Academic literature on the topic 'Longitudinal river profile'
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Journal articles on the topic "Longitudinal river profile"
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Leonid, A. Turykin, M. Berkovich Konstantin, and V. Zlotina Leonora. "The developed (graded) longitudinal profile simulation in the river section (a case study of the Upper Oka River)." GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM 5, no. 2 (2017): 75–81. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1118173.
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A method of simulating the developed longitudinal profile for a selected river section is proposed. The method is based on the concept of a longitudinal river profile, developed by N.I. Makkaveev. The developed longitudinal profile of the Oka River is calculated from the city of Kaluga to the Beloomut lock/dam. The calculation is performed using an equation of non-uniform flow motion and one of the developed longitudinal profile stage criteria – the constancy of the QI product along the river section (Q is average multiannual water discharge, I is a hydraulic slope). The obtained results show that the developed longitudinal profile of the water surface can serve as an important indicator of the trends of channel processes, not only in theoretical studies but also in solving practical problems of hydrological surveys, for example, when calculating the profile of terminal erosion, assessing the possible lowering of water levels.
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Silva, Rubens Neves e., Daniel Dantas Moreira Gomes, Carlos Eduardo Santos de Lima, and Mauricio Costa Goldfarb. "Uso do índice RDE para determinação de anomalias de drenagem no Rio Capibaribe (PE)." Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental 20, no. 1 (2016): 552. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236117019951.
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The longitudinal profile of a river is the Cartesian representation of the relationship between its height and its length. This relationship has been used as an important element for geomorphological and hydrological studies; example studies to determine the drainage anomalies. This study aimed to the determination and classification of river Capibaribe (PE) drainage anomalies. The analysis was made from the longitudinal profile of the Capibaribe river, built with the help of Google Earth software, through the RDE index proposed by Hack (1973). The longitudinal profile of the Capibaribe river is relatively balanced and contains anomalies second and first order. This profile presented an atypical geometry stretches in between kilometers 100 and 150, 150 and 200 and 200 and 250 due to the increase of the slope in the direction from upstream to downstream, as the literature indicates that in a typical profile should decrease in the slopes towards the mouth.
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Choo, Yeon-Moon, Ji-Min Kim, and Ik-Tae An. "Research on the Longitudinal Section of River Restoration Using Probabilistic Theory." Entropy 23, no. 8 (2021): 965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23080965.
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Since the 1960s, many rivers have been destroyed as a consequence of the process of rapid urbanization. As accurate figures are important to repair rivers, there have been many research reports on methods to obtain the exact river slope and elevation. Until now, many research efforts have analyzed the river using measured river topographic factors, but when the flow velocity changes rapidly, such as during a flood, surveying is not easy; and due to cost, frequent measurements are difficult. Previous research has focused on the cross section of the river, so the information on the river longitudinal profile is insufficient. In this research, using informational entropy theory, equations are presented that can calculate the average river slope, river slope, and river longitudinal elevation for a river basin in real time. The applicability was analyzed through a comparison with the measured data of river characteristic factors obtained from the river plan. The parameters were calculated using informational entropy theory and nonlinear regression analysis using actual data, and then the longitudinal elevation entropy equation for each river and the average river slope were calculated. As a result of analyzing the applicability of the equations presented in this study by R2 and Root Mean Square Error, all R2 values were over 0.80, while RMSE values were analyzed to be between 0.54 and 2.79. Valid results can be obtained by calculating river characteristic factors.
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Hamza, Vijith, V. Prasannakumar, and P. Pratheesh. "Modelling and interpretation of channel profile anomalies through stream length gradient (SL) indexes and GIS: A case study from the Vamanapuram River, Kerala, India." Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 75, no. 2 (2019): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.75.2.21300.
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Longitudinal profile of the Vamanapuram River and its five major tributaries was characterized to detect anomalies in terms of knick points through the calculation of stream length gradient (SL) indexes. Longitudinal profiles show presence of knick points in different reaches, indicating changes from the graded smooth concave profile to ungraded convex profile. The ungraded profile segments were confirmed by high SL indexes having sudden changes in values than the adjacent segments and those exactly fitted with the ungraded profile segments. The SL anomaly index is capable of expressing the stream profile anomalies in terms of its severity and to classify the river segments into different orders of anomalies. Higher order SL anomalies are mostly in the midland and lower regions than the headwaters region and are in uniform lithology and are unrelated to the map-scale structural features present in the river basin. The present study points to differential effect of geological process in the middle and lower reaches of the watershed in which the tributaries responded more than the major river. Past seismic events in the region confirm the role of neotectonic processes, which might have influenced the streams by changing the graded base level. Detailed field investigations of the anomalous stream segments can help to identify and understand the imprints caused due to neotectonic activity.
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Berkovich, K. M., L. V. Zlotina, and L. A. Turykin. "Vertical riverbed deformations due to in-stream mining." Геоморфология и палеогеография 55, no. 1 (2024): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2949178924010016.
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Comparison of the longitudinal profile of a number of lowland rivers in Russia, revealed their deformation due to a half-century of sediment flux and channel morphology adjustment. This problem remains relevant both in theoretical and practical aspects, especially for rivers where long-term mining of sediments from the stream beds extends from kilometers to tens of kilometers. The removal of a large amount of alluvial material from the sediments transport and changes of the riverbed morphometric characteristics triggered the process of leveling the sediment transport capacity along the river by the scour and resulted in a lowering of the bottom and water surface. The intensity of the incision reached 3–8 centimeters, and its progradation along the river 400–700 meters per year. Retrogressive erosion is pronounced, while progressive one is less pronounced, because partially replaced by mechanical removal of alluvial material. Over the past decades the shape of the longitudinal profiles changed from convex or straight to concave with no signs of recovery, despite the mining has been quite moderate for last 30 years or completed on the explored rivers.
