saline landscapes, with puccinellia occurring in less elevated more saline/waterlogged locations, and tall wheatgrass occurring in more elevated less saline/waterlogged locations. The aims of this study were to: (a) characterize the observed ecological zonation at a field site, (b) quantify the effects of variables likely to explain growth differences of the two plants in glasshouse experiments, and (c) identify and compare anatomical and physiological mechanisms that explain these zonation patterns. At an experiment in the field near Kojonup (0522824E, 6244579N), puccinellia was found to colonise the lower more severely salinised and waterlogged zones of the landscape, with tall wheatgrass occupying the higher less affected zones. These differences in zonation were clearly associated with variance in soil salinity and water-table depth. Glasshouse experiments in soil revealed that low pH values, low calcium concentrations and variation in salinity alone did not explain the ecological zonation observed in the field. However, there was a substantial difference in the responses of the two plant species to waterlogging in combination with salinity. Puccinellia grew better under saline waterlogged conditions than tall wheatgrass, which was associated with better regulation of Na+ and K+ under saline/waterlogged conditions than in tall wheatgrass. Under non-saline conditions, waterlogging (hypoxia) decreased shoot weights in puccinellia by 15% and in tall wheatgrass by 20%. Similar growth results were obtained in nutrient solution culture, where waterlogging was simulated by lowering the oxygen in solutions through bubbling with N2 gas. Under saline hypoxic conditions, puccinellia, compared to tall wheatgrass, showed increased growth and maintenance of selectivity of K+ over Na+ across adventitious roots. Solution experiments revealed adaptive traits responsible for conveying better growth and ion maintenance present in puccinellia, but not tall wheatgrass, such as inducement of a barrier to radial oxygen loss in the basal regions of adventitious roots (not previously reported in the literature for puccinellia), formation of root aerenchyma and packing of cortical cells and suberin deposition in hypodermal and endodermal root cell layers. These results should assist in targeting pasture species, and predicting their growth response, in saline and waterlogged landscapes. Further work on examining the genetic material of puccinellia is warranted in order to identify genes that could be transferred into crop plants to convey salt and waterlogging tolerance.
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Sharma, Prashant Kumar. "Optimal Location of Distributed Generation to Reduce Loss in Radial Distribution Networks." Thesis, 2015. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/2005/3772.
Full textAbstract:
Power losses are always a cause of worry for any power grid. In India, the situation is even worse. Though recent reports by Ministry of Power shows that Aggregate Technical and Commercial losses (AT &C losses) have come down from 36.64% in 2002-03 to 27% in 2011-12, yet they are much higher than the losses seen in many of the developed nations. The reduction shown in power loss is because of the Electricity Act, 2003 and the amendments made to it in 2007 which controlled the commercial losses rather than the technical losses.
According to Ministry of Power, technical losses (Transmission & Distribution losses or T&D losses) in India are reported to be 23.65% in 2011-12. However, according to the study done by EPRI, for systems deployed in developed countries, these losses are estimated to be in the range of 7-15.5%. T & D losses occur in four system components namely step-up transformers and high voltage transmission (0.5-1%), step down to in intermediate voltage, transmission and step down to sub transmission voltage level (1.5-3%), sub-transmission system and step down to low voltage for distribution (2-4.5%), and distribution lines (3-7%). 1% of power loss is approximately equivalent to annual loss of Rs 600 million for a single state. Hence, in a year, loss in distribution line alone causes approximate loss of Rs 1.8-4.2 billion per state. Understanding and reducing power losses in distribution lines which contribute nearly 50% of the total T&D losses assume significance and has formed the motivation for the work reported in the thesis.
In recent years, the trend has been to encourage users to generate solar power predominantly at residential complexes and captive power plants at industrial complexes. It has been suggested in the literature that Distributed Generation (DG) can not only reduce the load demanded from the power grid but also the power loss. In this thesis, it has been shown that by the choice of proper size and location of DG, the power loss can be reduced substantially as compared to unplanned deployment of DGs. The objective of the thesis is to design strategy for location of distributed user generated power to maximize the reduction in power loss.
