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Journal articles on the topic 'Low-level measurements'

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1

Villa, M., and G. Manjón. "Low-level measurements of tritium in water." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 61, no. 2-3 (August 2004): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.03.027.

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2

Simrock, S. N. "Measurements for low level RF control systems." Measurement Science and Technology 18, no. 8 (July 6, 2007): 2320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/18/8/005.

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3

NAKAZAWA, Masaharu, Tokushi SHIBATA, Tetsuo IGUCHI, Tadashi AKIMOTO, Nobuo NIIMURA, Yukio OYAMA, and Otohiko AIZAWA. "Cold fusion and low level neutron measurements." Journal of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan / Atomic Energy Society of Japan 32, no. 2 (1990): 114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3327/jaesj.32.114.

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4

Hart, Vincent S., Chris E. Johnson, and Raymond D. Letterman. "An Analysis of Low-Level Turbidity Measurements." Journal - American Water Works Association 84, no. 12 (December 1992): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1992.tb05900.x.

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5

Katagiri, H., O. Narita, A. Yamato, and M. Kinoshita. "Low level measurements of129I in environmental samples." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles 138, no. 1 (January 1990): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02049362.

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6

Vanca, Mihai, Josef Lechleitner, and Ardeshir Mahdavi. "Low Frequency Noise Level Assessment in Vienna." Applied Mechanics and Materials 887 (January 2019): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.887.547.

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The present contribution reports on the results of sound level measurements in a number of locations in the city of Vienna, Austria. Thereby, a primary objective was to determine the degree to which the measurement results agree with corresponding information in the E.N.D. (Environmental Noise Directive 2002/49/EC) maps. Moreover, the relationship between the low-frequency segment of the acoustical exposure to the broad-band data was investigated. The results point to traffic as the main source of urban noise exposure. E.N.D. maps appear to provide a reasonable general overview of the urban noise circumstances. However, measurement results at individual locations can considerably deviate from E.N.D. data. Numeric values of low-frequency sound level range were found to be generally higher than those of the broad-frequency levels. The results revealed also a strong correlation between measurement-based L50R and NR (Noise Rating) values.
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7

Aoyama, M., K. Hirose, T. Miyao, and Y. Igarashi. "Low level 137Cs measurements in deep seawater samples." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 53, no. 1-2 (July 2000): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-8043(00)00128-7.

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8

Schäfer, I., D. Hebert, and U. Zeiske. "On low-level tritium measurements with LSC Quantulus." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 53, no. 1-2 (July 2000): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-8043(00)00146-9.

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9

Rydosz, A., W. Maziarz, T. Pisarkiewicz, K. Domański, and P. Grabiec. "A gas micropreconcentrator for low level acetone measurements." Microelectronics Reliability 52, no. 11 (November 2012): 2640–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2012.05.012.

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10

Duron, Ziyad H. "Structural assessment aided by low level response measurements." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 109, no. 5 (May 2001): 2411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4744521.

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11

Stella, M., C. Voz, J. Puigdollers, F. Rojas, M. Fonrodona, J. Escarré, J. M. Asensi, J. Bertomeu, and J. Andreu. "Low level optical absorption measurements on organic semiconductors." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 352, no. 9-20 (June 2006): 1663–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2005.09.048.

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12

Letterman, Raymond D., Chris E. Johnson, and Sudhakar Viswanathan. "Low-Level Turbidity Measurements: A Comparison of Instruments." Journal - American Water Works Association 96, no. 8 (August 2004): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.2004.tb10684.x.

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13

Delaune, O., A. Cagniant, P. Gross, G. Douysset, J. P. Fontaine, and G. Le Petit. "Low-level laboratory measurement of xenon radionuclides: Electron-photon versus photon measurements." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 134 (April 2018): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.07.021.

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14

Sundström, Anu-Maija, Timo Nousiainen, and Tuukka Petäjä. "On the Quantitative Low-Level Aerosol Measurements Using Ceilometer-Type Lidar." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 26, no. 11 (November 1, 2009): 2340–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jtecha1252.1.

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Abstract The objective of this work is to investigate whether a commercial ceilometer-type lidar can be used as a quantitative aerosol measurement instrument. To this end, lidar backscattering measurements are compared with exact theoretical calculations of backscattering, which are based on in situ–measured size distributions and account for uncertainties in particle composition and shape. The results show that the differences between simulated and measured backscattering remain nearly constant and within the uncertainties involved. The differences are most plausibly explained by an error in the overlap function of the lidar and/or errors in the calibration of either the lidar or the in situ instruments used to measure the aerosol size distribution. Occasionally, large differences occur that are obviously connected to the unrepresentativeness of the in situ and lidar measurement volumes because of insufficient atmospheric mixing. The results imply that the absolute accuracy of the instrument investigated might be sufficient for quantitative aerosol measurements in some applications. A fix for the overlap function, however, would be desirable.
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15

Martín Sánchez, A., F. Vera Tomé, and P. Rubio Montero. "Fitting of alpha spectra. Application to low-level measurements." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 47, no. 9-10 (September 1996): 899–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-8043(96)00084-x.