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Li, Yan Hong, and Li Quan Xie. "2-D CFD Model for Free Surface River Flow with Tilt Rigid Leave of Submerged Vegetation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 212-213 (October 2012): 332–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.212-213.332.
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Keywords: river flow; two-dimensional CFD model; velocity profile; submerged vegetation leave Abstract. River flow with submerged foliage vegetation in straight and rectangular cross-sectional channel is numerically simulated through a vertical two-dimensional CFD model. Tilt thin strips are assigned in river flow to mimic the configuration of vegetation leave. The free surface line and the vertical profiles of longitudinal velocity are presented. The vertical velocity profile differs from the well acknowledged logarithmic or semi-logarithmic law. The submerged leave canopy resist the flow through it and pilots the flow upward over it, resulting in a decreased velocity within the canopy and an increased velocity above the canopy. The velocity profiles within the leave canopy are impacted by the configurations of the leave.
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Kumar, Anil, and Pradeep Srivastava. "The role of climate and tectonics in aggradation and incision of the Indus River in the Ladakh Himalaya during the late Quaternary." Quaternary Research 87, no. 3 (2017): 363–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.19.
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AbstractThe geomorphic evolution of the upper Indus River that traverses across the southwest (SW) edge of Tibet, and the Ladakh and Zanskar ranges, was examined along a ~350-km-long stretch of its reaches. Based on the longitudinal river profile, stream length gradient index, and river/strath terraces, this stretch of the river is divided into four segments. Valley fill river terraces are ubiquitous, and strath terraces occur in the lower reaches where the Indus River cuts through deformed Indus Molasse. Optically stimulated luminescence ages of river/strath terraces suggest that valley aggradation occurred in three pulses, at ~52, ~28, and ~16 ka, and that these broadly coincide with periods of stronger SW Indian summer monsoon. Reconstructed longitudinal river profiles using strath terraces provide an upper limit on the bedrock and provide incision rates ranging from 1.0±0.3 to 2.2±0.9 mm/a. These results suggested that rapid uplift of the western syntaxes aided by uplift along the local faults led to the formation of strath terraces and increased fluvial incision rates along this stretch of the river.
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Sharma, M. P., S. K. Singal, and S. Patra. "Water Quality Profile of Yamuna River, India." Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 3 (May 26, 2009): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v3i0.1914.
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The water quality profile of a river represents the extent of its pollution in terms of health of a river with respect to its longitudinal direction. This paper deals with the water quality profile of north India’s Yamuna river using physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters that converge into a single value NSF WQI. The water quality map of the river has been prepared showing that the Delhi stretch is highly polluted due to dumping of waste and discharge of untreated sewage and industrial effluents. The water quality map is a useful tool for policy makers, decision makers and environmentalists to suggest and implement appropriate conservation measures to improve the health of the water body.Key words: Water quality; pollution; river profile; indices; mapping; Indiadoi: 10.3126/hn.v3i0.1914Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Issue No. 3, July 2008. Page: 19-24
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Cui, Y., L. Chen, M. Li, and Z. Men. "THE STUDY OF WATERSHED TOPOGRAPHY CHARACTERISTICS IN VAKHSH RIVER BASED ON ZY3-DSM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3 (April 30, 2018): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-245-2018.
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The Vakhsh River is one of the major rivers in Tajikistan. The quantitative analysis of watershed topography and developmental characteristics in Vakhsh River catchment can reflect the morphological characteristics of the region, which is of great significance for revealing the quantitative relationship between the hydrological and the geomorphological process. In this paper, the D8 algorithm and the spatial analysis method were used to extract the river networks, the catchment boundary profile lines and the longitudinal valley profile lines of the four major tributaries in the Vakhsh River from the ZY3-DSM of 10 meters resolution. On this basis, five quantitative indices including the frequency of wave, amplitude of wave, gully density, the longitudinal slope and roundness rate were used to analyze the watershed landform and its development degree. According to the experimental results, the catchment have a high surface complexity and a mature landform. Yovonsu river catchment which is in the downstream of Vakhsh River is oval and has low terrain complexity with large frequency and small amplitude. Among the midstream and upstream, the Mukson River has developed into geriatric terrain that is the most mature and has the highest surface complex, while the Obikhingon River and the Kizilsu River have developed into a stable maternal terrain. In terms of topography, the boundary elevation of the Obikhingon is basically in accordance with the normal distribution, while the Kizilsu and the Muksu show a peak state with elevations of 4,000–5,000 m and 5,000–5,500 m, respectively.
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Morton, R., and RB Cunningham. "Longitudinal profile of trends in salinity in the river Murray." Soil Research 23, no. 1 (1985): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9850001.
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Statistical analyses have been performed on series of electrical conductivity (EC) measurements taken over the past 16 years from 8 stations on the River Murray to assess changes in salinity along the river and trends over time. Below Euston, N.S.W., salinity has generally increased over time, although the log-linear trends were statistically significant at only three stations: Red Cliffs, Morgan and Mannum. The increase in EC of over 1% p.a. at Red Cliffs was partly removed when it passed to Merbein, and we attribute this to the Lake Hawthorn salinity interception scheme. Both Morgan and Mannum showed increases of over 2% p.a., confirming the results of our earlier analysis of chloride data from Morgan, and current levels there are close to the desirable limit of 800 �S/cm. Thus major adverse effects can be anticipated if the rate of increase over the last 16 years is allowed to continue.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Longitudinal river profile"
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Bhattarai, Indu. "Quantitative River Profile Analysis to Investigate Exhumation of the Siwalik Foreland Basin, Nepalese Himalaya." TopSCHOLAR®, 2017. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1932.