The thesis begins with a study of distributed generation in primary distribution networks and proceeds to problem formulation, with the aim being to develop an algorithm that can find out the optimal locations for DG allocation in a network. A greedy approximation algorithm, named OPLODER (i.e. Optimal Locations for Distributed Energy Resources), is proposed for the same
and its performance on a benchmark data set is observed, which is found to be satisfactory. The thesis then moves on to describe the actual data of 101,881 commercial, residential and industrial consumers of Bangalore metropolitan area. A loss model is discussed and is used to calculate the line losses in LV part of the grid and loss is estimated for the said actual data. The detailed analysis of the losses in the distribution network shows that in most cases the losses are correlated with the sanctioned load. However there are also some outliers indicating otherwise. The analysis concludes that the distributed generated sources need to be optimally located in order to benefit fully. Also presented thereafter is a study about the impact of electrical properties and the structure of the network on power loss.
In the second part of the thesis, OPLODER was again used to process the BESCOM data of 101,881 consumers by modeling them to be connected in three topologies namely Bus (i.e. linear structure), Star (i.e. directly connected) and Hybrid (i.e. tree structure). In case of Bus topology, when DG capacity available is 5% of the demand in substation, OPLODER reduced the loss from 14.65% to 10.75%, from 11.63% to 7.71% and from 13.33% to 9.24% for IISc, Brindavan, and Gokula substations respectively. Similarly, for the same amount of DG in case of star topology, OPLODER reduced loss from 1.75% to 1.26%, from 3.39% to 2.59% and from 2.96% to 1.99% for IISc, Brindavan, and Gokula substations respectively.
Thereafter, the available real world data is re-modeled as a tree-type structure which is closer to the real world distribution network and OPLODER is run on it. The results obtained are similar to those presented above and are highly encouraging. When applied to the three substations viz. IISc, Brindavan and Gokula, the power loss dips from 9.95% to 7.42%, from 6.01% to 4.44% and from 8.07% to 5.95%, in case of DG used is 5% of the demand in substation.
For the optimal strategies worked out in the thesis, additional overheads will be present. These overheads are studied and it has been found that the present infrastructure and technologies will be sufficient to handle the smart distribution network and the optimal strategy for distributed sources.
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Mallan, Robert Keays. "Interpretation of multi-component induction and sonic measurements acquired in high-angle wells and joint 1D radial inversion of resistivity and sonic logs." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-05-1480.
Full textAbstract:
Multi-component induction resistivity and sonic measurements acquired in high-angle wells can be strongly influenced by shoulder-bed effects, anisotropy resulting from sand-shale laminations, and presence of mud-filtrate invasion. Understanding the corresponding biasing effects aids in the interpretation of resistivity and sonic measurements and subsequently leads to more accurate and reliable formation evaluation.
This dissertation describes numerical simulation studies examining the effects on multi-component induction and sonic measurements in a variety of complex formation models. Subsequently, a joint inversion scheme is presented that combines resistivity and sonic measurements to estimate in situ petrophysical and elastic properties in the presence of mud-filtrate invasion.
To facilitate the simulation study of multi-component induction logs, I develop a new finite-difference algorithm for the numerical simulation of frequency-domain electromagnetic borehole measurements. The algorithm~uses a coupled scalar-vector potential formulation for arbitrary three-dimensional inhomogeneous and electrically anisotropic media. Simulations show that shoulder-bed anisotropy: enhances shoulder-bed effects across sand layers; and impacts invasion sensitivities to significantly alter the assessment of invasion in terms of invaded- and virgin-zone resistivities, radial length, and front shape.
For the simulation study of sonic logs, I develop a three-dimensional, finite-difference time-domain algorithm that models elastic wave propagation in a fluid-filled borehole. Simulations show that presence of anisotropy not only alters the degree of dispersion observed in flexural and Stoneley waves, but also alters their responses to invasion. In addition, presence of a dipping shoulder bed can significantly distort flexural dispersion, making it difficult to identify the low frequency asymptote corresponding to formation shear wave velocity.
