Academic literature on the topic 'Longitudinal dynamic behaviour'
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Journal articles on the topic "Longitudinal dynamic behaviour"
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Dai, L., L. Xu, and B. Setiawan. "A new non-linear approach to analysing the dynamic behaviour of tank vehicles subjected to liquid sloshing." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 219, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/146441905x9944.
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This research presents a new approach to investigating the non-linear dynamic behaviour of partially filled tank vehicles under large-amplitude liquid sloshing. A non-linear impact model for liquid sloshing in partially filled liquid tank vehicles is established for investigating the longitudinal dynamic characteristics of tank vehicles under typical driving conditions. The dynamic fluid motion within the tank is modelled by utilizing an analogy system together with an impact subsystem for longitudinal oscillations. The forces on the fifth wheel and the axles of the vehicle are determined in considering the effects of the liquid sloshing in the tank. The non-linear dynamic behaviours of the tank vehicle subjected to liquid sloshing and the excitations generated by rough roads are analysed and compared with those of linear models. Numerical simulation of the tank vehicle under typical rough road conditions is performed.
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Pavliuk, A. V. "Dynamics of Three-layer Cylindrical Shells Elliptical Cross-Section With a Longitudinal-Transverse Discrete Ribbed Filler." Фізика і хімія твердого тіла 18, no. 2 (June 15, 2017): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.18.2.243-248.
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In this paper, we consider the equations of non-axisymmetric oscillations of discretely reinforced multilayer cylindrical shells of elliptical section. When analyzing the elements of the elastic structure, a refinement model of the theory of shells and rods of the Timoshenko type is used. The numerical method of solving the dynamic equations is based on the integro- interpolation method of constructing the finite-difference schemes for equations with discontinuous coefficients. The problem of dynamic behavior of a three-layer longitudinal-transversal reinforced cylindrical shell of an elliptical section under a distributed nonstationary load is investigated. A solution of the problem on dynamic behaviour of the three-layered cylindrical shell with some discrete longitudinal-transverse ribbed filler is considered for distributed non-stationary loading.
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Brzuzy, Aneta, and Grzegorz Bąk. "Stability analysis of steel compression members under shock loads." Bulletin of the Military University of Technology 67, no. 1 (April 3, 2018): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.8051.
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This paper presents the results of a numerical analysis of the elastic-plastic behaviour of steel compression members subjected to compression with a permanent pre-deformation in the longitudinal axis by a longitudinal indispensable shock load. A differential load intensity was considered up to the loss of stability. A finite difference method was applied, with an explicit integration schema for the time of the dynamic stability equations. It was assumed that the precursor to the unstable behaviour of a steel compression member was a continuous deformation of the rod axis, which was defined according to current industry-standard design procedures. Cases of flexible and stiff rods, varying in slenderness, were considered. It was demonstrated that a significant load on the performance of the steel compression members and their buckling mechanisms is attributable to longitudinal wave effects. These longitudinal wave effects cause high-frequency changes in the axial forces with a significant stress concentration due to the effect of reflection from a pinned support. This is critical for the dissipation of internal energy by plastic deformation. The applied research method facilitated an estimation of the dynamic critical forces and their relationships with static values. Keywords: steel rods with pre-deformation of axis, elastic-plastic behaviour, dynamic stability of rods, differential approximation, effects of axial wave response
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Taig, Gerard, and Gianluca Ranzi. "Generalised Beam Theory for composite beams with longitudinal and transverse partial interaction." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 22, no. 10 (July 8, 2016): 2011–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286516653799.
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This paper presents a Generalised Beam Theory formulation to study the partial interaction behaviour of two-layered prismatic steel–concrete composite beams. The novelty of the proposed approach is in its capacity to handle the deformability of the shear connections at the interface between the slab and steel beam in both the longitudinal and transverse directions in the evaluation of the deformation modes. This method falls within a category of cross-sectional analyses available in the literature for which a suitable set of deformation modes, including conventional, extension and shear, is determined from dynamic analyses of discrete planar frame models representing the cross-section. In this context, the shear connections are modelled using shear deformable spring elements. As a result, the in-plane partial shear interaction behaviour is accounted for in the planar dynamic analysis during the evaluation of the conventional and extension modes, while the longitudinal partial interaction behaviour associated with the shear modes is included in the out-of-plane dynamic analyses. In the case of the conventional modes, the longitudinal slip is accounted for in the post-processing stage where the warping displacements are determined. A numerical example of a composite box girder beam is presented and its structural response investigated for different levels of shear connection stiffness in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. The accuracy of the numerical results is validated against those obtained with a shell finite element model implemented in ABAQUS/Standard software.
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Hambrey, Michael J., and Julian A. Dowdeswell. "Flow regime of the Lambert Glacier-Amery Ice Shelf system, Antarctica: structural evidence from Landsat imagery." Annals of Glaciology 20 (1994): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/1994aog20-1-401-406.
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High-resolution visible and near-infrared satellite imagery provides a means of investigating the structural glaciology, and in turn the dynamics, of large ice masses. The Lambert Glacier-Amery Ice Shelf system is one of the largest ice drainage basins in Antarctica and has previously yielded conflicting evidence concerning its dynamic behaviour: either that the system has a propensity for surging or that it has a constant flow regime. Digital manipulation of Landsat imagery allows analysis of the structure of the glacier system, showing longitudinal foliation, medial moraines and crevasse patterns that provide no evidence of surging behavior during the residence time of ice in the glacier system.