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The Nepalese Himalaya, one of the most active regions within the Himalayan Mountain belt, is characterized by a thick succession of Miocene age Siwalik sedimentary rocks deposited at its foreland basin. To date, much of its tectonic evolution, including exhumation in the Nepalese Siwalik, is poorly understood. This study of a quantitative analysis of the bedrock river parameters should provide crucial information regarding tectonic activities in the area. The study investigated geomorphic parameters of river longitudinal profiles from 54 watersheds within the Siwalik section of the Nepalese Himalaya, for the first time. A total of 140 bedrock rivers from these watersheds were selected using stream power-law function and 30-meter resolution ASTER DEM. The quantitative data from the river longitudinal profiles were integrated with published exhumation ages. Results of this study show, first, a presence of major and minor knickpoints, with a total of 305 knickpoints identified, of which 180 were major knickpoints and the rest were minor knickpoints. Further classifications of knickpoints were based on structures (lineaments extracted from SRTM DEM), lithology, and possible uplift. Second, the Normalized Steepness index (ksn) values exhibited a range from 5.3 to 140.6. Third, the concavity index of streams in the study area ranged from as low as -12.1 to as high as 31.1 and the values were consistently higher upstream of the knickpoints. Finally, integration of the river profile data with the published exhumation ages show that the regions with a high ksn value correspond to the regions with higher incision and,
therefore, are likely to have high uplift. The presence of a break in ksn in the eastern section of the study area suggests that the incision is likely accelerated by Main Frontal Thrust (MFT) movements. Erosion of the thrust sheet could have influenced the rapid uplift of the Siwalik due to isostatic processes. Thus, the timing of the source-region exhumation and its rate suggests that MFT-related tectonics, and/or climate processes, likely influenced the landscape evolution of the study area. The results of this study should help in comprehending the neo-tectonic deformation of the Nepalese Himalaya.
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Stemerdink, Chris. "A numerical model of post-Anglian longitudinal profile development of the river Thames in the Upper Thames basin." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443110.
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Eddleman, James L. "Elevation, Longitudinal Profile, And Schmidt Hammer Analysis Of Strath Terraces Through Capitol Reef National Park, Utah: Bedrock Channel Response To Climate Forcing?" Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd936.pdf.
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Baller, Lindomar. "Caracterização de perfis longitudinais dos rios nas bacias hidrográficas do Paraná III (Brasil) e Alto Paraná (Paraguai)." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2014. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1668.
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Previous issue date: 2014-05-21<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>The paper presents the morphometric characteristics of the drainage channels, listing discussions regarding longitudinal profiles. The purpose of this research is to address the characteristics of longitudinal profiles of rivers in the basin of Paraná III (Western Paraná State, Brazil) and Alto Paraná (East Paraguay). The surveys were conducted in 19 sub-basins, being drafted in the longitudinal profiles of 11 major rivers in the Paraná III in 8 channels and rivers in the Alto Paraná basin. The rivers of both basins flow into the Itaipu lake (220 m above sea level). Longitudinal profiles were compiled from the altimetric information obtained on topographical maps (1:50,000 scale) for the Paraná III basin and SRTM (30 m) for the Alto Paraná basin, with the help of the Global Mapper software (13.0), the from the contours with contour interval of 20 meters. The longitudinal profiles describe the altimetric differences of channels (slope m/m), thus characterizing the longitudinal anomalies (knickzones). Detected a higher slope in the rivers belonging to the Paraná III (Brazil). In this basin, the greatest source of altimetry in the channel identified in the river Santa Quitéria, which lies at an altitude of 764 m. Other six channels of the Paraná III have quotas in excess of 550 m altitude spring. The other channels have lower source levels at 440 m, with the smallest headspring of river Passo-cue, to 305 m above sea level, located at the southern end of the Paraná III. The highest elevation in the source of the rivers of the Alto Paraná basin (Paraguay) basin is 440 m in Carapa River, with other channels featuring near this value dimensions, ranging up to a minimum quota of 280 m at the source of river Pira Pyta, also the south end of the basin. These data indicate altimetric difference between both basin, with higher elevation relief in the Paraná III in relation to the Alto Paraná basin. Due to its higher slope also has a higher number of reach with slope ruptures, 25 knickzones being identified. In the Alto Paraná basin was identified only 8 knickzones. The spatial distribution of abrupt breaks identified a higher frequency of knickzones in two geomorphic units in the Paraná III basin: San Francisco and Cascavel with 14 and 9 knickzones respectively. Theses geomorphic units show a strong to intermediate degree of dissection<br>O trabalho apresenta as características morfométricas dos canais de drenagem, elencando discussões referentes aos perfis longitudinais. O objetivo da pesquisa é abordar as características dos perfis longitudinais dos rios pertencentes à bacia do Paraná III (Brasil) e Alto Paraná (Paraguai). Os levantamentos realizaram-se em 19 sub-bacias, sendo elaborados perfis longitudinais nos canais principais de 11 rios na bacia do Paraná III e em 8 rios na bacia do Alto Paraná. Os rios de ambas as bacias deságuam no lago de Itaipu (220 m). Os perfis longitudinais foram elaborados a partir das informações altimétrica obtidas nas cartas topográficas (escala 1:50.000) para a bacia do Paraná III e SRTM (30 m) para a bacia do Alto Paraná, com auxilio do software Global Mapper (13.0), a partir das curvas de nível com equidistância de 20 metros de altitude. Os perfis longitudinais descrevem as diferenças altimétrica dos canais (declividade m/m), caracterizando assim as anomalias de drenagem denominadas como trechos com rupturas de declive ou knickzones. Detectou-se maior declividade nos rios pertencentes à bacia do Paraná III (Brasil). Nesta bacia, a maior cota altimétrica na nascente do canal identificou-se no rio Santa Quitéria, que se situa na cota 764 m. Outros 6 canais da bacia do Paraná III possuem cotas na nascente superior a 550 m de altitude. Os demais canais possuem cotas inferiores a 440 m na nascente, sendo a menor na nascente do rio Passo-Cuê, à 305 m de altitude, situada ao extremo Sul da bacia do Paraná III. Já a maior cota na nascente dos rios da bacia do Alto Paraná (Paraguai) é de 440 m no rio Carapá, com os demais canais apresentando cotas próximas a este valor, variando até a cota mínima de 280 m na nascente do rio Pira Pyta, também ao extremo Sul da bacia. Estes dados indicam diferença altimétrica entre as margens, com maior elevação do relevo na bacia do Paraná III em relação à bacia do Alto Paraná. Devido a sua maior declividade, apresenta também, maior número de trechos com rupturas de declive, sendo identificados 25 knickzones. Na bacia do Alto Paraná identificou-se apenas oito knickzones. Na espacialização dos trechos com rupturas identificou-se maior frequência de knickzones nas unidades morfoesculturais de São Francisco e Cascavel (bacia do Paraná III), com 14 e nove trechos com rupturas respectivamente. Estas unidades apresentam grau de dissecação forte e média
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Flores, Diego Moraes. "Resposta geomorfológica de rios em leitos rochosos sobre áreas de derrames ígneos da Formação Serra Geral membro superior." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8135/tde-08122017-183517/.
