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Journal articles on the topic 'Low-grade obesity'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Pereira, Solange S., and Jacqueline I. Alvarez-Leite. "Low-Grade Inflammation, Obesity, and Diabetes." Current Obesity Reports 3, no. 4 (2014): 422–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13679-014-0124-9.

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Wärnberg, Julia, Karen Cunningham, Javier Romeo, and Ascension Marcos. "Physical activity, exercise and low-grade systemic inflammation." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 69, no. 3 (2010): 400–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665110001928.

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Prospective studies have shown that chronic low-grade inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of the most common chronic diseases and in particular CVD. Obesity has repeatedly been associated with moderately raised levels of inflammation, and this observation has led to the view that obesity is characterised by a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. There is now great interest in elucidating how physical activity and exercise modulate inflammation. This review summarises the current research addressing the influence of physical activity and exercise in mitigating the risks of obesi

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Devasani, Karan, and Anuradha Majumdar. "Pyrroloquinoline quinone attenuates obesity associated low grade inflammation." Obesity Medicine 16 (December 2019): 100134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.obmed.2019.100134.

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Tam, C. S., K. Clément, L. A. Baur, and J. Tordjman. "Obesity and low-grade inflammation: a paediatric perspective." Obesity Reviews 11, no. 2 (2010): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789x.2009.00674.x.

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Herder, Christian, Sophie Schneitler, Wolfgang Rathmann, et al. "Low-Grade Inflammation, Obesity, and Insulin Resistance in Adolescents." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 92, no. 12 (2007): 4569–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2007-0955.

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Abstract Context: Low-grade inflammation is associated with insulin resistance and precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults, but there are no comparable data in youth. Objective: The objective of the study was to characterize the pattern of subclinical immune activation that is associated with indices of obesity and insulin resistance in youth and analyze whether this association is explained by obesity. Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Setting: Medical check-up of schoolchildren was conducted by the Public Health Office in Düsseldorf (Germany). Participants: Particip

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Power Guerra, Nicole, Luisa Müller, Kristin Pilz, et al. "Dietary-Induced Low-Grade Inflammation in the Liver." Biomedicines 8, no. 12 (2020): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8120587.

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The literature describes a close correlation between metabolic disorders and abnormal immune responses, like low-grade inflammation (LGI), which may be one mechanistic link between obesity and various comorbidities, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In our study, we investigated the influence of dietary composition on obesity-derived LGI in the liver. We used a dietary induced obesity mouse model of C57BL/6J mice fed with high fat diet (HFD, 60% fat, 20% protein, 20% carbohydrates) and two different controls. One was rich in carbohydrates (10% fat, 20% protein, 70% carbohydr

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Chen, Chang, Zhijuan Jin, You Yang, et al. "Association of low birth weight with thinness and severe obesity in children aged 3–12 years: a large-scale population-based cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China." BMJ Open 9, no. 5 (2019): e028738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028738.

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ObjectivesLow birth weight (BW) is a general symbol of inadequate intrauterine conditions that elicit abnormal fetal growth and development. The aim of current study is to investigate the relationship between low BW and thinness or severe obesity during maturation.DesignA large-scale cross-sectional population-based survey.Setting134 kindergartens and 70 elementary schools.Participants70 284 Chinese children aged 3–12 years.Outcome measuresInternational Obesity Task Force body mass index (BMI) cut-offs were used to define grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3 thinness, overweight, obesity and severe ob

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Arif Ali, Muhammad, and Faran Nasir. "OBESITY." Professional Medical Journal 23, no. 02 (2016): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2016.23.02.1068.

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Objectives: To find out the prevalence of risk factors of heart diseases in obesepatients. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: OPD of IndependentUniversity Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: One week duration extending from 4th to 10th May 2015.Patients and Methods: 90 Patients were selected by convenient sampling. A semi-structuredquestionnaire was used to collect the information from the sample. An informed consent wasalso obtained from the respondents under study and the secrecy of information was ensured.Results: Of the 90 patients under study, 33 (36.26%) were Grade 1 Obe

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Chen, Chang, Zhijuan Jin, You Yang, et al. "Prevalence of grade 1, 2 and 3 thinness is associated with lower socio-economic status in children in Shanghai, China." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 11 (2016): 2002–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016000045.

