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Tillich, Daniel. "Generalized Modeling and Estimation of Rating Classes and Default Probabilities Considering Dependencies in Cross and Longitudinal Section." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-222601.
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Our sample (Xit; Yit) consists of pairs of variables. The real variable Xit measures the creditworthiness of individual i in period t. The Bernoulli variable Yit is the default indicator of individual i in period t. The objective is to estimate a credit rating system, i.e. to particularly divide the range of the creditworthiness into several rating classes, each with a homogeneous default risk. The field of change point analysis provides a way to estimate the breakpoints between the rating classes. As yet, the literature only considers models without dependencies or with dependence only in cross section. This contribution proposes multi-period models including dependencies in cross section as well as in longitudinal section. Furthermore, estimators for the model parameters are suggested. The estimators are applied to a data set of a German credit bureau.
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Hoffman, Alan Michael. "Longitudinal double-spin asymmetry and cross section for inclusive neutral pion production in polarized proton collisions at [the square root of sigma] = 200 GeV." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/53214.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2009.In title on title page, "the square root of sigma" appears as the mathematical symbol, and "sigma" appears as the lower-case Greek letter. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-126).
Twenty years of polarized lepton-nucleon scattering experiments have found that the contribution from quark spins (1/2[delta] [sigma]) to the spin of the proton is only ~ 35%. This has lead researchers to look elsewhere, specifically to gluon spin ([delta sigma]) for a large contribution to proton spin. [delta sigma] has been only loosely constrained in polarized DIS and SIDIS experiments. Polarized proton-proton collisions at RHIC provide sensitivity to [delta sigma] through measurements of the longitudinal double-spin asymmetry, ALL. This work presents a measurement of ALL for inclusive 7ro production in polarized proton-proton collisions using the STAR detector and data from RHIC Run 6. 7r0s are abundantly produced at mid-rapidity in proton-proton collisions, making them natural candidates for studies of [delta] [sigma]. Novel techniques for reconstructing 7ros at STAR are discussed, and a measurement of the unpolarized cross section presented. Finally, the measured ALL is compared to perturbative QCD predictions and from this comparison constraints are placed on [delta] [sigma].
by Alan Michael Hoffman.
Ph.D.
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Faleiros, Junior José Herbet. "Procedimentos de cálculo, verificação e detalhamento de armaduras longitudinais na seção transversal em elementos protendidos." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4654.
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Previous issue date: 2010-08-24The following paper presents methods of calculation, verification and detailing of prestressed longitudinal reinforcement in cross sections of elements subjected to bending conceptualizing prestressing systems and its constituent elements, as well as the development of practical examples, calculated and detailed in a didactic manner, seeking an easy understanding and learning. The present study chooses to calculate the longitudinal reinforcement at the ultimate limit state and check it out at the serviceability limit state, always following the current standards. To organize the concepts and cohesion of the information, it is necessary to discuss theoretical and conceptual foundation by assembling several authors who derive about the subject matter. In order to ensure the adoption of normative recommendations (NBR6118:2007 e NBR9062:2005), issues such as durability, cover, classes of environmental aggressiveness, combinations of calculating and limiting values of prestress are discussed. As an example, it is presented a calculation discussion from a structure tailored to different classes of environmental aggressiveness, maintaining its main features, such as: the vain, the cross section and loads. With this work we realize that the calculations are needed, since there is not a situation which determines the scaling of the longitudinal reinforcement. Lastly, we present suggestions for future papers. In order to maintain the geometric features needed to the placement of the active armor on the top edge and on the replacement of the active armor by the passive one at any percentage can only be accomplished in partial prestress. The concurrent examinations may prevent the use of certain sections, for example, when examinations on empty are exclusive, or when the moment value relative to the weight itself is small in relation to the total moment.
O presente trabalho apresenta métodos de cálculo, verificação e detalhamento de armaduras longitudinais protendidas nas seções transversais de elementos submetidos à flexão conceituando os sistemas de protensão e seus elementos constituintes, bem como, o desenvolvimento de exemplos práticos, calculados e detalhados de maneira didática, visando um fácil entendimento e aprendizado. Neste trabalho opta-se por calcular a armadura longitudinal no estado limite último e verificá-la no estado limite de serviço, seguindo sempre as normas vigentes. Para a organização dos conceitos e coesão das informações, faz-se necessária a discussão teórica e o embasamento dos conceitos através da reunião de diversos autores que discorrem sobre o assunto abordado. Pretendendo garantir a adoção das recomendações normativas (NBR6118:2007 e NBR9062:2005), são discutidas questões como durabilidade, cobrimentos, classes de agressividade ambiental, combinações de cálculo e valores limites de protensão. Na forma de exemplo, é apresentada uma discussão de cálculo a partir de uma estrutura dimensionada para variadas classes de agressividade ambiental, mantendo suas características principais, como: o vão, a seção transversal e os carregamentos. Com o trabalho percebe-se que são necessários os cálculos, pois não há uma situação determinante para o dimensionamento da armadura longitudinal. Para que se mantenham as características geométricas é necessária a colocação de armadura ativa na borda superior e na substituição da armadura ativa pela passiva em qualquer porcentagem só pode ser realizada na protensão parcial. As verificações simultâneas podem inviabilizar o uso de certas seções, por exemplo, quando as verificações em vazio são excludentes, ou quando, o valor do momento relativo ao peso próprio é pequeno em relação ao momento total. Por fim são apresentadas sugestões para trabalhos futuros.
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Makovskaja, Tatjana. "Požeminių 3D duomenų modelio komunikacijų vizualizacija." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080625_100917-06173.
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Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjama požeminių komunikacijų vizualizacija trimačiame modelyje. Šiame magistriniame darbe išnagrinėta 3D duomenų svarba ir pranašumas prieš 2D vizualizavimą. Buvo atliktas požeminių komunikacijų projektavimo tyrimas trima��io vaizdavimo programine įranga, ištirtas šių technologijų naudojimas užsienyje bei naudojimo perspektyvos Lietuvoje. Darbą sudaro 10 dalių: įvadas, informacijos vizualizavimo aplinkos, 3D duomenų modelio esmė, 3D programinės įrangos galimybės inžinerijoje,3D vizualizavimo programinė įranga,3D modeliavimo koordinačių sistemos, trimačio geoinformacinių sistemų modelio sudarymas, požeminių komunikacijų trimačio geoinformacinių sistemų modelio sudarymo metodika, požeminių komunikacijų duomenų surinkimo reikalavimai, požeminių komunikacijų 3D skaitmeninio modelio kūrimas, požeminių komunikacijų trimačio modelio naudojimas Lietuvoje ir pasaulyje,išvados, literatūros sąrašas.In the magistrate thesis are researching visualization of Underground communications at 3D data model. In the thesis analyse 3D model data significance and advantage against 2D model data. Also researching program equipment projection of Underground communications 3D data model, technology usage in foreign countries and opportunities for use in Lithuania. Structure: introduction, information visualization surrounding, 3D data model essence, 3D data program equipment opportunity in the engineering, 3D data model equipment, 3D data model coordinate systems, 3D data model formation, formation model of underground communication at 3D data model, data assemblage standards of underground communications, underground communication 3D data model creation, 3D data model usage in the world and Lithuania, conclusions, references.
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Tretera, Michal. "Parní turbína pro průmyslovou teplárnu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443163.
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This diploma thesis deals with the thermodynamic design of a backpressure steam turbine. The mass flow of steam through the turbine is determined based on the required heat output, which is transferred in a heat exchanger at the turbine outlet. The governing stage of the turbine is in form of an impulse stage, with optimization of degree of reaction included. During the optimization, a suitable rotor blade was chosen as well as its size. The governing stage is followed by fifteen stages of reaction blading with the stage loading coefficient in the range of 2,75 to 2,80. The governing stage and the reaction blading both meet the mechanical strength requirements. Balancing piston, sealing system and bearings are also designed. Finally, a turbine characteristic is created as well as a longitudinal section. The designed turbine has a speed of 10 000 rpm. While supplying the required heat output, it has a terminal power output of 5 863,4 kW and a thermodynamic efficiency of 84,69 %.
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Costa, Hugo Câmara. "Cognitive, behavioral and familial associations of reading acquisition and academic achievement : a population-based longitudinal study from kindergarten to middle school." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H115.
