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Journal articles on the topic 'Low angle fibre diffraction'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

James, Veronica. "A Review of Low Angle Fibre Diffraction in the Diagnosis of Disease." British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research 3, no. 2 (2013): 383–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2013/2432.

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2

Holmes, K. C., and G. Rosenbaum. "How X-ray Diffraction with Synchrotron Radiation Got Started." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 5, no. 3 (1998): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049597018578.

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The need to record low-angle-scattering X-ray fibre diagrams from muscle with millisecond time resolution drove the use of synchrotron radiation as an X-ray light source. The first smudgy diffraction patterns were obtained from a slice of insect flight muscle. Out of this grew the EMBL Outstation at DESY.

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3

Starink, Marco J., Shun Cai Wang, Nong Gao, H. Singh Ubhi, Cheng Xu, and Terence G. Langdon. "An EBSD Study of Texture and Grain Boundary Evolution in a Strongly Textured Aluminium Alloy during ECA Pressing." Materials Science Forum 503-504 (January 2006): 937–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.503-504.937.

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The texture and grain boundary evolution during equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) of a spray-cast Al-7034 (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) alloy containing intermetallic particles with a range of sizes was studied through electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Up to 8 passes of ECAP using route Bc were employed. The initial ECAP pass leads to the development of low angle grain boundaries and subsequent passes lead to a relatively rapid increase in the fraction of high angle grain boundaries. Before ECAP, the material possessed a strong <111> and <100> fibre texture. On ECAP, the <111> fib

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4

James, Veronica. "The Molecular Architecture for the Intermediate Filaments of Hardα-Keratin Based on the Superlattice Data Obtained from a Study of Mammals Using Synchrotron Fibre Diffraction". Biochemistry Research International 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/198325.

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High- and low-angle X-ray diffraction studies of hardα-keratin have been studied, and various models have been proposed over the last 70 years. Most of these studies have been confined to one or two forms of alpha keratin. This high- and low-angle synchrotron fibre diffraction study extends the study to cover all available data for all known forms of hardα-keratin including hairs, fingernails, hooves, horn, and quills from mammals, marsupials, and a monotreme, and it confirms that the model proposed is universally acceptable for all mammals. A complete Bragg analysis of the meridional diffract

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5

Sahoo, M., B. Mallick, S. Rout, and G. N. Dash. "Structural and Mechanical Strength of Proton Radiation Processed Polyethylene Terephthalate." Journal of Scientific Research 12, no. 1 (2020): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v12i1.43168.

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The change in structural and mechanical behavior of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) due to 2.4 MeV proton has been studied. Radiation processing of PET polymer is carried out using different low doses such as 0.2, 2.0, and 20 kGy. The Physics of microstrain and radiation-induced mesophase formation are analysed. X-ray investigation indicates that proton-induced structural modification takes place in the material. Apart from usual diffraction peaks, a low intensity broad peak is observed at small angle of about 2q =10º, when the fibre axis is mounted parallel to the X-ray direction. Such peak

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6

Díaz-Fuentes, M., E. Novillo, Amaia Iza-Mendia, and Isabel Gutiérrez. "Cold Rolled Microstructure and Its Evolution during Recovery and First Recrystallisation Stages in Low Carbon Steels." Materials Science Forum 467-470 (October 2004): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.467-470.241.

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During annealing of cold rolled steel sheets, the evolution of the texture, to produce the characteristic texture of a recrystallised material, depends on a series of factors, including the starting deformation texture, composition and processing conditions. In the present work, electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) techniques have been used to investigate the deformation substructures being developed by cold rolling into grains belonging to different texture components. The strain localisation, the deformation banding, the spread in orientation into grains with different orientations are

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7

AL-Khayat, Hind. "Modelling Oriented Macromolecular Assemblies from Low-Angle X-ray Fibre Diffraction Data with the Program MOVIE: Insect Flight Muscle as Example." Fibre Diffraction Review 12, no. 12 (2004): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1382/s20041250.

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8

Washusen, R., P. Ades, R. Evans, J. Ilic, and P. Vinden. "Relationships between Density, Shrinkage, Extractives Content and Microfibril Angle in Tension Wood from Three Provenances of 10-Year-Old Eucalyptus globulus Labill." Holzforschung 55, no. 2 (2001): 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2001.029.

