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Journal articles on the topic 'Long - term proxy records'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Schöner, Wolfgang, Ingeborg Auer, Reinhard Böhm, Lothar Keck, and Dietmar Wagenbach. "Spatial representativity of air-temperature information from instrumental and ice-core-based isotope records in the European Alps." Annals of Glaciology 35 (2002): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756402781816717.

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AbstractSpatial correlations between Alpine high-elevation and European low-elevation instrumental air temperatures are computed to assess the spatial representativity of a high-Alpine ice-core isotope proxy temperature record. the correlation analyses indicate that air-temperature records at Alpine ice-core drill sites are representative for central Europe, particularly in summer. While Alpine ice cores generally show a large scattering in the conserved section of the year, long-term records from low-accumulation sites consist almost solely of summer precipitation and thus reflect isotope pro

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2

Lüdecke, H. J., A. Hempelmann, and C. O. Weiss. "Multi-periodic climate dynamics: spectral analysis of long-term instrumental and proxy temperature records." Climate of the Past 9, no. 1 (2013): 447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-447-2013.

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Abstract. The longest six instrumental temperature records of monthly means reach back maximally to 1757 AD and were recorded in Europe. All six show a V-shape, with temperature drop in the 19th and rise in the 20th century. Proxy temperature time series of Antarctic ice cores show this same characteristic shape, indicating this pattern as a global phenomenon. We used the mean of the six instrumental records for analysis by discrete Fourier transform (DFT), wavelets, and the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). For comparison, a stalagmite record was also analyzed by DFT. The harmonic decompo

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3

Lüdecke, H. J., A. Hempelmann, and C. O. Weiss. "Multi-periodic climate dynamics: spectral analysis of long-term instrumental and proxy temperature records." Climate of the Past Discussions 8, no. 5 (2012): 4493–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-8-4493-2012.

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Abstract. The longest six instrumental temperature records of monthly means reach back maximally to 1757 AD and were recorded in Europe. All six show a V-shape, with temperature drop in the 19th and rise in the 20th century. Proxy temperature time series of Antarctic ice cores show this same characteristic shape, indicating this pattern as a global phenomenon. We used the mean of the 6 instrumental records for analysis by discrete Fourier transformation (DFT), wavelets, and the detrended fluctuation method (DFA). For comparison, a stalagmite record was also analyzed by DFT. The harmonic decomp

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4

Rimbu, N., and G. Lohmann. "Winter and summer blocking variability in the North Atlantic region – evidence from long-term observational and proxy data from southwestern Greenland." Climate of the Past Discussions 5, no. 6 (2009): 2411–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-5-2411-2009.

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Abstract. We investigate the relationship between the North Atlantic atmospheric blocking and winter and summer temperature variability as derived from long-term observational and proxy records from southwestern Greenland. It is shown that during boreal winter warm (cold) conditions in southwestern Greenland are related with high (low) blocking activity in the Greenland-Scandinavian region. An index for the North Atlantic blocking is significantly correlated with an oxygen isotope record from Greenland ice cores suggesting a possible reconstruction of blocking variability in this region during

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5

Lewis, S. C., and A. N. LeGrande. "Stability of ENSO and its tropical Pacific teleconnections over the Last Millennium." Climate of the Past 11, no. 10 (2015): 1347–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1347-2015.

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Abstract. Determining past changes in the amplitude, frequency and teleconnections of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is important for understanding its potential sensitivity to future anthropogenic climate change. Palaeo-reconstructions from proxy records can provide long-term information of ENSO interactions with the background climatic state through time. However, it remains unclear how ENSO characteristics have changed on long timescales, and precisely which signals proxies record. Proxy interpretations are typically underpinned by the assumption of stationarity in relationships be

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6

Donner, R., and A. Witt. "Characterisation of long-term climate change by dimension estimates of multivariate palaeoclimatic proxy data." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 13, no. 5 (2006): 485–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-13-485-2006.

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Abstract. The problem of extracting climatically relevant information from multivariate geological records is tackled by characterising the eigenvalues of the temporarily varying correlation matrix. From these eigenvalues, a quantitative measure, the linear variance decay (LVD) dimension density, is derived. The LVD dimension density is shown to serve as a suitable estimate of the fractal dimension density. Its performance is evaluated by testing it for (i) systems with independent components and for (ii) subsystems of spatially extended linearly correlated systems. The LVD dimension density i

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7

Henke, Lilo M. K., F. Hugo Lambert, and Dan J. Charman. "Was the Little Ice Age more or less El Niño-like than the Medieval Climate Anomaly? Evidence from hydrological and temperature proxy data." Climate of the Past 13, no. 3 (2017): 267–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-267-2017.

