Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lost municipality

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Lost municipality'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Lost municipality"

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Frennert, Susanne. "Lost in digitalization? Municipality employment of welfare technologies." Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 14, no. 6 (September 28, 2018): 635–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17483107.2018.1496362.

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Ibama, Brown, and Dapa Idaminabo Nengi. "The boom, the blunder and the brunt of Wetlands conversion and urbanisation in Port Harcourt Municipality." International Journal of Hydrology 4, no. 5 (October 12, 2020): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ijh.2020.04.00251.

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Port Harcourt municipality as a developing city has over the years been inundated with rapid urbanisation and continuous city expansion. This development has led to an increasing demand for more land to cope with such pace of transformation. Land as a natural resource is finite, yet the demand for more land is unlimited. Based on this increasing demand for land for infrastructural, commercial, residential, institutional and industrial services, government, individuals and communities alike have resort to the reclamation and conversion of available wetlands within the Port Harcourt municipality. This study sets out to identify the boom, the blunder and the brunt of wetlands reclamation and conversion within Port Harcourt Municipality; with specific objectives to ascertain the nature of spatial expansion within the wetland areas in Port Harcourt municipality; identify the extent to which urban growth has affected land use in the wetland areas within Port Harcourt municipality; and to establish the boom, blunder and the brunt of wetland depletion and conversion for urban land uses within the Port Harcourt municipality. The study adopts a quasi-experimental research design, it involves the gathering of retrospective data from various sources without the manipulation of the data sources. Sampling technique was multi-stage; listing of all forty-one wetland settlements; three settlements were purposively selected for ease of access and growing insecurity. Satellite images of the study sites were obtained from Google earth, delineated and gridlines were superimposed on the images. A time series analysis using ERDAS imagine 2014 version, was used to show spatial changes between the years 1986 to 2000, and 2000 to 2016, a time period spanning thirty years. The study indicates that from 1986 to 2000, Port Harcourt municipality lost a total of 1,255,500 m2, this translates to a 5% loss. This loss occurs at an average rate of 89,678.57m2 per annum. From 2000 to 2016, the rate of loss was 108,956.25m2 per annum, and approximately 7.69% of wetlands totalling 1,743,300m2 was lost to urbanisation. Improved urban services, economic prosperity, increased revenue represents some of the boom. Unnecessary incursion into the wetlands by groups, depletion of habitat for flora and fauna species, development of unplanned settlements is some of the blunders and declining urban quality of life, massive urban flooding, pressure on existing urban services, depletion of the already lean state resources are the brunt. Some recommendations include; conduct periodic geospatial mapping of wetlands to enable the listing of identified wetlands and identify existing species of flora and fauna for conservation, tourism development and preservation; there should be a strengthened development control framework to guide and encourage professionally trained and equipped manpower to manage wetlands and ensure acceptable best practices.
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Bjørgo, Frode, and Ingrid Bay-Larsen. "Lost in translation – Critical reflections on the disposal of submarine tailings in Kvalsund municipality." Extractive Industries and Society 4, no. 3 (July 2017): 481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2017.05.012.

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Lima, Rafael Aparecido Dias, Plinio Tadeu Istilli, Carla Regina De Souza Teixeira, Maria Lúcia Zanetti, and Maria Tereza Da Costa Gonçalves Torquato. "Diabetes mellitus mortality in a municipality in the state of São Paulo, 2010 to 2014." Revista de Saúde Pública 53 (March 7, 2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053000561.

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OBJECTIVE: To describe diabetes mellitus mortality according to sex and age in a municipality in the state of São Paulo, in the period ranging from 2010 to 2014. METHODS: This was a temporal series ecological study carried out in Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo. The data was comprised of information on 583 deaths of Ribeirão Preto residents – regardless of the place of death – from 2010 to 2014. The data source was the electronic system of the Epidemiological Surveillance of the Municipal Health Department of the evaluated municipality. Sex, age group, premature death and year of death were chosen as variables. Subsequently, age-standardized mortality rates were calculated using the World Health Organization’s standard population, in addition to total and average per death potential years of life lost. RESULTS: Mortality due to diabetes mellitus in the municipality increased during the studied period. There was a higher occurrence of female deaths, especially in the ≥ 80 years age group. The highest rates of age-standardized mortality were male. For both sexes, there was an annual mean increase of 9% in premature mortality during the studied period. Diabetes decreased life expectancy by 10 years. CONCLUSIONS: As a diagnosis of local health care, the significant increase in agestandardized mortality rates, premature mortality and potential years of life lost in the studied municipality point to the need for improvements in health promotion and disease prevention measures. It is our hope that the results presented in this study contribute to the monitoring of mortality rates in the coming years.
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Hunter, Rob. "Bringing Back Main Street in Morrisburg." Papers in Canadian Economic Development 17 (September 16, 2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/pced.v17i0.75.

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The suggestion that the Municipality of South Dundas should look at developing and implementing a Main Street Morrisburg Streetscape Project was highlighted in a recently completed report. The report was conducted under the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs’ First Impressions Community Exchange (FICE) program. The FICE report in question was provided to the Municipality of South Dundas by representatives from the Town of Gananoque in September 2016 and this project was one of the major recommended action items that was contained within it (Zandbergen, 2016).For more than half a century, the Village of Morrisburg has lacked a proper Main Street Business District. It all started back in the mid-1950’s when about a third of the Village of Morrisburg, including the Main Street area, which was the original business district was lost forever under a wall of water. This was caused by the flooding required to construct the St. Lawrence Seaway due to the need to deepen the seaway to allow larger ships to navigate the river. In the process, Lake St. Lawrence was created. Because the flooding included significant parts of Morrisburg (including the central business district) along with other entire villages like Farran’s Point and Aultsville in Eastern Ontario, Morrisburg is included in some publications as what has become known as the Lost Villages.Keywords: Streetscape, First Impressions Program, Main Street, Business District, Lost Villages
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Silveira, Thyago De Almeida, Frederico Campos Pereira, Alexandre Fonseca D'Andrea, and Francisco De Assis Salviano de Sousa. "USE OF VEGETATION INDICES TO ESTIMATE THE LIVE BIOMASS LOSS IN THE PICUÍ MUNICIPALITY." Journal of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29150/jhrs.v8.1.p1-13.