Lastly, I consider a radial one-dimensional model in the development of a joint resistivity and sonic inversion algorithm. This scheme simultaneously inverts array-induction apparent conductivities and sonic flexural and Stoneley dispersions for the rock's elastic moduli and water saturation in the presence of mud-filtrate invasion. Inversions are performed on numerically simulated data for a variety of models reflecting soft and hard rock formations with presence of water- and oil-based mud-filtrate invasion. Results show the estimated invasion profiles display excellent agreement with the true models, and the elastic moduli are estimated to within a few percent of the true values.text
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Singh, Pradeep Kumar. "Electron microscopic studies of low-k inter-metal dielectrics." Doctoral thesis, 2013. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A20114.
Full textAbstract:
Die fortwährende Verkleinerung der Strukturbreiten in der Mikroelektronik erfordert es, herkömmliche SiO2 Dielektrika durch Materialien mit kleinerer Dielektrizitätskonstante zu ersetzen. Dafür sind verschiedene „low-k Materialien“ entwickelt worden. Unter diesen sind die Organosilikatgläser, die aus SiO2 Netzwerken mit eingelagerten Methylgruppen bestehen wegen ihrer ausgezeichneten Eigenschaften besonders interessant als Dielektrika zwischen metallischen Leiterbahnen. In dieser Arbeit sind fünf verschiedene dieser „low-k Materialien“ untersucht worden: ein dichtes und vier poröse Materialien, die alle durch plasmagestützte chemische Gasphasenabscheidung hergestellt wurden. Die strukturellen, chemischen und dielektrischen Eigenschaften der Materialien wurden mit Hilfe der analytischen Durchstrahlungselektronenmikroskopie unter Verwendung eines abbildenden GATAN-Energiespektrometers untersucht.
Die Bestimmung der radialen Verteilungsfunktion (RDF) zur Charakterisierung der atomaren Nahordnung ermöglicht uns die Ermittlung mittlerer Bindungslängen und – winkel sowie der mikroskopischen Dichte des Materials. Gegenüber SiO2 wurden in den untersuchten „low-k Materialien“ stark veränderte mittlere Si-O, O-O und Si-Si Bindungslängen gefunden. Dieses wirkt sich natürlich auch auf die mittleren Si-O-Si bzw. O-Si-O Bindungswinkel aus, und wie erwartet war auch die mikroskopische Dichte der „low-k Materialien“ kleiner als die Dichte des SiO2.
Elektronen Energieverlustspektroskopie (EELS) und Photoelektronenspektroskopie (XPS) wurden zur Charakterisierung der chemischen Umgebung der Atome in den „low-k Materialien“ herangezogen. Die Energien von Ionisationskanten und die Bindungsenergien der Silizium-2p und Sauerstoff-1s Elektronen waren in den „low-k Materialien“ größer als im SiO2. Die Kohlenstoffatome kamen in den „low-k Materialien“ sowohl sp2 als auch sp3 hybridisiert vor. sp2-Hybridisierung liegt vor, wenn Bindungen wie Si=CH2 und C=C im Netzwerk vorkommen, während sp3 Hybridisierung z.B. dann vorkommt, wenn freie Si-Bindungen durch –CH3 Gruppen abgesättigt werden. Die Anteile an sp2- bzw. sp3-hybridisierten Kohlenstoffatome wurden aus der Feinstruktur der K-Energieverlustkanten des Kohlenstoffs abgeschätzt. Das ergab, daß die meisten Kohlenstoffatome in den „low-k Materialien“ sp2-hybridisiert sind.