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Abstract. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most important source of global climate variability on interannual timescales and has substantial environmental and socio-economic consequences. However, it is unclear how it interacts with large-scale climate states over longer (decadal to centennial) timescales. The instrumental ENSO record is too short for analysing long-term trends and variability and climate models are unable to accurately simulate past ENSO states. Proxy data are used to extend the record, but different proxy sources have produced dissimilar reconstructions of long

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8

Ho, Michelle, Danielle C. Verdon-Kidd, Anthony S. Kiem, and Russell N. Drysdale. "Broadening the Spatial Applicability of Paleoclimate Information—A Case Study for the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia." Journal of Climate 27, no. 7 (2014): 2477–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00071.1.

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Abstract Recent advances in the collection and analysis of paleoclimate data have provided significant insights into preinstrumental environmental events and processes, enabling a greater understanding of long-term environmental change and associated hydroclimatic risks. Unfortunately, it is often the case that there is a dearth of readily available paleoclimate data from regions where such insights and long-term data are most needed. The Murray–Darling basin (MDB), known as Australia’s “food bowl,” is an example of such a region where currently there are very limited in situ paleoclimate data

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9

Pinegina, T. K., and J. Bourgeois. "Historical and paleo-tsunami deposits on Kamchatka, Russia: long-term chronologies and long-distance correlations." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 1, no. 4 (2001): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-1-177-2001.

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Abstract. Along the eastern coast of Kamchatka, at a number of localities, we have identified and attempted to assign ages to deposits of both historic and prehistoric (paleo-) tsunamis. These deposits are dated and correlated using tephrochronology from Holocene marker tephra and local volcanic ash layers. Because the historical record of earthquakes and tsunamis on Kamchatka is so short, these investigations can make important contributions to evaluating tsunami hazards. Moreover, because even the historical record is spotty, our work helps add to and evaluate tsunami catalogues for Kamchatk

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10

Lepreti, Fabio, Vincenzo Carbone, and Antonio Vecchio. "Scaling Properties and Persistence of Long-Term Solar Activity." Atmosphere 12, no. 6 (2021): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12060733.

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The long-range correlations associated with the presence of persistence are investigated by applying the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) on three different proxies of long-term solar activity. The considered datasets are a sunspot number reconstruction (SNR04) obtained from the atmospheric activity of the cosmogenic isotope 14C derived from tree rings, a total solar irradiance reconstruction (TSIR12) obtained from several 10Be ice core records from Greenland and Antarctica in combination with the global record of 14C in tree rings and a new multi-proxy sunspot number reconstruction (SNR18

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Seddon, Alistair W. R. "Special feature: measuring components of ecological resilience in long-term ecological datasets." Biology Letters 17, no. 1 (2021): 20200881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0881.

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Ecological resilience has become a focal concept in ecosystem management. Palaeoecological records (i.e. the sub-fossil remains preserved in sediments) are useful archives to address ecological resilience since they can be used to reconstruct long-term temporal variations in ecosystem properties. The special feature presented here includes nine new papers from members and associates of the PAGES EcoRe3 community. The papers build on previous work in palaeoecology to investigate, identify and compare components of ecosystem resilience on centennial to millennial timescales. There are four key m

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12

Oram, Richard. "'The worst disaster suffered by the people of Scotland in recorded history': climate change, dearth and pathogens in the long 14th century." Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 144 (November 30, 2015): 223–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/psas.144.0223.

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Informing historical and archaeological discourse with environmental data culled from documentary and climate proxy records is transforming understanding of political, social economic and cultural change across the North Atlantic and European Atlantic regions generally. Limited record evidence and region-specific proxy data has hindered engagement by historians of medieval Scotland with the exploration of environmental factors as motors for long term and large scale change and adoption of the interdisciplinary methodologies involved in their use. This paper seeks to provide an overview of the

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13

Rimbu, N., and G. Lohmann. "Winter and summer blocking variability in the North Atlantic region – evidence from long-term observational and proxy data from southwestern Greenland." Climate of the Past 7, no. 2 (2011): 543–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-543-2011.

