Dissertations / Theses: 'Long-term source'

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Dixon, Trevor. "Long-term assessments of some vessel-source marine pollutants." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1997. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/longterm-assessments-of-some-vesselsource-marine-pollutants(23bf3738-6f68-47f6-90b0-549f48be5b2a).html.

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Accidental and deliberate discharges from maritime transportation activities have been widely perceived as major sources of pollution. Preventive and control management strategies have therefore been progressively introduced internationally to reduce and eliminate these inputs to the marine environment. The long-term effectiveness of these measures, applied to vessels operating in the waters around the British Isles, is the research question that has been under investigation by the author since 1971. Following analyses of stakeholders' interests and concerns, and associated information requirements, the aims and objectives of a phased work programme were identified. These focused primarily upon three vessel-source marine pollutants; oil or oily mixtures, packaged dangerous or harmful goods and garbage. After a review of the literature, assessment strategies, designs, methodologies and analytical techniques were devised and applied over varying spatial and temporal scales. A data acquisition and management system, utilising questionnaire returns from 13 reporting organisations, was employed to support an annual survey on marine oil pollution. A similar approach, combined with published information, facilitated a characterisation of packaged chemical incidents around the coastline and changes over time. To determine different sources and other attributes of marine litter, an ocean-focused beach survey design was devised and applied on the shores of the English Channel, Irish Sea, North-East Atlantic Ocean and North Sea. A series of surface drift experiments and an open-water sighting survey provided further information on movements and densities of marine litter in the open sea. Research outputs, including the publications submitted, have been reviewed and identified as authoritative sources of information by the competent authorities and other interested parties. These include the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, European Commission, International Maritime Organisation, Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution, Smithsonian Institution for Short-Lived Phenomena and the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

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Albesher, Abdulaziz. "Trust as a source of long-term adoption of e-government." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/12368.

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Significant attempts have been made by national governments to provide services and information on the Internet via information and communication technologies. However, the accomplishment of these efforts strongly depends on how the targeted users, such as citizens, trust, use and adopt such services. As a consequence, a common interest in understanding the adoption and diffusion of electronic government has emerged in both developed and developing countries. Several impediments could prevent citizens from adopting e-government services such as trust, which consider as one of the major barriers. Many citizens are reluctant to adopt e-government services due to lack of trust, and this concern are not without merit. Citizens' confidence in government and technology is a salient inducer to the wide distribution of e-government adoption. Several studies that have focused on the adoption of e-government services have suggested that trust is a cornerstone for long-term e-government adoption. Therefore, this study aims to break down the complicated concept of trust to understand the factors that build citizens’ trust and the influence of citizens’ trust on the behavioural intention to use and adopt e-government services in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This study focuses on understanding the impact of trust, trustworthiness and social influence on citizens’ willingness to use and adopt e-government services. In addition, it propose a model of trust that comprised of trustworthiness of government agencies, trust in the Internet, trust propensity, trust in e-government and social influence. To fulfil this aim, a quantitative research approach was employed to explore the role of citizen’s trust in e-government in Saudi Arabia, using a survey. This phase was followed by a qualitative research approach using semi-structured interviews to achieve deep understanding of any outstanding results from the conducted survey. From the data analysis, it is evident that all the exogenous variables—government ability, government benevolence and integrity, trust in Internet, trust propensity and social influence—were found to significantly affect citizens’ trust in e-government services. In addition, citizens' trust in e-government and social influence were found to be significant predictors of citizens' behavioural intentions to use e-government services. This study contributes by providing a conceptual model that is useful for studying citizen’s trust and usage behavioural of e-government services in Saudi Arabia.

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Fernández, Palacios Eva. "Integrated assessment of long-term sulfidogenesis in UASB reactors using crude glycerol as carbon source." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670499.

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Moltes activitats industrials generen emissions que contenen compostos de sofre tant en efluents líquids com emissions gasoses, que majoritàriament són tractades mitjançant processos fisicoquímics. El sulfat es troba generalment a les aigües residuals d’aquestes indústries, com la indústria paperera, la farmacèutica, la minera o l’alimentària. Com a tal, el sulfat no és un compost nociu, però si s’aboca als rius o sistemes de clavegueram, pot generar-se un desequilibri del cicle del sofre. Dins d’aquest cicle, el producte final de la reducció de compostos és el sulfur d’hidrogen (H2S). Aquest compost és corrosiu, olorós i s’ha demostrat que és tòxic en baixes concentracions. Per aquests motius, és necessari desenvolupar alternatives respectuoses amb el medi ambient per a tractar i valoritzar no només les emissions de SO2 sinó també els efluents líquids rics en sofre. A més, podria recuperar-se sofre elemental d’aquests efluents, la qual cosa brindaria l’oportunitat de recuperar recursos en el marc de l’economia circular. Amb aquestes premisses, el projecte SONOVA, en el qual s’emmarca aquesta tesi, va desenvolupar un procés integral de tractament del SOx i el NOx provinent de gasos de combustió mitjançant processos biològics, econòmics, robustos i respectuosos amb el medi ambient que també tenen en compte la reutilització d’energia i recursos al llarg del procés, així com la valorització de residus. El procés proposat es basa en una primera doble etapa per a l’absorció selectiva de SOx i NOx; una segona etapa biològica per a reduir el sulfat de la primera etapa d’absorció a sulfur d’hidrogen (que és l’objectiu d’estudi d’aquesta tesi); i una tercera etapa biològica per a l’oxidació del sulfur d’hidrogen a sofre elemental i la seva posterior recuperació. El desenvolupament de sistemes biològics, com el reactor de llit anaerobi amb flux ascendent (UASB), han estat implementats per al tractament de diverses aigües residuals i per a la digestió anaeròbia. En aquesta tesi, s’ha estudiat l’ús d’aquest tipus de reactor UASB pel tractament d’aigües sintètiques amb sulfat, específicament, es va seleccionar el glicerol cru com a font de carboni i donador d’electrons. Es van utilitzar tant processos fisicoquímics com tècniques de biologia molecular per a obtenir un major coneixement del procés. Es va estudiar la influència de possibles inhibicions i la competència entre els bacteris reductors de sulfat i els metanògens a fi de millorar l’eliminació de sulfat i la producció de sulfur. Es va observar que en les operacions a llarg termini (després de 200 dies aproximadament) els metanògens desapareixen del sistema i els bacteris reductors del sulfat són els que colonitzen. No obstant això, es va observar una acumulació d’acetat a conseqüència de la desaparició dels metanògens, la qual cosa va donar lloc a una pèrdua de la font de carboni a la sortida del reactor que podria haver-se utilitzat per a produir sulfur. Les operacions a llarg termini permeten detectar altres limitacions del sistema. Al llarg de les operacions en UASB dutes a terme en aquesta tesi, es va observar una pèrdua de l’estructura granular i el creixement d’una biopel·lícula no metanogènica ni sulfat reductora no identificada. Aquesta biopel·lícula, anomenada slime al llarg d’aquesta tesi, es va considerar com un factor crucial que afectava el sistema biològic, conferint propietats com la viscositat al llit granular. En conseqüència, es van poder observar problemes relacionats amb la limitació de transferència de matèria, que afectava també l’activitat sulfat reductora dels grànuls i que va conduir a operacions fallides.
Muchas actividades industriales generan emisiones que contienen compuestos de azufre tanto en efluentes líquidos como emisiones gaseosas, que mayoritariamente son tratadas mediante procesos fisicoquímicos. El sulfato se encuentra generalmente en las aguas residuales de estas industrias, como la industria papelera, la farmacéutica, la minera o la alimentaria. Como tal, el sulfato no es un compuesto nocivo, pero si se vierte en los ríos o en los sistemas de alcantarillado, puede generarse un desequilibrio en el ciclo del azufre. Dentro de este ciclo, el producto final de la reducción de compuestos dentro del mismo es el sulfuro de hidrógeno (H2S). Este compuesto es corrosivo, oloroso y se ha demostrado que es tóxico en bajas concentraciones. Por estos motivos, es necesario desarrollar alternativas respetuosas con el medio ambiente para tratar y valorizar no sólo las emisiones de SO2 sino también los efluentes líquidos ricos en azufre. Además, podría recuperarse azufre elemental de esos efluentes, lo que brindaría la oportunidad de recuperar recursos en el marco de la economía circular. Con estas premisas, el proyecto SONOVA, en el cual se enmarca esta tesis, desarrolló un proceso integral de tratamiento del SOx y el NOx proveniente de gases de combustión mediante procesos biológicos, económicos, robustos y respetuosos con el medio ambiente que también tienen en cuenta la reutilización de energía y recursos a lo largo del proceso, así como la valorización de residuos. El proceso propuesto se basa en una primera doble etapa para la absorción selectiva de SOx y NOx; una segunda etapa biológica para reducir el sulfato de la primera etapa de absorción a sulfuro de hidrógeno (que es el objetivo de estudio de esta tesis); y una tercera etapa biológica para la oxidación del sulfuro de hidrógeno a azufre elemental y su posterior recuperación. El desarrollado de sistemas, como el reactor de lecho de lodo anaerobio de flujo ascendente (UASB), han sido implementados para el tratamiento de diversas aguas residuales y para la digestión anaerobia. En esta tesis, se estudió el uso de este tipo de reactor UASB para el tratamiento de aguas sintéticas con sulfato, específicamente, se seleccionó el glicerol crudo como fuente de carbono y donador de electrones. Se utilizaron tanto procesos fisicoquímicos como técnicas de biología molecular para obtener un mayor conocimiento del proceso. Se estudió la influencia de posibles inhibiciones y la competencia entre las bacterias sulfato reductoras y los metanógenos a fin de mejorar la eliminación de sulfato y la producción de sulfuro. Se observó que en las operaciones a largo plazo (después de 200 días aproximadamente) los metanógenos desaparecen del sistema y las bacterias sulfato reductoras son las que lo colonizan. Sin embargo, se observó una acumulación de acetato como consecuencia de la desaparición de los metanógenos, lo que dio lugar a una pérdida de la fuente de carbono en la salida del reactor que podría haberse utilizado para producir sulfuro. Las operaciones a largo plazo permiten detectar otras limitaciones del sistema. A lo largo de las operaciones del UASB llevadas a cabo en esta tesis, se observó una pérdida de la estructura granular y el crecimiento de una biopelícula no metanogénica ni sulfatoreductora no identificada. Esta biopelícula, llamada slime a lo largo de esta tesis, se consideró como un factor crucial que afectaba a nuestro sistema, confiriendo propiedades como la viscosidad al lodo granular. En consecuencia, se pudieron observar problemas relacionados con la limitación de transferencia de materia, que afectaba también a la actividad sulfato reductora de los gránulos y que condujo a operaciones fallidas.
Many industrial activities generate effluents containing sulfur compounds, both as liquid or gaseous emissions, which are mainly treated through physical-chemical processes. Sulfate is generally present in wastewaters coming from paper, pharmaceutical, mining or food processing industries, among others. As such, sulfate is not a harmful compound, but if it is poured into rivers or sewage systems, an imbalance in the overall sulfur cycle can be generated. Inside this cycle, the last product after the reduction of sulfur compounds is hydrogen sulfide (H2S). This compound is corrosive, odorous and toxic at low concentrations. For these reasons, there is a need to develop environmentally friendly alternatives to valorize not only gaseous emissions, such as SO2 emissions, but also S-rich liquid effluents. In addition, a further recovery of elemental sulfur from these effluents could be obtained providing an opportunity to recover resources in the framework of the circular economy. With these premises, the SONOVA project, in which this thesis is enclosed, is based in the development of a comprehensive treatment process to valorize SOx and NOx from flue gases by economical, robust and environmentally friendly biological methods. It also takes into account the reuse of energy and resources along the process as well as residues valorization. The proposed process is based on a first double stage for selective absorption of SOx and NOx; a second biological step for reducing the sulfate from the first absorption stage to hydrogen sulfide (which is the focus of this thesis); and a third biological stage for the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur and its subsequent recovery. Biological-based systems, such as Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (UASB) reactors, have been developed and implemented world-wide to treat many types of wastewater and to produce biogas through anaerobic digestion. In this thesis, the use of an UASB reactor for the treatment of synthetic wastewater with sulfate was studied, specifically selecting crude glycerol as carbon source and electron donor. Both physical-chemical processes and molecular biology techniques were used to get a broad knowledge of the anaerobic process. The influence of possible inhibitions and competition between sulfate reducers and methanogens was studied in order to improve sulfate removal and sulfide production. It was observed that in long-term operations (after 200 days approximately) methanogens were washed out from the system and sulfate reducers colonized the reactor sludge. However, acetate accumulation was observed because of the disappearance of methanogens, leading to a loss of carbon source in the outlet of the reactor that could have been used to produce sulfide in the UASB. Long-term performances allow detecting further limitations of the system. A loss of granular structure and the growth of unidentified non-sulfate reducer, non-methanogenic biofilm was observed during UASB operations along this thesis. This biofilm, called slime substance along this thesis, was found to be a crucial factor affecting our system, conferring properties such as viscosity to the sludge. Consequently, problems related to mass transfer limitations could be observed, affecting as well, the sulfate reducing activity of the granules and leading to failure operations. Finally, since the accumulation of acetate could not be avoided, experiments were designed to pursue the enrichment of acetate degrading sulfate reducing bacteria in serum bottles, with the final objective of improving sulfidogenesis. In addition, isolation of potential acetate-utilizing sulfate reducers was also pursued. Unfortunately, a culture able to perform sulfate reduction with acetate was not developed during the enrichment experiments. Therefore, further research is needed to enhance the operation in terms of organic matter consumption and sulfide productivity in the long-term.