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Summary Density and microfibril angle (MFA) of tension wood and normal wood were assessed in the sapwood and heartwood, from three provenanaces of 10-year-old Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Density was measured using a modified saturation method that also enabled the calculation of the extractives lost during saturation. Microdensity and MFA were determined by SilviScan 2, a rapid X-ray densitometry and X-ray diffraction system developed at CSIRO. Significant differences were found in density and extractives between provenances and also density between the sapwood and adjacent heartwood from each

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9

Janicki, Jaroslaw. "Time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering and wide-angle X-ray diffraction studies on the nanostructure of melt-processable molecular composites." Journal of Applied Crystallography 36, no. 4 (2003): 986–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889803008495.

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Novel melt-processable molecular composites were obtained from isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and liquid-crystalline oligoester (LCO). The nanostructure and thermal behaviour of molecular composites were examined by real-time synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering and wide-angle X-ray diffraction methods, and differential scanning calorimetry. The synthesized oligoester, with low melting temperature (391 K), exhibits the ability to form a thermotropic mesophase. It was shown that strong rigid rod-like macromolecules of LCO are dispersed at the molecular scale in iPP matrix and act as reinforc

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10

Squire, John M., Carlo Knupp, Hind A. AL-Khayat, and J. Harford. "Millisecond Time-Resolved Low-angle X-ray Fibre Diffraction: A Powerful, High-Sensitivity Technique for Modelling Real-Time Movements in Biological Macromolecular Assemblies." Fibre Diffraction Review 11, no. 11 (2003): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1382/s20031128.

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11

Torbet, J. "Fibrin assembly after fibrinopeptide A release in model systems and human plasma studied with magnetic birefringence." Biochemical Journal 244, no. 3 (1987): 633–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2440633.

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Magnetically induced birefringence was used to monitor fibrin polymerization after the release of the small negatively charged A fibrinopeptides from human fibrinogen by the action of the snake-venom-derived enzymes reptilase and ancrod. A range of conditions was investigated. Fibrin polymerization in solutions of purified fibrinogen shows a distinct break near the gelation point. On addition of Ca2+ or albumin the lag period is shortened, fibre thickness is increased and the break in assembly almost vanishes, probably because both of these additives promote lateral aggregation. There are mino

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12

Wang, Zhi Fen, Rong Dong Han, Shun Bing Zhou, Zhong Hai Yao, and Li Xin Wu. "Effect of Annealing Time on the Microstructure and Texture of Interstitial Free Steel." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 593–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.593.

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Effect of annealing time on the microstructure and texture of IF steel sheets was investigated. Average grain size, grain boundary character and recrystallization texture were measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) in order to clarify the effect of annealing time on microstructure of recrystallization process. The average grain size increased with increasing annealing time. With rising annealing time, the number of low angle boundary (0～15o) decreased due to the mergence of grain with sub-boundary. The //ND (-fiber) pole intensity had a highest value a

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13

LIU Fangde, ZHAO Feifan, LI Yunda, et al. "Experimental study of TeO<sub>2</sub> anomalous acousto-optic deflector for manipulating neutral atom arrays." Acta Physica Sinica 74, no. 16 (2025): 0. https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.74.20250218.

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Neutral atom arrays have emerged as one of the most promising physical platforms for quantum computing and quantum information processing due to their precise single-atom control and tunable strong interactions. The acousto-optic deflector (AOD) is a key device for constructing and manipulating neutral atom arrays, enabling rapid and high-precision atom trapping and arrangement. However, TeO<sub>2</sub>-based anomalous Bragg AODs still face challenges in practical applications, such as unclear broadband diffraction conditions, polarization sensitivity, and low efficiency, which lim

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14

Jin, Xiangyu, Lu Lu, Haibo Wu, Qinfei Ke, and Hong Wang. "Duck Feather/Nonwoven Composite Fabrics for Removing Metals Present in Textile Dyeing Effluents." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 8, no. 3 (2013): 155892501300800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501300800311.

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In this paper, duck feather fiber was treated by alkaline solution first, then its Cu2+ sorption capacity was tested, and the sorption mechanism was studied by utilizing infrared spectrum (FTIR) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD). Moreover, desorption properties of the treated duck feather fiber were investigated in order to exploit it as a recycled industrial effluent treatment material. Finally, the duck feather fiber was air-laid and thermal-bonded into a composite nonwoven fabric by adding bicomponent low melt PE/PP binder fiber. It was found that the alkaline treated duck feather/bico

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15

Wang, Hong, Qi Ren, Xiang Yu Jin, and Hai Bo Wu. "Duck Feather Nonwoven Fabrics for Textile Dying Effluent." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 1885–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.1885.