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Abstract. We investigate the interannual and decadal variability of the North Atlantic atmospheric blocking frequency and distribution in connection with long-term observational and proxy records from southwestern Greenland. It is shown that warm (cold) conditions in southwestern Greenland during winter are related with high (low) blocking activity in the Greenland-Scandinavian region. The pattern of winter temperature-blocking variability is more complex than the blocking pattern associated to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). We find, furthermore, that a North Atlantic blocking index is

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14

Mosley-Thompson, Ellen, Lonnie G. Thompson, and Ping-Nan Lin. "A multi-century ice-core perspective on 20th-century climate change with new contributions from high-Arctic and Greenland (PARCA) cores." Annals of Glaciology 43 (2006): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756406781812401.

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AbstractA global collection of high temporally resolved ice-core-derived δ18O records is examined to assess whether the proxy records are consistent with contemporaneous observed temperature variations in their respective regions. This is prerequisite to using the older parts of the proxy (δ18O) records to assess whether 20th-century temperatures remain within the range of longer-term natural variability. Excluding the high plateaus in East and West Antarctica where 20th-century temperatures show modest cooling, the ice-core records from other regions suggest modest to strong 20th-century warm

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15

Gasse, F., L. Vidal, A. L. Develle, and E. Van Campo. "Hydrological variability in the Northern Levant: a 250 ka multi-proxy record from the Yammoûneh (Lebanon) sedimentary sequence." Climate of the Past 7, no. 4 (2011): 1261–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1261-2011.

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Abstract. The Levant is a key region in terms of both long-term hydroclimate dynamics and human cultural evolution. Our understanding of the regional response to glacial-interglacial boundary conditions is limited by uncertainties in proxy-data interpretation and the lack of long-term records from different geographical settings. The present paper provides a 250 ka paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on a multi-proxy approach from northern Levant, derived from a 36 m lacustrine-palustrine sequence cored in the small intra-mountainous karstic Yammoûneh basin from northern Lebanon. We combin

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16

Bracegirdle, Thomas J., Florence Colleoni, Nerilie J. Abram, et al. "Back to the Future: Using Long-Term Observational and Paleo-Proxy Reconstructions to Improve Model Projections of Antarctic Climate." Geosciences 9, no. 6 (2019): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9060255.

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Quantitative estimates of future Antarctic climate change are derived from numerical global climate models. Evaluation of the reliability of climate model projections involves many lines of evidence on past performance combined with knowledge of the processes that need to be represented. Routine model evaluation is mainly based on the modern observational period, which started with the establishment of a network of Antarctic weather stations in 1957/58. This period is too short to evaluate many fundamental aspects of the Antarctic and Southern Ocean climate system, such as decadal-to-century t

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17

Whitlock, Cathy. "Postglacial Fire Frequency and its Relation to Long-Term Vegetational and Climatic Changes in Yellowstone Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 16 (January 1, 1992): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1992.3123.

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The primary research objective has been to study the vegetational history of Yellowstone and its sensitivity to changes in climate and fire frequency. To establish a sequence of vegetational changes, a network of pollen records spanning the last 14,000 years has been studied from different types of vegetation within the Park. The relationship between modern pollen rain, modern vegetation and presentÂday climate in the northern Rocky Mountains has been the basis for interpreting past vegetation and climate from the fossil records. Changes in fire regime during the past 14,000 years have been i

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18

Kosnik, Matthew A., and Michał Kowalewski. "Understanding modern extinctions in marine ecosystems: the role of palaeoecological data." Biology Letters 12, no. 4 (2016): 20150951. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0951.

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Because anthropogenic impacts on ecological systems pre-date the oldest scientific observations, historical documents and archaeological records, understanding modern extinctions requires additional data sources that extend further back in time. Palaeoecological records, which provide quantitative proxy records of ecosystems prior to human impact, are essential for understanding recent extinctions and future extinction risks. Here we critically review the value of the most recent fossil record in contributing to our understanding of modern extinctions and illustrate through case studies how na

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19

van de Wal, R. S. W., B. de Boer, L. J. Lourens, P. Köhler, and R. Bintanja. "Reconstruction of a continuous high-resolution CO<sub>2</sub> record over the past 20 million years." Climate of the Past 7, no. 4 (2011): 1459–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1459-2011.

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Abstract. The gradual cooling of the climate during the Cenozoic has generally been attributed to a decrease in CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. The lack of transient climate models and, in particular, the lack of high-resolution proxy records of CO2, beyond the ice-core record prohibit, however, a full understanding of, for example, the inception of the Northern Hemisphere glaciation and mid-Pleistocene transition. Here we elaborate on an inverse modelling technique to reconstruct a continuous CO2 series over the past 20 million year (Myr), by decomposing the global deep-sea benthic δ18O

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20

Pawlak, Jacek. "The speleothem oxygen record as a proxy for thermal or moisture changes: a case study of multiproxy records from MIS 5–MIS 6 speleothems from the Demänová Cave system." Climate of the Past 17, no. 3 (2021): 1051–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1051-2021.