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Hambrey, Michael J., and Julian A. Dowdeswell. "Flow regime of the Lambert Glacier-Amery Ice Shelf system, Antarctica: structural evidence from Landsat imagery." Annals of Glaciology 20 (1994): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500016761.
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High-resolution visible and near-infrared satellite imagery provides a means of investigating the structural glaciology, and in turn the dynamics, of large ice masses. The Lambert Glacier-Amery Ice Shelf system is one of the largest ice drainage basins in Antarctica and has previously yielded conflicting evidence concerning its dynamic behaviour: either that the system has a propensity for surging or that it has a constant flow regime. Digital manipulation of Landsat imagery allows analysis of the structure of the glacier system, showing longitudinal foliation, medial moraines and crevasse patterns that provide no evidence of surging behavior during the residence time of ice in the glacier system.
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Bassi, Francesca. "Longitudinal models for dynamic segmentation in financial markets." International Journal of Bank Marketing 35, no. 3 (May 15, 2017): 431–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-05-2016-0068.
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Purpose Dynamic market segmentation is a very important topic in many businesses where it is interesting to gain knowledge on the reference market and on its evolution over time. Various papers in the reference literature are devoted to the topic and different statistical models are proposed. The purpose of this paper is to compare two statistical approaches to model categorical longitudinal data to perform dynamic market segmentation. Design/methodology/approach The latent class Markov model identifies a latent variable whose states represent market segments at an initial point in time, customers can switch to one segment to another between consecutive measurement occasions and a regression structure models the effects of covariates, describing customers’ characteristics, on segments belonging and transition probabilities. The latent class growth approach models individual trajectories, describing a behaviour over time. Customers’ characteristics may be inserted in the model to affect trajectories that may vary across latent groups, in the author’s case, market segments. Findings The two approaches revealed both suitable for dynamic market segmentation. The advice to marketer analysts is to explore both solutions to dynamically segment the reference market. The best approach will be then judged in terms of fit, substantial results and assumptions on the reference market. Originality/value The proposed statistical models are new in the field of financial markets.
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D’Alessandro, Marco, and Luigi Lombardi. "A Dynamic Framework for Modelling Set-Shifting Performances." Behavioral Sciences 9, no. 7 (July 18, 2019): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs9070079.
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Higher-order cognitive functions can be seen as a class of cognitive processes which are crucial in situations requiring a flexible adjustment of behaviour in response to changing demands of the environment. The cognitive assessment of these functions often relies on tasks which admit a dynamic, or longitudinal, component requiring participants to flexibly adapt their behaviour during the unfolding of the task. An intriguing feature of such experimental protocols is that they allow the performance of an individual to change as the task unfolds. In this work, we propose a Latent Markov Model approach to capture some dynamic aspects of observed response patterns of both healthy and substance dependent individuals in a set-shifting task. In particular, data from a Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were analysed in order to represent performance trends in terms of latent cognitive states dynamics. The results highlighted how a dynamic modelling approach can considerably improve the amount of information a researcher, or a clinician, can obtain from the analysis of a set-shifting task.
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Parnell, William J., and Riccardo De Pascalis. "Soft metamaterials with dynamic viscoelastic functionality tuned by pre-deformation." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 377, no. 2144 (March 18, 2019): 20180072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2018.0072.
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The small amplitude dynamic response of materials can be tuned by employing inhomogeneous materials capable of large deformation. However, soft materials generally exhibit viscoelastic behaviour, i.e. loss and frequency-dependent effective properties. This is the case for inhomogeneous materials even in the homogenization limit when propagating wavelengths are much longer than phase lengthscales, since soft materials can possess long relaxation times. These media, possessing rich frequency-dependent behaviour over a wide range of low frequencies, can be termed metamaterials in modern terminology. The sub-class that are periodic are frequently termed soft phononic crystals although their strong dynamic behaviour usually depends on wavelengths being of the same order as the microstructure. In this paper we describe how the effective loss and storage moduli associated with longitudinal waves in thin inhomogeneous rods are tuned by pre-stress. Phases are assumed to be quasi-linearly viscoelastic, thus exhibiting time-deformation separability in their constitutive response. We illustrate however that the effective incremental response of the inhomogeneous medium does not exhibit time-deformation separability. For a range of nonlinear materials it is shown that there is strong coupling between the frequency of the small amplitude longitudinal wave and initial large deformation. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Rivlin's legacy in continuum mechanics and applied mathematics’.
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Nasir, Rizal E. M., and Wahyu Kuntjoro. "Longitudinal Flight Stability Augmentation of a Small Blended Wing-Body Aircraft with Canard as Control Surface." Applied Mechanics and Materials 393 (September 2013): 329–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.393.329.
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Transient response of an aircraft in longitudinal motion has two modes of oscillatory motion short period mode and phugoid modes and failure to achieve satisfactory level would mean poor flying and handling qualities leading to unnecessary pilot workload. This study proposes a stability augmentation system (SAS) in longitudinal flying modes for steady and level flight at all airspeeds and altitudes within Baseline-II E-2 BWBs operational flight envelope (OFE). The main controlling component of this stability augmentation system is a set of canard, a control surface located in front of the wing. It must be able to compensate Baseline-II E-2 BWB poor transient responses damping ratios so that good flying quality can be achieved. Observation from the transient responses of the unaugmented system signify high-frequency short-period oscillations with almost constant low damping ratio at an altitude, and low-frequency phugoid oscillation with varying damping ratio depending on airspeed. A conclusive behaviour of natural frequencies and damping ratios against dynamic pressure leads to the understanding on how dynamic pressure influences the flying qualities. Derivation of dynamic equations in terms of dynamic pressures enables one to design and device a feedback system to compensate poor flying qualities of the original unaugmented aircraft with conclusive relationship between important parameters and dynamic pressure are put in the overall dynamic equation. Two feedback gain systems, pitch attitude and pitch rate gains are scheduled based on dynamic pressure values and are combined into the aircraft longitudinal SAS. The proposed SAS has proven to be the suitable candidate for Baseline-II E-2 BWB as it is able to ensure Level 1 flying qualities, longitudinally.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Longitudinal dynamic behaviour"
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Fox, S. "Understanding the dynamic leakage behaviour of longitudinal slits in viscoelastic pipes." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13110/.