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16

Karasik, Max, A. N. Mostovych, R. H. Lehmberg, Y. Chan, J. L. Weaver, and S. P. Obenschain. "Measurements of low-level prepulse on Nike KrF laser." Journal of Applied Physics 98, no. 5 (September 2005): 053101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2032619.

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17

Lafferty, R. E. "A constant impedance fixture for low-level inductance measurements." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 40, no. 5 (1991): 862–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/19.106313.

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18

Altzitzoglou, T. "Low-level radioactivity measurements in an ocean shellfish matrix." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 52, no. 3 (March 2000): 539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-8043(99)00207-9.

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19

Cibiel, G., M. Regis, E. Tournier, and O. Llopis. "AM noise impact on low level phase noise measurements." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 49, no. 6 (June 2002): 784–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tuffc.2002.1009336.

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20

Despres, M. "Interlaboratory tests for low-level radioactivity measurements in France." Environment International 14, no. 4 (January 1988): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(88)90005-0.

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21

Rulík, P., H. Malá, V. Bečková, Z. Hölgye, E. Schlesingerová, I. Světlík, and J. Škrkal. "Low level air radioactivity measurements in Prague, Czech Republic." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 67, no. 5 (May 2009): 969–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.01.067.

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22

Hamilton, E. I. "Low-level measurements and their applications to environmental radioactivity." Science of The Total Environment 86, no. 3 (October 1989): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(89)90292-1.

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23

Wershofen, H., J. Bieringer, S. Frenzel, G. Kanisch, C. Katzlberger, Th Steinkopff, J. Tschiersch, and H. Völkle. "An inter-laboratory comparison of low-level measurements in ground-level aerosol monitoring." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 66, no. 6-7 (June 2008): 737–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.02.011.

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24

Schwaiger, M., F. Steger, T. Schroettner, and C. Schmitzer. "A ultra low level laboratory for nuclear test ban measurements." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 56, no. 1-2 (January 2002): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-8043(01)00217-2.

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25

Robinson, S. J., J. Jolie, H. G. Börner, S. Ulbig, and D. Janssen. "Excited level lifetime measurements following very low energy nuclear recoils." Hyperfine Interactions 75, no. 1-4 (November 1992): 533–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02399009.

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26

Antanasijević, R., I. Aničin, I. Bikit, R. Banjanac, A. Dragić, D. Joksimović, D. Krmpotić, V. Udovičić, and J. Vuković. "Radon measurements during the building of a low-level laboratory." Radiation Measurements 31, no. 1-6 (June 1999): 371–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1350-4487(99)00177-8.

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27

Huang, P. H. "Humidity standards for low level water vapor sensing and measurements." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 53, no. 1-2 (November 1998): 125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-4005(98)00313-x.

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28

Scherer, U. W., M. Jacobi, J. Castillo, and D. H. Förstel. "Ultra-low-level measurements of3H and14C in wines and champagne." Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids 164, no. 5-6 (June 2009): 382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10420150902811854.

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29

Tims, Stephen G., Dimitrios Tsifakis, Michaela Srncik, L. Keith Fifield, Gary J. Hancock, and Mario De Cesare. "Measurements of low-level anthropogenic radionuclides from soils around Maralinga." EPJ Web of Conferences 63 (2013): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20136303010.

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30

Llopis, O., J. B. Juraver, G. Cibiel, and J. Graffeuil. "Low level and reflection phase noise measurements on a FET." Electronics Letters 37, no. 2 (2001): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20010081.

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31

Salvatori, S., N. Masarone, G. Di Nucci, and G. Conte. "Compact front-end electronics for low-level current sensor measurements." Electronics Letters 42, no. 12 (2006): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20060563.

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32

Jabor, A., Chr Bargholtz, E. Honn, L. O. Norlin, P. E. Tegnér, and S. Wachtmeister. "A new surface laboratory for measurements of low-level radioactivity." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 66, no. 10 (October 2008): 1443–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.02.086.

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33

Barnes, E. M., S. A. Long, and R. A. Tinker. "Difficulties in obtaining an HPGe detector for low-level measurements." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 67, no. 5 (May 2009): 692–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.01.012.

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34

Purnell, David J., Natalya Gomez, William Minarik, David Porter, and Gregory Langston. "Precise water level measurements using low-cost GNSS antenna arrays." Earth Surface Dynamics 9, no. 3 (June 24, 2021): 673–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-673-2021.