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Abstract. Speleothems are an important source of palaeoclimatic information about the terrestrial environment. The basic advantages of speleothems are their high preservation potential, the possibility of precise dating using the uranium-series (U-series) method, and many different proxies, such as stable isotopes, trace elements, and microfabrics, which can be interpreted in terms of palaeoclimatic conditions. Currently, central Europe is located in a transitional climate zone under the influence of both oceanic and continental climates. However, in the past, the region could have been under

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21

Altman, Jan, Olga N. Ukhvatkina, Alexander M. Omelko, et al. "Poleward migration of the destructive effects of tropical cyclones during the 20th century." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 45 (2018): 11543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1808979115.

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Determination of long-term tropical cyclone (TC) variability is of enormous importance to society; however, changes in TC activity are poorly understood owing to discrepancies among various datasets and limited span of instrumental records. While the increasing intensity and frequency of TCs have been previously documented on a long-term scale using various proxy records, determination of their poleward migration has been based mostly on short-term instrumental data. Here we present a unique tree-ring–based approach for determination of long-term variability in TC activity via forest disturban

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22

Zinke, Jens, Lars Reuning, Miriam Pfeiffer, et al. "A sea surface temperature reconstruction for the southern Indian Ocean trade wind belt from corals in Rodrigues Island (19° S, 63° E)." Biogeosciences 13, no. 20 (2016): 5827–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5827-2016.

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Abstract. The western Indian Ocean has been warming rapidly over recent decades, causing a greater number of extreme climatic events. It is therefore of paramount importance to improve our understanding of links between Indian Ocean sea surface temperature (SST) variability, climate change and sustainability of tropical coral reef ecosystems. Here we present monthly resolved coral Sr ∕ Ca records from two different locations from Rodrigues Island (63° E, 19° S) in the south-central Indian Ocean trade wind belt. We reconstruct SST based on a linear relationship with the Sr ∕ Ca proxy with recor

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23

Bierstedt, Svenja E., Birgit Hünicke, Eduardo Zorita, and Juliane Ludwig. "A wind proxy based on migrating dunes at the Baltic coast: statistical analysis of the link between wind conditions and sand movement." Earth System Dynamics 8, no. 3 (2017): 639–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-8-639-2017.

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Abstract. We statistically analyse the relationship between the structure of migrating dunes in the southern Baltic and the driving wind conditions over the past 26 years, with the long-term aim of using migrating dunes as a proxy for past wind conditions at an interannual resolution. The present analysis is based on the dune record derived from geo-radar measurements by Ludwig et al. (2017). The dune system is located at the Baltic Sea coast of Poland and is migrating from west to east along the coast. The dunes present layers with different thicknesses that can be assigned to absolute dates

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van de Wal, R. S. W., B. de Boer, L. Lourens, P. Köhler, and R. Bintanja. "Continuous and self-consistent CO<sub>2</sub> and climate records over the past 20 Myrs." Climate of the Past Discussions 7, no. 1 (2011): 437–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-7-437-2011.

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Abstract. The gradual cooling of the climate during the Cenozoic has generally been attributed to a decrease in CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. The lack of transient climate models and in particular the lack of high-resolution proxy records of CO2, beyond the ice-core record prohibit however a full understanding of the inception of the Northern Hemisphere glaciation, as well as the mid-Pleistocene transition. Here we elaborate on an inverse modeling technique to reconstruct a continuous high-resolution CO2 record over the past 20 Ma, by decomposing the global deep-sea benthic δ18O record

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25

Lewis, S. C., and A. N. LeGrande. "Stability of ENSO and its tropical Pacific teleconnections over the Last Millennium." Climate of the Past Discussions 11, no. 3 (2015): 1579–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-11-1579-2015.

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Abstract. Determining past changes in the amplitude, frequency and teleconnections of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is important for understanding its potential sensitivity to future anthropogenic climate change. Palaeo-reconstructions from proxy records provide long-term information of ENSO interactions with the background climatic state through time. However, it remains unclear how ENSO characteristics have changed through time, and precisely which signals proxies record. Proxy interpretations are underpinned by the assumption of stationarity in relationships between local and remo

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26

Sendín Bande, Concepción, and Carmen García-Alba. "Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy: A Dilemma for Diagnosis." Rorschachiana 29, no. 2 (2008): 183–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604.29.2.183.

