Relevant bibliographies by topics / Low population density environments

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Low population density environments'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 19 February 2023
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Low population density environments"

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Alfaro, Ignacio G., Facundo Rodriguez, Andrés N. Ruiz, and Diego Garcia Lambas. "How galaxies populate haloes in very low-density environments." Astronomy & Astrophysics 638 (June 2020): A60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937431.

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Context. Evidence shows that properties of dark matter haloes may vary with large-scale environment. Studying the halo occupation distribution in cosmic voids makes it possible to obtain useful information that can shed light on the subject. The history of the formation of the haloes and galaxies residing in these regions is likely to differ from the global behaviour given their extreme environment. Aims. Our goal is to characterise the halo occupation distribution in the interior of cosmic voids and compare with the general results to unveil the way galaxies populate haloes in simulated galax
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Corrêa, F. F., M. P. Pereira, R. H. Madail, et al. "Anatomical traits related to stress in high density populations of Typha angustifolia L. (Typhaceae)." Brazilian Journal of Biology 77, no. 1 (2017): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.09715.

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Abstract Some macrophytes species show a high growth potential, colonizing large areas on aquatic environments. Cattail (Typha angustifolia L.) uncontrolled growth causes several problems to human activities and local biodiversity, but this also may lead to competition and further problems for this species itself. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate anatomical modifications on T. angustifolia plants from different population densities, once it can help to understand its biology. Roots and leaves were collected from natural populations growing under high and low densities. Thes
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Collobert, Maela, Marc Sarzi, Roger L. Davies, Harald Kuntschner, and Matthew Colless. "Central stellar populations of early-type galaxies in low-density environments." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 370, no. 3 (2006): 1213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10538.x.

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Plaistow, S. J., and T. G. Benton. "The influence of context-dependent maternal effects on population dynamics: an experimental test." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1520 (2009): 1049–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0251.

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Parental effects arise when either the maternal or paternal phenotype influences the phenotypes of subsequent generations. Simple analytical models assume maternal effects are a mechanism creating delayed density dependence. Such models predict that maternal effects can very easily lead to population cycles. Despite this, unambiguous maternal-effect mediated cycles have not been demonstrated in any system. Additionally, much evidence has arisen to invalidate the underlying assumption that there is a simple positive correlation between maternal performance and offspring performance. A key issue
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Heinke, C. O., M. G. Ivanov, E. W. Koch, et al. "The X-ray emissivity of low-density stellar populations." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492, no. 4 (2020): 5684–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa194.

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ABSTRACT The dynamical production of low-mass X-ray binaries and brighter cataclysmic variables (CVs) in dense globular clusters is well-established. We investigate how the X-ray emissivity of fainter X-ray binaries (principally CVs and coronally active binaries) varies between different environments. We compile calculations (largely from the literature) of the X-ray emissivity of old stellar populations, including open and globular clusters and several galaxies. We investigate three literature claims of unusual X-ray sources in low-density stellar populations. We show that a suggested quiesce
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Siraj, Amir S., Menno J. Bouma, Mauricio Santos-Vega, et al. "Temperature and population density determine reservoir regions of seasonal persistence in highland malaria." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1820 (2015): 20151383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1383.

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A better understanding of malaria persistence in highly seasonal environments such as highlands and desert fringes requires identifying the factors behind the spatial reservoir of the pathogen in the low season. In these ‘unstable’ malaria regions, such reservoirs play a critical role by allowing persistence during the low transmission season and therefore, between seasonal outbreaks. In the highlands of East Africa, the most populated epidemic regions in Africa, temperature is expected to be intimately connected to where in space the disease is able to persist because of pronounced altitudina
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Allen, Micheal S., and Leandro E. Miranda. "Quasi-cycles in crappie populations are forced by interactions among population characteristics and environment." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58, no. 3 (2001): 594–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f01-020.