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Les études longitudinales en milieu scolaire débutant en maternelle permettent une analyse des facteurs propres à l'enfant et à son environnement impliqués dans le développement de la lecture et de la réussite scolaire. Cependant, les études visant à analyser l'influence longitudinale de ces facteurs dès l'école maternelle restent exceptionnelles en France. Une étude épidémiologique initiée en 2001 dans la Communauté Urbaine de Creusot Montceau (Saône-et-Loire, France) avait comme objectif l'examen des contributions des facteurs propres à l'enfant et des variables environnementales dans l'acquisition de la lecture et la réussite scolaire dès la maternelle (3-6 ans) jusqu'au milieu de l'école élémentaire (CE2, 8-9 ans). Le travail de thèse présenté a permis le prolongement de la période de recueil de donnés jusqu'à la fin du collège (3ème, 14-15 ans) représentant une période de suivi de 10 ans dans la population générale. L'objectif principal de ce travail est d'identifier les facteurs propres à l'enfant (cognitifs, académiques et comportementaux) et des variables environnementales (facteurs sociodémographiques et caractéristiques familiales) dans le développement de la lecture à la fin de l'école primaire (CM2) et la réussite scolaire à la fin du collège (3ème). Les échantillons comprenaient 829 enfant inscrits en Grande Section de Maternelle pendant l'année scolaire 2001-2001 (Cohorte 1, 90% de l'échantillon initial) suivis jusqu'à la fin du collège (année scolaire 2010-2011) et 812 enfants de Grande Section de Maternelle durant l'année 2003-2004 (Cohorte 3) suivis jusqu'à la fin de l'école élémentaire (Cours Moyen 2, année scolaire 2008-2009). En Grande Section de Maternelle, le recueil de données a compris l'évaluation des compétences cognitives, académiques et comportementales des enfants, ainsi que le recueil des informations concernant le contexte familial. Les mesures de réussite scolaire ont compris les résultats des enfants dans les évaluations nationales réalisées à la fin du collège pour la Cohorte 1, (Diplôme National du Brevet) et les performances des enfants dans une mesure standardisée de lecture de mots à la fin de l'école élémentaire pour la Cohorte 3 (ODEDYS, Jacquier-Roux, Valdois & Zorman, 2002). Les compétences de traitement phonologique, la connaissance de lettres et le comportement attentif étaient les prédicteurs le plus significatifs de la lecture de mots au Cours Moyen 2. Le signalement par les parents d'antécédents familiaux de difficultés de lecture était associé simultanément avec des difficultés de lecture et le comportement inattentif à la fin de l'école élémentaire. En 3ème année du collège, les compétences de langage oral, la connaissance de lettres, la mémoire verbal à court terme, le raisonnement perceptif (facteur non-verbal) et le comportement attentif des enfants en maternelle, ainsi que le niveau d'éducation des parents et le type de famille, ont prédit significativement la mesure de réussite scolaire générale à la fin du collège. En outre, les résultats ont montré l'influence de plusieurs caractéristiques familiales dont la nationalité du père, le mode de garde avant la scolarisation, les rituels d'endormissement et les antécédents familiaux de difficultés de lecture. Ces caractéristiques renvoient à des facteurs qui mettent un enfant en risque d'échec scolaire à la fin du collège. Ce travail contribue à la littérature scientifique existante concernant les facteurs propres à l'enfant et à son environnent familial liés à l'acquisition de la lecture et à la réussite scolaire. Les résultats permettent l'identification des facteurs familiaux mettant un enfant à risque d'échec scolaire. Il ont des importantes implications pour repérer le plus précocement possible les enfants à risque de développer des difficultés de lecture et d'échec scolaire et pour mettre en place des programmes d'intervention adéquats à ses difficultés dès le début des trajectoires académiques de l'enfantLongitudinal studies starting during kindergarten provide an appropriate method to investigate the child- and environmental-level factors that account for children's reading and academic achievement later in their educational trajectories. In France, studies designed to follow-up children longitudinally from kindergarten onwards remain scarce. An epidemiological study started in 2001 in the Urban Community of Creusot Montceau (Saône-et-Loire, France) sought initially to identify the factors associated with children's reading acquisition and academic achievement from preschool (3-6 years) to the middle of elementary school (Grade 3, 8-9 years). The PhD project reported here aimed to extend the original design of data collection to the end of middle school (Grade 9, 14-15 years) spanning a 10-year follow-up period in the general population. This work aimed to investigate the specific contributions of child-level factors (cognitive-academic skills, behavior problems) and environment-level factors (sociodemographic and family characteristics) for children's subsequent reading acquisition at the end of elementary school (Grade 5), as well as academic achievement at the end of middle school (Grade 9). The samples of analysis comprised 829 kindergarteners in the 2001-2002 school year (Cohort 1, 90% of the initial sample) followed through the end of middle school (Cohort 1, 2010-2011 school year) and 812 kindergarteners in the 2003-2004 school year (Cohort 3), from which a sub-sample of 154 participants was followed through the end of elementary school (2008-2009 school year). At kindergarten, assessment included measures of children's cognitive-academic and behavioral skills, as well as family background characteristics. Outcome measures were composed of children's results in the national evaluations performed at the end of middle school for Cohort 1 ("Diplôme National du Brevet") and of children's scores in standardized measures of word reading achievement at the end of elementary school for Cohort 3 (ODEDYS, Jacquier-Roux, Valdois & Zorman, 2002). The results indicated that children's phonological processing skills, letter knowledge and attentive behavior were the most robust predictors of word reading achievement at Grade 5. In addition, parental reports of familial antecedents of reading difficulties also contributed to predict word reading at Grade 5 and were specifically associated with both reading difficulties and inattention behavior at this grade level. At Grade 9, children's oral language skills, letter knowledge, short-term verbal memory, perceptual reasoning (non-verbal cognitive ability) and attentive behavior at kindergarten predicted significantly the outcome measure of general academic achievement at Grade 9, together with parental educational level and family structure. Moreover, results indicated the influence of several family characteristics referring to father's nationality, type of early childcare, language-based bedtime routines and familial antecedents of reading difficulties as risk factors for children's subsequent academic underachievement. The present work contributes to the extant literature regarding the child- and family-level factors associated with subsequent reading acquisition and academic achievement from kindergarten to elementary and middle school. Importantly, these results allowed the identification of novel familial risk factors that influence negatively children's subsequent academic trajectories. These findings have important implications regarding the child and family factors that should be targeted during kindergarten in order to prevent children's subsequent reading and academic difficulties and to promote adequate intervention strategies early in children's educational trajectories
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PAGANI, ARIELA FRANCESCA. "NELLA BUONA SORTE: IL PROCESSO DI CAPITALIZZAZIONE NELLA RELAZIONE DI COPPIA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/2871.
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Il presente progetto di ricerca si è focalizzato sul processo di capitalizzazione, ovvero la condivisione di eventi positivi con il/la partner, da cui ci si aspetta una risposta attiva al fine di prolungare ed aumentare i benefici derivanti dall’evento stesso. L’articolazione in tre studi, di carattere quantitativo, ha permesso di approfondire la conoscenza dell’oggetto di ricerca utilizzando diverse metodologie. Il primo studio ha indagato, attraverso un disegno cross-sectional, la struttura della Perceived Responses to Capitalization Attempts scale (PRCA) e, attraverso un disegno longitudinale, i benefici intrapersonali ed interpersonali che derivano dagli stili di risposta di capitalizzazione nel tempo. Il secondo e il terzo studio, attraverso il diary method, hanno approfondito il processo di capitalizzazione attraverso l’introduzione di due aspetti innovativi nel processo: la differenziazione tra eventi positivi interni ed esterni alla relazione e la distinzione tra modalità di comunicazione più o meno esplicita dell’evento positivo. Nello specifico, il secondo studio si è focalizzato sui primi due elementi del processo di capitalizzazione (gli eventi positivi e i tentativi di capitalizzazione), mentre il terzo studio ha riguardato gli ultimi due elementi del processo (le risposte ai tentativi di capitalizzazione e la percezione di responsività da parte del/della partner).The present research project focused on capitalization, that is the process through which people share good news with the partner, who in turn responds in an “active” way to maximize the benefits of the event. Three different studies approached this research object through different methodologies. The aims of the first study were to investigate, through a cross-sectional design, the structure of the Perceived Responses to Capitalization Attempts (PRCA) scale and to examine, through a longitudinal design, the intrapersonal and interpersonal benefits arising from the capitalization responses over time. The second and the third study, through diary methods, attempted to investigate two unexplored aspects of the capitalization process: the differentiation of the type of positive events (internal vs. external to the couple) and the distinction of the type of communication of the event (implicit vs. explicit). Specifically, the second study focused on the first two elements of the capitalization process (positive events and attempts to capitalization), while the third study concerned the last two elements of the process (responses to capitalization attempts and responsiveness).
