Academic literature on the topic 'Low density populations of koalas'

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Journal articles on the topic "Low density populations of koalas"

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Sullivan, B. J., W. M. Norris, and G. S. Baxter. "Low-density koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) populations in the mulgalands of south-west Queensland. II. Distribution and diet." Wildlife Research 30, no. 4 (2003): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr00032.

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This study used faecal pellets to investigate the broadscale distribution and diet of koalas in the mulgalands biogeographic region of south-west Queensland. Koala distribution was determined by conducting faecal pellet searches within a 30-cm radius of the base of eucalypts on 149 belt transects, located using a multi-scaled stratified sampling design. Cuticular analysis of pellets collected from 22 of these sites was conducted to identify the dietary composition of koalas within the region. Our data suggest that koala distribution is concentrated in the northern and more easterly regions of
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Law, B., L. Gonsalves, R. Bilney, J. Peterie, R. Pietsch, P. Roe, and A. Truskinger. "Using Passive Acoustic Recording and Automated Call Identification to Survey Koalas in the Southern Forests of New South Wales." Australian Zoologist 40, no. 3 (January 2020): 477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/az.2019.033.

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Cost-effective surveys of low density koala populations are challenging, but technological developments in the acoustics field offer great potential for landscape-scale surveys and monitoring. We assessed passive acoustic recording coupled with automated call identification as a survey method for koalas Phascolarctos cinereus . Surveys targeted areas of previously known koala activity based on scat surveys in southern forests of New South Wales where a low density of koalas is suspected. We set 24 Song Meters to record at night over a two week period (~3,696 hours) in the koala breeding season
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Menkhorst, Peter, David Ramsey, Tim O'Brien, Emily Hynes, and Desley Whisson. "Survival and movements of koalas translocated from an over-abundant population." Wildlife Research 46, no. 7 (2019): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr19090.

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Abstract Context At some sites in southern Victoria, browsing pressure caused by high-density koala populations can result in defoliation of preferred browse trees. In extreme cases, this over-browsing can lead to widespread tree death and starvation of koalas. To reduce the potential for mortality of trees and koalas, a management strategy that includes fertility control of females and translocation of healthy individuals (male and female) has been adopted. AimsTo compare the short- to medium-term survival and body condition of koalas translocated from over-browsed habitat and released into u
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Masters, Pip, Toni Duka, Steve Berris, and Graeme Moss. "Koalas on Kangaroo Island: from introduction to pest status in less than a century." Wildlife Research 31, no. 3 (2004): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr03007.

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In less than a century the ecological profile of koalas on Kangaroo Island has shifted from that of a species introduced for conservation purposes to one of pest status. Between 1923 and 1925, 18 koalas were released on Kangaroo Island. Their numbers increased rapidly and in 1997 a population-control program was implemented based on a population estimate of 5000 koalas. During the course of this program, it became clear that the koala population on Kangaroo Island was much greater and more widely distributed than previously thought, hence a more comprehensive population survey was carried out.
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Sullivan, B. J., G. S. Baxter, A. T. Lisle, L. Pahl, and W. M. Norris. "Low-density koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) populations in the mulgalands of south-west Queensland. IV. Abundance and conservation status." Wildlife Research 31, no. 1 (2004): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr02037.

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Urban encroachment on dense, coastal koala populations has ensured that their management has received increasing government and public attention. The recently developed National Koala Conservation Strategy calls for maintenance of viable populations in the wild. Yet the success of this, and other, conservation initiatives is hampered by lack of reliable and generally accepted national and regional population estimates. In this paper we address this problem in a potentially large, but poorly studied, regional population in the State that is likely to have the largest wild populations. We draw o
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Hynes, E. F., K. A. Handasyde, Geoff Shaw, and Marilyn B. Renfree. "Levonorgestrel, not etonogestrel, provides contraception in free-ranging koalas." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 6 (2010): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd09253.