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Polyethylene pipes, and other polymeric materials, are a popular choice in the water industry due to their advertised but exaggerated leak resistance. When leaks do occur in this pipe material, the complex leakage behaviour (time and pressure dependent) presents a challenge in accurately modelling the representative response. The presented research aimed to quantify the leak behaviour of longitudinal slits in viscoelastic water distribution pipes, considering the dynamic interaction of hydraulic conditions and the pipe section characteristics. A methodology was developed to create synergy between novel physical investigations and numerical simulations, evaluating the synchronous pressure, leakage, flow-rate and leak area to understand the interdependence of the leakage and structural dynamics. The synchronous leak area was confirmed as the critical parameter defining the leak response and is in turn dependent on the leak and pipe geometry, loading conditions and viscoelastic material properties. The theoretical discharge coeffcient was shown to remain constant, thereby establishing that the structural response, i.e. the change of leak area, can be determined by quantifying the leakage flow-rate and the pressure headalone. Derivation of a generalised leakage model effectively captured the dynamic leakage behaviour. However, the model may provide an erroneous estimate of the true response due to the exclusion of the influence of ground conditions. These were shown to result in a significant increase in slit face loading dependent on the specific soil matrix properties, simultaneously altering the structural deformation and net leakage. Alongside the advances in fundamental understanding, the research also has implications for leakage management strategies. The short term behaviour may severely hinder the effectiveness of leak localisation technologies and the quantification of risk associated with contaminant ingress. However, it was shown that current leakage modelling practice over relatively long time periods are not adversely affected by the existence of such dynamic leaks.
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Narmack, Kirilll. "Dynamic Speed Adaptation for Curves using Machine Learning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-233545.
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The vehicles of tomorrow will be more sophisticated, intelligent and safe than the vehicles of today. The future is leaning towards fully autonomous vehicles. This degree project provides a data driven solution for a speed adaptation system that can be used to compute a vehicle speed for curves, suitable for the underlying driving style of the driver, road properties and weather conditions. A speed adaptation system for curves aims to compute a vehicle speed suitable for curves that can be used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) or in Autonomous Driving (AD) applications. This degree project was carried out at Volvo Car Corporation. Literature in the field of speed adaptation systems and factors affecting the vehicle speed in curves was reviewed. Naturalistic driving data was both collected by driving and extracted from Volvo's data base and further processed. A novel speed adaptation system for curves was invented, implemented and evaluated. This speed adaptation system is able to compute a vehicle speed suitable for the underlying driving style of the driver, road properties and weather conditions. Two different artificial neural networks and two mathematical models were used to compute the desired vehicle speed in curves. These methods were compared and evaluated.Morgondagens fordon kommer att vara mer sofistikerade, intelligenta och säkra än dagens fordon. Framtiden lutar mot fullständigt autonoma fordon. Detta examensarbete tillhandahåller en datadriven lösning för ett hastighetsanpassningssystem som kan beräkna ett fordons hastighet i kurvor som är lämpligt för förarens körstil, vägens egenskaper och rådande väder. Ett hastighetsanpassningssystem för kurvor har som mål att beräkna en fordonshastighet för kurvor som kan användas i Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) eller Autonomous Driving (AD) applikationer. Detta examensarbete utfördes på Volvo Car Corporation. Litteratur kring hastighetsanpassningssystem samt faktorer som påverkar ett fordons hastighet i kurvor studerades. Naturalistisk bilkörningsdata samlades genom att köra bil samt extraherades från Volvos databas och bearbetades. Ett nytt hastighetsanpassningssystem uppfanns, implementerades samt utvärderades. Hastighetsanpassningssystemet visade sig vara kapabelt till att beräkna en lämplig fordonshastighet för förarens körstil under rådande väderförhållanden och vägens egenskaper. Två olika artificiella neuronnätverk samt två matematiska modeller användes för att beräkna fordonets hastighet. Dessa metoder jämfördes och utvärderades.
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Miyazaki, Yusuke. "Fundamental study on seismic behavior of hinge types of precast arch culverts in culvert longitudinal direction." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242475.
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Semendary, Ali A. "Behavior of Adjacent Prestressed Concrete Box Beam Bridges Containing Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) Longitudinal Joints." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1518181442348314.
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Song, Hyunjin. "A Dynamic Longitudinal Examination of Social Networks and Political Behavior: The Moderating Effect of Local Network Properties and Its Implication for Social Influence Processes." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1427490761.
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Valle, Orero Jessica. "Dynamics and thermal behaviour of films of oriented DNA fibres investigated using neutron scattering and calorimetry techniques." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00734670.