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The desertification or land degradation is a phenomenon that has been occurring in many parts of the planet. This process has been accompanied by climatic factors and socio-ecological, and in the Northeast of Brazil is considered a phenomenon resulting from human intervention over the environment. This work was proposition estimate the amount of live biomass lost in the city of Picuí - PB from the multitemporal analysis of vegetation cover using satellite images. For both GIS and Remote Sensing techniques were used, with the purpose of calculate soil degradation over the past three decades, and calculate the NDVI, SAVI and IAF vegetation index, to estimate the amount of living biomass lost over in the period studied. As a result, it was verified that the city has about 30% of its land in degradation level ranging from grave and very grave, and that the living biomass decreased by about 20% in these past three decades, coming to present about 49% of green area, and about 51% of degraded areas considered, a fact that has been proven through technical visits, which identificated that the areas are degraded by vegetal extraction of wood, mining and agriculture.
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Herrera Cortés, Silvia, Bulmaro Juárez Hernández, Victor Hugo Vázquez Guevara, and Hugo Adán Cruz Suárez. "Parametric Methodologies for Detecting Changes in Maximum Temperature of Tlaxco, Tlaxcala, México." Journal of Probability and Statistics 2019 (December 16, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3580692.

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In this paper, comparison results of parametric methodologies of change points, applied to maximum temperature records from the municipality of Tlaxco, Tlaxcala, México, are presented. Methodologies considered are likelihood ratio test, score test, and binary segmentation (BS), pruned exact linear time (PELT), and segment neighborhood (SN). In order to compare such methodologies, a quality analysis of the data was performed; in addition, lost data were estimated with linear regression, and finally, SARIMA models were adjusted.
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LAVILLA, ESTEBAN O., JOSÉ A. LANGONE, ULISSES CARAMASCHI, JOSÉ P. Jr POMBAL, and RAFAEL O. DE SÁ. "Comments on the neotype of Rana margaritifera Laurenti, 1768 (Anura, Bufonidae)." Zootaxa 4286, no. 1 (June 29, 2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4286.1.5.

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After more than two and half centuries regarding the identity of Rana margaritifera Laurenti, 1768, Lavilla et al. (2013) designated a neotype for the species. The authors did an extensive search to locate the type material of Laurenti (1768) and failed in finding the specimen in question. Consequently, they selected an adult female collected in the Municipality of Humaitá, State of Amazonas, Brazil, on 12 April 1985 and deposited in the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, MNRJ 71538. This action, was carried out to solve a specific taxonomic problem in Neotropical amphibian systematics, i.e., the type specimen considered lost and the type locality uncertain. However, this action proved to be erroneous, since the type specimen is not lost.
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Coulibaly, Brahima, and Shixiang Li. "Impact of Agricultural Land Loss on Rural Livelihoods in Peri-Urban Areas: Empirical Evidence from Sebougou, Mali." Land 9, no. 12 (November 24, 2020): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9120470.

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This study was part of a larger analysis of the framework of sustainable rural livelihoods in the face of urban sprawl in peri-urban rural areas of Mali. Contrary to the existing literature, which has mostly focused on issues of land rights in Mali due to the fact of urbanization, this study analyzed the consequences of urbanization in the city of Ségou on the major sources of livelihoods for residents in the neighboring rural municipality of Sebougou. Three villages in the municipality of Sebougou were selected due to the fact of their proximity to the city of Ségou. We interviewed 120 randomly sampled family heads using a structured questionnaire. The respondents were owners of farmlands or people who had lost their land as a result of urbanization. We analyzed the data using multi-linear and logistic regression models. The results showed that age, occupation, land size, and level of education had significant positive impacts on the farmers’ annual family income, while family size and gender exerted negative effects. Low-yield lands and youth emigration increased the likelihood of farmers losing their lands to urbanization. Conversely, land size, yearly income, and age had negative predictive effects on agrarian land loss. The results highlight the need for land management authorities to implement policies to protect agricultural land.
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T., Nalina, Ghouse Phasha, Prashanth G., and Sree Devi B. K. "Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among municipality workers in Chitradurga, South India." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 6, no. 5 (September 23, 2019): 1594. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20194225.

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Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the single largest cause for mortality and morbidity in the world. In India, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) were responsible for 53% of deaths and 44% of disability adjusted life years lost. Appropriate assessment and management of cardiovascular risk is vital to prevent fatal and non-fatal heart attacks and strokes and to improve health outcomes in individuals at high risk of cardiovascular events. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and HT are common diseases in adulthood, pre-disposing to many cardiovascular complications, posing a major public health challenge.This study aims to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, HT, smoking, alcohol intake, dyslipidaemia and obesity among Municipality workers.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between Jan 2019-June 2019 among 100 Municipality workers in Chitradurga, South India. Socio-demographic details and some of the risk factors such as alcohol intake and smoking history were obtained using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire. Blood pressure & waist circumference were measured by standard methods. Fasting blood sugar & lipid profile were measured.Results: Mean age of study participants was 38.03 years (SD ± 10.9). Out of the study subjects, 21% were known diabetic and 22% were known hypertensive. 34% of the participants had cholesterol level higher than the desirable level of 200 mg/dL. Around 72% had a history of alcohol consumption and 13% had a history of tobacco smoking during the last 1 month. The prevalence of overweight based on BMI (BMI >23) is higher among Municipality workers (56%) compared to the general population (35.4%).Conclusions: Burden of cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes and HT were high among Municipality Workers of Chitradurga.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lost municipality"

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Farfán, Tataje Edwin Zaid, Quispe Víctor Marlon Pacheco, Huamán Sandro Santillana, and Sasaki Ricardo Endo. "Deficiencias de los sistemas de seguridad en las edificaciones Caso de Estudio: Distrito de Miraflores." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625984.