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Crappie (Pomoxis spp.) populations have been characterized as cyclic, with strong year-classes recurring at 2- to 4-year intervals. We evaluated the potential for cyclic trends in crappie populations using a population model that included a density-dependent stock recruitment function and random environmental variation. Slow, medium, and fast growth were simulated over 100 years. The model predicted highly variable recruitment that was strongly influenced by environmental fluctuation at low and intermediate stock densities. At high stock density, recruitment was low, even if environmental cond
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Prole, D. J., R. F. J. van der Burg, M. Hilker, and L. R. Spitler. "The quiescent fraction of isolated low surface brightness galaxies: observational constraints." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 500, no. 2 (2020): 2049–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3296.

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ABSTRACT Understanding the formation and evolution of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) is critical for explaining their wide-ranging properties. However, studies of LSBGs in deep photometric surveys are often hindered by a lack of distance estimates. In this work, we present a new catalogue of 479 LSBGs, identified in deep optical imaging data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP). These galaxies are found across a range of environments, from the field to groups. Many are likely to be ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs). We see clear evidence for a bimodal population i
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Lande, Russell, Steinar Engen, and Bernt-Erik Sæther. "An evolutionary maximum principle for density-dependent population dynamics in a fluctuating environment." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1523 (2009): 1511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0017.

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The evolution of population dynamics in a stochastic environment is analysed under a general form of density-dependence with genetic variation in r and K , the intrinsic rate of increase and carrying capacity in the average environment, and in σ e 2 , the environmental variance of population growth rate. The continuous-time model assumes a large population size and a stationary distribution of environments with no autocorrelation. For a given population density, N , and genotype frequency, p , the expected selection gradient is always towards an increased population growth rate, and the expect
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Sæther, Bernt-Erik, Marcel E. Visser, Vidar Grøtan, and Steinar Engen. "Evidence for r - and K -selection in a wild bird population: a reciprocal link between ecology and evolution." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1829 (2016): 20152411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2411.

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Understanding the variation in selection pressure on key life-history traits is crucial in our rapidly changing world. Density is rarely considered as a selective agent. To study its importance, we partition phenotypic selection in fluctuating environments into components representing the population growth rate at low densities and the strength of density dependence, using a new stochastic modelling framework. We analysed the number of eggs laid per season in a small song-bird, the great tit, and found balancing selection favouring large clutch sizes at small population densities and smaller c
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Low population density environments"

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Kaufman, Benjamin. "The Impacts of On-demand Transit Services in Low Population Density Environments on Access to Opportunities." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/419817.

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Transit networks are facing a large change due to the integration of new technology on routing and booking of rides. By reinventing paratransit and dial-a-ride services, new forms of on-demand transit services have been trialed. This, in part spurred by the proliferation of transport network companies (TNC’s) such as Uber, has led to increased demand for similar public services within cities around the world. These services give potential for the expansion of transit catchments into areas that would have received poor or no service previously, often due to lack of dense demand. Clear cost-savi
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Verdugo, Salgado Celia Anahi. "Star formation in low gas density and low metallicity environments." Observatoire de Paris, 2015. https://hal.science/tel-02095302.

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Dans les galaxies proches, la relation empirique de Kennicutt-Schmidt (KS) a été établie entre la densité surfacique de formation d’étoiles et la densité surfacique de gaz. Elle est forte et presque linéaire quand on considère le gaz moléculaire (H2) mais devient moins valable lorsque l’hydrogène n’est qu’atomique (HI). Ces régions de densité de gaz faible sont d’une importance cruciale dans le domaine de la formation d’étoiles, car elles possèdent les mêmes conditions que dans les galaxies de l’univers jeune, de faible métallicité. Cette thèse compile les données observationnelles obtenues au
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Lehner, Nicolas. "Interstellar gas and hot stars in low density environments." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343034.

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Sturm, Frederick J. "Megastructures : a possible urban form for Asia's high growth high desnity urban environments /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25798972.

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Cheng, Ka-man Clement. "Development density in Hong Kong : living environments vs living quality : a case study of Ap Lei Chau /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35085101.

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Ng, Wing-shun Anthony Vincent. "Toward a low density urban form in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25801077.

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Albrecht-Mallinger, Daniel James. "Conspecific Attraction in a Low-Density Population of a Threatened Songbird." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3365.