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AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the prevalence of grade 1, 2 and 3 thinness among Chinese children and to explore their associations with socio-economic status (SES).DesignA population, school-based cross-sectional study using multistage, stratified cluster random sampling. Grade 1, 2 and 3 thinness, overweight, obesity and severe obesity were defined by the International Obesity Task Force BMI cut-offs.SettingSeven districts of Shanghai, China.SubjectsChinese children aged 3–12 years (n 84 075).ResultsIn boys and girls, respectively, the prevalence of grade 1 thinness was 8·89 % and

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Yang, Jiaxin, Wanyi Li, and Yuanwei Wang. "Capsaicin Reduces Obesity by Reducing Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 16 (2024): 8979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168979.

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Chronic low-grade inflammation (CLGI) is associated with obesity and is one of its pathogenetic mechanisms. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls, is the principal cause of CLGI. Studies have found that capsaicin significantly reduces the relative abundance of LPS-producing bacteria. In the present study, TRPV1-knockout (TRPV1−/−) C57BL/6J mice and the intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2 (TRPV1−/−) were used as models to determine the effect of capsaicin on CLGI and elucidate the mechanism by which it mediates weight loss in vivo and in vitro. We found

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Oliveira, Ana Raquel Soares de, Kyria Jayanne Clímaco Cruz, Juliana Soares Severo, et al. "Hypomagnesemia and its relation with chronic low-grade inflammation in obesity." Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 63, no. 2 (2017): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.63.02.156.

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Summary Introduction: The accumulation of visceral fat in obesity is associated with excessive production of proinflammatory adipokines, which contributes to low-grade chronic inflammation state. Moreover, the literature has shown that mineral deficiency, in particular of magnesium, has important role in the pathogenesis of this metabolic disorder with relevant clinical repercussions. Objective: To bring updated information about the participation of hypomagnesemia in the manifestation of low-grade chronic inflammation in obese individuals. Method: Articles published in PubMed, SciELO, LILACS

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Parisi, Francesca, Roberta Milazzo, Valeria M. Savasi, and Irene Cetin. "Maternal Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation and Intrauterine Programming of Health and Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 4 (2021): 1732. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041732.

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Overweight and obesity during pregnancy have been associated with increased birth weight, childhood obesity, and noncommunicable diseases in the offspring, leading to a vicious transgenerational perpetuating of metabolic derangements. Key components in intrauterine developmental programming still remain to be identified. Obesity involves chronic low-grade systemic inflammation that, in addition to physiological adaptations to pregnancy, may potentially expand to the placental interface and lead to intrauterine derangements with a threshold effect. Animal models, where maternal inflammation is

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Alonso-Pérez, Ana, María Guillán-Fresco, Miriam López-Fagúndez, et al. "Effect and Regulation of Obesity-Associated Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation in Major Rheumatic Diseases." Rheumato 2, no. 4 (2022): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rheumato2040016.

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Current lifestyle and environmental factors contribute to obesity development, leading to low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI). Apart from obesity, LGCI is also related to rheumatic diseases such as osteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA). In these, an excessive accumulation of adipose tissue has been linked to an excessive production of proinflammatory factors, such as adipokines. This work’s aim is to stablish the effect of obesity-associated LGCI in major rheumatic diseases and to determine optimal strategies to reduce it. Obesity is a risk factor for developing OA, where a systemic LGCI

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Roshni, Acha Biju* Anu Anna Varghese Renuka R. Elessy Abraham. "ROLE OF GUT MICROFLORA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF OBESITY AND TYPE II DIABETES." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 05, no. 09 (2018): 9562–69. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1450298.

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<em>Obesity and its associated complications like Type II diabetes are reaching epidemic stages. Increased food intake and lack of exercise are two main contributing factors. Recent work has been highlighting an increasingly more important role of gut microbiota in metabolic disorders.</em><em> The human gut harbours more than 100 trillion microbial cells, which have an essential role in human metabolic regulation via their symbiotic interactions with the host. The gut microbiota plays a major role in the development of food absorption and low grade inflammation, two key processes in obesity a

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Rudnicka, Ewa, Katarzyna Suchta, Monika Grymowicz, et al. "Chronic Low Grade Inflammation in Pathogenesis of PCOS." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 7 (2021): 3789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073789.