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El presente trabajo de Investigación tiene como objetivo mejorar la Seguridad de las Edificaciones, en el presente caso de estudio del Distrito de Miraflores, el cual podría ser aplicable en todos los gobiernos locales al ser un tema de ámbito nacional. Las deficiencias de la seguridad de edificaciones se deben a la inadecuada supervisión e inspecciones de los profesionales (en especial el ámbito municipal – ente rector) que tienen a su cargo velar por la correcta ejecución de las obras. A fin de garantizar que los proyectos de edificación cumplan con los requisitos de seguridad requeridos, la Municipalidad debe cumplir con la Ley 29090, referida a las Supervisiones de Obra, convocando a los Profesionales Calificados por los Colegios Profesionales correspondientes por cada especialidad. El personal municipal debe estar capacitado para realizar una revisión de la presentación de expedientes previo a la recepción, verificar los requisitos mínimos que debe contener para un edificio de determinada altura, área y uso, tanto en planos como la documentación técnica necesaria, siguiendo las pautas establecidas por la Ley 29090 y su reglamento, así como las ordenanzas municipales. Como resultado se podrá garantizar obras ejecutadas de acuerdo a los Proyectos Aprobados de Licencia, con las conformidades necesarias solicitar las certificaciones de funcionamiento, ya que contarían con la opinión favorable de todas las especialidades. Con el ingreso correcto de los expedientes al inicio de cada procedimiento no se tendrían retrasos para las gestiones de cada proceso de licencia.
The objective of this research work is to improve Building Safety, in this specific case of study in the District of Miraflores, but it could be applicable in all local governments as it is a national issue. The deficiencies in the security of buildings are due to inadequate supervision and inspections by professionals (especially the municipal area - governing body) who are in charge of ensuring the proper execution of the works. In order to guarantee that the building projects comply with the mandatory safety requirements, the Municipality must comply with Law 29090, referred to the Works Supervisions, calling the Professionals Qualified by the corresponding Professional Associations for each specialty. The municipal staff must be able to carry out an examination of the presentation of files prior to the reception as such, verify the minimum requirements that a building of a certain height, area and use must possess, both in plans as well as in the technical documentation required, following the guidelines established by Law 29090 and its regulations, as well as municipal ordinances. As a result, works executed in accordance with their Planning Permits can be guaranteed, with the necessary conformities when requesting the operating certifications, since they would have the favorable opinion of all the specialists. With the correct submission of the files at the start of each procedure there would be no delays in the management of each permission process.
Trabajo de investigación
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Maughan, Samantha Jane. "Outcomes of paediatric art patients down-referred from a tertiary and a regional hospital to primary care facilities in Buffalo City Municipality, Eastern Cape." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8054.

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Master of Public Health - MPH
Background: According to the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 340 000 children between 0-14years of age are living with HIV in South Africa as of 2019. Decentralization of HIV services was included in South Africa’s paediatric guidelines since 2010 in a bid to improve access to care. The current study sought to address the paucity of Eastern Cape (EC) data on the outcomes of down-referred paediatric antiretroviral therapy (ART) patients. These outcomes included retention in care (RIC) and virological suppression after 12 months Methodology: This retrospective analysis was conducted in the Buffalo City Municipality (BCM) district of the EC. The study population included HIV positive males and females, 0-14 years of age at transfer, who were initiated on ART at a tertiary or a regional hospital and subsequently down-referred, between June 2013 and June 2017. Data were collected from electronic databases at the facilities (Tier.net), patient files and patient registers. A descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics software version 26. Results: In total, 80.1% of patients successfully down-referred to a primary healthcare (PHC) facility, in a median of 42 days. Of those, 95.4% of patients were retained in care at 6 months and 93.1% at 12 months after arrival, with a median of 4 scheduled monthly visits missed. For those with results, virological suppression was maintained in 96.7% of patients at 6 months, 92.2% at 12 months and 96.2% for the entire post-transfer period of 2-14 months. In the 2-14 months post down-referral only 76.9% of patients had at least one viral load (VL) result and 50.3% had one CD4 result. For those with results, immune response (IR) to ART was maintained in 100% of patients at 6 months, 94.3% at 12 months and 97.7% in the 2-14 month period post successful down-referral. Conclusions: This study confirmed that loss to follow-up (LTFU) and treatment interruption at the point of transfer are significant risk factors for paediatric ART patients. This study also demonstrated high levels of RIC once patients had successfully down-referred. However, missed clinic visits suggest possible treatment interruptions for many patients post down-referral. While good virological and immunological responses to ART were maintained at the PHC facilities, suboptimal VL and CD4 monitoring was highlighted by the low proportion of available results. Therefore, while there are a number of issues to address, this study confirms that down-referral is a feasible option for up-scaling paediatric HIV care in the EC.
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Larkin, Patricia M. (Patricia Marguerite) Carleton University Dissertation Geography. "The Place of small wetlands in rural country lot development; a case study in the regional municipality of Ottawa-Carleton, Ontario, Canada." Ottawa, 1996.

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Mohelník, Ladislav. "Kořeny moravské urbanistické struktury." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233261.

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The thesis has been written on the basis of main architectural concepts and their application in real life within a historical context investigation. Main architectural concepts are represented in a harmony of architectural composition that deals with relations among form, structure and space in the unique art work. Genius loci play very important role in the architectural creation - it represents a special and extra-ordinary urban locality and its architectural value in the historical, geographical and cultural context. The origin of Ostravice village within the historical frame concept of Moravia domain is the topic of this thesis. Other historical documents gave information about Bruneswerde as the Brno Castle. That means Brno Castle had to be founded not in Brno (as it has been consid-ered for many years) but it was located in Beskydy at Ostravice. The sacred city – Civitas Dei had been located in Bruneswerde region in early ages as the centre of European culture, education and spiritual life. Civitas Dei – divine Jerusalem in the transcription of St. Augustine's book De civitate Dei – is not only glorification of God and religious fantasy. It is also one of significant clues for recognition of historical architecture. The depiction of unknown settlement from the book of unde-fined origin is a superb testimony about extinct architectural works. They are legible from cadastral maps. Brno Castle - residence of nobility and power served shelter to St. Vojtěch, St. Prokop, St. Václav and St. Ludmila as it is obvious for the mentioned picture. Three major temples, three com-position axes symbolized by three towers on coins are in analogical relation to Brno triangle of four saints - the Saint family of Brno temples. Powerful ambitions of Brno City principals and clergy are inscribed into the urban structure in the way of composition relations which are legible to them who devoted themselves to the mystery of harmony. The absence of historical continuity affects personal attitudes and also identity of the whole community. The architecture truly reflects the past state of polis and it is eloquent even after its death. The architectural composition relations influence the natural environment for long time, longer than the architectural work existence. The geometric order of Renaissance Brno existence has not been in attention of architects so far. The features were discovered in characteristic paintings by Albrecht Durer. They are evidently secret works of the genius. A meaningful collaborator and follower in the extensive project was also his friend Jan Čert from Brno and lately from Vienna. His noble genealogy played a significant role in history of Silesia and Moravia for centuries. It is tendency to consider him as Austrian or even German architect. It is because of the fact that the genealogy tree of his noble family had roots in Moravia. It is supposed that Durer with Jan Čert´s support created the extraordinarily monumental architectural and urban works in Brno. A remarkable consensus in the urban composition of two squares and transition of traditional urban structure of Ostravice Civitas Dei into the modern Brno is also confirmed due to the identification of noble creators and owners, who were at the foundation, transformation and extinction of elements of the Moravian urban structure.
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Gungaparsad, Kelvin. "The adaptive reuse of lost and wasted spaces within the eThekwini Municipality : a case study of the Durban Esplanade and The Point." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/11337.