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Many organisms use both vegetation structure and social cues in selecting habitats. Many species of songbirds use the presence of breeding conspecifics as a social cue and sign of habitat quality, and can be induced to settle in unoccupied habitats by artificially broadcasting breeding song, a process referred to as “conspecific attraction”. In our study, we tested response to conspecific attraction a low-density population of the threatened Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) in Highland County, VA. Response to broadcast song was observed, with a modest increase in mean male abundan
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吳永順 and Wing-shun Anthony Vincent Ng. "Toward a low density urban form in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31979890.

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Fukushima, Hajime. "Radiative feedback from massive stars in low-metallicity environments." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242603.

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Lehto, Arni Aleksi, and Charles Christopher Mills. "Design for low-power high-density helmet dispensing and collection systems for urban environments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100884.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, June 2015.<br>"June 2012." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>In this thesis, we designed and implemented a machine to dispense and collect helmets for bike-share programs such as Boston's Hubway. Design of the machine was guided under several constraints including size and power for tight integration with existing bikeshare stations. The machine itself is divided into subsystems, including dispensing, reloading, and return components as well as software and
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Books on the topic "Low population density environments"

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Huston, S. L. Space environment effects: Low-altitude trapped radiation model. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Marshall Space Flight Center, 1998.

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Saḥar, Ḥāfiẓ, та Quṭb Suhayr, ред. Namaṭ al-iskān wa-nawʻīyat al-ḥiyāzah al-marghūbah ladá al-ʻāmilīn ghayr al-muqīmīn fī madīnatay al-ʻUbūr wa-al-Sādis min Uktūbir. al-Markaz al-Qawmī lil-Buḥūth al-Ijtimāʻīyah wa-al-Jināʼīyah, 2008.

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Jacobsen, Dean, and Olivier Dangles. Ecology of High Altitude Waters. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198736868.001.0001.

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This book brings together current knowledge on patterns and processes in the ecology of streams, lakes, and wetlands situated at more than 3000 m above sea level. The alpine headwaters of the large Asian rivers and Lake Titicaca are both well-known and iconic examples. High altitude waters include more than these systems—they are both numerous and cover many habitat types, organisms, and specializations. The book provides an overview of the variety of aquatic ecosystems and habitats, their environmental features, prominent species, and their functional adaptations to the harsh aquatic environm
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Teolinda, Bolívar, and Consejo Nacional de la Vivienda (Venezuela), eds. Densificación y vivienda en los barrios caraqueños : contribución a la determinación de problemas y soluciones. Ministerio del Desarrollo Urbano, Consejo Nacional de la Vivienda, 1994.

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Ross, Andrew. Bird on Fire. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199828265.001.0001.

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Phoenix, Arizona is one of America's fastest growing metropolitan regions. It is also its least sustainable one, sprawling over a thousand square miles, with a population of four and a half million, minimal rainfall, scorching heat, and an insatiable appetite for unrestrained growth and unrestricted property rights. In Bird on Fire, eminent social and cultural analyst Andrew Ross focuses on the prospects for sustainability in Phoenix--a city in the bull's eye of global warming--and also the obstacles that stand in the way. Most authors writing on sustainable cities look at places like Portland
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Slip-boundary equations for multicomponent nonequilibrium airflow. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1985.

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Slip-boundary equations for multicomponent nonequilibrium airflow. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1985.

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D, Scott Carl, Moss James N, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Branch., eds. Slip-boundary equations for multicomponent nonequilibrium airflow. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1985.

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Botsford, Louis W., J. Wilson White, and Alan Hastings. Population Dynamics for Conservation. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758365.001.0001.

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This book is a quantitative exposition of our current understanding of the dynamics of plant and animal populations, with the goal that readers will be able to understand, and participate in the management of populations in the wild. The book uses mathematical models to establish the basic principles of population behaviour. It begins with a philosophical approach to mathematical models of populations. It then progresses from a description of models with a single variable, abundance, to models that describe changes in the abundance of individuals at each age, then similar models that describe
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Egger, Eva-Maria, Aslihan Arslan, and Emanuele Zucchini. Does connectivity reduce gender gaps in off-farm employment? Evidence from 12 low- and middle-income countries. 3rd ed. UNU-WIDER, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2021/937-2.