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Management of high-density koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) populations is essential because of the browsing damage they inflict on their habitat. We have tested two types of gestagen implant, namely levonorgestrel and etonogestrel, as contraceptives for koalas. Free-ranging female koalas were given either a control, levonorgestrel (70 mg) or etonogestrel (34 or 68 mg) implant before the breeding season. Koalas were monitored every 4–12 weeks for births. Plasma progesterone was measured and a cytological smear of the urogenital sinus was taken. Fertility was high in the control group and the two
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Seabrook, Leonie, Clive McAlpine, Greg Baxter, Jonathan Rhodes, Adrian Bradley, and Daniel Lunney. "Drought-driven change in wildlife distribution and numbers: a case study of koalas in south west Queensland." Wildlife Research 38, no. 6 (2011): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr11064.

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Context Global climate change will lead to increased climate variability, including more frequent drought and heatwaves, in many areas of the world. This will affect the distribution and numbers of wildlife populations. In south-west Queensland, anecdotal reports indicated that a low density but significant koala population had been impacted by drought from 2001–2009, in accord with the predicted effects of climate change. Aims The study aimed to compare koala distribution and numbers in south-west Queensland in 2009 with pre-drought estimates from 1995–1997. Methods Community surveys and faec
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Graham, C., L. Woolford, L. Johnson, and K. N. Speight. "Age-dependent changes in gross and histological morphology of the thyroid gland in South Australian koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)." Australian Journal of Zoology 62, no. 5 (2014): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo14011.

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Studies characterising the thyroid gland structure of koalas are limited and have not previously been undertaken in South Australian populations. Hence, this study aimed to describe the thyroid gland morphology of koalas from the Mount Lofty region, South Australia. Results showed that thyroid gland morphology was highly variable between individual koalas (n = 36), ranging from that considered typical for healthy mammals, in which small colloid-filled follicles were lined by cuboidal epithelium, to that consistent with colloidal goitre, in which macrofollicles distended with colloid were lined
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Martin, R. W. "Overbrowsing, and decline of a population of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus, in Victoria. III. Population dynamics." Wildlife Research 12, no. 3 (1985): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9850377.

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The demography of a population of koalas at Walkerville, Victoria, which was severely defoliating its preferred food trees was monitored for 3 yr from Aug. 1977. Population density declined from 3.0 animals/ha in winter 1978 to 0.7/ha in winter 1980. Population density also fluctuated seasonally, with a max. in autumn/winter and a min. in spring. Fertility rate was low compared with that of other populations and declined over the period of the study. This was due to depressed fertility among the younger females and substantial infertility among the older females. Mortality was heaviest in the
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Lunney, Daniel, Mathew S. Crowther, Ian Shannon, and Jessica V. Bryant. "Combining a map-based public survey with an estimation of site occupancy to determine the recent and changing distribution of the koala in New South Wales." Wildlife Research 36, no. 3 (2009): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr08079.

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The present study demonstrates one solution to a problem faced by managers of species of conservation concern – how to develop broad-scale maps of populations, within known general distribution limits, for the purpose of targeted management action. We aimed to map the current populations of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus, in New South Wales, Australia. This cryptic animal is widespread, although patchily distributed. It principally occurs on private property, and it can be hard to detect. We combined a map-based mail survey of rural and outer-urban New South Wales with recent developments i
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Low density populations of koalas"

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Ward, Steven J., University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and of Science Food and Horticulture School. "Koalas and the community : a study of low density populations in Southern Sydney." THESIS_CSTE_SFH_Ward_S.xml, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/265.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution, density, health, condition, fertility, causes of mortality, home range size and tree preferences, of koalas in low density populations in the south of Sydney. This information was then used to make management recommendations; good management is needed because there is rapid human population growth and pressure for development of koala habitat in the Sydney region. State Environment Planning Policy 44(SEPP44) is New South Wales legislation that relates to developments affecting koala habitat. Problems in the application of SEPP44 in the
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Ward, Steven John. "Koalas and the community : a study of low density populations in southern Sydney /." View thesis View thesis, 2002. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030331.112329/index.html.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, 2002.<br>"A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy" Bibliography: leaves 200-215.
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Tcheslavskaia, Ksenia Sergeyevna. "Mating Success in Low-Density Gypsy Moth Populations." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27859.