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This research study addresses the issues associated with lost and wasted urban spaces. Lost and wasted spaces refer to areas which have no human activity or proper human interaction. They are the leftover unstructured landscape at the base of buildings. They also include abandoned buildings, waterfronts, train yards, vacated military sites, and industrial complexes. The research outlines the causes of lost and wasted urban spaces which occur within the eThekwini Municipality and urbanised spaces in general. Through the use of case studies and precedent studies, the research study investigates the various techniques, technological advances and approaches that could alleviate wasted spaces in the city. The Durban Esplanade and Point Waterfront development constitute the main case study areas; however, to fully understand how and why lost and wasted spaces occur within the urban environment, various other spaces which make up the cityscape were also investigated. For example, the city transport infrastructure and green spaces do not form part of the case studies, but have been included as part of the research into lost and wasted spaces. The research study seeks to take the issue of lost and wasted urban spaces a step further by combining it with issues related to sustainability. Through the use of the case studies, various possible solutions and alternatives to the alleviation of lost and wasted urban spaces are outlined and investigated. Examples of how lost and wasted urban spaces could be transformed from problem areas to spaces of opportunity are also explored. This was achieved by making use of computer-aided design and graphic illustrations to indicate the possible solutions that could form part of a holistic approach to the issues surrounding lost and wasted spaces in the built environment. The current planning legislation is outlined in order to provide a thorough understanding of the interconnection between environmental and sustainability issues which relate directly to the cause of lost and wasted spaces. Furthermore, the research study highlights the involvement of various built environment disciplines, including planners, architects and urban designers and investigates their role in the alleviation of lost and wasted urban space.
M.T.R.P. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2012.
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Chiloane, Salome. "Assessing the effectiveness of projects aimed at reducing water loss in Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/24613.

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A research report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering
This research set out to investigate the effectiveness of water loss projects in Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality. The study thus focused on water loss eradication programme in Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality. The study was motivated by the fact that Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality is facing a serious challenge of managing water loss. Thus, the objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of projects which have been rolled out to minimise water loss. Information pertaining to the progress and performance of the twenty-three projects from Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality was collected. The information which was collected was project reports, payments certificates as well as appointment letters. Currently there is no study which has been done on the effectiveness of water loss projects in Metropolitan municipalities. However, literature on how water loss projects should be rolled out is available. Literature indicates that key areas need to be considered before embarking on a water loss reduction programme. The areas which need to be considered are system schematics, leak location and repair, pressure management, sectorising, logging and analysis of minimum night flow, bulk management meters, bulk consumer meters, domestic metering and billing, pipe replacement and repair, water balance as well as community awareness and education. Moreover, effectiveness measures of projects have been identified from literature. The results of the study show that some projects are effective whilst others are not effective. The reason behind the non-effectiveness of the projects are as a results of contractors failing to execute the projects as per the contractual agreement. The other reasons which led to project noneffectiveness were contractors not adhering to project time which always affects the project cost. The findings of the study thus trigger the question on the criteria which are used to select contractors and consultants in Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality. The manner into which the water loss projects have been rolled out, are in line with what literature suggest. However, consultants and contractors are failing the Metro. The study recommends that focus should be made in developing municipal project managers to be able to conduct proper oversight on the contractors and consultants. Over and above that, the municipality should try to pay small contractors on time to prevent project delays. Focus should also be made by the municipality to blacklist service providers who do not deliver and also to have a system in place for recovering losses from contractors and consultants who do not render good services. A review on section 33 of the Municipal Finance Management Act (no 56 of 2003) may assist in improving project performance. iv DEDICATION I dedicate this report to my parents, Busetsang and Tsuki Chiloane for always believing in me and encouraging me to study further, may the Almighty God continue to bless them abundantly. I further dedicate this report to my kids, Koketso, Kgotso and Thato, for being such a wonderful inspiration to me.
GR2018
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Setati, Matlou Caiphus. "English as a language of learning and teaching science in rural secondary schools : a study of the Vlakfontein circuit in Limpopo." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/5785.

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The growing diversity of school populations around the world means that for many learners the language of learning in mainstream classrooms is not their first language. The researcher would submit that content-based second language learning in a context such as a Science classroom is considered advantageous as it enables the learner to manipulate a target language such as English in a way which is meaningful. However, Science learners who have yet to achieve communicative competence in English are disadvantaged when it comes to developing a deep understanding of scientific concepts. Many mainstream Science educators have concerns about this significant group of learners who can be left on the periphery of the class to cope as best as they can. Very often educators aim to meet the needs of English Second Language (ESL) learners without any specific knowledge of the strategies which would enhance learning and ensure that learning environments encourage participation and interaction. The learners themselves have not only to deal with language and sociocultural issues but must face the cognitive demands of Science including negotiating its specialized language. The aim of this study was to investigate how the use of English as a language of learning and teaching Science in rural secondary schools in the Vlakfontein Circuit of the Limpopo Capricorn District, influenced the ability of Grade 8 students to learn Science. The focus was on the Grade 8 classes since they are at the threshold of their educational pursuit. The study had two main purposes. The first goal was to describe the current situation with respect to rural secondary school learners and their educators in selected learning environments in Vlakfontein Circuit. The second goal was to bring about improvement in the learners’ situations by employing specifically designed interventions. The study had three focal areas: the language; the teaching and learning environment; and the ESL learner. The investigation was conducted in disadvantaged rural secondary schools in the Vlakfontein Circuit in the Limpopo province. Observations of the Science classes revealed that, even for the learners with very limited English language proficiency there was little ESL specialist support available. The data analyzed was collected using a variety of data collection tools. The main data generation tools were observation, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The analysis revealed that learners were lacking in Science register (terminology). This study also found out that non-technical language used in Science lessons affected the learners’ understanding much more than the educators were aware. Educators’ attitudes and beliefs strongly influenced the interaction and participation of ESL learners in Science classrooms. The study also revealed that developing language skills prevented ESL learners from asking questions and answering questions in class and academic progress in Science was impeded by limited opportunities for ESL learners to clarify their understanding. Further, the investigation established that achievement in Science and in education overall was affected by assessment instruments which were infused with specific linguistic or cultural knowledge. The study arrived at a conclusion that the needs of the research students could not be met by a programme based on the traditional format of ESP teaching. Hence, the researcher has recommended a Science Based English Programme (SBEP) which encapsulates several adjustments in orientation methods and materials to meet the ESL learners’ needs. This kind of learning-centred arrangement will allow not only efficiency of SBEP instruction but also allow the kinds of activities that may not be possible in groups with a wide dispersion of interests. However, the extent to which the research learners encountered difficulties with vocabulary suggests that there is a need to investigate more effective methods of dealing with this issue. Needed research could also be directed into the development of a Science glossary with appropriate language levels for ESL learners. This could include technical scientific terms with examples of how terms can be used.From the outcome of the interviews with educators, it is evident that further research is needed concerning the educators’ English proficiency and Science competence in ESL situations.
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Setati, Matlou Caiphus. "English as a language of learning and teaching science in rural secondry schools : a study of the Vlakfontein circuit in Limpopo." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/5785.