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Edwards, Cristie LeAnne. "Evaluation of long-term phosphorus fertilizer placement, rate, and source, and research in the U.S. Midwest." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35292.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Agronomy
Dorivar Ruiz Diaz
The appropriate management for phosphorus (P) fertilizer can have significant agronomic, economic, as well as environmental impact. Studies in Kansas have evaluated different management systems to determine best management practices (BMP). The first component of this dissertation is a comprehensive review of tillage system and P fertilizer placement interaction. This review included studies completed in the U.S. Midwest. Results of this review showed greater corn yields with conventional tillage and broadcast applications when soil test P levels (STP) were below 20 mg P kg⁻¹. However, soybean yield was highest in no-till systems with broadcast P fertilizer applications. The second component if this dissertation was a long-term study conducted in Kansas to evaluate the effect of P fertilizer placement on corn and soybean production. Results showed that under strip-tillage, P fertilizer placement significantly affected corn growth, but, seldom resulted in yield response difference among placement methods. Phosphorus application as starter fertilizer at planting showed the most consistent yield response. In addition to the agronomic aspect of this study, the third component of this dissertation consisted of an economic analysis using partial budgets calculated using both fixed and varying prices and costs to compare management practices. With decreased application costs associated with deep banding in strip-tillage system, net returns are greater than broadcast applications. The highest net responses were observed with starter P fertilizer applications. The fourth component of this dissertation included a study evaluating the effects of chelated fertilizer on nutrients, such as P, Fe, Mn, and Zn in soybean. Results from our study showed that both ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)+P and hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (HEDTA)+P resulted in greater concentrations and uptake of Fe and lower Mn uptake in soybean. However, the application of glucoheptonate (GCH)+P had no negative effect on Mn uptake compared to EDTA+P and HEDTA+P. Across locations, EDTA+P and HEDTA+P showed higher yield than GCH+P. The use of long-term studies and comprehensive reviews can provide a unique perspective and better understanding of the most appropriate BMPs for P fertilizer management. Many agronomic and environmental implications of P fertilizer management and the interactions with tillage systems and soils may only become noticeable after multiple years or in a variety of conditions.

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McClure, Clara. "Long-Term Recovery of South Indian Creek Following Interstate Construction." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2296.

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The expansion of Interstate 26 from Erwin, TN to the North Carolina border was a project that potentially adversely impacted South Indian Creek because of the steep landscapes and potential for erosion. Several studies have shown the short-term, negative effects of road construction on the water quality of nearby water bodies. Non-point source pollution is the major source of water pollution in the United States. The primary objective of this research is to evaluate the long-term effects of the construction of Interstate 26 on South Indian Creek to see if there has been any ecological recovery. The Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory of East Tennessee State University was contracted by the Tennessee Department of Transportation to collect data from before construction (1991-1992), during construction (1993-1994), and postconstruction (1995-1996). Comparison of microbial enzyme activities and other parameters to present-day (2012-2013) water quality conditions indicate that South Indian Creek has not fully recovered from the effects of the construction of the interstate.

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Lu, Ning. "LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF DIETARY COPPER SOURCE AND LEVEL ON PERFORMANCE AND HEALTH OF SOWS AND PIGLETS." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/animalsci_etds/85.

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The objectives of this study were to investigate the long-term effects of feeding increasing supplemental levels (20, 120, or 220 mg/kg) of dietary copper (Cu) as tribasic copper chloride (TBCC) or copper sulfate (CuSO4) on performance, antioxidant status, nutrient digestibility, and trace mineral deposition of sows and piglets; as well as to assess nursery dietary Cu levels on growth performance and response to immunological challenge in nursery pigs from sows fed either high or low Cu diets. In the long-term sow experiment, sows fed TBCC diets had greater adjusted weaning weight for litter and piglet (P < 0.10), as well as adjusted litter and piglet weight gain (P < 0.10) when compared to sows that received CuSO4 diets. Increasing dietary Cu level linearly increased live born piglet weight (P = 0.06). Sows fed TBCC diets had lower apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of ether extract (P = 0.01) during late gestation, but greater ATTD of dry matter, nitrogen, and phosphorous during lactation (P < 0.05). Increasing Cu levels linearly increased dry matter digestibility in lactating sows (P = 0.02). Milk from sows fed TBCC diets had a greater concentration of protein (P = 0.02) than that from sows fed CuSO4 diets. Increasing Cu levels increased levels of milk fat and Cu (linear, P < 0.05); but linearly decreased lactose and Zn levels (P < 0.05). Lactating sows fed TBCC diets had a greater activity of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ceruloplasmin in serum than those fed CuSO4 diets (P < 0.05). Increasing dietary Cu levels increased total and Cu/Zn SOD activity for lactating sows (linear, P < 0.05). Sows fed TBCC diets had lower concentrations of Cu (P = 0.04), but higher concentrations of iron and manganese (P < 0.05) in the liver, when compared to those fed with CuSO4 diets. In addition, liver Cu concentrations increased with increasing dietary Cu levels (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05). Increasing dietary Cu levels resulted in the elevation of concentrations and contents of Cu in the liver of weanling piglets (linear, P < 0.0001). In the nursery pig experiment, pigs from sows fed 120 mg/kg Cu diets had greater ADG from d 0 to 14 (P < 0.05), and tended to have greater ADG in the overall period (P < 0.08), when compared to pigs from sows fed 20 mg/kg Cu diets. During the lipopolysaccharide challenge period, the challenged pigs from sows fed 120 mg/kg Cu had a greater overall rectal temperature than those from sows fed 20 mg/kg Cu (P = 0.01). Also, the challenged pigs fed with 220 mg/kg Cu diets had greater serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentration over time as compared to those fed 20 mg/kg Cu diets (P = 0.03). In summary, the TBCC may be a superior Cu source compared to CuSO4 regarding reproductive performance, and higher dietary Cu levels result in greater birth weight of piglets; furthermore, high Cu levels in sow and nursery diets promote growth performance of nursery pigs and affects their responses to immunological challenge.

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Long, Peter Vincent. "Estimating the long-term health effects associated with health insurance and usual source of care at the population level." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1779835391&sid=18&Fmt=2&clientId=48051&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Ozturk, Fatma. "Investigation Of Short And Long Term Trends In The Eastern Mediterranean Aerosol Composition." Phd thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610373/index.pdf.

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Approximately 2000 daily aerosol samples were collected at Antalya (30°
34&
#900
30.54 E, 36°
47&
#8217
30.54N) on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey between 1993 and 2001. High volume PM10 sampler was used for the collection of samples on Whatman&
#8211
41 filters. Collected samples were analyzed by a combination of analytical techniques. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) was used to measure trace element content of the collected samples from Li to U. Major ions, namely, SO42- and NO3-, were determined by employing Ion Chromatography (IC). Samples were analyzed in terms of their NH4+ contents by means of Colorimetry. Evaluation of short term trends of measured parameters have been shown that elements with marine and crustal origin are more episodic as compared to anthropogenic ones. Most of the parameters showed well defined seasonal cycles, for example, concentrations of crustal elements increased in summer season while winter concentrations of marine elements were considerably higher than associated values for summer. Seasonal Kendall statistic depicted that there was a decreasing trend for crustal elements such as Be, Co, Al, Na, Mg, K, Dy, Ho, Tm, Cs and Eu. Lead, As, Se and Ge were the anhtropogenic elements that decreasing trend was detected in the course of study period. Cluster and Residence time analysis were performed to find the origin of air masses arrving to Eastern Mediterranena Basin. It has been found that air masses reaching to our station resided more on Balkans and Eastern Europe. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) resolved eight factors influencing the chemical composition of Eastern Mediterranean aerosols as local dust, Saharan dust, oil combustion, coal combustion, crustal-anthropogenic mixed, sea salt, motor vehicle emission, and local Sb factor.

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Bonte, Achim. "Goobi wird Verein." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-101855.

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Mit der Gründung des Vereins „Goobi. Digitalisieren im Verein“ am 17. September 2012 hat das Wort „Goobi“ eine weitere Bedeutung erhalten. Goobi ist die verbreitetste Open Source-Software zur Produktion und Präsentation von Digitalisaten. Sie ist Markenzeichen für Plattformunabhängigkeit, Modularität, Mandantenfähigkeit, offene Schnittstellen und internationale Standards. Sie steht für umfassende Lösungen zur Boutique- und Massendigitalisierung sowie skalierbare Unterstützungsleistungen durch namhafte Firmen; und seit einigen Wochen ist Goobi nun also auch ein eingetragener Verein mit anerkannter Gemeinnützigkeit. [...]

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Elmendorf, Sarah C., Katherine D. Jones, Benjamin I. Cook, Jeffrey M. Diez, Carolyn A. F. Enquist, Rebecca A. Hufft, Matthew O. Jones, et al. "The plant phenology monitoring design for The National Ecological Observatory Network." WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/617002.

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Phenology is an integrative science that comprises the study of recurring biological activities or events. In an era of rapidly changing climate, the relationship between the timing of those events and environmental cues such as temperature, snowmelt, water availability, or day length are of particular interest. This article provides an overview of the observer-based plant phenology sampling conducted by the U.S. National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), the resulting data, and the rationale behind the design. Trained technicians will conduct regular in situ observations of plant phenology at all terrestrial NEON sites for the 30-yr life of the observatory. Standardized and coordinated data across the network of sites can be used to quantify the direction and magnitude of the relationships between phenology and environmental forcings, as well as the degree to which these relationships vary among sites, among species, among phenophases, and through time. Vegetation at NEON sites will also be monitored with tower-based cameras, satellite remote sensing, and annual high-resolution airborne remote sensing. Ground-based measurements can be used to calibrate and improve satellite-derived phenometrics. NEON's phenology monitoring design is complementary to existing phenology research efforts and citizen science initiatives throughout the world and will produce interoperable data. By collocating plant phenology observations with a suite of additional meteorological, biophysical, and ecological measurements (e.g., climate, carbon flux, plant productivity, population dynamics of consumers) at 47 terrestrial sites, the NEON design will enable continental-scale inference about the status, trends, causes, and ecological consequences of phenological change.

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Dunja, Rađenović. "Uticaj starenja stabilizovanog i solidifikovanog sedimenta na strukturne karakteristike matriksa i izluživanje metala." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2020. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=114883&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Predmet izučavanja ove disertacije obuhvatio je ispitivanje uticaja starenja stabilizovanog/solidifikovanog (S/S) sedimenta zagađenog teškim metalima i arsenom, i efikasnost primenjenih imobilizacionih agenasa (Portland cement, kreč, leteći pepeo, zeolit, montmorilonit i kaolinit) nakon dugogodišnjeg starenja S/S smeša. Shodno tome ispitana je dugoročna stabilnost i postojanost dobijenih S/S smeša sa aspekta izluživanja pomenutih metala, promene u minerološkim i strukturnim karakteristikama, kao i uticaj sušenja i zrenja materijala na pomenute parametre. Istraživanja u disertaciji obuhvatila su dve faze. Prva faza imala je za cilj procenu rizika i početnu karakterizaciju netretiranog sedimenta primenom analize pseudo-ukupnog sadržaja metala kojom je utvrđen sadržaj metala u početnom uzorku sedimenta. Druga faza uključivala je primenu tretmana stabilizacije i solidifikacije na kontaminirani sediment dodavanjem različitih imobilizacionih agenasa. Analize su se vršile nakon 7 i 28 dana od primenjenog S/S tretmana, kao i nakon 7 godina sa ciljem da se utvrdi uticaj višegodišnjeg starenja i zrenja monolitnih smeša na mobilnost metala i strukturne karakteristike smeša. U okviru druge faze istraživanja ispitana je toksičnost S/S smeša primenom DIN i TCLP testova izluživanja, dok je test toksičnosti primenom bakterija Vibrio Fischeri doprineo u sagledavanju procene rizika S/S smeša po organizme. Nakon 28 dana i 7 godina korišćena je sekvencijalna ekstrakcija za određivanje mobilnost i biodostupnost metala u monolitnim matriksima. U cilju utvrđivanja mikrostukturnih karakteristika sedimenta primenjena je rendgenska difrakciona analiza (XRD) za ispitivanje kristalnih struktura S/S smeša i detekciju mineralnog sastava. Pomoću elektronskog mikroskopa i energodisperzivnog detektora sa X-zrakom (SEM/EDS) određena je kvalitativna i kvantitativna distribucija metala i drugih elemenata od interesa, dok se za identifikaciju formiranih funkcionalnih grupa u monolitnim smešama primenio spektrometar sa infracrvenom Furijeovom transformacijom (FTIR). Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata zaključeno je da se mobilnost teških metala i arsena značajno smanjila nakon 7 godina za smeše tretirane cementom (C5), krečom (L10), letećim pepelom (F30) i kaolinitom (K20), a efekat stabilizacije je pokazan transformacijom metala iz direktne toksične frakcije u stabilnije oblike. Smeše C5 i K20 ispoljavaju najmanje toksične efekate od svih smeša, jer je procenat inhibicije na bioluminiscentnim bakterijama manji od 13%, dok je u pogledu izdržljivosti monolitna smeša C5 pokazala najveću pritisnu čvrstoću od svih smeša. Dobijeni podaci su neprocenjivi za dobijanje stvarnog uvida u dugoročnu efikasnost primenjenog tretmana i mogućnost bezbedne upotrebe ili odlaganja dobijenih S/S smeša sa aspekta zaštite životne sredine, kao i ekonomski i ekološki prihvatljivog upravljanja opasnim otpadom.
The subject of study in this dissertation included to investigate the effect of aging of stabilized/solidified (S/S) sediment contaminated with heavy metals and arsenic, and the efficacy of the applied immobilization agent (Portland cement, lime, fly ash, zeolite, montmorillonite and kaolinite) after long-term aging of S/S mixtures. Thelong - term stability and stability of the obtained S/S mixtures from the aspect of leaching of the mentioned metals, changes in mineralogical and structural characteristics, as well as the influence of drying and maturation of the material on the mentioned parameters were examined. The research in the dissertation included two phases. The first phase aimed at risk assessment and initial characterization of untreated sediment using pseudo-total metal content analysis which determined themetal content in the initial sediment sample. The second phase involved applying stabilization and solidification treatments to the contaminated sediment by adding various immobilizing agents. The analyzes were performed after 7 and 28 days from the applied S/S treatment, as well as after 7 years in order to determine the influence of perennial aging and maturation of monolithic mixtures on metal mobility and structural characteristics of the mixtures. In the second phase of the study, the toxicity of S/S mixtures using DIN and TCLP leaching tests was examined, while the toxicity test using bacteria Vibrio Fischeri contributed to the assessment of the risk of S/S mixtures to organisms. After 28 days and 7 years, sequential extraction was used to determine the mobility and bioavailability of metals in monolithic matrices. In order to determine the microstructural characteristics of the sediment, x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) was used to examine the crystal structures of S/S mixtures and to detect the mineral composition. The qualitative and quantitative distribution of metals and other elements of interest was determined using an electron microscope and an energy-dispersive X-ray detector (SEM / EDS), while an infrared Fourier transform spectrometer(FTIR) was used to identify the formed functional groups in monolithic mixtures. Based on the obtained results, it was concluded that the mobility of heavy metals and arsenic decreased significantly after 7 years for mixtures treated with cement (C5), lime (L10), fly ash (F30) and kaolinite (K20), and the stabilization effect was shown by transformation of metals from direct toxic fractions into more stable forms. Mixtures C5 and K20 exhibit the least toxic effects of all mixtures, because the percentage of inhibition on bioluminescent bacteria is less than 13%, while in terms of durability, the monolithic mixture C5 showed the highest compressive strength of all mixtures. The obtained data are invaluable for gaining real insight into the long-term efficiency of the applied treatment and the possibility of safe use or disposal of the obtained S/S mixtures from the aspect of environmental protection, as well as economically and ecologically acceptable hazardous waste management.