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Gender gaps in labour force participation in developing countries persist despite income growth or structural change. We assess this persistence across economic geographies within countries, focusing on youth employment in off-farm wage jobs. We combine household survey data from 12 low- and middle-income countries in Asia, Latin America, and sub-Saharan Africa with geospatial data on population density, and estimate simultaneous probit models of different activity choices across the rural-urban gradient. The gender gap increases with connectivity from rural to peri-urban areas, and disappears
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Book chapters on the topic "Low population density environments"

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Berretty, Robert-Paul, Mark Overmars, and A. Frank van der Stappen. "Dynamic motion planning in low obstacle density environments." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63307-3_44.

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Palouš, Jan, Soňa Ehlerová, and Richard Wünsch. "Expanding Shells in Low and High Density Environments." In The Evolution of Galaxies. Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3315-1_115.

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Rampazzo, R., and L. M. Buson. "Structural Properties of Early-Type Galaxies in Low Density Environments: Pairs." In Dynamics and Interactions of Galaxies. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75273-5_105.

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Grützbauch, R., F. Annibali, R. Rampazzo, A. Bressan, and W. W. Zeilinger. "Nature and Nurture of Early-Type Dwarf Galaxies in Low Density Environments." In Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20285-8_29.

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Prédhumeau, Manon, Julie Dugdale, and Anne Spalanzani. "Adapting the Social Force Model for Low Density Crowds in Open Environments." In Springer Proceedings in Complexity. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61503-1_49.

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Goto, Ichiro, Daiki Nobayashi, Kazuya Tsukamoto, Takeshi Ikenaga, and Myung Lee. "Transmission Control Method to Realize Efficient Data Retention in Low Vehicle Density Environments." In Advances in Intelligent Networking and Collaborative Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29035-1_38.

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Yang, Jian, Chengdao Li, Xue Gong, et al. "Large Population with Low Marker Density Verse Small Population with High Marker Density for QTL Mapping: A Case Study for Mapping QTL Controlling Barley Net Blotch Resistance." In Advance in Barley Sciences. Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4682-4_25.

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Rampazzo, R., F. Annibali, A. Marino, et al. "Tracing the evolution of nearby early-type galaxies in low density environments. The ultraviolet view from GALEX." In UV Astronomy 2011. Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2573-7_28.

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Lubke, Roy A. "Restoration of Dune Ecosystems Following Mining in Madagascar and Namibia: Contrasting Restoration Approaches Adopted in Regions of High and Low Human Population Density." In Restoration of Coastal Dunes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33445-0_13.

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Newton, Peter W., Peter W. G. Newman, Stephen Glackin, and Giles Thomson. "The Greyfield Challenge to Australian Governments." In Greening the Greyfields. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6238-6_2.

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AbstractBetween 2000 and 2020, Australia’s population grew almost 24% to 25 million. Most of this growth occurred in Australia’s major cities, acutely exacerbating sprawl, which has been a planning challenge since the mid- to late twentieth century. The urban-policy response has been toward more compact cities via ‘infill’—redevelopment within existing urban boundaries. This chapter distinguishes between former industrial ‘brownfield’ infill and the more challenging ‘greyfield’ infill. Greyfields comprise ageing, under-capitalised, low-density suburbia. Most metropolitan planning strategies enable small-scale, ad hoc greyfield redevelopment that tends to erase suburban qualities while only slightly increasing density. As a result, infill targets are not being met. But there is another way, outlined here as ‘greyfield precinct regeneration’: larger-scale integrated redevelopment facilitated through land assembly and supportive state and municipal planning policy.
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Conference papers on the topic "Low population density environments"

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Jayaratne, N. N., and I. Rajapaksha. "CHALLENGES ON URBAN AGEING IN HIGH DENSITY SETTLEMENTS: Relationship of built-environment attributes and lifestyle of elderly in Western province, Sri Lanka." In Beyond sustainability reflections across spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2021.22.