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a one of the most common endocrine disorders, with a prevalence rate of 5–10% in reproductive aged women. It’s characterized by (1) chronic anovulation, (2) biochemical and/or clinical hyperandrogenism, and (3) polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS has significant clinical implications and can lead to health problems related to the accumulation of adipose tissue, such as obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. There is also evidence that PCOS patients are at higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, and high blood p

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Zeddou, Mustapha. "Osteoarthritis Is a Low-Grade Inflammatory Disease: Obesity’s Involvement and Herbal Treatment." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (November 4, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2037484.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered a major cause of disability around the globe. This handicapping disease causes important cartilage and bone alteration that is associated with serious pains and loss of joint function. Despite its frequent association with obesity, the aetiology of OA is not fully understood. In this review, the different aspects of OA and its correlation with obesity were analysed. Through examining different mechanisms by which obesity may trigger and/or exacerbate OA, we point out some relevant signalling pathways that may evolve as candidates for pharmacological drug devel

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Tarantino, Giovanni. "Gut Microbiome, Obesity-Related Comorbidities, and Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 99, no. 7 (2014): 2343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-2074.

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Krasteva, Niya A., Boiko R. Shentov, Adelaida L. Ruseva, Chaika K. Petrova, and Simeon P. Petkov. "Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation in Children with Asthma and Obesity." Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research 11, no. 2 (2018): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2018-0018.

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Summary The rising incidence of bronchial asthma and obesity in children raises the question of whether there is a link between them. Chronic low-grade systemic inflammation could be one of the linking mechanisms. We aimed to determine the serum concentrations of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor a (TNF-a) in children with asthma and obesity and to seek a relationship between these inflammatory markers and asthma control. We investigated 88 children aged 6 to 17 years - 25 asthmatic obese children (AsOb), 25 asthmatic non-obese children

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Polak-Szczybyło, Ewelina. "Low-Grade Inflammation and Role of Anti-Inflammatory Diet in Childhood Obesity." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (2023): 1682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031682.

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At present, pediatric obesity is a significant public health concern. We have seen a surge of disorders that are obesity-related, e.g., insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, cancer, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), autoimmune disorders and many more. The mechanisms linking these diseases to excess body weight are related to low-grade inflammation (LGI). Although there is a limited number of studies assessing this immune process in childhood obesity, they indicate its significant importance for the health of future genera

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Vetrani, Claudia, Andrea Di Nisio, Stavroula A. Paschou, et al. "From Gut Microbiota through Low-Grade Inflammation to Obesity: Key Players and Potential Targets." Nutrients 14, no. 10 (2022): 2103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14102103.

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During the last decades, the gut microbiota has gained much interest in relation to human health. Mounting evidence has shown a strict association between gut microbiota and obesity and its related diseases. Inflammation has been appointed as the driving force behind this association. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which gut microbiota might influence inflammation in the host could pave for the identification of effective strategies to reduce inflammation-related diseases, such as obesity and obesity-related diseases. For this purpose, we carried out an extensive litera

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Mraz, Milos, and Martin Haluzik. "The role of adipose tissue immune cells in obesity and low-grade inflammation." Journal of Endocrinology 222, no. 3 (2014): R113—R127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-14-0283.

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Adipose tissue (AT) lies at the crossroad of nutrition, metabolism, and immunity; AT inflammation was proposed as a central mechanism connecting obesity with its metabolic and vascular complications. Resident immune cells constitute the second largest AT cellular component after adipocytes and as such play important roles in the maintenance of AT homeostasis. Obesity-induced changes in their number and activity result in the activation of local and later systemic inflammatory response, marking the transition from simple adiposity to diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertens

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Spyridaki, Eirini C., Panagiotis Simos, Pavlina D. Avgoustinaki, et al. "The association between obesity and fluid intelligence impairment is mediated by chronic low-grade inflammation." British Journal of Nutrition 112, no. 10 (2014): 1724–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114514002207.