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Abstract. We have developed a ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) technique for monitoring water levels with a comparable precision to standard tide gauges (e.g. pressure transducers) but at a fraction of the cost and using commercial products that are straightforward to assemble. As opposed to using geodetic-standard antennas that have been used in previous GNSS-R literature, we use multiple co-located low-cost antennas to retrieve water levels via inverse modelling of signal-to-noise ratio data. The low-cost antennas are advantageous over geodetic-standard antennas not only because they are much less expensive (even when using multiple antennas in the same location) but also because they can be used for GNSS-R analysis over a greater range of satellite elevation angles. We validate our technique using arrays of four antennas at three test sites with variable tidal forcing and co-located operational tide gauges. The root mean square error between the GNSS-R and tide gauge measurements ranges from 0.69–1.16 cm when using all four antennas at each site. We find that using four antennas instead of a single antenna improves the precision by 30 %–50 % and preliminary analysis suggests that four appears to be the optimum number of co-located antennas. In order to obtain precise measurements, we find that it is important for the antennas to track GPS, GLONASS and Galileo satellites over a wide range of azimuth angles (at least 140∘) and elevation angles (at least 30∘). We also provide software for analysing low-cost GNSS data and obtaining GNSS-R water level measurements.
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35

Einarsson, Sigurđur A. "Evaluation of a Prototype Low-Level Liquid Scintillation Multisample Counter." Radiocarbon 34, no. 3 (1992): 366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200063554.

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A new, improved photomultiplier has been incorporated and a more efficient active guard installed in a single photomultiplier liquid scintillation counter. A special quartz vial was designed to improve the photoelectron cathode index (photoelectrons/keV), and thus, to reduce background. Four photomultipliers were installed so that four samples can be counted simultaneously. The measurements presented here cover background spectra and counting efficiency obtained under various conditions in the laboratory. These measurements and derived parameters, such as the figure of merit (E2/B) and the factor of merit (S/√B), are used to evaluate the system performance. Also presented are the results of measurements on the cathode index and further background spectra, obtained at an underground site.
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36

SHARSHAR, Taher. "A NaI-NaI Coincidence Low Background Counting System for Low-level Gamma-ray Measurements." RADIOISOTOPES 47, no. 11 (1998): 837–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.47.11_837.

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37

Pointurier, F., N. Baglan, and P. Hémet. "Ultra low-level measurements of actinides by sector field ICP-MS." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 60, no. 2-4 (February 2004): 561–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2003.11.083.

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38

Fleming, Gregg G. "Guidelines for the measurements and assessment of low‐level ambient noise." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 106, no. 4 (October 1999): 2201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.427469.

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39

Wang, Zheng, Luhong Mao, and Rong Liu. "High-Accuracy Amplitude and Phase Measurements for Low-Level RF Systems." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 61, no. 4 (April 2012): 912–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2011.2179334.

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40

Ciofi, C., F. Crupi, C. Pace, and G. Scandurra. "Micro-prober for wafer-level low-noise measurements in MOS devices." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 52, no. 5 (October 2003): 1533–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2003.817913.

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41

Houtzager, E., and G. Rietveld. "Automated Low-Ohmic Resistance Measurements at the $\mu \Omega/\Omega$ Level." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 56, no. 2 (April 2007): 406–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2007.891119.

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42

Asmail, C., J. Hsia, A. Parr, and J. Hoeft. "Rayleigh scattering limits for low-level bidirectional reflectance distribution function measurements." Applied Optics 33, no. 25 (September 1, 1994): 6084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.33.006084.

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43

Aroca, C., C. Moron, E. Lopez, M. C. Sanchez, and P. Sanchez. "Measuring harmonics of low-level electrical signals: application to magnetic measurements." Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments 22, no. 3 (March 1989): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/22/3/012.

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44

Vaiente, Mauro, Wladimir Molina, Lila Carrizales Silva, Rodolfo Figueroa, Francisco Malano, Pedro Pérez, Mauricio Santibañez, and José Vedelago. "Fricke gel dosimeter with improved sensitivity for low-dose-level measurements." Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics 17, no. 4 (July 2016): 402–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1120/jacmp.v17i4.5626.

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45

Litva, J. "Early results: Very low-level propagation measurements on the Ottawa River." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 35, no. 4 (April 1987): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.1987.1144126.

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46

Van Nieuwkerk, H. J., H. A. Das, U. A. Th Brinkman, and R. W. Frei. "On-line and low-level measurements of β-radiation in HPLC." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 99, no. 2 (June 1986): 423–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02037603.

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47

Aiginger, H., F. J. Maringer, D. Rank, and E. Unfried. "A new laboratory for routine low-level measurements (BVFA Arsenal, Wien)." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 17, no. 5-6 (November 1986): 435–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(86)90179-5.

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48

Hutton, J. T., and J. R. Prescott. "Field and laboratory measurements of low-level thorium, uranium and potassium." International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part D. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 20, no. 2 (April 1992): 367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1359-0189(92)90066-5.

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49

Heisel, M., F. Kaether, and H. Simgen. "Statistical analysis of low-level material screening measurements via gamma-spectroscopy." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 67, no. 5 (May 2009): 741–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.01.028.

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50

Kivistö, H. "TTCA measurements in biomonitoring of low-level exposure to carbon disulphide." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 73, no. 4 (May 19, 2000): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004200050426.

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