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Field studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of mating disruption on the mating success of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L), in low-density populations. The gypsy moth is an insect pest of hardwood forests in many regions of the world. The discovery of the sex pheromone disparlure (cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane) produced by females marked the start of a new era in the control and management of gypsy moth populations. Sex pheromones, like disparlure, have been used for detecting new populations, monitoring the spread of populations and for population control based on the disruptio
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Etienne, Freed. "Urban Growth and Segregation in the Roanoke, Virginia, Metropolis: The Effects of Low-Density Development on Low-Income Populations and Racial Minorities." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1393.

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This dissertation examines urban growth patterns in the Roanoke, Virginia, metropolis. It draws on the literature of contemporary human ecology and social area analysis to examine the effects of low-density development on low-income populations and racial minorities. The continuous spread of residential development beyond the boundaries of the central city and older suburbs into more distant, once rural areas is segregating the metropolitan area by race and income. Since the prominence of the so-called "Chicago School" of urban sociology (1913-1940), contemporary urban sociologists have outl
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van, Geel Catherina Francisca (Nienke). "Predator movements in complex geography : spatial distribution and temporal occurrence of low-density bottlenose dolphin communities off western Scotland." Thesis, University of the Highlands and Islands, 2016. https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/predator-movements-in-complex-geography(f898982a-6509-4e73-9340-b0ad7463ae6d).html.

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The coastal waters off western Scotland are inhabited by two small under-studied common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) communities: the Inner Hebrides and the Sound of Barra (SoB) community. The region is considered for future developments for the marine renewables industry, which have the potential to negatively impact these communities; however the assessment of impacts and the development of plans to minimise these are currently hampered by a lack of knowledge about the dolphin's distribution and residency patterns, and spatial and temporal mobility. Using a variety of research met
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Louis, Marceau. "Collective foraging is an efficient strategy for low density population of the bark beetle Ips typographus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) in need for scarce, unpredictable and ephemeral resources." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/222963.

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Ips typographus est le principal ravageur de l'épicéa en Europe, s’attaquant en masse aux arbres vivants en période d’épidémie, par le biais d’une communication chimique. Comme de nombreuses autres espèces de scolytes « agressives », le typographe se reproduit uniquement sur des arbres affaiblis ou des chablis en périodes d’endémie, quand les densités de population ne sont pas suffisantes pour surmonter les défenses des arbres vivants. Ces ressources sont en général présentées dans la littérature comme étant dispersées et imprédictibles dans le temps et l’espace. De plus, ces ressources affaib
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Etienne, Freed G. "Urban growth and segregation in the Roanoke, Virginia, metropolis : the effects of low-density development on low-income populations and racial minorities /." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/2053.

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Books on the topic "Low density populations of koalas"

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Parkinson, Eric A. Impaired school formation at low density: A mechanism for depensatory mortality in sockeye salmon. Vancouver, B.C: Ministry of Environment, Lands, and Parks, Fisheries Branch, Fisheries Research and Development Section, 1990.

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Parkinson, Eric A. Impaired school formation at low density: A mechanism for depensatory mortality in sockeye salmon (Fisheries management report). Ministry of Environment, Lands, and Parks, Fisheries Branch, Fisheries Research and Development Section, 1991.

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Estes, James A., and M. Tim Tinker. Rehabilitating sea otters. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808978.003.0020.

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This chapter examines the complexities of assessing the merits and drawbacks of wildlife rehabilitation. Wildlife rehabilitation is often costly, and the resulting benefits differ depending on whether one’s interest is in the welfare of individual animals or conserving populations. Two examples of this dilemma include the rehabilitation of oiled sea otters following the Exxon Valdez spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska, and the rehabilitation of stranded sea otter pups in central California. In the first example, substantial financial investment resulted in little or no benefits for populatio
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Jacobsen, Dean, and Olivier Dangles. Ecology of High Altitude Waters. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198736868.001.0001.