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Published evidence suggests that obesity impairs cognition. Development of chronic low-grade inflammation (CLGI) represents the earliest consequence of obesity. The present study investigated the association between obesity and fluid intelligence impairment and assessed the potential mediating role of CLGI and psychological (depression/anxiety symptoms), lifestyle (exercise) and physiological (metabolic dysfunction indices) factors in this association. Clinically healthy participants (n 188), grouped as per BMI, underwent cognitive (General Ability Measure for Adults), psychological (Beck Depr

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Reguero, Marina, Marta Gómez de Cedrón, Aranzazu Sierra-Ramírez, et al. "Pomegranate Extract Augments Energy Expenditure Counteracting the Metabolic Stress Associated with High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 18 (2022): 10460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810460.

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Obesity is associated to a low grade of chronic inflammation leading to metabolic stress, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, dislipidemia, cardiovascular disease, and even cancer. A Mediterranean diet has been shown to reduce systemic inflammatory factors, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. In this scenario, precision nutrition may provide complementary approaches to target the metabolic alterations associated to “unhealthy obesity”. In a previous work, we described a pomegranate extract (PomE) rich in punicalagines to augment markers of browning and thermogenesis in human differ

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Mancini, Antonio, Carmine Bruno, Edoardo Vergani, Claudia d’Abate, Elena Giacchi, and Andrea Silvestrini. "Oxidative Stress and Low-Grade Inflammation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Controversies and New Insights." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 4 (2021): 1667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041667.

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The pathophysiology of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is quite complex and different mechanisms could contribute to hyperandrogenism and anovulation, which are the main features of the syndrome. Obesity and insulin-resistance are claimed as the principal factors contributing to the clinical presentation; in normal weight PCOS either, increased visceral adipose tissue has been described. However, their role is still debated, as debated are the biochemical markers linked to obesity per se. Oxidative stress (OS) and low-grade inflammation (LGI) have recently been a matter of researcher attentio

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Fic, Weronika, and Ewelina Polak-Szczybyło. "Dietary Factors Influencing the Intensity of Low-Grade Inflammation in Obesity." Obesities 5, no. 1 (2025): 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/obesities5010012.

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According to WHO (World Health Organization), in 2022, 43% of adults worldwide were overweight and 16% suffered from obesity. Overweight and obesity is a condition in which the body, due to the excess of consumed calories, accumulates it in the form of adipose tissue. However, this tissue is not only an energy store but also secretes numerous adipokines, mainly with pro-inflammatory effects. The mobilization of the immune system due to the accumulation of adipose tissue is called low-grade inflammation (LGI) and is a mediating factor between excess body weight and diseases such as cardiovascul

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Corona-Meraz, Fernanda-Isadora, Rosa-Elena Navarro-Hernández, Sandra-Luz Ruíz-Quezada, et al. "Inverse Relationship of theCMKLR1Relative Expression and Chemerin Serum Levels in Obesity with Dysmetabolic Phenotype and Insulin Resistance." Mediators of Inflammation 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3085390.

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Background. In obesity there is a subclinical chronic low-grade inflammatory response where insulin resistance (IR) may develop. Chemerin is secreted in white adipose tissue and promotes low-grade inflammatory process, where it expressedCMKLR1receptor. The role of chemerin andCMKLR1in inflammatory process secondary to obesity is not defined yet.Methods. Cross-sectional study with 134 individuals classified as with and without obesity by body mass index (BMI) and IR. Body fat storage measurements and metabolic and inflammatory markers were measured by routine methods. Soluble chemerin and basal

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Iacomino, Giuseppe, Paola Russo, Pasquale Marena, et al. "Circulating microRNAs are associated with early childhood obesity: results of the I.Family Study." Genes & Nutrition 14, no. 1 (2019): 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12263-018-0622-6.

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<strong>Background: </strong>Nearly 10 years ago, the World Health Organization reported the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity worldwide as a challenge for public health due to the associated adverse consequences. Epidemiological studies established a firm relationship between an elevated body mass index and chronic conditions such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, heart disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and some types of cancer. Omic studies demonstrated that microRNA (miRNA) profile changes in tissues correlate with a number of diseases, including obesity. Rece

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Khamassi, S., F. Boukhayatia, E. Bornaz, et al. "Nutrient intake and low-grade inflammation in the context of obesity." Clinical Nutrition ESPEN 63 (October 2024): 1128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.07.475.