Die dielektrischen Eigenschaften wurden durch Kramers-Kronig-Transformation einer Energieverlustfunktion ermittelt, die aus dem Niedrigverlust-EELS-Spektrum im Bereich der Plasmonenanregungen gewonnen wurde. Die Bandlücke des SiO2 beträgt ungefähr 9 eV während dichte „low-k Materialien“ aufgrund der Unregelmäßigkeiten in ihrem SiO2-Netzwerk zusätzliche Zustandsdichten innerhalb der Bandlücke aufweisen. Die Erzeugung von Poren im „low-k Material“ vermindert offenbar die Zustandsdichte im Bereich der Bandlücke und erweitert diese im Vergleich zum SiO2. Eine Modellrechnung mit der Dichtefunktionaltheorie für ein Strukturmodell, das den „low-k Materialien“ nahe kommt, ist zum Vergleich mit der experimentell gefundenen kombinierten Zustandsdichte herangezogen worden und zeigt eine gute Übereinstimmung. Die im Standard-Herstellungsprozeß vorkommenden Verfahren des Plasmaätzens und der Plasmaveraschung können die Struktur des „low-k Materials“ z.B. an den Seitenwänden von Ätzgräben verändern. Die gestörten Bereiche wurden mit der energiegefilterten Elektronenmikroskopie untersucht. Dabei wurde gefunden, daß sich die Strukturveränderungen der Seitenwände bis zu einer Tiefe in der Größenordnung von ungefähr 10 Nanometern erstrecken. Diese Bereiche sind verarmt an Kohlenstoff und ähneln folglich mehr einem SiO2-Dielektrikum. Die Kohlenstoffverarmung erstreckt sich in die „low-k Schicht“ in Form eines gaussartigen Profils mit maximaler Kohlenstoffkonzentration in der Mitte der Schicht. Die Sauerstoffkonzentration und die mikroskopische Dichte steigen in der Nähe der Seitenwände.:TABLES OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES IX
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Motivation 1
1.2 Low-k dielectric material trends 2
1.3 Required properties of low-k dielectric materials 7
1.4 Technical issues of low-k dielectric materials 7
1.5 Research objectives 8
2 EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES 10
2.1 Transmission electron microscopy 10
2.2 Interaction of fast electrons with a solid specimen 11
2.3 Electron energy-loss spectroscopy 16
2.4 Elemental quantification 19
3 RADIAL DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION 21
3.1 Introduction 21
3.2 Physical aspects of an electron diffraction experiment 22
3.3 Merits and demerits of electron diffraction analysis 24
3.4 Results and Discussion 25
3.5 Conclusion 33
4 CHEMICAL STATE ANALYSIS OF LOW-K DIELECTRIC MATERIALS: AN EELS AND XPS STUDY 34
4.1 EELS analysis 34
4.2 Spectra post-acquisition processing 35
4.3 XPS analysis 37
4.4 Results and Discussion 39
4.5 Conclusion 48
5 DIELECTRIC RESPONSE OF LOW-K DIELECTRIC MATERIALS 49
5.1 Introduction 49
5.2 Exact determination of the loss-function 49
5.3 Fourier-log deconvolution 50
5.4 Kramers-Kronig analysis 51
5.5 Model fitting of dielectric functions: Lorentz oscillator model 52
5.6 Data processing 54
5.7 Results and Discussion 54
5.8 Conclusion 65
6 SIDE-WALL DAMAGE ANALYSIS 66
6.1 Introduction 66
6.2 Energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) 67
6.3 Merits of EFTEM 69
6.4 Results and Discussion 70
7 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS FOR THE FUTURE WORK 88
7.1 Summary 88
7.2 Conclusion 89
7.3 Suggestions for the future work 90
8 REFERENCES 92
9 APPENDIX 100
9.1 Appendix A: Script for normalization of loss function. 100
9.2 Appendix B: Kramers-Kronig analysis script 101
9.3 Appendix C: Sum rule for verification of Kramers-Kronig relation 102
9.4 Appendix D: Lorentz oscillator model 103
9.5 Appendix E: EFTEM image spectrum script 104
10 SELBSTÄNDIGKEITSERKLÄRUNG 108
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Deekshit, Ravishankar. "Techniques For Planning And Operation Of Distribution Systems." Thesis, 2005. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/1507.
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