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This book brings together current knowledge on patterns and processes in the ecology of streams, lakes, and wetlands situated at more than 3000 m above sea level. The alpine headwaters of the large Asian rivers and Lake Titicaca are both well-known and iconic examples. High altitude waters include more than these systems—they are both numerous and cover many habitat types, organisms, and specializations. The book provides an overview of the variety of aquatic ecosystems and habitats, their environmental features, prominent species, and their functional adaptations to the harsh aquatic environm
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Book chapters on the topic "Low density populations of koalas"

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Van Der Hulst, J. M., E. D. Skillman, G. D. Bothun, and T. R. Smith. "The HI Surface Density in Low Surface Brightness Galaxies." In The Stellar Populations of Galaxies, 499. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2434-8_166.

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Gulyaev, S. A. "Review of the Populations of Highly-Excited States of Atoms in Low-Density Plasmas." In Radio Recombination Lines: 25 Years of Investigation, 37–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0625-9_3.

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Botsford, Louis W., J. Wilson White, and Alan Hastings. "Age-structured models with density-dependent recruitment." In Population Dynamics for Conservation, 166–93. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758365.003.0007.

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This chapter examines age-structured models with density-dependent recruitment. In particular, it focuses on populations with over-compensatory density dependence, such as may occur due to cannibalism or some types of space competition. When the slope (at the equilibrium point) of the relationship between egg production and subsequent recruitment is declining in an over-compensatory way, the population may exhibit unstable limit cycles with period twice the generation time (2T). These cycles occur when that slope is steeply negative and the spawning age distribution has a high mean and low width. These results are applied to study the behavior of cycles in the U.S. west coast Dungeness crab fishery, variability in populations of an intertidal barnacle, and cycles in populations of a pest, the flour beetle. Additionally, it is shown how single-sex harvesting and compensatory growth affect population cycles and equilibria.
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Rubio-Méndez, Gabriel, Alberto Prado, Jacqueline C. Bede, José Arturo De-Nova, Joel Flores, Juan Antonio Reyes-Agüero, and Laura Yáñez-Espinosa. "The Endangered Species Dioon edule in the Sierra Madre Oriental in San Luis Potosí: Demography and Genetic Diversity." In Natural History and Ecology of Mexico and Central America. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96372.

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The distribution of the endangered species Dioon edule is in populations scattered throughout the Sierra Madre Oriental in San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Its habitat is tropical dry forests at lower elevations and oak forests at higher elevations, mainly disturbed by anthropic activities. We determined and analyzed nine populations’ demographic structure and explored the genetic diversity of five using SSR markers. The population density averaged 2050 individuals ha-1 and have an aggregated distribution pattern. Differences in the plants’ size among localities are due to site quality, based on their adaptation capacity and response to climate and soil traits. Most populations have the highest mortality in the early stages of life, with a low mortality rate for those who survive this bottleneck. Two populations have a relatively constant mortality rate, attributed to disturbance of the habitat. The populations show low genetic diversity and an excess of homozygotes. Their similarity is probably related to the formation of natural corridors favoring connectivity between populations. The deterioration and fragmentation of the habitat have severe effects on the populations’ viability, like reducing gene flow, which has led to inbreeding and genetic drift.
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Tanhuanpää, Miia, and Kai Ruohomäki. "Population Cycles of the Autumnal Moth in Fennoscandia." In Population Cycles. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195140989.003.0012.