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Very little is yet known about the etiology, epidemiology, and long-term impact of Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP). However, on reviewing the literature, there is an increasing interest in this unusual but serious pathology, which appears almost always in children and poses many clinical and forensic dilemmas for diagnosis and management. We present a MSBP case-study of a mother (54 years old) and her son (13 years old), through their Rorschach tests (Comprehensive System; Exner, 2000 ) and the Research Diagnostic Criteria Family-History interview (FH-RDC; Endicott, Andreasen & Spitzer

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27

Esper, J., and U. Büntgen. "The future of paleoclimate." Climate Research 83 (March 11, 2021): 57–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/cr01636.

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Our understanding of natural climate variability rapidly declines over the Common Era (CE) as the pre-instrumental temperature amplitude differs substantially among large-scale reconstructions. Highlighting such differences and emphasizing paleoclimatic findings is crucial for placing anthropogenic climate change in a long-term context. We argue that more proxy records are needed to accurately reconstruct first millennium CE temperature variability and value regional studies producing such data.

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Henke, L. M. K., F. H. Lambert, and D. J. Charman. "Was the Little Ice Age more or less El Niño-like than the Mediaeval Climate Anomaly? Evidence from hydrological and temperature proxy data." Climate of the Past Discussions 11, no. 6 (2015): 5549–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-11-5549-2015.

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Abstract. The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), an ocean–atmosphere coupled oscillation over the equatorial Pacific, is the most important source of global climate variability on inter-annual time scales. It has substantial environmental and socio-economic consequences such as devastation of South American fish populations and increased forest fires in Indonesia. The instrumental ENSO record is too short for analysing long-term trends and variability, hence proxy data is used to extend the record. However, different proxy sources have produced varying reconstructions of ENSO, with some evid

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Donnegan, Joseph A., Thomas T. Veblen, and Jason S. Sibold. "Climatic and human influences on fire history in Pike National Forest, central Colorado." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31, no. 9 (2001): 1526–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-093.

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We investigated interannual and multidecadal variability in fire regimes, as related to climate and human land-use in Pike National Forest, central Colorado. Short and long-term trends in fire-scar records were related to tree-ring proxy records of moisture availability and to variability in El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Fire occurrence is strongly tied to interannual drought conditions and is associated with cycles of ENSO. Fire events tend to occur in years of reduced moisture availability (La Niña years) and are often preceded by 24 years of increased moisture availability (El Niñ

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Lim, Jaesoo, Ju-Yong Kim, Seon-Ju Kim, Jin-Young Lee, and Sei-Sun Hong. "Late Pleistocene vegetation change in Korea and its possible link to East Asian monsoon and Dansgaard–Oeschger (D–O) cycles." Quaternary Research 79, no. 1 (2013): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2012.10.008.

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AbstractLate Pleistocene carbon isotope (δ13C) records from a paleolithic sedimentary sequence collected from Baeki, Hongcheon, central Korea, show long-term changes with superimposed short-term isotopic excursions. The δ13C value of the sedimentary organic matter, a proxy for past vegetation change, varied from − 26‰ to − 23‰ for the period between 30 and 90 ka, with a long-term variation similar to insolation changes. High-amplitude (− 1‰ to approximately − 1.5‰) fluctuations superimposed on the long-term changes in the δ13C values decreased during stronger summer monsoon intervals but incre

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Linderholm, Hans W., Marie Nicolle, Pierre Francus, et al. "Arctic hydroclimate variability during the last 2000 years: current understanding and research challenges." Climate of the Past 14, no. 4 (2018): 473–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-473-2018.

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Abstract. Reanalysis data show an increasing trend in Arctic precipitation over the 20th century, but changes are not homogenous across seasons or space. The observed hydroclimate changes are expected to continue and possibly accelerate in the coming century, not only affecting pan-Arctic natural ecosystems and human activities, but also lower latitudes through the atmospheric and ocean circulations. However, a lack of spatiotemporal observational data makes reliable quantification of Arctic hydroclimate change difficult, especially in a long-term context. To understand Arctic hydroclimate and

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32

Beaudoin, Alwynne B. "On the Identification and Characterization of Drought and Aridity in Postglacial Paleoenvironmental Records from the Northern Great Plains." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 56, no. 2-3 (2004): 229–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/009108ar.