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In this paper, duck feather fiber was treated by alkaline solution first, then its Cu2+ sorption capacity was tested and the sorption mechanism was studied by utilizing infrared spectrum (FTIR) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD). Moreover, desorption properties of the treated duck feather fiber were investigated in order to exploit it as a recycled industrial effluent treatment material. At last, duck feather fiber was air-laid and thermal-bonded into a kind of composite nonwoven fabric by adding bicomponent low melt PE/PP fiber as binder fiber. It is found that duck feather/bicomponent PE

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16

Kim, Youngin, Hyeonho Yoon, Jong-Bum You, Minchul Kim, and Hyo-Hoon Park. "Wide-Angle Beam-Steering Using an Optical Phased Array with Non-Uniform-Width Waveguide Radiators." Photonics 7, no. 3 (2020): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics7030056.

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We demonstrate wide-angle beam-steering using an optical phased array (OPA) with waveguide radiators designed with non-uniform widths to reduce the crosstalk between waveguides. The OPA consists of a silicon based 1 × 16 array of electro-optic phase shifters and end-fire radiators. The 16 radiators were configured with four different widths and a half-wavelength spacing, which can remove the higher-order diffraction patterns in free space. The waveguides showed a low crosstalk of −10.2 dB at a wavelength of 1540 nm. With phase control, the OPA achieved wide beam-steering of over ±80° with a si

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17

Tokuda, Tomoki, Ryo Tsuruda, Takuya Hara, et al. "Structure and Properties of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Fiber Webs Prepared via Laser-Electrospinning and Subsequent Annealing Processes." Materials 13, no. 24 (2020): 5783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13245783.

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Melt-electrospinning is an eco-friendly method for producing ultra-fine fibers without using any solvent. We prepared webs of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) through melt-electrospinning using CO2 laser irradiation for heating. The PET webs comprised ultra-fine fibers of uniform diameter (average fiber diameter = 1.66 μm, coefficient of variation = 19%). The co-existence of fibers with high and low molecular orientation was confirmed through birefringence measurements. Although the level of high orientation corresponded to that of commercial highly oriented yarn, crystalline diffraction was

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18

Hopkins, Jesse, Maxwell Watkins, and Thomas Irving. "New SAXS capabilities at BioCAT after the APS upgrade." Structural Dynamics 12, no. 2_Supplement (2025): A227. https://doi.org/10.1063/4.0000533.

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The BioCAT beamline (sector 18) at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) is a state-of-the-art biological solution small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and muscle and fiber diffraction facility. The APS upgrade (APS-U) will provide new, high flux low divergence microbeams that will significantly improve existing experimental capabilities, particularly for our time-resolved SAXS program. In addition, we have been working to develop a new highly automated temperature controlled HPLC system for SEC-SAXS, a new direct-injection batch mode SAXS autosampler that uses low sample volumes in our coflow cell,

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19

Wang, Ning, Matthias Zeisberger, Uwe Hübner, and Markus A. Schmidt. "Nanograting-Enhanced Optical Fibers for Visible and Infrared Light Collection at Large Input Angles." Photonics 8, no. 8 (2021): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8080295.

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The efficient incoupling of light into particular fibers at large angles is essential for a multitude of applications; however, this is difficult to achieve with commonly used fibers due to low numerical aperture. Here, we demonstrate that commonly used optical fibers functionalized with arrays of metallic nanodots show substantially improved large-angle light-collection performances at multiple wavelengths. In particular, we show that at visible wavelengths, higher diffraction orders contribute significantly to the light-coupling efficiency, independent of the incident polarization, with a do

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20

Rijah, Ban Abbas, and Iftikhar M. Ali. "Electrospun PAN@Ferrites Nanofibers for Rectifier and Humidity Devices." Iraqi Journal of Physics 22, no. 4 (2024): 139–47. https://doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v22i4.1320.

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Zinc cobalt ferrite (ZnCoFe2O4) and zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) were prepared using the sol-gel synthesis. composite materials, PAN@CoFe2O4 and PAN@ZnCoFe2O4, were created by combining polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polymer with ZnCoFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4. Electrospinning was used to apply thin coatings onto glass and p-Si wafers. The synthesized fibre for both pure PAN polymers and their ferrite-based composites was illustrated in Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) images. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals that the PAN polymer exhibits a prominent peak at a precise angle of 29. 334

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21

Frazer, Colleen S., and Elizabth C. Dickey. "Spatial Distribution of Crystallographic Orientational Variants in Yag-Al2O3 Directionally Solidified Eutectic Composite." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (2000): 948–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600037235.

