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Journal articles on the topic 'Low Background systems'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Miley, H. S., R. L. Brodzinski, and J. H. Reeves. "Low-background counting systems compared." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles 160, no. 2 (1992): 371–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02037112.

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2

Nevinskii, I. O., and T. V. Tsvetkova. "Variations in a? background in underground low-background systems." Atomic Energy 72, no. 6 (1992): 543–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00760915.

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3

Wójcik, M., and G. Zuzel. "Low-222Rn nitrogen gas generator for ultra-low background counting systems." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 539, no. 1-2 (2005): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2004.10.023.

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Loosli, H. H., Markus Forster, and R. L. Otlet. "Background Measurements with Different Shielding and Anticoincidence Systems." Radiocarbon 28, no. 2A (1986): 615–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200007803.

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Extremely low background count rates are a necessary condition for both the measurement of 39Ar concentrations in ground and ocean water and of 14C activities in small samples using gas proportional counting techniques. A systematic comparison of the performance of three different designs of shielding systems in four different installations has been made.Background values of selected gas proportional counters were measured, compared and separated into their various components. Acceptably low backgrounds were obtained in all the systems tried. The performance of a NaI shield in a surface labora

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Barton, J. C. "A comparison of sodium iodide and germanium low background counting systems." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 17, S (1991): S415—S418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/17/s/042.

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Jovančević, N., M. Krmar, D. Mrda, J. Slivka, and I. Bikit. "Neutron induced background gamma activity in low-level Ge-spectroscopy systems." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 612, no. 2 (2010): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2009.10.059.

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Theodórsson, Páll. "Quantifying Background Components of Low-Level Gas Proportional Counters." Radiocarbon 34, no. 3 (1992): 420–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200063633.

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I discuss background components of low-level gas proportional counters and show how each component can be estimated based on available data. For more reliable background analysis, further studies are suggested. Based on new information, a generation of low-level gas proportional counting systems for radiocarbon dating may emerge with lower and more predictable background.

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SAKURAI, Hirohisa. "An Application of 14C Measurement Using Low Background Liquid Scintillation Counting Systems." RADIOISOTOPES 61, no. 2 (2012): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.61.87.

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9

Pan, Hongpeng, Guofeng Zhu, Chengbin Peng, and Qing Xiao. "Background subtraction for night videos." PeerJ Computer Science 7 (June 10, 2021): e592. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.592.

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Motion analysis is important in video surveillance systems and background subtraction is useful for moving object detection in such systems. However, most of the existing background subtraction methods do not work well for surveillance systems in the evening because objects are usually dark and reflected light is usually strong. To resolve these issues, we propose a framework that utilizes a Weber contrast descriptor, a texture feature extractor, and a light detection unit, to extract the features of foreground objects. We propose a local pattern enhancement method. For the light detection uni

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Galatanu, N., S. Rodrigues, P. Panine, and P. Hoghoj. "More flux, less background: improvements in low power X-ray beam delivery systems." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 67, a1 (2011): C556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767311085928.

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11

Garg, Kratika, Nirmala Ramakrishnan, Alok Prakash, and Thambipillai Srikanthan. "Rapid and Robust Background Modeling Technique for Low-Cost Road Traffic Surveillance Systems." IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 21, no. 5 (2020): 2204–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2917560.

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Calvo-Gallego, Elisa, Piedad Brox, and Santiago Sánchez-Solano. "Low-cost dedicated hardware IP modules for background subtraction in embedded vision systems." Journal of Real-Time Image Processing 12, no. 4 (2014): 681–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11554-014-0455-5.

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Hult, M., J. Gasparro, P. Lindahl, G. Marissens, A. Fessler, and Peter N. Johnston. "On the use of mercury as a means of locating background sources in ultra low-background HPGe-detector systems." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 66, no. 6-7 (2008): 829–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.02.021.

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14

Torr, Lucy, and Vaishnav Balaji. "Effect of background noise on speech privacy." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, no. 4_supplement (2023): A313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0023643.