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12

Topinka, Zdeněk. "Modelace možných finančních zdrojů na pořízení nemovitosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232841.

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The aim of the works was analyze possible to sources financial resources for financing immovables in Czech republic. Sources were to be surveyed for needs personal living and needs business. In diploma work work are circumscribed individual possibilities, their criteria and their usage. Thesis is tipped modelling situation and her solving.

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Srđan, Savić. "Когнитивно инспирисани рачунарски модел меморије са применама у роботици." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2018. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=107181&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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У дисертацији је представљен нови рачунарски моделдуготрајне меморије, намењен за примене у конверзаци-оним роботским агентима. Предложени модел је симболи-чки, са методолошког аспекта, и инспирисан је изабранимкогнитивним механизмима људског меморијског система,који укључују интеграцију менталних репрезентација,семантичку категоризацију, асоцијативно учење и контек-стно зависно селектовање информација. У основи моделасе налази симболички приступ за аутоматско моделовањедомена интеракције између човека и робота. Релевантнифункциoнaлни aспeкт предложеног модела oднoси се нaпрoблeме адекватног aктивирaњa делова дуготрајнемeмoриje, у складу са спољашњим стимулансима, истори-јом интеракције и тренутним контекстом интеракције. Нивоапстракције у спецификацији модела је довољан даомогући примену модела у широком спектру просторних,униформних домена који су карактеристични за интеракцијуизмеђу човека и робота, а ниво детаља у спецификацији једовољан за рачунарску имплементацију модела.
U disertaciji je predstavljen novi računarski modeldugotrajne memorije, namenjen za primene u konverzaci-onim robotskim agentima. Predloženi model je simboli-čki, sa metodološkog aspekta, i inspirisan je izabranimkognitivnim mehanizmima ljudskog memorijskog sistema,koji uključuju integraciju mentalnih reprezentacija,semantičku kategorizaciju, asocijativno učenje i kontek-stno zavisno selektovanje informacija. U osnovi modelase nalazi simbolički pristup za automatsko modelovanjedomena interakcije između čoveka i robota. Relevantnifunkcionalni aspekt predloženog modela odnosi se naprobleme adekvatnog aktiviranja delova dugotrajnememorije, u skladu sa spoljašnjim stimulansima, istori-jom interakcije i trenutnim kontekstom interakcije. Nivoapstrakcije u specifikaciji modela je dovoljan daomogući primenu modela u širokom spektru prostornih,uniformnih domena koji su karakteristični za interakcijuizmeđu čoveka i robota, a nivo detalja u specifikaciji jedovoljan za računarsku implementaciju modela.
This dissertation proposes a novel computational model oflong-term memory intended for applications in conversationalrobotic agents. The proposed model is symbolic, from themethodological point of view, and cognitively-inspired byselected cognitive mechanisms of the human memory system,including integration of mental representations, semanticcategorization, associative learning, and context-dependentinformation selection. In the core of the model there is asymbolic approach to automatic modeling of domains ofhuman-robot interaction. The relevant functional aspect of theproposed model concerns the problems of context-dependentretrieval from long-term memory, in accordance with externalstimuli, the interaction history, and the current context ofinteraction. The level of abstraction in the model is sufficient toenable generalization of the model over a range of spatial,uniform domains that are characterical for human-robotinteraction, while the level of detail contained in thespecification of the model is sufficient for a computationalimplementation.

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LaPerrière, Barbara P. "Sources of stress for children of parents in long-term care facilities." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69731.

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A stress, appraisal, and coping framework was used to explore the sources of stress for adult children of elderly parents residing in long-term care facilities and their perceived self-efficacy in managing the stressful events of caregiving. Sixty-four daughters and sons of parents in three long-term care facilities completed interviews and questionnaires. Events related to the parents' behaviour and cognitive status were more frequently appraised by their children as stressful and were appraised as more stressful than those related to assisting parents with activities of daily living or to events associated with the long-term care facility itself. Characteristics of the parent were more significantly related to the appraisal of caregiving events as stressful than were those of the adult child or the caregiving situation. In general, adult children were most confident in managing the stress associated with assisting their parents with activities of daily living and least confident in dealing with the stress related to interactions between their parents and the staff and between themselves and the staff. Practice implications for nurses working in long-term care facilities are discussed.

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15

Wen, Linqing 1969. "A study of the long-term behavior of galactic X-ray sources with RXTE." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8278.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-157).
I have carried out several investigations of the long-term behavior of galactic X-ray sources using the 4.5-year database of the All Sky Monitor (ASM), and pointed observations made with the Proportional Counter Array (PCA) on board the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). I have conducted a systematic search through the ASM data of all the 300 X-ray sources monitored for evidence of periodic behavior. Follow-up investigations are pursued on the discoveries I made in (1) the state transition and orbital modulation of the black hole candidate Cyg X-1; (2) a 4.4-d period in a previously poorly-known X-ray source X 1908+075; and (3) a 98-d period in another previously poorly known X-ray source XTE J1716-389. In Cyg X-1, I have detected its orbital period in the low-hard state but not in the high-soft state. I show that absorption of X-rays by a stellar wind from the companion star can reproduce the observed modulations in the hard state. To explain the low orbital modulation in the soft-state data, a reduction of the wind density during the soft state would be required. In addition, I have discovered an evolution of the correlation between the 1.5-12 keV X-ray count rate of Cyg X-1 and its spectral hardness during the 1996 spectral state transition. I present a quantitative study of this evolution using both the ASM and the PCA data. Implications of our findings are discussed. I have discovered a 4.4-d period in the ASM light curves of the X-ray source XTE J1716-389. I present the results of the investigations on this 98-d periodic modulation using both the ASM and the PCA data. The possible cause of this period and the nature of this system are discussed.
by Linqing Wen.
Ph.D.

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LJiljana, Pecić. "Reinženjering preduzeća kao tehnika savremenog menadžmenta." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Tehnički fakultet Mihajlo Pupin u Zrenjaninu, 2015. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=93765&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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U radu se iskazuje potreba za obavljanjem reinţenjeringa preduzeća (RP), kao radikalno novog totalnog procesnog organizovanja preduzeća sa tendencijom ostvarivanja TQM-a (totalno procesno organizovanje preduzeća po prvi put je inţenjering preduzeća (IR)). Takođe, u radu se daje odgovarajuća metodologija za obavljanje inţenjeringa I reinţenjeringa preduzeća i iskazuje ĉinjenica da obavljanje svakog inţenjeringa i reinţenjeringa preduzeća, kao i funkcionisanje TQM-a podrazumeva postojanje menadţmenta u preduzeću koji se stalno inovira.Rad istiĉe ĉinjenicu da u procesnom organizovanju preduzeća treba da se razlikuje selekcionistiĉki pristup koji prvenstveno odgovara naprednim preduzećima u razvijenoj svetskoj privredi i totalistiĉki pristup, koji rad obrađuje, a koji prevashodno odgovara svim ostalim preduzećima. Osnovni kriterijum koji odreĊuje kad koji pristup treba da bude upotrebljen je kvalitet posedovanne marketinške organizacione culture. Ako je posedovana marketinška organizaciona kultura zadovoljavajuća onda za ostvarivanje procesnog organizovanja treba da bude upotrebljen postojeći selekcionistiĉki pristup, dok u suprotnom sluĉaju, koji je daleko rasprostranjeni, treba da bude primenjen totalistiĉki pristup, koga rad obrađuje.U radu je obrađen model za identifikaciju kvaliteta postojeće marketinške organizacione kulture preduzeća i iskazan naĉin pokretanja reinţenjeringa na primeru konkretnog preduzeća sloţenog karaktera i naĉin kako se identifikuju koristi od njegovog obavljanja u poĉetnoj fazi obavljanja (prve dve godine od njegovog pokretanja).Obavljeno istraţivanje je prevashodno analitiĉko deskriptivnog karaktera u okviru kog se dokazivanje postavljenih operativnih hipoteza vršilo po odgovarajućim radnim poglavljima koja nose njihove nazive. Takođe, u sklopu obavljanja istraţivanja data su odgovarajuća razjašnjenja pojmova: vizija, misija, opšti cilj, strategija ostvarivanja opšteg cilja, identifikovanje radne strukture i strukture radnih procesa, modeliranje poslovne strukture i strukture poslovnih procesa, i definisanje procesne organizacione strukture preduzeća sa uspostavljanjem novog baziĉnog marketinški orjentisanog organizacionog modela. Ostvarivanje ovakvog organizacionog poduhvata definisano je odgovarajućom specijalnom grafiĉkom interpretacijom. Na primeru jednog sloţenog preduzeća dokazano je, kroz poĉetne rezultate, da jedan ovakav pristup daje zadovoljavajuće rezultate.
The paper shows the need for the re-engineering of the company (RP), as performing a radical new process of organizing the total tendency of TQM implementation, called Enterprise Engineering (IE). It also provides an appropriate methodology for their performing and reflect the fact that the performance of each engineering and re-engineering enterprises, as well as the functioning of TQM, implies the existence of management in a company, that is constantly innovating.The paper highlights the fact that in the process organizing the company we shoulddistinguish differ process selection approach (that is suitable for advanced enterprises in developed world economy) and totalistic approach (which mainly corresponds to other companies). The main criterion that determines when that approach should be used, is the quality of subsumed marketing organizational culture. If the marketing possessed organizational culture is satisfactory then for the process of organizing should be used selection approach, while in the opposite case, which is far distributed, should be applied totalistic approach, which this paper deals with.The paper describes a model for identification the quality of the existing marketing organizational culture, of the company and shown the way to start re-engineering through example of a particular complex company and find way how to identify the benefits of its performance in the beginning phase (the first two years of its launch).Conducted research has primarily analytical-descriptive character, within which is done proving the set of operational hypotheses through relevant chapters which take their names. Also, through research performing are given adequate clarifications of terms: vision, mission, objective, strategy for achieving public goals, identifying the labor structure and structure of work processes, modeling the business structure and the structure of business processes, defining process organized structure of the company to establish a new base market oriented organizational model. The exercise of such organizational enterprise defines appropriate special graphical interpretation.

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Zuccato, Diego. "Progettazione e realizzazione di un portale multi-Ente." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17920/.

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18

Willschütz, Hans-Georg. "CFD-Calculations to a Core Catcher Benchmark." Forschungszentrum Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-30419.