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The majority of structural studies on DNA have been carried out using fibre diffraction, while studies of its dynamics and thermal behaviour have been mainly performed in solution. When the DNA double helix is heated, it exhibits local separation of the two strands that grow in size with temperature and lead to their complete separation. This work has investigated various aspects of this phenomenon. The experiments reported in this thesis were carried out on films of oriented fibres of DNA prepared with the Wet Spinning Apparatus. Thus, sample preparation and characterisation are essential parts of the research. The structures of two forms of DNA, A and B, have been explored as a function of relative humidity at fixed ionic conditions. A method to eliminate traces of ever-present B-form contamination in A-form samples was established. The high orientation of the DNA molecules within the samples allowed us to investigate dynamical fluctuations and the melting transition of DNA using neutron scattering, which can provide the spatial information crucial to understand a phase transition, probing the static correlation length along the molecule as a function of temperature. The transition has been investigated for A and B-forms in order to understand its dependence on molecular configuration.Furthermore, after the first melting, denatured DNA films show typical glass behaviour. Their thermal relaxation has been explored using calorimetry.Neutron and X-ray inelastic scattering (INS and IXS) were used in the past to measure longitudinal phonons in fibre DNA, and the results shown disagreement. Recent INS measurements supported with phonon simulations have been crucial to understand the different dispersion curves reported to date. Experiments using INS and IXS have been carried out to continue with this investigation. Attempts to observe the transverse fluctuations associated to the thermal denaturing of DNA, never experimentally investigated before, have been made.
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Rosenwald, Geertruda. "The well-being and identities of 14- to 26-year-old intercountry adoptees and their non-adopted migrant peers in Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2009. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/13.
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Intercountry adoption is a globally politicised institution that triggers strong discourses about whether transplantation to a markedly different country and culture, often into families with racially different parents, negatively affects the children ' s well-being and identity. Although empirical intercountry adoption research has increased elsewhere, Australian-based research has lagged behind. This thesis presents a body of evidence about the well-being and identity of over half the population of 14- to 26-year-old intercountry adoptees in Western Australia, how their well-being changed from 1994 to 2004, how they compare with non-adopted migrant peers and the influence of risk and threat factors. In 2004, participants consisted of 110 intercountry adoptees, three partners, 120 adoptive parents of 160 adoptees, 80 migrant peers and 44 parents of 56 peers. Data were collected by mail survey. From theoretical perspectives in subjective well-being, identity processes and transracial adoption, well-being was examined in terms of physical health, happiness, satisfaction with life and adoption/migration, self-esteem, self-efficacy, competence and adaptive and problem behaviours. Identity was examined in terms of adoptive/migrant status, heritage, community membership, ethnicity, culture, race and place.
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(9788021), Colin Cole. "Longitudinal train dynamics: Characteristics, modelling, simulation and neural network prediction for Central Queensland coal trains." Thesis, 1999. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Longitudinal_train_dynamics_Characteristics_modelling_simulation_and_neural_network_prediction_for_Central_Queensland_coal_trains/13465427.
Full textBooks on the topic "Longitudinal dynamic behaviour"
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G, Samavedam, United States. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research and Development., John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (U.S.), and Foster-Miller, eds. Investigation on CWR longitudinal restraint behavior in winter rail break and summer destressing operations. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration, Office of Research and Development, 1997.
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Snijders, Tom A. B., and Mark Pickup. Stochastic Actor Oriented Models for Network Dynamics. Edited by Jennifer Nicoll Victor, Alexander H. Montgomery, and Mark Lubell. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190228217.013.10.
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Stochastic Actor Oriented Models for Network Dynamics are used for the statistical analysis of longitudinal network data collected as a panel. The probability model defines an unobserved stochastic process of tie changes, where social actors add new ties or drop existing ties in response to the current network structure; the panel observations are snapshots of the resulting changing network. The statistical analysis is based on computer simulations of this process, which provides a great deal of flexibility in representing data constraints and dependence structures. In this Chapter we begin by defining the basic model. We then explicate a new model for nondirected ties, including several options for the specification of how pairs of actors coordinate tie changes. Next, we describe coevolution models. These can be used to model the dynamics of several interdependent sets of variables, such as the analysis of panel data on a network and the behavior of the actors in the network, or panel data on two or more networks. We finish by discussing the differences between Stochastic Actor Oriented Models and some other longitudinal network models. A major distinguishing feature is the treatment of time, which allows straightforward application of the model to panel data with different time lags between waves. We provide a variety of applications in political science throughout.
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Tibaldi, Stefano, and Franco Molteni. Atmospheric Blocking in Observation and Models. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.611.
