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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Long-haul optical transmission

Academic literature on the topic 'Long-haul optical transmission'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 23 June 2022

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Contents

Journal articles
Dissertations / Theses
Books
Book chapters
Conference papers
Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Long-haul optical transmission":

1

Watanabe, Shigeki, Shinichi Kaneko, and Terumi Chikama. "Long-Haul Fiber Transmission Using Optical Phase Conjugation." Optical Fiber Technology 2, no. 2 (April 1996): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ofte.1996.0018.

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MORITA, Itsuro, Sander JANSEN, Hidenori TAKAHASHI, Abdullah Al AMIN, and Hideaki TANAKA. "Optical OFDM for High-Speed Long-Haul Transmission Systems." Review of Laser Engineering 37, no. 3 (2009): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.37.182.

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Jansen, S. L., D. van den Borne, P. M. Krummrich, S. Spalter, G. D. Khoe, and H. de Waardt. "Long-haul DWDM transmission systems employing optical phase conjugation." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 12, no. 4 (July 2006): 505–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstqe.2006.876621.

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Park, Y. K., and S. W. Granlund. "Optical Preamplifier Receivers: Application to Long-Haul Digital Transmission." Optical Fiber Technology 1, no. 1 (October 1994): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ofte.1994.1006.

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Huszaník, Tomáš, Ján Turán, and Ľuboš Ovseník. "Realization of a Long-haul Optical Link with Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier." Carpathian Journal of Electronic and Computer Engineering 11, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cjece-2018-0018.

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Abstract The need for high capacity and bandwidth in broadband communication systems increased rapidly in a few past years. Optical fiber is now the major transmission medium for fast and reliable communication replacing the old copper-based connections. However, with the deployment of optical networks, number of problems arise. The main problem of optical networks is the amplification in the long-distance transmission. Erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is the leading technology in the field of optical amplifiers. It uses erbium doped fiber to amplify optical signal. The importance of amplification in optical domain is relevant in long-haul and high-speed transmission systems. In this paper the study of the EDFA is presented. Based on an analytical study, the simulation model of the EDFA is created. The main aim is to determine the optimal parameters of the EDFA for a long-haul 16-channel DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) system. The performance of the proposed DWDM system is mathematically analyzed using BER (Bit Error Rate) and Q factor.

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KAUR, GURMEET, M. L. SINGH, and M. S. PATTERH. "INVESTIGATIONS OF FIBER NONLINEARITIES IN LONG-HAUL OPTICAL WDM TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 18, no. 02 (June 2009): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863509004567.

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Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) has been emerging as an effective technique for making use of the full bandwidth offered by optical fiber. To achieve long-haul transmission, erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) are employed to compensate for signal attenuation without using optoelectronic/electro-optic conversions. Transmission in these systems is limited by fiber nonlinearities and amplified spontaneous emission noise from amplifiers. In this paper, the long-haul optical WDM system with EDFAs is investigated theoretically. The noise and bit error rate (BER) characteristics of the system with optical amplifiers are calculated and the dependence of the BER on interamplifier separation and input power is shown.

7

Fan, Sujie, Hui Wang, Yan Li, Wentao Du, Xin Zhang, Jian Wu, and Jintong Lin. "Optimal 16-Ary APSK Encoded Coherent Optical OFDM for Long-Haul Transmission." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 25, no. 13 (July 2013): 1199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2013.2262042.

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Qin, Cui, Xiangrong Ma, Tao Hua, Jing Zhao, Huilong Yu, and Jian Zhang. "Golay sequences coded coherent optical OFDM for long-haul transmission." Optics Communications 399 (September 2017): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2017.04.030.

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YANG, Qi, and ShaoHua YU. "Tb/s ultra long haul transmission of coherent optical OFDM." Chinese Science Bulletin 59, no. 16 (May 1, 2014): 1497–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/972013-216.

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Djordjevic, I. B., B. Vasic, M. Ivkovic, and I. Gabitov. "Achievable information rates for high-speed long-haul optical transmission." Journal of Lightwave Technology 23, no. 11 (November 2005): 3755–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2005.857751.

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More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Long-haul optical transmission":

1

Widdowson, Terence. "Ultra-long haul optical fibre transmission systems." Thesis, Aston University, 1995. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/8093/.