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Leeuw, Johannes Philippus de. "Breech presentation vaginal or abdominal delivery? a prospective longitudinal study /." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Rijksuniversiteit Limburg] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1989. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5451.
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Söderfjell, Stefan. "Musculoskeletal pain, memory, and aging : Cross-sectional and longitudinal findings." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Psykologi, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-588.
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The general aim of the thesis was to investigate potential differences in memory performance between participants across the adult life span with and without self-reported musculoskeletal pain. Chronic musculoskeletal pain is a major health related problem in our society. A common complaint related to chronic pain is about cognitive difficulties in attention, memory, and decision making. A number of studies have demonstrated that people with pain also perform wors on tasks measuring, for example episodic memory, semantic memory, and working memory. The present thesis aimed at replying these findings, by using a non-clinical population based sample. the potential differences in memory performance between people with and without pain were examined across the adult life span, in order to disentangle potential pain by age interactions. This was made by using both cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Study I aimed at studying differences in episodic memory performance, semantic memory performance, and implicit memory performance, between people with and without musculoskeletal pain. Differences were found for all three memory systems, but disappeared after controlling for years of formal education. In Study II an extension of the first study was made, in which performance on a range of cognitive tests were analysed. General differences were demonstrated , but yet again, years of education together with depression ruled out the effects. The most robust effects were found for word comprehension and construction ability. Finally, Study III used 5- and 10 year follow up studies to examine change over time in cognitive performance as a function of pain. The main finding from this study was that semantic memory for the oldest is impaired over time as a function of pain. An additional analysis showed similar patterns, regardless of age, for construction ability.
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Price, Sally E. "Older female caregivers : cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis women's health /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19332.pdf.
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Tackett, Bailey Price. "Psychosocial Predictors of Eating Disorder Classification: Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Analyses." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248447/.
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There is growing concern for eating pathology and body dissatisfaction in sports; particularly, in sports that emphasize a lean body type. In 325 female collegiate swimmers/divers and gymnasts, we examined psychosocial well-being (i.e., perception of weight pressures, levels of internalization, body satisfaction, dietary intent, negative affect) at the beginning and end of an athletic season and predict their eating disorder classification at the end of their athletic season. Logistic regressions revealed that a model containing all 14 predictors at the beginning and end of an athletic season significantly predicted eating disorder classification at the end of an athletic season. Specifically, in the longitudinal logistic regression, with every one unit of increase on a measure of the pressure felt within the sport environment regarding their weight and every unit increase on a measure of their intentions to diet, respectively, the female athletes were 49% and 89% more likely to be classified in the subclinical/clinical group at the end of their sport season. Surprisingly, with every one unit of increase on a measure of sociocultural pressure to exercise, female athletes were 43% less likely to be classified in the subclinical/clinical group six months later. The cross-sectional logistic regression found that only dietary restraint was significant. Specifically, with every one unit of increase on a measure of their intentions to diet the female athletes were 3.6 times more likely to be classified in the subclinical/clinical group at the end of their sport season. The implications of this study may emphasize the importance of body healthy sport systems to reduce sport specific pressures and dieting among female collegiate athletes. Limitations of this study include self-report measures and longitudinal timeframe was only across one athletic season.
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Leung, Suet-fan Lydia, and 梁雪芬. "Lifestyle practices and perceived health in Hong Kong Chinese: a cross-sectional and a longitudinal studyfrom 1999 to 2001." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39724190.
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Gashi, Arben, and Florent Sinani. "Adolescents, Sleep Deprivation and Externalizing Behaviour - Is There a Connection?" Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-65584.
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Rönnlund, Michael. "Aspects of Declarative Memory Functioning in Adulthood : Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Psychology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-146.
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The general objective of the thesis was to examine aspects of declarative memory functioning across the adult life span. The four papers were based on data collected as part of the Betula Prospective Cohort Study (Nilsson et al., 1997) and included largescale population-based samples of participants in the age range 35 to 90. In study I and study II the possibility that age differences in episodic memory may be compensated for by provision of encoding support in the form of enactment was investigated, using free and cued recall and recognition portioned into components of recollective experience as the dependent measures. In Study III, unitary, two-, and multi-factorial models of declarative memory were compared and age-invariance was tested for. In Study IV cross-sectional age differences were contrasted with five-year longitudinal changes on aggregate measures of episodic and semantic memory within age groups ranging from 35 to 85 years. The results of Study I and Study II demonstrated that enactment constitutes an effective form of encoding support, but that the age differences generalize across this form of encoding support. Study II indicated that most of the age-related variance in recognition and levels of recollective experience following enacted and non-enacted encoding was shared by a measure of processing speed. Study III confirmed that a two-factor model of declarative memory (episodic and semantic memory) yields superior fit as compared with a unitary model of declarative memory. However, the best fitting model was a six-factor model with recall and recognition (episodic memory) and knowledge and fluency (semantic associated with different patterns of age-related differences, with some indications that the first-order factors show differential age-related patterns, indicative of variability that cross-sectional data may give a false impression of decline for adults in the age range 35-60 years for episodic memory. There was no evidence of time-related decline within these age groups, even though practice effects were taken into account. However, past this age, substantial time-related decline was observed for the older adults, in line with cross-sectional data. Semantic memory performance tended to improve across time for the younger groups, but decline in old age, although the magnitude of this decline was less pronounced than for episodic memory. Cohort differences in education may be one important factor underlying the discrepancy between the cross-sectional and longitudinal aging patterns, both in the case of episodic and semantic memory. In conclusion, the result of the present studies show that age-related functional losses occur in forms of declarative memory, especially memory) as first-order factors. Episodic and semantic memory were found to be within the episodic and semantic memory domains. The results of Study IV showed episodic memory, but that the onset of decline does not begin until old age.
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Dahlin, Marie. "Future doctors : mental distress during medical education: cross-sectional and longitudinal studies /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-147-0/.
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Rönnlund, Michael. "Aspects of declarative memory functioning in adulthood : cross-sectional and longitudinal studies /." Umeå : Univ, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-146.
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Sickmeier, Marie Bell. "The union wage impact : cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses using the NLSY." Connect to resource, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262100637.
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Hinton, Alice M. "Contributions to Discriminant Analysis of Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data with Applications." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1390479004.
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Gao, Dexiang. "Analysis of clustered longitudinal count data /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2007.
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Thesis (Ph.D. in Analytic Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2007.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-77). Free to UCD affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
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Faires, Kenneth Brent. "Characterization of microstructure and microtexture in longitudinal sections from friction stir processed nickel-aluminum bronze." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2003. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/03Jun%5FFaires.pdf.
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DUCRET, JEAN-ERIC. "Separation des fonctions de structure longitudinale, transverse et d'interference longitudinale-transverse dans la section efficace des reactions #2h(e,ep) et #4he(e,ep)#3h." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA112351.
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Nous avons mesure la section efficace de la reaction (e,ep) sur le deuterium et l'helium 4 dans la region quasi-elastique. Ces experiences ont ete realisees aupres de l'accelerateur lineaire de saclay, dans la salle d'experiences he1. A l'aide d'une separation de type rosenbluth, nous avons isole les fonctions de structure longitudinale l (coulombienne), transverse t (magnetique) et d'interference tl. Ceci nous permet d'acceder aux differentes composantes du courant electromagnetique nucleaire. La precision statistique obtenue sur les sections efficaces (e,ep) est de 1% sur le deuterium et de 2% sur l'helium 4. L'erreur systematique est composee d'une partie liee aux instabilites de l'appareillage (entre 1 et 2. 8%) et d'une partie liee a la normalisation d'ensemble des experiences (3%). Ces experiences font apparaitre une difference importante entre le deuterium et l'helium 4. Alors que, dans le premier noyau, la fonction de structure l est peu reduite par rapport a t, de facon consistante avec les modeles theoriques, la fonction de structure l est reduite dans l'helium 4 de 40% par rapport a t alors que les modeles theoriques ne prevoient qu'une reduction de 20%
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Chan, Wai-yin Cathy. "Lexicon-phonology relationships in Cantonese-speaking children a cross-sectional and longitudinal investigation /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2003. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B38885797.