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The growing diversity of school populations around the world means that for many learners the language of learning in mainstream classrooms is not their first language. The researcher would submit that content-based second language learning in a context such as a Science classroom is considered advantageous as it enables the learner to manipulate a target language such as English in a way which is meaningful. However, Science learners who have yet to achieve communicative competence in English are disadvantaged when it comes to developing a deep understanding of scientific concepts. Many mainstream Science educators have concerns about this significant group of learners who can be left on the periphery of the class to cope as best as they can. Very often educators aim to meet the needs of English Second Language (ESL) learners without any specific knowledge of the strategies which would enhance learning and ensure that learning environments encourage participation and interaction. The learners themselves have not only to deal with language and sociocultural issues but must face the cognitive demands of Science including negotiating its specialized language. The aim of this study was to investigate how the use of English as a language of learning and teaching Science in rural secondary schools in the Vlakfontein Circuit of the Limpopo Capricorn District, influenced the ability of Grade 8 students to learn Science. The focus was on the Grade 8 classes since they are at the threshold of their educational pursuit. The study had two main purposes. The first goal was to describe the current situation with respect to rural secondary school learners and their educators in selected learning environments in Vlakfontein Circuit. The second goal was to bring about improvement in the learners’ situations by employing specifically designed interventions. The study had three focal areas: the language; the teaching and learning environment; and the ESL learner. The investigation was conducted in disadvantaged rural secondary schools in the Vlakfontein Circuit in the Limpopo province. Observations of the Science classes revealed that, even for the learners with very limited English language proficiency there was little ESL specialist support available. The data analyzed was collected using a variety of data collection tools. The main data generation tools were observation, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The analysis revealed that learners were lacking in Science register (terminology). This study also found out that non-technical language used in Science lessons affected the learners’ understanding much more than the educators were aware. Educators’ attitudes and beliefs strongly influenced the interaction and participation of ESL learners in Science classrooms. The study also revealed that developing language skills prevented ESL learners from asking questions and answering questions in class and academic progress in Science was impeded by limited opportunities for ESL learners to clarify their understanding. Further, the investigation established that achievement in Science and in education overall was affected by assessment instruments which were infused with specific linguistic or cultural knowledge. The study arrived at a conclusion that the needs of the research students could not be met by a programme based on the traditional format of ESP teaching. Hence, the researcher has recommended a Science Based English Programme (SBEP) which encapsulates several adjustments in orientation methods and materials to meet the ESL learners’ needs. This kind of learning-centred arrangement will allow not only efficiency of SBEP instruction but also allow the kinds of activities that may not be possible in groups with a wide dispersion of interests. However, the extent to which the research learners encountered difficulties with vocabulary suggests that there is a need to investigate more effective methods of dealing with this issue. Needed research could also be directed into the development of a Science glossary with appropriate language levels for ESL learners. This could include technical scientific terms with examples of how terms can be used.From the outcome of the interviews with educators, it is evident that further research is needed concerning the educators’ English proficiency and Science competence in ESL situations.
Teacher Education
D. Ed. (Didactics)
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Books on the topic "Lost municipality"

1

Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. The inclusion of made-to-convert lots in a new plan of subdivision : Department of Planning and Development, City of London, Ontario : [case study] =: Intégration de terrains réservés aux logements polyvalents dans un nouveau lotissement : Département de l'urbanisme et de l'aménagement, Municipalité de London, Ontario : [étude de cas]. Ottawa, Ont: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation = Société canadienne d'hypothèques et de logement, 1996.

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Board, Ontario Environmental Assessment. In the matter of appeals by the Niagara Escarpment Commission from three decisions of the Regional Municipality of Halton Land Division Committee whereby the committee granted three applications for severance by Del Nin Holdings Limited on lands comprised of part of Lot 14, Concession 1 N.S. in the Town of Milton. S.l: s.n, 1988.

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Board, Ontario Environmental Assessment. In the matter of an appeal by the Niagara Escarpment Commission from a decision of the Regional Municipality of Niagara Land Division Committee whereby the Committee granted an application for severance by Peter and Katie Neufeld on lands comprised of part of Lot 7, Concession 5 in the Town of Lincoln. S.l: s.n, 1988.

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Board, Ontario Environmental Assessment. In the matter of an appeal by the Niagara Escarpment Commission from a decision of the Regional Municipality of Niagara Land Division Committee whereby the Committee granted an application for severance by Hendrik and Elly Zuidersma on lands comprised of part of Lot 18, Concession 6 in the Town of Lincoln. S.l: s.n, 1988.

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Board, Ontario Environmental Assessment. In the matter of appeals by the Niagara Escarpment Commission from three decisions of the Regional Municipality of Halton Land Division Committee whereby the Committee granted three applications by Cyril Zovko to sever three parcels on lands comprised of part of Lot 3, Concession 3 in the Town of Milton. S.l: s.n, 1988.

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Board, Ontario Environmental Assessment. Decision on motions brought before the Joint Board on June 1, 1992 in the matter of a proposal by Reclamation Systems Inc. (RSI), to establish, operate and close a solid waste disposal site in the Acton Quarry, owned by United Aggregates Limited and located on lands described as Part of Lot 23, Concession 3, and Parts of Lots 23 and 24, Concession 4, Town of Halton Hills, in the Regional Municipality of Halton, before Mary G. Munro, S. Wilson Lee, James G. Robb, dated at Toronto this 16th day of September, 1992. Toronto, Ont: Environmental Assessment Board, 1992.