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The atmospheric circulation in the mid-latitudes of both hemispheres is usually dominated by westerly winds and by planetary-scale and shorter-scale synoptic waves, moving mostly from west to east. A remarkable and frequent exception to this “usual” behavior is atmospheric blocking. Blocking occurs when the usual zonal flow is hindered by the establishment of a large-amplitude, quasi-stationary, high-pressure meridional circulation structure which “blocks” the flow of the westerlies and the progression of the atmospheric waves and disturbances embedded in them. Such blocking structures can have lifetimes varying from a few days to several weeks in the most extreme cases. Their presence can strongly affect the weather of large portions of the mid-latitudes, leading to the establishment of anomalous meteorological conditions. These can take the form of strong precipitation episodes or persistent anticyclonic regimes, leading in turn to floods, extreme cold spells, heat waves, or short-lived droughts. Even air quality can be strongly influenced by the establishment of atmospheric blocking, with episodes of high concentrations of low-level ozone in summer and of particulate matter and other air pollutants in winter, particularly in highly populated urban areas.Atmospheric blocking has the tendency to occur more often in winter and in certain longitudinal quadrants, notably the Euro-Atlantic and the Pacific sectors of the Northern Hemisphere. In the Southern Hemisphere, blocking episodes are generally less frequent, and the longitudinal localization is less pronounced than in the Northern Hemisphere.Blocking has aroused the interest of atmospheric scientists since the middle of the last century, with the pioneering observational works of Berggren, Bolin, Rossby, and Rex, and has become the subject of innumerable observational and theoretical studies. The purpose of such studies was originally to find a commonly accepted structural and phenomenological definition of atmospheric blocking. The investigations went on to study blocking climatology in terms of the geographical distribution of its frequency of occurrence and the associated seasonal and inter-annual variability. Well into the second half of the 20th century, a large number of theoretical dynamic works on blocking formation and maintenance started appearing in the literature. Such theoretical studies explored a wide range of possible dynamic mechanisms, including large-amplitude planetary-scale wave dynamics, including Rossby wave breaking, multiple equilibria circulation regimes, large-scale forcing of anticyclones by synoptic-scale eddies, finite-amplitude non-linear instability theory, and influence of sea surface temperature anomalies, to name but a few. However, to date no unique theoretical model of atmospheric blocking has been formulated that can account for all of its observational characteristics.When numerical, global short- and medium-range weather predictions started being produced operationally, and with the establishment, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, it quickly became of relevance to assess the capability of numerical models to predict blocking with the correct space-time characteristics (e.g., location, time of onset, life span, and decay). Early studies showed that models had difficulties in correctly representing blocking as well as in connection with their large systematic (mean) errors.Despite enormous improvements in the ability of numerical models to represent atmospheric dynamics, blocking remains a challenge for global weather prediction and climate simulation models. Such modeling deficiencies have negative consequences not only for our ability to represent the observed climate but also for the possibility of producing high-quality seasonal-to-decadal predictions. For such predictions, representing the correct space-time statistics of blocking occurrence is, especially for certain geographical areas, extremely important.
Book chapters on the topic "Longitudinal dynamic behaviour"
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Pickles, Andrew R., and Richard B. Davies. "Inference from Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data for Dynamic Behavioural Processes." In Urban Dynamics and Spatial Choice Behaviour, 81–104. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1009-6_5.
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Winter, R. E., and P. T. Keightley. "Stress Perturbations Caused by Longitudinal Stress Gauges." In Dynamic Behavior of Materials, Volume 1, 327–28. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8228-5_47.
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Meijaard, Jaap P. "Modelling and Simulation of Longitudinal Tyre Behaviour." In Non-smooth Problems in Vehicle Systems Dynamics, 161–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01356-0_14.
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Tamaogi, T., and Y. Sogabe. "Longitudinal Wave Propagation Including High Frequency Component in Viscoelastic Bars." In Dynamic Behavior of Materials, Volume 1, 75–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22452-7_12.
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Zhong, Xiao-Fang, Ning Yuan, Shi-Yuan Han, Yue-Hui Chen, and Dong Wang. "Safety Inter-vehicle Policy Based on the Longitudinal Dynamics Behaviors." In Intelligent Computing Theories and Application, 720–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63312-1_64.
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Lau, Kam Y. "Dynamic Longitudinal Mode Spectral Behavior of Laser Diodes Under Direct High-Frequency Modulation." In Springer Series in Optical Sciences, 45–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16458-3_6.
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Miyazaki, Y., Y. Sawamura, K. Kishida, and M. Kimura. "Dynamic behaviour of three-hinge-type precast arch culverts with various patterns of overburden in culvert longitudinal direction." In Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, 915–20. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429438646-23.
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"Dynamic Longitudinal Growth Modeling." In Modern Research Methods for the Study of Behavior in Organizations, 89–124. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203585146-11.
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Kreager, Philip, and Elisabeth Schröder-Butterfill. "Population ageing and conjunctural action." In The Anthropological Demography of Health, 323–46. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862437.003.0012.
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One of the most promising conceptual and empirical breakthroughs to emerge from combined anthropological and demographic thinking is the theory of conjunctural action. Developed in a sequence of articles and books by Jennifer Johnson-Hanks, this approach provides an effective alternative to rationalist decision-making models that have prevailed in population studies over the whole post-War period. Observation and analysis of vital conjunctures show how social, economic, and political differences between groups in society are manifested in individual agency at specific points across the life course, and how people’s behaviour in this way differentiates the many subpopulations making up a society. The approach thus addresses directly two major shortcomings in population research: the need to explain mechanisms underlying the evolution of population heterogeneity, and the dynamics that entrench inequalities. To date, the study of conjunctural action has been addressed chiefly to fertility. In this chapter, we explore how health issues facing older people, their families, and communities are illuminated by this approach, drawing on multi-site, longitudinal ethnographic and demographic research in Indonesia. We begin with the nature of uncertainty and vulnerability at older ages, and how it can be modelled across the life course. This leads to consideration of the dynamic relation between individual action and subpopulation memberships, and how it articulates the compositional demography of status, network, ethnic, and related subpopulation memberships.
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Bobashev, Georgiy, and Andrei Borshchev. "Projecting Health Care Factors into Future Outcomes with Agent-Based Modeling." In Multi-Agent Systems for Healthcare Simulation and Modeling, 234–56. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-772-0.ch013.
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Human behavior is dynamic; it changes and adapts. In this chapter, we describe modeling approaches that consider human behavior as it relates to health care. We present examples the demonstrate how accounting for the social network structure changes the dynamics of infectious disease, how social hierarchy affects the chances of getting HIV, how the use of low dead-space syringe reduces the risk of HIV transmission, and how emergency departments could function more efficiently when real-time activities are simulated. The examples we use build from simple to more complex models and illustrate how agent-based modeling opens new horizons for providing descriptions of complex phenomena that were not possible with traditional statistical or even system dynamics methods. Agent-based modeling can use behavioral data from a cross-sectional representative study and project the behavior into the future so that the risks can be studied in a dynamical/temporal sense, thus combining the advantages of representative cross-sectional and longitudinal studies for the price of increased uncertainty. The authors also discuss data needs and potential future applications for this method.