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Valtonen, Maarit K., David E. Laaksonen, Jari A. Laukkanen, et al. "Low-grade inflammation and depressive symptoms as predictors of abdominal obesity." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 40, no. 7 (2012): 674–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494812461730.

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Samocha-Bonet, Dorit, Dov Lichtenberg, Aaron Tomer, et al. "Enhanced Erythrocyte Adhesiveness/Aggregation in Obesity Corresponds to Low-Grade Inflammation." Obesity Research 11, no. 3 (2003): 403–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/oby.2003.54.

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Rowicka, Grażyna, Hanna Dyląg, Magdalena Chełchowska, Halina Weker, and Jadwiga Ambroszkiewicz. "Serum Calprotectin and Chemerin Concentrations as Markers of Low-Grade Inflammation in Prepubertal Children with Obesity." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 20 (2020): 7575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207575.

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In adults, obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, which may cause long-term adverse health consequences. We evaluated whether obesity in prepubertal children also generates this kind of inflammation and whether calprotectin and chemerin may be useful markers for early detection of such inflammation in this group of children. The study population included 83 children aged 2 to 10 years; 62 with obesity and without components of metabolic syndrome and 21 healthy controls with normal body weight. White blood cell (WBC) count, concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interle

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Peng, Yu, Huixia Ren, Hongxun Tao, et al. "Metabolomics study of the anti-inflammatory effects of endogenous omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids." RSC Advances 9, no. 71 (2019): 41903–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra08356a.

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Low-grade inflammation is usually defined as the chronic production and a low-grade state of inflammatory factors, it often does not have symptoms, and has been associated with neurodegenerative disease, obesity, and diabetes.

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Soenarto, Soenarto, and Helena Anneke Sendow-Tangkilisan. "Relationship between obesity and leptin serum among low socioeconomic primary school children aged 5-7 years." Paediatrica Indonesiana 50, no. 3 (2010): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi50.3.2010.166-9.

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Background Obesity has become a major health problem globally, indicates as an epidemic problem by World Health Organization (WHO). Adiposity rebound period may represent critical period for the development of adiposity. Recent data suggest that, in industrialized countries, people of low socioeconomic group are more likely to be obese than their high socioeconomic counterparts. Level of serum leptin was reported to be higher in obese subjects. There has been lack of data regarding leptin serum level in Indonesian obese children.Objective This study aimed to investigate leptin serum level in l

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Jain, Vishal Kirti, Madan Mohan Agrawal, Sher Singh Yadav, and Neeraj Agarwal. "Is There Any Relation Between High-Grade Prostate Cancer and Central Obesity, Hyperinsulinemia and Dyslipidemia?" Journal of Medical Sciences and Health 9, no. 2 (2023): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.46347/jmsh.v9i2.22.436.

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Background: Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the sixth leading cause of cancer death in men, worldwide. Incidence of prostate cancer in India is on the rise. Most studies suggest that obesity has a positive correlation with a higher risk of developing high-grade PCa and dying of PCa. Central obesity and related biochemical alterations in terms of hyperinsulinemia and dyslipidemia are associated with severity of prostate cancer in terms of high Gleason score. Materials & Methods: Central obesity was assessed using anthropometric measurements including waist hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI)

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Rychter, Anna Maria, Liliana Łykowska-Szuber, Agnieszka Zawada, et al. "Why Does Obesity as an Inflammatory Condition Predispose to Colorectal Cancer?" Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 7 (2023): 2451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12072451.

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Obesity is a complex and multifactorial problem of global importance. Additionally, obesity causes chronic inflammation, upregulates cell growth, disturbs the immune system, and causes genomic instability, increasing the risk of carcinogenesis. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers, and it has become a global problem. In 2018, there were around 1.8 million new cases and around 881,000 deaths worldwide. Another risk factor of colorectal cancer associated with obesity is poor diet. A Western diet, including a high intake of red and processed meat and a low consumption of whole grai

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Li, He, Ya Meng, Shuwang He, et al. "Macrophages, Chronic Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance." Cells 11, no. 19 (2022): 3001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11193001.