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There are numerous experiments for the exploration of the corium spreading behaviour, but comparable data have not been available up to now in the field of the long term behaviour of a corium expanded in a core catcher. The difficulty consists in the experimental simulation of the decay heat that can be neglected for the short-run course of events like relocation and spreading, which must, however, be considered during investigation of the long time behaviour. Therefore the German GRS, defined together with Battelle Ingenieurtechnik a benchmark problem in order to determine particular problems and differences of CFD codes simulating an expanded corium and from this, requirements for a reasonable measurement of experiments, that will be performed later. First the finite-volume-codes Comet 1.023, CFX 4.2 and CFX-TASCflow were used. To be able to make comparisons to a finite-element-code, now calculations are performed at the Institute of Safety Research at the Forschungszentrum Rossendorf with the code ANSYS/FLOTRAN.For the benchmark calculations of stage 1 a pure and liquid melt with internal heat sources was assumed uniformly distributed over the area of the planned core catcher of a EPR plant. Using the Standard-k-e-turbulence model and assuming an initial state of a motionless superheated melt several large convection rolls will establish within the melt pool. The temperatures at the surface do not sink to a solidification level due to the enhanced convection heat transfer. The temperature gradients at the surface are relatively flat while there are steep gradients at the ground where the no slip condition is applied. But even at the ground no solidification temperatures are observed. Although the problem in the ANSYS-calculations is handled two-dimensional and not three-dimensional like in the finite-volume-codes, there are no fundamental deviations to the results of the other codes.

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Willschütz, Hans-Georg. "CFD-Calculations to a Core Catcher Benchmark." Forschungszentrum Rossendorf, 1999. https://hzdr.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21868.

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There are numerous experiments for the exploration of the corium spreading behaviour, but comparable data have not been available up to now in the field of the long term behaviour of a corium expanded in a core catcher. The difficulty consists in the experimental simulation of the decay heat that can be neglected for the short-run course of events like relocation and spreading, which must, however, be considered during investigation of the long time behaviour. Therefore the German GRS, defined together with Battelle Ingenieurtechnik a benchmark problem in order to determine particular problems and differences of CFD codes simulating an expanded corium and from this, requirements for a reasonable measurement of experiments, that will be performed later. First the finite-volume-codes Comet 1.023, CFX 4.2 and CFX-TASCflow were used. To be able to make comparisons to a finite-element-code, now calculations are performed at the Institute of Safety Research at the Forschungszentrum Rossendorf with the code ANSYS/FLOTRAN.For the benchmark calculations of stage 1 a pure and liquid melt with internal heat sources was assumed uniformly distributed over the area of the planned core catcher of a EPR plant. Using the Standard-k-e-turbulence model and assuming an initial state of a motionless superheated melt several large convection rolls will establish within the melt pool. The temperatures at the surface do not sink to a solidification level due to the enhanced convection heat transfer. The temperature gradients at the surface are relatively flat while there are steep gradients at the ground where the no slip condition is applied. But even at the ground no solidification temperatures are observed. Although the problem in the ANSYS-calculations is handled two-dimensional and not three-dimensional like in the finite-volume-codes, there are no fundamental deviations to the results of the other codes.

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20

Larson, Richard Winston. "Disruptive innovation and naval power : strategic and financial implications of unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) and long-term underwater power sources." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87959.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 111-121).
The naval warfare environment is rapidly changing. The U.S. Navy is adapting by continuing its blue-water dominance while simultaneously building brown-water capabilities. Unmanned systems, such as unmanned airborne drones, are proving pivotal in facing new battlefield challenges. Unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) are emerging as the Navy's seaborne equivalent of the Air Force's drones. Representing a low-end disruptive technology relative to traditional shipborne operations, UUVs are becoming capable of taking on increasingly complex roles, tipping the scales of battlefield entropy. They improve mission outcomes and operate for a fraction of the cost of traditional operations. Furthermore, long-term underwater power sources at currently under development at MIT will extend UUV range and operational endurance by an order of magnitude. Installing these systems will not only allow UUVs to complete new, previously impossible missions, but will also radically decrease costs. I explore the financial and strategic implications of UUVs and long-term underwater power sources to the Navy and its future operations. By examining current naval operations and the ways in which UUVs could complement or replace divers and ships, I identify ways to use UUV technology to reduce risk to human life, decrease costs, and leverage the technology learning curve. I conclude that significant cost savings are immediately available with the widespread use of UUVs, and current research investment levels are inadequate in comparison with the risks and rewards of UUV programs.
by Richard Winston Larson.
S.M.

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Herold, Hendrik. "An Evolutionary Approach to Adaptive Image Analysis for Retrieving and Long-term Monitoring Historical Land Use from Spatiotemporally Heterogeneous Map Sources." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-199355.

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Land use changes have become a major contributor to the anthropogenic global change. The ongoing dispersion and concentration of the human species, being at their orders unprecedented, have indisputably altered Earth’s surface and atmosphere. The effects are so salient and irreversible that a new geological epoch, following the interglacial Holocene, has been announced: the Anthropocene. While its onset is by some scholars dated back to the Neolithic revolution, it is commonly referred to the late 18th century. The rapid development since the industrial revolution and its implications gave rise to an increasing awareness of the extensive anthropogenic land change and led to an urgent need for sustainable strategies for land use and land management. By preserving of landscape and settlement patterns at discrete points in time, archival geospatial data sources such as remote sensing imagery and historical geotopographic maps, in particular, could give evidence of the dynamic land use change during this crucial period. In this context, this thesis set out to explore the potentials of retrospective geoinformation for monitoring, communicating, modeling and eventually understanding the complex and gradually evolving processes of land cover and land use change. Currently, large amounts of geospatial data sources such as archival maps are being worldwide made online accessible by libraries and national mapping agencies. Despite their abundance and relevance, the usage of historical land use and land cover information in research is still often hindered by the laborious visual interpretation, limiting the temporal and spatial coverage of studies. Thus, the core of the thesis is dedicated to the computational acquisition of geoinformation from archival map sources by means of digital image analysis. Based on a comprehensive review of literature as well as the data and proposed algorithms, two major challenges for long-term retrospective information acquisition and change detection were identified: first, the diversity of geographical entity representations over space and time, and second, the uncertainty inherent to both the data source itself and its utilization for land change detection. To address the former challenge, image segmentation is considered a global non-linear optimization problem. The segmentation methods and parameters are adjusted using a metaheuristic, evolutionary approach. For preserving adaptability in high level image analysis, a hybrid model- and data-driven strategy, combining a knowledge-based and a neural net classifier, is recommended. To address the second challenge, a probabilistic object- and field-based change detection approach for modeling the positional, thematic, and temporal uncertainty adherent to both data and processing, is developed. Experimental results indicate the suitability of the methodology in support of land change monitoring. In conclusion, potentials of application and directions for further research are given.

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Petitet, Marie. "Long-term dynamics of investment decisions in electricity markets with variable renewables development and adequacy objectives." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED032/document.

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Les marchés électriques libéralisés sont supposés assurer la coordination de long terme des investissements afin de garantir sécurité d’approvisionnement, viabilité et compétitivité. Dans le modèle de référence energy-only, la formation des prix par alignement sur le coût variable de l’équipement marginal sur les marchés horaires successifs fournit un signal prix pour les investisseurs. Cependant, en pratique, ce modèle est remis en question quant à sa capacité à déclencher des investissements dans les technologies bas-carbone et en particulier les énergies renouvelables (EnR) et quant à sa capacité à garantir la sécurité d’approvisionnement. Cette thèse cherche d’abord à caractériser ces deux défaillances de marché puis s’intéresse à différentes solutions pour faire face à chacune d’entre elles. Pour cela, la réflexion s’appuie sur un modèle en System Dynamics développé afin de simuler les investissements dans les marchés électriques.D’une part, les résultats montrent que le remplacement des mécanismes de support hors marché par des investissements par le marché avec l’aide d’un prix du carbone apparait comme une solution pour déclencher le développement des EnR à condition d'un engagement politique fort en faveur d’un prix du carbone élevé. D’autre part, il apparait aussi que le marché energy-only avec des prix plafonnés ne parvient pas à assurer l’adéquation de capacité. L’ajout d’un marché de capacité ou la suppression du plafond de prix permettent une amélioration en termes de nombre d’heure de délestage et de bien-être collectif. De plus, le marché de capacité apparaît comme le meilleur choix pour le régulateur parmi les architectures de marché considérées
In liberalised electricity systems, power markets are expected to ensure the long-term coordination of investments in order to guarantee security of supply, sustainability and competitiveness. In the reference energy-only market, it relies on the ability of power markets — where the hourly price is aligned with the marginal cost of the system — to provide an adequate price-signal for investors. However, in practice, questions have been raised about its ability to trigger investments in low-carbon technologies including in particular Renewable Energy Sources of Electricity (RES-E), and its ability to ensure capacity adequacy. After a characterisation of these market failures, this dissertation tackles the two research topics within a methodological framework based on a System Dynamics model developed to simulate private investment decisions in power markets.First, the results show that substituting out-of-market support mechanisms for RES-E by market-based investments helped by the sole implementation of a carbon price appears as a feasible solution to trigger RES-E development providing that there is a political commitment on a high carbon price. Second, it also appears that the energy-only market with price cap is ineffective to ensure capacity adequacy. Adding a capacity market or removing the price cap both bring benefits in terms of loss of load expectation and social welfare. Moreover, the capacity market is identified as the best option for regulators among the considered market designs

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Murphy, Michael W., and Michael E. Barkenhagen. "The Sunset Supply Base long term COTS supportability, implementing affordable methods and processes." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1154.

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Approved for public release; distribution in unlimited.
This thesis represents a cross Systems Command (NAVSEA/NAVAIR) developed product. The product - the Sunset Supply Base (SSB) system - provides a complete system for addressing the risks and supportability issues involved with Commercial Off the Shelf (COTS) products in Navy combat and support systems. The SSB system was implemented on three Navy combat weapon systems at various phases of the product development life cycle. The main body provides to the Program Management Offices (PMO) and other decision makers, a high level summary of performance expectations. Appendix A - The Sunset Supply Base Architecture - identifies at a high level of abstraction a collaborative architecture providing a roadmap for design and development of the SSB system. Appendix B - The Systems Engineering Development and Implementation (SEDI) plan - is a prescriptive or "How to" manual describing activities that have been used to successfully implement the SSB system. Appendix C - Business Case Analysis (BCA) - presents the data collected as a result of SEDI plan implementation then addresses the business/programmatic attributes showing the viability and value proposition possible through the SSB system. Appendix D - The Marketing Plan for the SSB system - defines methods and practices necessary to establish the SSB system as the alternative of choice.
Chemical Engineer, United States Navy
Systems Engineer, United States Navy

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Estruch, Cucarella Guillem. "ASSESSMENT OF THE LONG-TERM IMPACT OF HIGH PLANT PROTEIN DIETS ON THE INTESTINAL STATUS OF THE ON-GROWING GILTHEAD SEA BREAM (Sparus aurata, L.)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/113063.