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This thesis examines experimentally options for optical fibre transmission over oceanic distances. Its format follows the chronological evolution of ultra-long haul optical systems, commencing with opto-electronic regenerators as repeaters, progressing to optically amplified NRZ systems and finally solitonic propagation. In each case recirculating loop techniques are deployed to simplify the transmission experiments. Advances in high speed electronics have allowed regenerators operating at 10 Gbit/s to become a practical reality. By augmenting such devices with optical amplifiers it is possible to greatly enhance the repeater spacing. Work detailed in this thesis has culminated in the propagation of 10 Gbit/s data over 400,000 km with a repeater spacing of 160 km. System reliability and robustness are enhanced by the use of a directly modulated DFB laser transmitter and total insensitivity of the system to the signal state of polarisation. Optically amplified ultra-long haul NRZ systems have taken on particular importance with the impending deployment of TAT 12/13 and TPC 5. The performance of these systems is demonstrated to be primarily limited by analogue impairments such as the accumulation of amplifier noise, polarisation effects and optical non-linearities. These degradations may be reduced by the use of appropriate dispersion maps and by scrambling the transmitted state of signal polarisation. A novel high speed optically passive polarisation scrambler is detailed for the first time. At bit rates in excess of 10 Gbit/s it is shown that these systems are severely limited and do not offer the advantages that might be expected over regenerated links. Propagation using solitons as the data bits appears particularly attractive since the dispersive and non-linear effects of the fibre allow distortion free transmission. However, the generation of pure solitons is difficult but must be achieved if the uncontrolled transmission distance is to be maximised

2

Karaki, Julie. "100 Gbps coherent MB-OFDM for long-haul WDM optical transmission." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0019/document.

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Aujourd'hui, le format « Quadrature Phase Shift Keying » avec multiplexage de polarisation (DP-QPSK) opérant à 100 Gbps est devenue un standard pour la transmission WDM longue distance. Une alternative au format DP-QPSK permettant d’atteindre des débits de 100 Gbps et plus (400 G & 1Tbps) est l’ « Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing » (OFDM). Mais, des interrogations subsistent quant à sa robustesse aux effets non linéaires. Dans cette thèse nous avons étudié le potentiel de la technologie OFDM pour la transmission WDM longue distance à 100 Gbps. Le traitement du signal est détaillé ainsi que la mise en œuvre du transmetteur et récepteur OFDM cohérent. Nous présentons aussi les résultats expérimentaux de la transmission obtenus dans plusieurs configurations. Dans l’une de ces configurations, le canal modulé avec le format DP-OFDM coherent (Co-DP-OFDM) est multiplexé avec 40 canaux modulés en DP-QPSK à 100 Gbps. Les canaux ont ensuite été transmis sur 1000 km de fibre G.652 sans gestion de dispersion chromatique. Dans une autre configuration, les canaux Co-DP-OFDM et Co-DP-QPSK sont combinés avec 78 canaux 10 Gbps NRZ-OOK et transmis sur 1000 km de fibre G.652 avec gestion de dispersion. Nous avons montré que le Co-DP-OFDM et Co-DP-QPSK ont des performances similaires après une transmission de 1000 km sur une ligne sans gestion de dispersion, et nous avons aussi montré que la transmission de ces formats sur une infrastructure de fibre deployée est possible à condition de réduire de 5 dB la puissance des canaux 10 Gbps NRZ-OOK par rapport aux canaux à100 Gbps. Ces résultats sont précieux pour la prochaine génération de systèmes WDM à 400 Gbps ou 1 Tbps
Today the 100 Gbps coherent dual polarization quadrature phase shift keying (Co-DP-QPSK) is standardized as the industrial solution for long-haul WDM transmission. Another alternative format to DP-QPSK that permits also to reach a data rate of 100 Gbps and beyond is the coherent orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) format. However a doubt exists over the ability of OFDM to be as efficient as QPSK for long-haul WDM transmission due to its supposed higher sensitivity to nonlinear effects . In this thesis, we have investigated the potential of Co-DP-OFDM for 100 Gbps WDM transport. The digital signal processing algorithms are detailed as well as the various experimental set-ups required to carry out and validate the 100 Gbps transceiver. We also present the transmission results obtained with several configurations. In one of these configurations, the 100 Gbps Co-DP-OFDM channel is multiplexed with forty 100 Gbps DP-QPSK channels and all these channels are transmitted over 1000 km of DCF-free G.652 fiber, while in another configuration, the Co-DP-OFDM and Co-DP-QPSK channels are combined with seventy eight 10 Gbps NRZ-OOK channels and transmitted over 1000 km of dispersion managed G.652 fiber line. We have demonstrated that OFDM and QPSK have nearly the same performance after a transmission over 1000 km, and also we have demonstrated that the transmission of these two formats over legacy fiber infrastructure is possible under the condition of decreasing by 5 dB the 10 Gbps NRZ-OOK channel power with respect to the 100 Gbps channels. The results presented in this thesis are very valuable when considering the next generation of 400 Gbps or 1 Tbps for WDM systems

3

Ma, Xiaobing. "Analysis and simulation of the Kerr effect in long haul in-line fiber amplifier transmission systems." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-171804/.