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The prevalence of obesity has reached alarming levels, which is considered a major risk factor for several metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), non-alcoholic fatty liver, atherosclerosis, and ischemic cardiovascular disease. Obesity-induced chronic, low-grade inflammation may lead to insulin resistance, and it is well-recognized that macrophages play a major role in such inflammation. In the current review, the molecular mechanisms underlying macrophages, low-grade tissue inflammation, insulin resistance, and T2D are described. Also, the role of macrophages in obesity-induced i

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Litwiniuk, Anna, Wojciech Bik, Małgorzata Kalisz, and Agnieszka Baranowska-Bik. "Inflammasome NLRP3 Potentially Links Obesity-Associated Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Insulin Resistance with Alzheimer’s Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11 (2021): 5603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115603.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative dementia. Metabolic disorders including obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may stimulate amyloid β (Aβ) aggregate formation. AD, obesity, and T2DM share similar features such as chronic inflammation, increased oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and impaired energy metabolism. Adiposity is associated with the pro-inflammatory phenotype. Adiposity-related inflammatory factors lead to the formation of inflammasome complexes, which are responsible for the activation, maturation, and release of the pro-inflammatory cy

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Vučević, Danijela, Đorđe Radak, Drago Đorđević, et al. "Chronic low grade inflammation in aging process as a link on a chain of obesity: Related vascular disorders." Medicinska istrazivanja 52, no. 3 (2018): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/medist1801032v.

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The pathogenesis of obesity-related vascular disorders has not been fully elucidated. The fundamental role of inflammation in aging process is now widely recognized, particularly for atherosclerotic disease which begins before birth. The number of obese individuals worldwide has reached two billion, leading to an explosion of obesity-related vascular disorders associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Obesity, as a chronic low grade inflammatory process, is important risk factor for metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Despite a well-known genetic component, this risk appears to orig

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Gonzalo-Encabo, Paola, Gonzalo Maldonado, David Valadés, Carmen Ferragut, and Alberto Pérez-López. "The Role of Exercise Training on Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation in Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24 (2021): 13258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413258.

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Low-grade systemic inflammation leads to critical alterations of several tissues and organs that can promote the appearance of non-communicable diseases, a risk that is increased in adults with obesity. Exercise training may counteract low-grade systemic inflammation, but there is a lack of consensus on how cytokines are modulated by training in adults with obesity. This study aimed of examining the effects of exercise training on circulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in adults with overweight and obesity, and whether exercise-induced fat mass reduction could mediate that effect. Th

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Cusimano, Maria C., Andrea N. Simpson, Angela Han, et al. "Barriers to care for women with low-grade endometrial cancer and morbid obesity: a qualitative study." BMJ Open 9, no. 6 (2019): e026872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026872.

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ObjectiveObesity is a major risk factor for low-grade endometrial cancer. The surgical management of patients with obesity is challenging, and they may face unique barriers to accessing care. We completed a qualitative study to understand the experiences of low-grade endometrial cancer patients with morbid obesity, from symptom onset to diagnosis to surgery.DesignSemi-structured interviews were performed with endometrial cancer patients with morbid obesity (body mass index (BMI)>40 kg/m2) referred for primary surgery. Transcribed interviews were coded line-by-line and analysed using an inte

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Cordero, Leandro, Michael R. Stenger, Mark B. Landon, and Craig A. Nankervis. "Impact of excessive gestational weight gain on exclusive breastfeeding among women with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes and obesity." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (2022): e0277599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277599.

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Background Pregestational diabetes, obesity and gestational weight gain (GWG) are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, however, the influence of excessive GWG on lactation at discharge is less known. Our aim is to evaluate the impact of excessive GWG using the LifeCycle project guidelines on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and any BF rates at discharge among 171 women with Type 1 and 294 Type 2 diabetes and obesity who intended to BF. Methods and findings Retrospective cohort study. Obesity was defined by BMI (kg/m2) as grade 1 (30–34.9), grade 2 (35–39.9) or grade 3 (≥40). GWG was catego

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Ninić, Ana, Miron Sopić, Jelena Munjas, et al. "The link between resistin, systemic low-grade inflammation and obstructive sleep apnea." Biologia Serbica 43, no. 1 (2021): 16–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512418.