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There is a need for speech privacy in many building environments, which is often affected by various factors such as human perception, acoustic separation of partitions, and background noise levels. Previous studies have classified speech privacy rating between spaces based on partition separation and internal noise in receiving spaces. However, the typical design process often overlooks a holistic approach to speech privacy. Green buildings, focused on sustainability, have recently gained global attention. They aim to reduce environmental impact while ensuring comfort and health for occupants

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15

Azmat, Shoaib, Linda Wills, and Scott Wills. "Parallelizing Multimodal Background Modeling on a Low-Power Integrated GPU." Journal of Signal Processing Systems 88, no. 1 (2016): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11265-016-1111-z.

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16

Theodórsson, Pall. "Radiometric 14C Dating: New Background Analysis, Basis of Improved Systems." Radiocarbon 40, no. 1 (1997): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200018002.

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A recent broad study of the background of all types of low-level beta and gamma detectors has now made it possible to analyze its components more reliably and with greater detail. This general analysis is developed further here for gas proportional and liquid scintillation counters used in radiocarbon dating. The background of gas counters, which is dominated by secondary cosmic gamma radiation, is now well understood and can be described quantitatively. The background of liquid counters is less well understood and can only be described semiquantitatively, its analysis resting partly on estima

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17

URITSKY, VADIM M., and NATALIA I. MUZALEVSKAYA. "FRACTAL STOCHASTIC ELECTROMAGNETIC BACKGROUND AS A FACTOR STABILIZING PROCESSES OF VITAL ACTIVITY." Fractals 01, no. 03 (1993): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x93000344.

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The linkage between functional status of living systems and scale organization of environmental low-frequency fluctuations is studied and shown to be possible only for influences transferring biologically significant information. Fundamental relict form of such influences is background weak energy electromagnetic field. It is demonstrated experimentally that physiologically normal state is supported by scale-invariant (fractal) electromagnetic fluctuations with 1/f spectrum, which have pronounced stabilizing effect on homeostasis and can act as a powerful therapeutic agent. On the contrary, di

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Han, Liang, Mingming Liu, Deyong Ye, et al. "Tumor cell membrane-targeting pH-dependent electron donor-acceptor fluorescence systems with low background signals." Biomaterials 35, no. 9 (2014): 2952–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.12.020.

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19

Mu, Eveline, Laila Hugrass, and David P. Crewther. "Red background facilitates low spatial frequency fearful face processing in groups with high autistic tendency." Journal of Vision 19, no. 10 (2019): 24d. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/19.10.24d.

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20

Zhang, Yu. "Pedestrian Target Tracking Method in Low SNR Ratio Scenarios." International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 5, no. 2 (2025): 50–56. https://doi.org/10.62051/ijcsit.v5n2.07.

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Millimeter-wave radar is widely used in intelligent transportation and autonomous driving. However, due to the lack of coordination among radar systems, it is susceptible to interference from signals emitted by other radar systems, leading to issues such as increased background noise. To address this problem, this paper proposes a pedestrian target tracking method for low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scenarios. By leveraging the particle filtering method and simulating a large number of particles to approximate probability distributions, this method effectively resolves target tracking issues c

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21

Tomic, S., T. Vuletic, M. Pinteric, and B. Korin-Hamzic. "Modalities of self-organized charge response in low dimensional systems." Journal de Physique IV 12, no. 9 (2002): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20020397.

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We present modalities of self-organized charge response in low dimensional systems, like diverse organic and quantum spin systems, studied by the low-frequency (10 mHz – 1 MHz) dielectric spectroscopy. Density wave structures with the order of commensurability N = 4 can be recognized as phasons in a random impurity potential, whereas those with N = 3 can be viewed as topological defects like charge domain wall pairs in the background domain structure.

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22

CIOFI, C., G. GIUSI, G. SCANDURRA, and B. NERI. "DEDICATED INSTRUMENTATION FOR HIGH SENSITIVITY, LOW FREQUENCY NOISE MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 04, no. 02 (2004): L385—L402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477504001963.

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Low Frequency Noise Measurements (LFNM) can be used as very sensitive tool for the characterization of the quality and the reliability of electron devices. However, especially in those cases in which the frequency range of interest extends below 1 Hz, instrumentation with an acceptable low level of background noise is not easily found on the market. In fact, at very low frequencies, the flicker noise introduced by the electronic components which make up the instrumentation becomes predominant and several interesting phenomena which could be detected by means of LFNM may result completely hidde

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23

Chiang, Bai-Chiang, and Kevin M. Huffenberger. "Cooling Improves Cosmic Microwave Background Map-making when Low-frequency Noise is Large." Astrophysical Journal 922, no. 2 (2021): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac31ab.