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Abstract The Northern Great Plains region is especially sensitive to drought and is likely to be even more drought-prone under projected global warming. Drought has been invoked as an explanatory factor for changes seen in postglacial paleoenvironmental records. These proxy records may extend drought history derived from instrumental data. Moreover, in the last decade, some paleoenvironmental studies have been expressly undertaken for the examination of long-term drought history. Nevertheless, few such studies explicitly define drought. This makes it difficult to compare results or to understa

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FRAEDRICH, KLAUS, RICHARD BLENDER, and XIUHUA ZHU. "CONTINUUM CLIMATE VARIABILITY: LONG-TERM MEMORY, SCALING, AND 1/F-NOISE." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 28n29 (2009): 5403–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209063729.

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Continuum temperature variability represents the response of the Earth's climate to deterministic external forcing. Scaling regimes are observed which range from hours to millennia with low frequency fluctuations characterizing long-term memory. The presence of 1/f power spectra in weather and climate is noteworthy: (i) In the tropical atmosphere 1/f scaling ranging from hours to weeks is found for several variables; it emerges as superposition of uncorrelated pulses with individual 1/f spectra. (ii) The daily discharge of the Yangtze shows 1/f within one week to one year, although the precipi

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Wilson, Rob, Rosanne D'Arrigo, Laia Andreu-Hayles, et al. "Experiments based on blue intensity for reconstructing North Pacific temperatures along the Gulf of Alaska." Climate of the Past 13, no. 8 (2017): 1007–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1007-2017.

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Abstract. Ring-width (RW) records from the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) have yielded a valuable long-term perspective for North Pacific changes on decadal to longer timescales in prior studies but contain a broad winter to late summer seasonal climate response. Similar to the highly climate-sensitive maximum latewood density (MXD) proxy, the blue intensity (BI) parameter has recently been shown to correlate well with year-to-year warm-season temperatures for a number of sites at northern latitudes. Since BI records are much less labour intensive and expensive to generate than MXD, such data hold great

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Thys, Sien, Maarten Van Daele, Nore Praet, et al. "Dropstones in Lacustrine Sediments as a Record of Snow Avalanches—A Validation of the Proxy by Combining Satellite Imagery and Varve Chronology at Kenai Lake (South-Central Alaska)." Quaternary 2, no. 1 (2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat2010011.

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Snow avalanches cause many fatalities every year and damage local economies worldwide. The present-day climate change affects the snowpack and, thus, the properties and frequency of snow avalanches. Reconstructing snow avalanche records can help us understand past variations in avalanche frequency and their relationship to climate change. Previous avalanche records have primarily been reconstructed using dendrochronology. Here, we investigate the potential of lake sediments to record snow avalanches by studying 27 < 30-cm-long sediment cores from Kenai Lake, south-central Alaska. We use X-r

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Hua, Yingmin. "Long-Term Variations of Earth's Orbital Geometry and its Effect on the Climate System." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 156 (1993): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900173450.

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Chinese Loess data over the past 2.4 million years are good proxy records for understanding past climate. Maximum entropy spectrum of magnectic susceptibility data at the locality of Luochuan, which is in Shaanxi province of China, have shown periodic fluctuations of about 21 kyr, 41 kyr, 100 kyr and 400 kyr. These periodic fluctuations are related to the long-term variations of earth's orbital elements of the obliquity, the climatic precession and the eccentricity respectively. The data series was separated into two parts to examine the variations of these fluctuations. The first part is from

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Yamamoto, Masanobu, Seung-Il Nam, Leonid Polyak, et al. "Holocene dynamics in the Bering Strait inflow to the Arctic and the Beaufort Gyre circulation based on sedimentary records from the Chukchi Sea." Climate of the Past 13, no. 9 (2017): 1111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1111-2017.

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Abstract. The Beaufort Gyre (BG) and the Bering Strait inflow (BSI) are important elements of the Arctic Ocean circulation system and major controls on the distribution of Arctic sea ice. We report records of the quartz ∕ feldspar and chlorite ∕ illite ratios in three sediment cores from the northern Chukchi Sea, providing insights into the long-term dynamics of the BG circulation and the BSI during the Holocene. The quartz ∕ feldspar ratio, interpreted as a proxy of the BG strength, gradually decreased during the Holocene, suggesting a long-term decline in the BG strength, consistent with an

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Erb, Michael P., Charles S. Jackson, and Anthony J. Broccoli. "Using Single-Forcing GCM Simulations to Reconstruct and Interpret Quaternary Climate Change." Journal of Climate 28, no. 24 (2015): 9746–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0329.1.