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Os estudos sobre rios em leitos fluviais rochosos têm servido de base para o entendimento da evolução das paisagens que se inserem. A análise mais detalhada das litologias que compõem estes leitos fluviais, se tornam desta forma, imprescindíveis para o entendimento da evolução das morfologias resultantes da interação, entre os processos fluviais e a resistência erosiva imposta pela rocha. A presente pesquisa visou obter a resposta geomorfológica de canais com leito predominantemente rochoso, sobre duas unidades litológicas da Formação Serra Geral nível superior. A primeira de origem vulcânica básica, é composta pelos Basaltos Hipoialinos e a segunda de composição ácida, é formada pelos Riodacitos. Partiu-se da análise da estruturação física de cada litologia pertencente a estas unidades e das fragilidades inerentes a cada uma, em relação aos processos fluviais mais atuantes sobre os leitos fluviais de três cursos principais e de seus principais afluentes. Utilizou-se do modelo de regressão denominado, relação declive-área (S = ks A-) para as análises das variações de declividade e de concavidade dos perfis dos rios a fim de compreender quais os principais controles que determinam a modificação dos ajustamentos morfológicos. Foi observado que as duas unidades litológicas apresentam alta erodibilidade frente a potência de escoamento. Primeiro porque o intemperismo generalizado prepara ambas as rochas para os principais processos fluviais identificados: abrasão/macro abrasão e arrancamento. Estes processos atuam mais intensamente sobre o fraturamento rochoso, que mesmo distinto entre as duas litologias (Hipoialinos = ~50 m/m2; Riodacitos = ~9 m/m2) permitem a erosão efetiva dos leitos fluviais. Segundo que, a interferência tectônica altera a dispersão dos dados da relação declive-área integral dos canais fluviais (R2), mascarando as tendências de ajustamento das declividades dos perfis longitudinais. Os valores de ajustamento da potência do escoamento, sobre a resistência erosiva das rochas, só pôde ser vislumbrados, a partir da análise dos índices de concavidade () e de declividade (ks), de acordo com os segmentos discretizados dos perfis longitudinais em domínios homogêneos, de cada litologia pertencente ao leito fluvial. A separação dos limiares superiores que representam os trechos de maior declividade, em relação aos limiares inferiores, que representam os trechos de menor declividade relativa, também foi necessária para a compreensão das tendências de ajuste morfológico pela potência do escoamento.<br>Studies about rivers in rocky riverbeds have served as a basis for understanding the evolution of the landscapes that are inserted. The more detailed analysis of the lithologies that composes these riverbeds are thus essential for the understanding of the evolution of the resulting morphologies from the interaction between the river processes and the erosive resistance imposed by the rocks of the riverbeds. The present research aimed at obtaining the geomorphological response of channels with rock layer, on two lithological units of the Serra Geral Formation, upper level. The first one of basic volcanic origin, is composed of basalts and the second of acid composition, is formed by rhyodacites. The starting point was the analysis of the physical structure of each lithology belonging to these units and of the inherent weaknesses in each one, in relation to the fluvial processes most active on the river layers of three main courses and their main tributaries. The regression model called the slope-area ratio (S = ks A-) was used for the analyzes of the slope and concavity variations of the river profiles in order to understand the main controls that determine the modification of the morphological adjustments. It was observed that the two lithological units present high erodibility against the flow power. First, because the general weathering prepares both rocks for the main fluvial processes identified: abrasion / macro abrasion and pulling out. These fluvial processes act more intensely on the rocky fracture, which, even distinguished between the two lithologies (basalts = 50 m / m2; rhyodacites = 9 m / m2), allows for the effective erosion of the riverbeds. Second, tectonic interference alters the data dispersion of the slope-area integral relation of the fluvial channels (R2), masking the adjustment tendencies of the slope longitudinal profiles. The values of the adjustment of the river profiles could only be glimpsed, according to the indices of concavity () and slope (ks), according to the discretized segments of the longitudinal profiles, in homogeneous domains, of each lithology belonging to the riverbed. The separation of the upper thresholds that represent the sections of greater slope, in relation to the lower thresholds, which represent the sections of smaller relative slope, was also necessary to understand the morphological adjustment tendencies of the profile slopes.
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Chun-Sheng, Lee, and 李準勝. "A Quantitative Analysis for Tectonic Geomorphology Indices of Longitudinal River Profile on the Orogeny of Central Taiwan." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/btcb4r.