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Thesis (B.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2003."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, April 30, 2003." Includes bibliographical references (p. 28-30) Also available in print.
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Wallace, Rick L., Nakia J. Carter, and Kefeng (Maylene) Qiu. "A Longitudinal Cross-sectional Analysis of Information Needs of Rural Health Care Providers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8749.
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Objective: This longitudinal cross-sectional study was designed to give a picture of the Northeast Tennessee rural health care providers’ information needs.
Methods: The population of this study was the health care providers in Northeast Tennessee outside the TriCities urban area. It is in the 15-county service area of the East Tennessee State University Quillen College of Medicine Library’s outreach and includes no one from a community larger than 25,000. The names of physicians were gathered from the Tennessee State Licensing Verification Database and personal knowledge of the librarians. The surveys were administered to registered nurses (RNs) from a list from the Tennessee Center for Nursing. A P=0.05 was obtained. The questionnaires were sent out by mail with a self-addressed stamped envelope. A cutoff date was set for 2 weeks for the return of the surveys. Surveys that came in after the cutoff date were accepted up to 1 month. A cover letter was included to explain the purpose of the survey. The data were analyzed in terms of central tendencies and dispersions of distributions. The data are displayed in the report by means of frequencies and percentages.
Results: This study compared rural information needs and practices in the same geographic area twelve years apart. This has given valuable information as to how the information needs and practices of this group have changed. This study will enable the librarians to change their outreach strategies to reflect the new reality.
Conclusions: Our purposes as medical librarians do not change. However, the environment of our service changes constantly. Longitudinal cross-sectional studies give the opportunity to obtain “snapshots” of a service environment to see how they change over time
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Wallace, Rick L., and Nakia J. Woodward. "A Longitudinal Cross-sectional Analysis of Information Needs of Rural Health Care Providers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8745.
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Swart, Hermann. "Affective mediators of intergroup contact : cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses in South Africa." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491961.
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This thcsis sought to cxtcnd thc contcmporary dcvclopmcnts in thc contact litcraturc to thc South African context, ,vhilc also advancing the current body of longitudinal contact literature. Thc first part of my thcsis compared thc rclationship bctwcen outgroup friendships, affcctivc mcdiators, and multiple measures of prejudice between high-status Whitc and low-status Colourcd adolescents. Two cross-sectional studies confinned the importance of intergroup anxicty and cmpathy as mediators of contact effects for both samplcs. Outgroup fricndships were simultancously associatcd with decrcased intergroup anxiety and increased affective empathy (suggcsted by Pettigrew, 1998). Considered simultaneously with intergroup anxiety, only affective empathy mediated outgroup friendship effccts amongst the Coloured participants, whilc both affectivc mediators operated simultancously amongst thc Whitc participants. Thc significant differences in the structural models across the two samples in both cross-sectional studies support previous findings that contact effccts are stronger for majority-status groups than for minority-status groups (Tropp & Pettigrew, 2005). A third cross-sectional study explored the gcneralization ofoutgroup attitudes from onc outgroup to anothcr outgroup. Amongst Whitc participants, having Black outgroup friends improvcd thcir attitudes towards thc Black outgroup as a whole that was, in tum, associatcd with morc positiyc attitudcs towards the Colourcd outgroup (after controlling for contact with the Coloured outgroup). Having Coloured outgroup friends had a similar effect on attitudes towards the Black outgroup for the Whitc participants. These cffccts were not obsen'cd amongst thc Colourcd participants. Having Black outgroup friends was not significantly associated with attitudes towards the White outgroup, and vice versa. The sccond part of my thesis cxplored thc causal rclationship between outgroup friendships and prcjudice amongst Coloured junior high school students. In the first causal analysis, four altcmative causal modcls wcre compared using non-rccursivc modelling on crosssectional data. All four models fit thc data equally well, resulting in inconclusivc rcsults. Thc sccond causal analysis ,vas bascd on a three-wavc longitudinal study ovcr a 12-month period. In total, 319 participants were matched across all threc time points. A causal model specifying bidirectional causal pathways fit thc data best, although the full mediation of outgroup friendship cffccts on pcrccived outgroup variability and ncgatiyc action tcndencics was only observcd in the 'fonvard' causal direction from timc I to timc 3. Outgroup friendships at timc I was simultancously associated with significantly lcss intergroup anxiety and significantly morc affective empathy at timc 2, which were associated both with incrcased perceivcd outgroup variability and dccrcascd ncgativc action tcndcncics at timc 3. A causal sequcncc bctween thc affective mcdiators was obsen'ed ovcr timc: lower intergroup anxiety at time I predicted morc outgroup friendships at timc 2, which predicted morc affcctivc empathy at timc 3. Thcsc findings makc a significant contribution to thc contact literature. Their importancc is discussed, along with dircctions for futurc rcscarch.
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Shim, Minsuk. "Models comparing estimates of school effectiveness based on cross-sectional and longitudinal designs." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31519.
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The primary purpose of this study is to compare the six models (cross-sectional, two-wave, and multiwave, with and without controls) and determine which of the models most appropriately estimates school effects. For a fair and adequate evaluation of school effects, this study considers the following requirements of an appropriate analytical model.
First, a model should have controls for students' background characteristics. Without controlling for the initial differences of students, one may not analyze the between-school differences appropriately, as students are not randomly assigned to schools.
Second, a model should explicitly address individual change and growth rather than status, because students' learning and growth is the primary goal of schooling. In other words, studies should be longitudinal rather than cross-sectional. Most researches, however, have employed cross-sectional models because empirical methods of measuring change have been considered inappropriate and invalid. This study argues that the discussions about measuring change have been unjustifiably restricted to the two-wave model. It supports the idea of a more recent longitudinal approach to the measurement of change. That is, one can estimate the individual growth more accurately using multiwave data.
Third, a model should accommodate the hierarchical characteristics of school data because schooling is a multilevel process. This study employs an Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM) as a basic methodological tool to analyze the data.
The subjects of the study were 648 elementary students in 26 schools. The scores on three subtests of Canadian Tests of Basic Skills (CTBS) were collected for this grade cohort across three years (grades 5, 6 and 7). The between-school differences were analyzed using the six models previously mentioned. Students' general cognitive ability (CCAT) and gender were employed as the controls for background characteristics.
Schools differed significantly in their average levels of academic achievement at grade 7 across the three subtests of CTBS. Schools also differed significantly in their average rates of growth in mathematics and reading between grades 5 and 7. One interesting finding was that the bias of the unadjusted model against adjusted model for the multiwave design was not as large as that for the cross-sectional design. Because the multiwave model deals with student growth explicitly and growth can be reliably estimated for some subject areas, even without controls for student intake, this study concluded that the multiwave models are a better design to estimate school effects. This study also discusses some practical implications and makes suggestions for further studies of school effects.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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Luchetti, Martina <1984>. "The phenomenological experiences of Autobiographical Memory: A cross-sectional and a longitudinal study." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6887/.
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Phenomenology is a critical component of autobiographical memory retrieval. Some memories are vivid and rich in sensory details whereas others are faded; some memories are experienced as emotionally intense whereas others are not. Sutin and Robins (2007) identified 10 dimensions in which a memory may vary—i.e., Vividness, Coherence, Accessibility, Sensory Details, Emotional Intensity, Visual Perspective, Time Perspective, Sharing, Distancing, and Valence—and developed a comprehensive psychometrically sound measure of memory phenomenology, the Memory Experiences Questionnaire (MEQ). Phenomenology has been linked to underlining stable dispositions—i.e. personality, as well as to a variety of positive/negative psychological outcomes—well-being and life satisfaction, depression and anxiety, among others. Using the MEQ, a cross-sectional and a longitudinal study were conducted on a large sample of American and Italian adults. In both studies, participants retrieved two ‘key’ personal memories, a Turning Point and a Childhood Memory, and rated the affect and phenomenology of each memory. Participants also completed self-reported measures of personality (i.e. Neuroticism and Conscientiousness), and measures of depression, well-being and life satisfaction. The present research showed that phenomenological ratings tend (a) to cross-sectionally increase across adulthood (Study 1), and (b) to be moderately stable over time, regardless the contents of the memories (Study 2). Interrelations among memory phenomenology, personality and psychological outcome variables were also examined (Study 1 and Study 2). In particular, autobiographical memory phenomenology was proposed as a dynamic expression of personality functioning that partially explains adaptive/maladaptive psychological outcomes. In fact, the findings partially supported the hypothesized mediating effect of phenomenology on the personality association with psychological outcomes. Implications of the findings are discussed proposing future lines of research. In particular, the need for more longitudinal studies is highlighted, along with the combined application of both self-report questionnaires and narrative measures.