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Urbanization and population aging are two key phenomena in the twenty-first century that concerns the elders living in cities, especially those in low- and middle-income countries like Sri Lanka. In such a setting, understanding the responsiveness of the built environment for active aging is crucial. However, even the few available studies are prioritized on health rather than the built environment attributes. Therefore, this study aims to assess the built environment attributes related to elders, for the first time, in developing countries like Sri Lanka. The assessment method composes of two
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Ramamurthy, Adinarayanane, and Anusha Roy. "Green and blue infrastucture to regulate thermal comfort in high density city planning. A case of Navi Mumbai, India." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/amfc5106.

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Cities create an environment that is clearly distinct from their surrounding areas. Urban structures alter the surface energy budget, modify the vertical profile of various atmospheric properties, interact with both local and regional circulation, and introduce anthropogenic heat. As a result, the climate conditions in the urban environment significantly differ from their rural system. Sustainability in planning is a topic of high interest among urban planners, urbanist and policy makers yet lack of scientific knowledge in the field leads to low impact in evolving urban planning decisions. Urb
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Thudichum Vasconcelos, Ana, and Joao Cruz. "Design Strategies for Socio-Environmentally Adverse Territories." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001392.

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In an inland southern region of Portugal, pathologies that intersect social and environmental problems have been identified, such as low density, aged and dispersed population, as well as low rainfall and high temperatures. An applied research and development initiative endorsing those problems was carried out by students and staff of the University of Lisbon along two years. This text reflects on this experience and the role of design on such predicaments.The research questions are: how and what kind of innovation can design bring to the community's quality of life in territories under advers
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Ajtai, Iulia, Camelia Botezan, Andrei Radovici, Ioana Cristina Pintea, and Calin Baciu. "IDENTIFICATION AND MAPPING OF FLOOD-SUSCEPTIBLE AREAS IN THE ILI?UA CATCHMENT, ROMANIA, USING A VULNERABILITY INDEX." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s12.14.

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In recent years, the growing impact of flood events on society, economy and environment, has increased the need for early prevention and mitigation measures. The prediction of future flooding areas represents an important tool that can reduce the magnitude of consequences, by identifying and mapping the flood prone-areas. The intensity and extension of floods depends on various contributing parameters, such as hydrometeorological and geomorphological indicators, land use, anthropic activities. Therefore, by analysing these parameters and the interaction between them, the areas susceptible to f
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Nessim, Maher A., Riski H. Adianto, and Mark J. Stephens. "Limit States Design for Onshore Pipelines: Methodology and Implications." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33434.

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A limit states design approach for onshore pipelines has been developed as part of a three-year joint industry project. The approach covers both natural gas and low vapor pressure (LVP) liquid pipelines and addresses key design conditions, including burst, equipment impact loads and plastic deformations during hydrostatic testing. The results are described in a set of design guidelines that can be used as a basis for a limit states design standard. The design methodology is based on two limit states categories, namely ultimate limit states representing large leaks and ruptures, and serviceabil
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Rudnick, Lawrence, Sebastian Heinz, and Eric Wilcots. "Relativistic Plasmas in Low Density Environments." In THE MONSTER’S FIERY BREATH: FEEDBACK IN GALAXIES, GROUPS, AND CLUSTERS. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3293078.

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Khattak, Ikhlaq, and Mirza Jamil Yousaf. "Design of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Autorickshaw." In ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97249.

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In Asia there are less private cars, but there is a high proportion of 2-stroke engines in scooters, motorcycles, auto-rickshaws (Tuk-Tuks), all running on petrol-oil mixtures with levels of hydrocarbon emissions (from partially burnt fuel and oil) well in excess of levels permitted in the USA and Europe. Worldwide Rickshaw/scooter/motorcycle type engine production is estimated at 17 million per year. According to National Transport Research Center (NTRC), the total population of registered (all types) motor vehicles in Pakistan in year 2000 was 4.224 million, out of which more than half of th
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Zhong, Mengqi, Yuanyi Shen, and Yifan Yu. "Association between Neighborhood Built Environment and Body Mass Index among Chinese Adults: Hierarchical Linear Model." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/bfwj3902.