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Abstract In the context of cosmic microwave background data analysis, we study the solution to the equation that transforms scanning data into a map. As originally suggested in “messenger” methods for solving linear systems, we split the noise covariance into uniform and nonuniform parts and adjust their relative weights during the iterative solution. With simulations, we study mock instrumental data with different noise properties, and find that this “cooling” or perturbative approach is particularly effective when there is significant low-frequency noise in the timestream. In such cases, a c

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24

Klein, Hans-Martin. "Low-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging." RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren 192, no. 06 (2020): 537–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1123-7944.

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Background For more than two decades, the focus of technological progress in MRI was restricted to systems with a field strength of 1.5 T and higher. Low- and mid-field MRI systems, which offer some specific advantages, are vanishing from the market. This article is intended to initiate a re-evaluation of the factor ‘field strength’ in MR imaging. Method Literature review was carried out using MEDLINE database (via Pubmed) over a time span from 1980 to 2019 using free-text and Medical Subject headings (MeSH). Article selection was based on relevance and evidence. Results and Conclusion Low-fie

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25

Sakai, Winfried. "Music Preferences and Family Language Background." Journal of Research in Music Education 59, no. 2 (2011): 174–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022429411406172.

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Turkish migrants are the largest national group in Germany. Nevertheless, neither in music psychology research nor in intercultural research can empirical data on the music preferences of Turkish-German primary schoolchildren in the migrational context be found. This study thus examined the music preference responses of children with Turkish language backgrounds, who were at the end of primary school education, to music examples representing the differences between occidental and oriental music systems. A total of 267 children participated in an investigation in the city of Ludwigshafen am Rhe

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26

binti Harun, Siti Fatimah, Mohd Fais bin Mansor, and Norbahiah binti Misran. "Reconfigurable Reflectarray Antenna: Background, Classification and Configurable Mechanisms." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 35, no. 5 (2023): 1249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(5)-24.

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Reflectarray antennas have emerged as one of the most suitable choice for 5G network base station antennas due to their ability to combine the advantages of parabolic reflectors and phased array antennas. These antennas offer a lightweight structure, high gain, and low impedance mismatch losses. High gain and low loss are crucial factors in ensuring the antenna delivers low latency and high-quality 5G radio signals. The application of 5G technology becomes more practical and efficient with the capability to adjust the functionality of a single 5G antenna or enable reconfiguration. This reconfi

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27

KAMANIN, D. V., YU V. PYATKOV, A. N. TYUKAVKIN, and YU N. KOPATCH. "EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCES OF CLUSTERING IN LOW EXCITED HEAVY NUCLEAR SYSTEMS." International Journal of Modern Physics E 17, no. 10 (2008): 2250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301308011434.

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Results of the experiments aimed at revealing of manifestations of collinear cluster tri-partition (CCT) of the 252 Cf and 236 U * nuclei are reported. Presumably, the ternary decay of nuclear molecules based on heavy magic clusters such as isotopes of Ni , Ge , Sn , Te gives rise to the effect observed. Experimental conditions allow one to distinguish two CCT partners flying almost in the same direction, while analysis of their charges ensures the discrimination of the background due to scattering. A total yield of the CCT originated events found at the order of 10-3 per binary fission.

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28

Hunt, Kieran M. R., and Andrew G. Turner. "Non-linear intensification of monsoon low-pressure systems by the BSISO." Weather and Climate Dynamics 3, no. 4 (2022): 1341–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-1341-2022.

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Abstract. More than half of the rainfall brought to the Indian subcontinent by the summer monsoon is associated with low-pressure systems (LPSs). Yet their relationship with the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) – the dominant intraseasonal forcing on the monsoon – is only superficially understood. Using reanalysis data, we explore the relationship between the BSISO and LPS intensity, propagation and precipitation, and associated underlying mechanisms. The BSISO has a large impact on mean monsoon vorticity and rainfall as it moves northward – maximising both in phases 2–3 over so

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29

Montagnoli, Giovanna. "Low-energy fusion hindrance in medium-light systems." EPJ Web of Conferences 306 (2024): 01023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202430601023.