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Aunque el uso de altos niveles de fuentes de proteína vegetal en piensos para doradas de engorde se ha alcanzado con éxito en cuanto al crecimiento, estas dietas todavía están asociadas a efectos negativos en la eficiencia nutricional y en la capacidad inmunitaria. El intestino es el órgano donde se produce la primera interacción entre el pez, los nutrientes y las bacterias del medio, y desarrolla un papel crucial en la digestión de los nutrientes y la respuesta infamatoria e inmune. Esta tesis doctoral se centra en el impacto de distintas dietas con altos niveles de proteína vegetal, y especialmente, en la evaluación del estatus intestinal de las doradas de engorde alimentadas con altos niveles de sustitución de la harina de pescado durante un periodo largo de tiempo. Los cambios observados en el intestino se caracterizaron mediante el uso de distintas estrategias, como el análisis de la digestibilidad y la retención de amino ácidos, de la excreción de amonio, de la actividad de enzimas digestivos, de los cambios histológico o de la expresión de genes relacionados con la función y el mantenimiento de la arquitectura intestinal, así como técnicas ómicas para el análisis del proteoma y de la microbiota intestinal. Se ensayaron distintos niveles de sustitución de harina de pescado, pero el impacto de las dietas con una sustitución completa, bien complementada con subproductos de origen marino o suplementada con aminoácidos libres sintéticos, recibió mayor atención. La sustitución completa de la harina de pescado provocó una reducción, aunque ligera, del crecimiento y de la eficiencia digestiva y nutritiva de la dorada de engorde, aunque el impacto sobre el crecimiento era mayor cuando los peces eran alimentados desde la época de juveniles con estas dietas. La digestibilidad y el nivel de síntesis de proteína se vio alterada, aunque no se observaron diferencias significativas en la actividad enzimática digestiva. No obstante, el impacto de las fuentes vegetales cuando no había fuentes de proteína marina en la dieta era especialmente crítico para la supervivencia de los peces. En el intestino de estos peces solo se observaron diferencias menores relacionadas con la inflamación a nivel histológico, pero también se observó una disminución en la expresión génica de genes involucrados en la inflamación y la respuesta inmune. El análisis de la microbiota intestinal reveló cambios significativos en la composición de su composición, especialmente en el intestino posterior, sugiriendo una posible falta de capacidad de regular la respuesta inmune y de modular la colonización de bacterias patógenas tras un largo periodo de alimentación con esta dieta. Por otro lado, el análisis del proteoma de la mucosa intestinal también mostró un claro impacto sobre distintos procesos biológicos relacionados con el mantenimiento del homeostasis intestinal y de la integridad epitelial. Por el contrario, no se observó un impacto de la sustitución de la harina de pescado a nivel de expresión génica o del proteoma cuando se incorporaba a la dieta una fuente de proteína marina complementaria, aunque sí que se observaron algunos signos menores de inflamación. Por último, se desarrolló un sistema ex vivo para estudiar la respuesta inflamatoria e inmune de la mucosa intestinal a la presencia de distintas bacterias, y se realizó un ensayo preliminar en dorada para evaluar el efecto de la dieta sobre esta respuesta. En resumen, en este trabajo se ha realizado una evaluación extensa y detallada de los efectos a nivel intestinal de la inclusión de altos niveles de proteína vegetal en la dieta para doradas de engorde. Los resultados indican que las alteraciones en la capacidad inmune, la homeostasis y la microbiota intestinal aparecían solo cuando la proteína procedía exclusivamente de fuentes vegetales, y podrían explicar la mayor mortalidad registrada con esta dieta.
Malgrat que la utilització d'alts nivells de proteïna vegetal en pinsos per a dorades en la fase d'engreixament s'ha aconseguit amb èxit en quan al creixement, aquestes dietes encara s'associen amb freqüència amb efectes negatius en l'eficiència nutricional i la capacitat immunitària. L'intestí és l'òrgan on es produeix la primera interacció entre el peix, els nutrients de la dieta i les bactèries de l'ambient, i juga un paper fonamental en la digestió dels nutrients i en la resposta inflamatòria i immune. Aquesta tesi doctoral es centra en l'impacte de diferents dietes experimentals amb un alt nivell de proteïna vegetal, i especialment, en l'avaluació de l'estat de l'intestí de les dorades d'engreixament alimentades durant un llarg període amb alts nivells de substitució de farina de peix. Els distints canvis observats a nivell intestinal es van descriure mitjançant l'ús de distintes estratègies, com l'anàlisi de la digestibilitat i la retenció dels aminoàcids, de l'excreció d'amoni i de l'activitat enzimàtica, dels canvis histològic o de l'expressió de gens relacionats amb la funció i el manteniment de l'estructura intestinal, així com tècniques òmiques per a l'anàlisi del proteoma i de la microbiota intestinal. Es van assatjar diferents nivells de substitució de farina de peix, però l'impacte de les dietes amb substitució completa, bé complementada amb subproductes d'origen marí o suplementada amb aminoàcids lliures sintètics, va rebre major atenció. La substitució completa de la farina de peix va tenir un efecte lleugerament negatiu sobre el creixement i l'eficiència digestiva i nutritiva de la dorada d'engreixament, encara que l'impacte era major quan els peixos eren alimentats des de la fase de juvenils amb aquesta dieta. La digestibilitat i el nivell de síntesis de proteïna es va veure alterada, encara que no s'observaren diferències significatives en l'activitat dels enzims digestius. No obstant, l'impacte de les fonts vegetals quan s'eliminaven per complet les fonts de proteïna marina de la dieta era especialment crític en la supervivència dels peixos. En l'intestí d'aquests peixos sols s'observaren xicotets indicis d'inflamació a nivell histològic, però també es va observar una disminució l'expressió de gens involucrats amb el procés inflamatori i la resposta immune. L'estudi de la microbiota intestinal va revelar canvis significatius en la composició, especialment a l'intestí posterior, suggerint una possible falta de capacitat de regular la resposta immunitària i de modular la colonització per part de patògens després d'un llarg període d'alimentació amb aquesta dieta. D'altra banda, l'anàlisi del proteoma de la mucosa intestinal també va mostrar un impacte clar sobre diferents processos biològics relacionats amb el manteniment de l'homeòstasi intestinal i de la integritat de l'epiteli. Per contra, no es van observar un impacte de la substitució de la farina de peix a nivell d'expressió gènica o proteoma quan s'incloïa a la dieta una font complementària de proteïna d'origen marí, encara que sí que s'observaven alguns signes d'inflamació. Per últim, es va desenvolupar un sistema ex vivo per avaluar la resposta inflamatòria i immune de la mucosa intestinal davant la presència de diferents bactèries, i es va realitzar un assaig preliminar per determinar l'efecte de la dieta sobre aquesta resposta. En resum, en aquest treball s'ha realitzat una avaluació extensa i detallada dels efectes a nivell intestinal de la inclusió d'alts nivells de fonts de proteïna vegetal a les dieta per a les dorades d'engreixament. Els resultats indiquen que les alteracions en la capacitat immunitària, l'homeòstasi i la microbiota intestinal eren observades solament quan la proteïna era exclusivament obtinguda de fonts vegetals, i podrien explicar la major mortalitat observada amb aquesta dieta.
Although the inclusion of plant protein sources at high levels in aquafeeds for on-growing gilthead seabream has been successfully achieved on gilthead seabream in terms of growth, these diets are still associated to detrimental effects in feed efficiency and immune capacity. The intestine is the organ where takes place the first interaction of the host with dietary antigen or environmental bacteria, and plays a major role in the digestion of nutrients and the inflammatory and the immune response. The present PhD thesis focus on the impact of classical formulated high plant protein diets on fish performance, but especially, on evaluation of the intestinal status in on-growing fish long-term fed with high levels of fishmeal replacement. Changes at intestinal level were characterized by using different approaches, including protein and amino acid digestibility and retention and ammonia excretion, digestive enzyme activity, histology, expression of genes related with inflammation, immunity, structure and digestion, but also using whole tissue-level techniques for the analysis of the impact on proteome and gut microbiota. Different levels of fishmeal replacement were assayed, although the impact of diets with total replacement, complemented by inclusion of alternative marine by-products or supplemented by free amino acids, received greater attention. Total fish replacement produced a negative but minor impact on the growth and nutritive and digestive performance of on-growing gilthead seabream. Nevertheless, when fish were fed from juvenile stage with plant protein based diets, a higher negative impact in growth terms was noticed. Digestibility and metabolic use of amino acids was altered, but no differences were observed in the digestive enzyme activities. Nonetheless, feeding fish with total dietary fishmeal replacement by plant protein without any marine protein source was especially critical for survival rate. In these fish, gut histological assessment only revealed minor alterations related with an inflammatory response, but gene expression assay showed a down-regulation of several genes involved in the inflammatory and immune response. Moreover, a drastic change in the microbiota composition was observed, especially at the hindgut, revealing a possible lack of capacity to regulate a defensive response and to face with pathogen colonisation after a long-term coupling with these diet. Likewise, gut mucosa proteome analysis also suggests an impact on biological processes related with the maintenance of gut homeostasis and the epithelial integrity. In contrast, total fishmeal replacement did not induce alterations at transcript or proteomic level when diet was complemented with marine ingredients, although some minor inflammatory signs were reported. On the other hand, an ex vivo system to study the inflammatory and immune response of the gut mucosa to the presence of different bacteria was developed, and a preliminary assay evaluating the impact of the diet on this response was performed. To sum up, present works represents a wide assessment at intestinal level of the effects of including plant protein sources at high levels in aqua feeds for on-growing gilthead seabream. Results indicate that alterations in the immune capacity, the gut homeostasis and the microbiota were observed when protein was exclusively provided by plant sources, and could explain the higher mortality reported with this diet.
Estruch Cucarella, G. (2018). ASSESSMENT OF THE LONG-TERM IMPACT OF HIGH PLANT PROTEIN DIETS ON THE INTESTINAL STATUS OF THE ON-GROWING GILTHEAD SEA BREAM (Sparus aurata, L.) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/113063
TESIS

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Dongelmans, Marie Louise. "Nicotine-induced modifications in value-based decision-making." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066594/document.

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La dépendance à la nicotine est un problème sociétal majeur. De nombreuses personnes continuent à fumer, malgré des conséquences négatives pour la santé bien connues. La recherche sur la toxicomanie se concentre généralement sur la motivation à obtenir cette drogue, le sevrage, rendu difficile par les symptômes de manque et la persistance des comportements appris. Au cours de cette thèse, je me suis concentrée sur les interactions entre les systèmes dopaminergique et nicotinique dans les comportements de prise de décision. Je me suis particulièrement intéressée aux effets de la nicotine administrée passivement de manière chronique. Mettre en évidence les modifications dans la signalisation dopaminergique, et les altérations des comportements de choix qu'implique la consommation de drogue, permet un autre éclairage sur l'état de dépendance, mais ouvre aussi de nouvelles perspectives sur le traitement des addictions et sur les notions de vulnérabilité et de comorbidité avec d'autres pathologies. Les théories de la prise de décision suggèrent que les individus analysent les bénéfices et les coûts potentiels pour guider leurs actions. Ainsi, faire des choix appropriés nécessite d'apprendre la valeur des options disponibles à partir de l'expérience. Ce processus reposerait principalement sur l'activité des neurones dopaminergiques. Une question cruciale est de savoir si les processus computationnels sous-jacents aux choix peuvent être modifiés de manière durable par l'exposition à la nicotine et/ou par la manipulation des récepteurs nicotiniques. Nous avons développé un paradigme comportemental, de type bandit manchot avec des stimulations intra-crâniales comme récompenses, qui permet d'évaluer la prise de décision basée sur la valeur et l'exploration. Nous avons étudié le rôle de la transmission nicotinique dans l'équilibre comportemental entre exploration et exploitation à l'aide de souris knock-out pour la sous-unité beta2 du récepteur nicotinique. Nous démontrons que les souris beta2KO explorent moins que les souris de type sauvage suggérant un rôle des nAChR dans la traduction de l'incertitude attendue en motivation à explorer. Dans une deuxième étape, nous analysons l'effet d'une exposition chronique à la nicotine sur ces processus de prise de décision. Il a été proposé que la libération phasique de dopamine serait cruciale pour l\'apprentissage, alors que l'activité tonique serait plus impliquée dans l'expression d'un comportement précédemment acquis. Nous montrons ici que la nicotine, sur le long terme, peut altérer l'activité spontanée des cellules dopaminergiques et ainsi modifier la libération phasique et tonique de dopamine. Cette modification se traduit par une augmentation de la "sensibilité à la valeur", et donc une altération des choix. Un individu sous nicotine chronique se concentre davantage sur les récompenses plus importantes. Nous avons mimé cet effet par une activation optogénétique tonique des neurones dopaminergiques. Ces travaux mettent en lumière les mécanismes qui sous-tendent les changements dans la prise de décision lors d'une exposition aux drogues
Nicotine addiction is a major societal dilemma: despite the well-known adverse consequences to health, more than one billion persist in the habit. Much addiction research focuses on the motivation to obtain and take drugs and the difficulties of abstinence due to withdrawal effects and learned behaviour. My research focuses on the interactions between the dopaminergic and nicotinic systems in value-based decision-making behaviour, as well as the effects of passively administered nicotine within this framework. Understanding the alterations in the dopamine (DA) system and choice behaviour occurring with drug consumption provides another angle on the addictive state, the general predispositions and vulnerabilities for co morbid disorders. This knowledge could unveil new perspectives towards addiction treatment. Theories of decision-making suggest that individuals analyse potential benefits and costs to guide their actions based on experience. A multitude of studies have drawn links between DA cell activity and such choice behaviour. Dopamine signals attribute to the evaluation of available options to select future actions. The addictive nature of nicotine is well established, but can a much more alarming link be made between its effect on the DA system and fundamental perception of our environment ? Could basic computations underlying choices be significantly modified by drug exposure and/or by the manipulation of nicotinic receptors ? We designed a behavioural paradigm that allows us to assess value-based decision-making in different mouse models and with different manipulations of the cholinergic-dopaminergic circuits. We investigated the role of nicotinic transmission in the exploration/exploitation tradeoff using a beta2 subunit-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor knockout mouse model. Using a spatial version of a three-armed bandit task and intra-cranial self-stimulation as reward, we demonstrate that beta2KO mice explore less than the WT. This finding suggests the role of specific nAChRs in the translation of expected uncertainty into motivational value and exploratory decision-making. Secondly, we analysed the effect of chronic nicotine exposure in this decision process. It has been proposed that phasic dopamine release could provide a teaching signal necessary for learning, while tonic dopamine levels could influence the implementation of previously learned behaviours. Here we show that long-term nicotine exposure can alter the spontaneous activity of VTA DA cells and therefore change phasic and tonic DA signalling. These modifications translate into an enhanced value-sensitivity; the ability to discriminate between different values. We replicated this effect through optical stimulation of VTA DA neurons on a high tonic frequency. This illustrates that organisms under chronic nicotine focus on higher rewards. This data sheds a new light on the mechanisms underlying drug-induced changes in decision-making

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Prévot, Thomas. "Pathogénicité du stress chronique chez l'adulte dans un modèle murin : impact à long terme et rôle de la somatostatine." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0321/document.