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Obesity is becoming a global health problem. With the living standards of residents have improved rapidly in China, the problem of obesity becomes a serious threat to people’s health. Although obesity effected by many factors, the role of the built environment in relation to obesity among population should be taken into consideration. This paper examines the association of built environment and body mass index with the hierarchical linear model, based on the data from 2016 China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS), which involves 29 provinces in China and investigates 401 villages or communitie
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Ippolito, Corey A., Kalmanje S. Krishnakumar, Vahram Stepanyan, Alfredo Bencomo, Sebastian Hening, and Joshua Baculi. "Autonomous UAS Operations in High-Density Low-Altitude Urban Environments." In AIAA Scitech 2019 Forum. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2019-0687.

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Papadopoulos, George, Daniel Bivolaru, Andrew Murphy, and Spencer Siu. "Fluid Velocity Sensing at Extreme Altitude or Low Density Environments." In ASME 2022 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2022-87083.

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Abstract Methods to measure wind speed and direction range from simple hot-wire / hot-film anemometers to sophisticated sonic and laser/image-based instrumentation. While these can work well on the ground and to low altitudes, there are challenges in implementation for high altitude measurements at the 20 km and above range, where a near space environment exists. The low pressure, low density environment does not support the conditions needed for all known measurement methods to generate an engineering value for the full velocity vector at the cm/s accuracy and resolution needed to allow for h
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Reports on the topic "Low population density environments"

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Christie, Benjamin, Osama Ennasr, and Garry Glaspell. ROS integrated object detection for SLAM in unknown, low-visibility environments. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42385.

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Integrating thermal (or infrared) imagery on a robotics platform allows Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV) to function in low-visibility environments, such as pure darkness or low-density smoke. To maximize the effectiveness of this approach we discuss the modifications required to integrate our low-visibility object detection model on a Robot Operating System (ROS). Furthermore, we introduce a method for reporting detected objects while performing Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) by generating bounding boxes and their respective transforms in visually challenging environments.
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Russo, David, Daniel M. Tartakovsky, and Shlomo P. Neuman. Development of Predictive Tools for Contaminant Transport through Variably-Saturated Heterogeneous Composite Porous Formations. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7592658.bard.

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The vadose (unsaturated) zone forms a major hydrologic link between the ground surface and underlying aquifers. To understand properly its role in protecting groundwater from near surface sources of contamination, one must be able to analyze quantitatively water flow and contaminant transport in variably saturated subsurface environments that are highly heterogeneous, often consisting of multiple geologic units and/or high and/or low permeability inclusions. The specific objectives of this research were: (i) to develop efficient and accurate tools for probabilistic delineation of dominant geol
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Hovav, Ran, Peggy Ozias-Akins, and Scott A. Jackson. The genetics of pod-filling in peanut under water-limiting conditions. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597923.bard.

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Pod-filling, an important yield-determining stage is strongly influenced by water stress. This is particularly true for peanut (Arachishypogaea), wherein pods are developed underground and are directly affected by the water condition. Pod-filling in peanut has a significant genetic component as well, since genotypes are considerably varied in their pod-fill (PF) and seed-fill (SF) potential. The goals of this research were to: Examine the effects of genotype, irrigation, and genotype X irrigation on PF and SF. Detect global changes in mRNA and metabolites levels that accompany PF and SF. Explo
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Idris, Iffat. Areas and Population Groups in Pakistan Most Exposed to Combined Effects of Climate Change, Food Insecurity and COVID-19. Institute of Development Studies, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.058.

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There are strong interlinkages between the effects of climate change and natural disasters in Pakistan, food insecurity, and exposure to COVID-19. Areas/groups at risk of one will often be at risk of the others as well, demonstrating the complexities and multifaceted nature of vulnerability, risk, and exposure. In areas exposed to natural disasters, for example, there are likely to be higher levels of food insecurity. Key geographic areas at risk of the combined effects of climate change natural disasters and food insecurity in Pakistan are Balochistan, Sindh, southern Punjab, and parts of Khy
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Guy, Charles, Gozal Ben-Hayyim, Gloria Moore, Doron Holland, and Yuval Eshdat. Common Mechanisms of Response to the Stresses of High Salinity and Low Temperature and Genetic Mapping of Stress Tolerance Loci in Citrus. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613013.bard.