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4

Altuncu, Ahmet. "Distributed erbium doped fibre amplifiers (DEDFAs) for use in long haul and high bit rate soliton transmission systems." Thesis, University of Essex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388156.

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5

Inan, Beril [Verfasser]. "Applications of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing for Long-Haul Optical Transmission Systems / Beril Inan." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1059329670/34.

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6

Adhikari, Susmita [Verfasser]. "Investigation of Coherent Optical OFDM Systems and Algorithms for Long-haul Transmission / Susmita Adhikari." Aachen : Shaker, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1120863597/34.

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Jarajreh, Mutsam Abdel-karim. "Coherent optical OFDM modem employing artificial neural networks for dispersion and nonlinearity compensation in a long-haul transmission system." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2012. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/9596/.

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In order to satisfy the ever increasing demand for the bandwidth requirement in broadband services the optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OOFDM) scheme is being considered as a promising technique for future high-capacity optical networks. The aim of this thesis is to investigate, theoretically, the feasibility of implementing the coherent optical OFDM (CO-OOFDM) technique in long haul transmission networks. For CO-OOFDM and Fast-OFDM systems a set of modulation formats dependent analogue to digital converter (ADC) clipping ratio and the quantization bit have been identified, moreover, CO-OOFDM is more resilient to the chromatic dispersion (CD) when compared to the bandwidth efficient Fast-OFDM scheme. For CO-OOFDM systems numerical simulations are undertaken to investigate the effect of the number of sub-carriers, the cyclic prefix (CP), and ADC associated parameters such as the sampling speed, the clipping ratio, and the quantisation bit on the system performance over single mode fibre (SMF) links for data rates up to 80 Gb/s. The use of a large number of sub-carriers is more effective in combating the fibre CD compared to employing a long CP. Moreover, in the presence of fibre non-linearities identifying the optimum number of sub-carriers is a crucial factor in determining the modem performance. For a range of signal data rates up to 40 Gb/s, a set of data rate and transmission distance-dependent optimum ADC parameters are identified in this work. These parameters give rise to a negligible clipping and quantisation noise, moreover, ADC sampling speed can increase the dispersion tolerance while transmitting over SMF links. In addition, simulation results show that the use of adaptive modulation schemes improves the spectrum usage efficiency, thus resulting in higher tolerance to the CD when compared to the case where identical modulation formats are adopted across all sub-carriers. For a given transmission distance utilizing an artificial neural networks (ANN) equalizer improves the system bit error rate (BER) performance by a factor of 50% and 70%, respectively when considering SMF firstly CD and secondly nonlinear effects with CD. Moreover, for a fixed BER of 10-3 utilizing ANN increases the transmission distance by 1.87 times and 2 times, respectively while considering SMF CD and nonlinear effects. The proposed ANN equalizer performs more efficiently in combating SMF non-linearities than the previously published Kerr nonlinearity electrical compensation technique by a factor of 7.

8

Song, Mengdi. "Transmission WDM à 400 Gbps et au-delà au moyen de modulations multi-bandes OFDM & Nyquist-WDM." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0059.

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Avec une croissance soutenue de trafic internet, les futurs systèmes de transmission optique longue-distance vont évoluer vers plus de capacité et d’avantage de flexibilité. Dans ce manuscrit, nous étudions le potentiel des formats OFDM multi-bandes, qui sont une alternative crédible aux solutions industrielles de type mono-porteuse pour les futures générations de systèmes au-delà de 100 Gbps. Nous commençons par une rapide présentation des systèmes de transmission longue distance et des techniques de traitement numérique d’un signal OFDM, suivie par une description de l’implémentation expérimentale d’un signal 16QAM-OFDM ainsi que des performances obtenue en transmission. Les contraintes d’implémentation d’un signal 16QAM-OFDM liées aux imperfections matériel ont été analysées. Les performances en transmission de l’OFDM ont été comparées avec celle du Nyquist-WDM. Par la suite, dans le contexte de superchannel et de réseaux optiques flexibles, nous avons réalisé une démonstration expérimentale du concept de commutation optique sous-longueur d’onde. La faisabilité des fonctions insertion et extraction d’une sous-bande à l’intérieur de superchannels OFDM et Nyquist-WDM a été démontrée. Finalement, nous concluons par des perspectives à court terme susceptible d’intéresser les industriels du domaine, tel que l’étude d’interfaces CFP cohérent, l’intégration photonique sur Silicium apportant des réductions de coût importantes et une faible consommation énergique
In the context of ever increasing traffic demand, future long-haul optical transmission systems will evaluate towards higher capacity and will be able to support more flexible optical networking. In this thesis, we study the potential of multi-band OFDM, which is a credible alternative of the industrial single-carrier solutions for future generations of beyond 100 Gbps systems. After presenting a brief overview of long-haul transmission systems and OFDM digital signal processing techniques, we show the experimental implementation of 16QAM-OFDM as well as its transmission performance. Some implementation constraints of 16QAM-OFDM related to hardware impairments have been investigated. The transmission performance has been compared with that of Nyquist-WDM format. After that, in the context of superchannel and flexible optical networking, we have carried out an experimental proof-of-concept of sub-wavelength optical switching. We have demonstrated the feasibility of such optical add-drop operations inside OFDM and Nyquist-WDM superchannels. At last, we have addressed some short-term research topics that concern telecom companies, such as the potential application scenarios of the low-cost and power-efficient coherent CFP interface based on Silicon photonics integration technology