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Most species of insect herbivores are restricted to low densities, but some display large-scale density fluctuations, including periodic outbreaks (Faeth 1987, Mason 1987, Hanski 1990, Hunter 1995). The tendency to reach high densities has been related to certain life history traits (Hunter 1991, 1995, Tammaru and Haukioja 1996). However, all populations of a given outbreaking species do not necessarily display high densities. In those cases, outbreaks are frequently more pronounced in populations in physically severe and marginal habitats (Wallner 1987, Myers and Rothman 1995). The autumnal moth, Epirrita autumnata (Borkhausen) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) is an example of a species with both outbreaking and nonoutbreaking populations. In mountain birch [Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii (Orlova) Hämet-Ahti] forests of northern and mountainous Fennoscandia (hereafter northern populations), E. autumnata displays fluctuations with a statistically significant periodicity of 9-10 years (Tenow 1972, Haukioja et al. 1988, Bylund 1995). During outbreaks, forests may be totally defoliated and trees may even die over large areas (Tenow 1972, Lehtonen and Heikkinen 1995). In more southern parts of the species' Holarctic distribution (hereafter southern populations), outbreaks are absent and populations remain at low densities. Cycles of northern E. autumnata populations vary in their amplitude (Tenow 1972). Outbreak densities that produce conspicuous defoliation are typically reached in only some areas, and often in different areas during successive peaks (Tenow and Bylund 1989). Empirical data indicate a fairly regular pattern of fluctuations, that is synchronous on a regional scale, also in populations with moderate or low peak densities (Bylund 1997). Thus, there are two main questions regarding population regulation of northern and mountainous E. autumnata—what causes the cycles, and what causes spatial variations in outbreak severity? In southern populations, the main question is what prevents outbreaks? Larvae of E. autumnata hatch early in spring at the time of birch bud break. Birches (Betula spp.) are the main host plants, although larvae are able to feed on many deciduous trees and shrubs (Seppänen 1970).
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"Burbot: Ecology, Management, and Culture." In Burbot: Ecology, Management, and Culture, edited by Martin A. Stapanian, Charles P. Madenjian, Charles R. Bronte, Mark P. Ebener, Brian F. Lantry, and Jason D. Stockwell. American Fisheries Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569988.ch7.

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Abstract.—Burbot &lt;em&gt;Lota lota &lt;/em&gt;populations collapsed in four of the five Laurentian Great Lakes between 1930 and the early 1960s. Collapses in Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Ontario were associated with sea lamprey &lt;em&gt;Petromyzon marinus &lt;/em&gt;predation, whereas the collapse in Lake Erie was likely due to a combination of overexploitation, decreased water quality, and habitat degradation. We examined time series for burbot population density in all five lakes extending as far back as the early 1970s to present time and characterized the long-term trends after the initial collapses. Burbot population density in Lake Superior has remained relatively low and stable since 1978. Recovery of the burbot populations occurred in Lakes Michigan and Huron during the 1980s and in Lake Erie during the 1990s. Control of sea lampreys was a requirement for recovery of burbot populations in these three lakes. Declines in alewife &lt;em&gt;Alosa pseudoharengus &lt;/em&gt;abundance appeared to be a second requirement for burbot recovery in Lakes Michigan and Huron. Alewives have been implicated in the decline of certain Great Lakes fish stocks that have pelagic larvae (e.g., burbot) by consuming the pelagic fry and possibly by outcompeting the fry for food. Relatively high populations of adult lake trout &lt;em&gt;Salvelinus namaycush &lt;/em&gt;compared to burbot served as a buffer against predation by sea lampreys in Lakes Huron and Erie, which facilitated recovery of the burbot populations there. Although sea lampreys have been controlled in Lake Ontario, alewives are probably still too abundant to permit burbot recovery.
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Botsford, Louis W., J. Wilson White, and Alan Hastings. "Linear, age-structured models and their long-term dynamics." In Population Dynamics for Conservation, 54–86. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758365.003.0003.

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The chapter describes age-structured models that are linear (i.e. without density dependence). Like simple (non-age-structured) linear models they eventually either increase to infinity or decrease to zero. They are only appropriate when density dependence is not an important factor, such as recently introduced populations or those that have declined to low abundance. The chapter steps through several different ways of formulating such models. First are Lotka’s renewal equation and the M’Kendrick/von Foerster equation, both continuous time, continuous age models. Next is the Leslie matrix, which operates in discrete age and time. Solutions to linear matrix equations, such as the Leslie matrix, can be written in a general way in terms of eigenvalues and eigenvectors. These form the basis of analyses of dynamic stability throughout the book. Practically speaking, the Leslie matrix approach is the primary model used in modern ecology.
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"Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Catfish: The Second International Symposium." In Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Catfish: The Second International Symposium, edited by ROBERT S. GREENLEE and CATHERINE N. LIM. American Fisheries Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874257.ch30.