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Le stress a une fonction adaptative mais son influence délétère sur la santé physique,cognitive et mentale lorsqu’il se présente de façon excessive et/ou chronique est aujourd’huireconnue. De très nombreux travaux ont démontré que le jeune enfant, l’adolescent et le sujetâgé y sont particulièrement vulnérables. L’objectif de cette thèse a été de déterminer s’ilexiste une sensibilité au stress chronique chez l’adulte selon l’âge au moment de l’exposition.Le modèle de stress chronique léger et imprédictible mis au point chez la souris a été utilisé.Les impacts à court et long-terme (sujet âgé), ont été déterminés en analysant les troublessomatiques, hédoniques, anxieux, dépressifs et cognitifs, caractéristiques du syndrome destress. Contrairement à l’idée selon laquelle l’adulte serait plus résistant et plus résilient auxperturbations induites par le stress, les résultats de cette thèse démontrent qu’une période destress à l’âge adulte produit des effets délétères drastiques non seulement immédiats maiségalement à long terme. Toutefois, l’adulte d’âge moyen serait plus résistant et plus résilientrelativement aux adultes jeunes ou d’âge avancé qui présentent une symptomatologie plusmarquée. La sévérité des symptômes anxieux initialement générés par le stress est corrélée àla fois avec la persistance des troubles et la modification des marques de répression géniquedans l’hippocampe indiquant la présence d’une signature épigénétique de l’épisode de stress àlong terme. Des études récentes ont suggéré l’implication de la somatostatine centrale dans lesrégulations émotionnelles et relient la vulnérabilité au stress chronique des neuronessomatostatinergiques avec le développement de troubles anxio-dépressifs. Les résultats decette thèse ont permis d’identifier l’inhibition à la fois de l’axe HPA et des comportementsanxio-dépressifs par les récepteurs sst2 et sst4 de l’hippocampe. Les profils comportementauxinduits par l’utilisation d’agonistes sélectifs ou par la délétion de ces deux récepteurssuggèrent l’existence de deux voies de régulation interagissant respectivement avec lessystèmes sérotoninergique (voie sst2) et noradrénergique (voie sst4), l’une régulantprincipalement l’état anxieux, l’autre les désordres dépressifs et cognitifs. Ainsi, cette thèseétaye l’importance de la pathogénicité du stress chronique chez l’adulte et l’importance desrégulations neuroendocriniennes et cognitivo-émotionnelles par les récepteurs sst2 et sst4, unespécificité qui doit être prise en considération dans l’utilisation et le développement destraitements somatostatinergiques ciblant
Stress has an adaptive function but it can have also deleterious effects on physical,cognitive and mental health when its intensity and/or chronicity increase. A large body ofevidence supports the idea that young children, adolescents and aged people are highlysensitive to stress. The aim of this study was to determinate if a critical period of sensitivity tostress may be evidenced during adulthood. The Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress protocoldeveloped in the mouse was used. Short and long-term impacts of stress were quantified byassessing somatic, hedonic, anxious, depressive and cognitive troubles which arecharacteristic of a stress syndrome. Unlike the view that adults are resistant and resilient tostress, the results presented in this thesis show that a stress period during adulthood inducesimmediate and long-lasting deleterious effects. However, middle-aged adults were moreresistant and more resilient than younger or older subjects which both displayed a more severesymptomatology. The anxiety level initially induced by chronic stress is correlated with thepersistence of troubles and with modifications of gene repression marks in the hippocampus,indicating the presence of an epigenetic signature of the chronic stress episode in the longterm.Recent studies have suggested that central somatostatin is involved in emotionalregulations, linking the vulnerability of somatostatinergic neurons to chronic stress with theinstatement of anxio-depressive disorders. We showed herein that hippocampal sst2 and sst4receptor subtypes mediate the inhibition of HPA axis and improve anxio-depressivebehaviors. Behavioral patterns induced by either selective agonists or deletions of thesereceptors suggest that two regulatory pathways respectively interact with the serotoninergicsystem (sst2) and the noradrenergic system (sst4). In addition, sst2 receptors mainly regulateanxiety whereas sst4 is mainly involved in the regulation of cognitive and depressivedisorders. As a whole, this thesis corroborates the idea that chronic stress has pathogeniceffects even in adulthood and highlights the importance of neuroendocrine and cognitivoemotionalregulations by sst2 and sst4 receptor subtypes, a specificity that has to beconsidered in the use and the development of somatostatin treatments targeting HPAderegulations and stress-related disorders

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Wang, Ding. "Long-term effects of different fat sources and vitamin E supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant status, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and immune capacity of pigs with heavy slaughter weight up to 150 kg." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/animalsci_etds/100.

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Two experiments were used to evaluate the potential interaction of fat source and vitamin E (VE) in heavy slaughter weight pigs. In Experiment 1, a total of 64 individually-fed pigs (28.41 ± 0.83 kg) were randomly assigned to 8 dietary treatments in a 4×2 factorial arrangement. Fat treatments included cornstarch (CS), tallow (TW), corn-oil (CO), and coconut-oil (CN). VE treatments were dietary α-tocopheryl acetate (ATA) at 11 and 200 ppm. In Experiment 2, a total of 72 individually fed pigs (28.55 ± 1.16 kg) were randomly assigned to 12 dietary treatments in a 2 × 6 factorial arrangement. Fat treatments were TW and CO. VE treatments included four levels of ATA (11, 40, 100, and 200 ppm) and two levels of mixed tocopherols (primarily γ-tocopherol; 40 and 100 ppm). VE deposition, growth performance, and meat quality were measured in both experiments. In both experiments, interaction between fat sources and VE were detected (P < 0.01) on plasma VE concentration, which increased (P < 0.01) with time and with increasing dietary VE, but increased faster (P < 0.05) in pigs fed with CN and TW compared to pigs fed CS and CO. Compared to CO, more saturated dietary fat sources (CN and TW) led to firmer belly (P < 0.01), which had more (P < 0.01) SFA and MUFA while less (P < 0.05) Feed/Gain in Phase 4 and Phase 5. In Experiment 2, increasing dietary ATA increased overall ADG (linear, P = 0.02), with an interaction (P < 0.05) with fat sources on cumulative ADG during Phase 1-4, wherein pigs fed CO, but not TW, had increased ADG with increasing dietary ATA. Increasing dietary ATA increased (quadratic, P < 0.05) liver SOD activity, and decreased (quadratic, P < 0.05) liver MDA content. The oxidative stability of loin was improved (P < 0.01) when dietary ATA increased over 40 ppm. In summary, both dietary fat source and VE supplementation affected the response measures.

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Herold, Hendrik [Verfasser], Elmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Csaplovics, Nguyen Xuan [Akademischer Betreuer] Thinh, and Gotthard [Akademischer Betreuer] Meinel. "An Evolutionary Approach to Adaptive Image Analysis for Retrieving and Long-term Monitoring Historical Land Use from Spatiotemporally Heterogeneous Map Sources / Hendrik Herold. Betreuer: Elmar Csaplovics. Gutachter: Elmar Csaplovics ; Nguyen Xuan Thinh ; Gotthard Meinel." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1095395408/34.

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Coutier, Julien. "Contrôle de l’expansion ex vivo de précurseurs kératinocytaires humains fonctionnels : implication des facteurs de transcription KLF4 et MAD4 - KLF4 Inhibition Promotes the Expansion of Keratinocyte Precursors from Adult Human Skin and of Embryonic-Stem-Cell-Derived Keratinocytes - Iterative Three-Dimensional Epidermis Bioengineering and Xenografting to Assess Long-Term Regenerative Potential in Human Keratinocyte Precursor Cells - Quantitative Detection of Low-Abundance Transcripts at Single-Cell Level in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes by Digital Droplet Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS003.

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Dans le contexte de la médecine régénérative cutanée, l’amplification massive en culture de précurseurs kératinocytaires est souvent requise mais elle peut s’accompagner d’une induction de la différenciation conduisant à une perte de potentiel régénératif. L’expansion ex vivo de précurseurs fonctionnels nécessite de contrôler deux processus : d’une part l’activation de la prolifération et d’autre part la préservation de l’immaturité. Mon laboratoire d’accueil a identifié les gènes KLF4 et MXD4 comme candidats potentiels dans le contrôle de ces processus. Mon travail de thèse a porté sur l’étude du rôle de KLF4 et MXD4 dans le contrôle des balances « quiescence/prolifération » et « immaturité/différenciation » au sein des précurseurs kératinocytaires de la peau humaine.Nous montrons que la répression de KLF4 comme celle de MXD4 inhibe la différenciation kératinocytaire et augmente la prolifération et la clonogénicité des précurseurs, aboutissant à un potentiel régénératif accru dans des modèles de reconstruction épidermique in vitro et pour KLF4 de xénogreffes in vivo. Les mécanismes des effets liés à KLF4 passent notamment par l’inhibition de la voie du TGFB1 et par la voie Wnt/β-caténine. Les effets liés à MXD4 sont contrôlés par la quantité de dimères c-MYC/MAX et MAD4/MAX, et impactent la voie TGF-β. Malgré des mécanismes partiellement similaires, l’intervention d’effecteurs épigénétiques non codants pourrait conférer des spécificités à chacun de ces deux gènes : des ARN long non-codants, qui pourraient réguler le caractère immature des précurseurs kératinocytaires, ont été identifiés.Notre concept a été démontré initialement en utilisant des outils de recherche, et notamment des inhibitions stables de l’expression de KLF4 et MXD4. Nous montrons également qu’une inhibition transitoire, donc applicable à un contexte clinique, est également fonctionnelle, en utilisant l’ARN interférence ou une inhibition moléculaire. La répression par la kenpaullone pourrait notamment constituer un outil prometteur pour promouvoir l’expansion de précurseurs épithéliaux fonctionnels
In the context of cutaneous regenerative medicine, massive amplification of keratinocyte precursor cells is usually required but can be accompanied with induction of differentiation, resulting in a loss of regenerative potential. Ex vivo expansion of functional precursors needs to control two processes : to activate proliferation in one hand, and to preserves immaturity in the other hand. My host laboratory has identified KLF4 and MXD4 genes as candidates that might control these processes. My thesis was focused on studying KLF4 and MXD4 roles in controlling the balance “quiescence/proliferation” and “immaturity/differentiation” of human skin keratinocytes precursors.We have shown that repression of KLF4 and MXD4 inhibits keratinocyte differentiation and increases proliferation and clonogenicity of precursors, resulting in enhanced regenerative potential in in vitro epidermis reconstruction assay, and for KLF4, in in vivo xenografts assays. Mechanisms of the effects linked to KLF4 include inhibition of TGFB1 pathway and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Effects linked to MXD4 are controlled by the respective quantity of c-MYC/MAX and MAD4/MAX heterodimers, and also impact TGF-β pathway. Despite partially similar mechanisms, intervention of non-coding epigenetic factors might confer the specific regulation to each of these genes : long non-coding RNA, that might regulate immature character of keratinocytes precursor cells, have been identified.Our concept has been initially demonstrated using research tools, in particular stable repression of KLF4 and MXD4. We then show that a transient inhibition, applicable to a clinical context, is also functional, by using RNA interference or molecular inhibition. KLF4 and MXD4 transient repression by kenpaullone might constitutes a promising molecular tool to promotes ex vivo expansion of functional epithelial precursor cells

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30

Barriere, Vivien. "Les portes de l'enceinte antique d'Autun et leurs modèles (Gaule, Italie, provinces occidentales de l'Empire romain)." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOL042/document.

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Augustodunum, civitas Aeduorum, fondée à l’époque augustéenne, fut dotée de quatre portes urbaines : la porte d’Arroux et la porte Saint-André qui sont les mieux conservées, la porte Saint-Andoche dont il ne reste qu’une tour de flanquement et la porte de Rome, depuis longtemps disparue. L’étude stratigraphique du bâti des portes et la réflexion sur le fonctionnement du chantier de construction des portes urbaines d’Autun constituent le cœur de ce travail. Par ailleurs, antiquaires, voyageurs et artistes ont laissé depuis le XVIème siècle de nombreux témoignages de leur visite des portes romaines d’Autun. Ce fonds documentaire considérable, constitué de sources écrites et iconographiques, n’avait jusqu’alors pas été étudié de manière globale. Il a fallu mettre en série les sources textuelles afin de comprendre la part des emprunts aux travaux antérieurs. Un travail semblable de critique des représentations iconographiques des portes urbaines a également été effectué. Complément indispensable de l’étude stratigraphique des élévations conservées, l’étude de cette documentation ancienne a permis de proposer une hypothèse de restitution de l’histoire longue des portes d’Augustodunum de leur construction à nos jours. Le dernier volet de ce travail a consisté à replacer les portes d’Autun dans la série des portes urbaines monumentales de l’Occident romain construites entre le IIème siècle av. J.-C. et le IIème siècle ap. J.-C. mais aussi à présenter de nouvelles propositions de restitution du projet architectural, du plan des portes et de l’organisation interne de leurs tours de flanquement
Augustodunum, civitas Aeduorum, roman city founded under the reign of Augustus, was equipped with four roman city gates : the gate of Arroux and the gate of Saint André, both well preserved, the gate of Saint Andoche which sole remaining part is a flanking tower, and the gate of Rome, destroyed long ago.The heart of this study lies in the stratigraphic reading of those gates structure and in thoughts about the building site of Autun’s city gates operating process. Moreover, since the 16th century, antiquaries, travelers and artists have described in many ways their visits to the roman city gates of Autun. These accounts constitute a major documentary collection of written and iconographical sources that had never been studied as a whole before. A classification of written sources was necessary in order to understand the borrowings from previous works. A similar work of critical study has been realized for the iconographical representations of the gates. As an essential complement of the stratigraphic reading of remaining elevations of the gates, the ancient archeological documentation study was indispensable to propose a restoration hypothesis of Augustodunum’s city gates long term history from their construction time to nowadays. The last section of this study aims to locate Autun’s city gates in the series of monumental city gates built in Western Roman Empire between the 2nd century BC and the 2nd century AD. Furthermore, that section presents new propositions for the restoration of the architectural project, of the gates plan and of the inner organization of these gates flanking towers

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Hovhannisyan, Yeranuhi. "Modélisation cardiaque des myopathies myofibrillaires à l'aide de cellules souches pluripotentes induites pour explorer la pathogenèse cardiaque Polyacrylamide Hydrogels with Rigidity-Independent Surface Chemistry Show Limited Long-Term Maintenance of Pluripotency of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells on Soft Substrates Modéliser la myopathie myofibrillaire pour élucider la pathogenèse cardiaque Synemin-related skeletal and cardiac myopathies: an overview of pathogenic variants Desmin prevents muscle wasting, exaggerated weakness and fragility, and fatigue in dystrophic mdx mouse Effects of the selective inhibition of proteasome caspase-like activity by CLi a derivative of nor-cerpegin in dystrophic mdx mice." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS095.