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博士<br>國立中央大學<br>地球物理研究所<br>97<br>Due to the plate movement is considerably slow, human history record is too short to identify landscape change for such a long time scale. However, tectonic geomorphology indices can display the characteristics of tectonic movement in a long time. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the difference of tectonic movement and characteristics of tectonic evolution between east and west sides of the orogeny in Central Taiwan, by applying a quantitative analysis of geomorphic indices coupled with mathematical fitting function, gradient index and slope vs area relationship from stream power model.
Both logarithmic and exponential function of mathematical fitting function were used to illustrate the characteristics of river longitudinal profile and the relationship with tectonic movement. Furthermore, normalized gradient index (SL/k) from the river longitudinal profile of main and tributary was used to plot the 2-D profile for illustrating the characteristics of landscape. Additionally, the concavity (θ: represented to the characteristic of landscape) and steepness ( : represented to the degree of rock lift) from the slope vs area relationship of the stream power model were further applied to examine the characteristics of tectonic movement.
The results of this study are listed as following:
1. Different results for the mathematical fitting function were found, in which most of logarithmic function were found on the west side, and most of exponential function were found on the east side. Concavity (θ) also showed the asymmetric landscape of the orogeny in Central Taiwan.
2. Normalized gradient index (SL/k) can response the behavior of rock, knickpoint, continuous-gorge, the active of rock movement, as well as the relationship between geometry of the flow path and the active trend of rock movement.
3. Average log(ksn) and the coefficient of determination (R2) of exponential and logarithmic function were similar for both sides of Central Range. Therefore, this study implied that the orogeny of Central Taiwan is in a steady state.
4. According to the quantitative analysis of geomorphic indices coupled with and SL/k, the degrees of tectonic movement trend are Western Foothills Belt > Hsuehshan Range Belt > Eastern Backbone Ridges Belt > Western Backbone Ridges Belt. Furthermore, the average precipitation in the past 50~60 years and the flow versus the normalized steepness (ksn) index exhibit no remarkable relationship. This study suggested that the control factor of stream evolution is tectonic movement, not the resistance of rock stratum nor climate.
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Hložek, Martin. "Regionální morfologické rozdíly údolní sítě Jizerských hor." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-305370.
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This Master thesis focuses on a river network characteristics in the Jizerské hory Mts., northern Bohemia. This part of the Czech Republic represents an area, which was during Tertiary and Pleistocene affected by neotectonic movements. Therefore, 30 longitudinal profiles of selected rivers were constructed to determine areas influenced by tectonics most intensively. These profiles were classified into four categories according to shape of profile curve. Also valley cross sections were made on five selected rivers. Additionally, the Jizera and Jizerka rivers were studied to assess changes of their streams in the period of 19382012. On the north-western (the Jeřice river catchment) and northern (the Smědá river catchment) slopes of the Jizerské hory Mts., areas most affected by neotectonic movements were detected. Tectonically controlled valley cross sections are distinctive on the Smědá, Jizera and Kwisa rivers. On the Jizerka and Jizera rivers, lateral erosion rate ranges up to 0,5 m/year.
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Liao, Chien-Yen, and 廖智彥. "Quantitative Analysis of Tecto-geomorphic Index and Longitudinal River Profile:A Case Study of Choushui River, Central Taiwan." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86259868776755058159.
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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>應用地質研究所<br>95<br>River profile can reflect various geomorphic and landform characters of its drainage basin. This study is focused on the profile of the mainstream and 12 tributaries of the Choushui River. Four mathematical models(linear, exponential, logarithmic and power), Hack profile, S-L index(k’) and gradient index (SL/K) were examined for concavity studies of each profile. A quantitative landform analysis can thus be derived.
The results of this study illustrate that, after millions of years of tectonic evolution, the main factor to cause the landform of the drainage basin is tectonic uplifting, instead of what proposed by Davis’s graded river theory. This can be related to the location of Taiwan, which is right on the collision zone and orogenic belt of Eurasian Plate and Philippine Sea Plate.
According to its concavity index (mean θ=0.47), the Choushui River is close to a steady-state of erosion and uplifting at present. Furthermore, gradient index increases as each river meeting with Meishi Fault in district A( upper stream area). Although Meishi Fault is also outcropped with Eocene-Oligocene quartz sandstone and hard shale, the influence of lithology on gradient index is still under discussion. Therefore, in a large-scaled view of gradient index, tectonic fault exhibits a strong influence on river profile in the study area.
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Flašar, Jan. "Odezva vybraných řek Českého masivu na litologické a tektonické podmínky." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-305689.
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Three groups of streams were selected in the area of the Bohemian Massif: the Berounka river with its source streams; the Vltava river with its tributaries the Malše and the Lužnice; the Labe river with its tributaries the Cidlina, the Bystřice and the Javorka. The lithological and tectonical influences to several parameters of the streams were studied. These parameters include: stream gradient, orientation of the stream and sinuosity of the stream. Data were obtained from digital elevation models, aerial photographs, topographical and geological maps. The longitudinal profiles of the streams (in the combination with geological cross-sections), the SL indexes and the gradient/sinuosity graphs were created on the basis of the obtained data. These tools were used for evaluation of the influence of lithology and the tectonics to the streams. The evolution of the streams and the stream-groups was evaluated and compared as well. A strong influence of lithology on the stream gradient was found on most of the analysed streams. The tectonic situation, on the contrary, had strong influence on the orientation of the streams, especially in the resistant rocks. Also, there were selected areas, where was a higher probability of quaternary vertical movements influencing the streams (mountainous areas of the Novohradské...
Book chapters on the topic "Longitudinal river profile"
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Doffo, Nelso C., María Celeste Bonacci, and María Jimena Andreazzini. "Tectonic Influence on Channel Pattern and Longitudinal Profile Concavity in the Middle-Low Reach of the San Bartolome River, Province of Córdoba, Argentina." In Advances in Geomorphology and Quaternary Studies in Argentina. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66161-8_5.