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YAG-A12O3 directionally solidified eutectic composites show great promise in applications requiring high temperature strength and creep resistance.’ The orientation relationships between YAG and Al2O3 have been established within the composite by use of SEM Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The orientation relationships of were determined. Two related variants of A12O3 were discovered in the sample. EBSD was employed to determine the spatial distribution of the variants within the sample.The microstructure of the eutectic composite, shown in Figure 1, reflect

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22

Weiss, Thomas. "Instrumentation for Biological SAXS at SSRL BL4-2." Structural Dynamics 12, no. 2_Supplement (2025): A309. https://doi.org/10.1063/4.0000615.

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Small angle scattering is a powerful tool for structural investigation of matter at the nanoscale and can be applied in a variety of different ways. In structural biology and biophysics research the experimental needs range from static and time resolved solution scattering, low angle lipid and fiber diffraction to scanning imaging based on diffraction and scattering contrast. To efficiently and optimally support the various experimental requirements and ensure consistent and high quality data, automation of routine tasks and sample environments are needed. Furthermore, complementary techniques

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23

Ding, Chang Kun, Bo Wen Cheng, and Qiong Wu. "Mechanical Properties and Ordered Structure of Bacterial Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-Co-3-Hydroxyhexanoate) Fibers Stretched after Isothermal Crystallization near Tg." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 1774–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.1774.

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Biodegradable fibers of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) were prepared by melt spinning, followed by one-step-drawing with small crystal nuclei grown after isothermal crystallization near the glass transition temperature (Tg) and annealing at room temperature under tension. This new drawing technique is a very attractive method for obtaining flexible fibers from low-molecular-weight biopolyesters produced by recombinant bacteria. The ordered structure of PHBHHx fibers was investigated by tensile measurement, scanning electron microscopy, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (

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Yu, Q., B. Tang, C. Huang, et al. "The diffraction detector for the EMD of the CSNS." Journal of Instrumentation 16, no. 12 (2021): P12018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/12/p12018.

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Abstract On 23rd August 2018, the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) located in Dongguan operated 4 neutron instruments. In the future, twenty neutron spectrometers will be built to provide multidisciplinary platforms for scientific research by national institutions, universities, and industries. Engineering Material Diffractometer (EMD), which will be used for strain measurements in engineering materials and components, will be constructed at the Beamline 8 in 2022. A novel thermal neutron detector, which will comply with the requirements of EMD application, is being developed. This detec

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Grishin, Alexander M. "Microstructure and Intrinsic Strain of Nanocrystals in Ferroelectric (Na,K)NbO3 Nanofibers." Nanomaterials 12, no. 9 (2022): 1541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12091541.

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Densely woven highly crystallized biocompatible sodium–potassium niobate Na0.35K0.65NbO3 fibers with an average diameter of 100–200 nm and several hundreds of microns in length were sintered by the sol–gel calcination-assisted electrospinning technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed preferential cube-on-cube [001] orientation of nanocrystals within the fiber’s body, separated by a low angle grain boundary. The Williamson–Hall method was employed to analyze the broadening of XRD reflections and to accurately determine the size and i

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Zou, Xiang, Qingyou Liu, and Shengtao Qiu. "Electron Backscatter Diffraction Analysis of Low-Misorientation-Angle Boundary and High-Energy Boundary in the Hot-Rolled Plate of Grain-Orientated Silicon Steel." Metals 14, no. 10 (2024): 1170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14101170.

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In order to study the texture evolution and the formation of an inhomogeneous microstructure in hot-rolled plate of grain-orientated silicon steel, Fe3C (hexagonal) and ferrite phases in the subsurface layer were studied using electron backscatter diffraction. The results indicate that fiber texture (ferrite) mainly composed of {441}<104> and (110)[001] Goss oriented grains was formed at a depth of 25% of the thickness of hot-rolled plate. Matrix grains in the subsurface layer were arbitrary separated into irregular large grains (≥40 μm) and fine grains (<40 μm), and the grain boundar

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27

Fu, Heng, Jianwei Jiang, Jianbing Men, and Xinfu Gu. "Microstructure Evolution and Deformation Mechanism of Tantalum–Tungsten Alloy Liner under Ultra-High Strain Rate by Explosive Detonation." Materials 15, no. 15 (2022): 5252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15155252.