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Antigo, Mariangela Furlan. "Mobilidade de rendimentos no Brasil: uma análise a partir dos dados cross-section e longitudinais." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/AMSA-8BCK2B.
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The analysis concerning the recent drop in Brazilian income inequality show that it has fallen steadily and substantially between 2001 and 2005, but still remains very high. Given these favorable results, it raises relevant questions about the earnings mobility. Thus, this thesis has the main aim of analyzing the Brazilian earnings mobility, considering the period before and after the fall of income inequality.
For a more decentralized income distribution there must be a relative gain for those at the base of the pyramid. Given the heterogeneity in Brazilian income groups, there is evaluated how individual and institutional factors, and also job and macroeconomic conditions, can explain the mobility in different quantiles. An upward mobility in the base of distribution can support a greater equalization of income over time if the individual factors outweigh the macroeconomic.
A study of long-term mobility is made based on data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) from 1993 to 2007. The empirical exercise is carried out by means of a pseudo-dynamic panel model and the age-period-cohort model. To measure mobility over the quantiles of the income distribution, we employ a quantile regression, using data from the Monthly Employment Survey (PME) between 1992-2001 and 2002-2009.
Therefore, the main contribution of this paper is to detect a relationship between mobility and income inequality in Brazil and the factors that lead to a more decentralized distribution over time. The results show that the fall in inequality was accompanied by increased mobility in income, especially the main job. The variables of education and minimum wage have a key role in explaining the mobility of the poor. This result is very important when considering the impact on uncertainty and the budget constraint of these individuals because they tend to act toward a break with the vicious cycle of poverty. Accordingly, the income distribution in Brazil over time tends to become more equalized.As análises existentes sobre a recente queda da desigualdade de rendimentos no Brasil mostram que essa caiu contínua e substancialmente entre 2001 e 2005, mas ainda permanece muito alta. Diante destes resultados favoráveis, colocam-se questões pertinentes à mobilidade de rendimentos. Esta tese tem, assim, por principal objetivo, analisar a mobilidade de rendimentos no Brasil, considerando o período anterior e posterior à queda da desigualdade de renda do país. Para que a distribuição de renda seja mais desconcentrada é preciso que haja um ganho para aqueles situados na base da pirâmide. Dado a heterogeneidade nos subgrupos de renda brasileira, avaliam-se como fatores individuais, do posto de trabalho e de cunho institucional, além das condições macroeconômicas, explicam a mobilidade nos diferentes estratos. Uma mobilidade ascendente na base da distribuição pode sustentar uma maior equalização dos rendimentos ao longo do tempo se os fatores individuais se sobrepõem aos macroeconômicos. Um estudo da mobilidade de longo prazo é realizado com base nos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD), entre 1993 e 2007. O exercício empírico é realizado por meio de um pseudo-painel dinâmico e pelo modelo de idade-período-coorte. Para mensurar a mobilidade ao longo dos quantis da distribuição de renda, recorre-se ao método das regressões quantílicas, por meio dos dados da Pesquisa Mensal de Emprego (PME), entre 1992 e 2009. A principal contribuição deste trabalho é, portanto, detectar uma possível relação entre a mobilidade e a desigualdade de rendimentos no Brasil e os fatores que levem a uma distribuição mais desconcentrada ao longo do tempo. Os resultados mostram que a queda da desigualdade foi acompanhada por uma maior mobilidade de rendimentos, sobretudo do trabalho principal, a partir de 2001. As variáveis de educação e de salário mínimo têm um papel chave para explicar a mobilidade dos mais pobres. Este resultado é muito importante quando se considera o impacto sobre a incerteza e sobre a restrição orçamentária destes indivíduos, pois tendem a agir no sentido de uma ruptura com o círculo vicioso da pobreza a que estão sujeitos. Nesse sentido, a distribuição de renda Brasil ao longo do tempo tende a se tornar mais equalizada.
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Vaillant, Julia. "Imbricated dynamics in times of fragile growth : individuals, families and household businesses in Madagascar, 1995-2005." Thesis, Paris 9, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA090068.
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Dans les pays en développement, l'imbrication des activités économiques au sein du ménage rend la mesure de la dynamique des revenus complexe, en particulier lorsque les périodes étudiées sont longues. Le contexte choisi est celui de la décennie 1995-2005 à Madagascar, une période particulièrement intéressante puisqu'il s'agit du premier épisode de croissance soutenue et quasi-ininterrompue depuis l'indépendance du pays en 1960. En utilisant des données collectées auprès de ménages ruraux et urbains et d'entreprises du secteur informel, en coupe et en panel, les trois chapitres étudient chacun un aspect particulier du problème de mesure la dynamique de la pauvreté sur longue période dans un contexte d'imbrication forte des unités productives et des ménages. Le premier chapitre examine la dynamique du secteur informel à Antananarivo en tenant compte de sa nature très hétérogène. Le deuxième mesure l'écart de performance entre les unités de production dirigées par des femmes et celles dirigées par des hommes. Il teste l’existence d’effets différenciés selon le genre des normes de partage et d’allocation des tâches au sein du ménage sur l’efficience technique des entreprises. Le troisième chapitre discute l’opportunité de suivre des migrants dans les enquêtes longitudinales. L’étude des micro-entreprises doit tenir compte de leur environnement familial et social, pour prendre la pleine mesure des contraintes qui pèsent sur elles. Des recherches sur le comportement et la rationalité économique des ménages urbains apparaissent nécessaire. En l'absence de données longitudinales, la principale limite du travail réside dans l'impossibilité de décrire la démographie des entreprises informelles dans le temps. Il semble indispensable d’imaginer des dispositifs de collectes de données innovants permettant de suivre ces unités de production dans le tempsIn developing countries, the complex interdependence of households, individuals and businesses makes the measurement of welfare dynamics challenging, especially over a long period, because economic activities are predominantly embedded in households. The context we have chosen, Madagascar between 1995 and 2005, is particularly interesting because it corresponds to an unprecedented period of growth interrupted only by a recession in 2002 due to a political crisis. Using urban, rural, cross-sectional and panel data, the three essays presented attempt to shed light on various aspects of welfare dynamics over a long period in Madagascar, with a special focus on the imbrication of productive activities, households and individuals. The first essay studies informal sector dynamics in Antananarivo with a special attention on its heterogeneous nature. The second measures the extent of the gender performance gap among informal entrepreneurs and explores the existence of gender-differentiated effects of sharing norms and the allocation of tasks within the household on the technical efficiency of enterprises. Finally, the third essay is a methodological contribution on the relevance of tracking movers in panel data collection in rural areas. Studying microenterprises within their family and social environment is necessary to fully grasp the constraints on productive activities. More research is necessary on the behavior and economic rationality of urban households. The lack of panel data on informal businesses limits what can be said on their demography, especially over a long period. There is a pressing need for innovative data collection devices which follow these production units over time
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Martí, Juan Gerard. "Data-driven methods to characterize heterogeneity in Alzheimer’s disease using cross-sectional and longitudinal data." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671269.
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Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is an incurable neurodegenerative disease that affects millions of elderly people worldwide. Detecting the disease in its early stages is the key for a more effective treatment. AD is a multifactorial disease, where several biomarkers represent different pathophysiological processes in the brain, with distinct progression paths over time. Methods to facilitate the integration and interpretation of longitudinal, heterogeneous medical data could be of benefit for a better understanding of the disease and its progression. In this thesis, we present statistical and machine learning methods and studies for early detection and to assess disease progression.