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Castaldi, Gimena S., Susana B. Degiovanni, Diego Villalba, and Guillermo L. Sagripanti. "River Longitudinal Profile Analysis as Indicator of Neotectonic Activity. A Case Study: The El Carrizal Creek Basin, Comechingones Ranges, Eastern Pampean Ranges, San Luis, Argentina." In Advances in Geomorphology and Quaternary Studies in Argentina. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66161-8_4.
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Pazzaglia, Frank J., Thomas W. Gardner, and Dorothy J. Merritts. "Bedrock fluvial incision and longitudinal profile development over geologic time scales determined by fluvial terraces." In Rivers Over Rock: Fluvial Processes in Bedrock Channels. American Geophysical Union, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm107p0207.
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Sklar, Leonard, and William E. Dietrich. "River longitudinal profiles and bedrock incision models: Stream power and the influence of sediment supply." In Rivers Over Rock: Fluvial Processes in Bedrock Channels. American Geophysical Union, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm107p0237.
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"river (longitudinal) profile." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_182544.
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"Longitudinal River Profile." In Entropy Theory in Hydraulic Engineering. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412725.ch12.
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"The Longitudinal Profile of a River." In Hydrology. CRC Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b10426-27.
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"The Vertical Dimension of Rivers: Longitudinal Profiles, Profile Adjustments, and Step-Pool Morphology." In River Dynamics. Cambridge University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108164108.013.
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"Observing the evolutionary process of the Jinsha River water system from the longitudinal profile morphology." In Environment, Energy and Applied Technology. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b18135-120.
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"Landscape Influences on Stream Habitats and Biological Assemblages." In Landscape Influences on Stream Habitats and Biological Assemblages, edited by Christian E. Torgersen, Colden V. Baxter, Hiram W. Li, and Bruce A. McIntosh. American Fisheries Society, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569766.ch23.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—Longitudinal analysis of the distribution and abundance of river fishes provides a context-specific characterization of species responses to riverscape heterogeneity. We examined spatially continuous longitudinal profiles (35–70 km) of fish distribution and aquatic habitat (channel gradient, depth, temperature, and water velocity) for three northeastern Oregon rivers. We evaluated spatial patterns of river fishes and habitat using multivariate analysis to compare gradients in fish assemblage structure among rivers and at multiple spatial scales. Spatial structuring of fish assemblages exhibited a generalized pattern of cold- and coolwater fish assemblage zones but was variable within thermal zones, particularly in the warmest river. Landscape context (geographic setting and thermal condition) influenced the observed relationship between species distribution and channel gradient. To evaluate the effect of spatial extent and geographical context on observed assemblage patterns and fish–habitat relationships, we performed multiple ordinations on subsets of our data from varying lengths of each river and compared gradients in assemblage structure within and among rivers. The relative associations of water temperature increased and channel morphology decreased as the spatial scale of analysis increased. The crossover point where both variables explained equal amounts of variation was useful for identifying transitions between cool- and coldwater fish assemblages. Spatially continuous analysis of river fishes and their habitats revealed unexpected ecological patterns and provided a unique perspective on fish distribution that emphasized the importance of habitat heterogeneity and spatial variability in fish–habitat relationships.
Conference papers on the topic "Longitudinal river profile"
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Hornová, Hana, and Ivana Černá. "MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF GROUNDWATER LEVELS AT LADNÁ HYDROPEDOLOGICAL PROFILE." In XXVII Conference of the Danubian Countries on Hydrological Forecasting and Hydrological Bases of Water Management. Nika-Tsentr, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/uhmi.conference.01.02.
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The planned construction of Oder-Danube canal was one of the largest activities, which led to the realization of research projects, which also included construction of boreholes for monitoring groundwater levels. Hydropedological profiles (HP) consist of boreholes, which are situated usually across the route of the canal and across longitudinal axis of valleys or flat Moravian hollows. They belong to basins of Oder, Bečva, Dyje (Thaya) and Morava rivers. First observations started back in 1933, subsequent followed after 1940. Nowadays these objects serve for obtaining general idea about the groundwater regime in valley profiles of these rivers. From geological perspective, these HP profiles are in an area of Quaternary sediments. Groundwater level monitoring at HP is important especially because of relating the profile to a particular watercourse and duration of the continuous monitoring. It can be used for determination of hydraulic link between surface water and groundwater. These values can be very useful especially in the determination of spread of potential groundwater pollutants via surface waters. Aim of the work is to assess course of groundwater levels at the Ladná profile of interest and to evaluate the effect of river engineering of the Dyje River on the groundwater regime, taking into account the drought period. Next aim of the work was to show the relationship with surface waters and evaluate the relationship between individual boreholes and the watercourse in the entire profile. In addition, long-term data series of groundwater level monitoring were used to perform evaluation of course of groundwater levels during various time periods, in particular during the individual reference periods, as specified by the CHMI, i.e. 1931-1960, 1931-1980 and the current reference period 1981-2010. Subsequently, the period 1991-2018 was also analyzed as a period associated with the current situation and finally also the entire period of monitoring, i.e. 1948-2018, a total of 70 years.
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Mičaník, Tomáš, Silvie Semerádová, and František Sýkora. "Changes in partial parameters of surface water quality in the context of climate changes." In První konference PERUN. Český hydrometeorologický ústav, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59984/978-80-7653-063-8.35.