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The microstructure evolution and plastic deformation mechanism of a Ta-2.5W liner under the ultra-high-strain-rate conditions generated by the explosive detonation were investigated in this study. For this purpose, a modular soft-recovery apparatus was designed to non-destructively recover the Ta-2.5W explosively formed projectile (EFP) in the ballistic endpoint. The electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) method was employed to examine the microstructure of the Ta-2.5W liner before and after deformation. The microstructure of the recovered EFP exhibited significant grain refinement with pre

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Sahu, Sushama, Piyush Thakur, Ashish Saraf, and Suresh Kumar Subbiah. "Physical Characterization of Crude Extract Loaded Bismuth Nanoparticles from <i>Artabotrys hexapetalus</i>." Nano Hybrids and Composites 46 (July 1, 2025): 37–50. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ylb6hk.

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Bismuth nanoparticles have attracted a lot of attention in the field of catalysis due to their small size, high surface-to-volume ratio, and low toxicity. Despite these benefits, their development and use are significantly constrained by the hazardous reagents and solvents required in the synthesis process. In this study, a green method using readily available lemon juice was used to create bismuth nanoparticles (Bi-NPs) as a green substitute for those made using traditional chemical methods. Plenty of interest has been paid to green nanoparticle synthesis recently due to its potential utility

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Hänninen, Tuomas, Eero Kontturi, Kirsi Leppänen, Ritva Serimaa, and Tapani Vuorinen. "Kraft pulping of Juniperus communis results in paper with unusually high elasticity." BioResources 6, no. 4 (2011): 3824–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.4.3824-3835.

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Juniper (Juniperus communis) is a slowly growing softwood species that has unusually high elasticity. To demonstrate the utilization of the material properties of juniper, conventional kraft pulping was used to prepare juniper pulp, whose handsheet and fiber properties were subsequently analyzed. A large number of uncooked fiber bundles remained after pulping, the screened yield was low, and kappa number high. Also the viscosity value of juniper pulp was lower than that of common industrial softwood pulps, due to the harsh pulping conditions required. Juniper fibres had thicker cell walls, sma

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Wang, Yateng, Jianru Fan, Hao Zhao, et al. "Biomimetic Robust Starch Composite Films with Super-Hydrophobicity and Vivid Structural Colors." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 10 (2022): 5607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105607.

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The starch composite films (SCFs) will be one of the best alternative packaging materials to petroleum based plastic films, which mitigates white pollution and energy consumption. However, weak mechanical stability, water resistance, and dyeability has hindered the application of SCFs. Herein, a bioinspired robust SCFs with super-hydrophobicity and excellent structural colors were prepared by fiber-reinforcement and assembling SiO2/Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) amorphous arrays on the surface of SCFs. The properties of the designed SCFs were investigated by various methods including scanning ele

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Xu, Renwei, Peng Zhang, Hai Wang, et al. "Structure and Properties of a Metallocene Polypropylene Resin with Low Melting Temperature for Melt Spinning Fiber Application." Polymers 11, no. 4 (2019): 729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11040729.

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An isotactic polypropylene (iPP-1) resin with low melting temperature (Tm) is synthesized by a metallocene catalyst and investigated for melt-spun fiber applications. The structure, thermal and mechanical properties, and feasibility of producing fibers of a commercial metallocene iPP (iPP-2) and a conventional Ziegler–Natta iPP (iPP-3) are carefully examined for comparison. Tm of iPP-1 is about 10 °C lower than the other two samples, which is well addressed both in the resin and the fiber products. Besides, the newly developed iPP-1 possesses higher isotacticity and crystallinity than the comm

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Golla, Manohar, Baku Nagendra, Christophe Daniel, Paola Rizzo, and Gaetano Guerra. "Axial Orientation of Co-Crystalline Phases of Poly(2,6-Dimethyl-1,4-Phenylene)Oxide Films." Polymers 12, no. 10 (2020): 2394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102394.