Contributions of this thesis are as follows: First, we present a review on machine learning applications in AD using longitudinal neuroimaging data: we analyze their approach to typical challenges in longitudinal data analysis and show that machine learning methods using this type of data have potential to improve disease progression modelling and computer-aided diagnosis. Our second contribution is a study of AD subtyping using novel plasma-based blood biomarkers. We used a multivariate, unsupervised multiple kernel learning method over blood-based biomarkers to find subgroups of patients defined by distinctive blood biomarker profiles, and we analyze those subgroups using cross-sectional and longitudinal neuroimaging data. Our third contribution is a novel method based on recurrent, multimodal variational autoencoders to model the progression of the disease. It can use a variable number of modalities and time-points across different subjects, and we show its performance quantitatively and qualitatively. Our fourth and final contribution is an analysis of the impact of APOE ε4 gene dose and its association with age on hippocampal shape, assessed with multivariate surface analysis, using a cognitive healthy, ε4-enriched cohort.La malaltia d'Alzheimer, o simplement Alzheimer, és una malaltia neurodegenerativa incurable que afecta milions de persones a tot el món. La detecció de la malaltia en els seus primers estadis és clau per a un tractament més eficaç. L’Alzheimer és una malaltia multifactorial, on diversos marcadors representen processos fisiopatològics diferents al cervell, amb diferents tipus de progressió al llarg del temps. Mètodes per facilitar la integració i la interpretació de dades mèdiques longitudinals i heterogènies poden ser útils per aconseguir una millor comprensió de la malaltia i la seva progressió. En aquesta tesi presentem mètodes estadístics i d’aprenentatge automàtic per a la detecció precoç i per avaluar la progressió de la malaltia. Les contribucions d’aquesta tesi són les següents: En primer lloc, presentem una revisió de mètodes d’aprenentatge automàtic aplicats a l'Alzheimer que utilitza dades de neuroimatge longitudinals: analitzem el seu enfocament als desafiaments típics en l’anàlisi d'aquestes dades i demostrem que els mètodes d’aprenentatge automàtic que utilitzen dades longitudinals tenen potencial per a millorar la modelització de la progressió de la malaltia i el diagnòstic assistit per ordinador. La nostra segona contribució és un estudi de subtipatge de l'Alzheimer mitjançant biomarcadors sanguinis basats en plasma. Utilitzem un mètode multivariat i no supervisat en biomarcadors sanguinis per trobar subgrups de pacients definits per perfils distintius d'aquests biomarcadors, i analitzem aquests subgrups utilitzant dades de neuroimatge transversal i longitudinal. La nostra tercera contribució és un mètode basat en "recurrent variational autoencoders", un tipus de xarxa neuronal, per modelar la progressió de la malaltia. El mètode utilitza un nombre variable de modalitats i adquisicions en diferents pacients, i mostrem el seu rendiment quantitativament i qualitativament. La nostra quarta i última contribució és una anàlisi de l’impacte del gen APOE ε4 i la seva associació amb l’edat en la superfície de l’hipocamp, evaluada amb un anàlisi multivariat sobre una cohort amb alta proporció de pacients sans amb el gen ε4.
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Placakyte, Ringaile. "First Measurement of Charged Current Cross Sections with Longitudinally Polarised Positrons at HERA." Diss., lmu, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-58941.
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Rizk, Stephanie Carissa. "Service Sector Growth and Income Inequalities: A Longitudinal Analysis from an International Sample." NCSU, 2003. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05092003-124333/.
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The rise of the service sector has been offered as a possible reason for rising income inequalities in highly developed countries. Here, data from 1980, 1990 and 1995 are analyzed to investigate the effects of growth in the service sector on income inequalities for 77 nations around the world. Statistical models examine the effects that the state, through redistribution efforts, has on income inequality. Results of random effects models show that 1)service sector growth has a positive relationship with income inequality, 2) that level of development has a strong positive relationship with income inequality, and 3) that redistribution efforts have had little impact on income inequality over time. Some support is given to the idea that there is an interaction effect between service sector growth and relative placement within the overall world system. This raises the question of whether service sector growth affects the income inequality of a nation differently based on where they are ranked in the hierarchy of world development.
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Sun, Huaping. "Predictors of Young Adults' Well-being: A Comparison of Longitudinal and Cross-sectional Analyses." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145290.
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This study was designed to explore the association between diet and nutrition, physical activity, substance use, delinquent behavior, self-esteem, religiosity, relations with parents, and well-being among young adults, considering gender as a moderating variable. I used the data from Add Health to conduct both longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses. The longitudinal analysis revealed that high self-esteem and religiosity during adolescence positively predicted young adults' well-being, that religiosity and good relations with parents during adolescence protected young adults from drug use, and that good relations with parents during adolescence protected young adults from property crime. The positive influence of physical activity during adolescence on well-being and the protective effect of religiosity during adolescence on property crime were particularly for young men; and the positive influence of good relations with parents during adolescence on well-being was particularly for young women. The cross-sectional analysis indicated that physical activity, high self-esteem, and good relations with parents during young adulthood positively predicted young adults' well-being, that religiosity during young adulthood protected young adults from drug use, and that high self-esteem during young adulthood protected young adults from property crime. The protective effects of good relations with parents during young adulthood on drug use and property crime were particularly for young men. Also, the cross-sectional positive effect of high self-esteem on well-being was significantly greater for females than for males. Comparisons of the longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses showed that self-esteem had a greater impact on young adults' well-being in cross-sectional than longitudinal analysis, and that the protective effect of religiosity on drug use was greater in longitudinal than cross-sectional analysis, but for males only. Implications of the findings, limitations of the study, and future research directions were also discussed.
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Ait, Khaled. "Sequence analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 : a cross-sectional and longitudinal study." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244731.
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Perkins, Drew Allen. "Evaluating Geomorphic Change in Little Creek Using Repeated Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Profile Surveys." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2012. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/711.
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Six geomorphic study reaches were established in 2002 along a forested mountain stream (gradients range from 0.02 to 0.05) on Cal Poly's Swanton Pacific Ranch in Santa Cruz County, California. These study reaches are a component of paired and nested watershed studies in the approximately 500 hectare Little Creek watershed. The overall goal of this study was to monitor water quality and channel conditions before, during, and after a selective harvest of redwood. A selective harvest occurred in the North Fork of Little Creek in Summer 2008. In August 2009, approximately 90% of the Little Creek Watershed was burned in the Lockheed Fire. Channel change was evaluated by measuring ground profiles using traditional survey methods. Cross section and longitudinal profiles are surveyed annually every summer in the six study reaches. Change is assessed through evaluation of cross sections and longitudinal profiles, analysis of bed elevation and cross-sectional area change data, and analysis of residual pool characteristics and longitudinal profile variability. Changes in the channel during this time have been relatively small and are typically associated with movement or introduction of coarse woody debris to the stream channel. However, during the study period no large stream flow events occurred (return interval at the closest USGS gauging station does not exceed 5 years). Historically, large debris flow events have occurred in this watershed, with well documented events in 1955 and 1998. The survey data is an important tool for understanding change detection in channel characteristics before and after harvesting, and following fire disturbance.
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Boucher, Vincent. "Consommation maximale d'oxygène et croissance staturo-pondérale : étude longitudinale dans les sections sport-études d'Aquitaine." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25157.
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Leroy, Felipe Lacerda Diniz. "A indústria do audiovisual no Brasil: uma análise a partir de dados cross-section e longitudinais." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/AMSA-97SQ6X.