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La myopathie myofibrillaire est une maladie neuromusculaire à évolution lente caractérisée par de graves troubles musculaires causés par des mutations dans le gène codant pour des protéines du cytosquelette. L'un des gènes affectés en relation avec le développement de la MFM est DES. Des mutations dans le gène de la desmine entraînent des myopathies des muscles squelettiques et cardiaques. Cependant, les évènements qu'elles entraînent et qui sont à l’origine des phénotypes pathologiques cardiaques restent mal connus. Mon objectif est de créer un modèle in vitro de MFM basé sur des cellules souches pluripotentes humaines afin d'étudier le rôle des mutations spécifiques dans la desmine sur le développement et la fonction des cellules cardiaques. Pour atteindre cet objectif, en collaboration avec les docteurs A. Behin, K. Wahbi et la société Phenocell, nous avons généré des iPSC à partir des cellules sanguines périphériques de patients souffrant d'une forme de cardiomyopathie induite par une mutation de la desmine. Les lignées iPSC générées contenant les mutations du gène codant la desmine ont permis d’étudier le rôle d’une mutation dans la spécification et la fonction des cardiomyocytes. La bioénergétique mitochondriale, la structure cellulaire et la fonction contractiles ont été évaluées au niveau cellulaire. En conclusion, il convient de noter que les mutations de la desmine conduisent à une désorganisation des structures des sarcomères dans les cardiomyocytes et à une perturbation de l'expression des protéines mitochondriales. Ce qui conduit à une altération des fonctions de la mitochondrie. Ces données permettent d’améliorer notre compréhension des mécanismes moléculaire qui sous-tendent le développement de la MFM
Myofibrillar Myopathy is a slowly progressive neuromuscular disease characterized by severe muscular disorders caused by mutations in the gene encoded cytoskeletal proteins. One of the genes described in connection with the development of MFM is DES. Mutations in the desmin gene lead to skeletal and cardiac muscles myopathies. However, the cardiac pathological consequences caused by them remain poorly understood. My objective is to create an in vitro human stem cell model of MFM to specifically investigate the role of patient-specific mutations in desmin on cardiac lineage development and function. To achieve that objective, in collaboration with Drs. Behin and K. Wahbi and Phenocell, we generate patient-specific iPSC from peripheral blood cells of the patient suffering severel form of desmin-deficient cardiomyopathy. The generated iPSC lines carrying DES gene mutations enable a powerful examination of the role of desmin mutation on cardiomyocyte specification and function. Bioenergetic, structural, and contractile function will be assessed in a single cell. In conclusion, it should be noted that desmin mutations lead to a disorganization of sarcomere structures in cardiomyocytes and to a perturbation of mitochondrial protein expression. This leads to a distortion of functions in the mitochondria. These data facilitate the understanding of the molecular pathway underlying the development of desmin-related myopathy. And the system we have created could also allow us to better evaluate the correlation between the desmin genotype and phenotype in terms of effect on the heart

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32

Fraser, Michelle J. "Long-Term Fate of an Emplaced Coal Tar Creosote Source." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3399.

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An emplaced source of coal tar creosote within the sandy Borden research aquifer has provided an opportunity to document the long term (5140 days) natural attenuation for this complex mixture. Plumes of dissolved chemicals were produced by the essentially horizontal groundwater flowing at about 9 cm/day. Eleven chemicals were extensively sampled seven times using a monitoring network of ~280 14-point multilevel samplers. A model of source dissolution using Raoult’s Law adequately predicted the dissolution of nine of eleven compounds analysed. Mass transformation has limited the extent of the plumes as groundwater flowed more than 500 m yet the plumes are no longer than 50 m. Phenol and xylenes were removed and naphthalene was attenuated from its maximum extent on day 1357. Some compound plumes reached an apparent steady state and the plumes of other compounds (dibenzofuran and phenanthrene) are expected to continue to expand due to an increasing mass flux and limited degradation potential. Biotransformation is the major process controlling natural attenuation at the site. The greatest organic mass loss is associated with the high solubility compounds. However, the majority of the mass loss for most compounds has occurred in the source zone. Oxygen is the main electron acceptor yet the amount of organics lost cannot be accounted for by aerobic mineralization or partial mineralization alone. After 10 years the source zone was treated with permanganate in situ to reduce the flux of contaminants into the dissolved plume and to permit natural attenuation to further reduce the plume extent. A sufficient mass of permanganate was injected to oxidize ~10% of the residual source. Laboratory experiments demonstrated that eight of ten of the study compounds were readily oxidized by permanganate. Once treated oxidized compounds displayed a reduced plume mass and mass discharge while they migrated through the monitoring network. Once beyond the monitoring network the mass discharge and plume mass of these compounds returned to pre-treatment trends. Non-reactive compounds displayed no significant decrease in mass discharge or plume mass. Overall the partial in situ chemical oxidation of the coal tar creosote source produced no long-term effect on the dissolved plumes emanating from the source.

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Kuang-YaoTeng and 鄧光堯. "The Effect of Stock Dividend Source on The Long-Term Stock Performance." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89078441628778370961.

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Huang, Yu-Shuang, and 黃毓霜. "The source of long-term competitive advantage of Taiwan’s publicly-listed and OTC companies." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47491085321760926365.

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35

Toundykov, Daniel. "Long-term dynamics of a semilinear wave equation with localized nonlinear dissipation, critical source term, and mixed boundary conditions /." 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3260672.

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Lee, Pei-Ying, and 李沛穎. "The source of difference in long-term post-takeover performance-Management turnover and restructuring activities." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36516783692146660174.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
財務金融學研究所
95
In this article we discuss the topic of disciplining target management after acquisitions and examine whether the move benefits acquirers in terms of long-term post-takeover performance. We document higher frequency of disciplinary turnover for tender offer than mergers after successful transfer of control. The frequency of undertaking a wide range of activities associated with target business is higher in tender offers as well. We find disciplinary sub-samples perform better than non-disciplinary sub-samples which experience a decline in profitability. Moreover, acquisitions are followed by improvement in operating performance if acquirers focus on contraction to restructure targets. The results in stock return for sub-samples are not as distinct as in operating performance, but abnormal returns for acquirers without disciplining target managers or downsizing target are significantly negative. Regression models don’t exhibit significantly positive effect of disciplinary turnover after controlling for other variables, but show positive effect of contraction measures. Therefore we suggest that higher rate of specific actions are probably the underlying force leading to better performance for tender offers rather than higher rate of disciplinary turnover following acquisitions.

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Lee, Pei-Ying. "The source of difference in long-term post-takeover performance-Management turnover and restructuring activities." 2007. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-2305200722472000.

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38

Mir, Reza. "Design and Deployment of a Controlled Source EM Instrument on the NEPTUNE Observatory for Long-term Monitoring of Methane Hydrate Deposits." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/29814.

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Hydrocarbon deposits in the form of petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas hydrates occur offshore worldwide. Electromagnetic methods that measure the electrical resistivity of sediments can be used to map, assess, and monitor these resistive targets. In particular, quantitative assessment of hydrate content in marine deposits, which form within the upper few hundred meters of seafloor, is greatly facilitated by complementing conventional seismic methods with EM data. The North-East Pacific Time-series Undersea Network Experiment (NEPTUNE) is an underwater marine observatory that provides power and network connection to a host of instruments installed on the seafloor on the Cascadia Margin offshore Vancouver Island. The observatory’s aim is to provide a platform for very long-term studies in which access to data is available on a continuous basis. For this thesis project, a transient dipole-dipole time-domain EM system was constructed and deployed on the NEPTUNE network with the goal of long-term monitoring of a well-studied hydrate deposit in the area. The instrument includes a source transmitter of electrical current and individual receivers to measure small electric field variations. The instrument is powered by the NEPTUNE observatory and data can be collected remotely by connecting to the instrument through the web. Data collected so far from the instrument are consistent with a resistive structure. The best fitting model from 1D inversion is a 36 ± 3 m thick layer of 5.3 ± 0.3 Ωm resistivity, overlaying a less resistive 0.7 ± 0.1 Ωm halfspace. Average hydrate concentration, deduced with the aid of ODP-889 well-log derived Archie’s parameters, is approximately 72% of pore space in the resistive layer, consistent with the very high concentration of gas hydrates (~80%) recovered from seafloor cores. The weekly collection of data from the instrument shows that the resistive structure has changed little since monitoring began in October of 2010.

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Hancock, Laura. "Trait Variation and Long-term Population Dynamics of the Invasive Alliaria Petiolata (Garlic Mustard) Across Three Microhabitats in its Invaded Range." 2021. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/1013.

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Long-term population dynamics across heterogeneous environments can be a major factor in determining species’ ability to expand their ranges and persist in novel environments. Whether and how the relative performance of populations in different microsites over time impacts invasion into new microsites is poorly understood. Though largely restricted to disturbed semi-shaded microhabitats in its home range, the invasive herb Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) successfully invades intact forest understories – a novel microhabitat – in its introduced range, where it is known to impact above and below ground community composition. To test the hypothesis that source-sink metapopulation dynamics may be promoting A. petiolata’s incursion into the forest understory, I utilized two multi-season field surveys – approximately a decade apart – to evaluate trait variation, biomass allocation, and long-term population demographics of A. petiolata growing at the forest edge, within the intact forest understory, and in the intermediate transition zone between the two. My results show that adult plants in the edge were taller and branchier, produced more fruits, and had higher total and reproductive biomass than plants in the intermediate and forest microhabitats. Over time, seedling density remained highest in the edge microhabitat compared to the forest and intermediate microhabitats, which had similar densities. Reproductive adult densities were similar among all microhabitats at the beginning of the study, but a decade later, all microhabitats exhibited a decline in the number of adult plants they supported. Populations in the intermediate microhabitat displayed the steepest decline in reproductive adults between sampling periods but still supported more adult plants than the forest microhabitat. Populations in all microhabitats were predicted to grow (λ>1) at the onset of the study. A decade later, declines in population size were only predicted in the forest understory (λ1). Since edge and intermediate patches had higher densities of adult plants which produced the most fruit and had larger reproductive biomass, it appears that the edge populations, and possibly the intermediate populations, have sustained the low-density forest populations through source-sink dynamics at my study sites.

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40

Gaspredes, Jonathan Louis. "Development of an integrated building load-ground source heat pump model as a test bed to assess short- and long-term heat pump and ground loop performance." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-12-4844.

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Ground source heat pumps (GSHP) have the ability to significantly reduce the energy required to heat and cool buildings. Historically, deployment of GSHP's in the cooling-dominated Texas and Southwest region has been significantly less than in other regions of the United States. The long term technical and economic viability of GSHPs in arid regions such as Texas has been questioned due to failures of ground loop heat pump systems by early adopters. A proposed solution is to include a supplemental heat rejection (SHR) device to help offset the unbalanced ground loads. An integrated building load-ground source heat pump model is developed in this thesis and is designed to be a test bed for potential SHR devices. The model consists of discrete component models that can be mixed and matched to represent various types of buildings and ground source heat pumps. One of the unique features of the integrated model is the use of the Simulink/Matlab environment. This environment allows the user to develop component models that take advantage of the built-in functionality of Matlab and Simulink. Another unique feature is the full coupling of the building load, heat pump, and ground loop at every time step. The building load, heat pump, and ground loop models were chosen to allow for short time step simulations, which allows for a range of dynamic response times to be modeled and for different heat pump/SHR control methods to be explored. The integrated model can be used on any computer that has the Matlab and Simulink software. The building load model used, called HAMBASE, can model both residential and commercial buildings. HAMBASE was validated using the ASHRAE 140-2007 standard. The heat pump model uses readily available data provided by GSHP manufacturers to accurately model operation across a wide range of input conditions. The vertical borehole ground loop model, developed at Oklahoma State University, is based on Eskillson's g-function model, but included a one-dimensional numerical model to calculate the short term thermal response of the borehole and ground. The ground loop model utilizes GLHEPRO, a ground loop sizing and simulation tool, to create the required parameter files. Using the integrated building load-ground source heat pump model, a model of a single family house with a ground source heat pump was developed. The house model was validated by the results from eQuest and GELHPRO. A series of sensitivity studies were completed to determine dominant factors affecting the use of GSHPs in Texas and the Southwest regions of the United States. The results show that the life of a vertical borehole can be significantly extended/cut short if the ground parameters are properly/not properly designed prior to ground loop sizing.
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SUN, HUI-MIN, and 孫慧敏. "A Feasibility Study of Using Earmarked Taxes as Fund Sources of Long-Term Cares." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w3dh29.