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Films exhibiting co-crystalline (CC) phases between a polymer host and low-molecular-mass guest molecules are relevant for many applications. As is usual for semi-crystalline polymers, axially oriented films can give relevant information on the crystalline structure, both by Wide Angle X-ray diffraction fiber patterns and by polarized Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Axially oriented CC phases of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene)oxide (PPO) with 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (mesitylene) can be simply obtained by the stretching of CC PPO films. In fact, due to the plasticization effect of this

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Perret, Edith, Konrad Jakubowski, Manfred Heuberger, and Rudolf Hufenus. "Effects of Nanoscale Morphology on Optical Properties of Photoluminescent Polymer Optical Fibers." Polymers 14, no. 16 (2022): 3262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14163262.

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Bicomponent photoluminescent polymer optical fibers (PL-POFs) have been melt-spun and in-situ drawn to different extents. The results suggest that scattering in the sheath can effectively increase the photoluminescent dye excitation probability in the fiber core. The core/sheath PL-POFs are made of a semi-crystalline fluoropolymer sheath of low refractive index (RI) and an amorphous cycloolefin polymeric core of high RI, which is doped with a luminescent dye. The axial light emission, as well as the guiding attenuation coefficients of the core/sheath PL-POFs, have been measured using a side-il

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Prasad, M. J. N. V. "Texture Studies of Superplastically Deformed Electrodeposited Nanocrystalline Ni and Ni-P Alloy." Materials Science Forum 702-703 (December 2011): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.378.

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Nanocrystalline Ni and Ni-P alloy with grain size down to 6 nm were processed by pulsed electrodeposition. The as-deposited materials, possessing a strong fiber texture, were tested in tension at different temperatures and strain rates. Both materials exhibited low temperature superplasticity but with significant differences in mechanical characteristics. In comparison with nano-Ni, the nano Ni-P alloy exhibited significant strain hardening in flow behavior and lower superplastic elongations at relatively low strain rates, although the grain size was finer at test temperatures with limited gra

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Sandim, Hugo Ricardo Zschommler, Alexandra O. F. Hayama, and Dierk Raabe. "Recrystallization Behavior of the Nickel-Based ODS Superalloy PM 1000." Materials Science Forum 558-559 (October 2007): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.558-559.313.

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PM 1000 is a nickel-based oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) superalloy used for high-temperature applications. The primary recrystallization of a <100>-fiber textured coarsegrained oxide dispersion strengthened nickel-based superalloy (PM 1000) has been investigated. The annealing behavior of this alloy is quite complex. Even when annealing is performed at high homologous temperatures (e.g. 0.9 Tm, Tm is the melting point), recrystallization is partial. In order to understand such a behavior, the microstructure of specimens in both the as-received, deformed, and annealed conditions has

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Somashekar, R., I. H. Hall, and P. D. Carr. "The determination of crystal size and disorder from X-ray diffraction photographs of polymer fibres. 1. The accuracy of determination of Fourier coefficients of the intensity profile of a reflection." Journal of Applied Crystallography 22, no. 4 (1989): 363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889889004085.

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Methods which determine the number and disorder of lattice planes in a crystal from the Fourier cosine coefficients of the intensity profile of an X-ray reflection use only the low harmonics and require that the coefficients be normalized so that the zero harmonic is unity. Experimentally, the profiles can only be recorded over a smaller range of scattering angle than required by the theory, and it is necessary to subtract background, which is likely to be estimated with considerable error, before determining the coefficients. It is shown that with polymer fibres this causes serious errors in

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Hevilla, Víctor, Águeda Sonseca, Enrique Gimenez, Coro Echeverría, Alexandra Muñoz-Bonilla, and Marta Fernández-García. "The Incorporation of Low-Molecular Weight Poly(Mannitol Sebacate)s on PLA Electrospun Fibers: Effects on the Mechanical Properties and Surface Chemistry." Polymers 14, no. 16 (2022): 3342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14163342.

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We offer a report on the synthesis of low-molecular weight biobased poly(mannitol sebacate) (PMS) and its functionalization with acrylate groups (PMSAc). These synthesized polyesters were blended at a low level (10 wt%) with poly (lactic acid) PLA to prepare aligned fibers by electrospinning, coupled with a rotatory collector. The obtained fibers were extensively studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXS), employing synchrotron radiation. The incorporation of the

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Li, Juan, Honglong Zhao, Nian Zhou, et al. "Study on Microstructure of Fiber Laser Welding of CoCrCuFeNi High Entropy Alloy." Materials 15, no. 24 (2022): 8777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15248777.