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<strong>Summary.</strong> Obstructive sleep apnea is a condition manifested by airway obstruction associated with decreased orcomplete cessation of air flow in the upper respiratory system. This condition leads to recurrent nocturnal oxygen desaturation, fragmented sleep, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Moreover, increasing evidence suggests that obstructive sleep apnea is a risk factor for various diseases, including: cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, abdominal obesity and dyslipidemia. Chronic intermittent hypoxia is one of

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El Kassas, Ghada M., Manal A. Shehata, Maged A. El Wakeel, et al. "Role of Procalcitonin As an Inflammatory Marker in a Sample of Egyptian Children with Simple Obesity." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 8 (2018): 1349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.323.

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BACKGROUND: Obesity is a multifactorial disease, associated with metabolic disorders and chronic low-grade inflammation. Procalcitonin (PCT) is well known as a biomarker of infection, and systemic inflammation. Recently, it has potential as a marker for chronic low-grade inflammation.AIM: This study aims to evaluate the role of serum PCT as an inflammatory biomarker in the diagnosis of obesity-related low-grade inflammation.METHOD: In this case-control study, 50 obese and 35 normal weight children and adolescents aged 5–15 years were enrolled. Anthropometric parameters were measured in all sub

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Brandt, Claus, Maria Pedersen, Anders Rinnov, et al. "Obesity and Low-Grade Inflammation Increase Plasma Follistatin-Like 3 in Humans." Mediators of Inflammation 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/364209.

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Background. Rodent models suggest that follistatin-like 3 (fstl3) is associated with diabetes and obesity. In humans, plasma fstl3 is reduced with gestational diabetes.In vitro, TNF-αinduces fstl3 secretion, which suggests a link to inflammation.Objective. To elucidate the association between plasma fstl3 and obesity, insulin resistance, and low-grade inflammation in humans.Study Design. Plasma fstl3 levels were determined in a cross-sectional study including three groups: patients with type 2 diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, and healthy controls. In addition, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), TN

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Calder, Philip C., Namanjeet Ahluwalia, Fred Brouns, et al. "Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity." British Journal of Nutrition 106, S3 (2011): S5—S78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511005460.

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Liu, Lulu, Qifu Li, Xiaoqiu Xiao, et al. "miR-1934, downregulated in obesity, protects against low-grade inflammation in adipocytes." Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 428 (June 2016): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2016.03.026.

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Winklhofer-Roob⁎, B. M., and J. M. Roob. "Obesity and low-grade inflammation: bioactive dietary compounds and effects on biomarkers." Free Radical Biology and Medicine 53 (September 2012): S10—S11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.08.091.

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Heilbronn, Leonie, and Lesley Campbell. "Adipose Tissue Macrophages, Low Grade Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Human Obesity." Current Pharmaceutical Design 14, no. 12 (2008): 1225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161208784246153.

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Castro, A. M., L. E. Macedo-de la Concha, and C. A. Pantoja-Meléndez. "Low-grade inflammation and its relation to obesity and chronic degenerative diseases." Revista Médica del Hospital General de México 80, no. 2 (2017): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.06.011.

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Tambo, Amos, Mohsin H. K. Roshan, and Nikolai P. Pace. "The Microbial Hypothesis: Contributions of Adenovirus Infection and Metabolic Endotoxaemia to the Pathogenesis of Obesity." International Journal of Chronic Diseases 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7030795.

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The global obesity epidemic, dubbed “globesity” by the World Health Organisation, is a pressing public health issue. The aetiology of obesity is multifactorial incorporating both genetic and environmental factors. Recently, epidemiological studies have observed an association between microbes and obesity. Obesity-promoting microbiome and resultant gut barrier disintegration have been implicated as key factors facilitating metabolic endotoxaemia. This is an influx of bacterial endotoxins into the systemic circulation, believed to underpin obesity pathogenesis. Adipocyte dysfunction and subseque

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