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Abstract The long-term climate variations of the Quaternary were primarily influenced by concurrent changes in Earth’s orbit, greenhouse gases, and ice sheets. However, because climate changes over the coming century will largely be driven by changes in greenhouse gases alone, it is important to better understand the separate contributions of each of these forcings in the past. To investigate this, idealized equilibrium simulations are conducted in which the climate is driven by separate changes in obliquity, precession, CO2, and ice sheets. To test the linearity of past climate change, anomal

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Meyerson, Eric A., Paul A. Mayewski, Karl J. Kreutz, L. David Meeker, Sallie I. Whitlow, and Mark S. Twickler. "The polar expression of ENSO and sea-ice variability as recorded in a South Pole ice core." Annals of Glaciology 35 (2002): 430–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756402781817149.

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AbstractAn annually dated ice core recovered from South Pole (2850 m a.s.l.) in 1995, that covers the period 1487–1992, was analyzed for the marine biogenic sulfur species methanesulfonate (MS). Empirical orthogonal function analysis is used to calibrate the high-resolution MS series with associated environmental series for the period of overlap (1973–92). Utilizing this calibration we present a ~500 year long proxy record of the polar expression of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and southeastern Pacific sea-ice extent variations. These records reveal short-term periods of increased (

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Liu, Zhongfang, Yanlin Tang, Zhimin Jian, Christopher J. Poulsen, Jeffrey M. Welker, and Gabriel J. Bowen. "Pacific North American circulation pattern links external forcing and North American hydroclimatic change over the past millennium." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 13 (2017): 3340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1618201114.

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Land and sea surface temperatures, precipitation, and storm tracks in North America and the North Pacific are controlled to a large degree by atmospheric variability associated with the Pacific North American (PNA) pattern. The modern instrumental record indicates a trend toward a positive PNA phase in recent decades, which has led to accelerated warming and snowpack decline in northwestern North America. The brevity of the instrumental record, however, limits our understanding of long-term PNA variability and its directional or cyclic patterns. Here we develop a 937-y-long reconstruction of t

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Hopley, Philip J., Graham P. Weedon, Chris M. Brierley, et al. "Orbital precession modulates interannual rainfall variability, as recorded in an Early Pleistocene speleothem." Geology 46, no. 8 (2018): 731–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g45019.1.

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Abstract Interannual variability of African rainfall impacts local and global communities, but its past behavior and response in future climate projections are poorly understood. This is primarily due to short instrumental records and a lack of long high-resolution palaeoclimate proxy records. Here we present an annually resolved 91,000 year Early Pleistocene record of hydroclimate from the early hominin-bearing Makapansgat Valley, South Africa. Changes in speleothem annual band thickness are dominated by precession over four consecutive orbital cycles with strong millennial-scale periodicity.

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Lapointe, Francois, Raymond S. Bradley, Pierre Francus, et al. "Annually resolved Atlantic sea surface temperature variability over the past 2,900 y." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 44 (2020): 27171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014166117.

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Global warming due to anthropogenic factors can be amplified or dampened by natural climate oscillations, especially those involving sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the North Atlantic which vary on a multidecadal scale (Atlantic multidecadal variability, AMV). Because the instrumental record of AMV is short, long-term behavior of AMV is unknown, but climatic teleconnections to regions beyond the North Atlantic offer the prospect of reconstructing AMV from high-resolution records elsewhere. Annually resolved titanium from an annually laminated sedimentary record from Ellesmere Island, Canada

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Shi, Hui, Bin Wang, Edward R. Cook, Jian Liu, and Fei Liu. "Asian Summer Precipitation over the Past 544 Years Reconstructed by Merging Tree Rings and Historical Documentary Records." Journal of Climate 31, no. 19 (2018): 7845–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-18-0003.1.

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Sparse long-term Asian monsoon (AM) records have limited our ability to understand and accurately model low-frequency AM variability. Here we present a gridded 544-yr (from 1470 to 2013) reconstructed Asian summer precipitation (RAP) dataset by weighted merging of two complementary proxies including 453 tree-ring-width chronologies and 71 historical documentary records. The RAP dataset provides substantially improved data quality when compared with single-proxy-type reconstructions. Skillful reconstructions are obtained in East and North China, northern India and Pakistan, the Indochina Penins

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Miller, Emily A., Susan E. Lisin, Celia M. Smith, and Kyle S. Van Houtan. "Herbaria macroalgae as a proxy for historical upwelling trends in Central California." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1929 (2020): 20200732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0732.