9

Shibahara, Kohki. "Advanced Signal Processing for Fiber-Optic Communication Systems Scaling Capacity Beyond 100 Tb/s." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/227663.

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Shu, Seng-Sheng, and 許勝軒. "A Study of RZ-DPSK Modulation Scheme upon Long-haul Optical Fiber Transmission System." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4nxdym.

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碩士
國立中山大學
光電工程研究所
96
Long-haul optical fiber communication system is an important infrastructure to support the latest broadband communication in the world. It is important to study a technology to improve the performance of such system, and the Return-to-Zero Differential Phase Shift Keying (RZ-DPSK) modulation attracts much attention because of its improved long distance transmission performance. One important technology of the current long-haul optical fiber communication system is the dispersion map, and it is widely deployed for already installed undersea optical fiber communication system in the world. Recently, a new dispersion map that was totally different from the map used for already deployed system was proposed, and it demonstrated advantageous performance of the long-haul RZ-DPSK transmission. Even though, the reason of the performance improvement is not investigated, and it is important to clarify the physical mechanism of the performance improvement, because it will contribute to improve the system design of the long-haul optical fiber communication systems in near future. In this master thesis, the performance of the RZ-DPSK format in the long-haul transmission system is studied. Both computer simulations and experiments are conducted to confirm the effects of various factors in the long-haul RZ-DPSK transmission system. From the theoretical study, it is pointed out that the Self-Phase Modulation (SPM) played a significant role to degrade the transmission performance of the conventional map, while it does not cause so significant degradation in the new map. The effects of the SPM and the Cross-Phase Modulation (XPM) with the conventional map are investigated through the experimental study.

Books on the topic "Long-haul optical transmission":

1

Widdowson, Terence. Ultra-long haul optical fibre transmission systems. Birmingham: Aston University. Department of Electricaland Electronic Engineering and Applied Physics, 1995.

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2

Datta, Debasish. Optical Networks. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198834229.001.0001.

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This book presents an in-depth deliberation on optical networks in four parts, capturing the past, present, and ensuing developments in the field. Part I has two chapters presenting an overview of optical networks and the enabling technologies. Part II has three chapters dealing with the single-wavelength optical networks: optical LANs/MANs, optical access networks using passive optical network architecture, SONET/SDH, optical transport network and resilient packet ring. Part III consists of four chapters on WDM-based optical networks, including WDM-based local/metropolitan networks (LANs/MANs) using single and multihop architectures over passive-star couplers, WDM/TWDM access networks as an extension of PONs with WDM transmission, WDM metro ring networks covering circuit-switched (using point-to-point WDM and wavelength-routed transmission) plus packet-switched architectures and WDM long-haul backbone networks presenting the offline and online design methodologies using wavelength-routed transmission. Part IV deals with some selected topics in six chapters. The first deals with transmission impairments and power-consumption issues in optical networks, while the next three chapters deal with the survivable optical networks, network control and management techniques, including GMPLS, ASON, and SDN/SDON, and datacenter networks using electrical, optical, and hybrid switching techniques. The final two chapters present elastic optical networks using flexible grid for better utilization of the optical-fiber spectrum and optical packet and burst-switched networks. The three appendices present the basics of the linear programming techniques, noise processes encountered in the optical communication systems, and the fundamentals of queuing theory and its applications in telecommunication networks. (238 words)

Book chapters on the topic "Long-haul optical transmission":

1

Bosco, Gabriella, Francesco Matera, Karin Ennser, Morten Ibsen, Lucia Marazzi, Francesca Parmigiani, Periklis Petropoulos, Pierluigi Poggiolini, Marco Tabacchiera, and Marcelo Zannin. "Experiments on Long-Haul High-Capacity Transmission Systems." In Optical Transmission, 185–234. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1767-1_4.