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The empirical literature, both nationally and internationally, on "Economics of Culture" is recent and poorly consolidated. When the analysis is restricted to the creative industry and, in particular, the Brazilian audiovisual industry, subject of this thesis, there is no study that evaluates the segment in its many facets, whether as their form of organization, the composition of the market work or behavior of the supply of equipment and demand for audiovisual goods. Existing studies are limited to discussing the origin of the term creative industry and its relationship with the cultural industry, restricting the chronological facts. This thesis has as main objective to analyze the organizational form of the audiovisual industry in Brazil, considering the changes brought about by the digital age and the new technologies of information and communication technologies (ICTs), from an empirical approach. With support on data obtained restricted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), seeks to evaluate possible variables that explain the net sales revenue of firms that comprise the Annual Industrial Survey and Annual Survey of Services. It is believed that this is an indirect way to identify a possible market concentration of audiovisual firms, which in turn affects the behavior of the industry as a whole. Promotes it here a study with data from the reported studies over a period of ten years. The empirical exercise is conducted based on a panel data model. Organized a panel for the firms that supply inputs for industry, PIA members and service providers, comprising the PAS. The main contribution of this work is to detect a possible concentration of audiovisual firms in certain regions of Brazil and to point the factors leading to this fact. The results show that, even tending to decrease, the regional concentration remains in the Southeast region of Brazil, with the highest prevalence in the states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the creative classes remain concentrated in the most economically developed and have amenities that attract workers to the audiovisual industry, and that variables such as "market share" and "wages paid to workers audiovisual" play a key role in explaining the net sales. This result leads to the conclusion that the mark-up practices are common in this industry and that both consumers and the fringes of this oligopolistic structure bear market imperfections. In this sense, it is believed that incentives for both phonography as for cinematography are essential to the development of the sector and increased access to goods and audiovisual services.A literatura empírica, tanto nacional quanto internacional, sobre o tema Economia da Cultura é recente e pouco consolidada. Quando a análise se restringe à indústria criativa e, de forma particular, à indústria do audiovisual brasileira, tema desta tese, não existe nenhum trabalho que avalia o segmento em suas diversas facetas, seja quanto a sua forma de organização, à composição do mercado de trabalho ou ao comportamento da oferta de equipamentos e da demanda por bens audiovisuais. Os estudos existentes limitam-se a discutir a origem do termo indústria criativa e sua relação com a indústria cultural, restringindo-se à exposição cronológica dos fatos. Esta tese tem como principal objetivo analisar a forma de organização da indústria do audiovisual no Brasil, considerando as mudanças ocasionadas pela nova era digital e pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC), a partir de uma abordagem empírica. Com apoio nos dados de acesso restrito obtido do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), busca-se avaliar as possíveis variáveis que explicam a receita líquida de vendas das firmas que compõem a Pesquisa Industrial Anual e a Pesquisa Anual de Serviços. Julga-se que esta é uma forma indireta de identificar uma possível concentração de mercado das firmas de audiovisual, que, por sua vez, afeta o comportamento do setor como um todo. Promove-se aqui um estudo com os dados das pesquisas citadas ao longo de um período de dez anos. O exercício empírico é realizado com base em um modelo de dados em painel. Organizou-se um painel para as firmas fornecedoras de insumos para a indústria, integrantes da PIA e das prestadoras de serviços, que compõem a PAS. A principal contribuição deste trabalho consiste em detectar uma possível concentração das firmas de audiovisual em determinadas regiões do Brasil e apontar os fatores que conduzem a este fato. Os resultados mostram que, mesmo tendendo a redução, a concentração regional ainda permanece na região Sudeste do Brasil, com maior predomínio nos estados de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro; que as classes criativas permanecem concentradas nos estados mais desenvolvidos economicamente e que possuem amenidades que atraem trabalhadores para a indústria do audiovisual; e que variáveis como participação de mercado e salário pago aos trabalhadores do audiovisual exercem um papel chave para explicar a receita líquida de vendas. Este resultado conduz à conclusão de que as práticas de mark-up são comuns nesta indústria e que tanto os consumidores quanto as franjas desta estrutura oligopolizada arcam com as imperfeições do mercado. Nesse sentido, acredita-se que os incentivos tanto para a fonografia quanto para a cinematografia são imprescindíveis para o desenvolvimento do setor e a ampliação do acesso aos bens e serviços de audiovisual.
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De, Ross Kristen James. "Predicting participation in formal and informal training : a longitudinal study in the public sector /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17737.pdf.
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Arwinge, Olof. "Internal Control in the Financial Sector : A Longitudinal Case Study of an Insurance Company." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-218906.
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This thesis comprises of an initial summary of Study I which is my licentiate thesis in business administration. Study I is a literature study on internal control. Thereafter follows Study II which is a case study of Swedish insurance organization. The case study adopts a contingency perspective and attempts to find environmental and firm-level factors that influence the design, use and outcome of internal control. Study II is a longitudinal study that accounts for key internal-control developments that occurred between 2000-2010. This case study finds that there are two environmental influences that significantly affected internal-control design, use and outcome. They consist of environmental uncertainty and regulatory and supervisory forces. Their influences differ in nature but jointly they act to set boundaries and frame in-ternal-control design, use and outcome. There are two firm-level influences of governance structure and managerial attitudes that act jointly with strategy to affect the design, use and outcome of internal control. While environmental influences set boundaries and frame internal-control work, firm-level contingencies can effectively enable or disable internal-control effectiveness. These firm-level influences provide means and opportunities to internal-control work. My longitudinal research suggests that evolutionary steps have been taken regarding internal-control design and use. In sum these steps correspond to a shift in internal-control orientation and a transformation of practices where Folksam has been moving from a looser towards a tighter form of internal control, with greater transparency in operational risk management. Finally, based on the internal-control principles of the COSO framework I see that particular principles have been enhanced within the Folksam system of internal control. The components of these principles are the control environment, risk assessment and monitoring.
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Hendrick, David J. "Discordance between cross sectional and longitudinal estimates for the effect of ageing on lung function." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33000.
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To evaluate why discordance may occur between regression coefficients from cross sectional and longitudinal analyses when ventilatory function is related to ageing, a population was created by computer, and modelled to simulate functional change during life. The program incorporated the effects of many factors known to influence lung function measurements, which were adjusted experimentally so that their contributions to any discordance could be assessed. Regression analyses showed that significant discordance could be induced if the oldest birth cohort failed to reach the same maximal level of function as the youngest; if a quadratic ageing term was excluded from the independent regression variables; or if the effects of certain confounders were present. Discordance occurred additionally if cross sectional estimates became imprecise, but then the differences (often marked) from longitudinal estimates were not significant. It is concluded that discordance may be fundamental and unavoidable (though explicable), or merely a consequence of imprecision.
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Schäfer, Sarah K. [Verfasser]. "Perspectives on Self-Reported Resilience - Cross-Sectional, Longitudinal and Meta-Analytical Considerations / Sarah K. Schäfer." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1216104778/34.
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Fitjar, Rune Dahl. "Prosperous peripheries : cross-sectional and longitudinal explorations of the determinants of regionalism in Western Europe." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2007. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1969/.
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The study aims to explain differences in the levels of regionalism both between different regions and within individual regions over time. The existing literature focuses on globalisation and European integration as the main causes of changes in regionalism across time, treating the phenomenon mainly as a part of broader political developments. By overlooking internal developments in individual regions in this way, it is impossible to explain differences between regions. Another main strand of the literature focuses on cultural and ethnic differences, but these differences tend to be relatively static and thus unsuitable for explaining variation within individual regions over time. Instead, the thesis looks for answers to these questions in regional economies. One major hypothesis is that economically strong but politically peripheral regions will be better equipped to challenge the central state and have stronger incentives to desire control over their own resources. A quantitative study across 212 Western European regions seeks to test the relationship between regionalism and a set of common explanatory variables, including the economic strength of the region. Variables such as cultural distinctiveness, geographical position, economic development, globalisation and Europeanisation are tested for their effects on the regional identities expressed by the population. The findings of the quantitative study form the basis of a model of the causes of regionalism, which is further explored through case studies of Scotland and Rogaland, two regions that have experienced growth across time both in terms of economic development and globalisation. On this basis, the model predicts a growth in regionalism across time in both regions. These predictions are tested and confirmed, and an exploratory qualitative study examines why economic development and globalisation may have led to growth in regionalism in the two regions.
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Miesse, Colette A. Neumann Craig Stephen. "A cross-sectional and longitudinal study of adolescents and religion views of risk and resiliency /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-11023.
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Miesse, Colette Ann. "A Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Study of Adolescents and Religion: Views of Risk and Resiliency." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc11023/.
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The research literature within the past decade has documented the importance of religiosity and spirituality in helping many adults around the world cope with major life stressors and events. Still, the role of religiosity and spirituality in adolescence is not well-known as research during this developmental period has been limited by sample size, homogeneity of samples, ethnic restrictions, and use of scales with few items. The goal of the current study is to identify and understand adolescent levels of religiousness and spirituality, as well as their roles on later social, emotional, and behavioral outcomes. The current study relied upon data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and utilized confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in order to generate models of the relationships between the various latent variables. The religiosity and spirituality factors in the current study adequately measure religious perceptions and practices of adolescents over time. These constructs also play a role in later emotional well-being and self-esteem. Analyses also found adequate predictive abilities in the other model factors of delinquency, psychological well-being, self-esteem, and the social support. It is concluded from this study that religiosity and spirituality are not interchangeable constructs, and that more robust measures of both factors yield richer results. It is recommended that more comprehensive scales of religiosity and spirituality be developed and investigated in the future.
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Minhas, Davneet S. "Methodology for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Amyloid-‐β Plaques: Cross-‐Sectional and Longitudinal Validation." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2015. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/971.