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Heavy-ion fusion reactions give fundamental information on the quantum tunnelling of many-body systems where several intrinsic degrees of freedom are contributing. Moreover, the existence of hindrance in the fusion of light systems is critical for a variety of stellar environments. Hindrance is often characterised by a maximum of the astrophysical S factor with decreasing energy, and is an interesting link between heavy-ion fusion and astrophysics. The underlying physical background is still under debate. Recently it has been pointed out that the Pauli exclusion principle influences the ion-io

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30

Oftedal, Per. "A holistic view of low-level radiation effects in biological systems." Canadian Journal of Physics 68, no. 9 (1990): 974–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p90-139.

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Living organisms have been exposed to background radiation during all their evolution. Repair systems suited to counteract the inflicted damage have developed. It is hypothesized that the level of background radiation is "sensed" by organisms via the low-energy thermalized part of the absorbed energy, thus allowing for long-term "pre-emptive" adjustment of inducible repair capacity. The high-energy (> 100 eV) absorption events cause damage that must be accommodated post hoc by means of stabilizing elements (heat-shock proteins?) and subsequent palliative or restorative repair. The complexit

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31

Pigati, Jeffrey S., Jay Quade, Jim Wilson, A. J. Timothy Jull, and Nathaniel A. Lifton. "Development of low-background vacuum extraction and graphitization systems for 14C dating of old (40–60ka) samples." Quaternary International 166, no. 1 (2007): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2006.12.006.

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32

Ohlemiller, Kevin K., Mary E. Rybak Rice, Allyson D. Rosen, Scott C. Montgomery, and Patricia M. Gagnon. "Protection by low-dose kanamycin against noise-induced hearing loss in mice: Dependence on dosing regimen and genetic background." Hearing Research 280, no. 1-2 (2011): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2011.05.007.

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33

Sairohith, Thummarakoti, and Raghava Deepthi JVN. "Toward Efficient Asynchronous Architectures in Low-Code Platforms: A Comparative Study in Pega." Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research 9, no. 9 (2022): 136–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15308003.

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Enterprise-grade applications need to use asynchronous background task processing for scalability reasons. Both Standard Agents and the more recent Queue Processors serve this purpose within the Pega Platform. The document examines a substantial contrast between these two processing mechanisms by demonstrating how Queue Processors now utilize Kafka-based asynchronous architecture. We review and analyze critical performance indicators, including reliability, scalability, fault tolerance, resource utilization, and ease of management. Through empirical research and documentation review, Queue Pro

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34

Nakamura, Shinji. "Effects of Background Stimulation upon Eye-Movement Information." Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 2 (1996): 627–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.2.627.

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To investigate the effects of background stimulation upon eye-movement information (EMI), the perceived deceleration of the target motion during pursuit eye movement (Aubert-Fleishl paradox) was analyzed. In the experiment, a striped pattern was used as a background stimulus with various brightness contrasts and spatial frequencies for serially manipulating the attributions of the background stimulus. Analysis showed that the retinal-image motion of the background stimulus (optic flow) affected eye-movement information and that the effects of optic flow became stronger when high contrast and l

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35

Parshin, Alexander, and Yury Parshin. "Optimal signal processing algorithm at the background of non-Gaussian flicker noise." ITM Web of Conferences 30 (2019): 04016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20193004016.

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The problem of receiving and processing ultra-low-power signals of information transmission systems is being solved. High requirements for energy efficiency on the one hand and a low information transfer rate allows the use of signals with a small spectrum width, including flicker noise spectral regions. A non-Gaussian flicker noise model is used based on a stochastic differential equation with a nonlinear drift coefficient. An optimal signal processing algorithm is being developed against the background of the sum of flicker noise and thermal noise based on an estimated-correlation-compensati

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36

Wan, Jiaxin, and Ping Gan. "Research on Improvement of China’s Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction Legal System under the Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Background." Journal of Social Science and Humanities 6, no. 8 (2024): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53469/jssh.2024.06(08).10.

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Improving the energy conservation system and the energy substitution system, and accelerating the construction of an energy conservation and emission reduction system, are reliable legal guarantees to promote the modernization of energy rule of law and to expedite the achievement of the “dual carbon” goals. At present, China has preliminarily established an energy conservation and emission reduction system consisting of two subsystems of energy conservation and energy substitution, which are further divided into three categories: regulatory control systems, public incentive systems, and market

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37

Griffiths, Alexander, Johannes Herrnsdorf, Christopher Lowe, et al. "Temporal Encoding to Reject Background Signals in a Low Complexity, Photon Counting Communication Link." Materials 11, no. 9 (2018): 1671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091671.