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&lt;em&gt;Abstract&lt;/em&gt;.—Introduced blue catfish &lt;em&gt;Ictalurus furcatus&lt;/em&gt; populations in tidal rivers of the Atlantic slope support important recreational and commercial fisheries, with the James River trophy fishery being nationally recognized. During the period 2001–2008, low-frequency (15 pulses/s) pulsed DC electrofishing was used to sample blue catfish in tidal fresh-oligohaline sections of the James, Mattaponi, Pamunkey, and Rappahannock River systems; 54,174 blue catfish were collected, and 4,660 of these were aged using otoliths. Mean catch per unit effort (CPUE) was generally high (ranging from 223 to 6,106 fish per hour). Trends of increasing CPUE through time occurred in the James (839–4,449 fish per hour) and Rappahannock (1,400–6,106 fish per hour) rivers, and differences in CPUE were detected among rivers. Temporal shifts in growth (mean length at age) were observed, with growth slowing for all ages in the Pamunkey River and slowing for older ages in the Mattaponi (ages 9–13) and Rappahannock (ages 8–12 and age 14) rivers. In the Pamunkey and Rappahannock rivers, a negative relationship existed between growth (mean length at age 10) and density (CPUE). Although density increased dramatically in the James River, growth remained stable. Growth varied among rivers; by the end of the study, mean total length at age 10 ranged from 416 mm in the Rappahannock River to 675 mm in the James River. Growth through age 15 fi t linear models, as opposed to the von Bertalanffy nonlinear curve. In three of the four populations, the maximum age sampled increased in each succeeding survey year, and the maturing of all four populations was reflected in concurrent increases in size distributions. Recruitment was variable, with coincident strong and weak year-classes occurring in all four populations—an implication that landscape-level environmental variables play a role in determining recruitment success. In three of the four populations, patterns in year-class strength persisted, with correlation of catch-curve residuals from surveys separated by time. Approximately 35 years poststocking in the James and Rappahannock rivers and 25 years poststocking in the Mattaponi River, these populations had not yet reached equilibrium. It is unknown what the dynamics of blue catfish abundance, growth, and survival will be in the long-term in these rivers, leaving uncertainty regarding the future of the fisheries the populations support, as well as unanswered questions related to potential effects on other species.
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"Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Catfish: The Second International Symposium." In Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Catfish: The Second International Symposium, edited by MARK T. PORATH, LARRY D. PAPE, LINDSEY K. RICHTERS, KEVIN L. POPE, and MARK A. PEGG. American Fisheries Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874257.ch47.

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&lt;em&gt;Abstract&lt;/em&gt;.—In recent years, several state agencies have adopted the use of baited, tandem-set hoop nets to assess lentic channel catfish &lt;em&gt;Ictalurus punctatus&lt;/em&gt; populations. Some level of escapement from the net is expected because an opening exists in each throat of the net, although factors influencing rates of escapement from hoop nets have not been quantified. We conducted experiments to quantify rates of escapement and to determine the influence of throat configuration and fish density within the net on escapement rates. An initial experiment to determine the rate of escapement from each net compartment utilized individually tagged channel catfish placed within the entrance (between the two throats) and cod (within the second throat) compartments of a single hoop net for overnight sets. From this experiment, the mean rate (SE) of channel catfish escaping was 4.2% (±1.5) from the cod (cod throat was additionally restricted from the traditionally manufactured product), and 74% (±4.2) from the entrance compartments. In a subsequent experiment, channel catfish were placed only in the cod compartment with different throat configurations (restricted or unrestricted) and at two densities (low [6 fish per net] and high [60 fish per net]) for overnight sets to determine the influence of fish density and throat configuration on escapement rates. Escapement rates between throat configurations were doubled at low fish density (13.3 ± 5.4% restricted versus 26.7 ± 5.6% unrestricted) and tripled at high fish density (14.3 ± 4.9% restricted versus 51.9 ± 5.0% unrestricted). These results suggest that retention efficiency is high from cod compartments with restricted throat entrances. However, managers and researchers need to be aware that modification to the cod throats (restrictions) is needed for hoop nets ordered from manufacturers. Managers need to be consistent in their use and reporting of cod end throat configurations when using this gear.
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Saely, Christoph H. "Metabolic syndrome and diabetes." In The ESC Handbook on Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy, edited by Heinz Drexel and Massimo Francesco Piepoli, 49–58. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198759935.003.0003.