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Matera, Francesco, Rebecca Chandy, Valeria Carrozzo, Karin Ennser, Guido Maier, Achille Pattavina, Marina Settembre, Domenico Siracusa, and Marcelo Zannin. "Simulations of High-Capacity Long-Haul Optical Transmission Systems." In Optical Transmission, 123–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1767-1_3.

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Seimetz, Matthias. "Multi-Span Long-Haul Transmission." In High-Order Modulation for Optical Fiber Transmission, 207–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-93771-5_8.

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Downie, John D., Ming-Jun Li, and Sergejs Makovejs. "Single-Mode Fibers for High Speed and Long-Haul Transmission." In Handbook of Optical Fibers, 1–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1477-2_65-1.

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Downie, John D., Ming-Jun Li, and Sergejs Makovejs. "Single-Mode Fibers for High Speed and Long-Haul Transmission." In Handbook of Optical Fibers, 3–39. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7087-7_65.

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Maruta, A., T. Inoue, Y. Nonaka, and Y. Yoshika. "Bi-Soliton Propagating in Dispersion-Managed System and Its Application to High Speed and Long Haul Optical Transmission." In Optical Solitons, 247–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36141-3_12.

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Al-Hashime, Liqaa A., Ghaida A. Al-Suhail, and Sinan M. Abdul Satar. "Modulation Mapping Influence in Coherent Optical OFDM System for Long Haul Transmission." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 193–209. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01653-1_12.

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Iwatsuki, K. "Application of Optical Soliton for Ultra-Fast Long-Haul Transmission and Measurement Technology." In Solid-State Science and Technology Library, 191–207. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1736-1_15.

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Belay, Tsegaye Menber, and Pushparaghavan Annamalai. "Performance Evaluation and Comparison of Optical Amplifiers in Nonlinear Effects for WDM Long-Haul Transmission System." In Algorithms for Intelligent Systems, 623–32. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6332-1_51.

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Weik, Martin H. "long-haul fiber optic transmission set." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 929. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_10628.

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Conference papers on the topic "Long-haul optical transmission":

1

Haxell, Ian. "Ultra-long haul transmission systems." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2001.tun1.

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"OWA - Ultra long-haul transmission." In 2005 Optical Fiber Communications Conference Technical Digest. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ofc.2005.192693.

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3

Bergano, N. S. "High capacity long-haul transmission experiments." In 11th International Conference on Integrated Optics and Optical Fibre Communications. 23rd European Conference on Optical Communications IOOC-ECOC97. IEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19971351.

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Takahashi, Hidenori, Koji Igarashi, and Takehiro Tsuritani. "Long-haul Transmission Using Multicore Fibers." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2014.tu2j.2.

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Binh, L. N., T. L. Huynh, L. Chan, and K. K. Pang. "Optical MSK long-haul transmission systems." In Asia-Pacific Optical Communications, edited by Chang Soo Park, Shizhong Xie, Curtis R. Menyuk, and Ken-ichi Kitayama. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.685720.

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Antona, Jean-Christophe, Gabriel Charlet, Oriol Bertran-Pardo, Jérémie Renaudier, and Sébastien Bigo. "Long-haul 100Gb/s coherent transmission experiments." In Asia Pacific Optical Communications, edited by Ken-ichi Kitayama, Pierpaolo C. Ghiggino, Kim Roberts, and Yikai Su. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.806481.

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Thirumaran, S., S. K. N. Devi, P. Deepika, and A. Vasanthi. "Optical phase conjugation in long haul optical transmission." In 2012 International Conference on Devices, Circuits and Systems (ICDCS 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdcsyst.2012.6188663.

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Takahashi, H., and T. Tsuritani. "Ultra-Long-Haul MCF Transmission Systems." In 39th European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication (ECOC 2013). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2013.1346.

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Cai, Yi. "Coherent Detection in Long-Haul Transmission Systems." In 2008 Conference on Optical Fiber Communication - OFC 2008 Collocated National Fiber Optic Engineers. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ofc.2008.4528636.

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Johannisson, Pontus, Martin Sjödin, Tobias A. Eriksson, and Magnus Karlsson. "Four-Dimensional Modulation Formats for Long-Haul Transmission." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2014.m2c.4.

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Reports on the topic "Long-haul optical transmission":

1

Kamikawa, N. T. Optical Fibers for Long-Haul Transmission in Severe-Bending Applications. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada255964.

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