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Board, Ontario Environmental Assessment. In the matter of appeals by Anton Skok from decisions of the Regional Municipality of Halton Land Division Committee and the Niagara Escarpment Commission whereby the applications for a severance and a development permit on lands comprised of Part of the West Half of Lot 28, Concession 7, in the Town of Halton Hills were denied: Reasons for decision delivered orally November 25, 1988 and decision of the Board dated February 23, 1989. S.l: s.n, 1989.

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Board, Ontario Environmental Assessment. In the matter of appeals by Rudy Vandenberg from decisions of the Regional Municipality of Halton Land Division Committee and the Niagara Escarpment Commission whereby applications for a severance and a development permit to construct a single-family dwelling on lands comprised of part of the west half of Lot 28, Concession 7 in the Town of Halton Hills were discussed: Reasons for decision delivered orally July 25, 1988 and Decision of the Board dated September 23, 1988. S.l: s.n, 1988.

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Board, Ontario Environmental Assessment. In the matter of appeals by Douglas and Beryl Leiterman from decisions of the Regional Municipality of Halton Land Division Committee and the Niagara Escarpment Commission whereby the applications for a severance and a development permit to construct asingle-family dwelling on lands comprised of part of the west half of Lot 2, jConcession 5, in the Town of Milton were denied: Reasons for decision delivered orally November 9, 1988 and Decision of the Board dated December 30, 1988. S.l: s.n, 1988.

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Board, Ontario Environmental Assessment. Percival/Imrie decision and reasons for decision : in the matter of two related appeals concerning severance and construction along the Niagara Escarpment, the first appeal is by the Niagara Escarpment Commission from a decision of the Regional Municipality of Peel, Land Division Committee, in which the Committee granted, upon conditions, an application by Marion Percival to sever a parcel of land for residential use and to retain the remaining land of Northeast Part Lot 7, Concession 4, E.H.S., Town of Caledon, for residential use: The second appeal is by John David Imrie from a decision of the Niagara Escarpment Commission, whereby the Commission refused an application to construct a single family dwelling, including an attached garage, septic system, and driveway on the severed lot : dated at Toronto this 14th day of February, 1992. Toronto, Ont: Environmental Assessment Board, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lost municipality"

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Gizzi, Stefano. "The City of L’Aquila after the 2009 Earthquake: Review of Connections between Depopulation, Identity and Continuity." In Demographic Analysis - Selected Concepts, Tools, and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96537.

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The chapter wants to take into consideration the progressive loss of identity and authenticity of the city of L’Aquila, located in the Abruzzi region of central Italy about a hundred kilometers east of Rome, after the earthquake of 2009. Described as “a small Florence of the Italian Renaissance”, L’Aquila is nestled in a basin surrounded by mountains, with what was a fully recognizable identity until the devastating earthquake which took place on April 6, 2009, the night after Palm Sunday. After those violent seismic shocks, repeated in 2016 and 2017, there was a progressive demographic depopulation, since the historic center of the capital and that of the hamlets have been closed and declared a “red zone”. The population, especially the younger ones, no longer recognizes themselves in their place of origin, and many people have preferred to leave. Authenticity, both material and formal (of the urban form) is also increasingly diminishing. Today the image of the city, which had been handed down over centuries, is lost. Immediately after the 2009 earthquake the city was closed and barred, preventing residents from remaining in their homes, even in the less damaged ones. The historic center was isolated and emptied, occupied by the military forces and the Fire Brigade. Contrary to any common sense, instead of immediately carrying out consolidation and restoration work (especially with regards to the more characteristic minor structures), it was decided to begin with long and expensive shoring and scaffolding installations. A forest of props and tie rods that secure the walls and draw imaginative and imposing patterns, thus postponing sine die urgent works. With the forced expulsion of the inhabitants which has now lasted for nearly seven years, the younger generation particularly, is showing (perhaps unconsciously) more and more indifference and detachment from their roots in the historic center. As time passes social and economic interest (as well as those of identity) in returning to their past houses fade. They prefer to pass time elsewhere, either in the suburbs where anonymous shopping centers have mushroomed, or in other cities (in some aspects this has been favored by the possibility of obtaining funds for the purchase of houses outside the municipality). This is why one can speak of a double loss of identity and continuity. The topic should, therefore, be approached from a twofold point of view: identity and continuity. Identity meaning that which transmits the original model and characteristic of place and the inhabitants; and continuity meaning that which allows you to remain permanently in the same place with a stable dwelling. We also find a dual meaning in lasting continuity; the people (inhabitants), and the space and form of architecture. Identity and continuity are also reflected in lifestyle, as well as in details, materials, colors and common feelings. A ‘sentimental heritage’ as well as a material one, which is now lost. There is, therefore, a twin theme: that of the continuation of archetypes, and that of housing models in which the population recognizes itself. Today in L’Aquila, identity has disappeared. The inhabitants no longer appear as protagonists, but are reduced to extras, to mute actors against the backdrop of an incomprehensible scene. Even if the search for a lost identity and continuity may now seem an unreal or utopian goal, it should have been the opposite; they should have been the priority and gone hand in hand with the reconstruction. At the end, the various restoration and reconstruction criteria for the survival of what remains of the city will also be examined.
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Galster, George. "Detroit’s bankruptcy: treating the symptom, not the cause." In Why Detroit Matters. Policy Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447327868.003.0002.

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In 2013 Detroit became the largest municipality to declare bankruptcy. Unfortunately, bankruptcy does not treat the long-term cause of Detroit’s financial crisis: the ongoing fiscal death spiral triggered by loss of industrial, commercial and residential tax base starting in the 1950s. The first loss came from manufacturers who abandoned older factories in the city in favor of suburban locations. The second came from the federal government, whose guarantees for FHA-VA mortgages and subsidies for expressway construction spurred suburbanization of Detroit’s (overwhelmingly white) middle class. Detroit trimmed services and raised tax rates in response. But this made it an increasingly uncompetitive location, thereby further contracting its property and income tax bases, forcing still more cuts in services and increases in tax rates. What is required to break out of the fiscal death spiral in which Detroit finds itself is substantially more federal and state revenue sharing and regional growth management.
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Horta, Marise Barreiros, Maria Inês Cabral, Iva Pires, Laura Salles Bachi, Ana Luz, Geraldo Wilson Fernandes, Maria Auxiliadora Drumond, and Sónia Carvalho-Ribeiro. "Assessing Urban Ecosystem Services." In Handbook of Research on Methods and Tools for Assessing Cultural Landscape Adaptation, 183–220. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4186-8.ch008.