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Communicating information at the few photon level typically requires some complexity in the transmitter or receiver in order to operate in the presence of noise. This in turn incurs expense in the necessary spatial volume and power consumption of the system. In this work, we present a self-synchronised free-space optical communications system based on simple, compact and low power consumption semiconductor devices. A temporal encoding method, implemented using a gallium nitride micro-LED source and a silicon single photon avalanche photo-detector (SPAD), demonstrates data transmission at rates

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Xiong, Lun, Manqiu Wang, Jin Mao, and Bo Huang. "A Review of Building Carbon Emission Accounting Methods under Low-Carbon Building Background." Buildings 14, no. 3 (2024): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030777.

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With the continuous development of the global economy, carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions are persistently increasing, making global warming an indisputable fact. As a high-energy consuming industry, the building industry has gradually emerged as the primary source of greenhouse gas emissions during urban expansion. Consequently, countries are exploring sustainable development pathways for low-carbon buildings to minimize the detrimental impact caused by the construction industry. This paper summarizes the current status of low-carbon building development and, through literature

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39

Daas, Jesse, Wouter Oosters, Frank Saueressig, and Jian Wang. "Asymptotically Safe Gravity-Fermion Systems on Curved Backgrounds." Universe 7, no. 8 (2021): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe7080306.

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We set up a consistent background field formalism for studying the renormalization group (RG) flow of gravity coupled to Nf Dirac fermions on maximally symmetric backgrounds. Based on Wetterich’s equation, we perform a detailed study of the resulting fixed point structure in a projection including the Einstein–Hilbert action, the fermion anomalous dimension, and a specific coupling of the fermion bilinears to the spacetime curvature. The latter constitutes a mass-type term that breaks chiral symmetry explicitly. Our analysis identified two infinite families of interacting RG fixed points, whic

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40

Zuo, Jianxun, Kun Wan, Jiyao Wu, and Tingfang Tan. "Design and implementation of industrial energy comprehensive control platform under the background of dual carbon." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3018, no. 1 (2025): 012024. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3018/1/012024.

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Abstract Industrial production requires the use of multiple energy sources, and traditional energy management systems have problems such as insufficient equipment status perception, low operation, and maintenance efficiency, and difficulty in improving energy conservation and carbon reduction. Based on energy panoramic monitoring, energy remote control, energy comprehensive analysis, and energy network security protection technology, a green and low-carbon industrial user-integrated energy control platform was designed to assist industrial users in transitioning from decentralized energy monit

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Lampe, Nathanael, David G. Biron, Jeremy M. C. Brown, et al. "Simulating the Impact of the Natural Radiation Background on Bacterial Systems: Implications for Very Low Radiation Biological Experiments." PLOS ONE 11, no. 11 (2016): e0166364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0166364.

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42

Zhu, Yanhua. "Research on the Design of University Textbook Management Systems under the Background of the Internet." Education Reform and Development 7, no. 1 (2025): 39–45. https://doi.org/10.26689/erd.v7i1.9576.

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Textbook management is an important part of college teaching management, which can affect the pace of high quality development in colleges and universities to some extent. However, from the current point of view, the university textbook management still has the problem of low information level. Even though the textbook management software has been widely promoted and applied, it has not formed a true information sharing platform in the sense. Therefore, the development of university textbook management system based on network technology has a very important display significance, this paper wil

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43

Weber, Heike, Burkhart Fischer, Michael Bach, and Franz Aiple. "Occurrence of express saccades under isoluminance and low contrast luminance conditions." Visual Neuroscience 7, no. 5 (1991): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800009792.

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AbstractSaccadic reaction times (SRTs) of three human subjects were analyzed. The gap paradigm was used (i.e. fixation point offset precedes target onset) to obtain high proportions of express saccades (i.e. saccades of extremely short reaction times) in the SRT distributions. In one set of experiments, the luminance of the (red) saccade target was varied from brighter to darker than the (green) background including an isoluminance condition. Express saccades were obtained in response to pure color contrast stimuli with about the same frequency and reaction time as to stimuli with both color a

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44

Jessen, Birger. "Measuring low noise level in dwellings." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, no. 4 (2023): 3978–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0567.