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Climate change is causing a higher frequency of hydrological extremes that affect surface water quality. On changes in water quality due to hydrological drought we are focused in this article. Flows below Q355, which define hydrological drought, were found to be more frequent in most streams in the last two decades than in previous decades. Statistical analysis of changes in water quality is carried out in selected profiles of the river network, in which surface water quality is monitored, and where near the gauging profile is situated. The first preliminary results show that the hydrological conditions impact significantly on abundance of many pollutants, the methods need further improvements and verification. At the same time, in 2023, we selected the localities in which field research is managed to find out attenuation of nutrients and organic pollution in longitudinal profile of the river in a grid of approximately 1 to 2 km downsteam. The first results show that Rakovnický stream under Rakovník, rivers Metuje under Náchodem and Bílovka pod Bílovec are suitable for this research. Interim results from sampling during the hydrological drought in summer confirmed a significant decrease in total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and organic pollution. Conversely, the loss of phosphorus after first mixing waste and surface water was downstream minimal.
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Bejko, Ethem, Albana Hasimi, Gezim Gjata, Rrapo Ormeni, and Dhurata Ndreko. "THE IMPACT OF RIVER SEDIMENTATION ON THE VARIABILITY OF THE SEA FLOOR TOPOGRAPHY IS ONE OF THE FACTORS WITH A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON THE DYNAMICS OF THE COASTLINE." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/2.1/s09.32.
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In this study, we aim to demonstrate the change in the topography of the sea floor as a result of the sedimentation of rivers. The study area is the Divjaka Bay, bounded to the north by the delta of the Shkumbin River and to the south by the delta of the Seman River, on the Adriatic coast of Albania. The method used is the Integrated Satellite Bathymetric Surveying method. The monitoring period extends from 2017 to 2020, based on 4 monitoring campaigns. The longitudinal bathymetric profile extends northsouth, in proximity to the delta of the Shkumbin River in the north and the delta of the Seman River in the south, with a length of about 30km and a distance of about 70m from the coastline. The area is covered with 7 perpendicular bathymetric profiles (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, and P7), with an average distance of about 3000m between each other. The lengths of the profiles vary from 500m for the shortest profile to 3300m for the longest one. The information acquisition frequency is 1 point per 20m. The analysis of the obtained data is done by dividing the area into 3 sub-areas (northern, central, and southern). It is found that the speed of sea floor change is -104mm/year (erosion process) for the southern sub-area, +41.2mm/year (accumulation process) for the central sub-area, and -62mm/year (erosion process) for the northern sub-area. The overall vector of sea floor topography change in the study area results in a value of - 419mm/year. This conclusion confirms what can be visually observed in the area, where the two side zones are in the erosion process, while the central zone is in the accumulation process, which affects the dynamics of the coastline.
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Barliba, Luminita Livia, C. Barliba, Adina Horablaga, I. Samfira, and G. Popescu. "TOPOGRAPHICAL TECHNIQUES APPLIED IN THE CRISUL ALB BASIN AS THE BASIS OF COMPLEX HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES." In 22nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/3.2/s12.26.
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The Cri?ul-Alb River springs from the Apuseni mountains, and its course crosses many rural and urban towns. In the Cri?ul Alb hollow, there are several tributaries that have a significant contribution to the volume and water flow of the Cri?ul Alb River. Due to the abundant precipitation combined with the melting of the snow during the spring period, high levels of water flow are created, endangering human settlements and other goods isolated by their flooding. The aim of the paper was to present a topographic study that would be the basis for the subsequent preparation of a complex hydrological study. This is the basis of a project to repair the breach as a result of the rupture of the body of the dam, following the high levels of flowing water. By optimizing the flow at high flows, the color of the flow is created through measures to reduce the roughness, to highlight the active erosions from the banks, in the minor bed or in the major bed of the Cri?ul Alb River. The paper also presents the method of carrying out some topographical measurements in the bed of the Cri?ul Alb River, in the area located north of the town of ?ipari, between the CSA terminals with numbers 5 and 43, and the processing of the respective measurements in order to draw up transversal profiles through the bed and a longitudinal profile on the respective portion.
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Azarnejad, Azita, Nathan Murdoch, Katherine Hikita, and Jadwiga Kroman. "The City of Calgary 12 Street Bridge Replacement and Monitoring." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2107.
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<p>This project included the construction of a new three-span, 170 m-long steel box girder bridge to replace the existing St. George’s Island Bridge over the Bow River. The new bridge is composed of variable depth (arched), rectangular, steel box girders. Flood resiliency and sustainability were major considerations in the design of the bridge. The girders have a curved profile that allows for the majority of the superstructure to sit at least 1 m above the 1:100 year flood level. To minimize the work required over the river, full-depth, full-width, precast concrete deck panels were used. The panel-to-panel and panel-to-girder connections were made with Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC). Continuity of bridges with full-depth precast panels is usually provided by longitudinal post-tensioning. This was not preferred due to concerns about future deck rehabilitations. Therefore, the design relies on reinforcement splices for continuity. UHPC made it possible to transfer longitudinal forces in relatively short splice lengths. To verify the efficiency of these connections, some of the panels and connecting joints were instrumented with wireless strain gauges to monitor force transfer between adjacent panels. The paper includes a description of the bridge structure (girders and the precast deck panels) and the initial results of the strain monitoring.</p>
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Motarjemi, Afshin. "Assessment of a Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI) Using DNV RP-F101 Procedure." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-78016.
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Corrosion under insulation is a typical type of localised corrosion in oil and gas industry especially when water penetrates into a damaged thermal insulation/coating. An area of corrosion under insulation (CUI) was observed on the external surface of a pipe on topside of an offshore platform after removing the insulation. Surveys of depth measurements of the corroded area in both longitudinal and circumferential directions (with respect to the pipe axial direction) using a depth micrometer tool were performed and then converted to a river-bottom profile following the procedure of DNV RP-F101 Part A. A best estimate of the failure pressure safe working pressure (maximum operating pressure) of the pipe were calculated. The former was then compared against the finite element analysis (FEA) results which showed good agreement when axial stresses were excluded. The effect of assumptions such as confidence level and inspection sizing accuracy are also discussed.