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The objectives that were outlined in our original proposal have largely been achieved or will be so by the end of the project in February 1995 with one exception; that of mapping cold tolerance loci based on the segregation of tolerance in the BC1 progeny population. Briefly, our goals were to 1) construct a densely populated linkage map of the citrus genome: 2) map loci important in cold and/or salt stress tolerance; and 3) characterize the expression of genes responsive to cold land salt stress. As can be seen by the preceding listing of accomplishments, our original objectives A and B have
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Kloepper, Joseph W., and Ilan Chet. Endophytic Bacteria of Cotton and Sweet Corn for Providing Growth Promotion and Biological Disease Control. United States Department of Agriculture, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613039.bard.

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Endophytes were isolated from 16.7% of surface-disinfested seeds and 100% of stems and roots of field-growth plants. Strains from Israel with broad-spectrum in vitro antibiosis were mainly Bacillus spp., and some were chitinolytic. Following dipping of cut cotton roots into suspensions of these strains, endophytes were detected up to 72 days later by isolation and by autoradiograms of 14C-labelled bacteria. Selected endophytes exhibited biological control potential based on significant reductions in disease severity on cotton inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani or Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasi
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Ziesler, Pamela, and Claire Spalding. Statistical abstract: 2021. National Park Service, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2293345.

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In 2021, recreation visits to National Park Service (NPS) sites rebounded from the COVID-19 pandemic-driven low visitation of 2020 and climbed to 297,115,406 recreation visits. This is an increase of 60 million recreation visits (+25.3%) from 2020 and a decrease of 30 million recreation visits (-9.3%) from 2019. Recreation visitor hours were 1,356,657,749 – a 28.6% increase from 2020 and a 5.1% decrease from 2019. Total overnight stays followed a similar pattern with 12,745,455 overnight stays – up 4.7 million (+58.5%) from 2020 and down 1.1 million (-8%) from 2019. Five parks were added to th
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Eshel, Amram, Jonathan P. Lynch, and Kathleen M. Brown. Physiological Regulation of Root System Architecture: The Role of Ethylene and Phosphorus. United States Department of Agriculture, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7585195.bard.

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Specific Objectives and Related Results: 1) Determine the effect of phosphorus availability on ethylene production by roots. Test the hypothesis that phosphorus availability regulates ethylene production Clear differences were found between the two plants that were studied. In beans ethylene production is affected by P nutrition, tissue type, and stage of development. There are genotypic differences in the rate of ethylene production by various root types and in the differential in ethylene production when P treatments are compared. The acceleration in ethylene production with P deficiency inc
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Jones, Theresa, and Elisabeth Storer. Key Considerations: Adherence to COVID-19 Preventive Measures in Greater Kampala, Uganda. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.005.

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This brief sets out key considerations for risk communications and community engagement (RCCE) to promote adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures in greater Kampala, Uganda. It looks at adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures, assesses the challenges to their adoption and outlines key considerations for partners working in RCCE and the wider COVID-19 emergency response. The brief responds to concern (as of March 2022) about COVID-19 transmission in informal urban areas in Uganda due to their high population density, limited sanitary infrastructure, and reported low uptake of vaccination. E
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Fromm, Hillel, Paul Michael Hasegawa, and Aaron Fait. Calcium-regulated Transcription Factors Mediating Carbon Metabolism in Response to Drought. United States Department of Agriculture, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699847.bard.

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Original objectives: The long-term goal of the proposed research is to elucidate the transcription factors, genes and metabolic networks involved in carbon metabolism and partitioning in response to water deficit. The proposed research focuses on the GTLcalcium/calmodulinbindingTFs and the gene and metabolic networks modulated by these TFs in Arabidopsis thaliana. The specific objectives are as follows. Objective-1 (USA): Physiological analyses of GTL1 loss- and gain-of-function plants under water sufficient and drought stress conditions Objective 2 (USA / Israel-TAU): Characterizion of GTL ta
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