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DS 490:2018 "Akustik - Lydklassifikation af boliger", translated to "Acoustics - Acoustic Classification of Dwellings" relates to many acoustical parameters, and two of them "Noise from ventilation" and "Reverberation times" are now being tested in real life in the Danish "Voluntary sustainability classification".(Called FBK) Danish building regulation state a sound level limit in dwellings from all kinds of technical systems at 30 dB(A), equal to the Acoustical class C, comparable with the limit in several countries. Research shows that 30 dB(A) does not ensure acoustic satisfying comfort for

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45

Combet, Benita. "The Institutional Dimension of Class-based Educational Decision-making: Evidence from Regional Variation in Switzerland." Zeitschrift für Soziologie 48, no. 4 (2019): 301–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfsoz-2019-0021.

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AbstractThis article examines to what extent the specific institutional arrangement of an education system moderates the influence of social background on students’ track allocation, and whether this happens via primary or secondary effects of social origin. I tackle the problem of omitted-variable bias by analyzing subnational education systems in Switzerland, a country with a variety of cantonal school systems but otherwise homogeneous institutions. The results show a complex picture. First, even though the absolute transition probability to the highest track is higher in education systems w

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Боев, М. А., А. В. Лобанов, Р. Г. Кузнецов, and Г. И. Бадамшин. "LOW SELF-NOISE TRIAXIAL CABLE." Кабели и провода, no. 4(408) (September 10, 2024): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.62994/2072-215x.2024.32.72.001.

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В статье представлены характеристики триаксиального кабеля, разработанного для приборов, измеряющих параметры окружающей среды в системах контроля уровня ионизирующих излучений высокочувствительными приборами (дозиметрами) диагностики радиационного фона в помещениях или на площадках атомных электростанций, в рентгеновских отделах медицинских и прочих учреждений, а также использования в измерительных устройствах при воздействии механических воздействий. The article presents the characteristics of a triaxial cable designed for the devices measuring the environment parameters in ionizing radiatio

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Xu, Jing, Ying Wang, Xuan Wang, and Zheng Wang. "Biomechanics-inspired analysis of the recognition function of recurrent neural networks in primary school math homework under low carbon background." Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics 22, no. 4 (2025): 897. https://doi.org/10.62617/mcb897.

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In the traditional education assessment landscape, the manual grading of subjective exam questions poses significant challenges. The labor-intensive nature of this process and the potential for human error can negatively impact teaching and learning outcomes. As society transitions towards a low-carbon future, there is a pressing need to reform educational evaluation methods, reduce paper-based exams, and leverage advanced intelligent technologies. Inspired by the principles of biomechanics, this research introduces a novel image-based handwritten text recognition algorithm powered by recurren

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Joffe, Michael. "Health, Livelihoods, and Nutrition in Low-Income Rural Systems." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 28, no. 2_suppl2 (2007): S227—S236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15648265070282s202.

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Background Absolute poverty remains a major challenge: the proportion of the world population living with hunger, food insecurity, and undernutrition has fallen, but the absolute number remains stubbornly large. An even larger number of people have enough to eat but suffer from severe micronutrient deficiencies. Objectives To provide a conceptual framework showing the interdependence of hunger and poverty with ill health among the rural poor. Methods Review of the relevant health, nutrition, agriculture, and economics literature and organization of the findings into a systems framework. Result

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Reddy, Vikas, Conrad Sanderson, and Brian C. Lovell. "A Low-Complexity Algorithm for Static Background Estimation from Cluttered Image Sequences in Surveillance Contexts." EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing 2011 (2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/164956.

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Abrahamsson, Kenneth. "Sustainable work in transition. Policy background, concepts and research arenas." European Journal of Workplace Innovation 6, no. 1 (2021): 19–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.46364/ejwi.v6i1.821.

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 Future of work is today discussed at global level in Agenda 2030 and SDG 8, by ILO and in the Global Deal which is a multi-stakeholder initiative for social dialogue and inclusive growth. Future of work, social innovations and inclusive growth are also central policy missions for the OECD, the European Commission, and its agencies Cedefop, EU-OSHA and Eurofound. The European Pillar of Social Rights highlights the need for a European social model promoting a progressive interplay between economic development, god working conditions and social protection. This article analyses concepts of

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