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Planning for future ocean conditions requires historical data to establish more informed ecological baselines. To date, this process has been largely limited to instrument records and observations that begin around 1950. Here, we show how marine macroalgae specimens from herbaria repositories may document long-term ecosystem processes and extend historical information records into the nineteenth century. We tested the effect of drying and pressing six macroalgae species on amino acid, heavy metal and bulk stable isotope values over 1 year using modern and archived paper. We found historical pa

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Bräuning, A. "Climate variability of the tropical Andes since the late Pleistocene." Advances in Geosciences 22 (October 13, 2009): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-22-13-2009.

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Abstract. Available proxy records witnessing palaeoclimate of the tropical Andes are comparably scarce. Major implications of palaeoclimate development in the humid and arid parts of the Andes are briefly summarized. The long-term behaviour of ENSO has general significance for the climatic history of the Andes due to its impact on regional circulation patterns and precipitation regimes, therefore ENSO history derived from non-Andean palaeo-records is highlighted. Methodological constraints of the chronological precision and the palaeoclimatic interpretation of records derived from different na

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Wang, Y., M. E. Evans, T. C. Xu, N. Rutter, Z. Ding, and X. M. Liu. "Rescaled range analysis of paleoclimatic proxies." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 2 (1992): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-026.

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Two geophysical measurements have been widely used as paleoclimatic indicators: oxygen-isotope ratios from deep-sea cores and magnetic susceptibility of loess sediments. Both types of record have been shown to possess climatic information, as they share the same dominant frequencies of the Earth's orbital movements, which, according to Milankovitch's theory, drive the climatic system. But these two physical quantities may respond to climatic variations in different ways. Consequently, they may possess different long-term characteristics, which can be detected by the technique of rescaled range

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Talento, Stefanie, Lea Schneider, Johannes Werner, and Jürg Luterbacher. "Millennium-length precipitation reconstruction over south-eastern Asia: a pseudo-proxy approach." Earth System Dynamics 10, no. 2 (2019): 347–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-10-347-2019.

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Abstract. Quantifying precipitation variability beyond the instrumental period is essential for putting current and future fluctuations into long-term perspective and providing a test bed for evaluating climate simulations. For south-eastern Asia such quantifications are scarce and millennium-long attempts are still missing. In this study we take a pseudo-proxy approach to evaluate the potential for generating summer precipitation reconstructions over south-eastern Asia during the past millennium. The ability of a series of novel Bayesian approaches to generate reconstructions at either annual

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Rehn, Emma, Cassandra Rowe, Sean Ulm, Craig Woodward, and Michael Bird. "A late-Holocene multiproxy fire record from a tropical savanna, eastern Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia." Holocene 31, no. 5 (2021): 870–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683620988030.

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Fire has a long history in Australia and is a key driver of vegetation dynamics in the tropical savanna ecosystems that cover one quarter of the country. Fire reconstructions are required to understand ecosystem dynamics over the long term but these data are lacking for the extensive savannas of northern Australia. This paper presents a multiproxy palaeofire record for Marura sinkhole in eastern Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia. The record is constructed by combining optical methods (counts and morphology of macroscopic and microscopic charcoal particles) and chemical methods (quanti

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Martin, Justin T., Gregory T. Pederson, Connie A. Woodhouse, et al. "Increased drought severity tracks warming in the United States’ largest river basin." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 21 (2020): 11328–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1916208117.

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Across the Upper Missouri River Basin, the recent drought of 2000 to 2010, known as the “turn-of-the-century drought,” was likely more severe than any in the instrumental record including the Dust Bowl drought. However, until now, adequate proxy records needed to better understand this event with regard to long-term variability have been lacking. Here we examine 1,200 y of streamflow from a network of 17 new tree-ring–based reconstructions for gages across the upper Missouri basin and an independent reconstruction of warm-season regional temperature in order to place the recent drought in a lo

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Finné, Martin, Jessie Woodbridge, Inga Labuhn, and C. Neil Roberts. "Holocene hydro-climatic variability in the Mediterranean: A synthetic multi-proxy reconstruction." Holocene 29, no. 5 (2019): 847–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683619826634.

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Here we identify and analyze proxy data interpreted to reflect hydro-climatic variability over the last 10,000 years from the Mediterranean region to (1) outline millennial and multi-centennial-scale trends and (2) identify regional patterns of hydro-climatic variability. A total of 47 lake, cave, and marine records were transformed to z-scores to allow direct comparisons between sites, put on a common time scale, and binned into 200-year time slices. Six different regions were identified based on numerical and spatial analyzes of z-scores: S Iberia and Maghreb, N Iberia, Italy, the Balkans, T

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