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The metabolic syndrome (MetS) and even more so diabetes confer a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease. A multifactorial approach is required to improve the prognosis of patients with the MetS or diabetes. Glucose control is essential to reduce microvascular diabetes complications and, over long periods of time, may also lower the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. As in other patient populations, lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and treating arterial hypertension are paramount interventions to reduce cardiovascular event risk in patients with the MetS and diabetes. Most patients with diabetes must be considered at a very high risk of cardiovascular events, which qualifies them for low LDL cholesterol targets. An-tiplatelet therapy is recommended for patients with the MetS or diabetes who already have established cardiovascular disease. Because the MetS or diabetes confers an extremely high risk of cardiovascular events once cardiovascular disease is established, it is extremely important to intervene early to prevent these patients from developing cardiovascular disease.
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Conference papers on the topic "Low density populations of koalas"

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Amar, Haddad, Redjaimia L. ilia, Kadi Zahia, Rached-Kanouni Malika, and Kara Karima. "ASSESSING THE HEALTH OF THE CHETTABA FOREST (ALGERIA)." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b2/v3/01.

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The establishment and interpretation of diameter and height structures are essential for forest management decisions. This study aims to describe the diameter structure and spatial distribution of Pinus halpensis populations in the Chettaba state forest (Constantine, Algeria). The knowledge of these parameters is an essential step for their sustainable management. The diameter at 1.30 m from the ground and the total height of P. halpensis individuals were measured on 6 plots along an altitudinal gradient. The height structure shows that trees in the height classes between 5 and 10m have a very
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Pereira, J., C. Cretney, and R. H. Aster. "VARIABLE EXPRESSION OF ALLOANTIGENS IN PLATELET COHORTS OF DIFFERENT MEAN DENSITY:AN EFFECT OF AGING IN VIVO." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644158.

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Platelets differ widely in size and density, but the relationship of this heterogeneity to platelet age and function is not established. Published evidence suggests that platelet alloantigens of the HLA and PlA systems may be acquired by or releasedfrom platelets in the circulation. We therefore studied expression of HLA, PlAl, and other markers in platelet cohorts of high density (HD) and low density (LD) separated on a linear, isoosmotic arabinogalactan gradient. HD and LD cohorts contained 11-14% of total platelets and did not differ significantly in mean cell volume. Alloantibodies reactiv
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Lambrecht, Marlies, and Abderrahim Almazouzi. "The Influence Irradiation-Induced Microstructure on the Hardening of RPV Steels." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75109.

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The hardening and embrittlement of reactor pressure vessel steels has been investigated for many years. Nowadays, a consensus is reached assuming a two-component hardening model of copper-enriched clusters and matrix damage. Nevertheless, despite being the subject of significant research efforts, it is still a debatable question, whether a linear or quadratic superposition law is appropriate. The inaccuracy of either choice might be the effect of the existence of different populations of defects, such as loops, decorated interstitial and vacancy clusters, as every defect contributes to the har
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Mohr, S., Y. H. Zhang, A. Macaskill, P. J. R. Day, R. W. Barber, N. J. Goddard, D. R. Emerson, and P. R. Fielden. "Optimal Design and Operation for a Droplet-Based PCR Chip." In ASME 4th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2006-96131.

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A two-temperature continuous-flow PCR polymer chip has been constructed that takes advantage of droplet technology to avoid sample contamination and adsorption at the surface. Samples contained in aqueous droplets are continuously moved by an oil carrier-fluid through various temperature zones, introducing the possibility of real-time quantitative PCR. The use of droplet technology also makes it possible to perform high throughput analyses of single cells allowing the study of populations of cells and facilitating a more comprehensive understanding of biological variance with relation to disea
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