Conference papers on the topic "Longitudinal dynamic behaviour"
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Arrif, Iffa Mohd, Wahyu Kuntjoro, Mohd Razip Abdullah, and Rizal Effendy Mohd Nasir. "Dynamic Behaviour Observation of Quadcopter in Longitudinal Mode." In 2019 IEEE 7th Conference on Systems, Process and Control (ICSPC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icspc47137.2019.9068094.
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Körber, H., and P. P. Camanho. "Characterisation of unidirectional Carbon-Epoxy IM7-8552 in longitudinal compression under high strain rates." In DYMAT 2009 - 9th International Conferences on the Mechanical and Physical Behaviour of Materials under Dynamic Loading. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/dymat/2009025.
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Abdelazim, H. Y., M. A. Hashish, and M. F. El-Refaie. "Effect of Longitudinal Conduction on the Dynamic Behaviour of the Flat-Plate Solar Collector." In 22nd Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1987-9330.
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Van den Abeele, F., J. Peirs, P. Verleysen, F. Oikonomides, and J. Van Wittenberghe. "Dynamic Behaviour of High Strength Pipeline Steel." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90224.
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The occurrence of a longitudinal crack propagating along a gas pipeline is a catastrophic event, which involves both economic losses and environmental damage. Hence, the fracture propagation control is essential to ensure pipeline integrity. The commonly used ductile fracture control strategy for the design of high pressure pipelines is the Battelle Two Curve Method. This approach stipulates that if there is a crack speed at a given pressure that exceeds the gas decompression velocity at the same pressure, propagation will occur. However, for high strength pipeline steels, this method does not yield conservative predictions, as the absorbed impact energy during a Charpy test no longer reflects the actual burst behaviour of the pipe. Enhanced toughness measures, like Crack Tip Opening Angle and instrumented Battelle Drop Weight Tear test are being proposed as alternative options. These emerging toughness tests are complemented by numerical simulations of ductile crack propagation and arrest. Most of these models are based on the computation of void growth, and account for the local softening of the material due to void growth and subsequent coalescence. The constitutive behaviour of the sound pipeline steel is often modelled as merely an elastoplastic law, measured under quasi-static conditions. However, both Charpy tests and Battelle tests are dynamic events, which require knowledge of the strain rate sensitivity of the pipeline material. In addition, very high strain rates can occur in the vicinity of a running crack in a high pressure gas pipeline. Hence, the constitutive model for the pipeline steel has to account for strain rate sensitivity. In this paper, Split Hopkinson Tensile Bar (SHTB) experiments are reported on high strength pipeline steel. Notched tensile tests are performed at high strain rates, to assess the influence of both strain rate sensitivity and triaxiality on the response of the material. In addition, dynamic experiments are conducted at low temperatures (−70°C) to evaluate the ductility of pipeline steel under such severe conditions. The results allow discriminating between the effects of strain rate, triaxiality and temperature, and provide reliable experimental data to accurately model the constitutive behaviour of high strength pipeline steel.
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Caputo, Francesco, Giuseppe Lamanna, and Alessandro Soprano. "Finite Element Dynamic Analysis of a Railway Seat Under Longitudinal Impact Condition." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62224.
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For a railway vehicle, the structural integrity of the seat frame and of its connection to that of the coach is a very important aspect of the design phase addressed to the improvement of the passive safety performances, at most because the analysis of the accidents occurred in recent years shows that secondary impacts against vehicle interiors remain one of the main causes of injury. All regulations which apply to this task start from the assumption that whatever happens to the vehicle the seat must remain connected to the vehicle frame, as well as the different parts to each other. Numerical evaluations are obviously necessary to match with this design requirement; it would be desirable to apply multi-body (MB) codes to this task, as they are really fast, but unfortunately they can’t provide detailed results for what concerns the structural behaviour of the involved seat and vehicle components. For this reason, in the present work a full finite element model of a sled-test, including a FE dummy, has been developed, analysed and validated by comparison with the available experimental results; it has been also showed how this kind of numerical simulation is suited and necessary to evaluate the structural behaviour of the structural components of the seat frame. In the context of the presented study the MADYMO® code has been adopted to perform the preliminary MB analyses necessary to calibrate and evaluate the relevant parameters of dummy-seat contact surfaces and of seat-belt stiffness, while LS DYNA® code has been used for the structural dynamic FE analyses.
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Gerard, Mathieu, Matteo Corno, Michel Verhaegen, and Edward Holweg. "Force-Based ABS Control Using Lateral Force Measurement." In ASME 2011 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference and Bath/ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2011-5939.
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In this paper a hybrid force-based Anti Locking Braking System (ABS) is presented. The proposed control system directly considers the lateral tyre behaviour during heavy braking. In this way it is possible to guarantee drivability and stability also when braking on surfaces without a clear tyre characteristic peak. The goal of the paper is to show the potentialities of load-based vehicle dynamics control. It is shown that, thanks to the availability of the lateral and longitudinal tyre force measurements, a stable braking can be achieved with a minimal increase of complexity of the algorithm in conditions that are critical for traditional ABS. The general control concept is that of reducing the longitudinal slip if the measured lateral force is smaller than a desired minimum. Two different ways of computing the minimum lateral forces are presented: one for the front axle with the objective of guaranteeing steerability and one for the rear axle to guarantee stability. Simulations on a nonlinear vehicle simulator confirm that the controller can maintain the desired steering behaviour and vehicle yaw stability in case of heavy braking.