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The aim of this work was to identify optimal methodological techniques for quantifying 11C-‐Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) PET imaging measures of Amyloid-‐β protein deposition, a neuropathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), in both cross-‐sectional and longitudinal studies. Simulated phantoms based on existing MR and PiB PET images were generated to characterize and validate the implementation of three partial volume correction (PVC) techniques that account for the limited spatial resolution of PET: the Meltzer, the Müller-‐Gärtner, and the Region-‐Based Voxel-‐Wise methods. The impact of these partial volume correction methods on correlations between region-‐matched antemortem PiB PET standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) and postmortem measures of amyloid load was then examined in a unique cohort of 12 subjects. Results indicate that the impact of PVC is not only dependent on the technique utilized, but also highly specific to region placement and subject anatomy. While the Region-‐Based Voxel-‐ Wise method outperformed other PVC methods, no PVC method improved correlations between antemortem PiB PET SUVR and postmortem measures of amyloid load, likely due to the noise propagation properties of the techniques. Several PET image analysis methods were also evaluated to assess relative performance in measuring change of amyloid deposition over time: the Simplified Reference Tissue, the Logan graphical, and the SUVR methods. This evaluation was performed in a unique cohort of 48 healthy elderly control, mild cognitive impairment, and AD subjects imaged with PiB PET at baseline and follow-‐up. The potential impact of non-‐specific reference region selection, changes in relative PiB delivery between target and reference tissues, and the partial volume effect were examined. The SUVR measure over 40-‐60 minutes post-‐injection was found to be optimal in tracking longitudinal changes across diagnostic groups. Results also indicate that the partial volume effects from non-‐specific binding in white matter can influence measured changes of amyloid load. In conclusion, PVC techniques did not significantly improve correlations between PiB PET and postmortem measures of amyloid load. However, the Region-‐ Based Voxel-‐Wise PVC method should be considered for use in longitudinal PiB PET studies.
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Berríos, Quezada Rodrigo, and Danyau Valentina Leiva. "Productividad laboral sectorial y por tamaño en Chile : resultados a partir de la encuesta longitudinal de empresas." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/144999.
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Seminario para optar al título de Ingeniero Comercial, Mención EconomíaAutores autorizan la publicación de su documento.
En primer lugar, se utilizan microdatos provenientes de las cuatro versiones de la Encuesta Longitudinal de Empresas (ELE), para analizar la productividad laboral de las empresas chilenas. Para ello se emplea la metodología utilizada por el Ministerio de Economía, Fomento y Turismo en su boletín “Informe de resultados: Productividad laboral sectorial y por tamaño de empresa a partir de microdatos”, realizado con la tercera versión de la ELE. La primera parte, realiza un análisis de productividad por tamaño y sector empresarial tomando únicamente la cuarta versión de la ELE, es decir, la encuesta del 2015 y se compara con los resultados del Ministerio para 2013. Los resultados sugieren un leve aumento de la productividad promedio, a niveles de sectores no se ven grandes cambios, mientras que, a nivel de tamaño, se observa que la gran empresa es la única que presenta una leve baja en su productividad. En segundo lugar, se analiza el desarrollo de la productividad usando las cuatro versiones de la ELE, es decir, del 2007 al 2015 (teniendo sumo cuidado con los alcances de su representatividad), haciendo uso de datos de tipo corte transversal. Se encuentra un crecimiento de la productividad laboral promedio de alrededor del 2% con poca variabilidad. El sector más productivo resultó ser el de Electricidad, gas y agua, mientras que el menos productivo fue el de manufactura. De la totalidad de los nueve sectores, seis presentan leves aumentos, mientras que el resto, o se mantuvo o presentó una baja menor. Según tamaño, se observa una marcada correlación positiva entre el tamaño de la firma y su productividad laboral promedio. La microempresa, pequeña 1 y pequeña 2 tienen leves aumentos en su productividad, mientras que la mediana se mantiene y la gran empresa presenta una caída menor. Se observa una disminución de la brecha entre la micro y la gran empresa, dicho acortamiento, tiene que ver con una caída de la gran empresa, más que con un aumento de la microempresa. Posteriormente, se realizó una comparación con una serie de países pertenecientes a la OCDE, ésta se controló por tamaños de la firma y sector en el que se desempeña (manufacturero o de servicios empresariales, representando cada uno, un nivel de intensidad de uso de capital opuesto). Dicha comparación, para el sector manufacturero, arrojó una marcada correlación positiva entre tamaño y productividad laboral en todos los países. Además, mostró un atraso relativo de la micro, pequeña y mediana empresa chilenas versus la 5 gran empresa nacional, con respecto al resto de la OCDE. Esta brecha se hacía aún mayor si se comparaba con un subgrupo de economías desarrolladas. De la comparación para el sector de servicios empresariales, se observó como la relación positiva de productividad laboral y tamaño se perdía completamente para la totalidad de países, se plantean diversas posibles explicaciones para ello. Por último, se eligió no entrar a comparar el orden de productividad de las empresas chilenas, según tamaño, con el orden en el resto de la OCDE (como si se realizó para el sector manufacturero), dado que la categorización del sector económico utilizada para Chile (según la disponibilidad de datos existente en la cuarta versión de la ELE), no era exactamente el mismo que para el resto de los países, por lo que exponer una explicación de lo observado hubiese carecido de rigurosidad económica. A través de un ejercicio de estadística descriptiva se encontró que las empresas pertenecientes a grupos empresariales tenían un valor agregado por trabajador mayor en comparación a empresas que no pertenecen. Al analizar a las empresas que tienen dentro de su propiedad a un grupo familiar, se observó una menor productividad para aquellas firmas que cumplían con este filtro. Un último descubrimiento se llevó a cabo al estudiar las firmas que invertían en I+D, aquellas empresas que destinaban un lugar o área a la práctica de investigación o desarrollo arrojaron un mayor valor agregado por trabajador.
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Nikiforov, Andriy. "Measurements of the Neutral Current ep Cross Sections Using Longitudinally Polarised Lepton Beams at HERAII." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-70096.
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Epstein, Ruth. "The impact of botulinium toxin injections in adductor spasmodic dysphonia : a cross sectional and longitudinal study." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322663.
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Carrigan, Kayla. "Self-Weighing: Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Relations to Retired Female Athletes' Disordered Eating Attitudes and Behaviors." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248510/.
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Elite and collegiate athletes are subpopulations at increased risk for the development of disordered eating and pathogenic weight management strategies; such risks may extend beyond sport participation into sport retirement. As athletes self-weigh, whether during their time in competitive sport or in retirement, it would be expected that they also experience increases in body dissatisfaction and psychosocial distress. Results suggest both a longitudinal impact, as well as continued cross-sectional relationships between SW and disordered eating attitudes and behaviors. Specifically, former SW (at Time 1) is related to their levels of body satisfaction in relation to the Body factor and the Overall Body at Time 2. Particularly, athletes who weighed themselves 7+ more times a week reported significantly higher levels of body dissatisfaction on the Overall Body factor and the Body factor than retired athletes who did not self-weigh, all other groups did not differ significantly from each other. Cross-sectional relations were found between current (Time 2) SW and Body Satisfaction (Overall Body, and Body factors), Dietary Restraint, and Bulimic Symptomatology. In all cases, those who engaged in SW 7+ times per week had significantly higher scores than all other groups.
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Schraufnagel, Caitlin D. "Association Between Cognition and Depression: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study of Individuals with Learning Disabilities." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4294/.
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Over the past twenty years the number of children identified with learning disabilities has risen drastically. In addition, 26 - 40% of these children also experience depression. While cognitive functioning has been demonstrated to be associated with depression, it is unclear whether the mood, vegetative, or cognitive symptoms of depression predict particular cognitive processes and vice versa. The purpose of this study was to determine which particular cognitive processes were associated with specific depressive symptoms and depression as a whole. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to test a model which examined how three cognitive processing factors (verbal & visual reasoning, and attention/working memory) were associated with three depressive symptom factors (disturbances in mood, vegetative, and cognitive functioning). The data for SEM came from a large data set of children with learning disabilities (n=227). Model fit results supported the proposed model, and a significant association was found between the attention/working memory factor and the depression symptom factor reflecting disturbances in cognitive functioning. Less robust relationships were observed between verbal reasoning and cognitive depressive symptoms and an approach toward the conventional level of significance was noted between visual reasoning and cognitive depressive symptoms. Using a sub-sample of original participants who were re-evaluated 20-25 years later (n=40), longitudinal analyses were conducted to determine the predictive power of cognitive functioning and depression over time. There was some indication for the predictive power of visual reasoning performance in childhood on mood symptoms of depression in adulthood. The most robust association at both time 1 and time 2 was between attention/working memory performance and cognitive symptoms of depression. However, the association appeared to be time specific and not predictive.