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碩士
中華大學
企業管理學系
107
Currently, the government authority has announced that the Earmarked Tax such as Estate tax, Gift Tax, Tobacco Tax and Tobacco Health Welfare donation will be used as long-term care’s fund sources. However, these taxes are all opportunity tax nature. Are they able to support the huge long-term care’s fund demand? This study used secondary data sources and regression analysis to predict the total amount of long-term care fund demand from 2019 to 2065 and the income from the earmarked tax category from 2019 to 2065. The study obtains the following results: 1. At the present time the earmarking tax is insufficient to meet the fund demand of Taiwan's long-term care, and the long-term fund resources are mainly from Tobacco Taxes. 2. If the business tax rate will be increased, and each year will have a stable and sufficient benefit for the long-term care financial resources

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山口俊政. "Study of long-term variation for the concentrations and sources of dioxin in Taichung Technology Corridor." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95628280938652965668.

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碩士
逢甲大學
環境工程與科學學系
103
In this study, the chemical mass balance model (CMB8.2) of field measurements of 11 kinds of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) emission sources and ambient air at three sites during 2009-2014 was used to identify the source and relative contribution of ambient PCDD/Fs for a long-term in the Dadu Tableland Technology Corridor. The analysis data of flue gas of 11 kinds of emission sources by four environmental protection bureaus in centre Taiwan were used to establish the exhaust fingerprints of PCDD/Fs from those sources. Additionally, HYSPLIT Trajectory Model was also used to investigate the transport of ambient PCDD/Fs in study area. The period (2009-2014) was delimited three stages, namely early (2009~2010), middle (2011-2012), and recently (2013-2014) stages, for investigation the variations of temporal and spatial PCDD/Fs distributions in study area. The results of field measurements show that the ranges of ambient PCDD/Fs concentration during early, middle, and recently stages were 0.024-0.123, 0.025-0.225, and 0.012-0.101 pg I-TEQ/m3, respectively. It shows that ambient PCDD/Fs concentration decreases year by year in the Dadu Tableland Technology Corridor. The major contribution sources of PCDD/Fs during early, middle, and recently stages were municipal waste incinerators (MUWI) and secondary copper smelting plants (SCS), MUWI and coal-fired power plants (CFP), and MUWI and crematoria, respectively. Remarkable, the contribution of PCDD/Fs from crematoria increases year by year obviously. Medical waste incinerators (MEWI) and ash treatment plants (AT) were minor contribution sources of PCDD/Fs during each stage. The contributions of PCDD/Fs from DC electric arc furnaces (DEAF), secondary aluminum smelting plants (SAS), and wastewater treatment plants (WT) were very low, with the contribution amounts close to zero. The results of backward trajectory modeling at three sampling sets point out that the main transport path of air mass were from northeast to southwest. Therefore, the major PCDD/Fs emission sources are located on the northeastern of study area, which are the two MUWIs. It shows that the modeling results of chemical mass balance and trajectory models are corresponding. Keywords: PCDD/Fs, CMB8.2, Trajectory model, Temporal and spatial PCDD/Fs distributions.

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Liu, Ming-Kai, and 劉銘凱. "Long-term simulation of photochemical grid model to evaluate air quality for control strategy and future emission of large sources." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18384635647568899293.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
環境與安全工程系碩士班
95
Ozone (O3) and particulate matter (PM) are two main reasons causing air pollution in Taiwan. The air quality data monitored by Taiwan EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) shows the tendency of O3 keeps rising up. O3 as the representative of photochemical air pollution has become the major PSI (Pollutants Standards Index) for many monitoring sites. Limited by computer capability, short-term events are usually selected to simulate and assess air quality in the past, but the representative of entire air quality is more controversial. In recent years, because of the reinforcement of computer capability, it is become possible for long-term simulation of air quality. Long-term simulation not only solves the representative problems but also decrease the evaluation uncertainty resulted from short-term simulation. It was considered that there was no formal reference evaluating the effectiveness of regulatory policy improving the air quality by long-term simulation. In order to gain more believable simulated results offered to evaluate air quality improvement, this study will aim at the items above to proceeding the long-term simulation and subsequent analysis. The whole year of 2003 was selected to simulate air quality using Models-3/CMAQ associated with the meteorological data of MM5 provided by Taiwan air quality modeling center. The modeling results show that, from 2000 to 2011, if Taiwan emission is under natural growth, the spatial exposure (km2-hour) of ozone event (O3 > 120 ppb) could be worse up to about 98% compared to the base case. However, if emission reduction control strategy is enforced during the same period, it could improve 70% spatial exposure compared to the natural growth case. If future emission of large sources, which need to be permitted by EIA from 2000 to 2023, are all in operation, the spatial exposure (km2-hour) of ozone event (O3 > 120 ppb) could be worse about 0.7 times compared to the base case. The result reveals that the future emission either by nature growth or by large new sources can result to serious air quality problem. Therefore the control strategy of emission reduction will be important for air quality improvement and/or maintainance.

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Herold, Hendrik. "An Evolutionary Approach to Adaptive Image Analysis for Retrieving and Long-term Monitoring Historical Land Use from Spatiotemporally Heterogeneous Map Sources." Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28248.

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Land use changes have become a major contributor to the anthropogenic global change. The ongoing dispersion and concentration of the human species, being at their orders unprecedented, have indisputably altered Earth’s surface and atmosphere. The effects are so salient and irreversible that a new geological epoch, following the interglacial Holocene, has been announced: the Anthropocene. While its onset is by some scholars dated back to the Neolithic revolution, it is commonly referred to the late 18th century. The rapid development since the industrial revolution and its implications gave rise to an increasing awareness of the extensive anthropogenic land change and led to an urgent need for sustainable strategies for land use and land management. By preserving of landscape and settlement patterns at discrete points in time, archival geospatial data sources such as remote sensing imagery and historical geotopographic maps, in particular, could give evidence of the dynamic land use change during this crucial period. In this context, this thesis set out to explore the potentials of retrospective geoinformation for monitoring, communicating, modeling and eventually understanding the complex and gradually evolving processes of land cover and land use change. Currently, large amounts of geospatial data sources such as archival maps are being worldwide made online accessible by libraries and national mapping agencies. Despite their abundance and relevance, the usage of historical land use and land cover information in research is still often hindered by the laborious visual interpretation, limiting the temporal and spatial coverage of studies. Thus, the core of the thesis is dedicated to the computational acquisition of geoinformation from archival map sources by means of digital image analysis. Based on a comprehensive review of literature as well as the data and proposed algorithms, two major challenges for long-term retrospective information acquisition and change detection were identified: first, the diversity of geographical entity representations over space and time, and second, the uncertainty inherent to both the data source itself and its utilization for land change detection. To address the former challenge, image segmentation is considered a global non-linear optimization problem. The segmentation methods and parameters are adjusted using a metaheuristic, evolutionary approach. For preserving adaptability in high level image analysis, a hybrid model- and data-driven strategy, combining a knowledge-based and a neural net classifier, is recommended. To address the second challenge, a probabilistic object- and field-based change detection approach for modeling the positional, thematic, and temporal uncertainty adherent to both data and processing, is developed. Experimental results indicate the suitability of the methodology in support of land change monitoring. In conclusion, potentials of application and directions for further research are given.

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LI, YI-YING, and 李怡盈. "A Study of Mediating among Social Support from Different Sources and Intention to Stay on Long-term Care Staff : The Moderating Effect of Dirty Work." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/643j4v.

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碩士
國立臺北護理健康大學
健康事業管理研究所
107
Taiwan entered the aged society in 2018. Most nursing homes and institutions found that the lack of care and human resources is one of the biggest dilemmas of the aged society. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between supervisor support, colleague support, resident support, and intention to stay. Then explore whether organizational loyalty, workplace friendship, and job engagement are important mediators in different sources of social support and intention to stay. Furthermore, understand the extent of dirty work on the long-term care staffs. And to explore whether dirty work has a moderating effect between organizational loyalty, workplace friendship, job engagement and intention to stay. The method is to use the time isolation method to collect 217 valid samples. The results of the study found that the supervisor support, colleague support, resident support are positively related with intention to stay. The workplace friendship has mediating effect in the colleague support and intention to stay. The job engagement has mediating effect in the supervisor support, resident support and intention to stay. Dirty work has no moderating effect between organizational loyalty, workplace friendship, job engagemen and intention to stay. This study provides reference evidence for organizational behavior and future related research. keywork: social support, intention to stay, organizational loyalty, workplace friendship, job engagement, dirty work

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46

Hong, Shih-Yi Larry, and 洪士毅. "1.Data-processing of Long-term Measurement of Global-background- concentration of Selected Halocarbons from 1988 through 1996 2.Establishment of the Fingerprint Chromatograms of Hydrocarbons' Sources." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67323887653134534912.

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碩士
國立中央大學
化學系
85
1.鹵碳化物已經被證實會破壞平流層臭氧。鹵碳化物經日照分解產生的鹵素原子(如氯、溴)將催化平流層臭氧分解的反應，造成臭氧層的破洞，結果使得太陽的紫外輻射直接照射地表危害人類健康，因此鹵碳化物濃度監測工作的重要性自不待言。本論文第一部份處理三種鹵碳化物-甲基氯仿、四氯化碳及CFC-11濃度長期量測的資料，並分析這三種物質在過去幾年來因為全球性公約特婁議定書的生效所導致濃度變化。 2.行政院環境保護署已於八十五年四月一日起推動「以液化石油氣做為計程車替代燃料的政策」。為了解替代燃料經由洩漏或燃燒對環境帶來的影響，分別對使用汽油與液化石油氣做為燃料的車輛進行車行排氣採樣及分析。本論文第二部份將就這兩類車輛排氣成份與對生成近地表臭氧的影響做初步的探討。 1.Halocarbons have been proven harmful to the stratospheric ozone. The halogens(particularily Cl and Br atoms) produced via photolysis of chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs) will catalyze ozone decomposition reactions leading to stratospheric ozone depletion which results in excessive exposure to stronger solar ultraviolet radiation for all the living species on the surface. Results from long-term measurements of three halocarbons - CCl4, CH3CCl3 and CCl3F(CFC-11) are reported focusing on their concentration changes in the past years after the implementation of the 1987 Montreal protocol and its subsequent amendments. 2.Envrionmental Protection Agency (EPA) of Taiwan has put forward the policy of using liqufied petroleum gas (LPG) as the substituting fuel for taxis since April 1,1996. What impact has it brought to the air quality？ Preliminary comparison between gasoline-fueled and LPG-fueled cars is discussed in the second part of this work.

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47

Zlatohlávková, Růžena. "Digitální repozitáře na vysokých školách v České republice." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-337064.

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The aim of this thesis is to present, analyse, compare and evaluate the current state of digital repositories at universities in the Czech Republic that use a software application for their digital repository. A theoretical part, which introduces the reader into the issue of compilation and operating of digital repositories in the Czech academic context, precedes the practical reserach. The crucial chapter of the practical part are the results of the actual analysis. The results of a supplementary survey of universities that do not run a digital repository with usage of software application and choose a different way of storage and access to their grey literature draw on the results of this analysis. The conclusion of the entire thesis is the outline of future development of the investigated issue and the perspective of further progress of the Czech academic milieu.

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48

VRZALOVÁ, Monika. "Role sestry ve screeningu deprese u seniorů." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-260905.

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The diploma thesis deals with problems of depression in older people. Mainly the work is focused on identifying and analyzing the role of nurses in screening for depression in older people in primary care, acute care, long-term care and home care. This thesis was focused on theoretical direction and was used the method of design and demonstration. In this thesis was set one main goals with five research questions. The main goal was to identify and analyze the role of nurses in screening for depression in the elderly. RQ 1: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in the elderly? RQ 2: What is the role of the nurse in the primary care in screening for depression in the elderly? RQ 3: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in hospitalized patients in acute care? RQ 4: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in seniors in long-term and home care? RQ 5: What rating scales and methods are used in screening for depression in the elderly? The thesis introduce the concept of depression. The following are specified the causes of and the important factors that affect depression in the elderly. It also deals the differences in the clinical symptomatology of depression in old age. It explains possibilities and various barriers in the diagnosis of depression. Another chapter introduces complete geriatric examination, diagnostic classification systems, possible screening methods and scales for detection of depression in the elderly population. It also deals methods of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment and its possible complications associated with older age. By reason of increased suicide rate caused by depressive disorder the issue of suicidal behavior in the elderly is introduced. The next chapter deals with the nursing process, which is used by nurses in practice. It consists of the evaluation of the patient's health condition, making nursing diagnosis, creating nursing plan and subsequent implementation and evaluation. The nursing process is also needy for providing quality care. The nursing process in the stage of nursing diagnosis, introduces possible nursing diagnosis for a patient suffering from depression, which are based on the latest classification. Finally is described the role of nurses in screening for depression in the elderly in different health facilities and their contribution to the timely evaluation of depression in the elderly. This chapter introduces the role of nurses, nursing screening and collaboration with a physician. The role of nurses in screening for depression in different medical facilities is based on the first phase of the nursing process of assessment. On the basis of objective and subjective information, the nurse will assess the overall health and mental condition of the patient. Primarily, it was investigated what is the role of the nurse in screening for depression. On the basis of content analysis and synthesis it was necessary to used and processed domestic and foreign literature. A number of relevant sources are the results of various studies and Meta-analyzes, mostly from abroad, but also from the Czech Republic. The thesis can serve as a basis for nurses. The result of this thesis is to create e-learning material available for students in the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice in the tutorial called Moodle.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Long-term source'

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