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A CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy was successfully welded in this study using fiber laser welding. The effects of the welding parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. Three zones were formed: the fusion zone, partial melting zone, and base metal. The base metal exhibited a typical dendrite structure, and the Cu element segregated in the interdendrite. The fusion zone consisted of fine equiaxed crystals and columnar crystals with the same crystalline structure as the base metal. The fusion zone exhibited minimal compositional microsegregation after laser welding. E

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Peng, Xiaowen, Kexing Song, Yanjun Zhou, et al. "Influence of P Content on Microstructure and Texture Evolution of the Oxygen-Free Copper." Metals 12, no. 10 (2022): 1622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12101622.

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The present work aims to systematically investigate the influence of P content on the microstructure and texture evolution of oxygen-free copper during intermediate annealing and final cold rolling. The microstructure and texture evolution were studied by electron backscattered diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. With the addition of P, the grains refined and a large fraction of low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) emerged after intermediate annealing. The texture transformed from pure metal type for pure Cu to the α-fiber texture which included brass and Goss texture as P was adde

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Zhang, Chao, Hui Li Shao, Xue Chao Hu, and Yao Peng Zhang. "Effect of Draw Ratio on the Microstructure of Silk Fibroin/Graphene Oxide Hybrid Fibers." Materials Science Forum 898 (June 2017): 2214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.898.2214.

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In order to fabricate high performance artificial silk, hybrid fibers were dry spun from regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) aqueous solution mixed with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets. The influence of draw ratio on the microstructure and mechanical properties of RSF/GO hybrid fibers was studied through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), synchrotron radiation wide-angle X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and mechanical testing. The results showed that with increasing draw ratio, both amorphous phase and mesophase of the dry-spun artificial fiber gradually converted to crystals. The

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Niu, Hongqing, Mengying Zhang, Ang Li, et al. "Microstructure evolution and properties of polyimide fibers containing trifluoromethyl units." High Performance Polymers 32, no. 1 (2019): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008319846922.

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A series of copolyimide (co-PI) fibers containing trifluoromethyl units were successfully obtained on the molecular design of 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, p-phenylenediamine, and 2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]hexafluoropropane (HFBAPP) via a widely utilized two-step wet-spinning method. Significant variations on the microstructures and properties of the resulting co-PI fibers were observed after the incorporation of HFBAPP moieties. The tensile strength and initial modulus of the fibers decreased from 0.70 GPa to 0.38 GPa and from 69.63 GPa to 9.60 GPa, respectively. Howev

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Sponza, Deli̇a Teresa, and Ruki̇ye Özteki̇n. "Photoremoval of Oil, DOC, DSS, Toluene and m-Xylene from a Petrochemical Industry via Cellulose Nanocomposites Derivated from Textile Wastes." International Journal of Environmental Engineering and Development 3 (June 18, 2025): 71–99. https://doi.org/10.37394/232033.2025.3.7.

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In this study a nanocomposite namely cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) was produced under laboratory conditions from textile wastes to remove the pollutants [oil, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved suspended solids (DSS), toluene and m-xylene] present in a petrochemical industry wastewater (PCI ww). With the aim of reducing environmental pollution and promoting economic circularity, textile wastes such as fibres, yarn clippings, fabric remnants from factory cuts, and new garments has been shown to be a viable material for nanocellulose extraction, its low cost, high amount in landflls. Nano

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Wan, Ruru, Xiaoli Sun, Zhongjie Ren, Huihui Li та Shouke Yan. "Orientation of Poly(ε-caprolactone) in Its Poly(vinyl chloride) Blends Crystallized under Strain: The Role of Strain Rate". Materials 13, № 24 (2020): 5655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13245655.

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The blends of high and low molecular weights poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with poly(vinyl chloride (PVC) were prepared. The samples before and after the crystallization of PCL were uniaxially stretched to different draw ratios. The orientation features of PCL in a stretched crystalline PCL/PVC blend and crystallized from the amorphous PCL/PVC blends under varied strains were studied by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). It was found that a uniaxial stretching of crystalline PCL/PVC blend with high molecular weight PCL results in the c-axis orientation along the stretching direction, as is usua

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Salas-Reyes, A. E., I. Mejía, and J. M. Cabrera. "Influence of Nb Microaddition on Microstructure and Texture Evolution in a Fe-21Mn-1.3Al-1.5Si-0.5C TWIP Steel under Uniaxial Hot-Tensile Conditions." MRS Advances 2, no. 61 (2017): 3797–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.600.