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Ahmad, S. S. N., C. Cole, M. Spiryagin, and Y. Q. Sun. "Integrated Methodology for Investigation of Wagon Bogie Concepts by Simulation." In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20634.
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Implementation of a new bogie concept is an integrated part of the vehicle design which must follow a rigorous testing and validation procedure. Use of multibody simulation helps to reduce the amount of time and effort required in selecting a new concept design by analysing results of simulated dynamic behaviour of the proposed design. However, the multibody simulation software mainly looks at the dynamics of a single vehicle; hence, forces from the train configuration operational dynamics are often absent in such simulations. Effects of longitudinal-lateral and longitudinal-vertical interactions between rail vehicles have been found to affect the stability of long trains [1,2]. The effect of wedge design on the vertical dynamics of a bogie has also been discussed in [3,4]. It is important to apply the lateral and vertical forces from a train simulation into a single multibody model of a wagon to check its behaviour when operating in train configuration. In this paper, a novel methodology for the investigation of new bogie designs has been proposed based on integrating dynamic train simulation and the multibody vehicle modelling concept that will help to efficiently achieve the most suitable design of the bogie. The proposed methodology suggests that simulation of any configuration of bogie needs to be carried out in three stages. As the first stage, the bogie designs along with the wagon configurations need to be presented as a multibody model in multibody simulation software to test the suitability of the concept. The model checking needs to be carried out in accordance with the wagon model acceptance procedure established in [5]. As the second stage, the wagon designs need to be tested in train configurations using a longitudinal train dynamics simulation software such as ‘CRE-LTS’ [2], where a train set consisting of the locomotives and wagons will be simulated to give operational wagon parameters such as lateral and vertical coupler force components. As the third stage, the detailed dynamic analysis of bogies and wagons needs to be performed with a multibody software such as ‘Gensys’ where lateral and vertical coupler force components from the train simulation (second stage) will be applied on the multibody model to replicate the worst case scenario. The proposed methodology enhances the selection procedure of any alternate bogie concept by the application of simulated train and vehicle dynamics. The simulated case studies show that simulation of wagon dynamic behaviour in multibody software combined with data obtained from longitudinal train simulation is not only possible, but it can identify issues with a bogie design that can otherwise be overlooked.
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de Souza Junior, Jesse´ R., and Helio M. Morishita. "Dynamic Behaviour of a Turret FPSO in Single and Tandem Configurations in Realistic Sea Environments." In ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28134.
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A comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of ship-type Floating, Production, Storage and Offloading systems anchored through a turret system (Turret-FPSO) is presented. Firstly, the behavior of the FPSO unit alone is examined under the combined action of wind, current and waves. Wave forces are represented by second-order effects such as slow drift forces, as well as wave-current interaction corrections to mean drift forces, namely wave drift damping. The influence of the vessel’s draft and of the longitudinal position of the turret is also assessed. The study of the dynamics of the system is performed by calculating static equilibrium solutions and evaluating their stability properties. Relevant ranges of environmental parameters such as wind and current speeds, wave spectra, and respective angles of incidence are investigated. Numerical results are obtained and shown in bifurcation diagrams depicting the evolution of steady-state responses as a function of environmental parameters. The system displays a variety of different regimes of solutions in which both their number and their stability may change as one or more parameters are varied. The stability analysis of the Turret-FPSO system is extended to include the tandem configuration with a shuttle vessel. The main features of this more intricate scenario are summarized in 3D bifurcation diagrams.
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Lumentut, Mikail F., and Ian M. Howard. "An Analytical Method for Vibration Modelling of a Piezoelectric Bimorph Beam for Power Harvesting." In ASME 2009 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2009-1398.
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This paper presents the development of a mathematical method for modelling a piezoelectric bimorph beam under two input base-transversal and longitudinal excitations. The piezoelectric bimorph beam model was based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam coupled with polarity-electric field for low power harvesting. The piezoelectric bimorph beam with brass centre shim was also coupled to a simple electrical circuit of resistor component. The existence of input base-longitudinal motion can affect the overall strain, polarity and electric field of the cantilevered piezoelectric bimorph, identified to have predominant bending due to input transverse-base motion. The characteristic physical behaviour of the bimorph model for parallel connection can create mode vector configurations of X-poling due to longitudinal extension form and Y-poling due transverse bending form. Conversely, the effect of series connection of the physical bimorph model can create X-poling due to transverse bending and Y-poling due to longitudinal extension forms. A new method of solving the piezoelectric bimorph under two input base-motions using coupling superposition of the elastic-polarity field has been introduced. The governing dynamics equations can be derived analytically using the weak form of Hamiltonian theorem to obtain the constitutive equations. DuBois-Reymond lemma can be used to separate three constitutive dynamic equations based on independent coefficients of the virtual displacement vectors. Furthermore, the solution forms for the three governing dynamics equations were assumed using the three independent normal modes of displacement functions based on the normal modes in the transversal, longitudinal and electric potential mode forms. To this end, the dynamic equations for frequency response, dynamic displacements, accelerations and electric voltage can be further computed analytically according to the suggested formulations.
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Boniolo, Ivo, Giulio Panzani, Sergio M. Savaresi, Alessandro Scamozzi, and Luca Testa. "On the Roll Angle Estimate via Inertial Sensors: Analysis of the Principal Measurement Axes." In ASME 2009 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2009-2562.