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Wei, Wei, Qi Ran, Kang Chen, et al. "Multi-Wave Joint Characterization Technique of Channel Sand Body in Shaximiao Formation, Northwestern Sichuan Basin." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/216626-ms.
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Abstract The channel sand bodies in the first member of Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation (Sha 1 Member) in the northwest Sichuan basin ZT area shows a vertically multi-period superimposed and horizontally contemporaneous crisscrossed. Meanwhile, it is highly non-homogeneous, with significant differences in sand thickness, porosity and gas content at different locations in the channel, resulting in complex and variable seismic reflection characteristics, which makes it difficult to accurately characterize the channel sand body distribution through a single amplitude 'bright spot' in the conventional longitudinal wave (PP-wave) post-stack seismic profile. In this study, the newly collected three-dimensional three-component transverse wave (PS-wave) seismic data in this area are used, combined with pre-stack and post-stack PP-wave seismic data, and based on the forward modeling, the multi-wave seismic response characteristics of the channel sand body are analyzed and summarized with the variation of sand body thickness and porosity, and a multi-wave joint channel sand body characterization technique is proposed for Sha1 Member of Saximiao Formation. The results of the study show that: 1. PP-wave seismic response of the top interface of the sand body gradually shifts from a strong wave peak to a strong wave through with increasing porosity, whereas the sand body response of the PS-wave does not reverse with porosity changes. The stability of the top interface of the sand body corresponding to the peak reflection of PS-wave, hence the lithological inscription based on the PS-wave amplitude attribute can effectively identify different types of river sand bodies. 2. Compared with the pre-stack P-G attribute, which reflects the PS-wave impedance changing rates, the PS-wave reflection amplitude shows better energy focus, and the boundary of channel sand body is also clearer based on PS-wave amplitude ‘bright spot’ compared with P-G attribute. While the P-G attribute based on the pre-stack seismic data has higher longitudinal resolution, thus it is more beneficial to distinguish the superimposed sand body and determine the phase of the sand body. In summary, the multi-wave joint sand body characterization technique makes full use of the advantages of multiple seismic data in sand body characterization, with the high-resolution P-G attribute helping to determine the longitudinal phase of the sand body, and the PS-wave used to map the transverse boundary of the sand body. The composite results can be used to provide a fine-scale characterization of the sand body in the main channel of Sha 1 Member. The application is highly effective and provides favorable support for well deployment and reserve upgrading in the Zitong area.
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Channer, Michael, Jason Ricketts, Matthew Zimmerer, Matthew Heizler, and Karl Karlstrom. "Using the Longitudinal River Profile of the Rio San Jose and <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar Dating of Late-Cenozoic Basalts to Test Models for Mantle-Driven Uplift Across the Jemez Lineament, New Mexico." In 2014 New Mexico Geological Society Annual Spring Meeting. New Mexico Geological Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.56577/sm-2014.271.
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Leonard, Joel S., and Kelin X. Whipple. "THE INFLUENCE OF CHANGES IN PRECIPITATION PATTERNS ON RIVER LONGITUDINAL PROFILES – A COMPARISON OF MODELS AND TOPOGRAPHIC ANALYSES IN SOUTHERN PERU." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-336448.
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Baxter, Lindsay R., and Stephen P. Harris. "Statistical Sampling for In-Service Inspection of Liquid Waste Tanks at the Savannah River Site." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57011.
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Savannah River Remediation, LLC (SRR) is implementing a statistical sampling strategy for in-service inspection (ISI) of liquid waste (LW) tanks at the United States Department of Energy’s Savannah River Site (SRS) in Aiken, South Carolina. As a component of SRS’s corrosion control program (CCP), the ISI program assesses tank wall structural integrity through the use of ultrasonic testing (UT). The statistical strategy for ISI is based on the random sampling of a number of vertically oriented unit areas, called “strips,” within each tank. The number of strips to inspect was determined so as to attain, over time, a high probability of observing at least one of the worst 5% in terms of pitting and corrosion across all tanks. The probability estimation to determine the number of strips to inspect was performed using the hypergeometric distribution. Statistical tolerance limits for pit depth and corrosion rates were calculated by fitting the lognormal distribution to the data. In addition to the strip sampling strategy, a single strip within each tank was identified to serve as the baseline for a longitudinal assessment of the tank safe operational life. The statistical sampling strategy enables the ISI program to develop individual profiles of LW tank wall structural integrity that collectively provide a high confidence in their safety and integrity over operational lifetimes.
Reports on the topic "Longitudinal river profile"
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McParland, D., R. McKillop, and A. Blais-Stevens. Adjustments in channel planform and longitudinal profile at proposed pipeline crossings of Smoky River, Deep Valley Creek, and Little Smoky River, northwestern Alberta. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/308339.
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Ramos-Santiago, Efrain, Yamiretsy Pagan-Albelo, Jeremy Sharp, Curtis Blades, and Kevin Pigg. Evaluation of a permeable dam as an erosion control structure on Coca River, Ecuador. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47169.
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The effort performed here describes the process to evaluate the scour-protection performance of the proposed permeable dam. The US Engineer Research and Development Center, Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory, built a 1:50 Froude scaled movable bed section model of the permeable dam structure and tested in a specialized flume that simulates regressive erosion propagation. Profiles were collected at various times to track the progression of the scour. Tests evaluated variations of the proposed structure, which included tetrapods, riprap, bridge piers, and longitudinal piles. For the various proposed alternatives, a total of six tests were conducted. The collected profiles show the ability or inability of each alternative and its associated performance. From this analysis, untethered tetrapods could not effectively arrest the local scour around the structure. However, large rock along with invert control stopped the regressive erosion and held the upstream grade.