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ABSTRACTAdvanced high-strength steels as Twinning Induced Plasticity (TWIP) steels have been developed using microalloying elements and subsequent thermo-mechanical processing techniques. Moreover, under hot-working conditions, these steels undergo significant microstructural changes as a result of preferred crystallographic orientation (texture) of grains. In order to evaluate this behavior, one non-microalloyed and other single Nb-microalloyed TWIP steels were melted in an induction furnace and cast into metal and sand molds. Samples with austenitic grain sizes between 400 and 2000 µm were d

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Fang, Xiao-Hui, Su-Hui Chen, Lan-Lin Yi, et al. "Synthesis of Si-Based High-Efficiency and High-Durability Superhydrophilic-Underwater Superoleophobic Membrane of Oil–Water Separation." Materials 14, no. 10 (2021): 2628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14102628.

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Oil pollution is caused by the frequent discharge of contaminated industrial wastewater and accidental oil spills and is a severe environmental and health concern. Therefore, efficient materials and processes for effective oil–water separation are being developed. Herein, SiO2-Na2SiO3-coated stainless steel fibers (SSF) with underwater superoleophobic and low-adhesion properties were successfully prepared via a one-step hydrothermal process. The modified surfaces were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and contact angle measurements to observe the surface morphology, confir

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Lima, C. R. R. C., R. J. S. Lima, A. C. C. Bandeira, et al. "Alterations promoted by acid straightening and/or bleaching in hair microstructures." Journal of Applied Crystallography 56, no. 4 (2023): 1002–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576723005599.

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Human hair is a biopolymer constituted mainly of keratin intermediate filaments, lipids, pigments and water. Cosmetic treatments usually interact with the hair at the molecular level, inducing changes in its components and modifying the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the fibers. Here, the effect of acid straightening on the morphology and ultrastructure of Caucasian hair was investigated by a group of complementary experimental methods: wide-, small- and ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering; high-resolution 3D X-ray microscopy; quasi-elastic neutron scattering and inelastic neutron

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Bras, W., G. R. Mant, G. E. Derbyshire, et al. "Real-Time Simultaneous Wide- and Small-Angle Fibre Diffraction." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 2, no. 2 (1995): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s090904959401469x.

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Nave, C., J. R. Helliwell, P. R. Moore, et al. "Facilities for solution scattering and fibre diffraction at the Daresbury SRS." Journal of Applied Crystallography 18, no. 6 (1985): 396–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889885010615.

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The small-angle scattering facility at Daresbury has been constructed for diffraction studies of a wide range of naturally occurring and synthetic materials. The high brightness of the SRS is combined with focusing optics, resulting in exposure times that can be two or three orders of magnitude less than those required on a conventional source. Spacings of 2000 Å in the vertical direction and 300 Å in the horizontal direction can be observed, while the resolution between diffraction orders is 5000 and 600 Å. In addition, preliminary results have been obtained on a double-crystal diffractometer

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Birkholz, M. "Modelling of diffraction from fibre texture gradients in thin polycrystalline films." Journal of Applied Crystallography 40, no. 4 (2007): 735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889807027240.

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Crystallographic textures in thin polycrystalline films typically exhibit a rotational symmetry,i.e.they occur as a fibre texture with the texture pole being orientated in the direction of the substrate normal. As a further characteristic of thin-film textures, it was often observed that the degree of preferred orientation increases with increasing thickness. It is shown in this work how a fibre texture gradient may be modelled in kinematical X-ray diffraction and which effects it has on the intensity mapping of theIHKLreflection, when theHKLpole is the fibre axis. A general expression forIHKL

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Jumahat, Aidah, Constantinos Soutis, Nor Merlisa Ali, and Jamaluddin Mahmud. "Fibre Misalignment Measurement of Nanomodified-Unidirectional Carbon Fibre Laminates." Applied Mechanics and Materials 393 (September 2013): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.393.200.

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This paper investigates the effect of nanosilica on the fibre waviness or misalignment angle distribution of carbon fibre reinforced polymer composite unidirectional laminates. The quality of the laminates was evaluated using image analyzer technique. The polished specimens were examined using Polyvar B-met optical microscope and analysed using KSRUN ZEISS software. The effect of 3, 7 and 13 vol.% nanosilica on the fibre misalignment angle distribution was determined. The results showed that, the fabricated laminates have average fibre volume fractionVfof 42%, low fibre waviness distribution (

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