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In this work it is proposed an analysis of the foremost inertial measurements to take into account for the estimate of the lean angle in two-wheeled vehicles. As it is well-known, the roll angle is a crucial variable in the dynamic of a two-wheeled vehicle, since it greatly affects the behaviour of the tire-road contact forces, especially in the lateral direction. Hence, the capability of providing a real time and reliable measure of such quantity allows to evaluate the dynamic properties of the vehicle and its tires and represents the enabling technology for the design of advanced ABS systems and stability control systems. The aim of the analysis proposed in this work is to identify which are the inertial measurements (accelerations and angular rates) that are strongly related to the lean angle and that can be used to estimate it in a urban path. Ideally, the measured lateral acceleration and the vertical angular velocity are the only crucial variables to estimate the tilt angle of a motorcycle, but in a real condition characterized by the presence of slopes, banks and variable speed, also the longitudinal measurement axis becomes relevant.
Reports on the topic "Longitudinal dynamic behaviour"
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Wu, Yingjie, Selim Gunay, and Khalid Mosalam. Hybrid Simulations for the Seismic Evaluation of Resilient Highway Bridge Systems. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/ytgv8834.
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Bridges often serve as key links in local and national transportation networks. Bridge closures can result in severe costs, not only in the form of repair or replacement, but also in the form of economic losses related to medium- and long-term interruption of businesses and disruption to surrounding communities. In addition, continuous functionality of bridges is very important after any seismic event for emergency response and recovery purposes. Considering the importance of these structures, the associated structural design philosophy is shifting from collapse prevention to maintaining functionality in the aftermath of moderate to strong earthquakes, referred to as “resiliency” in earthquake engineering research. Moreover, the associated construction philosophy is being modernized with the utilization of accelerated bridge construction (ABC) techniques, which strive to reduce the impact of construction on traffic, society, economy and on-site safety. This report presents two bridge systems that target the aforementioned issues. A study that combined numerical and experimental research was undertaken to characterize the seismic performance of these bridge systems. The first part of the study focuses on the structural system-level response of highway bridges that incorporate a class of innovative connecting devices called the “V-connector,”, which can be used to connect two components in a structural system, e.g., the column and the bridge deck, or the column and its foundation. This device, designed by ACII, Inc., results in an isolation surface at the connection plane via a connector rod placed in a V-shaped tube that is embedded into the concrete. Energy dissipation is provided by friction between a special washer located around the V-shaped tube and a top plate. Because of the period elongation due to the isolation layer and the limited amount of force transferred by the relatively flexible connector rod, bridge columns are protected from experiencing damage, thus leading to improved seismic behavior. The V-connector system also facilitates the ABC by allowing on-site assembly of prefabricated structural parts including those of the V-connector. A single-column, two-span highway bridge located in Northern California was used for the proof-of-concept of the proposed V-connector protective system. The V-connector was designed to result in an elastic bridge response based on nonlinear dynamic analyses of the bridge model with the V-connector. Accordingly, a one-third scale V-connector was fabricated based on a set of selected design parameters. A quasi-static cyclic test was first conducted to characterize the force-displacement relationship of the V-connector, followed by a hybrid simulation (HS) test in the longitudinal direction of the bridge to verify the intended linear elastic response of the bridge system. In the HS test, all bridge components were analytically modeled except for the V-connector, which was simulated as the experimental substructure in a specially designed and constructed test setup. Linear elastic bridge response was confirmed according to the HS results. The response of the bridge with the V-connector was compared against that of the as-built bridge without the V-connector, which experienced significant column damage. These results justified the effectiveness of this innovative device. The second part of the study presents the HS test conducted on a one-third scale two-column bridge bent with self-centering columns (broadly defined as “resilient columns” in this study) to reduce (or ultimately eliminate) any residual drifts. The comparison of the HS test with a previously conducted shaking table test on an identical bridge bent is one of the highlights of this study. The concept of resiliency was incorporated in the design of the bridge bent columns characterized by a well-balanced combination of self-centering, rocking, and energy-dissipating mechanisms. This combination is expected to lead to minimum damage and low levels of residual drifts. The ABC is achieved by utilizing precast columns and end members (cap beam and foundation) through an innovative socket connection. In order to conduct the HS test, a new hybrid simulation system (HSS) was developed, utilizing commonly available software and hardware components in most structural laboratories including: a computational platform using Matlab/Simulink [MathWorks 2015], an interface hardware/software platform dSPACE [2017], and MTS controllers and data acquisition (DAQ) system for the utilized actuators and sensors. Proper operation of the HSS was verified using a trial run without the test specimen before the actual HS test. In the conducted HS test, the two-column bridge bent was simulated as the experimental substructure while modeling the horizontal and vertical inertia masses and corresponding mass proportional damping in the computer. The same ground motions from the shaking table test, consisting of one horizontal component and the vertical component, were applied as input excitations to the equations of motion in the HS. Good matching was obtained between the shaking table and the HS test results, demonstrating the appropriateness of the defined governing equations of motion and the employed damping model, in addition to the reliability of the developed HSS with minimum simulation errors. The small residual drifts and the minimum level of structural damage at large peak drift levels demonstrated the superior seismic response of the innovative design of the bridge bent with self-centering columns. The reliability of the developed HS approach motivated performing a follow-up HS study focusing on the transverse direction of the bridge, where the entire two-span bridge deck and its abutments represented the computational substructure, while the two-column bridge bent was the physical substructure. This investigation was effective in shedding light on the system-level performance of the entire bridge system that incorporated innovative bridge bent design beyond what can be achieved via shaking table tests, which are usually limited by large-scale bridge system testing capacities.