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By integrating social, ecological, and economic perspectives, the assessment of ecosystem services (ES) provides valuable information for better targeting landscape planning and governance. This chapter summarizes different participatory approaches for assessing ES in urban areas of three countries. In Belo Horizonte (Brazil), a conceptual framework for the vacant lots ES assessment is presented as an attempt to integrate landscape, social, and political dimensions. In Leipzig (Germany), a combination of site surveys, interviews, and remote sensing provides a valuable data set that fostered a comparative study between two forms of urban gardening. In Lisbon (Portugal), the study is based on interviews that offer a social insight into the horticultural parks situation, which in turn demands a better dialogue with the municipality. In general, the studies demonstrate the potential benefits of utilizing the ES assessment approaches on urban landscapes, especially for better understanding the interactions between people and nature in urban sites.
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Horta, Marise Barreiros, Maria Inês Cabral, Iva Pires, Laura Salles Bachi, Ana Luz, Geraldo Wilson Fernandes, Maria Auxiliadora Drumond, and Sónia Carvalho-Ribeiro. "Assessing Urban Ecosystem Services." In Developing Eco-Cities Through Policy, Planning, and Innovation, 312–59. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0441-3.ch012.

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By integrating social, ecological, and economic perspectives, the assessment of ecosystem services (ES) provides valuable information for better targeting landscape planning and governance. This chapter summarizes different participatory approaches for assessing ES in urban areas of three countries. In Belo Horizonte (Brazil), a conceptual framework for the vacant lots ES assessment is presented as an attempt to integrate landscape, social, and political dimensions. In Leipzig (Germany), a combination of site surveys, interviews, and remote sensing provides a valuable data set that fostered a comparative study between two forms of urban gardening. In Lisbon (Portugal), the study is based on interviews that offer a social insight into the horticultural parks situation, which in turn demands a better dialogue with the municipality. In general, the studies demonstrate the potential benefits of utilizing the ES assessment approaches on urban landscapes, especially for better understanding the interactions between people and nature in urban sites.
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Sousa, Pedro, José Costa, and Vitor Manso. "Practical Approach for Data Breach Cases in ERP Systems." In Organizational, Legal, and Technological Dimensions of Information System Administration, 270–81. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4526-4.ch015.

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This chapter is based on a case study scenario where a major data breach happens in one institution of public sector, a municipality, in Portugal. The focus of this chapter is to explain the gap between software development and security specialists because these are two fields of information and technology with specialized staff, but they do not work together. Quality Software may increase if these two fields work together and all specialists work for a good end product. At the other extreme are organizations with security problems because the software is bad in the security field, and these organizations do not have mechanisms that help internal teams in case of security incidents. If security is not a concern when companies are developing software, the security specialists have a lot of problems when trying to audit the system.
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Conference papers on the topic "Lost municipality"

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Mekić, Cvijan, and Milivoje Ćosić. "IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE TOURIST OFFER AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF KUČEVO." In The Sixth International Scientific Conference - TOURISM CHALLENGES AMID COVID-19, Thematic Proceedings. FACULTY OF HOTEL MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM IN VRNJAČKA BANJA UNIVERSITY OF KRAGUJEVAC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52370/tisc21127cm.

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The corona virus pandemic has imperilled tourist destinations around the world, completely disrupting all types of traffic and border traffic. The global corona virus pandemic has brought with it major changes in trade, industry, agriculture and transportation. The negative effect of the pandemic on agriculture is reflected in the loss of the market. Tourism and catering are affected first, as arrangements are canceled and people go out to restaurants less. The next important branch that got affected is industry due to supply chain disruption. Economic activity has pretty much stalled in many sectors, and yet agriculture and food production are mentioned as saviors of national economies. The maxim is known as "there is no stable state without a consistent agrarian policy and a developed agricultural sector". Tourism is an important activity that is seriously counted on in the municipality of Kučevo. The festival of original folk art "Homoljski motivi" is organized in the municipality, moreover, at the territory of the municipality we can find the gold-bearing river Pek and the attractive caves Ceremošnja and Ravništarka. They are tourist content by which the municipality of Kučevo has long been recognizable. The absence of tourist activity on the territory of the municipality of Kučevo affected the reduction of the tourist offer, such as the preparation of traditional food using local products, which all has a negative impact on agricultural production, primarily livestock products.
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Stokmane, Maija, and Raimonds Ernsteins. "Municipal coastal governance system development: Triple governance dimensions principle." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.021.

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Integrated coastal governance (ICG) is becoming increasingly important nowadays, since the problems at coastal territories are continuously growing. The coastal zone, however, is a complex socio-ecological system which is extremely difficult to govern because it is very dynamic territory that is also very sensitive to various anthropogenic influences, as well as a lot of conflicts of interest occur there. Coastal area is characterized by a unique and diverse natural and cultural heritage as is the case with Jurmala municipality in Latvia. An integrated approach is important in the governance of such a complex socio-ecological system, but disciplinary/branch approaches are also necessary. The aim of the research was to study and evaluate the complex situation of the coastal governance at the local level, as well as to develop policy proposals for the chosen target territory – Jurmala municipality – and its main target groups. These studies included the analysis of the legislative acts and planning documents, interviews with all the main target groups in the municipality, observation studies, as well as the initial assessment of the coastal governance situation in the Jurmala municipality by using the model of three environmental governance dimensions: (1) coastal governance sectors; (2) coastal governance segments (stakeholders); and (3) coastal governance instruments.
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PERKUMIENĖ, Dalia, Rasa MERKIENĖ, and Ozgur OGUZ. "PROVISION OF EQUAL RIGHTS AND OPPORTUNITIES RELATING WITH LABOUR RELATIONS IN PUBLIC SECTOR." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.125.

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Human rights are one of the most popular topics in modern global communities. Therefore, the adoption of the Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Equal Opportunities and the establishment of the institution that governs the execution of this law is a significant legal step which permits to actually ensure the compliance of one of the most fundamental rights of the individual, i.e. non-discrimination on the basis of gender. Equality, being one of the fundamental principles of human rights, is governed by international contracts and legal acts of the Republic of Lithuania. The results of the questionnaires permit to claim that the administration of Kaunas district municipality pays too little attention to the provision of the information about the Law on Equal Opportunities of the Republic of Lithuania and amendments where of to the employees of Kaunas district municipality. Thus there are a lot of problems related to the provision of equal opportunities to the employees at work.
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Arizpe, O., J. Fermán, R. Rivera, J. Ramírez, and R. Rodríguez. "Evaluation and land use planning process of a high population growth rate municipality: Los Cabos, Mexico." In ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eeia080091.

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Gielen, Eric, Yaiza Pérez Alonso, José Sergio Palencia Jiménez, and Asenet Sosa Espinosa. "Urban sprawl and citizen participation. A case study in the municipality of La Pobla de Vallbona (Valencia)." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6154.

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The accelerated urban growth of the last decades in Europe has caused, especially in the Spanish Mediterranean coast, a paradigm shift in much cities, moving from a mostly compact urban form to a more diffuse one. The concept of city has changed so much that even in a lot of dispersed municipalities, it becomes difficult to define its limits. This change implies not only ecological and economic impacts, but also, social effects. Urban sprawl makes difficult social interaction and reduces the community feeling, and therefore, social cohesion and identity. This produces also changes in the relations of citizens between them and with the city council. The research propounds a discussion about the challenges that the urban sprawl causes for the application of participative models in the decision making, understanding them as basic criterion of good government. We analyze a case study to extract the complexity of articulating processes of citizen participation in territory with high dispersion based on a project carried out in the municipality of La Pobla de Vallbona (Valencia) on participatory budgets. It analyzes the results of the process carried out in relation to the urban model, the morphology of their urban pieces and spatial structure, and the demographic and social characteristics of the municipality. The question is identifying the problematic for the articulation of participative processes in territories with this idiosyncrasy. Finally, the article suggests a series of strategic lines as starting points to achieve participatory processes in the city characterized by urban sprawl.
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Mikova, Rositza. "TRENDS AND PECULIARITIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BIRTH RATE IN THE RURAL AREAS OF SOUTH CENTRAL BULGARIA." In AGRIBUSINESS AND RURAL AREAS - ECONOMY, INNOVATION AND GROWTH 2021. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/ara2021.231.

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Regarding the negative trends in the birth rate, South Central Bulgaria is no exception. The decrease in the birth rate in this part of the country, especially in the period 2011-2020, is a result of the economic crisis and its impact on the living standards of the population. In recent years, the value orientations of the population have changed a lot. Women of all ethnic and religious groups in the region demonstrate a new type of reproductive behavior. The age structure has deteriorated and the fertile contingents have significantly decreased. Each municipality has already adopted the model of simple reproduction of the population. In South Central Bulgaria, favorable conditions for stable demographic development no longer exist.
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Esteve, Ramón. "Refugio en la Viña. *** Cottage in the vineyard." In 8º Congreso Internacional de Arquitectura Blanca - CIAB 8. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ciab8.2018.7492.

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Refugio en La Viña está ubicada en el término municipal de Fontanars, a las afueras del casco urbano, en una zona de grandes extensiones de cultivo. El proyecto busca la máxima integración paisajística y medioambiental, debido a su localización fronteriza entre una zona de pinada y los campos de vid de la nca, diluyéndose prácticamente en la vegetación. A ello contribuye la decisión de desarrollar todo el programa en una sola planta, además de la materialidad elegida, que aporta tonalidades coherentes con el lugar.***The house is located in the municipality of Fontanars, on the outskirts of the village surrounded by large acreage. The project seeks the maximum environmental and landscape integration because of its border location between a zone of pine forests and the grapevine fields, being practically diluted in the vegetation. This contributes the decision to develop the entire program in a single floor, in addition to the material chosen, which provides shade consistent with the place.
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8

Iborra Pallarés, Vicente, and Francisco Zaragoza Saura. "Altea Urban Project: An academic approach to the transformation of a coastal Spanish touristic city based on the improvement of the public space." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5990.

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Vicente Iborra Pallarés¹, Francisco Zaragoza Saura2 ¹Building Sciences and Urbanism Department. University of Alicante. Alicante. Politécnica IV, módulo III, 1ª planta. Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n. 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig ²Concejalía de Urbanismo, Ayuntamiento de Altea. Plaza José María Planelles, 1. 03590 Altea E-mail: vicente.iborra@ua.es, zaragozasaura@gmail.com Keywords (3-5): Public space, historical urban evolution, tourism phenomena, urbanistic project, educational experience Conference topics and scale: City transformations The town of Altea (Alicante, Spain) has an important urban center that has historically been characterized by two contrasting situations: on one hand, the settlements located on the seaside elevations (Bellaguarda and the Renaissance Bastion) linked to the agricultural uses of the fertile valleys of the rivers Algar and els Arcs, and on the other hand the coastal developments, originally fishery, but nowadays with touristic uses on the maritime front. All these elements configure an urban nucleus that, due to its urban, architectural and landscape qualities, gives rise to one of the main tourist attractions of the region. However, the area described nowadays presents an important problem related to the use and habitability of public space, which is invaded by the presence of the private vehicle, even along the seaside, due to its touristic relevance. This article presents the results of an academic experience developed to study different possibilities of urban transformations for the municipality of Altea, taking as a project site the urban vacuum still conserved between the two situations previously described: the historical areas on the coastal elevations (Dalt) and new urban developments parallel to the seaside (Baix). This academic activity, performed by nearly 50 students from the University of Alicante, was developed in the context of the design course Urbanism 5 during the academic year 2015-16, thanks to the agreement signed between the Municipality of Altea and the University of Alicante. References (100 words) Busquets, J. and Correa, F. (2006) Cities X lines: a new lens for the Urbanistic Project (Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge). Europan Europe (2016) Project and processes (http://www.europan-europe.eu/en/project-and-processes/) accessed January-May 2016. Fernández Per, A. and Mozas, J. (2010) Strategy public (a+t ediciones, Vitoria-Gasteiz). Gehl, J. (2006) La humanización del espacio urbano: la vida social entre los edificios (Reverté, Barcelona). Koolhaas, R. (1995) S, M, L, XL (The Monacelli Press, New York). Lynch, K. (1960) The Image of the City (The Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, Cambridge). Rebois, D. (ed.) (2014) Europan 12 results. The adaptable city /1 (Europan Europe, Paris).
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